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524
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2252
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8822
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K
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Ho
lis
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CC B
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li
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.
C
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r
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s
p
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ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Mu
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a
m
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Af
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A
r
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i
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Dep
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t
m
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T
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E
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Facu
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So
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Scien
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s
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Hu
m
an
it
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Un
i
v
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s
iti T
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o
lo
g
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ala
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,
8
1
3
1
0
Sk
u
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J
o
h
o
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,
Ma
lay
s
i
a.
E
m
ail: a
f
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m
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@
u
t
m
.
m
y
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
ax
o
n
o
m
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is
a
p
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o
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ax
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m
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u
s
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a
n
ic
m
atter
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w
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ter
m
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o
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ield
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tio
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f
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ce
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tain
p
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r
p
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s
es.
A
cc
o
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d
in
g
to
Ha
m
d
an
[1
]
,
tax
o
n
o
m
y
in
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d
u
ca
tio
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is
u
s
ed
to
d
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f
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m
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p
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tatio
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tu
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m
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m
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s
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h
th
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es o
f
a
less
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n
ar
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m
et
[
2
]
.
A
ta
x
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n
o
m
y
f
r
a
m
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w
o
r
k
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n
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ca
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iti
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elat
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in
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.
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en
t
s
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d
ies,
ta
x
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tio
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it
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ab
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a
n
d
ex
a
m
ass
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s
s
m
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n
t
[
3
-
5
]
.
E
n
g
[
6
]
an
d
Na
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[7
]
d
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tax
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An
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ties
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B
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'
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tax
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ea
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1
9
5
6
,
w
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w
a
s
later
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ev
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ca
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s
p
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is
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s
in
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w
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[
8
]
.
E
d
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ca
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ca
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te
m
.
T
h
r
o
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th
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s
p
ap
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,
th
e
r
esear
ch
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h
as
id
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if
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r
f
ac
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lear
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in
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p
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s
co
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,
An
d
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W
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tax
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Me
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
R
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I
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N:
2252
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8822
Un
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a
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xo
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my
in
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ca
tio
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field
(
Mu
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ma
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fz
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mima
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A
r
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in
)
525
th
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p
r
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to
d
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-
lear
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T
h
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lev
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ld
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an
d
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til
led
[
9
]
.
T
h
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co
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b
in
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m
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atta
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d
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cu
s
s
ed
b
y
m
an
y
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ch
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[
10
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11
]
.
T
h
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t
h
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ev
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p
ap
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to
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w
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ased
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tiv
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x
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m
y
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n
th
e
f
ield
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
2.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
O
B
L
O
O
M
’
S WO
RK
I
n
1
9
5
6
,
B
en
j
am
in
B
lo
o
m
a
n
d
a
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
r
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j
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m
p
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n
d
f
r
o
m
f
ac
ts
to
co
n
ce
p
tu
al
t
h
i
n
g
s
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
er
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atic
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u
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7
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1
2
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1
2
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izes
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12
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a
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ates
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1
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13
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1
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3.
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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9
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3
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2020
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-
53
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526
Fig
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[
1
4
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.
Ho
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[
1
5
,
1
6
]
.
A
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lect.
T
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i
[
1
7
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f
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y
p
r
e
-
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
al,
uni
-
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
al,
m
u
lt
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-
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
al
,
r
elatio
n
al
an
d
ex
te
n
d
ed
ab
s
tr
ac
t.
T
h
e
SOL
O
ta
x
o
n
o
m
y
is
n
o
t
a
s
w
ell
k
n
o
w
n
as
B
lo
o
m
,
An
d
er
s
o
n
an
d
W
il
s
o
n
’
s
tax
o
n
o
m
i
es,
b
u
t
h
a
s
a
f
ar
-
r
ea
c
h
in
g
v
ie
w
o
f
t
h
e
e
x
is
ten
ce
o
f
a
d
ee
p
-
s
ea
ted
co
m
p
o
n
en
t o
f
lear
n
i
n
g
.
T
h
e
ad
v
an
ta
g
es o
f
d
ee
p
-
lear
n
i
n
g
ar
e
n
o
t
s
i
m
p
l
y
to
lead
to
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
,
s
y
n
th
e
s
i
s
an
d
e
v
al
u
atio
n
,
an
d
e
v
en
lead
to
t
h
e
r
ea
l
m
ea
n
in
g
a
n
d
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
lear
n
i
n
g
.
Fro
m
t
h
e
SO
L
O
ta
x
o
n
o
m
y
,
r
esear
c
h
er
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ar
e
k
ee
n
to
s
ee
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
ex
i
s
te
n
ce
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
alis
m
in
I
s
la
m
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
n
o
tio
n
o
f
a
p
r
o
m
i
n
en
t
s
ch
o
lar
,
S
y
ed
Mu
h
a
m
m
ad
Naq
u
ib
al
-
A
tta
s
,
in
s
o
lv
i
n
g
th
e
ele
m
e
n
t o
f
s
u
r
f
ac
e
lev
e
l le
ar
n
i
n
g
an
d
d
ee
p
lev
el
le
ar
n
in
g
.
4.
UNVE
I
L
I
N
G
A
NE
W
T
AX
O
NO
M
Y
I
N
SYE
D
M
UH
AM
M
AD
NAQ
UIB
AL
-
AT
T
AS’
S
SCH
O
O
L
S O
F
T
H
O
U
G
H
T
As
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
p
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
,
tax
o
n
o
m
y
i
n
ed
u
ca
tio
n
is
w
id
el
y
u
s
ed
in
m
ea
s
u
r
i
n
g
th
i
n
g
s
r
elate
d
to
co
g
n
iti
v
e
o
r
s
tu
d
en
t
th
in
k
i
n
g
.
B
ef
o
r
e
d
is
cu
s
s
in
g
co
g
n
i
tiv
e
m
atter
s
t
h
at
ar
e
a
g
if
t
to
h
u
m
an
b
ein
g
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
th
er
b
ein
g
s
,
it
is
m
o
r
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
to
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
m
a
n
h
i
m
s
el
f
.
A
cc
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
al
-
A
tta
s
[
1
8
]
,
m
an
h
a
s
a
d
u
al
n
atu
r
e.
He
is
b
o
th
b
o
d
y
an
d
s
o
u
l,
an
d
h
e
is
at
o
n
ce
a
p
h
y
s
ica
l
b
ein
g
an
d
a
s
p
ir
it.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
w
h
e
n
w
e
w
a
n
t
to
d
ef
in
e
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
m
a
n
,
w
e
h
av
e
to
r
elate
t
o
th
is
n
atu
r
e.
He
n
ce
,
th
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
es
to
d
is
cu
s
s
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
th
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
ein
g
,
w
h
ich
i
s
ab
o
u
t
h
is
p
o
ten
tial
an
d
h
is
r
o
le.
Fro
m
th
e
h
u
m
a
n
p
o
ten
tial
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e,
t
h
e
k
e
y
w
o
r
d
s
t
h
at
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
f
r
o
m
A
l
-
Q
u
r
an
i
s
‘
al
-
I
n
s
an
’
.
T
h
e
w
o
r
d
‘
al
-
I
n
s
a
n
’
co
m
es
f
r
o
m
b
asic
w
o
r
d
‘
n
a
s
i
y
a’
w
h
ic
h
m
ea
n
s
‘
f
o
r
g
et
f
u
ln
e
s
s
’
.
T
h
is
is
o
n
e
o
f
h
u
m
an
b
ein
g
s
’
attr
ib
u
tes
.
W
e
h
av
e
a
te
n
d
en
c
y
to
b
ec
o
m
e
f
o
r
g
et
f
u
l
b
ec
au
s
e
w
e
lo
s
e
a
w
ar
e
n
ess
.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
t
h
e
w
o
r
d
‘
al
-
n
a
s
’
i
s
u
s
ed
a
s
a
co
llectiv
e
w
o
r
d
f
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
b
ein
g
s
,
w
h
ich
m
ea
n
s
s
ee
i
n
g
an
d
b
ein
g
k
n
o
w
led
g
ea
b
le.
T
h
is
m
ea
n
s
a
h
u
m
a
n
b
ein
g
ca
n
lear
n
f
r
o
m
h
is
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
ac
q
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ir
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k
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w
led
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e,
d
is
ti
n
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u
i
s
h
b
et
w
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n
r
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g
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t a
n
d
w
r
o
n
g
,
an
d
m
ak
e
d
ec
i
s
io
n
s
[
1
8
-
2
2
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
w
o
r
d
al
-
I
n
s
a
n
d
ef
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n
es
t
h
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id
ea
l
ch
ar
ac
te
r
is
tic
o
f
h
u
m
a
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b
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s
.
A
m
an
w
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al
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s
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c
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ar
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ic
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ex
ter
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g
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in
to
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w
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th
in
k
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tel
lectu
a
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tial,
a
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w
h
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lates
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h
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s
p
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tial.
I
n
o
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p
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o
c
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[
1
8
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.
A
l
-
A
t
tas
[
1
8
]
s
tates
th
at
t
h
e
b
o
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y
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h
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r
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d
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i
n
cid
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attitu
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s
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li
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W
ith
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e
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ele
m
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m
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ir
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al
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to
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ip
Hi
m
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
e
d
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in
itio
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o
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h
u
m
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it
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o
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p
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His
p
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d
s
to
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ev
elo
p
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o
u
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an
d
en
ab
le
h
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to
p
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is
r
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[
2
0
,
22]
.
I
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d
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w
it
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h
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m
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cc
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S
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[
2
3
]
in
d
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in
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b
n
K
h
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s
v
ie
w
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h
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s
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ic
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d
s
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tial.
W
ith
th
e
in
te
lli
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,
h
u
m
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s
alw
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tr
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ch
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s
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p
o
liti
cs
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d
ec
o
n
o
m
ics
.
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ith
s
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o
ten
tial,
h
u
m
a
n
s
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u
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n
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f
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C
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.
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m
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in
tellect
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d
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o
ten
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n
e
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n
n
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t
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n
.
W
it
h
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s
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ir
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o
cial,
p
o
liti
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co
n
o
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ic
a
n
d
o
th
er
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h
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d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
ts
w
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o
llap
s
e.
T
h
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ef
lecte
d
in
m
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r
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s
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
c
iv
ili
s
atio
n
s
s
u
c
h
as
p
o
llu
tio
n
,
co
n
g
esti
o
n
,
m
o
r
al
p
r
o
b
lem
s
,
h
i
g
h
co
s
t o
f
liv
in
g
,
c
o
r
r
u
p
tio
n
an
d
m
o
r
e.
W
e
also
f
o
u
n
d
a
n
alter
n
at
iv
e
ex
p
lan
atio
n
b
y
[
1
9
]
.
He
d
ef
in
es
h
u
m
a
n
b
ein
g
s
o
r
h
u
m
an
s
as
h
a
v
in
g
t
w
o
attr
ib
u
te
s
th
a
t
ar
e
th
e
o
u
te
r
n
atu
r
e
an
d
in
n
er
n
at
u
r
e.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
h
i
m
,
t
h
e
o
u
ter
n
at
u
r
e
o
f
a
h
u
m
an
b
ei
n
g
is
co
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
b
y
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
s
en
s
es
t
h
at
allo
w
a
n
in
d
iv
id
u
al
to
co
n
tin
u
e
to
s
u
r
v
i
v
e
o
n
ea
r
th
.
W
ith
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
s
m
el
l,
to
u
ch
,
f
e
el,
s
ee
an
d
h
ea
r
,
a
h
u
m
an
’
s
p
h
y
s
ical
p
o
ten
tial
ca
n
b
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
t
o
k
ee
p
o
n
s
u
r
v
iv
in
g
f
o
r
liv
i
n
g
.
Ho
w
e
v
e
r
,
th
is
p
h
y
s
ical
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
h
u
m
a
n
s
is
also
p
r
esen
t
in
m
o
s
t
o
t
h
er
cr
ea
tu
r
es
in
cl
u
d
in
g
a
n
i
m
als.
So
,
w
h
at
m
ak
es
h
u
m
a
n
s
ah
ea
d
o
f
o
th
er
cr
ea
tu
r
es i
s
t
h
e
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es b
es
t
o
w
ed
o
n
t
h
eir
i
n
n
er
n
atu
r
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
an
i
m
als.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
S
h
a
m
i
,
Mo
h
d
,
an
d
Ha
m
za
h
[
1
9
]
,
as
w
el
l
as
s
en
s
o
r
y
-
eq
u
ip
p
ed
p
h
y
s
ica
l
p
r
o
p
er
ties
,
th
er
e
ar
e
also
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
t
h
at
eq
u
ip
th
e
i
n
n
er
attr
ib
u
tes
o
f
a
h
u
m
an
b
ein
g
ca
lled
t
h
e
i
n
ter
n
al
s
en
s
e.
S
y
ed
Naq
u
ib
al
-
A
tta
s
i
n
d
icate
d
th
at
t
h
e
h
u
m
an
s
o
u
l
i
s
i
m
m
o
r
tal
a
n
d
eq
u
i
p
p
ed
w
it
h
f
ac
u
lties
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
v
ar
io
u
s
l
y
ca
lled
t
h
e
s
p
ir
it
(
ar
-
r
u
h
)
,
th
e
s
el
f
(
an
-
n
a
fs
)
,
th
e
h
ea
r
t
(
a
l
-
q
a
lb
)
an
d
th
e
in
tellec
t
(
al
-
‘
a
q
l
)
.
E
ac
h
o
f
th
ese
ter
m
s
h
a
s
t
w
o
m
ea
n
in
g
s
:
o
n
e
th
at
r
ef
er
s
to
t
h
e
p
h
y
s
ical
an
d
an
o
th
er
to
th
e
s
p
ir
itu
al
asp
ec
t.
T
h
is
ex
p
lan
a
tio
n
w
a
s
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
I
m
a
m
A
l
-
G
h
az
ali,
a
Mu
s
li
m
p
h
ilo
s
o
p
h
er
.
He
also
in
d
icate
d
th
at
th
e
n
o
n
-
p
h
y
s
ic
al
m
an
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
th
e
ele
m
e
n
ts
s
o
u
l
(
r
u
h
)
,
h
ea
r
t
(
q
a
l
b
)
,
th
e
s
elf
(
n
a
fs
)
an
d
in
tellect
(
‘
a
q
l
)
.
T
h
ese
elem
e
n
ts
s
h
ar
e
th
e
s
a
m
e
m
ea
n
in
g
,
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
t
h
e
“
s
p
ir
itu
al
e
m
o
tio
n
to
w
ar
d
Go
d
”.
T
h
is
m
ea
n
i
n
g
i
s
a
u
n
if
y
i
n
g
m
ea
n
i
n
g
in
h
is
d
e
f
i
n
itio
n
ab
o
u
t th
e
r
ea
l sel
f
o
r
th
e
in
n
er
n
atu
r
e
o
f
e
v
er
y
h
u
m
a
n
b
ein
g
[
3
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
s
o
u
l
(
r
u
h
)
is
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
a
u
n
iv
er
s
al
s
p
ir
it
with
i
n
u
s
,
an
d
r
e
m
ai
n
s
u
n
c
h
an
g
ed
an
d
is
a
d
iv
in
e
i
n
s
p
ir
atio
n
i
n
a
p
u
r
e
s
tar
e
u
n
til
w
e
d
ie
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
s
o
u
l
g
i
v
e
s
lif
e
to
h
ea
r
ts
(
q
a
lb
)
.
T
h
e
q
alb
is
th
e
co
r
e
o
f
a
h
u
m
an
b
ei
n
g
t
h
at
g
iv
e
s
an
s
w
er
to
w
h
o
y
o
u
ar
e
an
d
is
ab
le
to
m
a
k
e
a
c
h
o
ice
b
et
w
ee
n
r
ig
h
t
a
n
d
w
r
o
n
g
[
1
8
,
25
]
.
Or
i
g
in
all
y
,
t
h
e
q
a
lb
(
h
ea
r
t)
o
f
m
a
n
is
p
u
r
e,
b
u
t
w
h
en
a
m
a
n
d
o
es
ev
il
d
ee
d
s
,
it
m
ar
k
s
a
s
tain
o
n
h
i
s
h
ea
r
t.
I
f
a
p
er
s
o
n
d
o
es
n
o
t r
ep
en
t,
t
h
e
s
tai
n
s
s
p
r
ea
d
m
o
r
e
an
d
m
o
r
e
u
n
til t
h
e
q
a
lb
ca
n
n
o
t r
ec
ei
v
e
co
r
r
ec
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
o
u
l.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
m
an
’
s
ab
il
it
y
to
d
if
f
er
en
tia
te
b
et
w
ee
n
r
ig
h
t
an
d
w
r
o
n
g
w
ill
r
ed
u
ce
an
d
s
ee
th
i
n
g
s
i
n
t
h
e
in
v
er
s
e
w
h
er
eb
y
w
h
at
is
r
i
g
h
t
is
w
r
o
n
g
an
d
w
h
at
is
w
r
o
n
g
is
r
i
g
h
t.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
th
e
‘
aql
is
th
e
to
o
l
to
d
ev
elo
p
in
tellectu
al
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
an
d
en
ab
le
s
m
an
to
ac
q
u
ir
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
tr
u
e
m
ea
n
in
g
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
is
to
ar
r
iv
e
at
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
ab
o
u
t
G
o
d
o
r
th
e
r
ea
l
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
th
e
C
r
ea
to
r
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
s
ea
t
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
in
m
an
is
a
s
p
ir
itu
al
s
u
b
s
ta
n
ce
w
h
ic
h
is
h
is
h
ea
r
t
an
d
th
e
‘
a
q
l
r
em
a
in
as
an
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
to
o
l to
ac
q
u
ir
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
[
2
6
].
T
h
e
s
elf
(
n
a
fs
)
co
n
ce
n
tr
ate
s
o
n
th
e
co
m
m
a
n
d
i
n
g
q
u
alit
y
o
f
th
e
co
n
s
cio
u
s
s
el
f
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
th
r
ee
u
n
s
ep
ar
ated
s
tag
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
elf
w
h
ich
ar
e
al
-
A
mma
r
a
h
,
a
l
-
La
w
w
a
ma
h
an
d
al
-
Mu
tma
’
in
n
ia
h
.
T
h
e
s
elf
,
al
-
A
mma
r
a
h
,
is
th
e
lo
w
est
s
ta
g
e
in
th
e
s
el
f
-
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
is
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
th
e
i
m
p
u
ls
iv
e
m
in
d
w
h
ich
a
m
an
s
h
ar
e
s
w
it
h
an
i
m
al
s
.
T
h
is
is
a
n
eg
a
tiv
e
p
o
w
er
th
at
w
i
ll
i
m
p
r
i
s
o
n
a
m
an
i
n
h
is
b
o
d
y
(
p
h
y
s
ical)
o
r
m
ater
ial
n
ee
d
s
a
n
d
f
o
r
g
et
A
lla
h
.
T
h
e
m
ain
e
f
f
ec
t o
f
al
-
n
a
fs
al
-
a
mma
r
a
h
is
to
p
ar
aly
ze
th
e
co
g
n
iti
v
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
[
2
5
,
27
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
s
elf
(
n
a
fs
)
w
ill
al
w
a
y
s
u
r
g
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
ein
g
s
t
o
f
u
l
f
il
t
h
eir
p
h
y
s
ical
o
r
b
o
d
y
o
r
m
ater
ial
n
ee
d
s
.
Hen
ce
,
a
m
a
n
w
h
o
lead
s
h
is
lif
e
b
ased
o
n
th
e
b
asic
in
s
ti
n
cts
o
f
p
h
y
s
ical
n
ee
d
s
is
j
u
s
t
lik
e
an
an
i
m
al
w
it
h
n
ee
d
s
f
o
r
f
o
o
d
,
s
leep
,
f
ee
l
s
a
f
e
a
n
d
o
th
er
s
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
[
1
8
]
,
th
is
is
th
e
lo
w
e
s
t
l
ev
el
o
f
t
h
e
h
u
m
a
n
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
s
ta
g
e.
A
t
th
is
le
v
el,
th
er
e
is
n
o
u
n
iq
u
e
n
ess
in
t
h
e
s
u
b
j
ec
tiv
e
s
id
e
o
f
h
u
m
a
n
s
an
d
an
i
m
als
a
s
b
o
th
ac
t
o
n
th
e
s
a
m
e
in
s
t
in
ct
o
f
s
u
r
v
i
v
al.
T
h
is
is
n
o
t
s
i
m
p
l
y
a
th
eo
r
y
b
ec
au
s
e
i
n
m
an
y
b
eh
av
io
r
al
p
s
y
ch
o
lo
g
y
s
tu
d
ie
s
,
an
i
m
als
ar
e
u
s
ed
as
an
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
m
ed
i
u
m
b
ef
o
r
e
b
ein
g
ap
p
lied
to
h
u
m
a
n
s
,
in
c
l
u
d
in
g
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8822
I
n
t
.
J
.
E
v
al
.
&
R
es
.
E
d
u
c
.
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2020
:
5
2
4
-
53
0
528
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
th
e
w
o
r
k
s
o
f
a
R
u
s
s
ia
n
s
cie
n
ti
s
t,
I
v
an
P
av
lo
v
,
w
ith
d
o
g
s
s
h
o
w
h
o
w
t
h
e
a
n
i
m
als
i
n
ter
ac
t
o
v
er
th
eir
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
i
n
g
s
an
d
lear
n
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
ex
p
er
ie
n
ce
th
e
y
h
av
e.
A
s
i
m
ilar
s
t
u
d
y
b
y
T
h
o
r
n
d
ik
e
u
s
ed
ca
ts
i
n
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
ts
an
d
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
th
e
L
a
w
o
f
E
f
f
ec
t
in
lear
n
i
n
g
.
Sk
in
n
er
u
s
ed
m
ice
an
d
p
ig
eo
n
s
to
s
tu
d
y
b
e
h
av
io
r
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
e
f
f
ec
ts
o
n
a
n
ac
tio
n
[
1
2
].
Me
an
w
h
ile,
t
h
e
s
el
f
o
f
al
-
La
w
a
mma
h
is
t
h
e
co
n
s
cien
tio
u
s
o
r
m
o
r
all
y
a
w
ar
e
m
i
n
d
t
h
at
s
tr
u
g
g
les
b
et
w
ee
n
g
o
o
d
an
d
ev
il.
T
h
is
is
th
e
p
o
w
er
o
f
ar
m
ie
s
en
g
a
g
ed
in
a
co
n
s
tan
t
b
attle
o
f
alter
n
ate
s
u
cc
ess
.
I
t
r
elate
s
to
q
a
lb
o
r
th
e
m
id
d
le
s
ta
g
e
o
f
s
el
f
-
a
w
ar
en
es
s
.
Ma
n
a
t
th
is
lev
el
f
all
s
i
n
to
a
co
n
f
u
s
ed
s
tate
o
f
m
i
n
d
.
So
m
eti
m
es,
it
i
s
d
r
a
w
n
to
w
ar
d
s
its
in
te
llect
u
al
p
o
w
er
s
a
n
d
en
co
u
n
ter
s
th
e
i
n
telli
g
ib
le
wh
er
eb
y
t
h
eir
eter
n
a
l
tr
u
th
s
ca
u
s
e
h
i
m
to
af
f
ir
m
h
i
s
lo
y
al
t
y
to
Go
d
;
s
o
m
eti
m
es,
its
an
i
m
al
p
o
w
er
s
d
r
ag
it
d
o
w
n
to
th
e
lo
w
e
s
t
f
o
o
th
ill
s
o
f
t
h
e
b
esti
al
n
at
u
r
e.
T
h
e
s
elf
is
i
n
an
ea
r
n
est
s
tr
u
g
g
le
w
it
h
its
a
n
i
m
al
p
o
w
er
s
.
B
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
m
o
r
al
e
x
ce
llen
ce
an
d
g
o
o
d
w
o
r
k
,
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
f
o
r
m
a
n
to
attai
n
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
est le
v
el
w
h
ich
is
t
h
e
s
el
f
al
-
Mu
tma
’
in
a
h
[
1
8
,
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
h
ig
h
est
s
tag
e
o
f
th
e
s
e
lf
(
al
-
Mu
tma
’
in
n
a
h
)
,
also
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
th
e
r
atio
n
al
s
o
u
l,
is
th
e
m
in
d
p
er
f
ec
tl
y
in
t
u
n
e
w
it
h
Go
d
’
s
w
ill
o
r
th
e
m
i
n
d
in
p
ea
ce
.
T
h
is
is
th
e
p
u
r
e
s
t
s
ta
g
e
o
f
th
e
s
el
f
a
n
d
ca
n
o
n
l
y
b
e
ac
h
ie
v
ed
w
h
en
h
e
i
n
cl
in
es
h
i
m
s
el
f
to
w
ar
d
s
t
h
e
r
ig
h
t
d
ir
ec
tio
n
[
2
8
,
2
9
]
.
T
h
e
s
o
u
l
(
a
r
-
r
u
h
)
an
d
th
e
s
e
lf
(
an
-
n
a
fs
)
is
n
o
t
th
e
s
a
m
e
e
n
ti
t
y
.
T
h
e
s
o
u
l
is
f
i
n
e
an
d
li
g
h
t.
T
h
e
f
u
n
c
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
u
l
is
t
o
attr
ac
t
th
e
s
el
f
to
a
h
ig
h
er
lev
e
l
w
h
ic
h
is
clo
s
e
t
o
A
lla
h
SW
T
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
illu
s
tr
ates th
e
s
tag
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
s
cio
u
s
s
elf
(
n
a
fs
).
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
W
ils
o
n
’
s
t
ax
o
n
o
m
y
I
n
o
r
d
er
t
o
s
u
cc
ee
d
,
h
u
m
a
n
b
ein
g
s
h
a
v
e
to
s
tr
en
g
t
h
en
t
h
eir
h
ea
r
t
to
p
u
t
th
e
s
el
f
u
n
d
er
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
th
e
s
o
u
l
en
er
g
y
[
2
4
]
.
A
t
th
is
s
t
ag
e,
h
u
m
a
n
b
ein
g
s
w
i
ll
d
ev
elo
p
in
ter
n
al
co
n
tr
o
l
to
c
o
n
tr
o
l
th
e
s
elf
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
h
is
r
atio
n
al
th
i
n
k
i
n
g
to
b
e
m
o
d
er
ate
in
a
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
n
t
o
f
h
is
p
h
y
s
ical
n
ee
d
s
.
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ased
o
n
th
e
ab
o
v
e
d
is
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s
s
io
n
,
th
e
r
esear
ch
er
f
o
u
n
d
th
a
t
s
o
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
ab
o
v
e
ar
e
co
g
n
i
tiv
e
cr
ea
tio
n
m
e
th
o
d
s
i
n
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Fra
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
S
y
ed
Mu
h
a
m
m
ad
Naq
u
ib
al
-
A
tta
s
an
d
s
o
m
e
o
f
th
e
ab
o
v
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
allo
w
a
n
o
t
h
er
f
r
an
c
h
i
s
e
to
b
e
f
r
a
m
ed
a
n
d
co
m
p
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to
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is
tin
g
tax
o
n
o
m
y
.
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
o
f
B
lo
o
m
’
s
tax
o
n
o
m
y
co
m
b
i
n
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
S
OL
O
ta
x
o
n
o
m
y
a
n
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
th
e
n
e
w
ta
x
o
n
o
m
y
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
.
Fro
m
t
h
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
,
a
n
e
w
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
o
f
t
h
e
tax
o
n
o
m
y
m
o
d
el
as
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
.
T
h
is
tax
o
n
o
m
y
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
m
o
r
e
h
o
li
s
tic
v
ie
w
i
n
t
h
e
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
tati
o
n
o
f
teac
h
i
n
g
an
d
lear
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es a
n
d
co
v
er
s
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
s
u
r
f
ac
e
a
n
d
d
ee
p
lear
n
in
g
.
T
h
e
d
iag
r
am
i
n
th
i
s
tax
o
n
o
m
y
p
r
ese
n
ts
ev
er
y
s
tep
o
f
th
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
in
n
o
v
atio
n
p
o
in
t
is
t
h
e
d
e
v
el
o
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
p
h
y
s
ical,
in
te
ll
ec
tu
al
a
n
d
s
p
ir
it
u
al
p
o
ten
tial
w
h
ic
h
h
as
b
ee
n
u
n
it
ed
to
th
e
m
ai
n
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
w
h
ic
h
is
to
d
ev
elo
p
b
el
ief
an
d
f
ait
h
to
th
e
C
r
ea
to
r
an
d
to
en
s
lav
e
o
n
esel
f
to
Him
an
d
p
la
y
th
e
r
o
le
as
v
iceg
er
en
t
o
r
kh
a
lifa
h
o
n
th
e
ea
r
th
[
3
0
]
.
Mo
r
e
o
v
er
,
s
elf
a
w
ar
en
es
s
o
f
p
u
r
e
s
u
b
m
i
s
s
io
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to
Go
d
w
ill
g
i
v
e
t
h
e
r
ig
h
t
d
ir
ec
tio
n
to
h
u
m
an
li
f
e
[
3
1
,
3
2
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
ter
m
s
o
f
c
h
a
n
g
e,
p
r
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r
ess
a
n
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
i
n
a
m
a
n
’
s
li
f
e
s
h
o
u
ld
r
ef
er
to
a
d
ef
in
ite
d
ir
ec
tio
n
th
at
i
s
th
e
f
i
n
a
l
v
is
io
n
o
f
li
f
e
to
b
e
ac
h
ie
v
ed
i
n
t
h
is
w
o
r
ld
l
y
l
if
e
[
1
8
,
3
2
]
.
T
h
is
co
u
ld
b
e
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
c
u
r
r
icu
l
u
m
th
at
p
r
o
v
id
es
ex
p
er
ien
ce
an
d
p
r
o
b
lem
s
to
s
o
lv
e
in
r
ea
l
lif
e
[
3
3
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
lear
n
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
b
eg
in
s
w
it
h
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
b
ec
o
m
e
s
an
o
b
lig
atio
n
f
o
r
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
s
to
m
ak
e
ev
er
y
s
t
u
d
en
t
d
ev
elo
p
t
h
e
h
ig
h
es
t
lev
e
l
o
f
lear
n
in
g
to
r
ea
lis
e
t
h
at
it is
a
n
o
b
lig
atio
n
to
ab
id
e
w
it
h
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
al
v
al
u
es t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
eir
b
elief
s
y
s
te
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
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t
.
J
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E
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.
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.
Vo
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9
,
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3
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Sep
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2020
:
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2
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-
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ex
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RE
F
E
R
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NC
E
S
[1
]
M
.
N.
Ha
m
d
a
n
M
u
h
a
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d
,
Ku
ri
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:
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2
0
1
3
.
[2
]
D.
Kra
th
w
o
h
l,
“
A
R
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f
Blo
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Tax
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[4
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o
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S
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A
.
,
a
n
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Ra
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.
R.
,
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Util
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1
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[5
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Kn
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M
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A
.
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En
g
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.
Ra
m
iah
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p
imp
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[7
]
E.
G
.
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,
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,
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n
d
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Ism
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il
,
“
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p
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.
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[8
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A
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.
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.
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[9
]
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.
Je
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m
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v
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tco
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e
s,”
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u
c
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ti
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n
d
Ur
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n
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o
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iety
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v
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l.
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p
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0
]
M
.
H.,
R
.
R.
C.
,
P
.
H
.
a
n
d
M
.
S
.
J
.
N,
“
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n
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th
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s
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2
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1
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.
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h
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d
,
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n
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x
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y
,
”
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u
c
a
t
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Ph
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o
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0
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o
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8
,
p
p
.
7
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0
1
8
.
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2
]
R.
S
lav
in
,
E
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
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l
Psy
c
h
o
l
o
g
y
.
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ry
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n
d
Pra
c
ti
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e
,
1
2
e
d
.
Un
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e
d
S
tate
s o
f
Am
e
ric
a
:
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e
a
rso
n
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
3
]
L
.
O.
W
il
so
n
,
“
A
n
d
e
rso
n
a
n
d
Kra
th
w
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h
l
–
Bl
o
o
m
’s
T
a
x
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o
m
y
Re
v
ise
d
,
”
2
0
1
6
.
[
On
l
i
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
:
//
th
e
se
c
o
n
d
p
r
in
c
ip
le.co
m
/t
e
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c
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in
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ti
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ls/b
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-
bl
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-
c
o
g
n
it
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-
tax
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m
y
-
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v
ise
d
[1
4
]
Ra
d
m
e
h
r
F
.
a
n
d
Dra
k
e
M
.
,
“
E
x
p
lo
rin
g
st
u
d
e
n
ts’
m
e
tac
o
g
n
it
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e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
:
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h
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a
se
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f
in
teg
ra
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a
lcu
lu
s
,
”
Ed
u
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ti
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S
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e
s
,
v
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l.
10
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
-
2
0
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
5
]
H.
J.A
.
C
a
n
d
G
.
Bro
w
n
,
“
Co
g
n
it
i
v
e
p
ro
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ss
e
s in
a
sTT
le:
T
h
e
S
O
LO
tax
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o
m
y
,
”
a
sTT
le R
e
p
o
rt
4
3
,
2
0
0
4
.
[1
6
]
J.
Ca
n
ig
li
a
a
n
d
M
.
M
e
a
d
o
w
s,
“
A
n
a
p
p
li
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ti
o
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o
f
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e
so
l
o
tax
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d
b
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h
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rs t
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lv
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q
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sti
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n
p
ro
b
lem
s,”
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stra
li
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n
J
o
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4
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9
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.
[1
7
]
C.
C
h
a
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
p
p
ly
in
g
th
e
str
u
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tu
re
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b
se
rv
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tco
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(
S
O
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)
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y
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stu
d
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t’s
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s
:
A
n
e
m
p
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stu
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,”
A
ss
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m
e
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t
&
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lu
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ti
o
n
in
Hi
g
h
e
r E
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
4
1
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
5
1
1
-
5
2
7
,
2
0
0
2
.
[1
8
]
S
.
M
.
N
.
a
l
-
A
tt
a
s,
“
T
h
e
Na
tu
re
o
f
M
a
n
a
n
d
th
e
P
sy
c
h
o
lo
g
ica
l
o
f
th
e
Hu
a
m
a
n
S
o
u
l
.
A
b
rief
o
u
tl
in
e
a
n
d
a
f
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
f
o
r
a
n
Isla
m
ic
P
sy
c
h
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
Ep
isti
m
o
lo
g
y
,
”
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
In
st
it
u
te
o
f
Isla
m
ic
T
h
o
u
g
h
t
a
n
d
Ci
v
il
isa
ti
o
n
IIUM
,
S
e
lan
g
o
r,
1
9
9
0
.
[1
9
]
A
.
M
.
A
.
,
S
.
S
h
a
m
i,
H.
M
o
h
d
a
n
d
R.
Ha
m
z
a
h
,
“
In
d
e
x
o
f
In
stru
c
ti
o
n
a
l
S
e
n
siti
v
it
y
o
f
Ho
li
stic
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
T
ra
in
in
g
M
o
d
u
le
f
o
r
M
a
lay
s
ian
T
V
ET
In
stru
c
to
rs
in
P
riso
n
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
Ou
rn
a
l
o
f
Hu
m
a
n
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(
IJ
Ha
T
I),
v
o
l.
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
3
-
1
8
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
0
]
H.
Ro
h
a
n
a
,
M
e
n
g
e
n
a
li
M
a
n
u
si
a
(
Asa
s
Pem
b
a
n
g
u
n
a
n
M
a
n
u
sia
Ber
k
u
a
li
ti
)
.
Jo
h
o
r
Ba
h
a
ru
:
P
e
n
e
rb
it
UT
M
P
re
ss
,
2
0
1
0
.
[2
1
]
H.
N.
A
b
u
d
d
in
,
Fa
ls
a
fa
t
Pen
d
id
ika
n
Isl
a
m
.
Ja
k
a
rta:
G
a
y
a
M
e
d
ia P
r
a
ta
m
a
,
2
0
0
5
.
[2
2
]
H.
Ro
h
a
n
a
,
Ph
il
o
s
o
p
h
y
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
Et
h
ic i
n
P
h
il
o
s
o
p
h
y
.
Ku
a
n
tan
P
a
h
a
n
g
:
P
e
n
e
rb
it
UM
P
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
3
]
O.
S
y
e
d
,
“
T
h
e
M
u
q
a
d
d
im
a
h
o
f
I
b
n
u
K
h
a
ld
u
n
-
Re
li
g
i
o
n
,
Hu
m
a
n
Na
tu
re
a
n
d
Eco
n
o
m
ics
,
”
Ko
lej
Un
iv
e
rsiti
Isla
m
A
n
tara
b
a
n
g
sa
S
e
lan
g
o
r,
S
e
lan
g
o
r,
2
0
0
8
.
[2
4
]
M
.
a
l'
M
a
h
d
i
,
Un
d
e
rs
ta
n
d
t
h
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
me
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
h
u
ma
n
p
e
rs
o
n
a
l
it
y
a
n
d
so
u
l
,
S
e
la
n
g
o
r:
Kh
a
li
f
In
stit
u
te,
2
0
0
5
.
[2
5
]
A
.
A
.
Za
f
a
r,
“
Qu
r
’a
n
ic
c
o
n
c
e
p
ts
o
f
h
u
m
a
n
p
s
y
c
h
e
,
”
T
h
e
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
In
sti
tu
t
e
o
f
I
sla
m
ic
T
h
o
u
g
h
t
a
n
d
Isn
ti
t
u
te
o
f
Isla
m
ic Cen
tre,
P
a
k
istan
,
1
9
9
2
.
[2
6
]
W
.
D.
Wan
M
o
h
d
N
o
r,
“
F
a
lsa
f
a
h
d
a
n
Am
a
lan
P
e
n
d
id
ik
a
n
Isla
m
;
S
y
e
d
M
.
Na
q
u
ib
A
l
-
A
tt
a
s:
S
a
tu
h
u
ra
ian
k
o
n
se
p
a
sli
islam
is
a
si,
”
Ku
a
la L
u
m
p
u
r:
Un
iv
e
rsity
M
a
la
y
a
,
2
0
0
5
.
[2
7
]
A
.
Ib
n
u
,
M
e
n
c
a
p
a
i
M
a
’rifa
t;
S
a
tu
Pen
d
e
k
a
t
a
n
.
Ku
a
la L
u
m
p
u
r:
a
l
-
Hid
a
y
a
h
,
2
0
0
5
.
[2
8
]
R.
F
a
z
lu
r,
M
a
jo
r t
h
e
me
s o
f
t
h
e
Qu
ra
n
.
P
e
talin
g
Ja
y
a
:
Isla
m
ic Bo
o
k
T
ru
st,
1
9
9
9
.
[2
9
]
I.
T
u
rm
u
d
i
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
u
rp
o
se
o
f
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
S
p
iri
tu
a
l
P
o
ten
ti
a
l;
W
h
a
t
is
Y
o
u
r
De
f
in
it
io
n
?”
J
u
rn
a
l
T
e
k
n
o
l
o
g
i
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
5
8
,
p
p
.
8
5
-
8
8
,
2
0
1
6
.
[3
0
]
T
.
M
.
J.
T
u
n
k
u
S
a
ra
h
,
“
P
e
m
b
in
a
a
n
m
o
d
e
l
p
e
n
e
ra
p
a
n
n
il
a
i
d
i
d
a
lam
p
e
n
g
a
jara
n
d
i
i
n
s
ti
t
u
si
p
e
n
g
a
ji
a
n
ti
n
g
g
i
(I
P
T
),
”
Un
iv
e
rsiti
Ke
b
a
n
g
sa
a
n
M
a
la
y
sia
,
S
e
lan
g
o
r,
1
9
9
7
.
[3
1
]
Ha
m
k
a
,
Fa
lsa
f
a
h
Hi
d
u
p
.
S
e
lan
g
o
r:
P
u
sta
k
a
Hid
u
p
,
2
0
0
9
.
[3
2
]
U
m
m
u
Ya
s
m
in
,
M
a
ter
i
T
a
r
b
iya
h
.
Pa
n
d
u
a
n
Ku
rik
u
lu
m
Ba
g
i
D
a
’i
&
M
u
ra
b
b
i
,
5
e
d.
In
d
o
n
e
sia
:
M
e
d
ia
In
sa
n
i
P
re
ss
,
2
0
0
5
.
[3
3
]
P
e
rm
a
tas
a
ri
BD,
G
u
n
a
rh
a
d
i,
a
n
d
Riy
a
d
i,
“
T
h
e
in
f
lu
e
n
c
e
o
f
p
ro
b
lem
b
a
s
e
d
lea
rn
in
g
to
w
a
rd
s
so
c
ial
sc
ien
c
e
lea
rn
in
g
out
c
o
m
e
s
v
ie
we
d
f
ro
m
le
a
rn
in
g
in
tere
st,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Eva
lu
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Res
e
a
rc
h
in
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
39
-
4
6
,
2
0
1
9
.
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