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Hig
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1.
I
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tr
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an
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tech
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T
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T
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[
5
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6
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1
1456
in
s
titu
tio
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s
,
as
well
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to
all
g
o
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m
e
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t
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[
9
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Ash
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3
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Alm
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Sh
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Mo
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[
9
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d
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r
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o
lo
g
y
h
as
b
ee
n
im
p
lem
en
ted
.
First
ly
,
u
n
p
r
ed
i
ctab
le
d
o
wn
tim
e
,
it
ca
n
h
ap
p
e
n
wh
en
th
e
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
m
ai
n
tain
s
th
e
s
er
v
er
o
r
wh
e
n
u
n
f
o
r
eseen
f
ailu
r
es
o
cc
u
r
[
4
]
,
[
11
]
.
Seco
n
d
ly
,
a
s
s
o
f
twar
e
is
r
em
o
tely
ac
ce
s
s
ed
,
it
is
u
n
d
er
s
to
o
d
th
at
it
is
n
o
t
co
n
tr
o
llab
le.
T
h
ir
d
ly
,
th
e
tr
ai
n
in
g
o
f
en
d
-
u
s
er
s
as
f
ac
u
lty
,
s
taf
f
an
d
ad
m
in
is
tr
ato
r
s
is
n
o
t
ad
eq
u
ately
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
[
3
]
,
[
6
]
.
Fo
u
r
th
,
in
ter
n
al
r
esis
tan
ce
,
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
f
u
n
d
in
g
is
b
ein
g
r
e
d
u
ce
d
[
12
]
,
[
13
]
lac
k
o
f
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
s
p
ec
ialis
t
,
an
d
lack
o
f
co
n
f
id
e
n
ce
in
s
ec
u
r
ity
[
14
]
,
[
15
].
Fo
r
ed
u
ca
to
r
s
an
d
s
tu
d
en
ts
in
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
th
e
b
en
e
f
its
o
f
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
ar
e
a
n
attr
ac
tiv
e
o
p
tio
n
.
Su
r
p
r
is
in
g
ly
,
cl
o
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
ad
o
p
tio
n
is
r
ap
id
l
y
i
n
cr
ea
s
in
g
[
16
]
,
[
17
].
T
h
e
m
aj
o
r
ity
o
f
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
ar
e
m
ig
r
atin
g
th
ei
r
co
m
p
u
tin
g
p
latf
o
r
m
s
o
n
-
p
r
em
is
es
to
th
e
clo
u
d
.
As
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
s
tated
,
clo
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
tin
g
is
f
u
r
th
er
s
tr
ea
m
lin
ed
b
y
th
e
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
o
f
v
a
r
io
u
s
p
r
o
v
i
d
er
s
to
ac
ad
em
ic
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
f
r
e
e
o
r
at
a
lo
w
co
s
t
[
10
]
.
T
ash
k
an
d
i
a
n
d
Al
-
J
ab
r
i
[
18
]
c
laim
ed
th
at
th
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
cl
o
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
tin
g
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
i
n
Sau
d
i
Ar
a
b
ia,
h
as
o
f
f
er
ed
th
em
to
h
a
v
e
ac
ce
s
s
to
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
th
at
r
eq
u
ir
es
less
ex
p
er
tis
e
an
d
co
s
t
s
.
Ash
ta
r
i
an
d
E
y
d
g
a
h
i
[
3
]
ex
am
in
ed
th
at
c
o
n
v
en
tio
n
al
teac
h
in
g
an
d
lear
n
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ar
e
d
is
p
lace
d
b
y
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
.
Desp
ite
th
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
ad
v
an
tag
e
,
it
s
till
c
o
n
v
ey
e
d
v
ar
io
u
s
ty
p
es
o
f
is
s
u
es
s
u
ch
as
in
ter
n
al
p
o
licies,
d
ata
s
ec
u
r
ity
an
d
d
ata
p
r
iv
ac
y
.
So
m
e
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
co
n
tin
u
e
to
b
e
r
esis
tan
t
to
cl
o
u
d
ad
o
p
tio
n
d
u
e
to
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
t
f
ac
to
r
s
s
u
ch
as
co
s
ts
,
in
s
titu
tio
n
al
p
r
ess
u
r
es a
n
d
ch
a
n
g
in
g
b
en
ef
its
[
19
]
-
[
21
].
I
n
an
o
th
er
s
tu
d
y
b
y
Das
an
d
Day
al
[
2
2
]
,
th
ey
d
is
co
v
er
ed
t
h
at
th
e
m
o
s
t
well
-
k
n
o
wn
r
is
k
s
ass
o
ciate
d
with
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
d
e
p
lo
y
m
en
t
ar
e
d
ata
av
ailab
ilit
y
an
d
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
d
ata
co
m
p
r
o
m
is
e.
T
o
en
s
u
r
e
a
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t,
u
s
er
s
s
h
o
u
ld
ca
r
e
f
u
lly
r
ev
iew
th
e
p
o
licies
g
o
v
er
n
in
g
th
e
cl
o
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
m
o
d
el
th
ey
ad
o
p
t,
in
clu
d
in
g
d
ata
p
r
o
tecti
o
n
a
n
d
s
ec
u
r
ity
.
P
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
y
s
h
o
ws
t
h
at
u
n
m
et
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
ical
r
e
q
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
,
lo
wer
ed
cu
s
to
m
er
s
er
v
ice
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
,
an
d
s
ec
u
r
ity
co
n
ce
r
n
s
ar
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
im
p
o
r
tan
t
r
ea
s
o
n
s
co
m
p
an
ies
ab
an
d
o
n
th
e
clo
u
d
[2
]
.
Ak
in
,
Fag
b
o
la,
Dar
am
o
la
[
1
5
]
s
tated
th
at
in
s
im
ilar
cir
cu
m
s
tan
ce
s
,
s
o
m
e
s
ch
o
o
ls
f
u
n
ctio
n
as
:
ad
m
is
s
io
n
s
,
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
,
co
u
r
s
es
o
f
f
er
ed
.
T
h
ese
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
h
o
wev
er
,
ar
e
ac
co
m
p
lis
h
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
cl
o
u
d
.
Vu
,
Har
t
ley
,
Kan
k
a
n
h
alli
[
1
7
]
h
ig
h
lig
h
ted
th
e
im
p
o
r
ta
n
ce
o
f
th
e
m
ain
d
r
iv
e
r
s
o
f
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
ad
o
p
tio
n
wer
e
n
o
t
tech
n
ical
in
n
at
u
r
e,
b
u
t
r
at
h
er
p
o
liti
ca
l,
s
o
cial
an
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ic;
o
th
e
r
is
s
u
es
in
clu
d
e
a
lack
o
f
e
x
p
er
ien
ce
,
a
lack
o
f
tr
u
s
t
in
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
an
d
in
ter
n
al
r
esis
tan
ce
.
Sab
i,
et
a
l.
[
1
9
]
af
f
ir
m
ed
th
a
t
I
T
ex
ec
u
tiv
es
wer
e
p
o
lled
t
o
ass
es
s
th
e
b
en
ef
its
an
d
d
r
awb
ac
k
s
o
f
cl
o
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
.
T
h
e
ir
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
r
ev
ea
le
d
th
at
p
er
ce
iv
e
d
r
is
k
s
wer
e
r
elat
ed
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
co
r
p
o
r
ate
p
o
li
cy
c
o
m
p
lian
ce
,
an
d
s
ec
u
r
i
ty
,
wh
ile
p
er
ce
iv
ed
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
wer
e
co
s
t
s
av
in
g
s
,
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
,
an
d
q
u
ality
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tly
,
B
r
an
co
,
So
ar
es,
an
d
R
iv
er
o
[1
]
s
tated
th
at
wh
en
it
co
m
es
to
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
,
th
er
e
ar
e
a
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
ch
allen
g
e
s
an
d
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
to
co
n
s
id
er
.
T
h
ese
b
ar
r
ier
s
in
clu
d
e
th
o
s
e
r
elat
ed
to
a
v
ailab
ilit
y
,
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
d
ata
s
h
ar
in
g
,
licen
s
in
g
,
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
ca
p
ac
ity
,
tr
an
s
f
er
o
f
d
ata,
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
,
an
d
s
er
v
ice
-
lev
el
ag
r
ee
m
en
t
s
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
[
3
]
,
[
2
3
]
n
o
ted
th
at
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
d
is
tin
ct
ad
v
a
n
tag
es
o
f
t
h
e
clo
u
d
to
u
s
er
s
is
its
av
ailab
ilit
y
an
d
ea
s
e
o
f
ac
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
c
o
n
f
ir
m
e
d
th
at
cl
o
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
is
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
a
d
v
an
tag
e
o
u
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
co
m
p
u
ter
h
a
r
d
war
e,
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ices,
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
f
ac
ilit
ies
,
o
r
a
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
th
ese
o
p
tio
n
s
at
a
n
y
tim
e
o
r
p
lace
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
wh
ile
th
e
af
o
r
e
m
en
tio
n
e
d
p
o
ten
tia
l
b
en
ef
its
o
f
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
f
o
r
h
ig
h
e
r
lear
n
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts
h
av
e
b
ee
n
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
,
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
h
av
e
ar
is
en
,
s
u
ch
as
s
ec
u
r
ity
an
d
p
r
i
v
ac
y
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
d
e
p
en
d
a
b
ilit
y
an
d
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
s
till
r
em
ain
a
ch
allen
g
e.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
liter
atu
r
e,
t
o
wh
at
d
eg
r
ee
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
ar
e
ad
o
p
tin
g
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
h
as
y
et
to
b
e
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
ly
in
v
esti
g
ated
.
As
a
r
esu
lt
,
th
er
e
is
a
lack
o
f
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
k
n
o
wled
g
e
av
ailab
le
to
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
in
t
h
e
Ph
ilip
p
in
es,
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
i
n
th
e
r
eg
i
o
n
,
ab
o
u
t
th
e
is
s
u
es
an
d
ch
allen
g
es
ass
o
ciate
d
with
clo
u
d
ad
o
p
tio
n
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
also
h
o
p
es
to
m
ak
e
a
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
t
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
to
th
e
g
r
o
win
g
b
o
d
y
o
f
s
tu
d
y
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
c
lo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
in
a
s
ch
o
o
l
s
ettin
g
b
y
id
en
tify
in
g
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
p
r
ev
en
tin
g
clo
u
d
ad
o
p
tio
n
in
s
tate
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
an
d
co
lleg
es
(
SUC
s
)
in
t
h
e
Ph
ilip
p
in
es.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
a
im
s
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
r
esear
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
s
in
o
r
d
er
t
o
f
ill
th
e
af
o
r
em
e
n
tio
n
ed
k
n
o
wled
g
e
g
a
p
:
i)
W
h
at
ar
e
th
e
m
ajo
r
ad
v
an
tag
es
ass
o
ciate
d
with
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
’s
c
lo
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
tin
g
a
d
o
p
tio
n
?
;
ii)
W
h
at
ar
e
t
h
e
is
s
u
es
an
d
c
h
allen
g
es
th
at
ar
e
im
p
ed
in
g
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
an
d
u
s
e
o
f
C
C
at
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
lev
el?
;
iii)
W
h
at
ar
e
th
e
m
ain
f
ac
to
r
s
o
r
b
ar
r
ier
s
to
d
ec
i
d
in
g
o
n
clo
u
d
a
d
o
p
tio
n
in
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
?
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
C
lo
u
d
co
mp
u
tin
g
a
d
o
p
tio
n
a
m
o
n
g
s
ta
te
u
n
ivers
ities
a
n
d
co
lleg
es in
th
e
…
(
C
a
th
erin
e
R
.
A
l
imb
o
yo
n
g
)
1457
W
h
ile
th
e
m
ajo
r
ity
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
ies
o
u
tlin
ed
in
th
is
a
r
ticle
wer
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
i
n
p
r
i
v
ate
e
n
titi
es
.
T
h
e
o
b
jectiv
e
o
f
t
h
is
r
esear
ch
is
to
ex
p
lo
r
e
C
C
p
r
o
b
lem
s
a
n
d
ch
allen
g
es
with
in
th
e
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
o
f
a
s
tate
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
,
s
p
ec
if
ically
in
th
e
p
r
o
v
in
ce
s
o
f
C
ar
ag
a
R
eg
io
n
,
Ph
ilip
p
in
es
.
An
i
n
v
esti
g
atio
n
was
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
am
o
ng
I
T
m
a
n
ag
er
s
,
I
T
p
r
o
f
ess
o
r
s
an
d
I
T
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
als
i
n
s
tate
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
an
d
co
lle
g
es
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
r
eg
io
n
t
h
at
h
as
g
r
ad
u
ally
m
ig
r
ated
to
th
e
clo
u
d
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
f
o
c
u
s
es
o
n
th
e
k
ey
is
s
u
es
an
d
ch
allen
g
es
th
at
h
av
e
ar
is
en
as a
r
esu
lt o
f
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Resea
rc
h desi
g
n
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
em
p
lo
y
ed
a
q
u
alitativ
e
d
esig
n
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
m
u
ltip
le
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
ies
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
o
f
Yin
[
24
]
was
u
s
ed
to
f
u
lly
u
n
d
er
s
t
an
d
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
in
f
lu
en
cin
g
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
am
o
n
g
th
e
SUC
s
in
th
e
r
eg
io
n
.
I
n
ter
v
iews
ar
e
a
co
m
m
o
n
ly
ac
ce
p
ted
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
q
u
ality
r
esear
ch
in
o
r
d
er
to
o
b
tain
a
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
th
e
co
n
te
x
t
an
d
p
h
en
o
m
en
o
n
in
v
o
lv
ed
.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
f
ac
e
-
to
-
f
ac
e
i
n
ter
v
iews
ar
e
s
elec
ted
t
o
g
et
d
etailed
in
s
ig
h
ts
ab
o
u
t
th
e
ch
al
len
g
es
of
SUC
s
clo
u
d
ad
o
p
t
io
n
.
Sem
i
-
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
an
d
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
t
o
p
en
-
e
n
d
ed
q
u
esti
o
n
s
is
also
u
s
ed
to
en
ab
l
e
r
esp
o
n
d
e
n
ts
to
f
u
lly
s
h
ar
e
th
eir
v
iews,
id
ea
s
an
d
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
clo
u
d
a
d
o
p
tio
n
.
2
.
2
.
Q
ues
t
io
nn
a
ire
dev
elo
pm
ent
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
two
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
v
er
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
r
esear
ch
g
u
id
e
q
u
esti
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
q
u
e
s
tio
n
was
s
en
t
b
y
em
ail
to
k
e
y
in
f
o
r
m
an
ts
to
ass
is
t
in
ter
v
iewe
es
in
b
ein
g
m
o
r
e
p
r
ep
ar
ed
f
o
r
q
u
esti
o
n
s
p
r
io
r
to
th
e
in
ter
v
iew,
wh
ile
th
e
c
o
m
p
lete
s
et
was
k
ep
t
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
wer
e
u
s
ed
t
o
class
if
y
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
s
:
b
eh
av
io
r
al
o
r
o
p
er
atio
n
al
r
ea
d
in
ess
,
p
h
y
s
ical
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
s
et
-
u
p
,
an
d
p
e
r
s
o
n
al
th
o
u
g
h
ts
.
2
.
3
.
Sa
m
ple selec
t
io
n
T
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
p
ar
ticip
a
n
ts
was
b
ased
o
n
th
e
in
clu
s
io
n
cr
iter
ia
laid
d
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
1
b
y
th
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
.
Th
er
e
wer
e
th
r
ee
I
T
lead
er
s
f
r
o
m
Un
iv
er
s
ity
1
,
o
n
e
I
T
f
ac
u
lty
f
r
o
m
Un
iv
e
r
s
ity
2
,
an
d
two
I
T
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
lead
er
s
f
r
o
m
Un
iv
er
s
ity
3
co
n
s
titu
te
th
e
s
tu
d
y
p
o
p
u
latio
n
.
Six
in
ter
v
iewe
es
wer
e
ask
ed
to
p
a
r
ticip
ate
in
th
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
is
b
a
s
ed
in
th
e
C
ar
ag
a
a
r
ea
o
f
th
r
e
e
SUC
s
.
All
o
f
th
em
ar
e
f
in
a
n
ce
d
b
y
th
e
n
atio
n
al
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
as
t
h
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
an
d
co
lleg
es.
T
h
e
t
h
r
ee
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
o
p
er
ate
s
im
ilar
ly
b
e
ca
u
s
e
th
ey
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
with
g
r
ad
u
ates
an
d
p
o
s
tg
r
ad
u
ates
cu
r
r
ic
u
lar
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
.
Un
iv
er
s
ity
1
is
a
s
tate
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
with
s
ix
s
atellite
ca
m
p
u
s
es,
wh
ile
Un
iv
er
s
ity
2
is
a
s
tate
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
with
two
s
atellite
ca
m
p
u
s
es,
Un
iv
er
s
ity
3
is
a
s
tate
co
lleg
e
an
d
is
cu
r
r
en
tly
an
ap
p
lican
t
f
o
r
a
s
tate
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
,
with
two
s
atel
lite
ca
m
p
u
s
es.
T
he
in
ter
v
iews
wer
e
co
n
d
u
cte
d
b
etwe
en
J
an
u
a
r
y
2
0
1
9
an
d
Feb
r
u
ar
y
2
0
1
9
with
all
id
en
tifie
d
r
esp
o
n
d
e
n
ts
f
r
o
m
th
e
th
r
ee
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
ey
c
o
v
er
ed
th
e
n
ec
ess
ar
y
d
etails.
I
n
f
o
r
m
al
in
ter
v
iews
to
o
b
tai
n
ex
ac
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
wer
e
also
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
t
h
e
in
t
er
v
iewe
es
S
U
C
s
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
1
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
2
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
3
C
o
u
n
t
r
y
o
f
l
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
/
R
e
g
i
o
n
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
n
e
s/
C
a
r
a
g
a
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
n
e
s/
C
a
r
a
g
a
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
n
e
s/
C
a
r
a
g
a
Ty
p
e
o
f
H
EI
S
U
C
S
U
C
S
t
a
t
e
c
o
l
l
e
g
e
Ty
p
e
o
f
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
f
e
r
e
d
G
r
a
d
u
a
t
e
a
n
d
p
o
s
t
g
r
a
d
u
a
t
e
G
r
a
d
u
a
t
e
a
n
d
p
o
s
t
g
r
a
d
u
a
t
e
G
r
a
d
u
a
t
e
a
n
d
p
o
s
t
g
r
a
d
u
a
t
e
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
c
a
mp
u
ses
6
2
2
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
d
e
si
g
n
a
t
i
o
n
I
T
H
e
a
d
s
I
T
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
I
T
H
e
a
d
2
.
4
.
Da
t
a
co
llect
io
n,
v
a
lid
it
y
a
nd
re
lia
bil
it
y
T
h
is
p
ap
er
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
th
r
ee
SUC
s
a
s
Un
iv
er
s
ity
1
,
Un
iv
er
s
ity
2
,
an
d
U
n
iv
er
s
ity
3
i
n
o
r
d
e
r
to
en
s
u
r
e
co
n
f
i
d
en
tiality
.
I
n
in
ter
v
iews
with
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
,
a
d
etailed
o
v
er
v
iew
o
f
th
e
s
u
b
je
ct
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
t
o
o
k
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es
u
s
in
g
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
ies
f
r
o
m
Yin
[
2
4
]
wh
ich
h
av
e
b
e
en
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
to
r
ed
u
ce
in
ter
v
iewe
r
o
p
in
io
n
s
to
a
lo
w
m
in
im
u
m
in
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
g
o
o
d
an
d
r
eliab
le
co
ll
ec
tio
n
o
f
d
ata.
Fo
r
ea
ch
in
ter
v
iew,
tap
e
-
to
-
f
ac
e
i
n
ter
v
iews
ar
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
f
o
r
a
b
o
u
t
1
to
1
1
/
2
h
o
u
r
s
.
Fo
r
an
a
ly
s
is
,
th
ese
s
u
r
v
ey
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
tr
an
s
cr
ib
ed
s
o
t
h
at
n
o
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
lo
s
t.
T
h
e
i
n
ter
v
iewe
es
h
ad
to
ch
ec
k
th
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
d
r
awn
f
r
o
m
ea
c
h
in
ter
v
iew
f
o
r
th
e
v
a
lid
ity
o
f
th
ese
in
ter
v
iews.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Adm
ini
s
t
ra
t
iv
e
s
up
po
rt
o
r
re
a
din
ess
Un
iv
er
s
ity
1
is
th
o
u
g
h
t
to
b
e
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
.
T
h
e
in
ter
v
iewe
e
ex
p
lain
s
th
at
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
co
s
ts
th
e
w
eb
h
o
s
tin
g
co
m
p
a
n
y
ea
ch
y
ea
r
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
d
o
es
n
o
t
cu
r
r
en
tly
h
a
v
e
a
clo
u
d
-
b
ased
s
er
v
er
.
T
h
e
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
m
ak
es
u
s
e
o
f
a
n
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
s
y
s
tem
th
at
ca
n
b
e
ac
ce
s
s
ed
lo
ca
lly
.
On
l
y
th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
10
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
1
4
5
5
-
1
4
6
1
1458
f
o
llo
win
g
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er
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en
ci
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h
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e
ac
ce
s
s
to
th
e
b
u
d
g
e
t
o
f
f
ice,
Hu
m
an
R
eso
u
r
ce
Ma
n
ag
em
en
t
Of
f
ice
(
HR
MO
)
,
an
d
ca
s
h
ier
'
s
o
f
f
ice
:
L
an
d
B
an
k
o
f
th
e
Ph
ilip
p
in
es
(
L
B
P),
C
iv
il
Ser
v
ice
C
o
m
m
is
s
io
n
(
C
S
C
)
an
d
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
B
u
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g
et
an
d
Ma
n
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em
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DB
M)
o
n
th
eir
o
n
li
n
e
p
latf
o
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m
s
in
o
r
d
er
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o
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th
em
to
en
ter
th
eir
f
ile
s
f
o
r
s
u
b
m
is
s
io
n
to
t
h
e
af
o
r
em
e
n
tio
n
ed
a
g
en
cies.
Sh
e
wen
t
o
n
to
s
ay
th
at
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
h
as
tak
en
a
m
e
th
o
d
ical
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
cl
o
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
ad
o
p
tio
n
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
u
s
ed
,
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
h
as
its
o
wn
web
s
ite
an
d
a
web
ad
m
in
is
tr
ato
r
wh
o
is
in
ch
ar
g
e
o
f
all
d
ata
an
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
h
as tak
en
th
e
in
itiativ
e
to
estab
lis
h
its
o
wn
s
er
v
er
.
I
n
f
ac
t,
e
m
p
lo
y
ee
s
ar
e
g
iv
e
n
th
e
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ity
to
u
s
e
n
ew
s
y
s
t
em
s
an
d
s
tay
u
p
to
d
ate
o
n
th
e
latest tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies as
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
th
is
.
Fin
ally
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
th
e
tr
an
s
cr
ip
t,
th
e
in
ter
v
iewe
e
ex
p
r
ess
es
h
er
o
p
i
n
io
n
:
“T
o
ed
u
ca
te
emp
lo
ye
es
w
h
o
a
r
e
n
o
t
tech
s
a
vv
y
is
a
b
ig
ch
a
llen
g
e
to
th
e
u
n
ivers
ity
a
s
it
w
i
ll
ta
ke
mo
r
e
time
a
n
d
effo
r
t fo
r
th
em
to
lea
r
n
th
is
n
ew p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
”
T
h
e
I
T
f
ac
u
lty
at
Un
iv
er
s
ity
2
claim
s
th
at
th
eir
f
ac
u
lty
an
d
s
taf
f
h
av
e
b
ee
n
u
s
in
g
clo
u
d
s
er
v
ices
s
u
ch
as
em
ail,
s
o
cial
m
e
d
ia,
e
-
lear
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
(
Sch
o
o
lo
g
y
,
E
d
m
o
d
o
,
an
d
Mo
o
d
le)
,
an
d
Go
o
g
le
Ap
p
s
f
o
r
s
ev
er
al
y
ea
r
s
.
T
h
e
y
h
av
e
ea
r
n
e
d
th
e
b
en
ef
its
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
.
Giv
e
n
t
h
e
b
e
n
ef
its
,
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
t
ex
p
r
ess
es
h
is
co
n
ce
r
n
m
o
r
e
a
b
o
u
t
th
e
web
s
ite
d
o
w
n
tim
e
p
r
o
s
p
ec
ts
r
esu
ltin
g
in
d
ata
in
s
tab
ilit
y
an
d
d
ata
p
r
o
tectio
n
.
Sin
ce
th
e
co
m
p
u
ter
is
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le
au
to
m
atica
lly
,
th
e
in
s
titu
tio
n
h
as
n
o
au
th
o
r
ity
o
v
er
it.
I
n
tu
r
n
,
th
e
r
e
is
a
ch
an
ce
o
f
r
ev
er
tin
g
to
r
etain
in
g
p
ap
e
r
-
b
ased
wo
r
k
s
r
ath
er
th
an
p
ap
e
r
less
wo
r
k
s
.
I
n
th
is
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
th
e
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
ca
n
ch
o
o
s
e
n
o
t
to
u
s
e
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
as
is
ty
p
ical
with
m
an
y
co
m
p
an
ies,
s
o
m
e
p
e
r
s
o
n
n
el
ar
e
u
n
ab
le
t
o
ad
o
p
t
t
h
is
n
ew
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
p
er
s
o
n
al
r
ea
s
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e
,
a
lack
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
s
u
ch
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
in
cip
al
f
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
Un
iv
er
s
ity
2
t
o
u
s
e
th
e
clo
u
d
f
u
lly
.
Fin
ally
,
Un
iv
er
s
ity
3
also
s
ay
s
th
at
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
h
as
o
f
f
er
ed
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
to
th
e
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
'
s
f
ac
u
lty
an
d
p
e
r
s
o
n
n
el,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
in
p
u
t
o
f
cu
s
t
o
m
er
s
in
r
ea
l
tim
e,
co
n
n
ec
tiv
i
ty
is
ea
s
y
to
u
p
l
o
ad
an
y
wh
er
e,
wh
e
r
ev
er
a
n
d
an
y
w
h
er
e
.
T
h
is
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
co
v
e
r
s
th
e
u
p
f
r
o
n
t
co
s
ts
as
wel
l
as
th
e
r
ec
u
r
r
in
g
p
ay
m
en
ts
f
o
r
th
eir
in
ter
n
et
s
er
v
ice
an
d
I
n
ter
n
et
Ser
v
ice
Pro
v
id
er
s
(
I
SP
s
)
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
in
ter
v
iewe
e
wen
t
o
n
to
s
ay
th
a
t
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
is
d
ea
lin
g
with
an
is
s
u
e
with
late
p
ay
m
en
ts
f
o
r
in
ter
n
et
an
d
I
SP
s
u
b
s
cr
ip
tio
n
s
.
An
d
it
was
d
is
co
v
er
ed
th
at
m
is
s
in
g
in
ter
n
et
s
er
v
ice
f
o
r
s
ev
e
r
al
d
ay
s
s
im
p
ly
ca
u
s
ed
in
d
iv
id
u
als
to
f
all
b
eh
in
d
in
th
eir
jo
b
s
.
T
h
is
h
ap
p
en
ed
b
ec
au
s
e
p
u
b
lic
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
m
u
s
t
g
o
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
if
f
er
en
t
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
,
s
u
ch
as
p
u
b
lic
b
id
d
in
g
(
R
ep
u
b
lic
Act
9
1
8
4
)
,
as
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
b
u
d
g
et
r
elea
s
e
is
d
elay
ed
.
T
h
u
s
,
Un
iv
er
s
ity
3
h
as
b
ee
n
u
n
ab
le
to
c
o
m
p
letely
im
p
lem
en
t c
lo
u
d
s
er
v
ices.
3
.
2
.
P
hy
s
ica
l IT
i
nfr
a
s
t
ruct
ure
s
e
t
-
up
B
o
th
Un
iv
er
s
ities
1
an
d
2
cl
aim
ed
th
at
th
ey
h
av
e
n
o
p
r
o
b
lem
s
o
r
ar
e
d
is
s
atis
f
ied
wit
h
th
eir
I
T
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
as
t
h
ey
b
o
th
h
av
e
s
u
f
f
icien
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
I
C
T
)
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
T
h
is
is
to
s
u
g
g
est
th
at
clo
u
d
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
h
as
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
to
b
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
in
th
eir
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
in
ter
v
iewe
e
at
Un
iv
er
s
ity
1
claim
s
th
at
f
in
an
ce
s
co
u
ld
b
e
a
co
n
ce
r
n
d
u
e
to
th
e
len
g
th
y
p
h
ase
o
f
b
u
d
g
et
r
elea
s
e
esp
ec
ially
in
th
eir
p
u
r
ch
ase
f
o
r
I
T
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
es.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
is
p
r
o
b
lem
d
o
es
n
o
t
co
m
p
le
tely
o
b
s
tr
u
ct
cl
o
u
d
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t
.
Per
h
ap
s
as
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
t
h
is
p
r
o
b
lem
,
th
ey
co
n
tin
u
e
to
v
alu
e
clo
u
d
s
to
r
a
g
e,
wh
i
ch
g
iv
es
th
em
m
o
r
e
f
r
ee
d
o
m
to
o
p
er
ate
wh
en
a
n
d
wh
er
e
th
e
y
ch
o
o
s
e.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
i
s
ad
v
a
n
cin
g
in
th
is
ar
ea
.
Un
iv
er
s
ity
2
a
p
p
ea
r
s
t
o
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
u
s
in
g
clo
u
d
s
er
v
ices
.
H
o
wev
er
,
s
o
m
e
o
f
th
eir
f
ac
u
lty
an
d
s
taf
f
ar
e
also
r
elu
ctan
t
to
em
b
r
ac
e
cl
o
u
d
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
d
u
e
to
a
lac
k
o
f
awa
r
en
ess
an
d
ex
p
e
r
tis
e
o
f
I
C
T
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
o
th
er
s
ar
e
u
n
in
ter
este
d
in
th
e
p
r
esen
t
s
tate
o
f
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
'
s
I
T
f
ac
ilit
ies.
I
n
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
,
Un
iv
er
s
ity
3
h
as
h
ad
s
o
m
e
tr
o
u
b
le
ac
ce
p
tin
g
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
d
u
e
to
a
lack
o
f
ter
m
in
als
an
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
f
ac
ilit
ies
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
h
as h
a
d
to
b
ala
n
ce
t
h
eir
jo
b
s
u
c
h
th
at
m
ac
h
i
n
e
u
s
e
is
o
n
a
f
ir
s
t c
o
m
e,
f
ir
s
t ser
v
ed
b
asis
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
,
in
ter
n
et
co
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
laten
c
y
is
m
o
r
e
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
to
clo
u
d
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
ad
o
p
tio
n
.
T
h
is
was
b
r
o
u
g
h
t
u
p
in
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
Un
iv
er
s
ity
3
.
T
h
e
y
wer
e
n
o
t
lin
k
ed
to
th
e
s
ec
u
r
e
d
i
n
ter
n
et
d
u
e
to
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
'
s
r
estricte
d
ca
p
ac
ity
i
n
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
to
o
th
er
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
in
th
e
co
u
n
tr
y
.
T
h
is
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
is
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
b
y
a
r
esear
ch
u
n
d
er
ta
k
en
by
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
er
s
[
10
]
,
[
13
]
,
[
2
5
]
af
f
ir
m
s
th
at
an
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
an
d
s
ec
u
r
e
co
r
e
r
o
u
t
er
b
etwe
en
en
titi
es
an
d
th
eir
en
d
u
s
er
s
is
v
ital
f
o
r
e
f
f
icien
t
clo
u
d
ad
o
p
tio
n
.
I
n
th
is
s
itu
atio
n
,
Un
iv
er
s
ity
3
wa
s
ca
u
tio
u
s
to
d
ep
e
n
d
o
n
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
.
Data
v
u
ln
er
ab
ilit
y
a
n
d
p
r
iv
ac
y
ar
e
an
o
th
er
im
p
o
r
tan
t
f
ac
to
r
em
p
h
asized
.
T
h
is
o
u
tco
m
e
is
s
u
p
p
o
r
te
d
b
y
th
e
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
[
2
]
,
[
3
]
,
[1
7
]
,
wh
e
r
e
th
e
y
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
th
at
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
b
i
g
g
est
ch
allen
g
es
with
C
C
ad
o
p
tio
n
is
s
ec
u
r
ity
.
I
t
is
a
b
ig
co
n
ce
r
n
f
o
r
Un
iv
e
r
s
ity
B
t
o
m
o
v
e
all
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
d
ata
an
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
a
p
u
b
lic
o
r
s
h
a
r
ed
clo
u
d
s
er
v
er
.
T
h
e
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
ar
g
u
es
th
at
d
ata
co
n
f
id
en
tiality
is
n
o
t
g
u
ar
an
teed
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
clo
u
d
s
er
v
er
will
b
e
s
witch
ed
o
f
f
o
r
cr
ash
wh
e
n
h
ac
k
e
r
s
o
cc
u
r
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
it
is
p
er
ce
iv
e
d
th
at
s
ec
u
r
ity
an
d
d
ata
p
r
iv
ac
y
co
n
ce
r
n
s
co
u
l
d
cu
r
tail
clo
u
d
ad
o
p
tio
n
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
clo
u
d
d
ep
l
o
y
m
en
t
at
Un
iv
er
s
ity
2
is
h
am
p
er
ed
b
y
a
lack
o
f
awa
r
e
n
ess
o
f
th
e
clo
u
d
.
T
h
is
f
in
d
i
n
g
is
also
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
v
a
r
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
[
11
]
,
[
14
]
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
C
lo
u
d
co
mp
u
tin
g
a
d
o
p
tio
n
a
m
o
n
g
s
ta
te
u
n
ivers
ities
a
n
d
co
lleg
es in
th
e
…
(
C
a
th
erin
e
R
.
A
l
imb
o
yo
n
g
)
1459
[
2
5
]
-
[
2
7
]
th
at
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
c
o
u
ld
b
e
ex
p
o
s
ed
to
a
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
r
is
k
s
f
o
r
wh
ich
p
er
s
o
n
n
el,
r
a
th
er
th
an
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
an
d
o
th
er
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
b
ec
o
m
e
v
u
ln
er
ab
le
an
d
n
o
t
I
C
T
k
n
o
wled
g
e.
I
n
th
is
way
,
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
m
ay
s
u
b
ject
its
elf
to
v
ar
io
u
s
r
is
k
s.
B
u
d
g
et
is
an
o
th
er
co
n
s
id
er
ati
o
n
in
p
u
b
lic
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
clo
u
d
d
ec
is
io
n
.
P
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
e
r
s
[
2
8
],
[
2
9
]
af
f
ir
m
ed
th
at
th
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
n
ec
ess
itates
ad
eq
u
ate
m
a
ch
in
e
an
d
I
T
i
n
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
t
h
e
d
ec
is
io
n
t
o
ad
o
p
t
clo
u
d
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
s
h
o
u
ld
tak
e
i
n
to
ac
co
u
n
t
a
d
d
itio
n
al
I
T
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
an
d
co
s
ts
[
30
]
-
[
3
2
]
.
T
h
is
m
a
y
b
e
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
in
cr
e
m
en
tal
in
tr
o
d
u
c
tio
n
o
f
th
e
cl
o
u
d
f
o
r
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
with
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
I
C
T
ca
p
ital.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
,
a
v
er
y
lo
n
g
p
er
i
o
d
o
f
p
u
r
c
h
ase
o
f
I
C
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
in
p
u
b
lic
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
an
d
co
lleg
es
will a
ls
o
h
in
d
er
th
e
ac
ce
p
tan
c
e
o
f
th
e
clo
u
d
as th
e
it
r
e
q
u
ir
e
s
b
id
d
in
g
p
u
b
licly
a
n
d
wo
u
l
d
o
b
tain
p
er
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
b
o
ar
d
of
tr
u
s
tees o
n
b
o
th
o
v
er
h
ea
d
a
n
d
p
r
o
c
u
r
em
en
t sp
e
n
d
in
g
.
3
.
3
.
P
er
s
o
na
l t
ho
ug
hts
On
e
o
f
th
e
r
ea
s
o
n
s
Un
iv
er
s
i
ty
1
h
as
im
p
lem
e
n
ted
clo
u
d
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
is
th
at
s
er
v
ices
ca
n
b
e
ac
ce
s
s
ed
at
an
y
tim
e
an
d
f
r
o
m
an
y
p
lace
.
T
h
e
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
d
ata
is
also
f
ast
.
T
h
e
I
T
d
ir
ec
to
r
,
wh
o
h
as
p
ar
ticip
ated
in
Un
iv
e
r
s
ity
1
i
n
ter
v
iews,
ag
r
ee
s
an
d
ac
k
n
o
w
led
g
es
th
at
e
n
g
ag
i
n
g
clo
u
d
s
e
r
v
ices
will
p
r
o
v
id
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
f
ac
u
lty
a
n
d
s
taf
f
with
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
ch
a
n
n
els.
T
h
e
in
ter
v
i
ewe
e
clar
if
ied
th
at
clo
u
d
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
p
r
o
v
id
es a
p
ap
er
less
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
.
Un
iv
er
s
ity
2
I
T
f
ac
u
lty
f
in
d
s
th
e
b
en
ef
it
o
f
clo
u
d
-
b
ased
co
m
p
u
tin
g
to
b
e
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
te
ch
n
o
lo
g
y
.
T
h
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
o
f
f
er
e
d
b
y
clo
u
d
will h
elp
im
p
r
o
v
e
liter
ac
y
a
n
d
attr
ac
t stu
d
en
ts
an
d
f
ac
u
lt
y
m
em
b
er
s
to
v
ar
io
u
s
m
o
d
es
o
f
lear
n
in
g
.
B
u
t
b
ec
a
u
s
e
o
f
a
p
o
o
r
i
n
ter
n
et
co
n
n
ec
ti
o
n
,
h
e
e
x
p
lain
s
th
at
th
e
class
r
o
o
m
e
x
er
cises
ca
n
f
all
s
h
o
r
t.
I
t
is
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
c
o
n
ce
r
n
b
y
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
t.
He
ad
d
ed
t
h
at
th
e
in
t
er
n
et
ac
ce
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
city
h
ad
a
m
ax
im
u
m
b
a
n
d
w
id
th
o
f
5
0
Mb
p
s
,
wh
ic
h
wa
s
n
o
t
s
u
f
f
icien
t
f
o
r
m
an
y
s
ch
o
o
ls
'
h
ea
v
y
u
s
e
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
.
Un
iv
er
s
ity
2
is
t
h
u
s
r
estricte
d
f
r
o
m
co
m
p
letely
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
clo
u
d
p
r
ac
tices in
th
e
class
r
o
o
m
.
T
h
e
I
T
d
ir
ec
to
r
at
Un
iv
er
s
ity
3
is
o
p
p
o
s
ed
to
clo
u
d
ad
o
p
ti
o
n
.
Sh
e
claim
s
th
at
clo
u
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
is
u
s
eless
f
o
r
h
er
in
s
titu
tio
n
'
s
IT
d
ep
ar
tm
en
t
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
s
am
e
p
r
o
b
lem
,
in
ter
n
et
ac
ce
s
s
s
p
ee
d
.
Sh
e
co
n
s
id
er
s
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
to
b
e
a
waste
o
f
tim
e
s
in
ce
th
e
s
er
v
ices c
an
n
o
t b
e
r
ea
c
h
ed
o
n
tim
e
.
Sh
e
g
o
es o
n
to
s
ay
:
“
E
ve
n
ju
s
t
lo
g
g
i
n
g
i
n
to
th
e
co
mp
u
ter,
ta
ke
s
a
lo
t
o
f
time
.
Wit
h
o
u
t
s
ta
b
le
in
tern
et
a
c
ce
s
s
,
th
ere’
s
n
o
w
a
y
yo
u
ca
n
d
o
s
o
meth
in
g
like
th
a
t.
Th
erefo
r
e,
it
w
o
u
ld
b
e
q
u
ite
ch
a
llen
g
in
g
a
n
d
h
a
r
d
fo
r
me
to
en
g
a
g
e
i
n
clo
u
d
co
mp
u
tin
g
.
”
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
c
o
n
clu
d
e
d
th
at
t
h
e
r
e
wer
e
two
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
f
ac
to
r
s
id
en
tifie
d
:
i
)
in
ter
n
et
ac
ce
s
s
s
p
ee
d
;
ii
)
a
lack
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
cl
o
u
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
was
d
is
co
v
er
ed
to
b
e
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
s
t
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
b
ar
r
ie
r
s
to
ac
ce
p
tin
g
cl
o
u
d
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
in
SUC
s
in
t
h
e
r
eg
i
o
n
.
Per
s
o
n
al
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
es
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
m
o
r
e
r
elev
an
t
in
b
r
in
g
in
g
s
tep
s
to
u
s
e
th
e
clo
u
d
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
th
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
ca
n
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
I
SP
s
with
p
er
s
p
e
ctiv
es
in
to
h
o
w
to
u
p
g
r
a
d
e
in
ter
n
et
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
an
d
th
er
e
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
e
h
ig
h
a
v
ailab
ilit
y
o
f
s
er
v
ice
n
etwo
r
k
s
in
a
co
s
t
-
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
m
an
n
er
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
m
ak
e
th
i
s
h
ap
p
en
,
th
e
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
'
s
ad
m
in
is
tr
atio
n
,
in
c
o
llab
o
r
atio
n
with
th
e
I
T
lead
er
s
,
m
ay
en
g
a
g
e
with
I
SP
s
an
d
m
a
y
b
e
an
aly
ze
cu
r
r
e
n
t b
r
o
ad
b
a
n
d
p
r
icin
g
an
d
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
.
T
o
m
ak
e
clo
u
d
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
m
o
r
e
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le:
i)
T
h
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
will
h
o
ld
o
r
h
o
s
t
tr
ain
in
g
s
,
co
n
f
er
e
n
ce
s
,
o
r
wo
r
k
s
h
o
p
s
f
o
r
its
f
ac
u
lty
an
d
s
taf
f
in
o
r
d
er
t
o
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
em
with
awa
r
en
es
s
o
f
th
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
b
en
ef
its
an
d
p
o
ten
tial
r
is
k
s
o
f
th
is
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
as
well
as
to
g
u
id
e
its
f
u
tu
r
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
;
ii)
T
h
e
s
u
f
f
icien
cy
o
f
I
C
T
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
es
in
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
h
as
en
ticed
ac
ad
em
ics,
p
r
o
f
ess
o
r
s
,
an
d
s
taf
f
to
p
u
r
s
u
e
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
;
iii)
Sch
o
o
l
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
s
h
o
u
ld
co
llab
o
r
ate
with
k
e
y
p
a
r
tn
er
s
to
s
tr
ateg
ize
an
d
ex
p
l
o
r
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
to
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
a
n
d
c
o
n
ce
r
n
s
f
o
u
n
d
in
th
is
r
esear
c
h
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e
,
b
u
d
g
et
is
also
th
o
u
g
h
t
to
h
a
v
e
p
lay
e
d
a
lar
g
er
r
o
le
in
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
to
u
s
e
clo
u
d
p
r
o
v
id
er
s
.
I
t
is
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
ed
to
u
n
d
er
f
u
n
d
ed
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
cu
r
em
en
t
p
r
o
g
r
am
b
e
r
e
v
is
ited
an
d
p
r
o
p
er
p
la
n
n
in
g
b
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
s
o
th
at
in
v
estme
n
ts
in
I
C
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
d
o
n
o
t
g
o
u
n
u
s
ed
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
also
h
i
g
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
to
SUC
s
:
C
lo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
b
asically
al
lo
ws
ef
f
icien
t,
f
ast
an
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
m
ea
n
s
o
f
tr
a
n
s
ac
tio
n
esp
ec
ially
in
th
is
tim
e
o
f
p
an
d
e
m
ic.
I
t
is
m
o
r
e
b
en
ef
icial
to
SUC
s
o
r
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
s
y
s
tem
wh
ich
allo
ws
s
tu
d
en
ts
an
d
p
r
o
f
ess
o
r
s
to
b
o
t
h
e
n
jo
y
th
e
ac
ce
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
am
i
d
s
t
p
an
d
em
ic
; p
r
o
f
ess
o
r
s
c
an
ea
s
ily
u
p
lo
ad
less
o
n
s
an
d
teac
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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[1
]
T
.
Bra
n
c
o
Jr.
,
F
.
De
S
á
-
S
o
a
re
s,
a
n
d
A.L
.
Riv
e
r
o
,
“
Ke
y
Iss
u
e
s
fo
r
th
e
S
u
c
c
e
ss
fu
l
Ad
o
p
ti
o
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f
Cl
o
u
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
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c
e
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ia
C
o
mp
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ter
S
c
ien
c
e
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v
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l.
1
2
1
,
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p
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1
5
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0
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o
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r
o
c
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0
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7
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1
1
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1
6
.
[2
]
M
.
Attara
n
,
S
.
Attara
n
,
a
n
d
B
.
G.
Ce
li
k
,
“
P
ro
m
ise
s
a
n
d
C
h
a
ll
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n
g
e
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u
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o
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p
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t
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g
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Hi
g
h
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Ed
u
c
a
ti
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n
:
A
P
ra
c
ti
c
a
l
G
u
id
e
fo
r
Im
p
lem
e
n
tati
o
n
,”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Hi
g
h
e
r
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
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c
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l
.
17
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
20
–
38
,
2
0
1
7
.
[3
]
S
.
As
h
tari
a
n
d
A.
Ey
d
g
a
h
i,
“
S
tu
d
e
n
t
P
e
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p
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s
o
f
Cl
o
u
d
C
o
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g
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e
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n
Hi
g
h
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E
d
u
c
a
ti
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n
,
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2
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1
5
2
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1
5
IEE
E
1
8
th
In
ter
n
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ti
o
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l
C
o
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fer
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o
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5
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3
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[4
]
P
.
K
.
S
e
n
y
o
,
E
.
Ad
d
a
e
,
a
n
d
R.
B
o
a
ten
g
,
“
Clo
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
re
se
a
rc
h
:
A
re
v
iew
o
f
re
se
a
rc
h
th
e
m
e
s
,
fra
m
e
wo
rk
s,
m
e
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o
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s
a
n
d
f
u
t
u
re
re
se
a
rc
h
d
irec
ti
o
n
s
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
,
v
o
l.
38
,
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o
.
1
,
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p
.
1
2
8
–
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39
,
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0
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o
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0
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.
ij
in
f
o
m
g
t.
2
0
1
7
.
0
7
.
0
0
7
.
[5
]
M
.
Al
-
R
u
it
h
e
,
E
.
Be
n
k
h
e
li
fa
,
a
n
d
K.
Ha
m
e
e
d
,
“
C
u
rre
n
t
S
tate
o
f
Cl
o
u
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
in
g
A
d
o
p
ti
o
n
-
A
n
E
m
p
iri
c
a
l
S
t
u
d
y
in
M
a
jo
r
P
u
b
l
ic
S
e
c
to
r
Org
a
n
iza
ti
o
n
s
o
f
S
a
u
d
i
Ara
b
ia
(KSA)
,”
Pro
c
e
d
ia
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
1
0
,
p
p
.
3
7
8
–
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,
2
0
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7
,
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o
i:
1
0
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6
/
j.
p
r
o
c
s.2
0
1
7
.
0
6
.
0
8
0
.
[6
]
A
.
Kh
a
y
e
r,
S
.
Talu
k
d
e
r,
Y
.
Ba
o
,
a
n
d
M
d
.
N.
H
o
ss
a
in
,
“
Cl
o
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
a
d
o
p
ti
o
n
a
n
d
it
s
imp
a
c
t
o
n
S
M
Es’
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
fo
r
c
lo
u
d
su
p
p
o
rte
d
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
s:
A
d
u
a
l
-
sta
g
e
a
n
a
ly
ti
c
a
l
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
,
”
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
in
S
o
c
iety
,
v
o
l.
6
0
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j.
tec
h
so
c
.
2
0
1
9
.
1
0
1
2
2
5
[7
]
Y.
Wan
g
,
“
In
n
o
v
a
ti
v
e
Lea
rn
in
g
De
sig
n
f
o
r
O
n
li
n
e
Lan
g
u
a
g
e
Lea
rn
in
g
:
A
S
y
ste
m
s
De
sig
n
F
ra
m
e
wo
rk
,”
in
Exp
lo
ri
n
g
I
n
n
o
v
a
ti
v
e
Ped
a
g
o
g
y
in
t
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T
e
a
c
h
i
n
g
a
n
d
L
e
a
r
n
in
g
o
f
Ch
in
e
se
a
s
a
Fo
re
ig
n
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
,
v
o
l.
15
.
S
p
rin
g
e
r,
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in
g
a
p
o
re
,
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
253
–
2
71
.
[8
]
I.
Arp
a
c
i
,
“
An
tec
e
d
e
n
ts
a
n
d
c
o
n
se
q
u
e
n
c
e
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o
f
c
l
o
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d
c
o
m
p
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ti
n
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d
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ti
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n
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d
u
c
a
ti
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to
a
c
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ie
v
e
k
n
o
wle
d
g
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
,”
Co
mp
u
ter
s i
n
Hu
ma
n
Beh
a
v
io
r
,
v
o
l.
70
,
p
p
.
3
8
2
–
3
90
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
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.
c
h
b
.
2
0
1
7
.
0
1
.
0
2
4
.
[9
]
A
.
A
.
Alm
a
z
ro
i,
H
.
S
h
e
n
,
a
n
d
F
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
,
“
T
h
e
imp
a
c
t
o
f
tru
st
o
n
th
e
a
d
o
p
ti
o
n
o
f
c
l
o
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
t
in
g
se
rv
ice
s
b
y
u
n
i
v
e
rsity
stu
d
e
n
ts
,”
in
F.
S
a
e
e
d
,
N.
Ga
z
e
m
,
F.
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
,
A.
Bu
sa
li
m
,
E
ds
.,
Rec
e
n
t
T
re
n
d
s
in
Da
t
a
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
S
o
ft
Co
m
p
u
t
in
g
.
I
RICT
2
0
1
8
.
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
s
i
n
I
n
telli
g
e
n
t
S
y
ste
ms
a
n
d
Co
mp
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t
in
g
,
v
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8
4
3
.
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p
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9
-
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9
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.
[1
0
]
M
.
K
.
Ju
m
a
a
n
d
A.
Tj
a
h
y
a
n
to
,
“
Ch
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s
o
f
c
lo
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
a
d
o
p
ti
o
n
m
o
d
e
l
fo
r
h
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g
h
e
r
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
lev
e
l
in
Zan
z
ib
a
r
(t
h
e
c
a
se
stu
d
y
o
f
S
u
z
a
a
n
d
Zu
)
,”
Pro
c
e
d
i
a
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
6
1
,
p
p
.
1
0
4
6
–
10
54
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j.
p
r
o
c
s.2
0
1
9
.
1
1
.
2
1
5
.
[1
1
]
M
.
H
.
Ra
z
a
,
A
.
F
.
Ad
e
n
o
la,
A
.
Na
fa
rieh
,
a
n
d
W.
Ro
b
e
rts
o
n
,
“
Th
e
slo
w
a
d
o
p
ti
o
n
o
f
c
lo
u
d
c
o
m
p
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ti
n
g
a
n
d
IT
wo
rk
fo
rc
e
,”
Pr
o
c
e
d
ia
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
5
2
,
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o
.
1
,
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p
.
1
1
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–
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9
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0
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o
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:
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.
p
ro
c
s.
2
0
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5
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0
5
.
1
2
8
.
[1
2
]
K.
Nje
n
g
a
,
L.
G
a
rg
,
A.
K.
Bh
a
rd
wa
j,
V.
P
ra
k
a
sh
,
a
n
d
S
.
Ba
wa
,
“
Th
e
c
lo
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
a
d
o
p
ti
o
n
i
n
h
ig
h
e
r
lea
rn
in
g
in
stit
u
ti
o
n
s
i
n
Ke
n
y
a
:
Hin
d
e
rin
g
fa
c
to
rs
a
n
d
re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
a
ti
o
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
wa
y
f
o
rwa
rd
,
”
T
e
lem
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
I
n
fo
rm
a
ti
c
s
,
v
o
l.
3
8
,
p
p
.
2
2
5
–
2
4
6
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/j
.
tele
.
2
0
1
8
.
1
0
.
0
0
7
.
[1
3
]
S
.
Twe
n
e
b
o
a
h
-
Ko
d
u
a
h
,
B
.
En
d
ico
tt
-
P
o
p
o
v
sk
y
,
a
n
d
A
.
Tse
tse
,
“
Ba
rriers
to
G
o
v
e
rn
m
e
n
t
C
lo
u
d
A
d
o
p
ti
o
n
,”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
M
a
n
a
g
in
g
I
n
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
6
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
–
16
,
2
0
1
4
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
5
1
2
1
/
ij
m
it
.
2
0
1
4
.
6
3
0
1
.
[1
4
]
K.
P
o
p
o
v
ić
a
n
d
Ž.
Ho
c
e
n
sk
i,
“
Clo
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
se
c
u
rit
y
is
su
e
s
a
n
d
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s,
”
T
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6
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Vu
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Ha
rtl
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y
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a
n
d
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Ka
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k
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a
ll
i,
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P
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l
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8
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A.
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h
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I.
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-
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“
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9
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,
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0
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J.
F
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n
,
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.
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,
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2
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S
.
Da
s
a
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d
M
.
Da
y
a
l
,
“
Ex
p
lo
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g
d
e
term
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o
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d
ian
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o
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f
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.
[2
3
]
O.
Ali
a
n
d
V.
Os
m
a
n
a
j,
“
T
h
e
ro
l
e
o
f
g
o
v
e
rn
m
e
n
t
re
g
u
lati
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s
in
t
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d
o
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ti
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c
l
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d
c
o
m
p
u
ti
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g
:
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c
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stu
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y
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f
lo
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l
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o
v
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rn
m
e
n
t,
”
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o
mp
u
ter
L
a
w
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c
u
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e
v
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,
v
o
l.
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6
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p
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0
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0
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lsr.
2
0
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0
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5
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9
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4
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R.
K.
Yin
,
Ca
se
S
tu
d
y
Res
e
a
rc
h
:
De
sig
n
a
n
d
M
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th
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s
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AG
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P
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n
s
,
2
0
1
3
.
[2
5
]
N.
Alk
h
a
ter,
R.
Walters
,
a
n
d
G
.
Wi
ll
s,
“
An
e
m
p
iri
c
a
l
stu
d
y
o
f
fa
c
to
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e
n
c
in
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lo
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m
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n
isa
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n
s,”
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a
ti
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s
a
n
d
In
f
o
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ti
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s
,
v
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l.
3
5
,
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o
.
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p
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8
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0
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.
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0
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7
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0
9
.
0
1
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.
[2
6
]
M
.
Tarm
id
i,
S
.
Z
.
A
.
Ra
sid
,
B
.
Alr
a
z
i,
a
n
d
R
.
A.
Ro
n
i
,
“
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ss
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p
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c
ti
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in
M
a
lay
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,”
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4
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4
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.
[2
7
]
S
.
C
h
a
v
e
e
su
k
,
P
.
W
u
tt
h
iro
n
g
,
an
d
W.
Ch
a
iy
a
so
o
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th
o
rn
,
“
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u
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c
o
m
p
u
ti
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g
c
las
sro
o
m
a
c
c
e
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t
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o
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i
n
Th
a
il
a
n
d
h
i
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r
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d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
’s
in
st
it
u
tes
:
A
c
o
n
c
e
p
tu
a
l
fra
m
e
wo
rk
,”
ICIM
E
2
0
1
8
:
Pro
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e
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d
i
n
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s
o
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e
2
0
1
8
1
0
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In
ter
n
a
t
io
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a
l
Co
n
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n
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e
o
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In
f
o
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a
ti
o
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M
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n
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4
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8
5
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7
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8
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.
[2
8
]
B
.
N
.
Hw
a
n
g
,
C
.
Y
.
H
u
a
n
g
,
C
.
L.
Ya
n
g
,
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De
term
in
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n
ts
a
n
d
th
e
ir
c
a
u
sa
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re
latio
n
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i
p
s
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ffe
c
ti
n
g
th
e
a
d
o
p
ti
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n
o
f
c
l
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u
d
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
i
n
sc
ien
c
e
a
n
d
tec
h
n
o
lo
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y
i
n
stit
u
ti
o
n
s
,”
In
n
o
v
a
t
io
n
Or
g
a
n
iz
a
ti
o
n
&
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
,
v
o
l.
18
,
n
o
.
2
,
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p
.
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6
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-
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0
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9
3
3
8
.
2
0
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6
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2
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2
9
.
[2
9
]
N
.
Ah
m
a
d
,
N
.
H
o
d
a
,
a
n
d
F
.
Ala
h
m
a
ri
,
“
De
v
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c
lo
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m
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o
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e
l
to
p
r
o
m
o
te
su
sta
in
a
b
le ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
,”
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u
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n
a
b
il
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y
,
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l.
12
,
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o
.
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.
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0
,
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o
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:
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0
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3
3
9
0
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u
1
2
0
8
3
1
2
6
.
[3
0
]
A
.
M
.
AlBa
r
a
n
d
M
.
R
.
Ho
q
u
e
,
“
F
a
c
to
rs
a
ffe
c
ti
n
g
c
lo
u
d
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a
d
o
p
ti
o
n
i
n
S
a
u
d
i
Ara
b
ia:
An
e
m
p
iri
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