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s
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
e
ir
s
u
p
er
io
r
h
y
d
r
o
p
h
ilic
p
r
o
p
er
t
ies
co
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
m
in
er
al
o
ils
[
3
]
,
[
4
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
NE
I
o
il
s
h
av
e
lo
w
er
p
o
u
r
p
o
in
t,
w
h
ic
h
m
a
k
e
t
h
e
m
less
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
u
s
e
i
n
co
ld
cli
m
ate
r
e
g
io
n
s
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
N
E
I
o
ils
ar
e
p
r
o
n
e
to
o
x
id
atio
n
d
u
e
to
t
h
eir
lo
w
er
o
x
id
ati
ve
s
tab
ili
t
y
[
5
]
,
[
6
]
.
Fo
r
th
ese
r
ea
s
o
n
s
,
s
cie
n
ti
s
ts
an
d
r
esear
ch
er
s
ar
e
ac
tiv
el
y
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
o
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
NE
I
o
ils
f
o
r
u
s
e
as tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
in
s
u
la
tio
n
o
ils
.
I
t
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
o
v
en
t
h
at
t
h
e
p
o
o
r
o
x
id
ativ
e
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
NE
I
o
ils
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
b
y
th
e
a
d
d
itio
n
o
f
an
tio
x
id
a
n
ts
i
n
to
t
h
e
o
il
s
[
7
]
,
[
8
]
.
A
n
tio
x
id
an
t
s
ar
e
ess
en
tiall
y
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
t
h
at
d
ela
y
o
r
s
lo
w
d
o
w
n
t
h
e
o
x
id
a
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
o
ils
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
in
ter
esti
n
g
l
y
,
r
ec
en
t
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
s
h
o
w
n
t
h
at
th
e
in
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
o
f
s
elec
ted
a
n
ti
o
x
id
an
t
m
i
x
t
u
r
es
i
n
to
NE
I
o
il
s
also
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
th
eir
AC
Bd
V
[
7
]
,
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
in
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
,
t
h
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
a
n
tio
x
id
a
n
t
m
i
x
t
u
r
es
o
n
t
h
e
o
x
id
ativ
e
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
NE
I
o
il
is
as
s
ess
e
d
b
ased
o
n
th
e
A
C
B
d
V
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
c
h
er
s
h
av
e
o
n
l
y
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
th
e
o
n
e
-
f
ac
to
r
-
at
-
a
-
ti
m
e
(
OFA
T
)
m
e
th
o
d
a
s
t
h
eir
e
x
p
e
r
i
m
en
tal
d
esi
g
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
u
m
r
atio
s
o
f
a
n
tio
x
id
a
n
t
s
t
h
at
w
il
l
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
d
ielec
tr
ic
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
in
s
u
la
tio
n
o
ils
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
th
e
O
F
A
T
m
e
th
o
d
r
eq
u
ir
es
a
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
test
r
u
n
s
o
r
ex
p
er
im
en
ts
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
esti
m
ate
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
t
h
at
ca
n
p
o
s
s
ib
l
y
g
i
v
e
b
etter
o
u
tp
u
ts
.
T
h
e
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
te
s
t
r
u
n
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
is
h
ig
h
l
y
u
n
d
esira
b
le
s
in
c
e
it
co
n
s
u
m
e
s
a
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
t
i
m
e
a
n
d
co
s
t
to
ex
ec
u
te
al
l
o
f
th
e
ex
p
er
im
e
n
t
s
[
1
3
]
,
[
1
4
]
.
Hen
ce
,
in
t
h
i
s
s
tu
d
y
,
a
d
esi
g
n
o
f
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
ts
(
Do
E
)
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
th
e
T
ag
u
ch
i
m
eth
o
d
i
s
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
to
r
ep
lace
th
e
O
F
A
T
m
et
h
o
d
.
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
i
s
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
eo
u
s
s
in
ce
it
r
ed
u
ce
s
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ex
p
er
i
m
en
t
s
,
ti
m
e
a
n
d
o
v
er
all
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
co
s
t
[
1
5
-
17]
.
T
h
e
T
ag
u
ch
i
m
eth
o
d
is
also
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
o
p
ti
m
u
m
co
n
ce
n
tr
at
io
n
s
o
f
an
tio
x
id
an
ts
w
h
ic
h
w
ill
m
a
x
i
m
ize
th
e
AC
B
d
V
o
f
th
e
NE
I
o
il
.
2.
E
XP
E
R
I
M
E
NT
A
L
DE
SI
G
N
2
.
1
.
Desig
n o
f
E
x
peri
m
ent
s
T
h
e
T
ag
u
ch
i
d
e
s
ig
n
(
L
8
o
r
th
o
go
n
al
ar
r
a
y
)
w
a
s
u
s
ed
in
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
co
n
s
i
s
ti
n
g
o
f
e
i
g
h
t
r
o
w
s
(
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
test
s
)
an
d
t
w
o
co
lu
m
n
s
f
o
r
t
w
o
lev
e
ls
.
T
h
is
ar
r
a
y
h
a
s
s
e
v
en
d
eg
r
ee
s
o
f
f
r
ee
d
o
m
(
DOF)
,
w
h
er
eb
y
t
wo
DOFs
w
er
e
as
s
ig
n
ed
to
t
w
o
f
ac
to
r
s
(
i.e
.
ea
ch
f
ac
to
r
h
as
o
n
e
DOF)
a
n
d
f
i
v
e
DOF
s
w
er
e
as
s
ig
n
ed
to
er
r
o
r
s
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
o
b
s
er
v
e
t
h
e
d
e
g
r
ee
o
f
s
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g
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if
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n
ce
o
f
t
h
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d
esig
n
p
ar
a
m
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ter
s
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ter
m
s
o
f
w
t.%
co
n
tr
ib
u
t
io
n
s
,
t
w
o
f
ac
to
r
s
(
ea
c
h
at
t
w
o
le
v
el
s
)
ar
e
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ted
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
T
ab
le
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
lis
t o
f
te
s
t r
u
n
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
L
8
o
r
th
o
g
o
n
al
ar
r
a
y
g
e
n
er
ate
d
b
y
Mi
n
itab
s
tati
s
tical
s
o
f
t
w
a
r
e.
T
ab
le
1
.
L
ev
el
o
f
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
p
r
o
p
y
l g
al
late
an
d
citr
ic
ac
i
d
an
tio
x
id
an
t
s
L
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v
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l
P
r
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p
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l
g
a
l
l
a
t
e
(
w
t
.
%)
C
i
t
r
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c
a
c
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d
(
w
t
.
%)
1
0
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0
5
0
.
0
5
2
0
.
2
5
0
.
2
5
T
ab
le
2
.
L
8
(2
2
)
o
r
th
o
g
o
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al
ar
r
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y
R
u
n
n
o
.
F
a
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A
n
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A
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p
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g
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l
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t
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(
w
t
.
%)
A
n
t
i
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x
i
d
a
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t
B
C
i
t
r
i
c
a
c
i
d
(
w
t
.
%)
1
0
.
0
5
0
.
0
5
2
0
.
0
5
0
.
0
5
3
0
.
0
5
0
.
2
5
4
0
.
0
5
0
.
2
5
5
0
.
2
5
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0
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6
0
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2
5
0
.
0
5
7
0
.
2
5
0
.
2
5
8
0
.
2
5
0
.
2
5
On
ce
t
h
e
s
er
ies
o
f
test
r
u
n
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
2
w
a
s
co
n
d
u
c
ted
,
th
e
A
C
B
d
V
r
esp
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n
s
e
f
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test
r
u
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a
s
an
al
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s
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
s
ig
n
al
-
to
-
n
o
is
e
(
S/N)
r
atio
.
T
h
e
S/N
r
atio
is
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
i
n
th
e
T
ag
u
c
h
i
m
et
h
o
d
.
T
h
e
g
o
al
o
f
th
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S/N
r
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to
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al
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e
t
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r
esp
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s
e
b
y
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ed
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s
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tiv
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o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
to
th
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s
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s
o
f
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2088
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8708
I
J
E
C
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Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
2
,
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p
r
il 2
0
1
7
:
6
5
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–
658
652
v
ar
ia
tio
n
,
w
h
ic
h
i
n
t
u
r
n
,
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
b
etter
r
esu
lt
s
[
1
6
]
,
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
th
r
ee
ca
teg
o
r
ies
o
f
S/
N
r
atio
,
n
a
m
e
l
y
,
“s
m
a
ller
is
b
etter
”,
“
n
o
m
in
al
is
b
est”
o
r
“
lar
g
er
is
b
etter
”.
I
n
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
,
t
h
e
S/N
r
atio
f
o
r
“
lar
g
er
is
b
etter
”
g
iv
e
n
b
y
E
q
u
atio
n
(
1
)
w
a
s
u
s
ed
to
attai
n
a
h
ig
h
er
AC
B
d
V
r
esp
o
n
s
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
NE
I
o
il
ad
d
ed
w
ith
an
tio
x
id
a
n
ts
.
|
∑
|
(
1
)
I
n
th
is
eq
u
a
tio
n
,
n
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
e
p
etitio
n
s
u
n
d
er
th
e
s
a
m
e
d
esig
n
p
ar
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m
eter
co
n
d
iti
o
n
s
,
y
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in
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icate
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t
h
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r
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n
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s
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icate
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m
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e
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ar
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ter
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o
n
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ar
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Fo
llo
w
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th
i
s
,
A
NOV
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w
as
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ed
to
d
eter
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T
h
e
o
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ti
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ts
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n
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e
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ased
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n
th
e
S/N
r
atio
an
d
A
N
OV
A
an
a
l
y
s
is
.
2
.
2
.
Sa
m
ple P
re
pa
ra
t
io
n
R
ap
eseed
-
b
ased
o
il
w
a
s
ch
o
s
e
n
as
th
e
NE
I
o
il
in
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
.
P
r
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-
p
r
o
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s
s
in
g
w
as
f
ir
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t
ca
r
r
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ed
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t
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o
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n
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ticles
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d
m
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s
tu
r
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m
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T
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s
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w
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ilter
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s
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p
o
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an
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[7
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lati
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[9
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s.
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1
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rth
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st.
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.
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tr.
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g
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l.
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rth
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n
ts”
,
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E
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ra
n
s.
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lec
tr.
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tr.
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su
l
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p
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3
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.
Cz
it
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,
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.
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.
[1
4
]
M
.
J.
A
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F
A
T
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[
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].
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/www
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n
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2
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].
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5
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M
.
Z.
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[1
7
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A
.
Ch
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sig
n
m
e
th
o
d
a
n
d
p
h
y
sic
o
-
c
h
e
m
ic
a
l
c
h
a
ra
c
teriz
a
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
p
ro
d
u
c
t”
,
In
d
.
Cro
p
s
Pro
d
.
,
v
o
l.
5
2
,
p
p
.
7
8
3
–
7
8
9
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
8
]
A
S
T
M
D6
8
7
1
-
0
3
,
“
S
tan
d
a
r
d
S
p
e
c
if
ic
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
Na
tu
ra
l
(V
e
g
e
tab
le
Oil)
Ester
F
l
u
id
s
Us
e
d
i
n
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
A
p
p
a
ra
tu
s”
,
A
S
T
M
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l,
W
e
st Co
n
s
h
o
h
o
c
k
e
n
,
P
A
,
p
p
.
1
–
4
,
2
0
0
8
.
[1
9
]
A
S
T
M
D1
8
1
6
-
1
2
,
“
S
tan
d
a
rd
T
e
st
M
e
th
o
d
f
o
r
Die
lec
tri
c
Bre
a
k
d
o
w
n
V
o
lt
a
g
e
o
f
In
su
latin
g
L
i
q
u
id
s
Us
in
g
”
,
AS
T
M
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
,
W
e
st Co
n
sh
o
h
o
c
k
e
n
,
P
A
,
p
p
.
1
–
5
,
2
0
1
2
.
[2
0
]
J.
W
a
l
k
e
r,
A
.
V
a
lo
t,
Z.
D.
W
a
n
g
,
X
.
Yi,
a
n
d
Q.
L
iu
,
“
M
/DBT
,
n
e
w
a
lt
e
rn
a
ti
v
e
d
iele
c
tric
li
q
u
i
d
s
fo
r
tra
n
sfo
rm
e
rs
”
,
in
CIG
RE
P
a
ris
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
,
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
–
1
0
.
[2
1
]
D.
Bo
ll
ig
e
r,
G
.
P
il
a
n
ia,
a
n
d
S
.
Bo
g
g
s,
“
T
h
e
e
ff
e
c
t
o
f
a
ro
m
a
ti
c
a
n
d
su
lf
u
r
c
o
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
o
n
p
a
rti
a
l
d
isc
h
a
rg
e
c
h
a
ra
c
teristics
o
f
h
e
x
a
d
e
c
a
n
e
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Die
lec
tr.
El
e
c
tr.
I
n
su
l
.
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
8
0
1
–
8
1
3
,
J
u
n
.
2
0
1
3
.
[2
2
]
A
.
A
.
Zak
y
,
I.
Y.
M
e
g
a
h
e
d
,
a
n
d
C.
Ev
a
n
g
e
lo
u
,
“
T
h
e
e
ff
e
c
t
o
f
o
rg
a
n
ic
a
d
d
it
iv
e
s
o
n
th
e
b
re
a
k
d
o
w
n
a
n
d
g
a
ss
in
g
p
ro
p
e
rti
e
s o
f
m
in
e
ra
l
o
il
s”
,
J
.
Ph
y
s.
D.
Ap
p
l.
Ph
y
s
.
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
8
4
1
–
8
4
9
,
A
p
r.
1
9
7
6
.
[2
3
]
A
S
T
M
E1
8
5
8
-
0
8
,
“
S
tan
d
a
r
d
T
e
st
M
e
th
o
d
f
o
r
De
term
in
in
g
Ox
id
a
ti
o
n
I
n
d
u
c
ti
o
n
T
im
e
o
f
H
y
d
ro
c
a
rb
o
n
s
b
y
Diff
e
r
e
n
ti
a
l
S
c
a
n
n
i
n
g
Ca
lo
r
im
e
try
”
,
AS
T
M
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
,
W
e
st Co
n
sh
o
h
o
c
k
e
n
,
P
A
,
2
0
1
5
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
S
h
a
r
i
n
Ab
G
h
a
n
i
re
c
e
i
v
e
d
th
e
BEn
g
.
(H
o
n
s)
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tr
ica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
si
a
M
e
lak
a
(
UTe
M
)
in
2
0
0
8
a
n
d
th
e
M
En
g
.
De
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
n
a
g
a
Na
sio
n
a
l,
M
a
l
a
y
sia
(U
NIT
EN)
in
2
0
1
2
.
He
se
rv
e
d
a
s
a
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
l
a
k
a
(U
TeM)
.
Cu
rre
n
tl
y
,
h
e
is
a
P
h
D
stu
d
e
n
t
a
t
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
la
y
sia
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
a
r
e
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
in
su
lati
o
n
,
p
o
w
e
r
e
q
u
ip
m
e
n
ts
&
in
su
lati
o
n
c
o
n
d
i
ti
o
n
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
,
a
n
d
re
n
e
w
a
b
le en
e
rg
y
.
Zu
l
k
a
r
n
a
i
n
A
h
m
a
d
No
o
r
d
e
n
(M
’1
3
)
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
B.
En
g
.
a
n
d
M
.
E
n
g
.
d
e
g
re
e
s
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
Tek
n
o
l
o
g
i
M
a
lay
si
a
in
2
0
0
8
a
n
d
2
0
0
9
,
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
.
He
jo
in
e
d
t
h
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
s
a
T
u
to
r
in
2
0
0
8
a
f
ter
c
o
m
p
letin
g
th
e
B.
En
g
.
d
e
g
re
e
.
In
2
0
1
3
,
h
e
c
o
m
p
lete
d
h
is
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
e
in
Re
g
io
n
a
l
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t
S
y
ste
m
(El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
)
f
ro
m
S
h
ib
a
u
ra
In
stit
u
te
o
f
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
T
o
k
y
o
,
Ja
p
a
n
.
Cu
rre
n
tl
y
,
h
e
is
a
S
e
n
io
r
L
e
c
tu
re
r
a
t
th
e
In
stit
u
te
o
f
Hig
h
V
o
l
tag
e
a
n
d
Hig
h
Cu
rre
n
t,
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
lay
sia
.
H
is
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
u
lt
ra
-
c
a
p
a
c
it
o
r
m
a
teria
ls
a
n
d
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
e
n
e
r
g
y
sto
ra
g
e
s
y
ste
m
s,
p
o
we
r
e
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
d
iag
n
o
sis,
a
n
d
h
ig
h
v
o
lt
a
g
e
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
.
No
r
As
i
a
h
M
u
h
a
m
a
d
(M
’1
3
)
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
w
o
rk
in
g
a
s
S
e
n
io
r
L
e
c
tu
re
r
a
t
th
e
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
A
n
d
El
e
c
tro
n
ic,
Un
iv
e
rsiti
S
a
i
n
s
M
a
la
y
sia
.
P
re
v
io
u
sly
sh
e
w
a
s
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
re
se
a
rc
h
e
r
a
n
d
se
n
i
o
r
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
th
e
In
stit
u
te
o
f
Hig
h
V
o
lt
a
g
e
a
n
d
Hig
h
Cu
rre
n
t
in
th
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
la
y
sia
fo
r
1
3
y
e
a
rs.
S
h
e
f
in
ish
e
d
h
e
r
P
h
.
D.
in
2
0
0
9
a
t
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Ne
w
S
o
u
th
W
a
les
,
A
u
stra
li
a
.
S
h
e
h
a
d
e
a
rli
e
r
re
c
e
iv
e
d
a
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
e
lec
tro
n
ic
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
P
e
tr
o
n
a
s,
M
a
la
y
sia
in
2
0
0
2
a
n
d
a
M
a
ste
r’
s
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
le
c
tri
c
a
l
p
o
we
r
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
T
h
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
S
o
u
th
A
u
stra
li
a
in
2
0
0
6
.
He
r
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
st
in
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
e
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
sta
rted
in
2
0
0
5
,
a
n
d
th
e
m
a
in
to
p
ics
re
late
d
to
t
h
is
in
tere
st are
in
su
la
ti
o
n
d
iag
n
o
sis a
n
d
n
e
w
sy
ste
m
s
f
o
r
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
.
H
id
a
y
a
t
Z
a
i
n
u
d
d
in
r
e
c
e
i
v
e
d
h
is
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
lay
sia
(
UT
M
)
in
2
0
0
3
.
He
o
b
tai
n
e
d
h
is
M
S
c
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
w
it
h
Bu
sin
e
ss
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
S
trath
c
ly
d
e
,
G
la
sg
o
w
in
2
0
0
5
.
H
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
P
h
D
d
e
g
re
e
a
t
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
S
o
u
th
a
m
p
to
n
,
Un
it
e
d
Kin
d
o
m
in
2
0
1
3
.
He
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
a
s
a
c
a
d
e
m
ic
sta
f
f
o
f
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
(U
T
e
M
)
sin
c
e
2
0
0
3
a
n
d
a
t
p
re
se
n
t
is
th
e
se
n
i
o
r
lec
tu
re
r
i
n
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
t
th
e
u
n
iv
e
rsity
.
H
e
is
th
e
L
a
b
He
a
d
f
o
r
th
e
Hig
h
V
o
lt
a
g
e
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Re
se
a
rc
h
L
a
b
o
ra
to
ry
,
Un
iv
e
rsiti
Tek
n
ik
a
l
M
a
l
a
y
s
ia
M
e
lak
a
(U
TeM)
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
HV
e
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
in
s
u
latio
n
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
,
f
a
il
u
re
a
n
a
l
y
sis,
a
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
c
o
o
rd
i
n
a
ti
o
n
.
M
u
h
a
m
m
a
d
Il
m
a
n
H
a
k
i
m
i
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
w
o
rk
in
g
a
s
S
e
n
io
r
L
e
c
tu
r
e
r
a
t
th
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(F
T
K),
Un
iv
e
rsiti
Tek
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
la
k
a
He
f
i
n
ish
e
d
h
is
P
h
.
D
in
2
0
1
5
a
t
th
e
Un
v
e
risit
i
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
(
UTe
M
)
.
He
h
a
d
e
a
rli
e
r
r
e
c
e
iv
e
d
a
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
a
n
d
M
a
ste
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.