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i
d
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
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ca
s
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s
ex
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b
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in
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t
h
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li
m
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ts
a
n
d
q
u
ite
alar
m
i
n
g
[
1]
.
T
h
is
is
s
u
p
p
o
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ted
b
y
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esear
ch
s
h
o
w
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2
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at
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2
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3
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ev
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[
6
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.
T
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ter
e
s
t
an
d
lack
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
ad
o
lesce
n
ts
ab
o
u
t
p
r
em
ar
ital
s
ex
u
al
b
eh
av
io
r
,
co
u
p
led
w
it
h
a
la
ck
o
f
f
a
m
il
y
o
p
en
n
e
s
s
i
n
d
i
s
cu
s
s
i
n
g
s
e
x
u
a
l
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
i
s
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
teen
ag
er
s
f
al
l in
to
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
p
r
em
ar
ital
s
ex
u
al
b
eh
a
v
io
r
[
1
0
]
.
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
ed
is
p
o
s
in
g
f
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
a
r
is
k
y
p
r
eg
n
a
n
c
y
.
L
e
s
s
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
r
lim
i
ted
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
ab
o
u
t
h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
p
r
eg
n
an
c
ies
a
n
d
th
e
d
a
n
g
er
s
th
at
w
ill
b
e
ex
p
er
ie
n
ce
d
,
w
i
ll
also
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
in
cid
e
n
ce
o
f
h
i
g
h
-
r
is
k
p
r
eg
n
an
c
y
,
b
eh
a
v
io
r
al
an
d
s
o
cio
e
co
n
o
m
ic
also
af
f
ec
t
th
e
r
is
k
s
in
p
r
eg
n
an
c
y
[
1
1
,
12]
.
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
an
d
p
r
ac
tice
at
th
e
ad
o
lescen
t
s
ta
g
e
w
ill
b
e
th
e
b
asi
s
o
f
h
ea
lt
h
y
b
eh
a
v
io
r
at
a
later
s
ta
g
e
i
n
li
f
e.
T
h
u
s
,
in
v
esti
n
g
i
n
ad
o
lesce
n
t
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
ea
lt
h
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
d
u
r
in
g
li
f
e
w
ill
b
e
b
en
ef
icia
l
[
13
]
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
2
0
1
2
I
DHS
KR
R
s
h
o
ws
th
e
lev
el
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
ad
o
lescen
ts
ab
o
u
t
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
ea
lth
i
s
s
til
l
lo
w
w
it
h
t
h
e
r
esu
lt
s
o
f
7
3
.
4
6
%
o
f
ad
o
lescen
t
b
o
y
s
an
d
7
5
.
6
%
o
f
ad
o
lescen
t
g
ir
l
s
ag
ed
1
5
-
1
9
y
ea
r
s
i
n
I
n
d
o
n
esia
d
o
n
o
t
k
n
o
w
e
n
o
u
g
h
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
ab
o
u
t
r
ep
r
o
d
u
cti
v
e
h
ea
lt
h
[
1
4
]
.
Ma
n
y
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
w
ill
a
r
is
e
d
u
e
to
ig
n
o
r
in
g
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
ea
l
th
.
P
r
o
b
lem
s
ar
is
in
g
f
r
o
m
lac
k
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
ea
lt
h
ar
e
u
n
wan
ted
p
r
eg
n
a
n
c
y
,
ab
o
r
tio
n
,
ea
r
l
y
m
ar
r
ia
g
e
an
d
m
ar
r
iag
e,
ST
I
s
o
r
S
T
Ds
an
d
HI
V/
A
I
D
S
[
1
5
]
.
B
asic
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
th
at
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
g
iv
en
to
ad
o
lescen
ts
i
n
clu
d
e
s
th
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
an
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
(
asp
ec
ts
o
f
ad
o
lescen
t
g
r
o
w
th
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t)
an
d
also
w
h
y
ad
o
lescen
ts
n
ee
d
to
m
a
tu
r
e
th
eir
m
ar
r
ia
g
e
ag
e
a
n
d
h
o
w
to
p
lan
a
p
r
eg
n
a
n
c
y
to
s
u
it
t
h
eir
d
esire
s
an
d
p
ar
tn
er
s
to
av
o
id
r
is
k
y
p
r
eg
n
a
n
cies.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
is
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
co
n
ti
n
u
in
g
o
f
f
s
p
r
in
g
w
h
ic
h
i
s
th
e
j
o
in
t
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
il
it
y
o
f
b
o
th
m
en
a
n
d
w
o
m
e
n
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
b
o
th
y
o
u
n
g
m
e
n
a
n
d
w
o
m
en
m
u
s
t
k
n
o
w
a
n
d
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
ab
o
u
t v
ar
io
u
s
asp
e
cts o
f
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
ea
l
th
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
av
o
id
i
n
g
r
is
k
y
p
r
eg
n
a
n
c
ies
[
16
]
.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
er
a
o
f
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tio
n
an
d
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
g
lo
b
aliza
tio
n
,
ad
o
lescen
ts
ca
n
ea
s
i
l
y
ac
ce
s
s
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
v
ar
io
u
s
p
a
r
ts
o
f
th
e
w
o
r
ld
w
ith
d
i
v
er
s
e
cu
lt
u
r
al
p
atter
n
s
,
s
o
t
h
at
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
itie
s
f
o
r
ad
o
lescen
ts
to
b
e
co
n
tam
i
n
ate
d
w
i
th
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ar
e
o
f
t
en
e
v
en
co
n
tr
ad
icto
r
y
o
r
ev
en
co
n
tr
ar
y
to
th
e
cu
lt
u
r
e
o
f
th
eir
o
w
n
co
m
m
u
n
i
ties
.
I
n
th
is
co
n
d
itio
n
,
w
it
h
o
u
t
ad
eq
u
ate
g
u
id
an
ce
a
n
d
ass
is
ta
n
ce
,
ad
o
lescen
ts
w
ill
b
e
ea
s
il
y
a
f
f
ec
ted
b
y
m
is
lead
in
g
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
n
d
ca
r
r
ied
b
y
u
n
h
ea
lt
h
y
s
o
cial
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
s
,
g
i
v
en
t
h
at
ad
o
lescen
t
s
d
o
n
o
t
y
et
h
av
e
a
f
il
ter
s
tr
o
n
g
en
o
u
g
h
to
f
ilter
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
th
e
y
r
ec
eiv
e,
n
o
r
d
o
th
ey
h
av
e
th
e
d
eter
r
en
t
p
o
w
er
to
w
ar
d
o
f
f
th
e
d
o
m
in
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
s
o
cial
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t,
d
u
e
to
ad
o
lescen
t
p
er
s
o
n
alit
y
is
s
til
l
u
n
s
tab
le
an
d
th
e
lev
e
l
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
i
s
s
till
m
in
i
m
a
l
[
17
]
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
ad
o
lescen
t
attit
u
d
es
to
w
ar
d
s
p
r
eg
n
a
n
c
y
at
an
ea
r
l
y
a
g
e
ar
e
an
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
p
ar
t
o
f
b
ein
g
ab
le
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
t
h
e
p
h
en
o
m
en
o
n
o
f
an
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ca
s
es
o
f
ea
r
l
y
p
r
eg
n
a
n
c
y
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
v
er
y
r
i
s
k
y
.
A
tti
tu
d
e
i
s
a
w
illi
n
g
n
es
s
o
r
r
ea
d
in
es
s
to
b
eh
av
e
[
18
]
.
So
cial
attitu
d
es
an
d
n
o
r
m
s
ar
e
an
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
p
ar
t
o
f
ad
o
lescen
t
l
if
e
i
n
m
ak
in
g
d
ec
is
io
n
s
to
b
eh
av
e
r
is
k
y
.
R
e
s
ea
r
ch
co
n
d
u
cted
b
y
De
w
i
s
h
o
w
s
th
at
ad
o
lescen
ts
h
a
v
e
g
o
o
d
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
b
u
t
d
o
n
o
t
co
n
s
is
ten
tl
y
s
h
o
w
g
o
o
d
attitu
d
es
to
w
ar
d
s
p
r
eg
n
an
c
y
i
n
t
h
e
ir
teen
s
.
A
d
o
lesce
n
ts
h
a
v
e
n
e
g
ati
v
e
attit
u
d
es
t
h
at
lead
to
h
ig
h
r
i
s
k
s
s
u
ch
a
s
h
u
g
g
in
g
d
u
r
in
g
co
u
r
ts
h
ip
an
d
k
is
s
i
n
g
f
o
r
eh
ea
d
[1
9
]
.
P
r
im
ar
y
h
ea
lt
h
ca
r
e
w
it
h
th
e
A
d
o
lesce
n
t
Hea
lt
h
C
ar
e
Se
r
v
i
ce
s
(
A
H
C
S
)
p
r
o
v
id
e
h
ea
lt
h
s
e
r
v
ices
f
o
r
s
ch
o
o
l
-
b
ased
a
n
d
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
-
b
a
s
ed
y
o
u
th
.
AHCS
in
p
r
i
m
ar
y
h
ea
l
th
ca
r
e
i
s
ad
j
u
s
te
d
to
th
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
ad
o
lescen
ts
b
y
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
co
u
n
s
eli
n
g
o
f
h
ea
l
th
p
er
s
o
n
el
an
d
e
m
p
o
w
er
i
n
g
ad
o
lescen
ts
as
p
ee
r
co
u
n
s
e
lo
r
s
.
P
ee
r
co
u
n
s
elo
r
s
ar
e
an
ev
en
t
to
co
m
p
lai
n
to
e
ac
h
o
th
er
,
p
o
u
r
o
u
t
th
eir
h
ea
r
ts
,
s
tr
en
g
th
e
n
ea
c
h
o
th
er
an
d
m
o
tiv
ate
ea
c
h
o
th
er
am
o
n
g
f
ello
w
s
t
u
d
en
t
s
[
20
]
.
B
asic
co
u
n
s
eli
n
g
s
k
ills
tr
ai
n
i
n
g
m
u
s
t
b
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
f
o
r
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
Hea
lth
C
o
u
n
s
e
lin
g
C
e
n
ter
T
e
en
ag
e
R
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
(
I
HC
-
C
T
R
)
a
d
m
i
n
i
s
tr
ato
r
s
at
Mu
h
a
m
m
ad
i
y
ah
1
Vo
ca
ti
o
n
al
Hi
g
h
Sch
o
o
l
i
n
W
o
n
o
s
o
b
o
o
n
a
m
o
d
u
le
-
b
a
s
ed
b
asi
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
r
ea
d
in
g
ac
tiv
itie
s
,
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
ac
ti
v
itie
s
,
an
d
p
r
ac
ticin
g
ac
tiv
it
ies
s
o
th
at
Yo
u
th
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
C
o
u
n
s
eli
n
g
C
en
ter
(
YI
A
C
)
ad
m
i
n
is
tr
ato
r
s
ca
n
h
a
v
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
an
d
i
n
s
ig
h
t
ab
o
u
t
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
co
u
n
s
eli
n
g
as
a
n
e
f
f
o
r
t
to
s
o
lv
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
an
d
ca
n
h
elp
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
d
u
ties
o
f
co
u
n
s
eli
n
g
g
u
id
an
ce
teac
h
er
s
in
p
ee
r
s
er
v
ice
r
elatio
n
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
i
n
T
h
e
Mu
h
a
m
m
ad
i
y
a
h
1
Vo
ca
tio
n
al
Hi
g
h
Sc
h
o
o
l
in
W
o
n
o
s
o
b
o
th
er
e
h
as
n
o
t
b
ee
n
a
tr
ain
i
n
g
i
n
co
u
n
s
el
in
g
s
k
il
ls
f
o
r
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
e
v
en
t
h
o
u
g
h
in
M
u
h
a
m
m
ad
i
y
ah
1
Vo
ca
ti
o
n
al
Hig
h
Sc
h
o
o
l
in
W
o
n
o
s
o
b
o
alr
ea
d
y
h
a
s
a
I
HC
-
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I
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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t J
E
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&
R
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s
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
:
2252
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8822
I
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T
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1
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1
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2
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Descript
io
n
o
f
t
he
lev
el
o
f
k
n
o
w
ledg
e
a
bo
ut
risk
y
preg
na
ncies
T
h
e
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
th
e
r
esear
ch
d
ata
o
f
r
esp
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d
en
t
s
'
an
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w
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h
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w
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n
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ar
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as
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f
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a
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less
k
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n
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ab
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7
7
r
esp
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1
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(
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ar
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in
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less
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ased
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ab
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3
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3
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3
.
Descript
io
n o
f
a
t
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it
ud
es a
bo
ut
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k
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preg
na
ncy
T
h
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d
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f
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ata
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h
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r
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p
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'
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ca
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ized
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itiv
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ati
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s
.
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ttit
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ab
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r
is
k
y
p
r
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g
n
an
cie
s
p
r
io
r
to
co
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n
s
eli
n
g
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e
6
3
r
esp
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n
d
en
ts
(
5
8
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3
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in
th
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p
o
s
itiv
e
ca
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r
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d
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in
th
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te
g
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.
A
tt
itu
d
es
ab
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r
is
k
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an
c
y
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f
ter
co
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n
s
eli
n
g
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m
o
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tl
y
i
n
t
h
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p
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it
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m
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d
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eg
a
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g
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m
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g
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9
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le
(
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6
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%)
.
T
ab
le
4
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
ti
o
n
o
f
f
r
eq
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n
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f
attitu
d
es a
b
o
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t r
i
s
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p
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n
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c
y
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Mu
h
a
m
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ad
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y
ah
1
Vo
ca
tio
n
al
Hig
h
Sc
h
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o
l in
W
o
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s
o
b
o
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
v
al
&
R
e
s
E
d
u
c
.
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8822
K
n
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(
S
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)
331
T
ab
le
4.
Dis
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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n
d
en
ts
w
it
h
g
o
o
d
attitu
d
e
b
ec
am
e
9
1
.
1
%
an
d
r
esear
ch
co
n
d
u
cted
b
y
Set
y
o
r
in
i
s
h
o
w
ed
th
at
t
h
er
e
w
a
s
a
ch
a
n
g
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i
n
attit
u
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b
ef
o
r
e
co
u
n
s
eli
n
g
a
n
d
af
ter
co
u
n
s
e
lin
g
[
2
5
,
27]
.
I
n
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
ab
o
u
t
t
h
e
le
v
el
o
f
ad
o
lesce
n
t
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
ea
r
l
y
p
r
eg
n
a
n
c
y
is
a
n
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
p
ar
t
o
f
b
ein
g
ab
le
to
u
n
d
er
s
t
an
d
th
e
p
h
e
n
o
m
e
n
o
n
o
f
an
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ca
s
e
s
o
f
r
is
k
y
p
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n
an
c
ies.
T
h
is
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
i
s
also
a
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
o
n
th
e
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
e
alth
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
h
eld
i
n
s
ch
o
o
ls
[
1
9
]
.
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
ed
is
p
o
s
in
g
f
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
a
r
is
k
y
p
r
eg
n
a
n
c
y
.
L
es
s
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
r
lim
i
ted
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
ab
o
u
t
h
i
g
h
r
is
k
p
r
eg
n
a
n
cie
s
an
d
th
e
d
an
g
er
s
th
at
w
il
l
b
e
ex
p
er
ien
ce
d
,
w
i
ll
also
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
i
n
ci
d
en
ce
o
f
h
ig
h
r
is
k
p
r
eg
n
an
c
y
,
b
eh
a
v
io
r
an
d
s
o
cio
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
also
a
f
f
ec
t th
e
r
is
k
s
in
p
r
eg
n
a
n
c
y
[
2
3
]
.
A
d
o
lesce
n
t
attit
u
d
es
ab
o
u
t
p
r
eg
n
a
n
c
y
ar
e
clo
s
el
y
r
elate
d
to
p
ee
r
’
s
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
s
tu
d
e
n
t
s
n
ee
d
a
p
ee
r
co
u
n
s
elo
r
at
s
c
h
o
o
l
to
h
elp
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
g
o
o
d
ad
o
lescen
t
atti
tu
d
es,
e
s
p
ec
iall
y
in
p
r
ev
en
tin
g
r
is
k
y
p
r
eg
n
an
c
ies.
P
ee
r
c
o
u
n
s
el
in
g
is
an
ev
en
t
to
co
m
p
lain
to
ea
ch
o
th
er
,
p
o
u
r
o
u
t
th
eir
h
ea
r
ts
,
s
tr
en
g
th
e
n
ea
ch
o
th
er
an
d
m
o
ti
v
ate
ea
ch
o
t
h
er
a
m
o
n
g
f
el
lo
w
s
t
u
d
en
t
s
.
C
o
u
n
s
eli
n
g
b
asic
s
k
ill
s
tr
ain
in
g
co
n
d
u
cted
f
o
r
I
HC
-
C
T
R
ad
m
in
i
s
tr
ato
r
s
in
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
l
b
ased
o
n
m
o
d
u
les
th
r
o
u
g
h
r
ea
d
in
g
ac
tiv
itie
s
,
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
ac
tiv
itie
s
,
a
n
d
p
r
ac
ticin
g
ac
ti
v
itie
s
s
o
t
h
at
YI
AC
ad
m
in
is
tr
ato
r
s
ca
n
h
av
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
an
d
in
s
i
g
h
t
ab
o
u
t
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
co
u
n
s
e
lin
g
as
an
ef
f
o
r
t
to
s
o
lv
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
a
n
d
ca
n
h
elp
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
o
f
teac
h
er
task
s
co
u
n
s
eli
n
g
g
u
id
an
ce
i
n
p
ee
r
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
er
v
ices
[
2
9
]
.
C
o
u
n
s
eli
n
g
is
v
er
y
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
t
in
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
t
h
e
p
u
b
lic,
esp
ec
iall
y
ad
o
lescen
t
s
w
h
o
ar
e
s
till
at
r
is
k
o
f
u
n
w
a
n
ted
p
r
eg
n
an
c
y
.
No
to
at
m
o
d
j
o
ar
g
u
es
t
h
at
h
ea
l
th
ed
u
ca
t
io
n
is
a
n
ef
f
o
r
t
f
o
r
th
e
p
u
b
lic
to
b
eh
av
e
o
r
ad
o
p
t
h
ea
lth
b
eh
av
io
r
s
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
ap
p
ea
l,
s
o
licitatio
n
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
w
ar
e
n
ess
an
d
s
o
on
[
1
8
]
.
C
o
u
n
s
eli
n
g
ca
n
h
a
v
e
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t
in
o
r
d
er
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
a
w
ar
en
e
s
s
,
w
il
lin
g
n
es
s
an
d
ab
ilit
y
o
f
p
eo
p
le
to
liv
e
h
ea
lth
y
a
n
d
ac
tiv
el
y
p
ar
ticip
ate
in
h
ea
lt
h
ef
f
o
r
ts
.
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
ab
o
u
t
r
is
k
y
p
r
eg
n
a
n
c
y
ca
n
b
e
in
f
l
u
e
n
ce
d
b
y
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
n
d
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
f
ac
to
r
s
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
p
r
in
t
m
ed
ia,
m
as
s
m
ed
ia
an
d
co
u
n
s
eli
n
g
th
a
t
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
g
i
v
e
n
.
T
h
e
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
a
s
u
p
p
o
r
tiv
e
s
c
h
o
o
l
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
f
o
r
t
h
e
h
ea
lt
h
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l
m
e
m
b
er
s
s
u
ch
a
s
ad
eq
u
ate
h
ea
lth
f
ac
ili
ties
an
d
i
n
f
r
a
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
h
a
v
in
g
a
s
c
h
o
o
l
h
ea
lth
u
n
it
th
at
i
s
ac
tiv
el
y
u
s
ed
,
w
ill
ce
r
tain
l
y
h
av
e
an
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
g
o
o
d
h
ea
lth
b
eh
av
io
r
f
o
r
s
ch
o
o
l
r
esid
en
ts
.
P
r
eg
n
a
n
c
y
i
n
ad
o
lescen
ce
h
as
a
h
ig
h
m
ed
ic
al
r
is
k
b
ec
au
s
e
i
n
ad
o
lescen
ce
th
e
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
o
r
g
an
s
ar
e
n
o
t
m
a
tu
r
e
en
o
u
g
h
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
its
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
A
cti
v
e
p
r
e
m
ar
ital
s
ex
i
n
ad
o
lescen
ts
i
s
at
r
is
k
f
o
r
teen
a
g
e
p
r
eg
n
an
c
y
an
d
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
s
ex
u
all
y
tr
an
s
m
itted
d
is
ea
s
e
s
.
Un
p
lan
n
ed
p
r
eg
n
a
n
cies
f
o
r
ad
o
lescen
t
g
ir
l
s
ca
n
lead
t
o
teen
ag
e
ab
o
r
tio
n
an
d
m
ar
r
ia
g
e.
B
o
th
w
ill
h
a
v
e
an
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
t
h
e
f
u
tu
r
e
o
f
ad
o
lescen
ts
a
n
d
in
cr
ea
s
e
r
i
s
k
y
p
r
eg
n
an
cie
s
i
n
ad
o
lescen
ts
[
3
0
]
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
er
e
is
an
in
f
l
u
en
ce
o
f
h
ea
l
t
h
ed
u
ca
tio
n
o
n
t
h
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
ab
o
u
t
r
is
k
y
p
r
eg
n
an
c
y
in
Mu
h
a
m
m
ad
i
y
a
h
1
Vo
ca
tio
n
al
Hig
h
Sc
h
o
o
l
in
W
o
n
o
s
o
b
o
.
T
h
er
e
is
an
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
ea
lt
h
co
u
n
s
e
lin
g
o
n
t
h
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
o
f
atti
tu
d
es
ab
o
u
t
r
i
s
k
y
p
r
eg
n
a
n
c
y
at
M
u
h
a
m
m
ad
i
y
a
h
1
Vo
ca
tio
n
al
Hig
h
Sch
o
o
l
in
W
o
n
o
s
o
b
o
.
C
o
u
n
s
e
lin
g
ca
n
f
o
r
m
p
ee
r
co
u
n
s
elo
r
s
s
o
s
tu
d
en
t
s
h
a
v
e
g
o
o
d
k
n
o
w
l
ed
g
e
an
d
attitu
d
es
r
elate
d
to
r
is
k
y
p
r
eg
n
an
c
ies,
a
s
w
ell
a
s
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
s
t
u
d
en
t
m
o
ti
v
atio
n
to
ch
o
o
s
e
g
o
o
d
an
d
p
o
s
itiv
e
r
elat
io
n
s
h
ip
s
.
Stu
d
e
n
ts
w
h
o
h
a
v
e
n
e
v
er
r
ec
eiv
ed
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
elate
d
to
p
r
e
g
n
a
n
c
y
ar
e
at
r
is
k
s
o
s
t
u
d
en
ts
ar
e
ex
p
ec
ted
to
d
ig
d
ee
p
er
in
f
o
r
m
at
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n
b
y
atten
d
i
n
g
s
c
h
o
o
l
h
ea
lth
co
u
n
s
eli
n
g
,
lo
o
k
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g
f
o
r
in
f
o
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in
th
e
m
as
s
m
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b
o
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k
s
,
o
r
ask
in
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p
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p
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w
h
o
ar
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ex
p
er
ts
in
t
h
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f
ield
s
.
RE
F
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NC
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S
.
W
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Of
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P
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[3
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W
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re
v
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[
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f
P
e
e
r
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
G
ro
u
p
He
a
lt
h
o
n
A
d
o
les
c
e
n
t
G
irl
s'
Kn
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
a
n
d
A
t
ti
tu
d
e
s
A
b
o
u
t
Re
p
ro
d
u
c
ti
v
e
He
a
lt
h
,
"
J
.
Ke
p
.
,
v
o
l.
2
,
n
o
.
3
,
2
0
1
4
.
[6
]
A
z
in
a
r,
M
u
h
a
m
m
a
d
,
"
P
re
m
a
rit
a
l
S
e
x
u
a
l
Be
h
a
v
io
r
Risk
o
f
Un
wa
n
ted
P
re
g
n
a
n
c
y
,
"
KEM
AS
:
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
u
b
li
c
He
a
lt
h
,
v
o
l.
8
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
5
3
–
6
0
,
2
0
1
3
.
[7
]
A
b
ro
ri,
De
v
ia
ted
fr
o
m t
h
e
P
a
t
h
o
f
Ab
o
rt
io
n
.
G
ig
ih
In
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
L
ib
ra
r
y
,
2
0
1
4
.
[8
]
W
id
y
o
n
in
g
sih
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
He
a
lt
h
P
r
o
b
lem
s
F
a
c
e
d
b
y
F
a
m
il
ies
in
Ca
rin
g
f
o
r
A
d
o
les
c
e
n
ts
W
it
h
Un
w
a
n
ted
P
re
g
n
a
n
c
y
(KT
D),"
Al
-
Irs
y
a
d
He
a
lt
h
J
o
u
rn
a
l
(
J
KA)
,
v
o
l.
2
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
7
2
-
8
3
,
2
0
1
4
.
[9
]
Eff
e
n
d
i,
Nu
rm
a
y
a
,
a
n
d
Ha
rti
W
id
ias
tu
ti
,
"
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
He
a
lt
h
,
"
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
He
a
lt
h
,
v
o
l
.
7
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
3
5
3
–
6
0
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
0
]
A
ru
b
,
L
a
th
ifah
,
"
T
h
e
Re
latio
n
sh
i
p
b
e
tw
e
e
n
P
a
re
n
ti
n
g
P
a
re
n
ts
a
n
d
A
d
o
les
c
e
n
t
S
e
x
u
a
l
Be
h
a
v
i
o
r
in
S
M
K
Ne
g
e
ri
1
S
e
w
o
n
Ba
n
tu
l,
"
A
is
y
i
y
a
h
Un
iv
e
rs
it
y
Yo
g
y
a
k
a
rta
,
2
0
1
7
.
[O
n
li
n
e
]
.
Av
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
:
//
d
ig
il
i
b
.
u
n
isa
y
o
g
y
a
.
a
c
.
id
/2
7
4
6
[1
1
]
N
.
K
.
F
e
b
y
a
n
ti
a
n
d
D.
S
u
silaw
a
t
i,
"
Re
latio
n
sh
ip
o
f
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
P
re
g
n
a
n
t
W
o
m
e
n
a
b
o
u
t
A
n
ten
a
tal
Ca
re
f
o
r
P
re
g
n
a
n
c
y
V
isit
Be
h
a
v
io
r,
"
J
.
N
u
rs
in
g
S
o
e
d
irm
a
n
(
T
h
e
S
o
e
d
irm
a
n
J
.
Nu
rs
in
g
)
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
4
8
-
1
5
7
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
2
]
V
.
J.
L
u
m
e
m
p
o
u
w
,
R
.
M
.
Ku
n
d
r
e
,
a
n
d
Y.
Ba
tah
a
,
"
Re
latio
n
sh
i
p
b
e
tw
e
e
n
S
o
c
io
-
Eco
n
o
m
ic
F
a
c
to
rs
o
f
P
re
g
n
a
n
t
W
o
m
e
n
w
it
h
Re
g
u
lar
A
n
ten
a
tal
Ca
re
(A
NC)
Ex
a
m
in
a
ti
o
n
a
t
R
a
n
o
tan
a
W
e
ru
He
a
lt
h
Ce
n
ter,
W
a
n
e
a
District,
M
a
n
a
d
o
C
it
y
,
"
e
-
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Nu
rs
i
n
g
(
e
-
Kp
)
,
v
o
l.
4
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
-
7
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
3
]
A.
T
e
g
u
h
a
n
d
T
.
Istiarti
,
"
Re
latio
n
sh
ip
o
f
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
,
A
tt
it
u
d
e
s
T
o
w
a
rd
s
Re
p
ro
d
u
c
ti
v
e
He
a
lt
h
w
it
h
P
re
-
m
a
rit
a
l
S
e
x
P
ra
c
ti
c
e
s in
M
i
d
w
if
e
r
y
S
tu
d
e
n
ts at
th
e
S
e
m
a
ra
n
g
P
o
ly
tec
h
n
ic He
a
lt
h
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t,
"
J
.
Ke
se
h
a
t.
S
o
c
iety
,
v
o
l.
2
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
0
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
4
]
S
e
n
ja,
A
n
d
ik
a
Ok
tav
i
a
n
,
Yu
n
i
P
u
ji
W
id
ias
tu
ti
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
T
h
e
L
e
v
e
l
o
f
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
A
d
o
les
c
e
n
t
A
b
o
u
t
Re
p
ro
d
u
c
ti
v
e
He
a
lt
h
,
"
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Nu
rs
i
n
g
,
v
o
l
1
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
8
5
–
9
2
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
5
]
M
a
rm
i,
Rep
ro
d
u
c
ti
v
e
He
a
lt
h
.
S
tu
d
e
n
t
L
ib
ra
ry
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
6
]
IDA
I,
"
A
d
o
les
c
e
n
t
Re
p
ro
d
u
c
ti
v
e
He
a
lt
h
in
S
o
c
ial
A
sp
e
c
ts,"
2
0
1
7
.
[
O
n
l
in
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
:
//
ww
w
.
id
a
i.
o
r.
i
d
/artik
e
l/
se
p
u
t
a
r
-
k
e
m
p
u
a
n
-
a
n
a
k
/k
h
e
a
lt
h
-
re
p
ro
d
u
c
ti
o
n
-
re
m
a
ja
-
d
a
la
m
-
a
sp
e
k
-
so
c
ial
[1
7
]
B.
T
.
Hu
so
d
o
a
n
d
L
.
W
id
a
g
d
o
,
"
Re
p
ro
d
u
c
ti
v
e
He
a
lt
h
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
i
n
S
e
m
a
ra
n
g
Cit
y
,
"
M
a
k
a
ra
,
Ke
se
h
a
t.
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
5
9
-
6
2
,
2
0
0
8
.
[1
8
]
S
.
No
t
o
a
tm
o
d
jo
,
"
Be
h
a
v
io
ra
l
He
a
lt
h
S
c
ien
c
e
s,"
2
0
1
0
.
[1
9
]
D
.
A
.
K
.
De
w
i
a
n
d
D
.
S
.
L
u
b
is,
"
T
h
e
lev
e
l
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
a
n
d
a
tt
it
u
d
e
s
o
f
y
o
u
n
g
w
o
m
e
n
a
ro
u
n
d
e
a
rl
y
p
re
g
n
a
n
c
y
in
t
h
e
c
it
y
o
f
De
n
p
a
sa
r,
"
In
d
o
n
e
s.
J
.
Ha
lt
h
Ge
n
e
ra
l
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
6
3
-
6
8
,
2
0
1
2
.
[2
0
]
D.
S
a
ri,
"
In
P
ip
k
e
sm
a
s Cip
u
tat
K
o
ta T
a
n
g
e
ra
n
g
S
e
lata
n
In
2
0
1
4
,
"
AR
KES
M
AS
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
4
-
1
7
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
1
]
Na
w
a
ti
a
n
d
Nu
rh
a
y
a
ti
,
"
T
h
e
I
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
Un
wa
n
ted
P
re
g
n
a
n
c
y
o
n
P
re
g
n
a
n
c
y
a
n
d
In
f
a
n
t
Ca
re
,
"
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
a
ter
n
a
l
a
n
d
Ch
i
ld
He
a
l
th
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
2
2
-
2
5
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
2
]
Nu
rsa
la
m
,
"
Co
n
c
e
p
ts an
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
Nu
rsin
g
Re
se
a
rc
h
M
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
,
"
2
0
0
8
.
[2
3
]
S
e
p
ti
a
n
a
a
n
d
E.
T
jah
jan
i,
"
Risk
o
f
In
c
id
e
n
t
P
re
g
n
a
n
c
y
Ba
s
e
d
o
n
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
L
e
v
e
l
o
f
T
ri
m
e
ste
r
III
P
re
g
n
a
n
t
W
o
m
e
n
,
"
J
.
Aka
d
.
M
id
wi
fer
y
Gr
iya
Hu
sa
d
a
,
v
o
l.
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
3
8
-
4
3
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
4
]
A
S
,
"
Hu
m
a
n
A
tt
it
u
d
e
T
h
e
o
ry
a
n
d
Its
M
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t,
"
2
0
1
1
.
[2
5
]
N.
Ra
h
a
y
u
,
Y.
Y
u
sa
d
,
a
n
d
R
.
M
.
L
u
b
is,
"
T
h
e
Ef
f
e
c
t
Of
Ex
te
n
sio
n
Of
A
c
ti
v
it
ies
In
T
h
e
He
a
lt
h
S
e
rv
ice
s
o
f
A
d
o
les
c
e
n
ts
(P
k
p
r)
i
n
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
A
n
d
A
d
o
les
c
e
n
t
A
tt
it
u
d
e
s
A
b
o
u
t
P
ra
n
ica
h
S
e
x
In
S
m
a
n
1
L
u
b
u
k
d
a
la
m
S
iak
S
ri
In
d
ra
p
u
ra
District
Of
Ye
a
r,
G
izi,
"
J
.
N
u
trit
i
o
n
He
a
lt
h
y
.
Rep
ro
d
u
c
ti
o
n
a
n
d
E
p
id
e
mi
o
l
,
v
o
l
.
2
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
-
8
,
2
0
1
3
.
[2
6
]
W
.
Ba
c
h
ru
d
d
i
n
,
F
.
Ka
lal
o
,
a
n
d
R.
Ku
n
d
re
,
"
T
h
e
Eff
e
c
ts
o
f
Co
u
n
se
l
in
g
o
n
th
e
Da
n
g
e
rs
o
f
F
re
e
S
e
x
o
n
Yo
u
th
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
A
b
o
u
t
F
re
e
S
e
x
in
Bin
su
s
9
M
a
n
a
d
o
P
u
b
li
c
Hig
h
S
c
h
o
o
l,
"
e
-
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Nu
rs
in
g
(e
-
Kp
)
,
v
o
l.
5
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
7
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
7
]
Zu
lf
ik
a
r,
F
.
J
.
Ku
n
o
li
,
M
.
Ju
f
ri,
a
n
d
Ra
f
iu
d
i
n
,
"
T
h
e
Eff
e
c
ts
o
f
He
a
lt
h
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
A
b
o
u
t
P
re
m
a
rit
a
l
S
e
x
o
n
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
S
tu
d
e
n
ts
in
Bo
lan
o
L
a
m
b
u
n
u
1
Hig
h
S
c
h
o
o
l,
"
J
.
Co
ll
a
b
o
ra
t
ive
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
5
5
1
-
5
5
8
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
8
]
W
.
S
.
A
.
Ud
u
a
n
d
P
.
Y
.
W
.
W
irad
i
ra
n
i,
"
Ef
f
e
c
ts
o
f
in
terv
e
n
ti
o
n
c
o
u
n
se
li
n
g
o
n
a
d
o
les
c
e
n
t
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
a
n
d
a
tt
i
tu
d
e
s
a
b
o
u
t
re
p
ro
d
u
c
ti
v
e
h
e
a
lt
h
,
"
M
e
d
u
la
,
v
o
l
.
1
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
7
1
-
7
5
,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
9
]
A
.
H
.
Ra
h
m
a
wa
ti
,
"
Co
u
n
se
li
n
g
In
c
re
a
se
d
S
k
il
ls
O
f
Co
u
n
se
lo
r
c
o
ll
e
a
g
u
e
s
in
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