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4
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T
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Alth
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es
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
f
o
r
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
u
n
its
[
4
]
.
Sch
o
o
l
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
ca
n
b
e
r
ev
iewe
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
tu
d
e
n
t
ac
ad
em
ic
ac
h
iev
em
en
t
[
6
]
.
Nati
o
n
al
ex
am
s
co
r
es
in
2
0
1
8
-
2
0
1
9
,
th
e
ac
ad
em
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
s
tu
d
en
t
s
,
esp
ec
ially
in
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
ls
ar
e
s
till
n
o
t
s
atis
f
ac
to
r
y
.
Natio
n
ally
,
th
e
av
er
ag
e
n
atio
n
al
ex
a
m
s
co
r
es
in
2
0
1
8
/
2
0
1
9
in
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
ls
ar
e
o
n
ly
4
6
.
7
,
with
th
e
lo
west sco
r
e
o
n
th
e
m
ath
test
with
an
av
er
ag
e
o
f
3
5
.
2
6
.
T
h
is
in
d
icate
s
th
at
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
ls
n
ee
d
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l m
a
n
ag
em
en
t,
esp
ec
ially
r
elate
d
to
s
tu
d
en
t a
ca
d
em
ics.
T
h
is
g
ap
in
d
icate
s
th
e
in
ef
f
ec
t
iv
en
ess
o
f
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
i
n
s
ch
o
o
l
g
o
v
er
n
a
n
ce
(
SG)
.
T
h
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
o
f
SG
p
r
in
cip
les
as
an
ess
en
tial
v
alu
e
in
s
ch
o
o
l
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t
will
h
av
e
a
g
r
ea
t
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ity
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
s
ch
o
o
l
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
s
an
d
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
.
SG
em
er
g
ed
as
an
ef
f
o
r
t
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
q
u
ality
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
s
o
lid
s
ch
o
o
l
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
g
o
v
e
r
n
an
ce
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
SG
h
as
a
s
y
n
er
g
y
with
T
QM
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
co
m
p
an
y
'
s
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
ty
le
ca
n
b
e
ad
ju
s
ted
to
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
q
u
ality
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t
if
it
is
s
tr
en
g
th
en
ed
b
y
th
e
p
r
in
cip
les
u
s
ed
to
cr
ea
te
g
o
o
d
g
o
v
er
n
an
ce
[
7
]
.
Go
v
er
n
an
ce
h
as
a
d
ir
ec
t
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
an
d
o
f
co
u
r
s
e,
g
o
v
er
n
a
n
ce
p
r
in
cip
les ar
e
also
v
er
y
i
n
f
lu
en
tial in
s
h
a
p
in
g
g
o
o
d
g
o
v
e
r
n
an
ce
[
8
]
.
T
h
e
f
o
c
u
s
o
f
th
e
I
n
d
o
n
esian
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
at
t
h
is
tim
e
is
o
n
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
ls
.
T
h
is
is
ev
id
en
ce
d
b
y
th
e
Pre
s
id
en
tial
I
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
is
s
u
ed
o
n
R
ev
italizatio
n
o
f
V
o
c
atio
n
al
Sch
o
o
ls
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
q
u
ality
an
d
c
o
m
p
etitiv
en
ess
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
esian
h
u
m
an
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
at
Pre
s
id
en
tial
I
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
Nu
m
b
er
9
o
f
2
0
1
6
.
T
h
e
ex
is
ten
ce
o
f
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
al
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
State
Vo
ca
tio
n
al
Sc
h
o
o
ls
in
to
a
f
o
r
m
o
f
R
eg
io
n
al
Pu
b
lic
Ser
v
ice
Ag
en
cy
(
s
ch
o
o
l
-
b
ased
en
ter
p
r
is
e)
th
e
ef
f
o
r
t
s
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
ls
as
m
an
d
ated
in
th
e
Min
is
ter
o
f
Do
m
esti
c
Af
f
air
s
R
eg
u
latio
n
No
.
7
9
o
f
2
0
1
8
.
B
ased
o
n
th
is
m
an
d
ated
,
th
e
p
r
o
v
in
cial
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
as
th
e
p
er
s
o
n
in
ch
ar
g
e
o
f
v
o
ca
t
io
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l
is
en
co
u
r
ag
e
d
t
o
ch
an
g
e
th
e
s
tate
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l'
s
s
tatu
s
to
a
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l
-
b
ased
en
ter
p
r
is
e.
T
h
e
aim
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
v
o
ca
tio
n
a
l
s
ch
o
o
ls
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
in
to
a
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l
-
b
ased
e
n
ter
p
r
i
s
e
is
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
f
le
x
ib
ilit
y
in
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
ls
f
in
an
cial
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
b
ased
o
n
p
r
o
d
u
cti
v
ity
an
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
p
r
in
cip
les
an
d
th
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
o
f
s
o
u
n
d
b
u
s
in
ess
p
r
ac
tices
to
b
e
ab
le
to
m
ax
im
i
ze
co
o
p
er
atio
n
with
in
d
u
s
tr
y
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
co
m
p
eten
c
y
o
f
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
ls
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
T
h
e
s
ch
o
o
l
was
in
itially
o
n
ly
an
ex
ten
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
ce
n
tr
al
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
to
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
m
a
n
a
g
em
en
t
to
o
r
g
an
ize
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
o
liti
cs.
T
h
is
ce
n
tr
alize
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
g
o
v
er
n
an
ce
s
y
s
tem
d
o
es
n
o
t
g
iv
e
au
th
o
r
ity
to
s
ch
o
o
ls
to
d
ev
elo
p
th
e
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
,
cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
,
s
ch
o
o
l
m
an
ag
em
en
t,
lear
n
in
g
,
r
eso
u
r
c
es,
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
ity
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
.
No
wad
a
y
s
,
th
i
s
ce
n
tr
alize
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
y
s
t
em
r
ig
h
t
n
o
w
h
as
a
p
r
o
b
le
m
.
T
h
is
s
y
s
tem
i
s
co
n
s
id
er
ed
n
o
t
to
h
av
e
a
p
o
s
i
tiv
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
im
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e
,
L
aw
Nu
m
b
er
3
2
o
f
2
0
0
4
s
aid
th
at
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
s
h
o
u
ld
g
iv
e
e
v
er
y
r
e
g
io
n
au
th
o
r
ity
to
ta
k
e
ca
r
e
o
f
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
ities
'
in
ter
ests
.
T
h
is
au
th
o
r
ity
in
d
i
r
ec
tly
en
co
u
r
a
g
es
ch
an
g
es
in
th
e
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
tr
a
n
s
f
er
o
f
p
o
wer
an
d
au
th
o
r
ity
to
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
l
ev
el
is
p
r
im
ar
ily
aim
e
d
at
em
p
o
wer
in
g
s
ch
o
o
l
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
in
s
ch
o
o
l
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
,
wh
ich
was
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
o
n
ly
ca
r
r
ie
d
o
u
t
b
y
th
e
ce
n
tr
al,
p
r
o
v
in
cial,
o
r
d
is
tr
ict
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
er
o
f
au
t
h
o
r
ity
to
s
ch
o
o
ls
aim
ed
at
em
p
o
wer
in
g
s
ch
o
o
l
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
in
d
eter
m
in
in
g
p
o
licies
was
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
o
n
ly
ca
r
r
ie
d
o
u
t
b
y
th
e
ce
n
tr
al,
p
r
o
v
in
cial
o
r
d
is
tr
ict
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
ts
[9
-
1
2
]
.
T
h
is
d
ec
en
t
r
alize
d
s
y
s
tem
ass
u
m
es
th
at
s
ch
o
o
l
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
will
b
e
m
o
r
e
co
n
ce
r
n
ed
if
a
b
o
u
t
th
e
r
ea
lity
th
a
t
ex
is
ts
in
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
an
d
th
at
th
eir
d
e
cisi
o
n
s
will b
e
m
o
r
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
[
1
3
]
.
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
p
o
licy
f
r
o
m
ce
n
tr
al
is
tic
to
d
ec
en
tr
alize
h
as
n
o
t
y
e
t
r
u
n
m
ax
im
ally
an
d
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
ly
f
o
r
th
is
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
.
W
h
er
ea
s
s
ch
o
o
ls
h
av
e
b
ee
n
g
i
v
en
au
th
o
r
ity
an
d
d
is
cr
etio
n
f
o
r
r
eg
u
late
th
eir
s
ch
o
o
l
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
I
ts
h
as
lo
n
g
b
e
en
lau
n
c
h
ed
in
lin
e
with
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
'
s
r
eg
io
n
al
au
t
o
n
o
m
y
,
wh
er
e
th
e
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
a
n
d
C
u
ltu
r
e
lau
n
ch
ed
s
ch
o
o
l
-
b
ased
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t
(
Sch
o
o
l
Go
v
er
n
an
ce
)
as
a
n
e
w
p
ar
ad
ig
m
in
s
ch
o
o
l
o
p
e
r
atio
n
s
to
ch
an
g
e
s
ch
o
o
l
m
an
a
g
em
e
n
t
th
at
u
s
ed
to
b
e
c
en
ter
-
b
ased
.
E
v
en
th
o
u
g
h
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
p
o
licy
h
as
g
i
v
en
s
ch
o
o
ls
to
m
a
n
ag
e
th
eir
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
b
u
t
th
e
r
e
ar
e
s
o
m
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
v
ar
ia
b
les
ar
e
s
till
r
eg
u
lated
b
y
th
e
ce
n
tr
al
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
en
t,
am
o
n
g
o
th
er
s
:
c
u
r
r
ic
u
lu
m
,
e
x
am
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
,
an
d
o
th
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
p
er
s
o
n
n
el.
T
h
is
ca
u
s
es
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
to
b
e
less
o
p
tim
al
in
u
tili
zin
g
th
e
p
o
licy
.
Prin
cip
a
ls
m
u
s
t
b
e
ab
le
t
o
in
n
o
v
ate
in
d
ev
el
o
p
in
g
th
eir
s
ch
o
o
ls
an
d
b
ec
o
m
e
p
o
licy
m
ak
er
s
at
s
ch
o
o
l.
E
v
en
th
o
u
g
h
th
e
ch
an
g
e
in
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
th
at
was
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
ce
n
tr
alize
d
t
o
d
ec
en
tr
a
lized
is
v
er
y
g
o
o
d
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
s
ch
o
o
l
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
Th
e
imp
r
o
vin
g
o
f e
ffective
n
ess
s
ch
o
o
l
-
b
a
s
ed
en
terp
r
is
e:
A
s
tr
u
ctu
r
a
l e
q
u
a
tio
n
…
(
A
r
ie
Wib
o
w
o
K
h
u
r
n
ia
w
a
n
)
163
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
Ma
n
y
r
esear
c
h
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
teac
h
in
g
an
d
lear
n
in
g
is
h
ig
h
l
y
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
o
n
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
lead
er
s
h
ip
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
th
e
p
r
in
cip
al.
T
h
ese
f
ac
to
r
s
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
d
eb
at
e
s
tr
o
n
g
er
co
n
t
r
o
l
o
v
er
m
a
n
ag
e
m
en
t sch
o
o
ls
.
Sch
o
o
ls
wer
e
in
itially
o
n
ly
to
ex
ten
d
th
eir
h
an
d
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
ce
n
tr
al
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
to
s
ch
o
o
l
ad
m
in
is
tr
ato
r
s
f
o
r
p
o
liti
ca
l
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
is
ce
n
tr
alize
d
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
g
o
v
er
n
an
ce
s
y
s
tem
will
n
o
t
au
th
o
r
ize
s
ch
o
o
ls
to
d
e
v
elo
p
an
o
r
g
a
n
i
za
tio
n
,
cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
,
s
ch
o
o
l
m
an
ag
em
en
t,
lear
n
in
g
,
r
eso
u
r
c
es
with
co
m
m
u
n
ity
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
.
L
aw
Nu
m
b
er
3
2
o
f
2
0
0
4
ex
p
lain
e
d
th
at
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
is
o
n
ly
co
m
m
itte
d
to
th
e
r
e
g
io
n
s
in
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
th
e
p
eo
p
le'
s
in
ter
ests
o
f
th
e
p
eo
p
le'
s
asp
i
r
atio
n
s
s
o
th
at
th
e
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
m
u
s
t
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
b
ec
a
u
s
e
it
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
t
h
e
q
u
ality
o
f
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
is
au
th
o
r
ity
d
o
es
n
o
t
d
ir
ec
tly
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
s
p
ir
it
o
f
c
h
an
g
e
in
t
h
e
ad
m
in
is
tr
atio
n
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
De
cisi
o
n
s
m
ad
e
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
ly
a
r
e
o
n
ly
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
ce
n
tr
al,
p
r
o
v
in
cial,
o
r
d
i
s
tr
ict
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
au
t
h
o
r
ities
[
9
-
1
2
]
.
T
h
is
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
s
y
s
tem
ass
u
m
es
th
at
s
ch
o
o
ls
will
p
ay
m
o
r
e
atten
tio
n
to
th
em
,
m
u
s
t
in
c
r
ea
s
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
s
ch
o
o
ls
in
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
an
d
h
o
w
th
eir
d
ec
is
io
n
s
will
m
ak
e
th
e
m
m
o
r
e
a
p
p
r
o
p
r
iate.
T
h
e
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
s
y
s
tem
will
ass
u
m
e
th
at
a
s
ch
o
o
l
will
in
cr
ea
s
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l a
n
d
h
o
w
th
eir
d
ec
is
io
n
s
will m
ak
e
it m
o
r
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
n
o
v
elty
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
s
tr
ateg
ies f
o
r
in
cr
e
asin
g
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
SM
Ks th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l
g
o
v
er
n
an
ce
,
b
o
t
h
in
ter
m
s
o
f
to
p
-
lev
el
(
s
ch
o
o
l
g
o
v
er
n
a
n
ce
)
an
d
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t
in
ter
m
s
o
f
o
p
e
r
atio
n
al
(
t
o
tal
q
u
ality
m
an
a
g
em
en
t)
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
elin
g
t
h
at
co
n
n
ec
ts
SG
an
d
T
QM
to
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
s
ch
o
o
ls
ap
p
li
ed
to
v
o
ca
ti
o
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
esp
ec
ially
in
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l
-
b
ased
en
ter
p
r
is
es,
h
as
n
ev
er
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
e
f
o
r
e.
B
esid
es,
th
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
ar
e
v
alid
an
d
ca
n
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l
-
b
ased
en
t
er
p
r
is
es
b
ased
o
n
th
e
ap
p
lic
atio
n
o
f
in
teg
r
ate
d
s
ch
o
o
l
g
o
v
er
n
an
ce
an
d
q
u
ality
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
th
at
h
av
e
n
o
t
b
ee
n
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
in
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
ar
e
also
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
t
h
is
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
n
ew
in
d
icato
r
th
at
is
u
s
ed
to
b
u
ild
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
v
ar
ia
b
les,
wh
ich
ar
e
in
d
icato
r
s
o
f
th
e
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l
b
u
d
g
et
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
T
h
is
in
d
icato
r
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
as
a
n
o
v
elty
b
ec
a
u
s
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
b
eliev
e
th
at
i
f
s
ch
o
o
ls
ar
e
g
iv
en
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
in
b
u
d
g
et
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t th
ey
will b
e
ab
le
t
o
cr
ea
te
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
in
s
ch
o
o
l m
a
n
ag
em
en
t.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Vo
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l
m
an
ag
em
en
t e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
m
o
d
e
l
T
o
tal
q
u
ality
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
(
T
QM
)
is
a
s
tu
d
y
o
f
h
o
lis
tic
lead
er
s
h
ip
p
r
ac
tices
o
r
a
h
o
lis
tic
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
s
ch
o
o
l
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
in
cip
al'
s
im
p
lem
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
T
QM
p
r
ac
tices
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
v
er
y
g
o
o
d
,
wh
ich
m
ea
n
s
t
h
at
th
e
p
r
in
ci
p
al
ca
n
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
a
cu
ltu
r
e
th
at
in
v
o
lv
es
q
u
ality
in
all
s
ch
o
o
l
o
p
er
atio
n
s
'
asp
ec
t.
R
alp
h
,
et
a
l.
[
1
4
]
s
h
o
w
th
at
T
QM
is
p
ar
t
o
f
ex
ce
llen
c
e
b
ec
a
u
s
e
it
ca
n
s
atis
f
y
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
;
m
ee
t
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
n
ee
d
s
o
f
e
n
d
-
u
s
er
s
;
an
d
m
ee
t
th
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
m
em
b
er
s
o
f
th
e
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
.
L
ea
d
e
r
s
ar
e
th
o
s
e
wh
o
co
n
tin
u
ally
wo
r
k
with
clien
ts
to
g
u
id
e
an
d
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
i
n
ac
h
ie
v
in
g
g
o
al
s
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
in
cip
al
as
a
lea
d
er
is
an
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
wh
o
h
as
a
r
o
le
to
g
u
id
e
an
d
in
f
lu
en
ce
elem
e
n
ts
o
f
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
to
ac
h
iev
e
s
ch
o
o
l
g
o
als.
T
h
is
m
ig
h
t
m
ea
n
th
at
lead
er
s
m
u
s
t
h
av
e
a
n
o
n
g
o
in
g
d
esire
f
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
b
y
ex
p
r
ess
in
g
th
eir
c
o
o
p
er
ati
o
n
t
o
ac
h
iev
e
c
o
m
m
o
n
g
o
als.
Sen
g
e
[
1
6
]
s
aid
th
at
q
u
ality
-
o
r
ien
ted
s
ch
o
o
ls
b
eliev
e
alwa
y
s
m
ak
e
an
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
to
m
ee
t stak
eh
o
ld
er
ex
p
ec
tatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
ab
o
v
e
r
esu
l
ts
ca
n
also
b
e
r
elate
d
to
wh
at
Ker
zn
er
s
h
o
wed
th
at
wh
at
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
es
T
QM
f
r
o
m
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t th
eo
r
y
an
d
o
th
er
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
ts
is
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
[
1
7
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
10
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
2
1
:
1
61
-
1
73
164
Sch
o
o
l
g
o
v
er
n
an
ce
(
SG)
r
ef
er
s
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
d
ec
e
n
tr
alize
d
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
is
d
e
cisi
o
n
m
a
k
in
g
f
r
o
m
th
e
ce
n
tr
al,
r
eg
io
n
al
an
d
s
ch
o
o
l
d
iv
is
io
n
lev
els.
T
h
e
s
tatu
s
o
f
SG
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
b
y
s
ch
o
o
l
p
r
i
n
cip
als
is
at
a
"p
r
o
g
r
ess
iv
e"
lev
el,
wh
i
ch
in
d
icate
s
an
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
o
b
ilizatio
n
a
n
d
m
a
x
im
u
m
ef
f
o
r
t
f
r
o
m
s
ch
o
o
ls
.
SG
aim
s
to
em
p
o
wer
s
ch
o
o
l
p
r
in
cip
als
to
b
e
a
b
le
t
o
b
etter
c
o
o
r
d
in
ate
teac
h
e
r
s
an
d
s
tu
d
en
ts
;
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
o
f
q
u
ality
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
er
v
ices;
b
u
ild
in
g
p
ar
tn
er
s
h
ip
s
with
co
m
m
u
n
ities
an
d
in
d
u
s
tr
y
,
a
n
d
in
s
titu
tin
g
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
th
at
is
s
u
s
ta
in
ab
le
an
d
p
ar
t
icip
ato
r
y
.
SG
is
th
e
m
ain
to
o
l
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
o
f
s
ch
o
o
ls
[
1
8
]
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
Gr
a
u
we
[
1
9
]
,
S
G
i
s
a
n
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
n
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
o
f
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
.
S
G
f
o
r
m
e
d
a
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
p
a
r
t
n
e
r
s
h
i
p
t
o
f
o
s
t
e
r
g
o
o
d
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
s
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
e
d
u
c
a
t
o
r
s
,
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
s
,
f
a
m
i
l
i
e
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
a
s
a
w
h
o
l
e
f
o
r
b
e
t
t
e
r
s
c
h
o
o
l
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
Fu
llan
[
2
0
]
a
n
d
Fre
d
r
ik
s
s
o
n
[
2
1
]
s
tate
th
at
p
e
d
ag
o
g
ical
lea
d
er
s
h
ip
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
ad
v
o
c
ac
y
f
o
r
s
ch
o
o
l
p
r
in
cip
als
[
2
0
,
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
ed
u
c
atio
n
ad
m
in
is
tr
ato
r
m
u
s
t
ac
ce
p
t
an
d
im
p
lem
e
n
t
th
is
r
o
le
s
o
th
at
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
is
m
an
ag
ed
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
a
n
ad
m
in
is
tr
atio
n
s
'
s
ch
o
o
l
ca
n
im
p
r
o
v
e
a
p
er
s
o
n
'
s
attitu
d
e.
Mu
k
h
o
p
ad
h
y
ay
e
m
p
h
asizes
th
at
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
b
y
p
r
i
n
cip
als
aim
s
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
an
d
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
lear
n
in
g
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
to
war
d
s
a
h
o
lis
tic
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
T
Q
M
an
d
SG
r
ev
ea
led
th
at
th
e
p
r
in
cip
al'
s
r
o
le
in
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
SG
was
v
er
y
im
p
o
r
tan
t
in
s
taf
f
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t,
p
h
y
s
ical
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
an
d
s
tu
d
en
t
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
in
ter
m
s
o
f
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
s
ch
o
o
l
q
u
ality
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
is
s
h
o
ws
th
at
s
tu
d
en
t
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
i
s
h
ig
h
ly
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
o
n
th
e
lea
d
er
s
'
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
i
n
p
ar
ticu
lar
an
d
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
s
y
s
tem
in
g
en
er
al.
T
QM
p
r
ac
tices
r
elate
d
with
lead
er
s
h
ip
,
f
o
cu
s
o
n
clien
ts
,
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
,
co
m
m
itm
e
n
t
to
ch
an
g
e,
an
d
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t.
Sch
o
o
l
lead
er
s
h
ip
an
d
s
ch
o
o
l
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
h
av
e
a
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
an
d
en
g
ag
em
e
n
t
with
d
ata
-
b
ased
d
ec
is
io
n
m
ak
in
g
,
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
lear
n
in
g
,
an
d
s
y
s
tem
s
f
o
cu
s
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
,
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
h
y
p
o
t
h
esis
was f
o
r
m
u
lated
:
H1
: "
T
o
tal
Qu
ality
Ma
n
ag
em
e
n
t
i
s
p
o
s
itiv
ely
r
elate
d
to
Sch
o
o
l
Go
v
er
n
an
ce
.
"
I
m
p
lem
en
tin
g
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
r
e
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
f
er
ed
to
s
ch
o
o
ls
b
y
g
i
v
in
g
f
u
ll
au
th
o
r
ity
t
o
th
e
s
ch
o
o
ls
r
esu
lted
in
a
n
ew
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
t
h
eo
r
y
.
T
h
is
s
y
s
tem
r
ev
er
s
es
th
e
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
p
y
r
am
i
d
,
wh
er
e
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ilit
ies
r
elate
d
to
s
ch
o
o
l
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t
ar
e
n
o
lo
n
g
er
d
eleg
ated
t
o
ce
n
tr
al
o
r
r
eg
io
n
al
s
tate
au
th
o
r
ities
b
u
t
a
r
e
g
iv
en
to
th
e
s
taf
f
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
.
Po
wer
an
d
au
th
o
r
ity
at
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
lev
el
ar
e
aim
ed
at
th
e
m
em
b
er
s
o
f
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
th
at
h
av
e
b
ee
n
m
ad
e
b
y
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
[9
-
1
1
]
.
T
h
is
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
m
ak
in
g
th
at
ca
n
b
e
d
o
n
e
q
u
ick
ly
s
o
th
at
a
m
o
r
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
m
ec
h
an
is
m
is
cr
ea
ted
wh
ile
en
co
u
r
ag
i
n
g
a
n
ew
s
p
i
r
it
o
f
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
f
o
r
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
p
r
i
n
cip
al
as
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
m
an
ag
er
.
T
h
e
d
ele
g
atio
n
o
f
au
t
h
o
r
ity
r
elate
d
t
o
d
ec
is
io
n
m
ak
in
g
f
r
o
m
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
to
t
h
e
s
ch
o
o
l
lev
el
h
as
cr
ea
te
d
a
m
o
r
e
d
em
o
cr
atic
m
o
d
el
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l
ad
m
i
n
is
tr
atio
n
b
u
r
ea
u
c
r
ac
y
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
SG
an
d
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
is
s
till
a
h
ea
ted
d
eb
ate.
C
h
en
g
an
d
Mo
k
[
2
4
]
ar
g
u
e
th
at
SG
d
o
es
n
o
t
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
s
tu
d
en
t
lear
n
i
n
g
an
d
ac
h
iev
em
en
t.
T
o
p
r
o
d
u
ce
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
ts
,
ad
d
iti
o
n
al
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
s
f
r
o
m
SG
ar
e
n
ee
d
ed
.
Nir
an
d
Ham
eir
i
[
2
5
]
also
f
o
u
n
d
t
h
at
it
was
d
if
f
icu
lt
to
r
ea
ch
f
i
r
m
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
ab
o
u
t
SG'
s
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
in
g
s
tu
d
en
t
lear
n
in
g
as
well
as
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
s
ch
o
o
l
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
.
R
o
b
in
s
o
n
,
et
a
l.
[
2
6
]
,
wh
ic
h
ex
am
in
ed
th
e
d
ec
en
tr
aliza
tio
n
o
f
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
al
d
ec
is
io
n
m
ak
in
g
s
'
th
e
f
o
u
r
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
co
n
cl
u
d
ed
th
at
th
er
e
was
n
o
lin
k
b
etwe
en
teac
h
in
g
an
d
lear
n
in
g
,
teac
h
in
g
d
esig
n
,
h
u
m
an
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t,
an
d
p
h
y
s
ical
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t,
to
s
ch
o
o
l
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
.
Sch
o
o
l
au
t
h
o
r
ities
will
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
s
ev
er
al
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
to
m
ak
e
s
o
u
n
d
a
n
d
f
lex
ib
le
d
e
cisi
o
n
s
in
ac
h
iev
in
g
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
lear
n
in
g
o
u
tc
o
m
es
[
2
7
]
.
B
er
g
m
an
[
2
8
]
also
s
ai
d
th
at
th
e
r
ep
u
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
S
ch
o
o
l
will
in
cr
ea
s
e
ex
ce
llen
ce
,
cr
ea
tiv
ity
,
ea
g
er
in
v
o
lv
em
en
t,
an
d
s
taf
f
d
ed
icatio
n
as a
r
esu
lt o
f
SG.
Ma
n
y
co
u
n
tr
ies
b
eliev
e
th
at
d
ec
en
tr
aliza
tio
n
in
cr
ea
s
es
s
ch
o
o
l
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
b
ec
au
s
e
th
is
s
ch
o
o
l
lead
er
s
h
ip
s
y
s
tem
will
b
e
ass
ig
n
ed
a
g
r
ea
ter
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
b
est
s
tr
ateg
y
f
o
r
im
p
lem
e
n
tin
g
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
r
ef
o
r
m
in
th
e
Un
ited
States
an
d
el
s
ewh
er
e
is
Sch
o
o
l G
o
v
er
n
an
ce
[
2
9
-
3
1
]
.
SG w
ill o
f
f
er
au
th
o
r
ity
to
s
ch
o
o
ls
an
d
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
d
ec
is
io
n
s
[
3
1
]
.
T
h
e
p
u
b
li
c
s
u
p
p
o
r
t'
s
g
r
o
wth
f
o
r
S
G
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
ar
g
u
m
en
t
th
at
if
s
ch
o
o
l
au
to
n
o
m
y
an
d
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
wo
u
l
d
in
cr
ea
s
e,
th
e
d
esig
n
an
d
im
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
ca
n
b
e
im
p
le
m
en
te
d
b
etter
,
f
aster
an
d
f
o
llo
win
g
th
e
s
p
ec
ial
n
ee
d
s
o
f
c
h
ild
r
en
[
3
2
]
an
d
th
at
th
is
is
th
e
m
o
s
t
ef
f
icien
t
way
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
s
ch
o
o
l
p
r
ac
tices
an
d
m
e
etin
g
th
e
ex
p
ec
tatio
n
s
o
f
d
iv
er
s
e
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
i
n
a
ch
an
g
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
[
2
4
,
2
9
]
.
T
h
is
p
a
r
ticip
atio
n
allo
ws
p
eo
p
le
an
d
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
with
u
n
i
q
u
e
g
o
als
to
tak
e
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ilit
y
f
o
r
th
eir
d
esti
n
y
[
3
3
]
.
An
ex
p
er
im
e
n
tal
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
r
ef
o
r
m
p
r
o
ce
s
s
th
at
aim
s
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
s
ch
o
o
ls
in
v
ar
io
u
s
co
u
n
tr
ies
[
3
4
,
3
5
]
.
SG
will
i
n
v
o
lv
e
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
p
a
r
ticip
ato
r
y
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t
an
d
s
ch
o
o
l a
u
to
n
o
m
y
r
e
lated
to
s
c
h
o
o
l c
ap
ac
ity
[
3
6
,
3
7
]
.
Od
d
en
a
n
d
W
o
h
ls
te
tter
[
3
8
]
id
en
tify
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
th
at
d
r
iv
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
s
ch
o
o
l
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
e
s
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
SG.
T
h
ey
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
in
s
ch
o
o
ls
wh
er
e
SG
h
ad
b
ee
n
im
p
lem
e
n
ted
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
co
u
ld
im
p
r
o
v
e
s
ch
o
o
l
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
with
au
th
o
r
ity
o
v
e
r
th
e
b
u
d
g
et,
p
er
s
o
n
n
el,
an
d
cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
.
Su
c
ce
s
s
f
u
l
s
ch
o
o
ls
in
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
SG
b
y
th
e
au
th
o
r
ities
an
d
au
th
o
r
ities
in
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
ch
an
g
es
d
ir
ec
tly
r
elate
d
to
teac
h
in
g
an
d
lear
n
in
g
p
r
ac
tices.
Dec
is
io
n
s
ab
o
u
t
s
tu
d
en
t
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
f
r
o
m
p
ar
en
ts
,
s
ch
o
o
l
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
an
d
s
y
s
tem
atic
an
d
cr
e
ativ
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
etwe
en
p
ar
e
n
ts
will
b
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wh
en
p
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o
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p
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t,
tr
ain
in
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to
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ec
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m
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an
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p
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b
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k
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2252
-
8
8
2
2
Th
e
imp
r
o
vin
g
o
f e
ffective
n
ess
s
ch
o
o
l
-
b
a
s
ed
en
terp
r
is
e:
A
s
tr
u
ctu
r
a
l e
q
u
a
tio
n
…
(
A
r
ie
Wib
o
w
o
K
h
u
r
n
ia
w
a
n
)
165
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
R
o
d
r
ig
u
ez
an
d
Slate
[
3
9
]
em
p
h
asized
th
at
with
f
lex
i
b
ilit
y
,
p
r
o
p
er
au
to
n
o
m
y
in
ca
r
r
y
in
g
o
u
t
s
ch
o
o
l
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
,
SG
ca
n
m
a
x
im
ize
s
ch
o
o
l
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
an
d
cr
ea
te
co
n
d
itio
n
s
th
at
m
u
s
t
b
e
m
et
to
ac
h
iev
e
v
ar
io
u
s
s
ch
o
o
l
g
o
als.
C
ald
well
[
4
0
]
,
w
h
o
e
x
am
in
e
d
th
e
SG
s
am
p
le
in
Au
s
tr
alia,
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
s
ch
o
o
ls
th
at
u
s
ed
th
e
SG
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
wo
u
l
d
ex
p
er
ien
ce
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
teac
h
in
g
an
d
lear
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
is
also
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
r
esear
ch
[
3
4
,
4
0
,
4
1
]
,
wh
ic
h
s
tates
th
at
th
e
d
ec
en
tr
aliza
tio
n
o
f
r
ef
o
r
m
s
p
r
o
v
id
es
s
ig
n
if
i
ca
n
t
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
ts
,
b
o
th
in
ter
m
s
o
f
im
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
a
n
d
lear
n
in
g
ac
h
iev
e
m
en
t
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
s
ch
o
o
l
e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
.
SG
i
s
co
n
s
id
er
ed
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
h
ea
lth
ier
lea
r
n
in
g
a
n
d
teac
h
i
n
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
t
h
at
ca
n
u
ltima
t
ely
im
p
r
o
v
e
s
tu
d
en
t
ac
h
iev
e
m
en
t
[
4
0
,
4
2
-
4
6
]
.
L
o
,
et
a
l.
[
4
7
]
s
u
g
g
ested
th
at
s
ch
o
o
l
au
to
n
o
m
y
p
o
s
itiv
ely
a
f
f
ec
ts
s
ch
o
o
l
g
o
v
e
r
n
an
ce
a
n
d
m
an
ag
em
en
t,
s
ch
o
o
l
-
b
ased
c
u
r
r
icu
lu
m
,
teac
h
er
wo
r
k
,
an
d
s
tu
d
en
t le
ar
n
i
n
g
if
th
er
e
is
f
ir
m
lead
er
s
h
ip
,
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t,
an
d
ad
eq
u
ate
s
ch
o
o
l
clim
ate.
I
n
c
o
n
clu
s
io
n
,
L
eith
wo
o
d
,
et
a
l.
[
4
8
]
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
o
u
t
o
f
1
1
s
cien
tific
jo
u
r
n
als
th
at
r
e
p
o
r
te
d
SG
'
s
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
s
ch
o
o
l
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
,
f
iv
e
o
f
1
1
s
cien
tific
jo
u
r
n
als
r
ep
o
r
ted
n
eg
ativ
e
o
r
n
eu
tr
al
ef
f
ec
ts
,
an
d
s
ix
s
tu
d
ies r
ep
o
r
ted
p
o
s
itiv
e
ef
f
ec
ts
.
Hen
ce
,
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
h
y
p
o
t
h
eses
:
H2
: "
Sch
o
o
l G
o
v
er
n
an
ce
is
p
o
s
iti
v
ely
r
elate
d
to
Sch
o
o
l M
an
a
g
e
m
en
t E
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
.
"
E
ac
h
s
ch
o
o
l
ce
r
tain
l
y
h
as
its
p
ictu
r
e
r
elate
d
to
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
s
c
h
o
o
ls
f
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
q
u
ality
i
n
s
ch
o
o
ls
.
T
h
e
q
u
ality
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
lea
d
s
to
a
p
r
o
s
p
ec
tiv
e
f
u
tu
r
e,
s
o
in
s
ig
h
ts
ab
o
u
t
th
e
q
u
ality
in
d
ex
an
d
v
ir
tu
al
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
n
ee
d
to
b
e
m
ad
e
to
ca
teg
o
r
ies
i
n
v
a
r
io
u
s
s
tr
ata
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
f
o
r
ex
am
p
le,
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
,
ed
u
ca
tio
n
m
an
ag
em
en
t,
an
d
s
taf
f
.
Qu
ality
m
u
s
t
b
e
b
r
o
u
g
h
t
to
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
all
asp
ec
ts
f
r
o
m
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
to
class
r
o
o
m
tea
ch
in
g
,
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t,
an
d
s
cien
tific
tem
p
er
am
e
n
t
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t.
T
o
co
m
p
ete
in
a
g
lo
b
al
co
n
tex
t,
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
esp
ec
ially
s
ch
o
o
ls
m
u
s
t
p
r
o
m
o
te
q
u
ality
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
All
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
m
u
s
t
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
o
p
h
is
ticated
i
n
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e,
q
u
ality
teac
h
in
g
s
taf
f
,
an
d
q
u
ality
m
an
ag
em
en
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
im
p
l
em
en
tatio
n
o
f
T
QM
.
No
t
o
n
l
y
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
-
ass
is
ted
in
s
titu
ti
o
n
s
b
u
t
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
p
r
iv
ately
m
an
ag
ed
m
u
s
t
b
e
u
r
g
ed
to
a
d
o
p
t
th
e
T
QM
p
h
ilo
s
o
p
h
y
.
T
QM
m
u
s
t
b
e
ap
p
lie
d
to
o
th
er
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
f
o
r
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
[
4
9
]
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
s
o
m
e
b
asic
p
r
i
n
cip
les
an
d
to
o
ls
in
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
c
atio
n
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
t
h
at
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
lied
b
ec
au
s
e
th
ey
h
a
v
e
th
e
in
s
tr
u
m
en
ts
s
er
v
ice
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
a
n
d
th
eir
g
o
v
er
n
a
n
ce
a
n
d
m
an
ag
em
en
t
b
o
ar
d
s
ar
e
s
u
b
j
ec
t
to
ac
ad
e
m
ic
m
is
s
io
n
,
g
o
als,
an
d
s
tr
ateg
ies.
T
QM
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
lied
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
in
an
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
,
esp
ec
ially
in
s
ch
o
o
ls
th
at
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
in
c
r
ea
s
in
g
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
to
t
h
e
h
ig
h
est
lev
el
[
5
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
in
ci
p
les
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
T
QM
h
av
e
wid
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
e
t
h
e
r
esu
lts
ex
p
ec
ted
b
y
th
e
o
r
g
a
n
i
za
tio
n
.
T
h
is
o
n
g
o
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
h
as
cr
ea
ted
an
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
o
f
u
n
ity
,
ch
an
g
e
an
d
tr
u
s
t th
at
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t o
f
t
h
e
s
ch
o
o
l
[
5
0
]
.
T
QM
is
a
m
an
ag
er
ial
in
s
tr
u
m
en
t
f
o
r
s
o
lv
in
g
p
r
o
b
lem
s
r
elate
d
to
s
er
v
ices
an
d
tactics
in
th
e
ac
ad
em
ic
in
d
u
s
tr
y
a
n
d
ca
n
b
e
i
n
lin
e
with
ed
u
ca
tio
n
i
n
d
u
s
tr
y
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
[
5
1
,
5
2
]
.
T
h
e
s
am
e
th
in
g
wa
s
co
n
v
ey
e
d
also
b
y
Ko
ch
an
d
Fis
h
er
[
5
3
]
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
em
,
T
QM
wer
e
r
el
ev
an
t
to
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
es
p
ec
ially
h
ig
h
e
r
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
b
ec
au
s
e
T
QM
is
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
-
o
r
ien
ted
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
d
esig
n
ed
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
ity
,
r
ed
u
ce
co
s
ts
,
an
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
q
u
ality
.
Dem
in
g
[
5
4
]
s
tates
th
at
T
QM
s
'
ad
o
p
tio
n
will
h
elp
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
to
m
ain
tain
co
m
p
etitiv
en
ess
,
elim
in
ate
in
e
f
f
icien
cies
in
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
,
h
elp
co
n
ce
n
tr
ate
o
n
m
ar
k
et
n
ee
d
s
,
ac
h
iev
e
h
ig
h
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
all
f
ield
s
,
an
d
m
ee
t
th
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
all
s
tak
eh
o
l
d
er
s
.
T
h
is
is
in
lin
e
with
T
r
ib
u
s
[
5
5
]
wh
ic
h
s
tates
th
at
ed
u
ca
tio
n
ca
n
b
e
im
p
r
o
v
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
q
u
ality
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
T
QM
is
a
b
le
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
m
ak
in
g
th
e
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
m
o
tiv
atio
n
al,
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
,
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
s
p
ee
d
o
f
tr
ain
in
g
s
er
v
ices,
an
d
r
ed
u
cin
g
c
o
s
ts
[
5
6
]
.
T
QM
is
d
ef
in
ed
a
s
et
o
f
to
o
l
s
u
s
ed
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
p
an
y
[
5
7
]
.
T
h
is
s
h
o
ws
th
at
T
QM
h
as
a
f
lex
ib
le
n
atu
r
e
th
at
ca
n
b
e
ad
ju
s
ted
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
s
itu
atio
n
an
d
ap
p
lies
to
an
y
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
[
2
]
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
T
QM
wh
ich
is
u
s
u
ally
o
n
ly
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
in
a
m
an
u
f
ac
t
u
r
in
g
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
n
o
w
also
ap
p
lies
to
s
ch
o
o
ls
b
ec
a
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
b
en
ef
its
o
f
th
is
T
QM
[
5
8
]
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
c
u
s
es
o
n
q
u
ality
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
f
o
r
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
al
s
y
s
tem
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
in
th
e
e
d
u
c
atio
n
s
ec
to
r
.
Sah
n
ey
,
et
a
l
.
[
3
]
an
d
Sh
ar
p
le
s
,
et
a
l
.
[
5
9
]
ar
g
u
e
th
at
T
QM
ca
n
b
e
a
p
p
lied
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
as
lo
n
g
as
its
ad
o
p
tio
n
is
p
ar
t
o
f
a
s
tr
ateg
ic
p
lan
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
th
at
h
as
T
QM
as
an
o
b
jectiv
e
an
d
is
ad
ju
s
ted
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
co
n
tex
t
.
Af
ter
th
e
s
tr
ateg
ic
p
lan
h
as
b
ee
n
ad
o
p
ted
,
an
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
p
la
n
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
p
r
ep
ar
ed
to
f
ac
ilit
ate
th
e
ac
h
iev
em
en
t
o
f
T
Q
M
o
b
jectiv
es.
Prin
cip
als
n
ee
d
to
en
co
u
r
ag
e
th
e
a
d
o
p
tio
n
an
d
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
T
QM
p
h
ilo
s
o
p
h
ies
th
at
ar
e
ad
ju
s
ted
in
s
ch
o
o
ls
b
y
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatin
g
g
o
als
an
d
p
o
licie
s
an
d
b
y
m
o
d
elin
g
co
m
m
itm
en
ts
to
a
q
u
ality
c
u
ltu
r
e
[
6
0
]
.
Ad
o
p
tin
g
T
QM
as
a
ch
an
g
e
s
tr
ateg
y
f
o
r
s
ch
o
o
ls
d
o
es
n
o
t
m
ea
n
th
a
t
s
ch
o
o
ls
m
u
s
t
s
ee
k
p
er
f
ec
tio
n
in
all
th
eir
p
r
o
d
u
cts
an
d
s
er
v
i
ce
s
,
b
u
t
s
ch
o
o
ls
m
u
s
t
s
tr
iv
e
t
o
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
b
est
s
er
v
ices
&
p
r
o
d
u
cts
&
th
e
b
est
q
u
ality
in
u
n
iq
u
e
co
n
tex
ts
an
d
cir
cu
m
s
tan
ce
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
q
u
ality
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
ar
e
co
n
tex
tu
al
an
d
t
h
e
m
ain
o
b
jec
tiv
e
is
to
b
ec
o
m
e
a
s
tar
tin
g
p
o
in
t
f
o
r
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es
an
d
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
th
at
will im
p
r
o
v
e
q
u
ality
[
6
1
]
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
T
QM
as
a
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
s
ch
o
o
l
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
is
r
elev
an
t
to
m
an
y
ex
p
e
r
ien
ce
s
a
s
in
v
esti
g
ated
in
p
r
iv
ate
an
d
p
u
b
l
ic
co
m
p
an
ies,
an
d
m
an
y
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
[
4
]
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
th
is
m
o
d
el
h
as
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
10
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
2
1
:
1
61
-
1
73
166
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
f
o
r
m
an
y
y
ea
r
s
o
u
ts
id
e
th
e
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
t
h
is
m
o
d
el
h
as
b
ee
n
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
b
y
m
o
s
t
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
lead
er
s
as
a
n
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
h
ig
h
er
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
f
o
r
h
ie
r
ar
ch
ical
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
u
n
its
[
4
]
.
E
v
id
e
n
ce
f
r
o
m
m
an
y
r
esear
ch
s
tu
d
ies
s
h
o
ws
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
ter
m
s
o
f
in
cr
ea
s
ed
em
p
lo
y
ee
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
ity
an
d
o
v
er
all
ch
an
g
es to
ad
v
an
ce
p
u
b
li
c
s
er
v
ices p
r
o
v
id
e
d
b
y
m
em
b
er
s
o
f
t
h
e
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
to
cu
s
to
m
er
s
.
Ho
y
le
[
6
2
]
s
tates
th
at
m
an
ag
em
en
t
th
eo
r
y
is
r
elate
d
to
g
u
id
i
n
g
p
r
ac
tices
an
d
en
ab
les
p
r
ac
t
itio
n
er
s
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
al
ef
f
ec
ti
v
en
ess
.
I
n
lin
e
with
th
is
o
p
in
i
o
n
,
Mc
Ma
h
o
n
[
6
3
]
ad
d
s
th
at
m
an
ag
em
en
t
th
eo
r
y
is
a
p
r
ac
tice
g
u
i
d
elin
e
th
at
al
s
o
in
clu
d
es
d
ec
is
io
n
m
ak
in
g
an
d
au
th
o
r
ity
f
o
r
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
.
W
h
ile
Oak
lan
d
[
6
4
]
an
d
Su
m
m
er
s
[
6
5
]
r
ev
ea
led
th
at
T
QM
is
o
n
e
way
o
f
m
an
ag
in
g
an
o
r
g
an
iz
atio
n
as
a
wh
o
le
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
al
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
,
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
e
ti
tiv
en
ess
.
T
h
is
in
d
icate
s
a
r
el
atio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
m
an
ag
em
en
t a
n
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
t
o
L
ez
o
tte
[
6
]
,
th
er
e
is
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
th
e
p
r
in
cip
les
o
f
in
teg
r
ated
q
u
ality
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
a
n
d
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
ec
o
lo
g
y
.
I
n
th
e
f
ield
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
t
h
is
q
u
ality
m
an
ag
em
en
t
p
r
ac
tice
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e
to
s
ee
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
f
ac
ed
b
y
s
ch
o
o
ls
an
d
as
a
to
o
l
to
r
em
o
v
e
o
b
s
ta
cles
in
cr
ea
tin
g
an
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
s
ch
o
o
l.
T
h
is
h
u
m
an
-
f
o
cu
s
ed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ca
n
co
n
tr
i
b
u
te
f
u
lly
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
ed
u
c
atio
n
s
'
q
u
ali
ty
an
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
o
r
g
a
n
iza
tio
n
s
'
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t.
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
'
in
p
u
ts
an
d
o
u
t
p
u
ts
ar
e
h
u
m
an
,
an
d
th
e
m
ain
ac
to
r
s
ar
e
t
h
ese
h
u
m
a
n
s
at
all
lev
els
an
d
in
all
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es.
Hu
m
an
with
o
u
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
(
b
o
th
as c
u
s
to
m
e
r
s
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
er
s
)
will a
f
f
ec
t th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
[
6
6
]
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e:
H3
: "
T
o
tal
Qu
ality
Ma
n
ag
em
e
n
t
h
as a
p
o
s
itiv
e
ass
o
ciatio
n
with
Sch
o
o
l M
an
ag
e
m
en
t E
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
.
"
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
L
ian
t
o
s
&
Pam
atm
at'
s
r
esear
ch
[
2
3
]
th
at
th
e
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
T
QM
,
in
g
en
e
r
al,
in
f
lu
en
ce
s
s
ch
o
o
l
lead
e
r
s
h
ip
.
T
QM
p
r
ac
tices
h
av
e
a
r
e
latio
n
s
h
ip
with
s
taf
f
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
a
n
d
s
ch
o
o
l
lead
er
s
h
ip
in
ca
r
r
y
in
g
o
u
t
th
ei
r
r
o
le
in
SG.
T
h
is
im
p
lies
th
at
th
e
p
r
in
cip
al
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
c
u
ltu
r
e
th
at
r
e
q
u
ir
es
q
u
ality
in
all
asp
ec
ts
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l
o
p
er
atio
n
s
an
d
a
h
o
lis
tic
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
s
ch
o
o
l
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
an
d
th
e
cr
ea
tio
n
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
.
I
n
o
th
er
wo
r
d
s
,
T
QM
p
lay
s
a
r
o
le
in
cr
ea
tin
g
SG
ap
p
licatio
n
s
th
at
ca
n
im
p
r
o
v
e
s
ch
o
o
l
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
b
y
m
a
k
in
g
t
h
o
s
e
clo
s
est
to
s
er
v
ice
d
eliv
er
y
(
teac
h
er
s
,
p
r
in
cip
als,
an
d
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
ity
)
m
o
r
e
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t,
m
o
r
e
in
v
o
lv
ed
,
an
d
th
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
m
o
r
e
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
d
e
cisi
o
n
s
tak
en
.
Plu
s
,
s
ch
o
o
l m
an
ag
e
m
en
t b
ased
o
n
T
QM
is
an
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
way
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
s
ch
o
o
l q
u
ality
s
y
s
tem
s
[
6
7
]
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
Ar
ar
an
d
Nasr
a's
r
esear
ch
[
6
8
]
r
e
v
ea
l
ed
th
at
th
er
e
is
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
r
e
latio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
SG
an
d
s
ch
o
o
l
ef
f
e
ctiv
en
ess
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
h
im
,
with
th
e
SG
p
r
ac
tice,
t
h
e
p
r
in
cip
al'
s
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
au
th
o
r
ity
,
s
ch
o
o
l
d
ec
i
s
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
,
an
d
t
h
e
in
v
o
lv
e
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
b
o
ar
d
co
u
l
d
em
er
g
e
to
b
e
ab
le
to
cr
ea
te
a
b
etter
teac
h
in
g
an
d
lear
n
in
g
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
a
n
d
s
tu
d
en
t
ac
ad
em
ic
ac
h
iev
em
en
t
.
I
n
lin
e
with
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
B
an
d
u
r
[
1
0
]
a
n
d
Ga
m
ag
e
[
4
5
]
s
u
g
g
est
th
at
SG
ca
n
em
p
o
we
r
s
ch
o
o
ls
to
d
ev
elo
p
a
h
ig
h
er
q
u
ality
ed
u
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
a
h
ea
lth
ier
teac
h
in
g
an
d
lear
n
i
n
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
s
tr
o
n
g
e
r
p
ar
en
t
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
ity
in
v
o
lv
em
e
n
t,
an
d
s
tr
o
n
g
e
r
s
tu
d
en
t
o
u
tco
m
es.
B
etter
as
an
in
d
ica
to
r
o
f
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
s
ch
o
o
ls
[
1
0
,
4
5
]
.
So
,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
clu
d
e
d
th
at
th
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
o
f
T
QM
in
s
ch
o
o
ls
in
f
lu
en
ce
s
th
e
lead
er
s
h
ip
o
f
p
r
in
ci
p
als,
wh
ich
in
tu
r
n
ca
n
m
ax
im
ize
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
th
e
p
r
i
n
cip
al
in
ca
r
r
y
in
g
o
u
t
s
ch
o
o
l
g
o
v
er
n
a
n
ce
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
g
o
als
an
d
m
ax
im
ize
s
ch
o
o
l
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
we
h
y
p
o
th
esize:
H4
:
"Sch
o
o
l
Go
v
er
n
a
n
ce
m
e
d
i
ates
th
e
r
el
atio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
e
n
T
o
tal
Q
u
ality
Ma
n
a
g
em
en
t
an
d
Sch
o
o
l
Ma
n
ag
em
en
t E
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
.
"
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Resea
rc
h
des
ig
n
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
e
m
p
lo
y
e
d
q
u
an
titat
iv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
I
t
is
a
d
ata
-
b
ase
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
wh
er
e
in
th
e
c
o
n
cl
u
s
io
n
s
ar
e
m
ad
e
b
ased
o
n
s
tatis
tical
m
eth
o
d
s
.
Data
c
o
llectio
n
u
s
in
g
s
u
r
v
e
y
m
et
h
o
d
s
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
es.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
was
co
n
d
u
cted
in
th
e
p
r
o
v
in
ce
s
o
f
E
ast
J
av
a
an
d
J
ak
ar
ta
as
t
wo
p
r
o
v
in
ce
s
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
th
at
h
av
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
th
e
R
eg
io
n
al
Pu
b
lic
Ser
v
ice
Ag
en
c
y
(
s
ch
o
o
l
-
b
ased
en
t
er
p
r
is
e)
in
I
n
d
o
n
es
ia
Vo
ca
tio
n
al
Hig
h
Sch
o
o
l.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
was c
o
n
d
u
cted
in
Ma
r
ch
2
0
2
0
to
Ma
r
c
h
2
0
2
1
.
2
.
2
.
P
o
pu
la
t
io
n
a
nd
s
a
m
pl
e
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
p
o
p
u
latio
n
was
th
e
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l
with
th
e
R
eg
io
n
al
Pu
b
lic
Ser
v
ice
Ag
e
n
c
y
s
tatu
s
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
as
th
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
U
n
it
p
o
p
u
latio
n
m
em
b
er
s
in
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
wer
e
4
3
,
1
4
2
p
e
o
p
le
wh
o
wer
e
p
r
in
cip
als,
teac
h
er
s
,
an
d
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
T
h
e
s
am
p
le
s
iz
e
is
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
in
g
th
e
Slo
v
in
f
o
r
m
u
la.
E
ac
h
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l
is
h
eter
o
g
en
eo
u
s
b
ec
au
s
e
it
h
as
d
if
f
er
en
t
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
f
o
r
ea
ch
s
ch
o
o
l,
s
o
s
tr
atif
ie
d
r
an
d
o
m
s
am
p
lin
g
is
u
s
ed
b
y
m
ak
in
g
ea
ch
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l
as
s
tr
ata.
T
h
is
s
am
p
lin
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
co
n
s
id
er
s
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
th
e
s
am
p
le
f
r
o
m
ea
ch
s
tr
atu
m
[
6
9
]
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
ti
o
n
al
s
tr
atif
ied
r
an
d
o
m
s
am
p
lin
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
u
s
ed
s
o
th
at
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
is
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
t
o
th
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
f
o
r
ea
ch
s
ch
o
o
l.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
s
am
p
le
d
escr
ib
ed
in
T
ab
le
1.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
Th
e
imp
r
o
vin
g
o
f e
ffective
n
ess
s
ch
o
o
l
-
b
a
s
ed
en
terp
r
is
e:
A
s
tr
u
ctu
r
a
l e
q
u
a
tio
n
…
(
A
r
ie
Wib
o
w
o
K
h
u
r
n
ia
w
a
n
)
167
T
ab
l
e
1
.
Vo
ca
tio
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l lis
t a
n
d
s
am
p
le
s
ize
No
V
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
h
i
g
h
sc
h
o
o
l
P
o
p
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
S
a
mp
l
e
s
i
z
e
1
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M
K
N
1
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u
r
a
b
a
y
a
2
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9
8
6
27
2
S
M
K
N
5
S
u
r
a
b
a
y
a
3
,
0
5
4
28
3
S
M
K
N
6
S
u
r
a
b
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a
2
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5
3
4
23
4
S
M
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1
B
u
d
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r
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n
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i
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5
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u
d
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6
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18
7
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a
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28
8
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21
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22
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36
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38
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31
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19
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6
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a
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3
24
1
7
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K
N
4
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a
l
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n
g
3
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5
6
38
1
8
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M
K
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1
1
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a
l
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1
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9
2
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24
1
9
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6
6
28
10
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30
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5
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7
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3
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5
Jem
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r
2
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6
8
9
34
2
4
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3
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4
1
6
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2
5
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1
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3
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20
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6
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P
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2
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2
4
2
28
2
8
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l
a
g
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2
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1
2
1
26
2
9
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M
K
N
P
P
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g
e
r
i
1
Te
g
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l
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mp
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l
7
3
9
9
3
0
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K
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1
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n
a
n
g
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n
2
,
1
7
3
27
3
1
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M
K
N
5
7
J
a
k
a
r
t
a
1
,
2
7
3
16
3
2
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K
N
2
7
J
a
k
a
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t
a
1
,
4
0
0
17
3
3
S
M
K
N
3
6
J
a
k
a
r
t
a
8
5
4
11
3
4
S
M
K
N
2
6
J
a
k
a
r
t
a
5
7
0
7
3
5
S
M
K
N
6
3
J
a
k
a
r
t
a
5
7
0
7
To
t
a
l
o
f
r
e
sp
o
n
d
e
n
t
s
43
,
142
5
3
3
2
.
3
.
Va
ria
ble
m
ea
s
urem
ent
s
T
o
tal
q
u
ality
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
(
T
QM
)
was
a
laten
t
ex
o
g
en
o
u
s
v
ar
iab
le.
T
QM
is
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
y
f
iv
e
in
d
icato
r
s
ad
o
p
ted
f
r
o
m
B
er
g
m
an
&
Klef
s
jö
[
7
0
]
;
Ken
n
er
f
alk
[
7
1
]
.
Sch
o
o
l
g
o
v
er
n
a
n
c
e
(
S
G
)
i
s
a
n
e
x
o
g
e
n
o
u
s
l
a
t
e
n
t
a
n
d
i
n
t
e
r
v
e
n
i
n
g
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
.
T
h
e
S
G
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
s
u
s
e
e
i
g
h
t
p
r
i
n
c
i
p
l
e
s
t
a
k
e
n
f
r
o
m
H
é
n
a
r
d
&
M
i
t
t
e
r
l
e
[
7
2
]
;
I
SS
A
[
7
3
]
;
Qu
y
e
n
[
7
4
]
.
Sch
o
o
l
Ma
n
ag
em
en
t
E
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
is
an
en
d
o
g
en
o
u
s
laten
t
v
ar
ia
b
le.
I
t
is
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
y
s
ix
in
d
icato
r
s
f
r
o
m
H
o
y
[
1
8
]
;
Ver
m
a
&
C
h
ab
r
a
[
7
5
]
;
Sch
ee
r
ee
n
s
[
7
6
]
.
All
item
s
o
f
r
esear
ch
i
n
s
tr
u
m
en
ts
wer
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
u
s
in
g
a
5
-
p
o
i
n
t
L
ik
er
t
Scale,
r
a
n
g
in
g
f
r
o
m
1
(
s
tr
o
n
g
l
y
d
is
ag
r
ee
)
to
5
(
s
t
r
o
n
g
ly
ag
r
ee
)
.
T
h
e
v
ar
iab
les f
ef
in
itio
n
a
n
d
in
d
icato
r
s
s
h
o
wn
in
T
a
b
le
2
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
10
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
2
1
:
1
61
-
1
73
168
T
ab
l
e
2.
Var
iab
les d
e
f
in
itio
n
a
n
d
in
d
icato
r
s
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
s
D
e
f
i
n
i
t
i
o
n
I
n
d
i
c
a
t
o
r
s
S
c
h
o
o
l
g
o
v
e
r
n
a
n
c
e
Th
e
r
i
g
h
t
o
f
sc
h
o
o
l
a
u
t
o
n
o
my
t
o
i
mp
l
e
me
n
t
s
c
h
o
o
l
man
a
g
e
me
n
t
,
e
sp
e
c
i
a
l
l
y
i
n
t
h
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
h
u
m
a
n
r
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
,
f
i
n
a
n
c
i
a
l
a
n
d
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
r
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
a
t
s
c
h
o
o
l
[
1
9
,
2
9
,
40]
.
1.
Tr
a
n
s
p
a
r
e
n
c
y
2.
A
c
c
o
u
n
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
3.
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
y
4.
P
a
r
t
i
c
i
p
a
t
i
o
n
5.
A
u
t
o
n
o
m
y
6.
Eq
u
a
l
i
t
y
7.
P
r
e
d
i
c
t
a
b
l
e
8.
D
y
n
a
mi
c
H
e
n
a
r
d
&
M
i
t
t
e
r
l
e
[
7
2
]
;
I
S
S
A
[
7
3
]
;
Q
u
y
e
n
[
7
4
]
.
To
t
a
l
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
man
a
g
e
me
n
t
A
man
a
g
e
me
n
t
s
t
r
a
t
e
g
y
s
y
s
t
e
m
t
o
i
mp
r
o
v
e
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
a
n
d
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
,
b
y
r
e
sp
o
n
d
i
n
g
a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e
l
y
t
o
e
v
e
r
y
c
h
a
n
g
e
.
I
t
a
i
m
s
t
o
s
a
t
i
s
f
y
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
s
,
p
a
r
e
n
t
s
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
[
5
7
,
7
7
,
7
8
]
.
1.
C
u
s
t
o
mer f
o
c
u
s
2.
P
r
o
c
e
ss
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
3.
P
a
r
t
i
c
i
p
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
a
l
l
p
a
r
t
i
e
s
4.
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
o
u
s i
m
p
r
o
v
e
me
n
t
5.
F
a
c
t
-
b
a
s
e
d
d
e
c
i
si
o
n
ma
k
i
n
g
.
B
e
r
g
ma
n
&
K
l
e
f
sj
ö
[
7
0
]
;
K
e
n
n
e
r
f
a
l
k
[
7
1
]
.
S
c
h
o
o
l
man
a
g
e
me
n
t
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
n
e
ss
Th
e
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
o
f
s
c
h
o
o
l
s
t
o
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
serv
i
c
e
s
f
o
r
st
u
d
e
n
t
s w
i
t
h
a
t
a
r
g
e
t
e
d
p
e
r
i
o
d
[
7
6
]
.
1.
S
t
r
o
n
g
l
e
a
d
e
r
sh
i
p
2.
Emp
h
a
s
i
s
o
n
b
a
si
c
s
k
i
l
l
3.
S
e
c
u
r
e
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
4.
Th
e
h
i
g
h
e
x
p
e
c
t
a
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
a
c
h
i
e
v
e
me
n
t
5.
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
o
u
s a
ss
e
ssm
e
n
t
6.
B
u
d
g
e
t
ma
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
f
l
e
x
i
b
i
l
i
t
y
H
o
y
[
1
8
]
;
V
e
r
ma
&
C
h
a
b
r
a
[
7
5
]
;
S
c
h
e
e
r
e
e
n
s [
7
6
]
.
C
o
n
f
ir
m
ato
r
y
f
ac
to
r
an
aly
s
is
is
u
s
ed
to
test
th
e
v
alid
ity
o
f
eig
h
t
Sch
o
o
l
Go
v
er
n
an
ce
in
d
icato
r
s
,
f
iv
e
in
d
icato
r
s
o
f
T
o
tal
Qu
ality
Ma
n
ag
em
en
t,
an
d
s
ix
in
d
icato
r
s
o
f
Sch
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o
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Ma
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en
t
E
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tiv
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ess
.
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o
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ir
m
ato
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Facto
r
An
aly
s
is
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an
ad
eq
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ate
tech
n
iq
u
e
in
test
in
g
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
in
g
o
f
em
p
ir
ical
co
n
s
tr
u
cts
(
f
ac
to
r
s
)
in
a
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
al
m
o
d
el
[
7
9
]
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt o
f
v
alid
ity
a
n
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
test
in
g
d
escr
ib
ed
in
T
ab
le
3
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
C
o
n
f
ir
m
at
o
r
y
Facto
r
An
aly
s
is
s
h
o
w
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
lo
ad
in
g
f
ac
to
r
s
o
f
all
Sch
o
o
l
Go
v
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n
an
ce
in
d
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o
r
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,
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o
tal
Qu
ality
Ma
n
a
g
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en
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an
d
S
ch
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o
l
Ma
n
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em
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n
t
E
f
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
v
ar
iab
les
h
av
e
v
alu
es
g
r
ea
ter
th
a
n
0
.
5
0
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
it
ca
n
b
e
c
o
n
clu
d
e
d
th
at
all
in
d
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r
s
ca
n
e
x
p
lain
t
h
e
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
s
o
th
at
it
is
f
ea
s
ib
le
to
u
s
e
f
o
r
th
e
n
e
x
t
s
tag
e.
C
r
o
n
b
ac
h
'
s
alp
h
a
is
a
c
o
n
v
en
ie
n
t
test
u
s
ed
to
esti
m
ate
r
eliab
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y
.
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esti
n
g
th
e
r
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b
ilit
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n
s
tr
u
ct
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tain
ed
C
r
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ac
h
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h
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co
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icien
t
0
.
9
3
6
,
0
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9
2
6
,
an
d
0
.
9
2
8
f
o
r
s
ch
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l
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v
er
n
an
ce
,
to
tal
q
u
ality
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t,
an
d
s
ch
o
o
l
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
ab
le
3
.
Valid
ity
an
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
test
in
g
I
t
e
m
I
n
d
i
c
a
t
o
r
s
S
c
h
o
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g
o
v
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a
n
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e
To
t
a
l
q
u
a
l
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t
y
man
a
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me
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t
S
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m
a
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X
1
.
1
Tr
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n
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p
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c
y
0
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7
3
3
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1
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2
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c
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1
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3
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7
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Eq
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7
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7
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5
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a
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t
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7
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4
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6
B
u
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l
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t
y
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7
9
9
C
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a
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h
a
0
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9
3
6
0
.
9
2
6
0
.
9
2
8
2
.
4
.
Da
t
a
a
na
ly
s
is
Hy
p
o
th
esis
test
in
g
to
test
wh
eth
er
ex
o
g
en
o
u
s
laten
t
v
ar
iab
les
h
av
e
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
en
d
o
g
e
n
o
u
s
laten
t
v
ar
iab
les.
T
h
e
test
u
s
ed
th
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
al
e
q
u
atio
n
m
o
d
elin
g
(
SEM
)
s
tatis
tical
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
e
SEM
is
a
tech
n
iq
u
e
to
test
th
e
ca
u
s
alit
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r
elatio
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s
h
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in
wh
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h
ch
an
g
es
in
o
n
e
v
ar
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b
le
ag
ai
n
s
t
o
th
er
v
a
r
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ar
e
b
ased
o
n
th
eo
r
y
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
in
d
ev
el
o
p
in
g
h
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p
o
th
eses
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d
m
o
d
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g
,
th
e
o
r
etica
l stu
d
ies ar
e
n
ee
d
e
d
[
7
9
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
Th
e
imp
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vin
g
o
f e
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n
ess
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ch
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-
b
a
s
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en
terp
r
is
e:
A
s
tr
u
ctu
r
a
l e
q
u
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tio
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(
A
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w
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h
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a
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)
169
Af
ter
b
u
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t
h
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th
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f
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ewo
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p
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test
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r
r
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o
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t
to
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ex
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icatio
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f
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d
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f
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m
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Go
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Fit
d
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o
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m
ee
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th
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estab
lis
h
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tan
d
ar
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s
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Descript
iv
e
a
na
ly
s
is
R
esear
ch
r
esp
o
n
d
e
n
ts
wer
e
5
3
3
p
e
o
p
le
wh
o
a
r
e
1
3
s
ch
o
o
l
p
r
i
n
c
i
p
a
l
s
,
1
7
2
t
e
a
c
h
e
r
s
,
a
n
d
3
4
8
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
s
.
T
a
b
l
e
4
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
f
e
m
a
l
e
r
e
s
p
o
n
d
e
n
t
s
m
o
r
e
t
h
a
n
m
a
l
e
.
T
h
e
m
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
o
f
r
e
s
p
o
n
d
e
n
t
s
a
s
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
s
a
r
e
6
5
.
3
%
.
T
ab
le
4
.
Dem
o
g
r
ap
h
ics o
f
r
es
p
o
n
d
e
n
ts
D
e
mo
g
r
a
p
h
y
D
e
scri
p
t
i
o
n
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e
G
e
n
d
e
r
F
e
mal
e
2
7
1
5
0
.
8
%
M
a
l
e
2
6
2
4
9
.
2
%
P
o
si
t
i
o
n
P
r
i
n
c
i
p
a
l
13
2
.
4
%
Te
a
c
h
e
r
1
7
2
3
2
.
3
%
S
t
u
d
e
n
t
3
4
8
6
5
.
3
%
Ed
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
l
e
v
e
l
Ju
n
i
o
r
h
i
g
h
sc
h
o
o
l
3
4
8
6
5
.
3
%
D
i
p
l
o
m
a
4
12
2
.
3
%
U
n
d
e
r
g
r
a
d
u
a
t
e
1
0
3
1
9
.
3
%
M
a
s
t
e
r
67
1
2
.
6
%
D
o
c
t
o
r
3
0
.
6
%
3
.
2
.
Ana
ly
s
is
o
f
s
t
ruct
ura
l e
qu
a
t
i
o
n m
o
delin
g
A
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
d
ata
an
aly
s
is
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t,
in
wh
ich
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ity
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les
wer
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test
ed
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a
co
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m
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y
f
ac
to
r
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s
in
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1
was c
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an
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T
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SG)
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an
d
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t E
f
f
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al
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o
d
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i
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Fig
u
r
e
2
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r
e
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s
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in
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a
d
a
p
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itiv
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an
d
s
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n
if
ican
t
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t o
n
SG.
T
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t v
alu
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ex
p
lain
s
th
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f
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in
th
e
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tio
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-
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ased
e
n
ter
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e,
th
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etter
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n
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e
will
b
e
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r
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ied
o
u
t
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y
th
e
s
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h
o
o
l.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
is
co
n
clu
s
io
n
ar
e
in
lin
e
wit
h
r
esear
ch
b
y
L
ia
n
to
s
&
Pam
atm
at
[
2
3
]
.
T
QM
p
r
ac
tices
es
p
ec
ially
r
elatin
g
to
lead
er
s
h
ip
th
at
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o
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s
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h
as
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ip
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n
t.
T
h
e
r
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n
s
h
ip
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etwe
en
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d
SG r
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v
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led
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ter
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th
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en
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e
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m
en
t.
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to
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ip
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en
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r
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s
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ess
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u
l im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
T
QM
in
an
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
[
8
0
]
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
s
ec
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n
d
h
y
p
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test
p
r
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ce
f
in
d
in
g
s
th
at
SG
h
a
s
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p
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e
an
d
s
ig
n
if
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t
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f
ec
t
o
n
th
e
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t v
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iab
les o
f
s
ch
o
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l
m
an
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g
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en
t
ef
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ess
.
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h
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f
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b
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ased
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it
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h
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f
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g
is
in
lin
e
with
r
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ch
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n
d
u
cte
d
b
y
B
an
d
u
r
[
3
4
]
an
d
Vo
lan
s
k
y
&
Frie
d
m
an
[
4
1
]
wh
ich
s
tates
th
a
t
s
ch
o
o
ls
th
at
im
p
lem
en
t
t
h
e
SG
co
m
p
o
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en
t
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ig
n
if
ican
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ly
im
p
r
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s
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d
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r
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t
im
p
r
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b
o
th
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n
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ess
.
SG
ca
n
im
p
r
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e
s
ch
o
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l
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ec
tiv
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ess
b
ec
au
s
e
s
ch
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o
ls
th
at
h
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e
im
p
lem
en
ted
SG
ca
n
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ely
im
p
r
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e
s
ch
o
o
l
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
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