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In
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ab
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s
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Usi
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ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
an
d
s
p
ec
if
icall
y
i
n
to
th
e
ag
ile
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
s
o
m
e
ea
r
lier
s
tu
d
ie
s
f
o
cu
s
o
n
ap
p
l
y
in
g
s
e
v
er
al
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
to
ag
ile
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
wh
ile
o
th
er
s
f
o
cu
s
o
n
th
e
b
en
e
f
its
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
tech
n
i
q
u
e
ca
n
b
r
in
g
to
ag
ile
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
en
t.
Ma
n
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
ed
to
b
r
id
g
e
th
is
g
ap
.
Kan
e
s
tated
th
at
n
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
ain
a
g
il
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
m
et
h
o
d
s
ex
p
licitl
y
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
ate
in
ter
ac
tio
n
d
esi
g
n
p
r
ac
tices,
an
d
s
u
g
g
e
s
t
s
th
at
b
y
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
a
tin
g
d
is
co
u
n
t
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
al
u
a
tio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
as
p
ar
t o
f
ag
ile
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
en
t,
t
h
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
ca
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
[
1
4
]
.
He
s
tr
es
s
ed
t
h
at
th
er
e
ar
e
s
till
m
a
n
y
is
s
u
es
t
h
at
m
u
s
t
b
e
ad
d
r
ess
ed
to
m
ak
e
th
e
co
m
b
in
at
io
n
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e.
I
t
s
ee
m
s
th
at
th
e
s
e
li
g
h
t
w
ei
g
h
t
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
ca
n
b
e
a
g
o
o
d
m
atch
w
it
h
a
g
il
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
as
th
e
s
e
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
d
o
n
o
t
r
eq
u
ir
e
an
y
f
o
r
m
al
u
s
ab
ilit
y
tr
ai
n
i
n
g
an
d
ca
n
t
h
er
eb
y
ea
s
i
l
y
b
e
ad
ap
ted
to
w
o
r
k
in
a
n
a
g
ile
co
n
tex
t.
Ho
lzin
g
er
p
r
ese
n
ts
a
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
m
eth
o
d
ca
lle
d
E
x
tr
e
m
e
Usab
ili
t
y
(
XU
)
w
h
er
e
all
t
h
e
b
est
u
s
ab
ilit
y
p
r
ac
tic
es
ar
e
k
ep
t
in
t
h
e
p
lan
n
i
n
g
g
a
m
e
o
f
XP
,
in
c
lu
d
i
n
g
a
th
i
n
k
-
alo
u
d
m
et
h
o
d
o
n
p
ap
e
r
m
o
ck
-
u
p
s
[
1
5
]
.
Me
s
za
r
o
s
a
n
d
Ast
o
n
ar
g
u
e
t
h
at
s
o
m
e
d
esi
g
n
u
p
f
r
o
n
t
p
r
o
v
id
es
b
etter
g
u
id
an
ce
to
t
h
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
tea
m
a
n
d
p
r
o
v
id
es
ea
r
lier
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
f
o
r
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
[
1
6
]
.
P
ae
lk
e
an
d
Neb
e
p
r
esen
t
u
s
in
g
a
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
i
n
te
g
r
ate
a
g
ile
m
e
th
o
d
s
w
it
h
UE
an
d
d
es
ig
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
t
h
at
o
f
f
er
ed
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
.
T
h
ese
te
ch
n
iq
u
es
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
m
ix
ed
r
ea
lit
y
o
r
t
h
e
clo
s
e
co
u
p
li
n
g
o
f
r
ea
l
-
w
o
r
ld
o
b
j
ec
ts
wi
t
h
co
m
p
u
ter
-
g
e
n
er
ated
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
n
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
a
lit
y
.
T
h
is
h
a
s
s
tr
o
n
g
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
r
th
e
cr
ea
tio
n
o
f
u
s
ab
le
u
s
er
i
n
ter
f
ac
e
s
[
1
7
]
.
W
o
lk
er
s
to
r
f
er
p
r
esen
ts
a
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
co
m
b
i
n
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
d
esig
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
(
u
s
er
s
tu
d
ie
s
,
ex
tr
e
m
e
p
er
s
o
n
a
s
,
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ex
p
er
t
ev
al
u
atio
n
s
,
u
s
ab
ilit
y
test
,
an
d
au
to
m
ated
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
al
u
atio
n
s
)
w
it
h
XP
to
tak
e
ad
v
an
tag
e
s
o
f
b
o
th
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es [
1
8
]
.
T
h
ey
h
av
e
co
m
b
i
n
ed
th
e
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es
o
f
XP
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
(
o
n
-
ti
m
e
d
eli
v
er
in
g
,
o
p
ti
m
ized
r
eso
u
r
ce
in
v
est
m
e
n
t,
s
h
o
r
t
r
elea
s
e
c
y
cle
s
,
w
o
r
k
in
g
h
i
g
h
-
q
u
a
lit
y
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e,
ti
g
h
t
cu
s
to
m
er
in
teg
r
atio
n
)
w
it
h
t
h
e
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es
o
f
a
n
i
n
ter
ac
t
iv
e
d
esi
g
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
(
u
s
ab
le,
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le,
ac
ce
p
ted
p
r
o
d
u
cts,
en
d
-
u
s
er
in
te
g
r
atio
n
)
.
Ob
en
d
o
r
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
s
ce
n
ar
io
tech
n
i
q
u
es
in
XP
th
a
t
p
r
eser
v
e
th
e
ag
ilit
y
o
f
ag
ile
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
m
eth
o
d
s
[
1
9
]
.
He
a
d
d
r
ess
ed
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
as
to
o
ls
f
o
r
co
m
b
i
n
in
g
XP
an
d
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
an
d
r
ef
lects
o
n
t
h
e
ex
p
er
ien
ce
s
th
e
y
h
a
v
e
m
ad
e
ad
ap
tin
g
it
t
o
r
ea
l
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
i
n
teg
r
ated
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
n
ee
d
s
m
o
r
e
r
ef
lect
io
n
.
L
o
s
ad
a
in
teg
r
ated
UE
,
ev
al
u
atio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
i
n
I
n
ter
Mo
d
an
d
p
r
o
v
in
g
i
ts
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es,
b
en
ef
it
s
,
an
d
v
er
if
iab
le
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
m
o
tes
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
ta
ilo
r
ed
to
u
s
er
ex
p
e
ctatio
n
s
s
i
n
ce
en
d
u
s
er
s
ar
e
i
n
v
o
l
v
ed
i
n
t
h
e
b
e
g
i
n
n
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
an
d
i
n
t
h
e
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
alu
a
t
io
n
[
2
0
]
.
Mc
Neill
d
escr
ib
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
o
f
s
to
r
y
b
o
ar
d
in
g
as
a
n
iter
ati
v
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
an
d
a
lo
w
-
r
eliab
ili
t
y
p
r
o
t
o
ty
p
i
n
g
i
n
a
g
ile
t
h
at
ca
n
p
er
k
u
p
th
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
es
ig
n
in
s
tead
o
f
s
p
en
d
i
n
g
ti
m
e
o
n
co
d
e
m
o
d
u
les.
Hen
ce
,
e
n
h
an
ce
d
v
er
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
ese
p
r
o
d
u
cts ca
n
d
ev
elo
p
a
c
o
m
p
lete
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
e
n
d
-
u
s
er
s
b
y
ad
d
in
g
u
s
ab
ilit
y
to
ag
ile
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
[
2
1
]
.
W
h
ile
v
ar
io
u
s
i
n
te
g
r
atio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ar
e
co
n
tin
u
all
y
b
ei
n
g
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
ed
u
s
in
g
d
if
f
er
en
t
m
et
h
o
d
s
an
d
tech
n
iq
u
es,
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
s
u
ch
in
te
g
r
atio
n
is
ab
s
e
n
t
o
r
p
o
o
r
ly
d
o
cu
m
en
ted
in
t
h
e
liter
atu
r
e.
Dete
r
m
i
n
i
n
g
h
o
w
to
r
ed
u
ce
t
h
is
g
ap
w
o
u
ld
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ex
c
h
a
n
g
e,
m
a
k
i
n
g
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
m
o
r
e
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
l.
I
n
t
h
e
n
ex
t
s
ec
tio
n
,
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
id
e
n
ti
f
y
ca
s
e
s
in
w
h
ich
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
ca
n
b
e
w
e
ll
-
m
an
ag
ed
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
3.
I
NCO
RP
O
RA
T
I
O
N
O
F
US
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
E
VAL
UAT
I
O
N
C
H
ARAC
T
E
RI
ST
I
CS
T
h
e
m
ai
n
ch
ar
ac
ter
i
s
tics
o
f
th
e
in
co
r
p
o
r
ated
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
o
f
ag
ile
an
d
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
e
v
alu
a
tio
n
t
h
at
au
th
o
r
s
u
s
e
ar
e
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
a.
I
ter
ativ
e
d
esi
g
n
ac
ti
v
itie
s
-
I
n
m
an
y
ca
s
es,
w
h
e
n
u
s
er
-
ce
n
tr
ic
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
,
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
is
r
ef
in
ed
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
u
s
e
r
s
‟
e
v
al
u
atio
n
s
a
n
d
t
h
is
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
m
ai
n
l
y
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
p
h
ase.
W
h
e
n
in
tr
o
d
u
ci
n
g
t
h
e
ag
ile
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
a
d
esig
n
i
s
u
p
d
ated
r
eg
u
lar
l
y
a
s
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct
ev
o
lv
e
s
.
C
o
m
b
i
n
in
g
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
alu
a
tio
n
ac
t
iv
i
ties
w
ith
t
h
e
ag
ile
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
u
s
er
ev
a
l
u
atio
n
is
f
o
s
ter
ed
b
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
alu
a
tio
n
tas
k
s
in
ea
c
h
iter
a
tio
n
o
f
t
w
o
to
f
o
u
r
w
ee
k
s
.
T
h
e
d
esi
g
n
i
s
t
h
e
n
u
p
d
ated
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
ev
alu
a
tio
n
o
f
o
n
-
g
o
in
g
o
u
tco
m
es t
h
at
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
tas
k
s
.
b.
R
o
les
-
Di
f
f
er
e
n
t
r
o
les
ar
e
d
e
f
i
n
ed
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
s
.
T
h
e
ag
ile
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ad
d
s
r
o
les
f
o
r
b
etter
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
C
o
m
b
i
n
in
g
a
g
il
e
an
d
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
ev
alu
a
tio
n
ad
d
s
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
r
o
les,
s
u
c
h
as th
e
u
s
er
i
n
ter
f
ac
e
(
U
I)
ex
p
er
t r
o
le.
c.
Me
asu
r
es
-
T
ak
in
g
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
ts
is
a
b
asic
ac
ti
v
it
y
i
n
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es.
T
h
e
ag
ile
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
em
p
h
a
s
izes
t
h
i
s
an
d
en
co
u
r
ag
e
s
th
e
tr
ac
k
er
r
o
le.
W
h
en
co
m
b
i
n
i
n
g
a
g
ile
an
d
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
a
l
u
atio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
2
,
A
p
r
il 2
0
1
9
:
1
2
8
8
-
1297
1290
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
a
s
et
o
f
ev
al
u
atio
n
to
o
ls
m
a
y
b
e
b
u
ilt
an
d
r
e
f
i
n
ed
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
a
n
d
u
s
ed
iter
ativ
el
y
to
co
m
p
le
m
e
n
t t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
p
r
o
d
u
ct
m
ea
s
u
r
es.
d.
I
ter
ativ
e
d
esi
g
n
ac
ti
v
itie
s
-
I
n
m
an
y
ca
s
es,
w
h
e
n
u
s
er
-
ce
n
tr
ic
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
,
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
is
r
ef
in
ed
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
u
s
e
r
s
‟
e
v
al
u
atio
n
s
a
n
d
t
h
is
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
m
ai
n
l
y
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
p
h
ase.
W
h
e
n
in
tr
o
d
u
ci
n
g
t
h
e
ag
ile
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
a
d
esig
n
i
s
u
p
d
ated
r
eg
u
lar
l
y
a
s
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct
ev
o
lv
e
s
.
C
o
m
b
in
in
g
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
alu
a
tio
n
ac
t
iv
i
ties
w
ith
t
h
e
ag
il
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
u
s
er
ev
a
l
u
atio
n
is
f
o
s
ter
ed
b
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
alu
a
tio
n
tas
k
s
in
ea
c
h
iter
a
tio
n
o
f
t
w
o
to
f
o
u
r
w
ee
k
s
.
T
h
e
d
esi
g
n
i
s
t
h
e
n
u
p
d
ated
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
ev
alu
a
tio
n
o
f
o
n
-
g
o
in
g
o
u
tco
m
es t
h
at
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as r
ef
ac
to
r
in
g
tas
k
s
.
e.
S
tak
e
h
o
ld
er
s
(
Us
er
s
,
C
u
s
to
m
e
r
s
)
-
B
o
th
u
s
ab
ilit
y
an
d
ag
ile
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ar
e
„
h
u
m
a
n
-
ce
n
ter
ed
‟
,
in
th
at
t
h
e
y
v
alu
e
c
lo
s
e
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
w
it
h
s
ta
k
e
h
o
ld
er
s
.
I
n
u
s
ab
ilit
y
,
u
s
er
s
ar
e
p
eo
p
le
th
at
ac
tu
all
y
u
s
e
t
h
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
an
d
t
h
at
p
ar
ticip
ate
i
n
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
g
at
h
er
ed
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
in
ter
v
ie
w
s
a
n
d
f
ield
s
tu
d
ie
s
.
Ag
ile
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t a
l
s
o
v
alu
e
s
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
w
i
th
u
s
er
s
an
d
co
n
s
id
er
s
s
tak
e
h
o
ld
er
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
i
n
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
to
b
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
m
ea
n
s
o
f
co
m
m
u
n
icati
n
g
n
ee
d
s
to
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
.
C
o
m
b
in
i
n
g
ag
i
le
an
d
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
ev
alu
a
t
io
n
allo
w
s
s
ta
k
eh
o
ld
er
s
to
ev
alu
ate
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
u
n
d
er
r
ea
l c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
.
4.
I
NCO
RP
O
RA
T
I
O
N
US
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
E
V
AL
U
AT
I
O
N
M
O
D
E
L
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
in
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
alu
a
tio
n
in
to
ag
ile
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
[
1
3
]
h
as
b
ee
n
ch
o
s
en
as
a
b
asis
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
to
o
l
w
h
ich
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
tea
m
m
e
m
b
er
s
to
n
o
m
in
ate
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
ac
ti
v
itie
s
;
to
d
o
c
u
m
e
n
t
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
ica
te
th
eir
r
esu
lts
;
to
d
ef
in
e
f
ield
s
o
f
co
m
p
e
ten
cie
s
f
o
r
th
e
r
o
les
in
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
to
ac
h
iev
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
u
s
e.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
th
e
s
elec
ted
m
o
d
el
co
n
tain
s
a
lis
t
o
f
ac
ti
v
itie
s
a
n
d
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
co
n
s
t
r
u
cted
f
r
o
m
ca
r
e
f
u
ll
y
s
elec
ted
an
d
an
a
l
y
ze
d
I
S
O
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
.
T
h
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
f
o
r
m
th
e
b
asis
o
f
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
a
lu
at
io
n
an
d
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
w
h
ic
h
th
e
m
o
d
el
aim
s
to
o
p
er
atio
n
alize
an
d
th
u
s
s
i
m
p
li
f
y
t
h
eir
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
in
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
in
cl
u
d
es
t
h
r
ee
asp
ec
ts
a
s
f
o
llo
w
s
.
Firstl
y
,
p
o
ten
tial
in
c
o
r
p
o
r
ati
o
n
p
o
in
ts
ar
e
m
ap
p
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
eir
en
d
ef
f
ec
t
s
a
n
d
o
v
er
lap
b
et
w
ee
n
ac
tiv
itie
s
i
n
u
s
ab
il
it
y
ev
a
lu
at
i
o
n
an
d
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
Seco
n
d
l
y
,
t
h
e
d
ep
en
d
en
cie
s
o
f
t
h
e
ac
ti
v
itie
s
a
n
d
ar
tif
ac
ts
ar
e
ex
a
m
in
ed
to
s
h
o
w
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
lo
w
w
it
h
i
n
ea
ch
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
ir
d
ly
,
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
g
en
ce
ar
tif
ac
t
s
o
f
b
o
th
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es a
r
e
id
e
n
ti
f
ied
.
I
n
t
h
e
n
ex
t sect
io
n
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
o
l is estab
li
s
h
ed
a
s
a
co
m
p
lete
s
y
s
te
m
w
it
h
i
n
its
d
ef
i
n
ed
s
co
p
e.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
g
en
er
al
in
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
m
o
d
els
5.
T
H
E
SO
F
T
WAR
E
M
ANAG
E
M
E
NT
T
O
O
L
B
ased
o
n
th
e
m
o
d
el,
a
co
m
p
lete
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
y
s
te
m
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
d
esig
n
ed
to
f
u
l
f
il
l
a
cr
itical
n
ee
d
o
f
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
ac
ti
v
ities
,
alo
n
g
s
id
e
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
s
o
f
t
war
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t,
e
s
p
ec
ial
l
y
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
a
g
ile
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
T
h
is
s
y
s
te
m
att
e
m
p
ts
to
m
a
n
a
g
e,
m
o
n
ito
r
,
a
n
d
s
teer
t
h
e
u
s
ab
il
it
y
ac
ti
v
iti
es
w
h
ich
h
a
v
e
lo
n
g
b
ee
n
tr
ea
ted
as
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
co
r
e
is
s
u
es
i
n
t
h
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
t
h
e
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
o
f
t
h
is
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
n
o
t
m
ea
n
t
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
to
tal
s
o
lu
tio
n
to
in
co
r
p
o
r
at
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
i
s
s
u
es
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
I
t
is
s
i
m
p
l
y
i
n
ten
d
ed
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
ac
ti
v
ities
in
ad
d
itio
n
to
th
e
e
x
is
tin
g
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
Ma
n
a
g
in
g
u
s
a
b
ilit
y
ev
a
lu
a
tio
n
p
r
a
ctice
s
in
a
g
ile
d
ev
elo
p
men
t
en
viro
n
men
ts
(
F
o
u
a
d
A
b
d
u
la
mee
r
S
a
lma
n
)
1291
an
d
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
.
B
ef
o
r
e
p
r
o
ce
ed
in
g
to
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ta
tio
n
,
w
e
m
u
s
t
f
ir
s
t
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
T
h
e
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
as
a
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
p
r
o
to
t
y
p
e
s
y
s
te
m
to
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
in
a
r
ea
l
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
I
t
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
o
th
er
to
o
ls
s
u
c
h
as
t
h
e
I
n
teg
r
ated
De
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
(
I
D
E
)
an
d
u
s
ab
ilit
y
to
o
ls
u
s
in
g
p
lu
g
-
in
te
ch
n
o
lo
g
y
.
E
s
s
e
n
tial
l
y
,
it
s
er
v
e
s
as
a
s
ca
f
f
o
ld
to
b
r
in
g
to
g
et
h
er
th
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
a
n
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
.
T
h
is
s
y
s
te
m
w
a
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
a
J
av
aScr
ip
t
s
er
v
er
(
J
SP
)
.
T
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
in
ter
n
et
W
E
B
an
d
u
s
i
n
g
M
y
SQ
L
to
d
atab
ase
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t
also
d
e
v
elo
p
th
e
d
atab
a
s
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
o
p
en
s
o
u
r
ce
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
.
I
t
w
a
s
d
esig
n
ed
to
co
v
er
f
o
u
r
m
ai
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
a
liti
es
:
ar
tif
ac
t
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
,
m
o
n
i
to
r
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
ac
ti
v
itie
s
o
f
b
o
th
f
ield
s
(
u
s
ab
ilit
y
a
n
d
s
o
f
t
w
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e
e
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al
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ati
o
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ab
ilit
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al
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ctio
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I
t
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at
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g
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co
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t s
y
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te
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ar
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Fig
u
r
e
2
.
A
v
ie
w
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t
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e
m
an
a
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t s
y
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te
m
ar
ch
itect
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a.
Mo
n
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r
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l (
ac
tiv
itie
s
an
d
ar
tif
ac
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)
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
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m
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ito
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d
co
n
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er
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ec
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en
s
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o
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alu
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tio
n
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g
h
tl
y
co
u
p
led
w
i
th
t
h
e
d
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elo
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m
e
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t
p
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o
ce
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s
,
th
u
s
r
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eiv
i
n
g
o
n
-
g
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in
g
u
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er
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
w
h
ile
co
n
ti
n
u
in
g
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
P
r
o
v
id
in
g
d
as
h
b
o
ar
d
f
o
r
d
is
p
la
y
i
n
g
s
tr
ea
m
o
f
t
h
e
ac
tiv
ities
a
n
d
ar
ti
f
ac
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o
f
b
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th
f
ield
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tr
ik
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alan
ce
o
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e
s
e
tr
ac
k
s
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n
g
s
id
e
t
h
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ev
elo
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m
e
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t
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ce
s
s
.
I
n
th
i
s
w
a
y
,
th
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
tea
m
ca
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id
e
n
ti
f
y
t
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
o
f
ta
s
k
s
,
ac
ti
v
itie
s
,
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
,
an
d
o
th
er
a
s
s
o
ciate
d
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
(
e.
g
.
T
ask
Na
m
e,
Star
t D
ate,
E
n
d
Date
,
P
er
ce
n
t Co
m
p
lete)
v
ia
t
h
i
s
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
.
b.
Man
ag
e
t
h
e
ac
ti
v
itie
s
an
d
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
in
t
h
e
p
lan
T
h
is
en
co
m
p
as
s
es
i
n
ter
f
ac
e
s
th
at
co
v
er
all
p
h
ase
s
o
f
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ac
ti
v
itie
s
(
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
,
d
esig
n
,
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
,
an
d
test
in
g
)
to
en
ab
le
th
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
tea
m
to
s
et,
p
r
io
r
itize,
an
d
ev
alu
ate
us
ab
ilit
y
asp
ec
ts
s
m
o
o
th
l
y
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
eir
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
.
T
h
e
lis
t
s
o
f
t
h
ese
ac
ti
v
ities
s
h
o
w
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
UE
a
n
d
SE
ac
tiv
itie
s
an
d
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
r
ele
v
a
n
t
to
th
e
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
e
v
al
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an
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s
o
f
t
w
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ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
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ce
s
s
,
w
it
h
th
e
p
o
ten
tial in
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
p
o
in
ts
b
ein
g
h
ig
h
li
g
h
t
ed
.
c.
Ma
n
ag
e
t
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
o
f
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
a
lu
at
io
n
i
n
th
e
p
la
n
s
T
h
e
n
ex
t
o
n
e
is
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
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s
f
u
n
ct
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alit
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t
h
at
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
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in
ter
f
ac
e
d
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s
p
la
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f
all
ac
ti
v
it
i
es
o
f
b
o
th
f
ield
s
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
(
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
,
d
esig
n
,
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m
p
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m
en
ta
tio
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,
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test
i
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g
)
to
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ab
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t
h
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
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ev
elo
p
m
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t
tea
m
to
s
elec
t,
s
u
g
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s
t,
an
d
s
et
p
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p
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ab
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ev
al
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m
et
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ased
o
n
ce
r
tain
cr
iter
ia
e.
g
.
E
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
n
ess
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
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2
0
8
8
-
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I
n
t J
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&
C
o
m
p
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n
g
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l.
9
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No
.
2
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p
r
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0
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9
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1292
D
y
n
a
m
ic
it
y
,
T
i
m
e
-
co
s
t,
E
f
f
o
r
t
-
co
s
t,
L
ea
r
n
ab
ilit
y
,
Un
d
er
s
t
an
d
ab
ilit
y
,
R
e
s
u
lts
A
cc
u
r
ac
y
,
C
o
v
er
ag
e
A
r
ea
,
A
tt
itu
d
e,
an
d
Sat
is
f
ac
tio
n
.
d.
Ma
n
ag
e
ar
ti
f
ac
t
s
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
An
ar
ti
f
ac
t
s
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
a
co
llec
tio
n
o
f
ar
ti
f
a
cts
a
n
d
li
n
k
s
ca
p
t
u
r
ed
f
r
o
m
av
ailab
l
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
d
o
cu
m
en
t
atio
n
,
co
d
e
an
d
o
th
er
r
elate
d
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
T
h
is
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
s
to
r
ed
in
to
a
d
atab
ase
o
f
ar
ti
f
ac
t
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
tab
les
to
m
a
k
e
t
h
e
m
r
ea
d
il
y
a
v
ailab
le
f
o
r
m
an
ag
e
m
e
n
t
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
.
e.
P
r
o
d
u
ce
p
lan
s
T
h
is
ca
n
b
e
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
t
w
o
m
ai
n
tas
k
s
,
n
a
m
el
y
s
u
g
g
es
tin
g
ac
ti
v
itie
s
f
o
r
b
o
th
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
alu
a
tio
n
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
an
d
s
u
g
g
e
s
ti
n
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
o
f
u
s
ab
il
it
y
ev
a
lu
at
io
n
.
T
h
is
m
a
y
t
h
en
b
e
u
s
ed
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
p
lan
r
ep
o
r
ts
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
ac
ti
v
itie
s
,
m
et
h
o
d
s
an
d
ex
p
ec
ted
a
r
tif
ac
ts
.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
s
u
g
g
e
s
t
th
at
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
th
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
a
n
d
ag
ile
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
an
e
x
ten
s
io
n
t
o
a
co
n
te
m
p
o
r
ar
y
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t in
o
r
d
er
to
b
e
u
s
ed
in
a
n
at
u
r
al
m
a
n
n
er
.
T
h
is
is
elab
o
r
ated
in
t
h
e
n
ex
t
s
ec
tio
n
.
6.
T
H
E
P
RO
J
E
C
T
W
ith
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
r
o
m
an
i
n
d
u
s
tr
y
d
ev
elo
p
er
,
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
a
u
th
o
r
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
th
e
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
to
o
l
d
escr
ib
ed
in
th
is
p
ap
er
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
to
o
k
th
r
ee
m
o
n
t
h
s
a
n
d
w
a
s
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
4
iter
atio
n
s
,
th
r
ee
o
f
3
w
ee
k
s
ea
ch
an
d
o
n
e
o
f
4
w
ee
k
s
.
T
ab
l
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
d
u
r
atio
n
an
d
t
h
e
m
ain
t
h
e
m
es o
f
ea
ch
iter
atio
n
.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
I
ter
atio
n
s
-
d
u
r
atio
n
an
d
T
h
e
m
es
I
t
e
r
.
T
h
e
me
s
D
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
(
w
e
e
k
s)
1
Ex
p
e
r
i
me
n
t
s
a
n
d
R
o
l
e
s
a.
En
d
-
to
-
e
n
d
p
l
a
n
s:
d
e
f
i
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
a
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s,
me
t
h
o
d
s
,
e
x
p
e
c
t
e
d
a
r
t
i
f
a
c
t
s,
a
n
d
r
e
su
l
t
s v
i
e
w
b.
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
r
r
o
l
e
-
p
e
r
sp
e
c
t
i
v
e
c.
U
sab
i
l
i
t
y
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
r
o
l
e
-
p
e
r
sp
e
c
t
i
v
e
d.
O
t
h
e
r
t
e
a
m ro
l
e
-
p
e
r
sp
e
c
t
i
v
e
e.
W
o
r
k
i
t
e
ms c
a
n
b
e
c
r
e
a
t
e
d
,
a
ss
i
g
n
e
d
f.
T
h
e
s
y
st
e
m h
a
s o
n
e
d
a
t
a
r
e
p
o
si
t
o
r
y
3
2
U
se
r
s‟
i
n
t
e
r
f
a
c
e
a.
U
se
r
s‟
man
a
g
e
me
n
t
a
n
d
p
e
r
mi
ssi
o
n
s
b.
A
u
se
r
i
n
t
e
r
f
a
c
e
t
o
p
r
o
d
u
c
e
t
h
e
p
l
a
n
s
c.
C
l
i
e
n
t
/
S
e
r
v
e
r
a
r
c
h
i
t
e
c
t
u
r
e
f
o
r
man
a
g
i
n
g
t
h
e
a
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s a
n
d
me
t
h
o
d
s
d.
S
u
p
p
o
r
t
i
n
g
se
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
me
t
h
o
d
f
o
r
u
se
r
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
t
h
a
t
a
r
e
d
e
r
i
v
e
d
f
r
o
m
c
e
r
t
a
i
n
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
e.
O
n
l
i
n
e
h
e
l
p
4
3
S
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
a.
T
e
st
i
n
g
a
n
d
R
e
f
a
c
t
o
r
i
n
g
b.
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
r
e
f
i
n
e
me
n
t
3
4
O
b
se
r
v
e
a
n
d
U
se
r
P
r
o
f
i
l
i
n
g
a.
S
u
p
p
o
r
t
i
n
g
mo
n
i
t
o
r
a
n
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
(
a
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s
a
n
d
a
r
t
i
f
a
c
t
s)
b.
S
u
p
p
o
r
t
i
n
g
u
se
r
p
r
o
f
i
l
i
n
g
c.
S
c
a
l
e
u
sa
b
i
l
i
t
y
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
me
t
h
o
d
s
3
6
.
1
.
Usi
ng
t
he
m
a
na
g
e
m
ent
s
y
s
t
e
m
T
h
e
m
ain
f
ea
t
u
r
e
o
f
th
e
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
s
y
s
te
m
is
its
ab
ili
t
y
to
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
ate
an
d
m
an
a
g
e
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
ev
alu
a
tio
n
w
i
th
i
n
t
h
e
co
n
te
x
t
o
f
an
a
g
ile
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
Fo
cu
s
i
n
g
o
n
a
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
th
at
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
k
in
d
s
o
f
r
eq
u
ir
ed
ac
tiv
ities
,
t
h
e
n
d
ef
i
n
e
s
u
itab
le
m
et
h
o
d
s
to
ap
p
ly
t
h
ese
ac
ti
v
itie
s
.
T
h
at
is
,
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
tea
m
c
h
o
o
s
es
th
e
s
et
o
f
ac
ti
v
itie
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
n
at
u
r
e
o
f
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
an
d
th
e
n
s
elec
ts
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
m
et
h
o
d
s
b
ased
o
n
s
elec
tio
n
cr
iter
ia
(
t
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
w
ill
b
e
f
r
o
m
a
g
ile
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e)
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
t
h
ese
ac
t
iv
i
ties
a
n
d
task
s
as s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
3
an
d
F
ig
u
r
e
4
.
6
.
2
.
Rela
t
ed
env
iro
n
m
ent
Du
e
to
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t
to
o
l
in
te
n
d
ed
to
b
u
ild
a
b
r
id
g
e
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
e
v
a
lu
atio
n
a
n
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t;
it
h
as
to
d
ea
l
w
ith
s
ev
er
al
t
y
p
es
o
f
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
an
d
ev
a
lu
atio
n
to
o
ls
.
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
o
n
e
t
y
p
e
o
f
th
o
s
e
to
o
ls
is
I
DE
.
I
t
is
a
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
latf
o
r
m
t
h
at
p
r
o
v
id
es
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
i
v
e
f
ac
ilit
ies
to
co
m
p
u
ter
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
er
s
f
o
r
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
e
n
t.
T
h
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
b
et
w
ee
n
an
i
n
te
g
r
ated
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
o
th
er
p
ar
ts
o
f
th
e
b
r
o
ad
er
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
is
n
o
t
w
ell
-
d
ef
in
ed
.
So
m
eti
m
e
s
a
v
er
s
io
n
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
te
m
,
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
to
o
ls
to
s
i
m
p
li
f
y
t
h
e
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
o
f
a
g
r
ap
h
ical
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
(
GUI
)
,
ar
e
i
n
teg
r
at
ed
.
Ou
r
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
to
o
l
i
s
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
o
s
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
te
g
r
ated
to
t
h
i
s
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
A
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
U
E
to
o
ls
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
to
f
ac
ilit
ate
u
s
ab
ilit
y
p
r
ac
titi
o
n
er
s
'
ta
s
k
s
s
u
c
h
as:
a)
Usab
ilit
y
d
ata
C
ap
tu
r
e:
co
llectin
g
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
d
ata,
s
u
c
h
as
task
co
m
p
letio
n
ti
m
e,
er
r
o
r
s
,
g
u
id
elin
e
v
io
latio
n
s
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
Ma
n
a
g
in
g
u
s
a
b
ilit
y
ev
a
lu
a
tio
n
p
r
a
ctice
s
in
a
g
ile
d
ev
elo
p
men
t
en
viro
n
men
ts
(
F
o
u
a
d
A
b
d
u
la
mee
r
S
a
lma
n
)
1293
an
d
s
u
b
j
ec
tiv
e
r
ati
n
g
s
;
b
)
Usab
ilit
y
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
an
a
l
y
s
is
:
i
n
ter
p
r
etin
g
u
s
ab
ilit
y
d
ata
to
id
en
ti
f
y
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
i
n
t
h
e
in
ter
f
ac
e
; a
n
d
c)
C
r
itiq
u
e
(
r
ep
o
r
t)
: su
g
g
esti
n
g
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
to
m
iti
g
ate
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
.
Si
m
i
lar
l
y
,
t
h
e
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
to
o
l
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
w
it
h
t
h
o
s
e
to
o
ls
.
B
r
in
g
in
g
to
g
eth
er
t
h
ese
t
w
o
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
s
u
s
in
g
th
e
m
a
n
ag
e
m
en
t
to
o
l
co
u
ld
w
ell
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
u
s
ab
ilit
y
en
g
i
n
ee
r
s
an
d
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
.
T
h
is
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
li
n
k
i
s
ess
e
n
ti
al
to
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
s
y
s
t
e
m
as
it
is
d
ee
m
e
d
ef
f
icien
t,
also
th
at
it
is
p
leasi
n
g
a
n
d
u
s
e
f
u
l
to
th
e
en
d
u
s
er
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
a
v
e
s
ti
m
e
b
y
r
ed
u
cin
g
t
h
e
i
n
co
n
s
is
te
n
ci
es
in
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
in
g
t
h
er
eb
y
r
ed
u
cin
g
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ar
ea
s
f
o
r
d
eb
ate.
B
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
lu
g
-
in
f
ea
t
u
r
e,
th
e
m
an
ag
e
m
e
n
t
to
o
l
w
ill
co
n
s
o
lid
at
e
b
o
th
f
ield
s
a
n
d
p
r
o
m
o
te
t
h
e
p
r
ec
is
io
n
an
d
co
m
p
lete
n
e
s
s
as a
r
es
u
lt o
f
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
E
x
ce
r
p
t o
f
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
o
f
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t p
r
o
ce
s
s
p
ag
e
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
E
x
ce
r
p
t o
f
th
e
p
lan
n
i
n
g
p
a
g
e
f
o
r
s
u
g
g
est
in
g
m
eth
o
d
s
o
f
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
7.
E
VA
L
UA
T
I
N
G
T
H
E
M
ANAG
E
M
E
NT
T
O
O
L
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
ev
alu
ati
n
g
t
h
e
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
to
o
l
w
a
s
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
in
g
t
h
e
v
er
i
f
i
ca
tio
n
an
d
v
alid
atio
n
s
ta
g
es.
T
h
e
v
er
i
f
ic
atio
n
s
ta
g
e
w
as
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
e
x
p
er
ts
f
r
o
m
th
e
i
n
d
u
s
tr
y
f
ield
,
w
h
o
ar
e
t
h
e
d
o
m
ai
n
ex
p
er
ts
.
Valid
atio
n
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
th
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
ac
titi
o
n
er
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
ese
s
tag
es a
r
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
f
u
r
th
er
in
t
h
e
n
e
x
t s
u
b
-
s
ec
tio
n
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
2
,
A
p
r
il 2
0
1
9
:
1
2
8
8
-
1297
1294
7
.
1
.
Ver
if
ica
t
io
n t
hro
ug
h
e
x
pert
r
ev
iew
s
E
x
p
er
t
r
ev
ie
w
s
ar
e
ac
ce
p
ted
as
a
w
a
y
to
d
etec
t
an
d
r
e
m
o
v
e
d
ef
ec
ts
[
2
2
]
,
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
ad
ap
ted
th
is
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
th
e
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Ver
if
icatio
n
is
in
ten
d
ed
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
th
a
t
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
to
o
l
co
n
f
o
r
m
s
to
its
s
p
ec
i
f
icatio
n
[
2
4
]
an
d
th
at
all
r
eq
u
ir
ed
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
ar
e
p
r
esen
t in
t
h
e
r
ig
h
t
q
u
an
tit
y
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
t
w
o
m
ai
n
is
s
u
es
t
h
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
v
er
if
ied
i
n
t
h
i
s
s
y
s
te
m
ar
e
l
is
t
s
o
f
ac
tiv
ities
,
ar
tif
ac
t
s
,
d
ep
en
d
en
cies
a
n
d
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
;
a
n
d
th
e
s
elec
t
io
n
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
m
et
h
o
d
s
cr
it
er
ia.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
t
h
e
p
o
ten
tia
l
e
x
p
er
ts
w
h
o
h
ad
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
an
d
ex
p
e
r
ien
ce
in
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
q
u
alit
y
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
u
s
ab
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
th
o
s
e
in
S
E
,
p
ay
s
a
tten
tio
n
to
th
e
a
g
ile
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
s
id
en
ti
f
ied
.
T
h
ey
w
er
e
c
h
o
s
en
b
y
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
c
h
ar
ac
te
r
is
tic
s
o
f
e
x
p
er
ts
as
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
b
y
[
2
6
]
,
[
2
7
]
.
7
.
2
.
Def
ine t
he
e
x
pert
s
Ver
if
icatio
n
w
a
s
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
t
w
el
v
e
e
x
p
er
ts
af
ter
th
e
y
w
er
e
co
n
tacte
d
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
e
-
m
ail
s
.
F
iv
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
w
er
e
w
i
lli
n
g
to
v
er
i
f
y
t
h
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
asp
ec
t a
n
d
t
h
r
ee
o
f
t
h
e
m
w
er
e
w
i
lli
n
g
to
v
er
i
f
y
t
h
e
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
SE
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e,
w
h
i
ch
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
s
u
f
f
icien
t
[
2
8
]
,
[
2
9
]
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
,
ap
p
o
in
t
m
en
t
s
w
er
e
m
ad
e
an
d
f
ac
e
to
f
ac
e
m
ee
ti
n
g
s
w
e
r
e
h
eld
.
B
asicall
y
,
t
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
ac
tiv
ities
w
er
e
co
n
d
u
cted
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
r
e
v
ie
w
s
ess
io
n
s
:
a.
Au
t
h
o
r
s
p
r
esen
ted
t
h
e
o
v
er
v
i
e
w
o
f
t
h
e
s
tu
d
y
a
n
d
th
e
s
te
p
s
f
o
r
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
t
h
e
u
s
a
b
ilit
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
ac
tiv
itie
s
i
n
th
e
a
g
ile
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t to
th
e
ex
p
er
ts
.
b.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
ts
w
o
u
ld
th
e
n
f
o
cu
s
o
n
r
ev
ie
w
i
n
g
th
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
an
d
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
ac
tiv
iti
es
an
d
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
p
lu
s
s
elec
t
io
n
u
s
ab
ilit
y
m
eth
o
d
s
cr
iter
ia
o
f
th
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t
to
o
l.
c.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
ts
r
ev
ie
w
ed
t
h
e
s
te
p
s
o
f
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
in
g
th
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
to
o
l.
T
h
ey
h
ad
th
e
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
it
y
to
as
k
q
u
esti
o
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
au
t
h
o
r
s
f
o
r
f
u
r
th
er
clar
if
icatio
n
.
d.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
ts
g
av
e
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
b
y
co
m
p
let
in
g
a
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
f
o
r
m
.
e.
R
esear
ch
er
t
h
en
u
p
d
ated
th
e
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t to
o
l a
s
s
u
g
g
ested
b
y
t
h
e
ex
p
er
ts
.
7
.
3
.
Resul
t
s
o
f
v
er
if
ic
a
t
io
n
L
is
ts
o
f
t
h
e
ac
tiv
i
ties
,
ar
ti
f
ac
t
s
,
an
d
d
ep
en
d
en
cies
an
d
r
elat
io
n
s
h
ip
s
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
t
h
e
to
o
l
its
elf
,
w
er
e
v
er
if
ied
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ased
o
n
th
eir
co
m
p
r
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en
s
i
v
e
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es
s
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n
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er
s
ta
n
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il
it
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u
f
f
ic
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t,
ac
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r
ate
n
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an
d
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
.
T
h
ese
cr
iter
ia
ar
e
ad
ap
ted
f
r
o
m
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
[
3
0
]
,
[
3
1
]
.
T
h
e
d
escr
ip
tio
n
s
o
f
th
e
s
e
cr
it
er
ia
ar
e
as
lis
ted
in
T
ab
le
2
.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
ts
p
r
o
v
id
ed
th
eir
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
b
y
co
m
p
leti
n
g
a
ch
ec
k
li
s
t
f
o
r
m
.
T
ab
le
2
.
Descr
ip
tio
n
s
o
f
Ver
if
icatio
n
C
r
iter
ia
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
D
e
scri
p
t
i
o
n
s
C
o
mp
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h
e
n
si
v
e
n
e
ss
T
h
i
s c
r
i
t
e
r
i
o
n
s
h
o
w
s t
h
a
t
t
h
e
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
d
a
c
t
i
v
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t
i
e
s,
a
r
t
i
f
a
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t
s
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h
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d
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p
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n
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n
d
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t
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h
i
p
s
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a
n
d
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h
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se
l
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t
i
o
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u
sa
b
i
l
i
t
y
me
t
h
o
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s
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r
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a
a
r
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i
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c
l
u
d
e
d
i
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t
h
e
t
o
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l
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U
n
d
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r
st
a
n
d
a
b
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t
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h
e
c
r
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st
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me
t
h
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r
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o
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a
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t
s
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h
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p
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n
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a
n
d
r
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l
a
t
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o
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sh
i
p
s,
a
n
d
t
h
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se
l
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t
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u
sa
b
i
l
i
t
y
me
t
h
o
d
s
c
r
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a
a
r
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d
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c
o
m
p
o
se
d
t
o
a
c
h
i
e
v
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su
f
f
i
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t
i
n
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o
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o
r
a
t
i
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n
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c
c
u
r
a
t
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s t
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d
r
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a
t
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o
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i
p
s,
a
n
d
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e
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t
i
o
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u
sa
b
i
l
i
t
y
me
t
h
o
d
s
c
r
i
t
e
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i
a
a
r
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a
d
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q
u
a
t
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l
y
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e
c
o
mp
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d
t
o
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v
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a
c
c
u
r
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n
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o
r
p
o
r
a
t
i
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n
.
O
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
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T
h
e
c
r
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t
e
r
i
o
n
d
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n
o
t
e
s t
h
a
t
t
h
e
a
c
t
i
v
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t
i
e
s,
a
r
t
i
f
a
c
t
s,
t
h
e
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
c
i
e
s a
n
d
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
s,
a
n
d
t
h
e
se
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
u
s
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
me
t
h
o
d
s
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
a
r
e
o
r
g
a
n
i
z
e
d
w
e
l
l
.
Mo
s
t
ex
p
er
ts
ag
r
ee
d
th
a
t
th
e
ac
tiv
itie
s
,
ar
tif
ac
t
s
,
th
e
d
e
p
en
d
en
cies
a
n
d
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
,
an
d
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
u
s
ab
ilit
y
m
et
h
o
d
s
cr
iter
ia
o
f
th
e
to
o
l
ar
e
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
i
v
e,
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
ab
le,
s
u
f
f
ic
ien
t,
ac
c
u
r
ate,
a
n
d
o
r
g
an
ized
w
ell.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
t
h
e
y
h
ad
s
o
m
e
co
m
m
e
n
ts
o
n
th
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
ab
ilit
y
a
n
d
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
o
f
th
e
ac
tiv
itie
s
,
ar
ti
f
ac
ts
an
d
th
eir
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
.
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
E
x
p
er
ts
A
,
B
,
a
n
d
D
s
u
g
g
este
d
th
at
th
e
lis
t
s
o
f
ac
tiv
itie
s
an
d
ar
tif
ac
ts
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
w
it
h
s
o
u
r
ce
r
ef
er
en
ce
.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
E
x
p
er
ts
C
,
E
,
an
d
H
f
o
u
n
d
t
h
at
th
er
e
w
er
e
s
o
m
e
ac
ti
v
it
y
an
d
ar
tif
ac
t
d
escr
ip
tio
n
s
th
at
w
er
e
n
o
t
v
er
y
clea
r
.
E
x
p
er
t
F
co
n
clu
d
ed
th
at
ce
r
tai
n
tex
ts
f
o
r
th
e
ac
tiv
it
ies
an
d
a
r
tif
ac
ts
w
er
e
m
i
s
r
ep
r
esen
ted
,
s
u
ch
as
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
al
u
atio
n
ac
tiv
it
y
n
u
m
b
er
3
“f
ee
d
b
ac
k
”.
E
x
p
er
ts
D
an
d
E
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
th
at
t
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
cr
iter
ia
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
o
r
g
an
ized
b
ased
o
n
th
r
ee
s
ca
les
r
ath
er
t
h
an
f
iv
e.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
al
l
s
u
g
g
est
io
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
e
x
p
er
t
w
e
r
e
tak
e
n
i
n
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
.
H
en
ce
,
t
h
e
ac
ti
v
it
ies,
ar
tif
ac
ts
,
t
h
e
d
ep
en
d
en
c
ies,
an
d
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
u
s
ab
ilit
y
m
et
h
o
d
s
cr
iter
ia
w
er
e
u
p
d
at
ed
ac
co
r
d
in
g
l
y
a
s
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
co
m
m
en
ts
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
ex
p
er
ts
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t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
w
a
s
r
eo
r
g
an
ized
an
d
u
p
d
ated
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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1295
8.
VALI
DAT
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en
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k
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ased
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tin
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en
t
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e
y
s
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al
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t
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s
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An
as
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s
m
en
t
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m
[3
2
]
,
[
3
3
]
w
as
p
r
o
v
id
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f
o
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t
h
e
m
to
a
s
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f
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al
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t,
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e
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ad
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:
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s
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p
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b
et
w
ee
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1
to
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,
as
w
ell
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o
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en
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e
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d
ed
q
u
e
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tio
n
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h
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o
p
in
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n
s
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T
h
e
p
ar
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an
ts
‟
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
b
elo
w
:
P
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ce
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s
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:
T
h
e
p
a
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ticip
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e
ir
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
T
h
is
to
o
l
allo
w
s
t
h
e
m
to
k
n
o
w
th
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
alu
atio
n
ac
ti
v
itie
s
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
it h
elp
s
t
h
e
m
to
co
n
d
u
ct
e
n
o
u
g
h
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
ac
ti
v
iti
es th
u
s
lead
i
n
g
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
u
s
a
b
le
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e.
P
er
ce
iv
ed
ea
s
e
o
f
u
s
e:
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
,
th
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
to
o
l
w
a
s
p
er
ce
iv
ed
as
ea
s
y
to
b
e
u
s
ed
b
ec
au
s
e
it
h
as
a
s
er
ies
o
f
well
-
d
ef
in
ed
ac
ti
v
itie
s
,
ar
tif
ac
ts
,
s
elec
tio
n
m
et
h
o
d
s
attr
ib
u
tes,
an
d
d
ep
en
d
en
cies
an
d
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
.
T
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
f
o
u
n
d
o
u
t
th
at
th
e
to
o
l
is
in
ter
n
all
y
co
n
s
is
ten
t,
m
ain
l
y
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
co
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
ea
ch
o
th
er
.
I
n
p
ar
ticu
lar
,
it
s
tar
ts
w
ith
ad
d
in
g
th
e
ac
tiv
itie
s
,
t
h
e
n
ad
d
in
g
th
e
m
e
t
h
o
d
s
i
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
lan
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
t
h
en
co
n
t
in
u
ed
p
r
o
p
er
ly
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
lan
is
p
r
ep
ar
ed
b
y
a
g
r
o
u
p
(
i
n
clu
d
i
n
g
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
u
s
ab
ilit
y
asp
ec
t
s
)
f
o
r
o
b
tain
i
n
g
t
h
e
co
n
s
en
s
u
s
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
tea
m
m
e
m
b
er
s
o
n
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
an
d
t
y
p
e
ac
tiv
itie
s
an
d
m
e
th
o
d
s
o
f
u
s
a
b
ilit
y
.
B
alan
ce
th
e
co
m
p
eti
n
g
ac
tiv
i
t
ies:
T
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
ag
r
ee
d
th
at
th
e
to
o
l
is
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
f
o
r
en
ab
lin
g
b
alan
ce
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
d
ec
is
i
o
n
s
th
at
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
ate
th
e
o
f
ten
ti
m
es
co
n
f
lict
in
g
n
ee
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
an
d
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
e
n
g
i
n
ee
r
s
.
T
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
ad
d
ed
th
a
t
co
n
f
lict
s
c
an
b
e
r
eso
l
v
ed
b
y
r
ea
c
h
in
g
t
h
e
co
n
s
en
s
u
s
w
h
e
n
d
ec
id
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
cr
iter
ia
a
n
d
b
ases
i
n
a
tea
m
.
D
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
p
l
an
n
i
n
g
,
t
h
e
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
en
t
tea
m
w
i
ll
h
av
e
to
m
ak
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
ab
o
u
t
c
h
an
g
e
s
to
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
t
h
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
en
g
i
n
ee
r
s
b
ased
o
n
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
r
esu
lt
s
.
A
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
e
n
g
i
n
ee
r
w
il
l
s
u
m
m
ar
ize
r
es
u
lts
f
r
o
m
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
s
a
n
d
p
r
es
en
t
c
h
an
g
e
s
to
t
h
e
d
esig
n
,
w
ith
ea
c
h
ch
a
n
g
e
b
ein
g
ass
ig
n
ed
a
r
elativ
e
p
r
io
r
it
y
l
ev
el.
E
f
f
ec
tiv
e
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
a
n
d
co
n
t
r
o
l:
T
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
w
er
e
s
a
tis
f
ied
w
it
h
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
m
o
n
ito
r
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
u
s
ab
ili
t
y
e
v
al
u
atio
n
ac
ti
v
itie
s
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
h
i
g
h
lig
h
ted
t
h
at
th
e
to
o
l
h
e
lp
s
to
s
teer
a
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
ti
g
h
tl
y
co
u
p
led
w
it
h
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
t
h
u
s
r
e
ce
iv
i
n
g
o
n
-
g
o
in
g
u
s
er
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
w
h
ile
co
n
ti
n
u
in
g
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
T
h
u
s
,
it
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
an
a
g
ile
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
b
ec
au
s
e
it
allo
w
s
th
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
an
d
ac
ti
v
e
tea
m
,
w
h
ich
i
s
th
e
co
r
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
ag
ile.
Ot
h
er
t
h
an
t
h
at,
t
h
e
y
a
d
d
ed
th
at
it
also
e
n
ab
les
t
h
e
d
er
iv
atio
n
o
f
r
ele
v
a
n
t
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
tas
k
s
f
o
r
th
e
f
o
r
th
co
m
in
g
iter
atio
n
s
f
o
r
f
u
r
t
h
er
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
ts
i
n
th
e
d
e
v
el
o
p
in
g
p
r
o
d
u
ct.
A
b
ilit
y
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
u
s
ab
le
r
esu
lts
:
P
ar
ticip
an
ts
p
o
in
ted
o
u
t
th
at
b
y
h
a
v
i
n
g
th
e
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
to
o
l,
th
e
tea
m
co
u
ld
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
a
n
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
t
h
e
b
est
u
s
ab
ilit
y
p
r
ac
ti
ce
s
in
t
h
e
a
g
ile
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
to
o
l
is
ab
le
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
u
s
ab
le
r
esu
lt
s
.
Fro
m
th
e
lis
t
o
f
ac
tiv
it
ies
an
d
th
eir
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
as
w
ell
as
attr
ib
u
tes
f
o
r
s
elec
tio
n
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
w
er
e
ab
le
to
id
en
ti
f
y
w
h
i
ch
ac
ti
v
ities
o
r
m
e
th
o
d
s
w
o
u
l
d
b
e
b
etter
s
u
ited
in
th
e
r
ig
h
t p
lace
an
d
r
ig
h
t ti
m
e.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
d
escr
ip
tiv
e
s
tati
s
tics
w
er
e
tak
e
n
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
t
h
e
lev
el
o
f
ea
ch
ite
m
.
A
5
-
p
o
in
t
L
i
k
er
t
s
ca
le
w
a
s
u
s
ed
,
w
it
h
5
f
o
r
“
V
er
y
ag
r
ee
”
an
d
1
f
o
r
“
Ver
y
d
is
ag
r
ee
”.
A
n
y
an
s
w
er
w
it
h
an
a
v
er
ag
e
o
f
ab
o
v
e
3
.
0
w
a
s
co
n
s
id
er
ed
to
b
e
g
o
o
d
as
t
h
is
in
d
icate
d
t
h
e
lev
el
o
f
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
e
n
ts
‟
a
g
r
ee
m
en
t
t
o
th
o
s
e
s
tate
m
en
ts
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
t
h
e
test
ed
ite
m
s
.
R
es
u
lts
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
esc
r
ip
tiv
e
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
3
.
T
ab
le
3
.
Descr
ip
tiv
e
Statis
tic
s
:
Me
an
Sco
r
e
o
f
Satis
f
ac
tio
n
C
r
iter
ia
S
a
t
i
sf
a
c
t
i
o
n
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
M
e
a
n
P
e
r
c
e
i
v
e
d
u
se
f
u
l
n
e
ss
3
.
7
2
P
e
r
c
e
i
v
e
d
e
a
se
o
f
u
se
3
.
4
2
B
a
l
a
n
c
e
t
h
e
c
o
mp
e
t
i
n
g
a
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s
3
.
6
3
Ef
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
o
f
mo
n
i
t
o
r
a
n
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
3
.
8
9
A
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
p
r
o
d
u
c
e
u
s
a
b
l
e
r
e
su
l
t
s
3
.
4
4
Fro
m
th
e
d
escr
ip
ti
v
e
s
tati
s
tic
s
f
o
r
th
e
ite
m
in
t
h
e
T
ab
le
3
,
t
h
e
ite
m
w
it
h
th
e
h
i
g
h
e
s
t
m
ea
n
(
3
.
8
9
)
is
“A
b
ilit
y
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
u
s
ab
le
r
esu
lt
s
”,
an
d
th
e
ite
m
w
it
h
t
h
e
lo
w
est
m
ea
n
(
3
.
4
2
)
is
“
P
er
ce
iv
ed
u
s
e
f
u
l
n
ess
”.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
all
o
f
t
h
ese
ite
m
s
h
av
e
a
m
ea
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ased
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ted
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e
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ts
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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9.
CO
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T
h
is
p
ap
er
d
escr
ib
es
a
s
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f
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w
ar
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m
a
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m
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p
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ev
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ed
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s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
in
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
u
s
ab
ilit
y
e
v
alu
a
tio
n
ac
ti
v
ities
w
it
h
in
th
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ev
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m
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t
p
r
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s
s
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h
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l
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er
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s
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f
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ib
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s
m
a
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e
m
e
n
t,
allo
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n
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o
n
g
o
i
n
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u
s
er
a
n
d
u
s
ab
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y
e
x
p
er
t
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
d
u
r
in
g
d
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m
en
t.
Ver
i
f
icatio
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ar
e
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in
th
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icatio
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th
e
v
al
id
atio
n
o
n
s
ati
s
f
ac
tio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
e
v
al
u
atio
n
s
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
to
o
l
s
atis
f
ied
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
tea
m
s
w
as
p
r
ac
tical
f
o
r
u
s
e
i
n
t
h
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
.
Fu
t
u
r
e
wo
r
k
s
h
o
u
ld
n
o
te
th
at
alth
o
u
g
h
th
e
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
to
o
l
tar
g
ets
to
w
ar
d
ag
ile
b
ased
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
th
e
y
ar
e
also
ap
p
licab
le
f
o
r
o
th
er
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
th
at
co
m
e
u
n
d
er
t
h
e
u
m
b
r
ella
o
f
iter
ati
v
e
a
n
d
i
n
cr
e
m
en
tal
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
ap
p
ly
in
g
th
i
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
o
t
h
er
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
s
w
i
l
l
b
e
an
in
ter
e
s
tin
g
r
esear
ch
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
it
y
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
S
a
lm
a
n
F
A
.
,
De
ra
m
a
n
A
.
,
Ja
li
l
M
A
.
,
F
a
h
m
y
S
.
,
“
On
Im
p
le
m
e
n
ti
n
g
Us
a
b
il
it
y
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
A
c
ti
v
it
ies
w
it
h
in
A
g
il
e
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t:
A
P
la
n
Ba
se
d
-
P
r
o
c
e
ss
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
E
lec
tro
n
ic
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
t
e
r
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
J
T
EC)
,
v
o
l.
9
(3
-
3
),
p
p
.
9
5
-
9
,
Oc
t
2
0
1
7
.
[2
]
Bo
rn
o
e
N
.
,
S
tag
e
J.
,
“
Us
a
b
il
it
y
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
t
h
e
W
il
d
:
Ho
w
Do
P
ra
c
ti
ti
o
n
e
rs
In
teg
ra
te
Us
a
b
il
it
y
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
i
n
S
o
f
tw
a
r
e
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t?
,”
In
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Hu
m
a
n
-
Ce
n
tre
d
S
o
ft
w
a
re
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
p
p
.
1
9
9
-
2
1
6
.
S
p
rin
g
e
r,
Be
rli
n
,
He
id
e
l
b
e
rg
,
S
e
p
2
0
1
4
.
[3
]
d
a
S
il
v
a
T
S
,
S
il
v
e
ira
M
S
,
M
a
u
re
r
F
.
,
“
Us
a
b
il
it
y
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
P
r
a
c
ti
c
e
s
W
it
h
in
Ag
il
e
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
,
”
In
S
y
ste
m
S
c
ien
c
e
s (
HICS
S
),
2
0
1
5
4
8
th
Ha
wa
ii
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
IEE
E
,
p
p
.
5
1
3
3
-
5
1
4
2
,
Ja
n
2
0
1
5
.
[4
]
L
a
ru
sd
o
tt
ir
M
.
,
Bjarn
a
d
o
tt
ir
E
.
,
G
u
ll
ik
se
n
J.
,
“
T
h
e
F
o
c
u
s
On
Us
a
b
il
it
y
In
T
e
stin
g
P
ra
c
ti
c
e
s
In
In
d
u
stry
,
”
Hu
ma
n
-
Co
mp
u
ter
I
n
ter
a
c
ti
o
n
,
p
p
.
98
-
1
0
9
,
2
0
1
0
.
[5
]
Be
v
a
n
N.
,
“
Ex
ten
d
in
g
Qu
a
li
ty
In
Us
e
T
o
P
r
o
v
id
e
A
F
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
F
o
r
Us
a
b
il
i
ty
M
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
,
”
Hu
ma
n
Ce
n
ter
e
d
De
sig
n
,
p
p
.
13
-
22
,
2
0
0
9
.
[6
]
M
c
In
e
rn
e
y
P
.
,
M
a
u
re
r
F
.
,
“
UCD
in
A
g
il
e
P
ro
jec
ts:
Dre
a
m
T
e
a
m
Or
Od
d
Co
u
p
le
?
,”
I
n
ter
a
c
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
(6
)
,
p
p
.
19
-
23
,
N
o
v
2
0
0
5
.
[7
]
Ba
k
JO
.
,
Ng
u
y
e
n
K
.
,
Risg
a
a
rd
P
.
,
S
tag
e
J.
,
“
O
b
sta
c
les
to
Us
a
b
il
i
ty
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
in
P
ra
c
ti
c
e
:
a
S
u
rv
e
y
o
f
S
o
f
t
w
a
re
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
Org
a
n
iza
ti
o
n
s
,
”
In
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
5
th
N
o
rd
ic
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Hu
ma
n
-
Co
m
p
u
t
e
r
In
ter
a
c
ti
o
n
:
Bu
il
d
in
g
Bri
d
g
e
s
,
ACM
,
p
p
.
2
3
-
32
,
Oc
t
2
0
0
8
.
[8
]
Bo
rn
o
e
N
.
,
S
tag
e
J.
,
“
Us
a
b
il
it
y
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
t
h
e
W
il
d
:
Ho
w
Do
P
ra
c
ti
ti
o
n
e
rs
In
teg
ra
te
Us
a
b
il
it
y
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
i
n
S
o
f
tw
a
r
e
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t?
,
”
In
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Hu
m
a
n
-
Ce
n
tre
d
S
o
ft
w
a
re
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
p
p
.
1
9
9
-
2
1
6
,
S
p
rin
g
e
r,
Be
rli
n
,
He
id
e
l
b
e
rg
,
S
e
p
2
0
1
4
.
[9
]
A
rd
it
o
C
.
,
B
u
o
n
o
P
.
,
Ca
iv
a
n
o
D
.
,
Co
sta
b
il
e
M
F
.
,
L
a
n
z
il
o
t
ti
R.
,
“
In
v
e
stig
a
ti
n
g
A
n
d
P
ro
m
o
ti
n
g
UX
P
ra
c
ti
c
e
I
n
In
d
u
stry
:
A
n
Ex
p
e
rime
n
tal
S
tu
d
y
,
”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Hu
m
a
n
-
Co
mp
u
ter
S
t
u
d
ies
,
v
o
l.
7
2
(6
)
,
p
p
.
5
4
2
-
51
,
Ju
n
2
0
1
4
.
[1
0
]
S
a
lm
a
n
FA
.
,
D
e
ra
m
a
n
AB
.
,
J
a
l
il
MB
.
,
“
T
h
e
V
a
lu
e
Of
T
-
G
IU
ES
E
-
S
u
p
p
o
rti
n
g
Us
a
b
il
it
y
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
P
ra
c
ti
c
e
s
Du
rin
g
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
P
ro
d
u
c
t:
A
Co
n
tro
ll
e
d
Ex
p
e
rim
e
n
t
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
T
h
e
o
re
ti
c
a
l
&
Ap
p
li
e
d
In
f
o
rm
a
t
i
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l.
9
5
(
8
)
,
A
p
r
2
0
1
7
.
[1
1
]
L
e
e
JC
.
,
Ju
d
g
e
T
K
.
,
M
c
Crick
a
rd
DS.
,
“
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
n
g
Ex
trem
e
S
c
e
n
a
r
io
-
Ba
se
d
De
sig
n
In
A
Distrib
u
ted
Ag
il
e
Tea
m
,”
In
CHI
'
1
1
Exte
n
d
e
d
A
b
stra
c
ts
o
n
Hu
ma
n
Fa
c
to
rs
i
n
C
o
mp
u
ti
n
g
S
y
ste
ms
,
ACM
,
p
p
.
8
6
3
-
8
7
7
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
1
.
[1
2
]
Hu
m
a
y
o
u
n
S
R.
,
“
In
c
o
r
p
o
ra
ti
n
g
Us
a
b
il
it
y
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
In
S
o
f
tw
a
r
e
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
ts
,
”
KI
-
Kü
n
stli
c
h
e
In
telli
g
e
n
z
,
v
o
l.
2
6
(2
)
,
p
p
.
1
9
7
-
200
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
2
.
[1
3
]
S
a
lm
a
n
F
A
.
,
De
ra
m
a
n
A
B
.
,
Ja
li
l
M
B.
,
“
A
G
u
id
e
li
n
e
T
o
o
l
f
o
r
On
g
o
in
g
P
r
o
d
u
c
t
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
in
S
m
a
ll
a
n
d
M
e
d
i
u
m
-
S
ize
d
En
ter
p
rise
s
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
o
l.
7
(
6
)
,
p
p
.
3
6
3
2
-
42
,
De
c
2017
.
[1
4
]
Ka
n
e
D.
,
“
F
in
d
i
n
g
A
P
lac
e
F
o
r
Disc
o
u
n
t
Us
a
b
il
it
y
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
In
A
g
il
e
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t:
T
h
ro
w
in
g
Do
w
n
T
h
e
G
a
u
n
tl
e
t
,
”
In
Ag
il
e
De
v
e
lo
p
me
n
t
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
ADC
2
0
0
3
.
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
2
0
0
3
J
u
n
2
5
.
IEE
E
,
(p
p
.
4
0
-
4
6
)
,
2
0
0
3
.
[1
5
]
Ho
lzin
g
e
r
A
.
,
“
Us
a
b
il
it
y
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
M
e
th
o
d
s
F
o
r
S
o
f
tw
a
re
De
v
e
l
o
p
e
rs
,
”
Co
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
ACM
,
v
o
l.
4
8
(1
)
,
p
p
.
71
-
4
,
Ja
n
2
0
0
5
.
[1
6
]
M
e
sz
a
ro
s
G
.
,
A
sto
n
J.
,
“
A
d
d
in
g
Us
a
b
il
it
y
T
e
stin
g
T
o
A
n
Ag
i
le
P
ro
jec
t
,
”
In
Ag
il
e
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
2
0
0
6
,
IEE
E
,
p
p
.
6
-
pp
,
Ju
l
2
0
0
6
.
[1
7
]
P
a
e
lk
e
V
.
,
Ne
b
e
K.
,
“
I
n
teg
ra
ti
n
g
Ag
il
e
M
e
th
o
d
s
F
o
r
M
ix
e
d
Re
a
li
t
y
D
e
sig
n
S
p
a
c
e
Ex
p
lo
ra
ti
o
n
,
”
In
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
7
t
h
ACM
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
De
sig
n
i
n
g
in
ter
a
c
ti
v
e
sy
ste
ms
,
ACM
,
p
p
.
2
4
0
-
249
,
F
e
b
2
0
0
8
.
[1
8
]
W
o
lk
e
rsto
rfe
r
P
.
,
T
sc
h
e
li
g
i
M
.
,
S
e
fe
li
n
R
.
,
M
il
c
h
ra
h
m
H
.
,
Hu
ss
a
in
Z
.
,
L
e
c
h
n
e
r
M
.
,
S
h
a
h
z
a
d
S
.
,
“
P
r
o
b
i
n
g
A
n
Ag
il
e
Us
a
b
il
it
y
P
ro
c
e
ss
,
”
In
CHI'0
8
Exte
n
d
e
d
A
b
stra
c
ts
o
n
Hu
ma
n
F
a
c
to
rs
in
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
S
y
ste
ms
,
A
CM
,
p
p
.
2
1
5
1
-
2
1
5
8
,
A
p
r
2
0
0
8
.
[1
9
]
Ob
e
n
d
o
rf
H
.
,
F
in
c
k
M
.
,
“
S
c
e
n
a
r
io
-
Ba
se
d
Us
a
b
il
it
y
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
T
e
c
h
n
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5
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9
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.
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1
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D.
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.
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2
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re
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ia
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ter
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p
.
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.
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3
]
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.
,
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a
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ik
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K
.
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M
a
ll
R.
,
“
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Co
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ro
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p
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g
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v
iro
n
m
e
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,”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
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o
f
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c
trica
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u
ter
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rin
g
,
v
o
l.
6
(2
)
,
p
p
.
7
5
9
,
A
p
r
2
0
1
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.