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K
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w
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s
:
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lescen
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d
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ca
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Au
d
io
-
v
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al
m
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d
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Kn
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Sex
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c
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ss
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rticle
u
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r th
e
CC B
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SA
li
c
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se
.
C
o
r
r
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s
p
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nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Su
lis
ty
awa
ti
Su
li
s
ty
awa
ti
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Facu
lty
o
f
Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
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Un
iv
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itas
Ah
m
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Dah
lan
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Pro
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Dr
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So
ep
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Stre
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Um
b
u
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ar
jo
,
Yo
g
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k
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ta,
I
n
d
o
n
esia
.
E
m
ail:
s
u
lis
ty
awa
ti
s
u
y
an
to
@
g
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
L
ab
o
r
s
to
m
ain
tain
ad
o
lescen
t
h
ea
lth
ar
e
n
ee
d
ed
t
o
p
r
ev
e
n
t
v
ar
io
u
s
h
ea
lth
p
r
o
b
lem
s
th
at
p
o
ten
tially
in
f
lu
en
ce
t
h
eir
q
u
ality
o
f
life
,
in
clu
d
in
g
m
ai
n
tain
in
g
h
ea
lth
y
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
.
Sin
ce
th
e
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r
l
y
-
s
tag
e,
th
e
ad
o
lescen
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
p
r
e
p
ar
ed
to
b
ec
o
m
e
a
h
ea
lth
y
a
n
d
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
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ad
o
lescen
t.
T
h
e
h
e
alth
y
ad
o
lescen
t
is
th
e
n
atio
n
al
ca
p
ital
in
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e
f
o
r
co
n
d
u
ctin
g
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
in
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
co
u
n
tr
y
b
e
ca
u
s
e
th
ey
ar
e
s
u
ch
in
v
estme
n
t
f
o
r
a
n
a
d
u
lt
n
o
w,
ad
u
lt
f
u
tu
r
e
liv
e
s
an
d
th
e
n
e
x
t
g
en
er
atio
n
[
1
]
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
a
l
o
w
m
id
d
l
e
-
in
co
m
e
co
u
n
tr
y
s
till
s
u
f
f
er
s
f
r
o
m
a
c
h
ild
m
ar
r
iag
e
p
r
o
b
lem
[
2
]
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
is
co
u
n
tr
y
.
Un
d
e
n
iab
le
th
at
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r
ly
-
ag
e
m
ar
r
ia
g
e
is
a
s
er
io
u
s
p
r
o
b
lem
[
3
]
.
So
m
e
cities
i
n
I
n
d
o
n
esia
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
ex
p
o
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ed
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p
r
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b
lem
,
n
am
ely
J
ak
ar
ta,
Su
r
a
b
ay
a,
B
a
n
d
u
n
g
an
d
Yo
g
y
a
k
ar
ta
[
4
]
.
Yo
g
y
ak
ar
ta
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
b
ig
c
ities
with
a
h
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h
in
cid
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ce
o
f
p
r
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ar
ital
s
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.
I
n
2
0
1
5
,
th
e
Y
o
g
y
ak
a
r
ta
Pro
v
in
cial
Hea
lth
Of
f
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r
e
p
o
r
ted
th
at
1
.
0
7
8
ad
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lescen
t
b
i
r
th
s
at
s
ch
o
o
l
a
g
e,
o
f
w
h
ich
9
7
6
wer
e
p
r
e
g
n
an
t
o
u
t
o
f
m
ar
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ia
g
e
s
tatu
s
[5
,
6]
.
T
h
is
s
itu
atio
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is
d
is
tr
ess
in
g
s
in
ce
th
e
p
r
e
v
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tu
d
y
s
aid
th
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m
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s
t
m
ed
ical
p
r
o
b
lem
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in
ad
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lescen
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elate
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to
s
ex
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r
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p
ar
ticu
la
r
ly
g
ettin
g
p
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n
an
t
b
ef
o
r
e
2
0
[
7
]
.
T
h
is
b
eh
av
io
r
p
u
t
at
r
is
k
to
m
ater
n
al
an
d
in
f
an
t
d
ea
th
s
2
-
4
tim
ed
h
ig
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p
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to
t
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e
p
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eg
n
an
t
wo
m
an
in
2
0
-
3
5
o
f
a
g
e
[
8
]
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
p
r
em
ar
ital
s
ex
in
ad
o
lescen
t
s
co
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ld
ca
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s
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s
o
m
e
s
ex
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ally
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s
m
itted
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es,
s
u
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g
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ea
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HI
V
/
AI
DS
an
d
o
th
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v
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d
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s
es
[9
,
10]
.
An
o
th
er
im
p
ac
t
on
un
-
s
af
e
s
ex
p
u
ts
an
ad
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lescen
t
at
r
is
k
of
u
n
in
ten
d
ed
p
r
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n
a
n
cies
,
wh
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m
ay
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
o
th
e
r
p
r
o
b
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s
s
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d
r
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p
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of
s
ch
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l,
m
ar
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y
in
g
ea
r
ly
,
leav
i
n
g
b
ab
ies an
d
g
ain
in
g
ab
o
r
tio
n
s
[
1
1
-
13]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
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2252
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8
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2
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A
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a
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(
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139
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
I
n
d
o
n
esia
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
Hea
lth
r
e
p
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t,
r
ep
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t
ed
th
at
th
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in
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(
1
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r
s
)
co
n
tin
u
es
to
in
cr
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s
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e
v
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y
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ar
[
1
4
]
.
Peo
p
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with
HI
V/A
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DS
in
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d
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3
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5
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HI
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ag
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4
y
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[
1
5
]
.
R
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to
th
is
r
ep
o
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t,
atten
tio
n
to
a
d
o
lescen
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b
eh
av
i
o
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n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
im
p
r
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v
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d
,
s
u
ch
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b
y
c
o
n
d
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g
h
ea
lth
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
.
T
h
er
e
ar
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d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
s
o
f
o
p
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n
i
o
n
ab
o
u
t
th
e
b
est
ap
p
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o
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to
p
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o
m
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ea
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.
Ho
wev
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,
r
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to
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I
n
d
o
n
esian
Dem
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
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d
Hea
lth
Su
r
v
ey
[
1
6
]
,
a
d
o
lescen
t
s
p
r
ef
e
r
t
o
s
ee
elec
tr
o
n
ic
m
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ia
as
th
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p
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im
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s
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ce
of
in
f
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m
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to
in
cr
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th
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u
n
d
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s
tan
d
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g
of
HI
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/
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DS,
f
er
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,
p
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an
c
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,
th
e
in
f
l
u
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f
d
r
u
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s
an
d
alco
h
o
l.
T
h
is
ev
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d
en
ce
s
tr
en
g
th
en
s
b
y
a
n
o
th
e
r
r
esear
ch
s
ai
d
th
at
s
ex
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lth
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f
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was
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r
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f
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s
ch
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l
,
etc.
[
1
7
]
.
Acc
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in
g
ly
,
p
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s
ex
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t
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v
alid
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T
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al
-
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
k
n
o
wle
d
g
e
in
J
u
n
i
o
r
Hig
h
Sch
o
o
l stu
d
en
ts
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Set
t
ing
a
nd
re
s
ea
rc
h desi
g
n
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
wa
s
co
n
d
u
cted
in
a
s
tated
s
ch
o
o
l:
4
th
J
u
n
i
o
r
Hig
h
Sch
o
o
l
o
f
Ng
o
r
o
-
o
r
o
,
Patu
k
,
Gu
n
u
n
g
k
id
u
l,
Yo
g
y
ak
ar
ta
in
Au
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
9
.
T
h
is
s
ch
o
o
l
lo
c
ated
in
a
r
u
r
al
s
ettin
g
.
W
e
u
s
ed
to
tal
s
am
p
lin
g
o
n
r
ec
r
u
itin
g
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
t.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
en
t
in
1
-
3
rd
g
r
ad
es
was
in
v
ited
to
jo
i
n
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
Stu
d
en
ts
wh
o
d
id
n
o
t
atten
d
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
o
r
lef
t
ea
r
l
y
wer
e
ex
clu
d
ed
.
W
e
co
n
d
u
c
ted
a
b
ef
o
r
e
a
n
d
af
ter
with
o
u
t
co
n
t
r
o
l
i
n
f
o
r
m
al
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
s
tu
d
y
d
esig
n
,
s
u
ch
as
h
ad
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
in
a
r
ec
e
n
t
s
tu
d
y
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
is
d
esig
n
allo
ws
th
e
r
esear
ch
e
r
to
o
b
s
er
v
e
th
e
c
h
an
g
i
n
g
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
b
ef
o
r
e
an
d
af
ter
t
h
e
in
te
r
v
en
t
io
n
as f
o
r
m
u
lated
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Stu
d
y
d
esig
n
illu
s
tr
a
tio
n
2
.
2
.
I
nte
rv
ent
io
n
T
h
e
in
ter
v
en
ti
o
n
was
d
eliv
er
e
d
b
y
th
e
f
ir
s
t
au
th
o
r
u
s
in
g
a
v
alid
atio
n
v
id
e
o
ed
u
ca
tio
n
th
at
r
ec
eiv
ed
in
ter
v
al
v
alid
atio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
n
ten
t
ex
p
er
t,
m
ed
ia
e
x
p
er
t
an
d
u
s
er
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
ly
,
it
is
ap
p
r
o
v
ed
v
alid
an
d
r
elev
an
t
f
o
r
a
d
o
lescen
t.
T
h
is
v
id
eo
c
o
n
tain
s
s
ex
u
a
l
h
ea
lth
ed
u
ca
tio
n
o
n
th
e
a
d
o
lescen
t
with
a
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
ab
o
u
t
2
0
m
in
u
tes.
T
h
e
v
ar
io
u
s
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
wer
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
d
u
r
in
g
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
f
o
r
k
ee
p
in
g
f
o
c
u
s
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
t,
s
u
ch
as b
y
d
eli
v
er
in
g
s
im
p
le
q
u
esti
o
n
s
to
r
es
p
o
n
d
e
n
ts
.
2
.
3
.
P
re
-
a
nd
po
st
-
a
s
s
ess
m
ent
s
T
o
ass
ess
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
i
n
ter
v
en
tio
n
to
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
t
,
a
b
aselin
e
ass
ess
m
en
t
was
c
ar
r
ied
o
u
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
r
e
-
test
in
g
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e.
At
th
e
en
d
o
f
th
e
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
,
th
e
s
am
e
s
u
r
v
ey
was
g
iv
en
to
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
t.
T
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
d
eliv
er
e
d
in
B
a
h
asa
I
n
d
o
n
esia
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
4
1
tr
u
e
-
f
alse
q
u
esti
o
n
s
ab
o
u
t
ad
o
lescen
t
h
ea
lth
r
ep
r
o
d
u
cti
o
n
k
n
o
wled
g
e.
An
o
r
al
ex
p
lan
atio
n
was
g
iv
en
to
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
t
b
e
f
o
r
e
th
e
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
was h
eld
to
g
e
th
er
with
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
c
o
n
s
en
t a
cq
u
is
itio
n
.
2
.
4
.
Sta
t
is
t
ica
l a
na
ly
s
is
T
h
e
an
s
wer
to
ea
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
in
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
was
ad
m
in
is
tr
ated
in
SP
SS
v
er
s
io
n
2
4
.
0
(
I
B
M
C
o
r
p
.
,
Ar
m
o
n
k
,
NY,
USA)
.
T
h
e
co
d
in
g
f
o
r
e
v
er
y
r
esp
o
n
s
e
was
s
co
r
ed
as
f
o
llo
ws:
th
e
co
r
r
ec
t
an
s
wer
was
s
co
r
ed
as
+1
,
an
d
t
h
e
wr
o
n
g
a
n
s
wer
was
s
co
r
ed
as
0
.
T
h
e
in
d
iv
id
u
al
t
o
tal
s
co
r
e
is
4
1
,
an
d
th
e
lo
west
s
co
r
e
is
0
.
W
e
ass
ess
ed
th
e
m
ea
n
s
co
r
e
b
ef
o
r
e
a
n
d
a
f
ter
th
e
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
th
e
n
co
n
tin
u
ed
with
W
ilco
x
o
n
test
d
u
e
to
th
e
d
ata
n
o
t i
n
th
e
n
o
r
m
al
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
.
2
.
5
.
E
t
hica
l c
o
ns
idera
t
io
ns
T
h
er
e
was
n
o
h
ar
m
ar
is
in
g
f
r
o
m
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
in
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
.
R
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
v
o
lu
n
tar
y
t
o
p
a
r
ticip
ate
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
an
d
t
h
ey
ar
e
f
r
ee
to
q
u
it
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
tu
d
y
a
n
y
t
im
e
with
o
u
t
co
n
s
eq
u
en
tial.
I
n
f
o
r
m
co
n
s
en
t
was
o
b
tain
ed
b
e
f
o
r
e
th
e
r
esear
ch
s
tar
ted
.
R
esear
ch
d
ata
wer
e
s
av
ed
b
y
th
e
r
esear
ch
g
r
o
u
p
w
ith
co
n
f
id
en
tial
an
d
clo
s
e
th
e
ac
ce
s
s
with
o
u
t o
u
r
p
er
m
is
s
io
n
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t.
J
.
E
v
al
.
&
R
es
.
E
d
u
c
.
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
2
0
:
1
3
8
-
1
4
3
140
3.
RE
SU
L
T
AND
DI
SCUS
SI
O
N
3
.
1
.
Respo
nd
e
nt
cha
ra
ct
er
is
t
ic
I
n
to
tal,
1
5
3
o
u
t
o
f
1
8
5
s
tu
d
en
ts
p
ar
ticip
ated
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
(
r
esp
o
n
s
e
r
ate:
8
2
%).
M
ajo
r
ity
o
f
r
esp
o
n
d
en
t
wer
e
f
em
ale
(
5
4
%).
T
h
e
m
ea
n
ag
e
o
f
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
was
1
3
.
5
3
y
ea
r
s
o
ld
,
m
ajo
r
ity
o
f
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
wer
e
o
f
1
3
-
1
4
y
ea
r
s
,
as sh
o
wn
in
T
a
b
le
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
So
cio
d
em
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
o
f
r
esp
o
n
d
en
t
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
s
n
(
%)
G
e
n
d
e
r
M
a
l
e
s
7
4
(
4
6
.
2
5
)
F
e
mal
e
s
8
6
(
5
3
.
7
5
)
A
g
e
(
y
e
a
r
s)
11
-
12
2
6
(
1
6
.
2
5
)
13
-
14
1
0
5
(
6
5
.
6
3
)
15
-
16
2
9
(
1
8
.
1
2
)
3
.
2
.
P
re
a
nd
po
s
t
-
a
s
s
ess
m
ent
s
A
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
etwe
en
p
r
e
-
an
d
p
o
s
t
-
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
s
h
o
ws
th
at
o
u
r
b
aselin
e
m
ea
n
s
s
co
r
e
b
ef
o
r
e
th
e
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
was
3
4
.
4
0
,
th
en
af
ter
th
e
in
te
r
v
en
tio
n
was
3
5
.
8
3
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
)
.
Ou
r
in
t
er
v
en
tio
n
b
y
u
s
in
g
au
d
io
v
is
u
al
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
in
cr
e
ased
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
k
n
o
wled
g
e;
it
is
s
ee
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
ea
n
o
f
t
o
tal
s
co
r
e
b
etwe
en
p
r
e
an
d
p
o
s
t
-
test
ass
es
s
m
en
t
(
Fig
u
r
e
2
)
.
T
h
e
k
n
o
wled
g
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
b
etwe
en
th
e
two
ar
m
s
wer
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
in
cr
ea
s
ed
,
as sh
o
wn
in
T
a
b
le
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Pre
-
p
o
s
t a
s
s
ess
m
en
t
u
s
in
g
m
ea
n
s
co
r
e
T
ab
le
2
.
W
ilco
x
o
n
test
f
o
r
p
r
e
an
d
p
o
s
t
-
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
P
-
v
a
l
u
e
Pre
-
Te
st
v
s
P
o
s
t
-
Te
s
t
0
.
0
0
0
T
h
e
m
ax
im
um
t
o
tal
s
co
r
e
f
o
r
ea
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
was
1
5
3
p
o
in
ts
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
p
r
e
an
d
p
o
s
t
-
test
r
esp
o
n
s
es
f
o
r
e
ac
h
q
u
esti
o
n
.
W
e
h
i
g
h
lig
h
te
d
th
r
ee
q
u
esti
o
n
s
th
at
r
ec
ei
v
ed
less
th
an
8
0
o
f
th
e
to
tal
s
co
r
e,
eith
er
p
r
e
o
r
p
o
s
t
o
r
b
o
t
h
.
T
h
o
s
e
q
u
esti
o
n
s
ar
e
n
u
m
b
er
6
)
ab
o
u
t
ev
er
y
o
n
e
h
as
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
a
b
ilit
y
,
1
9
)
estro
g
en
an
d
p
r
o
g
ester
o
n
e
ar
e
h
o
r
m
o
n
es
in
f
em
ale,
wh
ic
h
also
f
o
u
n
d
in
m
ale,
2
1
)
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
o
r
m
o
n
es
d
o
n
o
t
af
f
ec
t
th
e
p
h
y
s
ical
a
n
d
p
s
y
ch
o
lo
g
ical
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
o
f
g
i
r
ls
an
d
b
o
y
’
s
ad
o
lescen
t (
Fig
u
r
e
3
)
.
A
c
o
m
p
lete
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
ca
n
b
e
ac
ce
s
s
ed
at
th
e
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tar
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
.
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
A
u
d
io
-
visu
a
l m
ed
i
a
to
imp
r
o
v
e
s
ex
u
a
l
-
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
h
ea
lth
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
a
mo
n
g
…
(
S
itti
N
u
r
Dja
n
n
a
h
)
141
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
o
tal
s
co
r
e
p
r
e
an
d
p
o
s
t
-
test
f
o
r
ea
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
R
ec
en
tly
,
s
ex
u
al
a
n
d
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
h
ea
lth
k
n
o
wled
g
e
f
o
r
th
e
a
d
o
lescen
t
is
ess
en
tial
to
p
r
e
p
ar
e
th
e
ad
o
lescen
t
to
f
ac
e
th
e
g
l
o
b
aliza
tio
n
an
d
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
er
a
th
at
tr
ig
g
er
ev
er
y
o
n
e
t
o
s
ee
an
d
lear
n
an
y
to
p
ic
with
o
u
t
lim
its
.
T
h
e
ad
o
lescen
t
h
as
to
ed
u
ca
te
in
t
h
e
ea
r
ly
s
tag
e
to
p
r
o
tect
th
eir
b
o
d
y
an
d
f
u
tu
r
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
im
p
r
o
p
e
r
s
o
cial
in
ter
co
u
r
s
e
s
u
ch
as
tu
r
n
to
th
e
f
r
ee
s
ex
u
al
b
eh
av
io
r
,
ch
ild
m
a
r
r
i
ag
e,
s
ex
u
al
o
u
t
o
f
m
ar
r
iag
e,
an
d
s
ex
u
al
with
o
u
t
p
r
o
tectio
n
th
at
p
u
t
th
em
at
r
is
k
to
d
an
g
er
o
u
s
d
is
ea
s
e
lik
e
HI
V/AI
D
S.
I
m
p
r
o
p
er
k
n
o
wled
g
e
ab
o
u
t
r
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
ea
lth
am
o
n
g
ad
o
l
escen
t
s
was
n
o
t
o
n
ly
f
o
u
n
d
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
a
s
tu
d
y
in
R
iy
ad
h
r
ep
o
r
ted
t
h
at
m
o
r
e
th
an
6
0
%
o
f
a
d
o
lescen
ts
h
ad
in
ac
cu
r
ate
k
n
o
wled
g
e
[
1
9
]
.
Au
d
io
v
is
u
al
m
e
d
ia,
b
o
th
o
n
lin
e
an
d
o
f
f
lin
e,
was
p
r
o
v
e
d
as
a
n
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
m
e
d
ia
to
d
eliv
er
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
t
o
a
d
o
lescen
t
s
[
2
0
,
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
m
ain
g
o
al
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
was
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
ad
o
lescen
t
k
n
o
wled
g
e
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
s
ex
u
al
a
n
d
h
ea
lth
r
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
b
y
u
s
in
g
a
u
d
io
-
v
is
u
al
m
e
d
ia.
Ou
r
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
a
d
ee
p
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
s
ex
u
al
an
d
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
ea
lth
b
o
th
f
o
r
w
o
m
an
an
d
m
a
n
.
T
h
is
ed
u
ca
ti
o
n
en
co
u
r
ag
es
ad
o
lescen
t to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
th
eir
p
ar
t o
f
th
e
b
o
d
y
an
d
th
e
v
alu
ed
th
eir
s
elf
,
p
ar
ticu
la
r
ly
th
eir
s
ex
u
al
an
d
r
ep
r
o
d
u
cti
v
e
o
r
g
an
.
T
h
is
co
n
ten
t
is
p
ar
t
o
f
o
u
r
co
n
ce
r
n
th
at
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia d
is
cu
s
s
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ct
iv
e
h
ea
lth
is
a
tab
o
o
to
p
ic
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
ev
id
en
tly
t
h
e
r
o
le
o
f
au
d
io
-
v
is
u
al
m
ed
ia
o
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
ad
o
lescen
t
k
n
o
wled
g
e
r
elate
d
to
s
ex
u
al
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
is
s
tatem
en
t
h
ad
p
r
o
v
e
n
b
y
ex
p
er
t
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
ly
,
w
h
o
s
aid
th
at
au
d
io
-
v
is
u
al
m
ed
i
a
co
n
tr
ib
u
ted
to
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
asp
ec
t
an
d
p
er
s
u
ad
ed
o
n
p
o
s
itiv
e
b
eh
av
io
r
al
ch
an
g
es
[
2
3
-
25]
.
T
h
is
ar
g
u
m
e
n
t
b
ased
o
n
th
e
r
ea
s
o
n
th
at
a
u
d
io
-
v
is
u
al
m
ed
ia
in
v
o
lv
es so
m
e
s
en
s
es to
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
t,
s
u
ch
a
s
h
ea
r
in
g
,
lis
ten
in
g
an
d
v
is
u
al
t
h
at
co
n
n
ec
ts
th
e
r
e
ce
iv
ed
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
t
h
e
h
u
m
an
b
r
ain
b
etwe
en
7
5
to
8
7
%
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
is
ev
id
e
n
ce
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
a
n
o
th
er
s
tu
d
y
,
f
o
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
E
d
g
ar
Dale
Py
r
a
m
id
ex
p
er
ie
n
ce
s
wh
o
s
aid
th
at
5
0
%
o
f
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
lear
n
f
r
o
m
wh
at
t
h
ey
s
ee
an
d
lis
ten
[
4
]
.
So
m
e
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
r
ese
ar
ch
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
th
e
b
en
ef
it
o
f
au
d
io
-
v
is
u
al
m
ed
ia,
s
u
ch
as
Kh
atar
in
a,
T
an
d
Y
u
lian
a
wh
o
p
r
o
v
e
th
at
th
er
e
was
an
as
s
o
ciatio
n
b
etwe
en
h
ea
lth
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
ed
u
ca
tio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
au
d
io
-
v
is
u
al
an
d
h
ea
lth
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
k
n
o
wled
g
e
[
2
7
]
.
C
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
i
n
g
ly
,
No
to
atm
o
d
jo
r
ev
ea
led
s
im
ilar
e
v
id
en
ce
th
at
ey
e
a
n
d
e
ar
ar
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
to
o
ls
f
u
n
ctio
n
in
g
to
g
ain
a
g
o
o
d
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
[
2
8
]
.
Fro
m
th
is
f
ac
t,
we
co
n
cl
u
d
e
t
h
at
o
u
r
au
d
io
-
v
is
u
al
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
as
m
ed
ia
ed
u
ca
tio
n
t
o
in
c
r
ea
s
e
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
ad
o
lescen
t
s
ab
o
u
t r
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
ea
lth
.
T
h
e
lo
w
r
esp
o
n
s
e
was
f
o
u
n
d
i
n
s
o
m
e
q
u
esti
o
n
s
,
wh
ich
is
lo
w
th
an
8
0
o
u
t
o
f
1
5
3
.
First,
it
was
ab
o
u
t
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
r
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
ab
ilit
y
am
o
n
g
h
u
m
an
-
t
h
is
q
u
esti
o
n
s
d
eliv
er
ed
t
o
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
r
es
p
o
n
d
e
n
t k
n
o
wled
g
e
ab
o
u
t
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
in
r
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
ab
ilit
y
am
o
n
g
wo
m
e
n
an
d
m
e
n
.
E
v
en
th
o
u
g
h
th
e
k
n
o
wled
g
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
b
etwe
en
p
r
e
a
n
d
p
o
s
t,
h
o
wev
er
,
th
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
was
s
till
u
n
d
er
th
e
8
0
o
u
t
o
f
1
5
3
.
T
h
i
s
r
esu
lt
s
h
o
w
s
th
at
p
ar
ticip
an
t
h
as
a
lo
w
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
s
y
s
tem
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
am
o
n
g
h
u
m
an
(
wo
m
an
an
d
m
an
)
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
was
s
lig
h
tly
v
ag
u
e;
h
o
wev
e
r
,
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
co
u
r
s
e
o
f
d
ata
co
llectio
n
,
s
o
m
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
ask
ed
clar
if
icatio
n
ab
o
u
t
th
is
q
u
esti
o
n
,
to
g
et
m
o
r
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
.
T
h
is
im
p
lies
th
at
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
u
n
d
er
s
to
o
d
th
e
m
ea
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
lik
ewise
r
ev
ea
led
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
t'
s
k
n
o
wled
g
e
ab
o
u
t
th
e
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
o
r
m
o
n
e
was
n
o
t
co
n
s
is
ten
t.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
f
r
o
m
p
r
e
an
d
p
o
s
t
r
esu
lt
th
a
t
s
h
o
ws
,
af
ter
teac
h
in
g
th
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
d
ec
lin
ed
.
A
s
im
ilar
r
esu
lt
is
s
ee
n
o
n
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
ab
o
u
t
t
h
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
o
r
m
o
n
e
o
n
th
e
p
h
y
s
ical
an
d
p
s
y
ch
o
lo
g
ical
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
g
ir
ls
an
d
b
o
y
’
s
ad
o
lescen
t
s
.
T
h
is
u
n
e
x
p
ec
ted
r
esu
lt
im
p
li
es
th
at
r
esp
o
n
d
e
n
t
unde
r
s
tan
d
i
n
g
ab
o
u
t
th
e
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
o
r
m
o
n
e
is
lo
w.
An
o
th
er
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
was
r
elate
d
to
an
u
n
co
m
f
o
r
tab
le
p
lace
o
n
th
e
i
n
ter
v
en
tio
n
c
o
u
r
s
e
s
in
ce
th
e
v
e
n
u
e
was
h
ad
ti
g
h
t
s
p
ac
e
t
h
at
m
ig
h
t
in
f
lu
e
n
c
e
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
f
u
lf
il
l
m
en
t.
B
esid
es,
th
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
ad
o
l
escen
t
s
o
n
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
o
r
m
o
n
e
s
o
n
th
eir
b
o
d
y
is
ess
en
tial
f
o
r
th
eir
f
u
tu
r
e
s
in
ce
it
ca
n
b
e
b
en
ef
icial
to
m
ain
tain
th
eir
f
er
tili
t
y
[
2
9
]
.
Un
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
p
u
b
e
r
ty
s
tag
e
f
o
r
y
o
u
th
is
u
s
ef
u
l f
o
r
u
n
d
er
g
o
in
g
th
e
v
a
r
io
u
s
ch
an
g
e
d
u
r
in
g
th
ei
r
life
[
3
0
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t.
J
.
E
v
al
.
&
R
es
.
E
d
u
c
.
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
2
0
:
1
3
8
-
1
4
3
142
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
m
ay
h
a
v
e
a
lim
itatio
n
,
wh
ich
was
co
n
d
u
cted
in
an
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
s
itu
atio
n
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
is
a
lar
g
e
am
o
u
n
t,
o
n
an
o
t
h
er
s
id
e,
th
e
v
en
u
e
is
q
u
ite
s
m
all.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
,
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
jo
s
tle
ea
ch
o
th
er
,
wh
ich
m
ay
i
n
f
lu
en
ce
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ac
ce
p
ta
n
ce
,
lik
ewise
th
e
co
n
v
en
ien
c
e
o
f
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
f
u
lf
illme
n
ts
.
Fro
m
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
we
s
u
g
g
est
to
th
e
r
elate
d
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
to
ac
t
o
n
th
e
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
ea
lth
am
o
n
g
th
e
a
d
o
lescen
t.
I
t c
an
b
e
d
o
n
e
b
y
in
s
er
tin
g
th
e
to
p
ic
o
n
f
o
r
m
al
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
o
r
d
o
t
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
al
c
o
u
n
s
elin
g
with
s
tr
en
g
th
en
in
g
to
th
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
to
p
ic.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
a
u
d
io
-
v
is
u
al
m
ed
ia
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t th
is
p
u
r
p
o
s
e.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
Fro
m
th
is
r
esear
ch
ca
n
b
e
co
n
clu
d
ed
th
at
au
d
i
o
-
vi
s
u
al
m
e
d
ia
h
av
e
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
r
o
le
in
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
s
ex
u
al
-
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
h
ea
lth
k
n
o
wled
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e
am
o
n
g
ad
o
lesc
en
t.
I
t
is
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
ad
o
lescen
t
k
n
o
wled
g
e
was
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
r
elate
d
h
u
m
an
r
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
h
o
r
m
o
n
e
an
d
h
u
m
a
n
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
s
y
s
tem
.
Fu
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
s
u
g
g
ested
s
tu
d
y
in
g
d
e
v
elo
p
in
g
m
ed
ia
f
o
r
teac
h
in
g
-
r
elate
d
h
u
m
a
n
h
o
r
m
o
n
e
an
d
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
s
y
s
tem
s
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
M
E
N
T
S
W
e
wo
u
ld
lik
e
to
th
an
k
SM
P
4
th
o
f
Patu
k
,
G
u
n
u
n
g
k
id
u
l
an
d
all
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
wh
o
h
elp
u
s
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
r
esear
ch
co
u
r
s
e.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
was
f
u
n
d
e
d
b
y
th
e
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
R
esear
ch
an
d
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
esia
with
g
r
an
t n
u
m
b
er
L
1
/0
0
1
/C
.
6
/I
I
I
/2
0
1
9
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
WHO,
Glo
b
a
l
Acc
e
ler
a
ted
Actio
n
f
o
r
th
e
He
a
lt
h
o
f
A
d
o
les
c
e
n
ts
(AA
-
HA!)
Gu
id
a
n
c
e
to
S
u
p
p
o
rt
C
o
u
n
tr
y
Imp
lem
e
n
ta
ti
o
n
,
G
e
n
e
v
a
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
]
Q.
Wo
d
o
n
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Eco
n
o
m
ic
imp
a
c
ts
o
f
c
h
il
d
m
a
rriag
e
:
g
l
o
b
a
l
s
y
n
t
h
e
sis
re
p
o
rt,
"
in
Eco
n
o
mic
I
mp
a
c
ts
o
f
Ch
il
d
M
a
rr
ia
g
e
:
Glo
b
a
l
S
y
n
th
e
sis Rep
o
rt
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
2
0
1
7
.
[3
]
S
.
M
o
n
ica
,
"
T
h
e
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
n
e
ss
o
f
sc
h
o
o
l
-
b
a
se
d
se
x
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
p
r
o
g
ra
m
s
in
th
e
p
ro
m
o
t
io
n
o
f
a
b
sti
n
e
n
t
b
e
h
a
v
io
r :
A
m
e
ta
-
a
n
a
ly
sis,"
He
a
lt
h
Ed
u
c
.
Res
.
,
v
o
l.
1
7
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
4
7
1
-
4
8
1
,
2
0
0
2
.
[4
]
D.
N.
S
a
ri
,
A.
Da
rm
a
n
a
,
a
n
d
I.
M
u
h
a
m
m
a
d
,
"
Th
e
e
ffe
c
t
o
f
p
re
d
isp
o
siti
o
n
fa
c
to
rs,
a
ll
o
we
rs,
a
n
d
su
p
p
o
rters
to
se
x
u
a
l
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
o
f
a
d
o
les
c
e
n
t
a
t
As
u
h
a
n
Da
y
a
S
e
n
io
r
Hig
h
S
c
h
o
o
l
M
e
d
a
n
,
"
J
.
Ke
se
h
a
t.
Glo
b
.
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
5
3
-
6
0
,
2
0
1
8
.
[5
]
Kre
sn
a
,
"
Wi
th
in
a
y
e
a
r,
9
7
6
Yo
g
y
a
k
a
rta
stu
d
e
n
ts
b
e
c
a
m
e
p
re
g
n
a
n
t
o
u
t
o
f
we
d
lo
c
k
(in
Ba
h
a
sa
),
"
M
e
rd
e
k
a
.
c
o
m
,
2
0
1
6
.
[On
li
n
e
].
Av
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
s://
ww
w.m
e
rd
e
k
a
.
c
o
m
/p
e
risti
wa
/d
a
lam
-
se
tah
u
n
-
9
7
6
-
p
e
laja
r
-
y
o
g
y
a
k
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rta
-
h
a
m
il
-
di
-
lu
a
r
-
n
i
k
a
h
.
h
tml.
[Ac
c
e
ss
e
d
:
0
1
-
D
e
c
-
2
0
1
9
]
.
[6
]
Th
e
Wo
r
ld
Ba
n
k
,
Acc
e
ler
a
ti
n
g
U
g
a
n
d
a
’s De
v
e
lo
p
me
n
t:
E
n
d
i
n
g
Ch
il
d
M
a
rr
ia
g
e
,
E
d
u
c
a
ti
n
g
Girls
,
2
0
1
7
.
[7
]
A.
R.
M
e
ll
a
n
b
y
,
F
.
A.
P
h
e
lp
s,
N.
J.
Crich
to
n
,
a
n
d
J.
H.
Tri
p
p
,
"
S
c
h
o
o
l
se
x
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
:
An
e
x
p
e
rime
n
tal
p
ro
g
ra
m
m
e
with
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
m
e
d
ica
l
b
e
n
e
fit
,
"
Br.
M
e
d
.
J
.
,
v
o
l
.
3
1
1
,
n
o
.
7
0
0
2
,
p
p
.
4
1
4
,
1
9
9
5
.
[8
]
N.
P
.
S
a
ri
,
"
C
o
mp
a
r
a
ti
v
e
stu
d
y
o
f
a
u
d
io
v
is
u
a
l
a
n
d
p
e
e
r
g
ro
u
p
c
o
u
n
se
li
n
g
o
n
a
d
o
les
c
e
n
t
re
p
r
o
d
u
c
ti
v
e
h
e
a
lt
h
k
n
o
wled
g
e
lev
e
ls
a
t
S
M
P
N
1
N
g
a
g
li
k
S
lem
a
n
Y
o
g
y
a
k
a
rta
,"
U
n
iv
e
rs
it
a
s ’Aisy
iy
a
h
Yo
g
y
a
k
a
rta (UNIS
A),
2
0
1
5
.
[9
]
M
.
S
.
G
h
e
b
re
m
ich
a
e
l
a
n
d
M
.
D.
F
in
k
e
lma
n
,
"
T
h
e
e
ffe
c
t
o
f
p
re
m
a
rit
a
l
se
x
o
n
se
x
u
a
ll
y
tra
n
sm
it
ted
i
n
fe
c
ti
o
n
s
(S
TIs)
a
n
d
h
ig
h
risk
b
e
h
a
v
io
rs i
n
wo
m
e
n
,
"
L
a
n
c
e
t
,
v
o
l
.
5
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
5
9
-
5
4
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
0
]
N.
T.
S
u
b
b
a
ra
o
a
n
d
A.
Ak
h
il
e
sh
,
"
Kn
o
wle
d
g
e
a
n
d
a
tt
i
tu
d
e
a
b
o
u
t
se
x
u
a
l
ly
tran
sm
it
ted
i
n
fe
c
ti
o
n
s
o
th
e
r
t
h
a
n
HIV
a
m
o
n
g
c
o
l
leg
e
stu
d
e
n
ts,
"
In
d
ia
n
J
.
S
e
x
.
T
r
a
n
sm
.
Dis.
AIDS
,
v
o
l.
3
8
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
0
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
1
]
Y.
M
i
,
e
t
a
l
.
, "
P
ro
m
o
ti
n
g
se
x
u
a
l
r
e
sp
o
n
sib
il
it
y
a
m
o
n
g
y
o
u
n
g
p
e
o
p
l
e
in
Zi
m
b
a
b
we
,
"
v
o
l.
2
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
1
-
1
9
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
2
]
G
.
Tu
y
ise
n
g
e
,
C.
Ha
teg
e
k
a
,
a
n
d
R.
A.
Ag
u
il
e
ra
,
"
S
h
o
u
ld
c
o
n
d
o
m
s
b
e
a
v
a
il
a
b
le
i
n
se
c
o
n
d
a
r
y
sc
h
o
o
ls?
Disc
o
u
rse
a
n
d
p
o
li
c
y
d
i
lem
m
a
fo
r
sa
fe
g
u
a
rd
in
g
a
d
o
les
c
e
n
t
re
p
ro
d
u
c
ti
v
e
a
n
d
se
x
u
a
l
h
e
a
lt
h
in
Rwa
n
d
a
,
"
Pa
n
Af
r.
M
e
d
.
J
.
,
v
o
l.
3
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
2
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
3
]
WHO,
"
Ad
o
les
c
e
n
t
p
re
g
n
a
n
c
y
,"
W
e
b
,
2
0
1
8
.
[On
li
n
e
].
Av
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
s://
ww
w.wh
o
.
i
n
t
/n
e
ws
-
ro
o
m
/fac
t
-
sh
e
e
ts/d
e
tail/
a
d
o
les
c
e
n
t
-
p
re
g
n
a
n
c
y
.
[Ac
c
e
ss
e
d
:
1
5
-
Ja
n
-
2
0
2
0
]
.
[1
4
]
M
in
istr
y
o
f
He
a
lt
h
o
f
Re
p
u
b
li
c
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
,
Ge
n
e
ra
l
situ
a
ti
o
n
o
f
HIV
/A
IDS
a
n
d
HIV
tes
t
,
Ja
k
a
rta,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
5
]
M
in
istr
y
o
f
He
a
lt
h
o
f
Re
p
u
b
li
c
In
d
o
n
e
sia
,
D
a
ta
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
C
e
n
ter
o
f
t
h
e
M
in
istry
o
f
He
a
l
th
o
f
th
e
Rep
u
b
li
c
o
f
In
d
o
n
e
sia
.
Ja
k
a
rta,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
6
]
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
F
a
m
il
y
P
lan
n
i
n
g
C
o
o
r
d
i
n
a
ti
n
g
Ag
e
n
c
y
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
He
a
lt
h
a
n
d
De
mo
g
ra
p
h
ic S
u
rv
e
y
,
Ja
k
a
rta,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
7
]
C.
C.
Bre
u
n
e
r
a
n
d
G
.
M
a
tt
so
n
,
"
S
e
x
u
a
li
ty
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
c
h
i
ld
re
n
a
n
d
a
d
o
les
c
e
n
ts
,
"
Ped
i
a
trics
,
v
o
l.
1
3
8
,
n
o
.
2
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
8
]
S
.
S
a
h
ra
n
a
v
a
r
d
,
A.
Esm
a
e
il
i,
H.
S
a
leh
in
i
y
a
,
a
n
d
B.
S
u
sa
n
,
"
T
h
e
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
n
e
ss
o
f
g
ro
u
p
train
i
n
g
o
f
c
o
g
n
it
iv
e
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
ra
l
th
e
1
.
S
i
lv
a
JA
C
d
a
,
S
o
u
z
a
LE
A
d
e
,
G
a
n
a
ss
o
li
C.
Qu
a
li
d
a
d
e
d
e
v
id
a
n
a
terc
e
ira
id
a
d
e
:
p
re
v
a
lên
c
ia
d
e
fa
to
re
s
in
terv
e
n
ien
tes
TT
-
Qu
a
li
ty
o
f
li
fe
in
t
h
e
e
ld
e
rly
:
p
re
v
a
l
e
n
c
e
o
f
in
terv
e
n
i
n
g
fa
c
to
rs.
R,
"
J
.
Ed
u
c
.
He
a
lt
h
Pro
mo
t.
,
v
o
l.
8
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
1
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
9
]
S
.
M
.
G
a
fe
ri,
M
.
F
.
Al
-
Ha
rb
i
,
S
.
M
.
Ya
k
o
u
t
,
a
n
d
A
.
T
.
S
o
li
m
a
n
,
"
Kn
o
wle
d
g
e
,
a
tt
it
u
d
e
a
n
d
p
ra
c
ti
c
e
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late
d
to
re
p
ro
d
u
c
ti
v
e
h
e
a
lt
h
a
m
o
n
g
fe
m
a
l
e
a
d
o
les
c
e
n
ts,
"
J
.
N
u
rs
.
E
d
u
c
.
Pr
a
c
t.
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
5
3
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
0
]
S
.
Ak
ra
m
a
n
d
S
.
K
.
M
a
li
k
,
"
Us
e
o
f
a
u
d
i
o
v
is
u
a
l
a
id
s
fo
r
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
tea
c
h
in
g
o
f
b
io
l
o
g
y
a
t
se
c
o
n
d
a
ry
sc
h
o
o
ls
lev
e
l
lev
e
l,
"
L
e
a
d
e
rs
h
.
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I
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143
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V.
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A.
Jo
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DC:
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Am
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rica
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p
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c
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sc
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h
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to
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DC,
2
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2
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.