I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Adv
a
nces in Applie
d Science
s
(
I
J
AAS)
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
1
, M
a
r
ch
20
22
,
p
p
.
29
~
37
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijaas
.
v
11
.
i
1
.
pp
29
-
37
29
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
a
a
s
.
ia
esco
r
e.
co
m
Ev
a
lua
ting
a
ndro
id sma
rtphone
’s
b
luetoo
th
r
eceive
d sig
na
l
streng
th
i
ndica
to
r
m
ea
surem
en
ts f
o
r
s
o
cia
l distanci
ng
M
a
j
id F
a
leh A
la
nezi
,
M
uh
a
m
m
a
d T
a
j
a
mm
a
l C
hu
g
hta
i
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
o
f
H
a
i
l
,
H
a
i
l
,
S
a
u
d
i
A
r
a
b
i
a
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Sep
2
2
,
2
0
2
1
R
ev
is
ed
Dec
2
5
,
2
0
2
1
Acc
ep
ted
J
an
2
,
2
0
2
2
Th
is
p
a
p
e
r
p
re
se
n
ts
a
d
ig
it
a
l
so
lu
ti
o
n
t
o
re
d
u
c
e
tran
sm
issio
n
o
f
c
o
ro
n
a
v
ir
u
s
d
ise
a
se
2
0
1
9
(
C
OV
ID
-
19
)
b
y
m
a
in
tain
in
g
so
c
ial
d
istan
c
e
b
e
t
we
e
n
th
e
g
e
n
e
ra
l
p
u
b
li
c
.
T
h
e
o
b
jec
t
is
a
c
h
iev
e
d
b
y
u
si
n
g
b
l
u
e
to
o
th
,
w
h
ich
is
a
lrea
d
y
h
a
n
d
y
f
o
r
a
lmo
st
e
v
e
ry
o
n
e
i
n
th
e
g
e
n
e
ra
l
p
u
b
li
c
a
n
d
c
o
m
e
s
a
s
a
sta
n
d
a
r
d
fe
a
tu
re
in
sm
a
rtp
h
o
n
e
s.
T
h
e
p
re
se
n
t
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
u
se
s
a
n
in
d
irec
t
m
e
th
o
d
to
c
a
lcu
late
th
e
ra
n
g
e
b
e
twe
e
n
th
e
two
o
b
jec
ts.
5
,
3
0
0
sa
m
p
les
we
re
c
o
ll
e
c
ted
b
y
a
d
j
u
stin
g
th
e
re
c
e
iv
e
r
a
t
a
ra
n
g
e
o
f
a
n
g
les
t
o
c
a
lcu
late
th
e
in
te
n
sity
o
f
th
e
bl
u
e
t
o
o
t
h
si
g
n
a
l.
T
h
e
o
b
se
rv
a
ti
o
n
s
a
re
p
re
se
n
ted
in
th
e
fo
rm
o
f
p
lo
t
ted
g
ra
p
h
s
b
e
twe
e
n
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
sa
m
p
les
a
n
d
t
h
e
a
v
e
ra
g
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
sig
n
a
l
stre
n
g
th
in
d
ica
to
r
(
R
S
S
I
)
v
a
lu
e
a
t
a
p
a
rti
c
u
lar an
g
le o
f
ro
tati
o
n
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
An
d
r
o
id
B
lu
eto
o
th
C
OVI
D
-
19
R
e
ce
iv
ed
s
ig
n
al
s
tr
en
g
th
in
d
icato
r
So
cial
d
is
tan
cin
g
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Ma
jid
Faleh
Alan
ez
i
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
,
U
n
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
Hail
Hail
2
4
4
0
,
Sau
d
i A
r
ab
ia
E
m
ail:
E
n
g
.
Ma
jid
.
F@
g
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
p
r
esen
t
p
an
d
em
ic
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
co
r
o
n
a
v
ir
u
s
d
is
ea
s
e
2
0
1
9
(
C
OVI
D
-
19
)
h
as
im
p
ac
te
d
h
ar
d
o
n
o
u
r
liv
es
at
all
lev
els
(
h
ea
lth
,
s
o
cial,
an
d
e
c
o
n
o
m
y
)
[
1
]
.
T
h
is
h
as
ch
an
g
e
d
o
u
r
life
s
ty
l
e
h
ea
v
ily
[
2
]
.
T
h
e
p
an
d
em
ic
h
as
f
o
r
ce
d
u
s
to
ap
p
ly
s
ev
er
al
p
r
o
tectiv
e
m
ea
s
u
r
es
in
o
u
r
g
en
er
al
life
[
3
]
.
Ou
t
o
f
th
ese
m
ea
s
u
r
es
,
a
b
asic
o
n
e
is
k
ee
p
in
g
th
e
s
af
e
d
is
tan
ce
b
etwe
en
in
d
iv
id
u
als
an
d
wea
r
in
g
a
f
ac
ial
m
a
s
k
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
.
T
h
ese
p
r
o
tectiv
e
m
ea
s
u
r
es
h
av
e
p
r
o
v
ed
to
b
e
e
x
tr
em
ely
ef
f
e
ctiv
e
[
6
]
.
So
cial
d
is
tan
cin
g
r
ef
er
s
t
o
a
n
o
n
-
p
h
ar
m
ac
eu
tical
m
ea
s
u
r
e
to
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
r
ate
o
f
r
ec
u
r
r
e
n
ce
o
f
in
f
ec
tio
n
wh
ich
n
o
r
m
ally
s
p
r
e
ad
s
d
u
e
to
p
h
y
s
ical
co
n
tact
b
etwe
en
th
e
in
d
iv
id
u
a
ls
[
7
]
,
[
8
]
.
Var
io
u
s
m
ea
s
u
r
es
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
u
g
g
ested
b
y
m
ed
ica
l
ex
p
er
ts
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
in
f
ec
tio
n
r
ates.
T
h
ese
s
u
g
g
ested
m
ea
s
u
r
es
in
clu
d
e
[
9
]
:
i)
a
v
o
id
p
u
b
lic
g
ath
e
r
in
g
s
,
ii)
w
ash
in
g
o
f
h
an
d
s
ag
ain
an
d
ag
ain
f
o
r
at
least
2
0
s
ec
o
n
d
s
,
iii)
u
s
e
o
f
s
en
s
itizer
,
iv
)
i
s
o
latio
n
o
f
in
f
ec
ted
in
d
iv
id
u
als
,
v
)
q
u
ar
an
tin
e
a
f
ter
tr
av
el
,
an
d
v
i)
s
o
cial
d
is
tan
cin
g
.
So
cial
d
is
tan
cin
g
h
as
p
lay
ed
an
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
r
o
le
to
c
o
n
tr
o
l
t
h
e
p
an
d
em
ic.
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
to
co
n
tr
o
l
ca
n
b
e
class
if
ied
u
n
d
er
th
e
g
en
e
r
al
p
u
b
lic
an
d
in
d
iv
id
u
al
m
ea
s
u
r
es
[
1
0
]
.
Pu
b
lic
m
ea
s
u
r
es
in
clu
d
e
clo
s
in
g
d
o
wn
o
r
r
ed
u
cin
g
t
h
e
ac
ce
s
s
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
an
d
s
taf
f
to
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
an
d
o
f
f
ices
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
is
h
elp
s
to
p
r
ev
en
t
m
ass
g
ath
er
in
g
s
,
en
f
o
r
c
e
t
r
a
v
el
lim
itatio
n
s
,
im
p
le
m
en
t
s
tr
ict
b
o
r
d
er
co
n
tr
o
l
,
a
n
d
q
u
ar
an
tin
e
b
u
ild
in
g
s
.
W
h
er
ea
s
,
in
d
iv
id
u
al
m
ea
s
u
r
es
co
n
s
is
t
o
f
is
o
latio
n
,
q
u
ar
an
ti
n
e,
an
d
e
n
co
u
r
a
g
em
en
t
to
k
ee
p
p
h
y
s
ical
d
is
t
an
ce
b
etwe
en
in
d
iv
id
u
als
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
o
u
g
h
th
ese
m
ea
s
u
r
es
ca
u
s
e
s
o
m
e
u
n
d
esira
b
le
ef
f
ec
ts
o
n
th
e
ec
o
n
o
m
y
an
d
in
d
iv
id
u
al
f
r
ee
d
o
m
y
et
th
e
y
p
l
ay
a
cr
u
cial
r
o
le
in
r
ed
u
cin
g
t
h
e
s
ev
er
ity
o
f
th
e
p
a
n
d
em
ic
[
1
3
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
d
e
p
icts
a
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
d
is
ea
s
e
s
p
r
ea
d
d
u
e
to
s
tar
t
-
u
p
o
f
s
o
cial
d
is
tan
ce
b
y
a
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
o
f
o
n
e
d
ay
.
W
h
ich
ad
v
is
es
h
o
w
s
o
cial
d
is
tan
cin
g
m
ea
s
u
r
es
ca
n
lo
wer
th
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
in
f
e
ctio
n
ca
s
es.
Ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
s
o
cial
d
is
tan
cin
g
b
y
a
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
o
f
o
n
e
d
ay
ca
n
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
o
v
er
all
ca
s
es b
y
ar
o
u
n
d
4
0
%
[
1
4
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
1
,
M
ar
c
h
20
22
:
29
-
37
30
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
o
f
s
o
cial
d
is
tan
cin
g
f
o
r
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
o
v
er
all
ca
s
es
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
b
est
d
ef
e
n
s
e
r
em
ain
s
b
y
k
ee
p
i
n
g
a
s
af
e
d
is
tan
ce
b
etwe
en
in
d
iv
id
u
als
[
1
5
]
.
T
o
m
ain
tain
th
is
s
af
e
d
is
tan
ce
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies ca
n
h
elp
to
ca
ter
f
o
r
r
ed
u
cin
g
in
f
ec
ted
ca
s
es.
T
h
is
ca
n
b
e
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
d
esig
n
in
g
a
n
aler
tin
g
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
to
ch
ec
k
f
o
r
th
e
f
ailu
r
e
to
k
ee
p
th
e
s
o
cial
d
is
tan
ce
.
T
h
e
alar
m
wo
u
ld
b
lo
w
a
wh
is
tle
to
r
aise
aler
t
to
lim
it
t
h
e
p
h
y
s
ical
co
n
tacts
h
en
ce
p
r
e
v
en
tin
g
th
e
s
p
r
ea
d
o
f
d
is
ea
s
e
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
tan
d
s
a
d
ir
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
t
h
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
s
atis
f
y
at
least
th
r
ee
p
r
in
ci
p
l
es
th
at
wo
u
ld
en
co
u
r
ag
e
in
d
iv
id
u
als
to
g
et
tr
ain
ed
to
u
s
e
it
s
o
th
at
th
e
p
r
ac
tices
o
f
s
o
cial
d
is
tan
cin
g
b
ec
o
m
e
e
asy
.
T
h
e
b
asic
b
e
n
ef
its
ar
e
i)
n
o
c
o
s
t,
ii)
p
r
iv
ac
y
p
r
o
tectio
n
,
an
d
iii)
a
cc
ess
b
y
an
y
o
n
e.
Hav
in
g
th
ese
th
r
e
e
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
in
m
in
d
th
e
b
l
u
eto
o
th
class
ic
an
d
bl
u
eto
o
th
l
o
w
e
n
e
r
g
y
(
B
L
E
)
tr
an
s
ce
iv
er
s
s
tan
d
as
t
h
e
r
i
g
h
t
ch
o
ice
f
o
r
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e.
Sin
ce
b
lu
eto
o
th
is
av
ailab
le
in
all
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
s
th
er
ef
o
r
e
it r
e
m
ain
s
an
o
n
y
m
o
u
s
wh
ile
wo
r
k
in
g
at
l
o
w
p
o
wer
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
2.
B
L
U
E
T
O
O
T
H
F
O
R
SO
CIA
L
DIS
T
AN
CING
B
lu
eto
o
th
is
a
s
h
o
r
t
-
r
an
g
e
wir
eless
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
th
at
o
p
e
r
ates
in
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
an
g
e
f
r
o
m
2
.
4
to
2
.
4
8
5
GHz
.
B
lu
eto
o
th
is
m
an
a
g
ed
b
y
b
lu
et
o
o
th
s
p
ec
ial
in
ter
est
g
r
o
u
p
(
b
l
u
eto
o
th
SIG
)
w
h
ich
h
a
s
m
o
r
e
th
an
3
5
,
0
0
0
m
em
b
e
r
co
m
p
an
ies
in
v
ar
io
u
s
ar
ea
s
.
I
n
J
an
u
a
r
y
2
0
1
9
b
lu
eto
o
th
5
.
1
was
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
b
lu
et
o
o
th
SIG
wh
ich
ca
m
e
with
m
ajo
r
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
e
s
p
ec
ially
in
lo
ca
tin
g
an
d
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
er
v
ices.
W
h
er
ea
s
,
b
lu
eto
o
th
lo
w
en
er
g
y
(
B
L
E
)
h
as
b
ee
n
d
esig
n
ed
to
o
p
er
ate
at
v
er
y
lo
w
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
e
b
lu
eto
o
th
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
f
ea
tu
r
es
h
a
ve
b
ee
n
wild
ly
u
s
e
d
ev
e
n
m
o
r
e
af
ter
t
h
e
a
p
p
ea
r
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
p
a
n
d
em
ic
[
1
8
]
.
B
y
m
ak
in
g
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al
s
tr
en
g
th
i
n
d
ica
to
r
(
R
SS
I
)
o
f
th
e
b
lu
eto
o
th
,
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
ca
n
b
e
esti
m
ated
[
1
9
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
ws
h
o
w
th
e
b
lu
et
o
o
th
R
SS
I
v
alu
e
s
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
esti
m
ate
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
an
d
war
n
wh
en
g
etti
n
g
to
a
ce
r
tain
R
SS
I
v
alu
e.
B
lu
eto
o
th
R
SS
I
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
ar
e
s
en
s
itiv
e
to
th
e
d
ev
ice
o
r
ien
tatio
n
[
2
0
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
B
lu
eto
o
t
h
a
p
p
licatio
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
R
SS
I
to
esti
m
ate
th
e
d
is
t
an
ce
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
E
va
lu
a
tin
g
a
n
d
r
o
i
d
s
ma
r
tp
h
o
n
e’
s
b
lu
eto
o
t
h
r
ec
eive
d
s
ig
n
a
l
s
tr
en
g
th
in
d
ica
to
r
… (
Ma
jid
F
a
leh
A
la
n
ezi
)
31
3.
B
ACK
G
RO
UND
T
iwar
i
et
a
l
.
[
2
1
]
p
r
esen
ted
a
n
o
n
-
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
.
T
h
ey
u
s
ed
ST
-
B
lu
eNRG
-
2
b
ased
d
ev
ice
wh
ich
en
a
b
led
a
s
o
cial
d
is
ta
n
cin
g
s
o
lu
ti
o
n
.
W
h
er
ea
s
ST
-
B
lu
eNRG
-
2
is
a
v
er
y
lo
w
p
o
wer
,
b
l
u
eto
o
th
l
o
w
e
n
er
g
y
(
B
L
E
)
s
in
g
le
-
m
o
d
e
s
y
s
tem
-
on
-
ch
ip
[
1
0
]
,
th
is
d
ev
ic
e
aler
ts
th
e
u
s
er
s
if
th
ey
g
et
to
o
clo
s
e
(
2
m
)
to
o
th
er
d
ev
ices.
T
h
is
is
ac
h
iev
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
r
ec
ei
v
ed
s
ig
n
al
s
tr
en
g
th
in
d
icato
r
(
R
SS
I
)
tech
n
i
q
u
e.
T
h
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
e
m
ay
v
ar
y
a
lo
t
d
ep
en
d
in
g
u
p
o
n
m
u
lti
-
p
at
h
r
ef
lectio
n
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
elec
tr
o
n
ic
f
ilter
in
g
h
as
b
ee
n
ess
en
tial
in
o
r
d
er
t
o
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
v
a
r
iatio
n
(
n
o
is
e)
in
th
e
R
SS
I
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
ws th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
r
o
m
in
itializin
g
to
aler
tin
g
[
2
1
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Ap
p
licatio
n
f
lo
wc
h
a
r
t u
s
ed
T
o
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
n
o
is
e
f
ir
s
t,
ass
ig
n
ed
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
weig
h
tag
e
β
(
0
.
6
t
o
0
.
7
s
h
o
wed
th
e
m
in
im
a
l
n
o
is
e
in
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
)
to
th
e
r
ec
eiv
e
d
v
al
u
e
o
f
th
e
R
SS
I
an
d
1
-
β
to
t
h
e
n
e
x
t
R
SS
I
v
alu
e
r
ep
r
esen
te
d
b
y
(
1
)
.
=
(
1
−
β
)
×
X
+
β
×
Y
(
1
)
W
h
er
e
X
an
d
Y
ar
e
R
SS
I
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
ex
p
er
im
e
n
tally
f
r
o
m
s
am
e
b
ea
co
n
.
Fil
ter
ed
R
SS
I
v
alu
e
co
m
in
g
f
r
o
m
is
co
m
p
a
r
ed
an
d
r
ep
l
ac
ed
with
cu
r
r
en
t
v
alu
e,
wh
i
ch
ac
ts
as
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
an
d
an
in
p
u
t
to
m
o
v
in
g
av
er
ag
e
f
ilter
.
Fin
ally
p
ass
th
e
s
ig
n
al
to
a
m
o
v
in
g
av
er
ag
e
f
ilter
with
esti
m
ated
v
alu
e
as
an
av
er
ag
e
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
n
o
is
e
f
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e.
No
is
e
-
r
ed
u
ce
d
R
SS
I
is
u
s
ed
(
2
)
to
ca
lcu
late
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
=
10
(
−
)
/
(
10
×
)
(
2
)
W
h
er
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
p
o
wer
is
a
f
ac
to
r
y
-
ca
lib
r
ated
.
N
is
co
n
s
tan
t
f
ac
to
r
wh
ich
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
f
ac
to
r
.
No
r
m
ally
,
N
is
d
ef
in
e
d
b
etwe
en
2
to
4
.
Ku
m
ar
et
a
l
.
[
2
3
]
d
ev
elo
p
ed
an
an
d
r
o
i
d
ap
p
licat
io
n
s
o
cia
l
d
is
tan
cin
g
aler
t
s
y
s
tem
(
S
DAS)
,
th
at
d
etec
ts
an
d
ca
lcu
late
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
b
etwe
en
o
th
er
p
h
o
n
e
r
u
n
n
in
g
th
e
s
am
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
n
ea
r
b
y
.
I
t
ca
lcu
lates
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
b
y
co
m
p
ar
in
g
th
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
R
SS
I
v
alu
e
with
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
R
SS
I
v
alu
es
wh
ich
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
.
T
h
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
will
g
iv
e
a
n
aler
t
wh
en
two
o
b
je
cts
g
et
n
ea
r
t
o
ea
ch
o
th
e
r
(
i.
e.
,
less
th
an
2
m
)
.
T
ab
le
1
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
ws
th
e
b
o
u
n
d
s
u
s
ed
in
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
b
y
[
2
3
]
.
W
e
ca
n
r
eq
u
est
a
co
p
y
o
f
SDAS
ap
p
licatio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
er
s
in
th
is
p
ag
e,
we
ca
n
s
ca
n
th
is
QR
co
d
e
in
F
ig
u
r
e
5
an
d
r
eq
u
est
a
co
p
y
[
2
3
]
.
T
ab
le
1
.
B
o
u
n
d
s
u
s
ed
in
SDA
S a
p
p
licatio
n
S
i
g
n
a
l
s
t
r
e
n
g
t
h
D
i
sp
l
a
y
e
d
s
t
a
t
u
s
2
7
d
B
m
a
n
d
l
o
w
e
r
S
a
f
e
B
e
t
w
e
e
n
2
8
d
B
m
a
n
d
3
7
d
B
m
C
a
u
t
i
o
n
B
e
t
w
e
e
n
3
8
d
B
m
a
n
d
5
2
d
B
m
W
a
r
n
i
n
g
5
3
d
B
m
a
n
d
h
i
g
h
e
r
D
a
n
g
e
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
1
,
M
ar
c
h
20
22
:
29
-
37
32
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
I
ll
u
s
tr
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
ig
n
al
s
tr
en
g
th
b
o
u
n
d
s
in
th
e
SD
AS a
p
p
licatio
n
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
QR
co
d
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
an
d
r
o
id
ap
p
licatio
n
g
en
e
r
ated
b
y
Go
o
g
le
C
h
r
o
m
e
I
n
b
o
th
ex
a
m
p
les,
it
was
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
eith
e
r
u
s
e
th
e
s
am
e
d
e
v
ice
o
r
t
h
e
s
am
e
ap
p
licatio
n
wh
ich
will
af
f
ec
t
th
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
ac
ce
p
t
an
ce
with
th
e
m
ass
es.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
th
e
i
d
ea
l
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
h
o
u
l
d
n
o
t
r
e
q
u
ir
e
b
o
th
in
d
iv
id
u
als
to
h
av
e
s
p
ec
ial
d
ev
ices
o
r
ap
p
licatio
n
s
to
wo
r
k
.
On
ly
t
h
e
p
er
s
o
n
wh
o
wan
t
s
to
p
r
ac
tice
s
o
cial
d
is
tan
cin
g
s
h
o
u
l
d
u
s
e
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
r
d
ev
ice.
T
h
e
s
m
ar
t
p
h
o
n
e
ca
n
p
lay
a
m
ajo
r
p
ar
t
in
th
is
s
o
lu
tio
n
b
u
t
,
th
er
e
ar
e
ch
allen
g
es to
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
s
u
c
h
as
th
e
o
r
ie
n
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
d
e
v
ice
an
d
m
u
lti
-
p
ath
o
f
th
e
s
ig
n
al.
4.
T
H
E
E
XP
E
R
I
M
E
N
T
An
ef
f
o
r
t
was
m
ad
e
t
o
ev
alu
a
te
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
o
r
ien
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
d
ev
ice
co
n
ce
r
n
in
g
th
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
es.
T
h
is
h
elp
s
to
lear
n
h
o
w
th
e
s
ig
n
al
g
ets
b
etter
wh
ile
u
s
in
g
t
h
is
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
s
o
cial
d
is
tan
cin
g
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
a
s
etu
p
was
m
ad
e
i
n
th
e
lab
o
r
a
to
r
y
,
a
s
o
lid
o
b
ject
(
Ob
j1
)
wa
s
p
lace
d
at
a
h
eig
h
t
o
f
0
.
5
m
ab
o
v
e
t
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
Ob
j1
was
ab
le
t
o
r
o
tate
at
3
6
0
°,
to
r
ec
o
r
d
t
h
e
s
am
p
le
r
ea
d
in
g
s
with
m
o
r
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l.
A
n
o
th
er
o
b
ject
(
Ob
j2
)
was
p
lace
d
at
a
d
is
tan
ce
o
f
1
.
5
m
awa
y
f
r
o
m
Ob
j1
.
Ob
j2
was
m
ain
tain
e
d
at
th
e
s
am
e
h
eig
h
t
(
0
.
5
m
)
ab
o
v
e
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
A
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
(
A)
(
SM
-
G9
7
0
F)
h
av
in
g
its
b
lu
eto
o
th
f
ea
tu
r
e
‘
O
N’
was
attac
h
ed
to
Ob
j1
.
An
o
t
h
er
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
(
B
)
(
SM
-
N9
8
1
B
)
also
h
a
v
in
g
its
b
lu
eto
o
th
f
ea
tu
r
e
‘
ON’
w
as
attac
h
ed
to
Ob
j
2
wh
ich
w
as
1
.
5
m
awa
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
A.
Sm
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
B
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
t
h
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
es
b
ein
g
r
ec
ei
v
ed
d
u
e
to
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
A.
T
h
e
R
SS
I
was
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
b
y
u
s
in
g
an
an
d
r
o
id
a
p
p
licatio
n
ca
lle
d
“BLE
s
ca
n
n
er
”
[
2
4
]
.
Mo
r
e
th
an
6
0
0
s
am
p
les
o
f
R
SS
I
v
alu
es
p
er
an
g
le
wer
e
c
o
llect
ed
b
ef
o
r
e
o
b
j1
was
r
o
tated
b
y
an
an
g
le
o
f
4
5
°
clo
ck
wis
e.
Ob
j1
was
r
o
tated
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
s
tep
a
n
g
le
o
f
4
5
°
(
i.
e.
,
0
°,
4
5
°,
9
0
°,
135°
,
…,
an
d
3
1
5
°)
(
3
6
0
°
=
0
°).
Fig
u
r
e
6
illu
s
tr
ates th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
s
etu
p
u
s
ed
f
o
r
co
llectin
g
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
.
Af
ter
co
llectio
n
o
f
R
SS
I
v
alu
e
at
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
an
g
le,
th
er
e
ar
o
s
e
a
n
ee
d
to
s
av
e
th
e
f
ile
o
n
th
e
co
m
p
u
ter
as
th
e
s
to
r
ag
e
o
n
t
h
e
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
wo
u
ld
o
v
er
wr
ite
th
e
f
ile
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
ea
r
lier
.
So
m
e
s
o
f
twar
e
w
as
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
s
m
o
o
th
u
p
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
d
ata
tr
a
n
s
f
er
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
to
PC
.
“
R
esil
io
S
y
n
c”
[
2
5
]
was
u
s
ed
to
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
ize
th
e
d
ata
b
etw
ee
n
th
e
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
an
d
PC
,
th
is
m
ad
e
th
e
an
aly
zin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
m
o
o
th
er
an
d
f
aster
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
E
va
lu
a
tin
g
a
n
d
r
o
i
d
s
ma
r
tp
h
o
n
e’
s
b
lu
eto
o
t
h
r
ec
eive
d
s
ig
n
a
l
s
tr
en
g
th
in
d
ica
to
r
… (
Ma
jid
F
a
leh
A
la
n
ezi
)
33
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
I
ll
u
s
tr
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
ex
p
er
im
en
t
al
s
etu
p
th
at
u
s
ed
to
c
o
llect
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
5.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
A
to
tal
o
f
5
3
0
0
s
am
p
le
r
ea
d
in
g
s
wer
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
at
a
f
i
x
ed
d
i
s
tan
ce
o
f
1
.
5
m
a
n
d
a
r
an
g
e
o
f
r
o
tatio
n
an
g
les
,
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
(
3
)
.
.
(
)
=
∑
(
=
1
)
(
3
)
W
h
er
e
A
vrg
.
R
SS
I
(
θ
)
is
th
e
a
v
er
ag
e
v
alu
e
a
t
θ
,
is
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
v
al
u
e
o
f
r
s
s
i
a
t
θ
an
d
α
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
ec
o
r
d
s
.
Ou
t
o
f
th
ese
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
,
6
2
2
s
am
p
les
o
f
R
SS
I
v
alu
es
wer
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
at
a
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
o
f
0
°,
t
h
is
co
n
tr
ib
u
ted
to
a
n
a
v
er
ag
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
-
6
2
.
6
2
d
B
m
.
6
7
8
s
am
p
l
es
o
f
R
SS
I
v
alu
es
wer
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
at
t
h
e
an
g
le
o
f
4
5
°,
th
e
av
er
a
g
e
v
al
u
e
f
o
r
th
i
s
s
tep
ap
p
ea
r
e
d
to
b
e
-
6
4
.
9
6
d
B
m
.
An
av
e
r
ag
e
o
f
-
6
4
.
5
9
d
B
m
was
ca
lcu
lated
with
th
e
h
elp
o
f
6
0
5
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
s
am
p
les
o
f
th
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
es
at
a
r
o
tated
an
g
le
o
f
9
0
°.
At
a
r
o
tated
an
g
le
o
f
1
3
5
°,
7
8
4
s
am
p
les
o
f
R
SS
I
h
ad
b
ee
n
co
llected
wh
ic
h
g
a
v
e
r
is
e
to
an
a
v
er
ag
e
s
ig
n
al
v
al
u
e
o
f
-
6
7
.
4
5
d
B
m
.
W
h
er
ea
s
at
an
an
g
le
o
f
1
8
0
°
th
e
av
e
r
ag
e
v
alu
e
o
f
R
SS
I
r
em
ain
ed
at
-
6
6
.
2
4
d
B
m
,
th
is
was
b
ased
o
n
7
0
3
s
am
p
les r
ea
d
in
g
s
.
An
av
er
ag
e
v
alu
e
o
f
-
6
5
.
4
4
d
B
m
was
o
b
tain
ed
f
o
r
a
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
2
2
5
°,
a
n
d
th
is
was b
ased
o
n
6
1
8
s
am
p
les
o
f
R
SS
I
v
alu
es.
At
2
7
0
°
s
am
p
les
o
f
6
5
7
wer
e
co
llected
an
d
co
n
tr
i
b
u
te
d
to
a
n
av
er
ag
e
o
f
-
6
5
.
9
1
d
B
m
.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
R
SS
I
av
er
a
g
ed
with
-
6
6
.
8
8
d
B
m
an
d
wa
s
d
u
e
to
s
am
p
les
o
f
6
3
4
wer
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
at
3
1
5
°.
T
h
is
v
ar
iatio
n
is
d
u
e
to
th
e
s
en
s
itiv
ity
to
th
e
o
r
ien
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
d
ev
ice,
s
o
if
we
wan
t to
u
s
e
th
e
R
SS
I
f
o
r
s
o
cia
l
d
is
tan
cin
g
with
th
e
t
h
r
ee
p
r
in
cip
les
in
m
in
d
(
n
o
co
s
t,
p
r
i
v
a
cy
p
r
o
tectio
n
,
a
n
d
ac
ce
s
s
b
y
a
n
y
o
n
e
)
.
W
e
n
ee
d
to
h
av
e
a
v
alu
e
o
f
t
h
e
R
SS
I
th
at
r
esp
o
n
d
ed
to
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
d
e
s
ir
ed
(
1
.
5
m
)
.
Af
ter
c
o
llectin
g
th
e
s
am
p
les
o
f
th
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
e
an
d
an
aly
zin
g
th
e
m
.
T
h
e
g
r
an
d
av
er
a
g
e
(
GV)
is
-
6
5
.
5
1
d
B
m
wh
ich
ca
n
g
i
v
e
an
e
s
tim
atio
n
o
f
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
s
o
w
e
ca
n
u
s
e
it
as
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
to
an
y
a
p
p
licatio
n
to
aler
t th
e
u
s
er
,
r
e
p
r
esen
te
d
b
y
(
4
)
.
.
=
∑
1
(
1
=
1
)
+
∑
2
(
2
=
1
)
+
⋯
+
∑
(
=
1
)
1
+
2
+
⋯
+
(
4
)
W
h
er
e
.
is
th
e
g
r
an
d
a
v
er
ag
e,
is
th
e
r
o
tated
an
g
le
in
d
eg
r
ee
,
an
d
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
s
am
p
les
f
o
r
ea
ch
a
n
g
le
(
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
s
7
-
14
ar
e
s
et
o
f
s
ca
tter
ch
a
r
t
s
f
o
r
all
th
e
an
g
les
s
tu
d
ie
d
in
t
h
is
ex
p
er
im
e
n
t
th
at
illu
s
tr
ate
th
e
ef
f
ec
t o
f
t
h
e
o
r
ien
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
d
ev
ice
s
tar
tin
g
f
r
o
m
0
° to
3
1
5
°,
(
3
6
0
°
=
0
°)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
1
,
M
ar
c
h
20
22
:
29
-
37
34
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
es a
t r
o
tatio
n
o
f
0
°
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
T
h
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
e
at
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
4
5
°
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
T
h
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
es a
t
th
e
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
9
0
°
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
T
h
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
es a
t
th
e
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
1
3
5
°
-67
-66
-65
-64
-63
-62
-61
-60
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
R
S
S
I
V
al
u
e
s
d
Bm
S
am
p
l
es
R
SSI
@
1
.
5
m
(d
B
m)
a
t
0
°
RS
S
I
@
1.5
m (d
Bm)
at
0°
A
ve
r
ag
e
-70
-69
-68
-67
-66
-65
-64
-63
-62
-61
-60
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
R
S
S
I
V
al
u
e
s
d
Bm
S
amp
l
e
s
R
SSI
@
1
.
5
m
(
d
Bm)
a
t
45
°
R
S
S
I
@
1.5 m
(
d
Bm
)
at 45°
A
ve
rag
e
-72
-71
-70
-69
-68
-67
-66
-65
-64
-63
-62
-61
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
R
S
S
I
V
al
u
e
s
d
Bm
S
amp
l
e
s
R
SSI
@
1
.
5
m
(
d
Bm)
a
t
90
°
RS
S
I
@
1.5 m
(d
Bm)
at 9
0°
A
ve
rag
e
-76
-74
-72
-70
-68
-66
-64
-62
-60
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
R
S
S
I
V
al
u
e
s
d
Bm
S
amp
l
e
s
R
SSI
@
1
.
5
m
(
d
Bm)
a
t
135
°
R
S
S
I
@
1.5 m
(
d
Bm
)
at 135°
A
ve
r
ag
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
E
va
lu
a
tin
g
a
n
d
r
o
i
d
s
ma
r
tp
h
o
n
e’
s
b
lu
eto
o
t
h
r
ec
eive
d
s
ig
n
a
l
s
tr
en
g
th
in
d
ica
to
r
… (
Ma
jid
F
a
leh
A
la
n
ezi
)
35
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
T
h
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
es a
t
th
e
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
1
8
0
°
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
T
h
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
es a
t
th
e
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
2
2
5
°
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
.
T
h
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
e
at
t
h
e
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
2
7
0
°
Fig
u
r
e
1
4
.
T
h
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
es a
t
th
e
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
3
1
5
°
-72
-70
-68
-66
-64
-62
-60
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
R
S
S
I
V
al
u
e
s
d
Bm
S
amp
l
e
s
R
SSI
@
1
.
5
m
(
d
Bm)
a
t
180
°
R
S
S
I
@
1.5 m
(
d
Bm
)
at 180°
A
ve
r
ag
e
-70
-69
-68
-67
-66
-65
-64
-63
-62
-61
-60
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
R
S
S
I
V
al
u
e
s
d
Bm
S
amp
l
e
s
R
SSI
@
1
.
5
m
(
d
Bm)
a
t
225
°
R
S
S
I
@
1.5 m
(
d
Bm
)
at 225°
A
ve
r
ag
e
-76
-74
-72
-70
-68
-66
-64
-62
-60
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
R
S
S
I
V
al
u
e
s
d
Bm
S
amp
l
e
s
R
SSI
@
1
.
5
m
(
d
Bm)
a
t
270
°
R
S
S
I
@
1.5 m
(
d
Bm
)
at 270°
A
ve
r
ag
e
-74
-72
-70
-68
-66
-64
-62
-60
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
R
S
S
I
V
al
u
e
s
d
Bm
S
amp
l
e
s
R
SSI
@
1
.
5
m
(
d
Bm)
a
t
315
°
R
S
S
I
@
1.5 m
(
d
Bm
)
at 315°
A
ve
r
ag
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
1
4
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
1
,
M
ar
c
h
20
22
:
29
-
37
36
W
e
also
s
ee
th
at
ea
ch
an
g
le
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as a
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
o
f
th
e
g
r
an
d
av
er
ag
e
(
-
6
5
.
5
1
d
B
m
)
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
u
m
m
a
r
ized
in
th
is
T
ab
le
2
.
T
ab
le
2
.
Su
m
m
a
r
izatio
n
o
f
th
e
av
er
ag
es a
n
d
g
r
a
n
d
av
e
r
ag
e
θ
A
n
g
l
e
a
v
e
r
a
g
e
dBm
%
o
f
g
r
a
n
d
a
v
e
r
a
g
e
0°
-
6
2
.
6
2
9
5
.
5
9
%
45°
-
6
4
.
9
6
9
9
.
1
6
%
90°
-
6
4
.
5
9
9
8
.
5
9
%
1
3
5
°
-
6
7
.
4
5
1
0
2
.
9
5
%
1
8
0
°
-
6
6
.
2
4
1
0
1
.
1
1
%
2
2
5
°
-
6
5
.
4
4
9
9
.
8
9
%
2
7
0
°
-
6
5
.
9
1
1
0
0
.
6
1
%
3
1
5
°
-
6
6
.
8
8
1
0
2
.
1
0
%
G
r
a
n
d
a
v
e
r
a
g
e
-
6
5
.
5
1
1
0
0
%
6.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
ex
p
er
im
en
t
was
s
et
u
p
to
s
tu
d
y
th
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
b
lu
eto
o
th
f
o
r
s
o
cial
d
is
tan
cin
g
a
n
d
r
aisi
n
g
an
aler
t.
T
h
e
e
x
p
er
im
e
n
t
co
v
e
r
ed
a
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
r
o
tatio
n
al
s
tr
ateg
ies
to
co
v
er
u
p
p
o
s
s
ib
le
s
ig
n
al
s
tr
en
g
th
s
.
T
h
is
co
n
f
ir
m
s
th
e
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
th
e
o
r
ien
tatio
n
o
f
s
m
a
r
tp
h
o
n
es
to
t
h
e
R
SS
I
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
u
s
in
g
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es.
T
h
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
e
is
n
o
t
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
d
ir
ec
tly
r
ath
er
a
s
p
ec
ial
co
d
e
wa
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e.
T
h
e
s
o
cial
d
is
tan
cin
g
u
n
d
er
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
m
ay
b
e
co
m
e
ev
en
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icie
n
t
if
th
e
R
SS
I
v
alu
es
ar
e
d
i
s
p
lay
ed
d
ir
ec
tly
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
b
en
ef
it
is
,
s
u
ch
m
ea
s
u
r
es
w
o
u
ld
b
e
th
at
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
t
o
f
b
o
th
th
e
u
s
er
s
f
o
r
th
e
s
am
e
ap
p
licatio
n
is
elim
in
ated
.
W
e
s
h
o
wed
th
e
g
r
an
d
av
e
r
ag
e
o
f
th
e
R
SS
I
at
1
.
5
m
,
it
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
ca
lib
r
at
e
o
th
er
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
is
ex
p
er
im
en
t m
o
d
u
le
c
an
b
e
s
ca
led
u
p
to
c
o
v
er
m
o
r
e
b
lu
e
to
o
th
d
e
v
ices a
n
d
m
o
r
e
o
r
ie
n
tatio
n
ax
es.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
C
.
R
.
D
e
n
n
i
s
o
n
H
i
mm
e
l
f
a
r
b
a
n
d
D
.
B
a
p
t
i
st
e
,
“
C
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
d
i
se
a
se
(
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
)
:
i
mp
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
f
o
r
c
a
r
d
i
o
v
a
s
c
u
l
a
r
a
n
d
s
o
c
i
a
l
l
y
at
-
r
i
sk
p
o
p
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
”
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
C
a
r
d
i
o
v
a
sc
u
l
a
r
N
u
rsi
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
3
5
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
1
8
–
3
2
1
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
9
7
/
JC
N
.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
1
0
.
[
2
]
W
o
r
l
d
H
e
a
l
t
h
O
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
“
A
d
v
i
c
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
u
b
l
i
c
:
c
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
(
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
)
,
”
W
o
rl
d
H
e
a
l
t
h
O
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
2
0
2
1
.
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
w
h
o
.
i
n
t
/
e
mer
g
e
n
c
i
e
s
/
d
i
s
e
a
ses
/
n
o
v
e
l
-
c
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
-
2
0
1
9
/
a
d
v
i
c
e
-
f
o
r
-
p
u
b
l
i
c
(
a
c
c
e
ss
e
d
Ja
n
.
1
5
,
2
0
2
2
)
.
[
3
]
W
o
r
l
d
H
e
a
l
t
h
O
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
“
C
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
d
i
se
a
se
(
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
)
:
sma
l
l
p
u
b
l
i
c
g
a
t
h
e
r
i
n
g
s,”
Wo
r
l
d
H
e
a
l
t
h
O
r
g
a
n
i
za
t
i
o
n
,
2
0
2
0
.
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
w
h
o
.
i
n
t
/
e
mer
g
e
n
c
i
e
s
/
d
i
s
e
a
ses
/
n
o
v
e
l
-
c
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
-
2
0
1
9
/
q
u
e
s
t
i
o
n
-
a
n
d
-
a
n
sw
e
r
s
-
h
u
b
/
q
-
a
-
d
e
t
a
i
l
/
c
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
-
d
i
se
a
se
-
c
o
v
i
d
-
19
-
sma
l
l
-
p
u
b
l
i
c
-
g
a
t
h
e
r
i
n
g
s (a
c
c
e
sse
d
Ja
n
.
1
5
,
2
0
2
2
)
.
[
4
]
W
o
r
l
d
H
e
a
l
t
h
O
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
“
W
h
e
n
a
n
d
h
o
w
t
o
u
s
e
mask
s
,
”
W
o
rl
d
H
e
a
l
t
h
O
r
g
a
n
i
za
t
i
o
n
,
2
0
2
0
.
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
w
h
o
.
i
n
t
/
e
mer
g
e
n
c
i
e
s
/
d
i
s
e
a
ses
/
n
o
v
e
l
-
c
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
-
2
0
1
9
/
a
d
v
i
c
e
-
f
o
r
-
p
u
b
l
i
c
/
w
h
e
n
-
a
n
d
-
h
o
w
-
to
-
u
s
e
-
mas
k
s
(
a
c
c
e
ss
e
d
Ja
n
.
1
5
,
2
0
2
2
)
.
[
5
]
W
o
r
l
d
H
e
a
l
t
h
O
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
“
C
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
d
i
s
e
a
se
(
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
)
,
”
Wo
rl
d
H
e
a
l
t
h
O
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
2
0
2
1
.
h
t
t
p
s:
/
/
w
w
w
.
w
h
o
.
i
n
t
/
h
e
a
l
t
h
-
t
o
p
i
c
s/
c
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
#
t
a
b
=
t
a
b
_
2
(
a
c
c
e
ss
e
d
J
a
n
.
1
5
,
2
0
2
2
)
.
[
6
]
M
.
G
r
e
e
n
st
o
n
e
a
n
d
V
.
N
i
g
a
m
,
“
D
o
e
s
so
c
i
a
l
d
i
st
a
n
c
i
n
g
m
a
t
t
e
r
?
,
”
C
h
i
c
a
g
o
,
2
0
2
0
.
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
2
1
3
9
/
ssr
n
.
3
5
6
1
2
4
4
.
[
7
]
M
.
W
.
F
o
n
g
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
N
o
n
p
h
a
r
ma
c
e
u
t
i
c
a
l
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
s
f
o
r
p
a
n
d
e
mi
c
i
n
f
l
u
e
n
z
a
i
n
n
o
n
h
e
a
l
t
h
c
a
r
e
se
t
t
i
n
g
s
-
so
c
i
a
l
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
i
n
g
me
a
su
r
e
s,”
Em
e
rg
i
n
g
I
n
f
e
c
t
i
o
u
s
D
i
s
e
a
s
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
2
6
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
9
7
6
–
9
8
4
,
M
a
y
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
2
0
1
/
e
i
d
2
6
0
5
.
1
9
0
9
9
5
.
[
8
]
J.
K
.
K
e
l
so
,
G
.
J.
M
i
l
n
e
,
a
n
d
H
.
K
e
l
l
y
,
“
S
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
u
g
g
e
st
s
t
h
a
t
r
a
p
i
d
a
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
s
o
c
i
a
l
d
i
st
a
n
c
i
n
g
c
a
n
a
r
r
e
st
e
p
i
d
e
m
i
c
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
d
u
e
t
o
a
n
o
v
e
l
st
r
a
i
n
o
f
i
n
f
l
u
e
n
z
a
,
”
BM
C
P
u
b
l
i
c
H
e
a
l
t
h
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
p
p
.
1
–
1
0
,
2
0
0
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
8
6
/
1
4
7
1
-
2
4
5
8
-
9
-
1
1
7
.
[
9
]
H
a
r
v
a
r
d
M
e
d
i
c
a
l
S
c
h
o
o
l
,
“
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
sp
r
e
a
d
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
,
”
H
a
r
v
a
r
d
H
e
a
l
t
h
Pu
b
l
i
s
h
i
n
g
,
2
0
2
0
.
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
h
e
a
l
t
h
.
h
a
r
v
a
r
d
.
e
d
u
/
d
i
s
e
a
ses
-
a
n
d
-
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
/
p
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
n
g
-
t
h
e
-
sp
r
e
a
d
-
of
-
t
h
e
-
c
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s.
[
1
0
]
C
.
C
o
u
r
t
e
ma
n
c
h
e
,
J
.
G
a
r
u
c
c
i
o
,
A
.
L
e
,
J
.
P
i
n
k
st
o
n
,
a
n
d
A
.
Y
e
l
o
w
i
t
z
,
“
S
t
r
o
n
g
s
o
c
i
a
l
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
i
n
g
mea
s
u
r
e
s
i
n
t
h
e
u
n
i
t
e
d
s
t
a
t
e
s
r
e
d
u
c
e
d
t
h
e
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
g
r
o
w
t
h
r
a
t
e
,
”
H
e
a
l
t
h
A
f
f
a
i
rs
,
v
o
l
.
3
9
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
1
2
3
7
–
1
2
4
6
,
Ju
l
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
3
7
7
/
h
l
t
h
a
f
f
.
2
0
2
0
.
0
0
6
0
8
.
[
1
1
]
N
.
M
.
F
e
r
g
u
s
o
n
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
S
t
r
a
t
e
g
i
e
s
f
o
r
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
i
n
g
a
n
e
mer
g
i
n
g
i
n
f
l
u
e
n
z
a
p
a
n
d
e
m
i
c
i
n
S
o
u
t
h
e
a
s
t
A
si
a
,
”
N
a
t
u
r
e
,
v
o
l
.
4
3
7
,
n
o
.
7
0
5
6
,
p
p
.
2
0
9
–
2
1
4
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
0
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
3
8
/
n
a
t
u
r
e
0
4
0
1
7
.
[
1
2
]
Eu
r
o
p
e
a
n
C
e
n
t
r
e
f
o
r
D
i
s
e
a
s
e
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
“
C
o
n
s
i
d
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
r
e
l
a
t
i
n
g
t
o
s
o
c
i
a
l
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
i
n
g
mea
s
u
r
e
s
i
n
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
t
o
t
h
e
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
e
p
i
d
e
mi
c
,
”
S
t
o
c
k
h
o
l
m,
2
0
2
0
.
[
O
n
l
i
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
:
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
e
c
d
c
.
e
u
r
o
p
a
.
e
u
/
si
t
e
s
/
d
e
f
a
u
l
t
/
f
i
l
e
s
/
d
o
c
u
men
t
s/
c
o
v
i
d
-
19
-
g
u
i
d
e
-
f
o
r
-
so
c
i
a
l
-
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
i
n
g
-
me
a
su
r
e
s
-
sec
o
n
d
-
u
p
d
a
t
e
-
r
e
v
2
0
2
1
.
p
d
f
.
[
1
3
]
O
.
B
.
C
a
n
o
,
S
.
C
.
M
o
r
a
l
e
s,
a
n
d
C
.
B
e
n
d
t
se
n
,
“
C
o
v
i
d
-
1
9
m
o
d
e
l
l
i
n
g
:
t
h
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
s
o
c
i
a
l
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
i
n
g
,
”
I
n
t
e
r
d
i
sci
p
l
i
n
a
r
y
Pe
rsp
e
c
t
i
v
e
s
o
n
I
n
f
e
c
t
i
o
u
s
D
i
se
a
ses
,
v
o
l
.
2
0
2
0
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
5
/
2
0
2
0
/
2
0
4
1
7
4
3
.
[
1
4
]
To
ma
s
P
u
e
y
o
,
“
C
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s:
w
h
y
y
o
u
mu
s
t
a
c
t
n
o
w
,
”
2
0
2
0
.
h
t
t
p
s:
/
/
t
o
m
a
sp
u
e
y
o
.
me
d
i
u
m
.
c
o
m/
c
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
-
a
c
t
-
t
o
d
a
y
-
or
-
p
e
o
p
l
e
-
w
i
l
l
-
d
i
e
-
f
4
d
3
d
9
c
d
9
9
c
a
.
[
1
5
]
L.
M
a
o
,
“
A
g
e
n
t
-
b
a
se
d
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
w
e
e
k
e
n
d
-
e
x
t
e
n
si
o
n
s
t
r
a
t
e
g
i
e
s
t
o
m
i
t
i
g
a
t
e
i
n
f
l
u
e
n
z
a
o
u
t
b
r
e
a
k
s,”
B
MC
P
u
b
l
i
c
H
e
a
l
t
h
,
v
o
l
.
1
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
–
1
0
,
Ju
n
.
2
0
1
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
8
6
/
1
4
7
1
-
2
4
5
8
-
11
-
5
2
2
.
[
1
6
]
C
.
T
.
N
g
u
y
e
n
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
En
a
b
l
i
n
g
a
n
d
e
merg
i
n
g
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
f
o
r
s
o
c
i
a
l
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
i
n
g
:
a
c
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
si
v
e
su
r
v
e
y
,
”
a
rXi
v
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
p
p
.
1
5
3
4
7
9
–
1
5
3
5
0
7
,
2
0
2
0
.
[
1
7
]
B
l
u
e
t
o
o
t
h
,
“
B
l
u
e
t
o
o
t
h
®
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
w
e
b
s
i
t
e
,
”
Bl
u
e
t
o
o
t
h
.
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
b
l
u
e
t
o
o
t
h
.
c
o
m/
(
a
c
c
e
ss
e
d
Ju
n
.
2
9
,
2
0
2
1
)
.
[
1
8
]
B
l
u
e
t
o
o
t
h
,
“
2
0
2
1
mar
k
e
t
u
p
d
a
t
e
,
”
Bl
u
e
t
o
o
t
h
,
2
0
2
1
.
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
b
l
u
e
t
o
o
t
h
.
c
o
m/
w
p
-
c
o
n
t
e
n
t
/
u
p
l
o
a
d
s/
2
0
2
1
/
0
1
/
2
0
2
1
-
B
l
u
e
t
o
o
t
h
_
M
a
r
k
e
t
_
U
p
d
a
t
e
.
p
d
f
(
a
c
c
e
s
sed
Ju
n
.
2
9
,
2
0
2
1
)
.
[
1
9
]
A
u
st
r
a
l
i
a
n
G
o
v
e
r
n
me
n
t
D
e
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
H
e
a
l
t
h
,
“
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
y
o
u
r
s
e
l
f
a
n
d
o
t
h
e
r
s
f
r
o
m
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
,
”
A
u
st
r
a
l
i
a
n
G
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
D
e
p
a
rt
m
e
n
t
o
f
H
e
a
l
t
h
.
h
t
t
p
s:
/
/
w
w
w
.
h
e
a
l
t
h
.
g
o
v
.
a
u
/
n
e
w
s/
h
e
a
l
t
h
-
a
l
e
r
t
s
/
n
o
v
e
l
-
c
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
-
2
0
1
9
-
n
c
o
v
-
h
e
a
l
t
h
-
a
l
e
r
t
/
h
o
w
-
to
-
p
r
o
t
e
c
t
-
y
o
u
r
se
l
f
-
a
n
d
-
o
t
h
e
r
s
-
f
r
o
m
-
c
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
-
c
o
v
i
d
-
1
9
/
p
h
y
s
i
c
a
l
-
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
i
n
g
-
f
o
r
-
c
o
r
o
n
a
v
i
r
u
s
-
c
o
v
i
d
-
1
9
(
a
c
c
e
sse
d
Ju
n
.
2
8
,
2
0
2
1
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
E
va
lu
a
tin
g
a
n
d
r
o
i
d
s
ma
r
tp
h
o
n
e’
s
b
lu
eto
o
t
h
r
ec
eive
d
s
ig
n
a
l
s
tr
en
g
th
in
d
ica
to
r
… (
Ma
jid
F
a
leh
A
la
n
ezi
)
37
[
2
0
]
Y
.
B
o
u
ssa
d
,
M
.
N
.
M
a
h
f
o
u
d
i
,
A
.
L
e
g
o
u
t
,
L.
L
i
z
z
i
,
F
.
F
e
r
r
e
r
o
,
a
n
d
W
.
D
a
b
b
o
u
s,
“
Ev
a
l
u
a
t
i
n
g
sm
a
r
t
p
h
o
n
e
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
f
o
r
R
S
S
I
mea
s
u
r
e
me
n
t
s,”
I
EEE
T
ra
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
I
n
st
r
u
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
M
e
a
s
u
rem
e
n
t
,
v
o
l
.
7
0
,
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
TI
M
.
2
0
2
0
.
3
0
4
8
7
7
6
.
[
2
1
]
K
.
R
.
T
i
w
a
r
i
,
I
.
S
i
n
g
h
a
l
,
a
n
d
A
.
M
i
t
t
a
l
,
“
S
mart
s
o
c
i
a
l
d
i
st
a
n
c
i
n
g
so
l
u
t
i
o
n
u
si
n
g
b
l
u
e
t
o
o
t
h
®
l
o
w
e
n
e
r
g
y
,
”
i
n
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
2
0
2
0
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
C
o
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
,
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
S
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
,
I
C
C
C
S
2
0
2
0
,
O
c
t
.
2
0
2
0
,
p
p
.
1
–
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
C
C
C
S
4
9
6
7
8
.
2
0
2
0
.
9
2
7
7
1
7
5
.
[
2
2
]
S
TM
i
c
r
o
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
,
“
B
l
u
e
N
R
G
-
2
-
P
r
o
g
r
a
mm
a
b
l
e
B
l
u
e
t
o
o
t
h
®
LE
5
.
2
W
i
r
e
l
e
ss
S
o
C
,
”
S
T
Mi
c
r
o
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
.
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
st
.
c
o
m/
e
n
/
w
i
r
e
l
e
ss
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
/
b
l
u
e
n
r
g
-
2
.
h
t
ml
(
a
c
c
e
sse
d
J
u
n
.
2
4
,
2
0
2
1
)
.
[
2
3
]
S
.
K
u
m
a
r
,
V
.
G
a
u
t
a
m
,
A
.
K
u
mar,
a
n
d
P
.
K
u
m
a
r
i
,
“
S
o
c
i
a
l
d
i
st
a
n
c
i
n
g
u
s
i
n
g
b
l
u
e
t
o
o
t
h
l
o
w
e
n
e
r
g
y
t
o
p
r
e
v
e
n
t
t
h
e
s
p
r
e
a
d
o
f
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
,
”
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
C
o
n
f
l
u
e
n
c
e
2
0
2
1
:
1
1
t
h
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
C
l
o
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
,
D
a
t
a
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
,
p
p
.
5
6
3
–
5
6
7
,
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
C
o
n
f
l
u
e
n
c
e
5
1
6
4
8
.
2
0
2
1
.
9
3
7
7
0
9
6
.
[
2
4
]
B
l
u
e
p
i
x
e
l
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s,
“
P
r
o
x
i
mi
t
y
mark
e
t
i
n
g
s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
,
I
O
T
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
,
B
LE,
i
B
e
a
c
o
n
&
Ed
d
y
S
t
o
n
e
,
”
B
l
u
e
p
i
x
e
l
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
.
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
b
l
u
e
p
i
x
e
l
t
e
c
h
.
c
o
m
/
(
a
c
c
e
ssed
Ju
l
.
0
1
,
2
0
2
1
)
.
[
2
5
]
R
e
si
l
i
o
,
“
R
e
s
i
l
i
o
f
i
l
e
S
y
n
c
so
f
t
w
a
r
e
|
u
n
i
f
y
,
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
a
n
d
a
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
e
g
l
o
b
a
l
e
n
t
e
r
p
r
i
se
f
i
l
e
w
o
r
k
f
l
o
w
s
,
”
R
e
si
l
i
o
,
2
0
2
1
.
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
r
e
si
l
i
o
.
c
o
m/
(
a
c
c
e
ss
e
d
J
u
n
.
3
0
,
2
0
2
1
)
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S O
F
AUTH
O
RS
Ma
jid
Fa
leh
Ala
n
e
z
i
is
a
m
a
ste
r
stu
d
e
n
t
in
c
o
m
m
u
n
c
ti
o
n
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
u
n
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Ha
il
,
S
a
u
d
i
Ara
b
ia.
He
g
o
t
h
is
b
a
c
h
e
lo
r
in
U
n
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Ha
il
in
2
0
1
6
.
He
is
in
tere
st
in
wire
les
s lo
c
a
tain
g
sy
ste
m
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
e
n
g
.
m
a
ji
d
.
f
@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Mu
h
a
m
m
a
d
Ta
ja
m
m
a
l
Chu
g
h
ta
i
Dr.
Ch
u
g
h
tai
e
a
rn
e
d
h
is
P
h
D
d
e
g
re
e
in
1
9
9
5
fro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
M
a
n
c
h
e
ste
r,
M
a
n
c
h
e
ste
r,
En
g
lan
d
.
He
se
rv
e
d
th
e
sa
m
e
u
n
iv
e
rsity
twice
a
s
re
se
a
rc
h
a
ss
o
c
iate
a
n
d
a
s
a
p
ro
jec
t
o
ffice
r.
Ap
a
rt
fro
m
th
is
h
e
a
lso
se
rv
e
d
a
t
a
ra
n
g
e
o
f
u
n
iv
e
rsiti
e
s
in
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
ll
y
in
c
o
u
n
tri
e
s
o
f
M
a
lay
sia
a
n
d
P
a
k
istan
.
At
p
re
se
n
t
h
e
is
se
rv
in
g
a
t
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Ha
il
,
Ha
il
,
S
a
u
d
i
Ara
b
ia.
He
p
o
ss
e
ss
e
s
a
wid
e
ra
n
g
e
o
f
tea
c
h
in
g
a
n
d
re
se
a
rc
h
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
in
th
e
field
s
su
c
h
a
s
e
lec
tro
n
ics
,
las
e
r,
tec
h
n
ica
l
tex
ti
les
a
n
d
in
stru
m
e
n
tatio
n
.
He
h
a
s
se
rv
e
d
a
s
As
sista
n
t
De
a
n
,
He
a
d
o
f
De
p
a
rtme
n
t,
re
sp
o
n
sib
il
it
ies
to
p
ro
c
u
re
m
e
n
t,
fa
c
u
lt
y
h
iri
n
g
,
re
fe
re
e
in
g
re
se
a
rc
h
p
a
p
e
rs,
a
n
d
q
u
a
li
ty
a
ss
u
ra
n
c
e
.
He
is
a
s
e
n
io
r
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
IEE
E
(USA),
fu
ll
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
IET
(Lo
n
d
o
n
)
,
a
n
d
li
fe
ti
m
e
p
ro
fe
ss
io
n
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
r
(P
E)
sta
tu
s
P
a
k
istan
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Co
u
n
c
il
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
m
t.
c
h
u
g
h
tai@u
o
h
.
e
d
u
.
sa
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.