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C
ac
ce
s
s
in
g
d
ata
f
r
o
m
r
eliab
le
esti
m
atio
n
s
s
o
u
r
ce
d
f
r
o
m
v
ar
io
u
s
s
u
b
s
ta
tio
n
s
.
I
t
is
f
r
o
m
r
e
m
o
te
ter
m
i
n
al
u
n
its
o
f
s
u
b
s
tatio
n
s
t
h
at
t
h
ese
e
s
ti
m
atio
n
s
ar
e
s
o
u
r
ce
d
.
T
h
e
e
s
ti
m
atio
n
s
in
cl
u
d
e:
f
o
r
ce
in
f
u
s
io
n
s
,
d
y
n
a
m
ic/r
ec
ep
tiv
e
f
o
r
ce
s
tr
ea
m
s
,
tr
an
s
p
o
r
t
v
o
ltag
es
a
n
d
b
r
an
c
h
eb
b
s
an
d
f
lo
w
ex
te
n
t;
elec
tr
ical
s
w
itch
s
tate
(
tu
r
n
o
n
/o
f
f
)
an
d
tap
ch
an
g
er
p
o
s
itio
n
s
o
f
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
.
I
t
is
d
if
f
ic
u
lt
to
ascer
tain
th
e
u
n
w
av
er
i
n
g
q
u
al
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
f
r
am
e
w
o
r
k
u
s
in
g
o
r
d
in
ar
y
(
SC
ADA
)
esti
m
atio
n
s
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
l
o
w
e
s
ti
m
ati
n
g
r
ate
s
an
d
th
e
u
s
u
all
y
lo
w
p
r
ec
is
io
n
o
f
esti
m
atio
n
s
[
3
]
.
Fo
r
th
e
d
eter
m
in
a
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
o
in
ts
w
h
er
e
q
u
ali
f
icatio
n
co
n
t
r
iv
an
ce
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
in
s
talled
to
m
ax
i
m
ize
th
e
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
ar
ea
,
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
u
m
m
o
n
ito
r
allo
ca
tio
n
i
s
u
t
iliz
ed
[
4
]
.
Ob
s
er
v
ab
ilit
y
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
,
w
h
ic
h
d
eter
m
i
n
es
th
e
ten
ac
it
y
o
f
b
u
s
n
u
m
b
er
s
an
d
th
e
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
m
o
n
ito
r
s
,
ca
n
b
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
w
it
h
d
o
cu
m
e
n
ted
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
b
ased
o
n
to
p
o
lo
g
ical
o
r
n
u
m
er
ical
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
T
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
h
as
th
e
ad
v
a
n
tag
e
o
f
s
o
lv
i
n
g
t
h
e
o
b
s
er
v
ab
ilit
y
q
u
an
d
ar
y
w
it
h
lo
w
d
ata
in
p
u
t
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t.
T
h
e
s
u
r
v
iv
al
m
atr
ix
i
s
t
h
e
o
n
l
y
in
p
u
t
d
ata
it
n
ee
d
s
.
T
h
e
m
atr
i
x
p
r
o
v
id
es
all
th
e
d
ata
it
r
eq
u
ir
es
to
s
o
l
v
e
th
e
q
u
an
d
ar
y
.
T
h
e
o
b
s
er
v
ab
ilit
y
co
n
s
tr
ai
n
t,
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
Kir
ch
h
o
f
f
’
s
la
w
s
,
en
s
u
r
es
th
at
all
th
e
s
tate
v
ar
iab
les
ar
e
q
u
a
n
ti
f
ied
b
y
at
least
o
n
e
m
o
n
ito
r
.
A
P
MU
p
lace
d
at
a
g
iv
e
n
b
u
s
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
p
h
aso
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
o
f
s
e
v
er
al,
o
r
all
,
lin
es
i
n
cid
en
t
to
t
h
at
b
u
s
a
n
d
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
p
h
aso
r
[
5
-
8
]
.
An
o
th
er
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
o
f
s
m
ar
t
g
r
id
s
,
t
h
e
W
id
e
T
er
r
ito
r
y
E
s
ti
m
atio
n
C
o
n
tr
o
l
(
W
A
MC),
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
g
iv
in
g
ti
m
e
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
ized
b
y
P
h
aso
r
Me
asu
r
e
m
en
t
Un
it
s
(
P
MU
)
clo
s
e
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
est
i
m
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
f
o
r
ce
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
e
W
A
MC
f
r
a
m
e
wo
r
k
m
u
s
t
b
e
test
ed
s
o
a
s
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
s
u
f
f
icie
n
t
e
x
ec
u
t
io
n
a
n
d
d
ep
en
d
ab
ilit
y
a
f
ter
it
h
as
b
ee
n
s
et
u
p
.
T
h
e
W
A
MC
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
r
eq
u
ir
es
esti
m
at
io
n
,
co
n
tr
o
l
ac
tiv
itie
s
,
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
h
a
n
d
lin
g
an
d
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ce
.
T
h
e
f
r
a
m
e
wo
r
k
m
i
g
h
t
p
r
o
d
u
ce
u
n
d
e
s
i
r
ab
le
r
esu
l
ts
i
f
an
y
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
m
a
lf
u
n
ctio
n
o
r
s
u
f
f
er
s
a
n
i
n
ter
r
u
p
tio
n
.
T
o
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
W
AC
M
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
r
eq
u
ir
es
a
n
e
x
a
m
in
a
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
f
o
r
ce
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
ex
ec
u
t
io
n
,
s
tead
in
e
s
s
a
n
d
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
o
f
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
a
n
d
co
r
r
es
p
o
n
d
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
a
n
d
th
e
p
h
y
s
ical
s
ec
u
r
i
t
y
o
f
th
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
[
9
]
.
T
o
s
tab
ilize
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
en
h
a
n
ce
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
tr
an
s
ien
t,
t
h
e
T
C
SC
,
a
t
y
p
e
o
f
F
AC
T
S
d
ev
ice
u
s
ed
w
it
h
a
T
L
,
d
a
m
p
s
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
o
s
cil
latio
n
a
n
d
r
eso
n
an
ce
a
n
d
r
ed
u
ce
s
a
s
y
m
m
etr
ical
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
a)
s
h
o
w
s
a
co
m
p
e
n
s
ato
r
T
C
SC
,
a
t
y
p
e
o
f
s
er
ie
s
F
AC
T
S
co
m
p
e
n
s
ato
r
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
en
s
ato
r
is
co
m
p
r
is
ed
o
f
a
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
p
ar
allel
w
i
th
an
i
n
d
u
cta
n
ce
w
h
ic
h
is
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
a
d
ev
ice
p
la
ce
d
in
an
ti
-
p
ar
alle
l
w
it
h
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
a
l
th
y
r
is
to
r
s
,
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
a
n
an
g
le
o
f
ex
ti
n
ctio
n
(
α
)
r
an
g
in
g
f
r
o
m
9
0
°
to
1
8
0
°.
T
h
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
ato
r
T
C
S
C
i
n
j
ec
ted
a
v
ar
iab
le
ca
p
ac
iti
v
e
r
ea
cta
n
c
e
(
X
TC
S
C
)
i
n
t
h
e
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
lin
e
as
d
ep
icted
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
.
A
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
,
X
T
C
S
C
is
d
ir
ec
tl
y
r
elat
ed
to
th
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
th
y
r
is
to
r
s
’
a
n
g
le
(
α
)
,
v
ar
ied
b
et
w
ee
n
9
0
°
-
1
8
0
° [
10]
,
[
1
1
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
2
,
A
p
r
il 2
0
1
8
:
8
8
8
–
8
9
9
890
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
C
SC
m
o
d
el
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
T
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
l
in
e
(
a)
m
o
u
n
ti
n
g
an
d
(
b
)
ap
p
ar
en
t
r
ea
ct
an
ce
[
1
0
]
P
h
aso
r
Me
asu
r
e
m
e
n
t
U
n
its
(
P
MU
s
)
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
is
u
s
ed
to
d
etec
t
s
y
s
te
m
e
s
ti
m
atio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
,
iter
atio
n
o
f
n
u
m
b
er
s
an
d
to
r
ed
u
ce
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ti
m
e.
T
h
e
m
e
asu
r
e
m
en
t
o
f
p
h
aso
r
v
a
lu
e
s
o
f
v
o
ltag
e
s
ig
n
al
s
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
esti
m
ate
s
is
d
o
n
e
w
i
t
h
a
P
MU
an
al
y
ze
r
’
s
MA
T
L
A
B
/P
S
A
T
p
ac
k
ag
e
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
tate
esti
m
atio
n
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
a
cr
iti
ca
l
to
o
l
f
o
r
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
o
p
er
ato
r
in
th
e
ac
t
u
al
co
n
te
x
t
o
f
p
o
w
er
m
ar
k
e
ts
an
d
t
h
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
co
n
ce
r
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
s
tate
esti
m
atio
n
i
n
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
o
p
er
atio
n
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2
[
1
3
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Gen
er
al
d
iag
r
a
m
f
o
r
s
tate
esti
m
atio
n
in
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
o
p
er
atio
n
[
1
3
]
A
g
i
v
en
n
u
m
er
ical
m
o
d
el
o
f
p
o
w
er
lin
e
s
,
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
a
n
d
o
th
er
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
g
ad
g
et
s
c
o
m
b
i
n
e
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
h
an
d
li
n
g
s
tate
esti
m
atio
n
.
T
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
F
A
C
T
S
i
n
n
o
v
atio
n
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
co
n
tr
o
llab
ilit
y
a
n
d
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
p
o
w
er
e
x
ch
a
n
g
e
li
m
it
s
b
y
p
r
esen
tin
g
p
o
w
er
e
lectr
o
n
ic
g
ad
g
et
s
at
th
e
co
r
r
ec
t sp
o
t
s
o
f
th
e
A
C
c
u
r
r
en
t
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
i
s
,
h
o
w
e
v
er
,
n
o
t s
u
b
s
ta
n
tial
w
it
h
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
SE
s
tr
ate
g
y
.
T
h
er
e
is
a
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
ca
lcu
lati
n
g
th
e
s
tate
es
ti
m
a
tio
n
o
f
s
y
s
te
m
s
t
h
at
ar
e
i
m
p
lan
te
d
w
ith
F
AC
T
S
g
ad
g
et
s
.
Kee
p
in
g
i
n
m
i
n
d
th
e
en
d
g
o
al,
th
e
s
tate
est
i
m
at
io
n
p
la
n
is
ad
j
u
s
ted
to
co
n
s
o
lid
ate
t
h
e
p
o
in
t
-
by
-
p
o
in
t
m
o
d
el
o
f
t
h
e
U
n
i
f
ied
P
o
w
er
Flo
w
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
(
UP
FC
)
.
T
h
is
n
ee
d
s
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
f
air
n
e
s
s
an
d
d
is
p
ar
it
y
i
m
p
er
ati
v
es
t
h
at
r
ec
o
r
d
s
th
e
p
o
in
ts
o
f
co
n
f
i
n
e
m
en
t
li
n
k
ed
to
th
e
g
ad
g
et
’
s
o
p
er
atio
n
s
ap
p
r
aisa
ls
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ca
lcu
latio
n
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
s
tate
esti
m
atio
n
.
I
t
ca
n
also
b
e
u
s
ed
to
d
ec
id
e
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
ett
in
g
s
o
f
F
AC
T
S
g
ad
g
ets
f
o
r
a
d
esira
b
le
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
c
o
n
d
itio
n
as i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
T
h
y
r
is
to
r
S
w
itc
h
ed
Ser
ie
s
C
ap
ac
ito
r
s
(
T
C
SC
)
ar
e
ch
o
s
en
,
in
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
,
as
th
e
F
A
C
T
’
s
d
ev
ices
to
,
w
it
h
P
MU
s
,
b
u
ild
n
e
w
te
ch
n
iq
u
es
o
r
s
ch
e
m
e
s
.
P
MU
s
m
ea
s
u
r
e
v
o
ltag
e,
cu
r
r
en
t
an
d
th
eir
a
n
g
les.
T
h
e
y
p
r
o
v
id
e,
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
co
m
m
u
n
ic
atio
n
li
n
k
,
t
h
e
p
h
ase
an
g
le
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
s
i
n
a
p
h
ase
d
ata
C
o
n
ce
n
tr
ato
r
P
DC
to
m
ak
e
d
ec
i
s
io
n
s
an
d
co
r
r
ec
t th
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
ta
te
u
s
in
g
F
A
C
T
S d
ev
ices (
T
C
SC
)
.
A
ll t
h
e
r
esu
lt
s
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
u
s
i
n
g
M
A
T
A
/P
S
A
T
p
ac
k
ag
e
s
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
is
s
u
g
g
est
s
a
v
al
id
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
i
q
u
e
an
d
alg
o
r
it
h
m
.
2.
P
H
ASE
M
E
ASURE
M
E
NT
UNIT
S M
O
DE
L
P
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
w
it
h
P
h
ase
Me
as
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
U
n
its
(
P
MU
s
)
ar
e
s
ti
m
u
la
ted
b
y
Ma
t
lab
/P
SA
T
p
ac
k
ag
es.
T
h
e
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
an
d
p
h
ase
an
g
le
o
f
cu
r
r
en
ts
an
d
v
o
ltag
es
m
u
s
t
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
(
1
)
-
(
1
2
)
,
to
m
a
th
e
m
atica
ll
y
m
o
d
el
P
MU
[
1
6
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
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C
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m
p
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ices fo
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l p
ar
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q
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y
(
f
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(
Hz)
=
5
0
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,
t
s
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wt
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n
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v
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(
t
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t
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t
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B
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3
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Fo
r
i
m
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y
p
ar
t
u
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t
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d
t
y
(
t
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=
an
d
(
t
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c
o
s
v
(
t
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u
(
t
)
=
100
(
4
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y
(
A
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k
(
t
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=
y
(
t
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-
t
c
o
s
wt
s
i
n
w
t
c
o
s
t
v
B
100
(
5
)
A
c
o
s
A
w
s
i
n
w
A
v
B
(
A
)
d
t
s
i
n
v
(
A
)
y
(
A
)
=
100
100
100
(6
)
2
2
(
Re
+
(
y
(
t
)
)
g
(
t
)
)
|=
|
(
7
)
g
(
t
)
y
(
t
)
t
a
n
1
-
=
(
8
)
W
h
er
e
|
R
e
|
an
d
: is th
e
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
v
al
u
e
an
d
p
h
ase
a
n
g
le
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
l
y
.
3.
F
ACT’S
D
E
VIC
E
S
T
H
YRI
ST
O
R
CO
N
T
RO
L
L
E
D
SE
R
I
E
S C
AP
ACI
T
O
R
(
T
C
SC)
F
A
C
T
’
s
d
ev
ices
ca
n
b
e
u
tili
z
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
an
d
,
tak
i
n
g
ca
r
e
o
f
i
ts
ab
ilit
y
to
ac
ce
s
s
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
s
clo
s
er
to
its
w
ar
m
e
v
alu
a
tio
n
,
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
p
o
w
er
b
y
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
i
n
te
r
r
elate
d
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
v
er
s
ee
in
g
its
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
co
n
s
i
s
t
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t,
s
tag
e
p
o
in
t,
v
o
ltag
e,
d
a
m
p
in
g
o
f
u
n
d
er
-
r
ec
u
r
r
en
ce
m
o
t
io
n
s
a
n
d
,
s
h
u
n
t
a
n
d
ar
r
an
g
e
m
en
t
o
f
i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
s
.
Fas
t
th
y
r
is
to
r
s
a
r
e
u
s
ed
as
F
A
C
T
S
ga
d
g
et
s
to
s
w
itc
h
o
u
t
a
n
d
s
w
it
ch
in
tr
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
lin
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
ato
r
s
,
li
k
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
an
d
r
ea
cto
r
s
,
an
d
to
s
tag
e
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
f
o
r
o
p
er
atio
n
s
[
1
7
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
d
ep
icts
h
o
w
t
h
is
is
co
m
m
u
n
ic
ated
b
y
ta
k
i
n
g
af
ter
co
n
d
itio
n
.
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
α
L
c
α
L
c
α
L
c
α
T
C
S
C
(
9
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
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8708
I
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&
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p
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2
α
s
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-
2
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π
π
.
x
x
m
a
x
L
α
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1
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W
h
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e
L
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w
x
m
a
x
L
(
1
1
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j
w
c
1
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C
(
1
2
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X
L
,
X
C
:
I
s
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
r
ea
ctan
ce
an
d
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
r
ea
cta
n
ce
.
X
TCSC
: FA
C
T
s
r
ea
ctan
ce
a
n
d
L
is
I
n
d
u
cta
n
ce
.
α
: C
o
n
tr
o
lled
th
y
r
is
to
r
s
a
n
g
le
(
α
)
r
an
g
i
n
g
b
et
w
ee
n
9
0
° an
d
1
8
0
°.
4.
G
RAP
H
T
H
E
O
RE
T
I
C
P
RO
CE
DUR
E
A
L
G
O
R
I
T
H
M
A
f
lo
w
c
h
ar
t
o
f
t
h
e
Gr
ap
h
T
h
eo
r
etic
P
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
i
s
d
ep
icted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
.
T
ak
in
g
in
t
o
ac
co
u
n
t
p
u
r
e
tr
a
n
s
it
n
o
d
es,
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
P
MU
i
s
p
lace
d
o
n
t
h
e
b
u
s
w
it
h
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
e
s
t
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
n
n
ec
ted
b
r
an
ch
es.
O
n
e
cu
r
r
en
t
p
s
e
u
d
o
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
is
a
s
s
i
g
n
ed
to
ea
ch
b
r
an
ch
w
h
er
e
it
ca
n
b
e
in
d
ir
ec
tl
y
ca
lcu
lated
b
y
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
th
e
Kir
c
h
h
o
f
f
cu
r
r
en
t
la
w
.
T
h
is
r
u
le
is
ap
p
licab
le
w
h
e
n
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
b
alan
ce
at
o
n
e
n
o
d
e
is
k
n
o
w
n
an
d
i
f
th
e
n
o
d
e
h
as
n
o
p
o
w
er
in
j
ec
tio
n
s
[
1
8
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Flo
w
c
h
ar
t o
f
t
h
e
Gr
ap
h
T
h
eo
r
etic
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
[
1
8
]
5.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
D
O
R
CO
NT
RO
L
SCH
E
M
E
T
h
e
v
alu
es
o
f
V,
I
,
an
d
p
h
ase
an
g
le
s
ta
k
en
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
e
n
d
i
n
g
an
d
r
ec
eiv
i
n
g
e
n
d
s
o
f
th
e
T
L
o
f
P
MU
s
ar
e
s
en
t
to
a
P
DC
v
ia
a
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
lin
k
.
T
h
er
ea
f
ter
,
th
e
v
alu
e
s
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
ith
th
e
ir
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
atellite
ti
m
e.
T
h
e
ai
m
is
to
tr
y
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
p
o
w
er
f
lo
w
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
s
o
m
e
p
r
e
-
d
ef
i
n
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
in
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
r
o
o
m
,
v
al
u
es
o
b
tai
n
ed
f
r
o
m
P
MU
s
t
h
at
ar
e
t
h
er
ea
f
ter
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
i
th
th
o
s
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
e
p
o
w
er
th
at
f
l
o
w
s
is
ch
a
n
g
ed
i
f
t
h
er
e
i
s
a
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
i
n
th
e
v
a
lu
e
s
o
f
v
o
ltag
e,
c
u
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
p
h
ase
a
n
g
le.
T
o
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
a
t,
th
er
e
f
o
r
e,
a
s
i
g
n
al
i
s
g
en
er
a
ted
an
d
s
e
n
t
to
th
e
lo
ca
l
ar
ea
co
n
t
r
o
l
r
o
o
m
.
T
o
f
i
n
d
th
e
o
p
ti
m
a
l
lo
ca
tio
n
s
o
f
P
MU
s
,
a
Gr
ap
h
T
h
eo
r
etic
P
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
u
s
e
d
[
1
8
]
.
A
v
ar
iab
le
ca
p
ac
itiv
e
r
ea
ctan
ce
is
t
h
e
n
i
n
j
ec
ted
in
to
th
e
T
C
b
y
a
co
m
p
en
s
ato
r
T
C
SC
.
A
s
m
e
n
tio
n
e
d
in
E
q
u
atio
n
(9
)
to
E
q
u
atio
n
(
1
2
)
,
th
e
e
x
p
r
ess
io
n
X
TC
S
C
is
i
n
j
ec
ted
to
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
th
y
r
is
to
r
s
an
g
le
(
α
)
r
a
n
g
in
g
b
et
w
ee
n
9
0
°
a
n
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
P
h
a
s
e
Mea
s
u
r
eme
n
t U
n
its
b
a
s
ed
F
A
C
T’s D
ev
ices fo
r
th
e
I
m
p
r
o
ve
men
t o
f …
.
(
Hu
s
h
a
m
I
d
a
n
Hu
s
s
ein
)
893
1
8
0
°.
Data
is
th
e
n
p
as
s
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
P
MU
s
to
t
h
e
P
DC
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
li
n
k
.
Us
in
g
a
F
AC
T
s
d
ev
ice
co
n
tr
o
ller
(
T
C
SC
)
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m
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tat
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[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
tech
n
iq
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e
p
r
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p
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s
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w
a
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test
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as
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p
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Di
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tes
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te
m
s
.
T
h
e
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et
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m
en
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h
is
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ap
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tili
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d
T
C
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AC
T
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d
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h
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th
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m
v
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t
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er
th
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r
ated
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alu
e.
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h
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r
m
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a
T
C
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n
tr
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l
w
it
h
a
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S
n
e
t
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g
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r
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4
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it
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p
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licatio
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Net
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Fig
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asic sch
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MU
w
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SI
M
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AT
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R
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S
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T
S
AND
DIS
CUSS
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h
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lied
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ase
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Gr
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ase
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g
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y
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P
SA
T
p
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k
ag
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a
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I
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t
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te
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P
MU
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P
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o
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s
e
is
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ep
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n
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ab
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1,
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a
b
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3,
an
d
T
ab
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5
.
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h
e
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MU
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ca
tio
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d
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g
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f
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tr
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b
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lta
g
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w
it
h
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n
l
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C
S
C
,
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d
th
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n
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t
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tallatio
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C
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&
P
MU
(
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m
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MU
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b
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4
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d
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6
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s
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n
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ab
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,
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e
p
r
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s
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tech
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iq
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e
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a
v
alid
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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