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b
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1.
I
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RO
D
UCT
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O
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h
e
s
h
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test
p
at
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(
SP
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in
th
e
g
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ap
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et
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tices
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lled
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s
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te
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th
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v
o
l
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in
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b
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m
i
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m
al
[
1
-
3
]
.
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r
s
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m
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p
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b
lem
s
,
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h
e
len
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t
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er
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u
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th
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w
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v
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at
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l
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ap
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c
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f
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d
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g
a
m
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at
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n
d
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t
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ati
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al
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s
u
m
o
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th
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ed
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es
i
n
it)
w
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l
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r
ily
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a
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x
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et
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n
ar
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g
r
ea
t le
n
g
t
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[
1
]
T
h
e
m
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s
t
ef
f
icie
n
t
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
f
i
n
d
in
g
a
s
h
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test
p
ath
f
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m
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
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tex
to
e
v
er
y
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s
Dij
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W
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p
ly
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th
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ith
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r
ap
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[
1
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Alth
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o
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ith
m
is
n
o
t
ap
p
licab
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to
ev
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y
g
r
ap
h
.
T
h
e
g
r
ap
h
s
in
w
h
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h
u
s
ed
ar
e
n
o
t
to
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n
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at
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I
n
t
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w
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k
,
w
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f
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d
in
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f
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r
ap
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s
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
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N:
2088
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8708
F
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C
#
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W
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R
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vrevski
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2055
On
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x
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a
g
r
ap
h
i
n
th
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
d
ev
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lab
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n
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m
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d
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ath
.
2.
M
AT
E
RIAL
A
ND
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Dij
k
s
t
ra
's
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
I
n
th
i
s
alg
o
r
it
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m
ar
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u
m
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at
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n
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s
c
ij
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tiv
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T
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ith
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ca
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th
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s
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it
h
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
n
u
m
b
er
s
.
Gen
er
all
y
,
t
h
e
m
ar
k
i
n
g
n
u
m
b
er
d
(
x)
at
th
e
v
er
tex
x
is
te
m
p
o
r
ar
y
an
d
g
iv
e
s
th
e
u
p
p
er
li
m
i
t
o
f
th
e
p
at
h
le
n
g
th
f
r
o
m
s
to
x
.
W
h
en
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
th
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
,
th
e
v
al
u
es
o
f
t
h
e
m
ar
k
u
p
n
u
m
b
er
s
ar
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
,
w
it
h
at
ea
ch
s
tep
ex
ac
tl
y
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
te
m
p
o
r
ar
y
m
ar
k
er
n
u
m
b
er
s
b
ein
g
co
n
s
tan
t
(
co
lo
r
in
g
)
[
1
]
.
I
n
th
i
s
ca
s
e,
th
e
p
er
m
an
e
n
t
(
co
lo
r
ed
)
m
ar
k
er
n
u
m
b
er
d
(
x
)
is
n
o
l
o
n
g
er
an
u
p
p
er
li
m
i
t,
b
u
t
th
e
e
x
ac
t
le
n
g
th
o
f
t
h
e
SP
f
r
o
m
s
to
x
.
Fo
r
co
lo
r
ed
w
e
a
ls
o
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
v
er
tex
x
.
W
h
en
i
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
th
e
len
g
t
h
o
f
th
e
SP
th
e
p
at
h
its
el
f
is
s
ea
r
c
h
i
n
g
i
s
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lo
r
ed
an
d
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
ed
g
es o
f
th
e
g
r
ap
h
,
th
u
s
it i
s
i
n
clu
d
ed
in
t
h
e
s
ea
r
ch
p
ath
.
2
.
2
.
.
NE
T
4
.
0
T
h
e
Mic
r
o
s
o
f
t
.
NE
T
Fra
m
e
wo
r
k
is
a
p
latf
o
r
m
cr
ea
ted
b
y
Mic
r
o
s
o
f
t
th
a
t
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
m
o
d
el,
a
lib
r
ar
y
o
f
clas
s
es,
t
h
e
Fra
m
e
w
o
r
k
C
la
s
s
L
ib
r
ar
y
(
F
C
L
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,
a
n
d
a
n
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
f
o
r
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
w
r
i
tten
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ec
if
icall
y
f
o
r
it
p
r
o
g
r
am
co
d
e,
C
o
m
m
o
n
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
R
u
n
ti
m
e
(
C
R
L
)
.
I
t
is
a
k
e
y
ele
m
e
n
t
o
f
Mic
r
o
s
o
f
t
'
s
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
en
t
s
tr
at
eg
y
,
w
h
ic
h
ai
m
s
to
m
a
k
e
m
o
s
t
n
e
w
W
i
n
d
o
w
s
ap
p
licatio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
a
.
NE
T
Fra
m
e
w
o
r
k
3
.
5
.
.
NE
T
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
s
ar
e
w
r
itte
n
in
h
i
g
h
le
v
el
lan
g
u
a
g
es
(
C
#
,
VB
.
NE
T
,
C
++
/
C
L
I
,
etc.
)
an
d
co
m
p
iled
i
n
to
a
p
latf
o
r
m
-
in
d
e
p
en
d
en
t
in
ter
m
ed
iate
lan
g
u
ag
e
ca
lled
C
o
m
m
o
n
I
n
t
er
m
ed
iat
e
L
an
g
u
ag
e
(
C
I
L
)
.
T
h
e
C
#
lan
g
u
ag
e
is
u
s
ed
in
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
.
Du
r
i
n
g
ex
ec
u
tio
n
,
th
e
C
I
L
co
d
e
is
au
to
m
atica
ll
y
co
m
p
iled
b
y
C
L
R
f
o
r
th
e
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
p
latf
o
r
m
an
d
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
te
m
t
h
e
u
s
er
is
u
s
e.
T
h
e
.
NE
T
Fra
m
e
w
o
r
k
ar
c
h
itect
u
r
e
is
o
f
ten
co
n
s
id
er
ed
at
lev
els a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
.
NE
T
f
r
am
e
w
o
r
k
2
.
3
.
Vis
ua
l
S
t
u
dio
2
0
1
0
VS.N
E
T
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
w
o
r
ld
'
s
lead
in
g
i
n
te
g
r
ated
ap
p
licatio
n
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
s
-
I
n
teg
r
ated
Dev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
(
I
DE
)
.
W
ith
its
h
e
lp
,
w
e
ca
n
d
o
ea
ch
o
f
th
e
t
y
p
ical
tas
k
s
r
elat
ed
to
b
u
ild
in
g
a
n
ap
p
licatio
n
-
w
r
iti
n
g
co
d
e,
cr
ea
tin
g
u
s
er
i
n
ter
f
ac
e,
co
m
p
ili
n
g
,
r
u
n
n
i
n
g
an
d
test
i
n
g
,
d
eb
u
g
g
i
n
g
,
er
r
o
r
tr
ac
k
in
g
,
cr
ea
tin
g
in
s
talla
tio
n
p
ac
k
ag
e
s
,
v
ie
w
in
g
d
o
cu
m
e
n
tatio
n
a
n
d
o
th
er
s
[
4
-
8
]
.
T
h
e
Vis
u
al
Stu
d
io
.
NE
T
2
0
1
0
p
ac
k
ag
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
Mic
r
o
s
o
f
t
C
#
.
NE
T
,
Mic
r
o
s
o
f
t
Vis
u
al
B
asic
.
NE
T
,
Mic
r
o
s
o
f
t
C
++
.
NE
T
(
m
an
a
g
ed
/
un
m
a
n
ag
ed
)
a
n
d
Mic
r
o
s
o
f
t
Vi
s
u
al
J
#
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
lan
g
u
ag
es
as
s
tan
d
ar
d
.
I
n
t
h
e
p
r
ese
n
t
w
o
r
k
,
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
f
o
r
th
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
v
i
s
u
a
liz
atio
n
o
f
SP
is
w
r
i
tten
i
n
t
h
e
C
#
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
la
n
g
u
a
g
e.
T
h
e
VS.N
E
T
co
d
e
ed
ito
r
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
all
ap
p
r
o
v
ed
ad
v
an
ce
d
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
ed
ito
r
s
f
u
n
c
tio
n
s
-
s
y
n
tax
co
lo
r
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g
f
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ier
v
i
s
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a
l
izatio
n
o
f
th
e
co
d
e
an
d
er
r
o
r
r
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u
ctio
n
,
au
to
m
a
tic
co
m
p
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o
f
th
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s
en
te
n
ce
,
a
u
to
m
a
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d
u
r
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g
w
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n
g
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m
an
y
m
o
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A
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telli
Sen
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f
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f
o
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m
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h
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p
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r
am
m
er
s
,
as
it
allo
w
s
t
h
e
m
to
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o
k
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WP
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in
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Fo
u
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p
ap
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t
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e
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Flas
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ter
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h
e
SP
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
T
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
al
lo
w
s
d
r
a
w
i
n
g
an
u
n
d
ir
ec
ted
g
r
ap
h
u
s
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g
t
h
e
m
o
u
s
e
.
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a
w
i
n
g
th
e
v
er
tex
o
f
a
g
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ap
h
i
s
d
o
n
e
w
i
th
a
cl
ick
o
f
th
e
m
o
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s
e,
a
n
d
th
e
s
etti
n
g
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f
t
h
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ed
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e
a
n
d
th
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r
r
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n
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t
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s
d
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e
b
y
s
eq
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h
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o
s
in
g
t
h
e
t
w
o
v
er
tice
s
b
et
w
ee
n
w
h
ic
h
w
e
s
et
th
e
ed
g
e
b
y
clic
k
i
n
g
w
it
h
m
o
u
s
e
o
n
t
h
e
m
.
T
h
e
g
e
n
er
al
v
ie
w
o
f
t
h
e
SP
f
in
d
i
n
g
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
3.
T
o
s
w
it
ch
f
r
o
m
a
p
lo
tti
n
g
m
o
d
e
to
a
SP
s
ea
r
ch
m
o
d
e,
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
h
a
s
a
s
p
ec
ial
b
u
tto
n
"
SP
f
in
d
in
g
"
.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
e,
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
all
o
w
s
u
s
to
s
elec
t
th
e
s
tar
ti
n
g
a
n
d
e
n
d
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g
es,
b
et
w
ee
n
w
i
tch
e
s
,
w
e
ar
e
s
ea
r
c
h
in
g
SP
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
-
g
r
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m
f
i
n
d
s
t
h
e
SP
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
t
w
o
v
er
tice
s
o
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a
l.
,
“
M
o
d
e
l
F
o
r
Bu
il
d
in
g
Co
m
p
e
ten
c
ies
T
h
ro
u
g
h
A
n
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
S
y
ste
m
F
o
r
A
s
se
ss
m
e
n
t
O
f
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
,
”
1
0
th
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
Of
E
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
,
Res
e
a
rc
h
An
d
In
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
(
ICER
I2
0
1
7
)
,
Ed
i
ted
b
y
:
Ch
o
v
a
,
L
G
;
M
a
rti
n
e
z
,
AL
;
T
o
rre
s,
IC,
B
o
o
k
S
e
ries
:
IC
ERI
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s,
P
a
g
e
s:
4
3
0
-
43
6
,
S
e
v
il
le,
S
P
A
IN,
NO
V
16
-
1
8
,
2
0
1
7
,
IS
BN:
9
7
8
-
84
-
6
9
7
-
6
9
5
7
-
7
/
IS
S
N:
2
3
4
0
-
1
0
9
5
.
[1
4
]
I
.
Ko
sta
d
in
o
v
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Re
sid
e
n
c
e
A
n
d
T
h
e
S
o
c
ial
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t
A
s
A
F
a
c
to
r
Affe
c
ti
n
g
Dig
it
a
l
S
k
il
ls
A
n
d
Co
m
p
e
ten
c
e
In
Bu
lg
a
ria.
S
tep
s
A
n
d
M
e
th
o
d
s
T
o
Ov
e
rc
o
m
e
T
h
e
P
r
o
b
lem
,
”
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
:
ICER
I
2
0
1
6
,
Oc
to
b
e
r
2
0
1
6
,
IS
BN:
9
7
8
-
84
-
6
1
7
-
5
8
9
5
-
1
,
IS
S
N:
2
3
4
0
-
1
0
9
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
2
1
1
2
5
/i
c
e
ri.
2
0
1
6
.
[1
5
]
Hristo
v
e
t
a
l.
,
“
T
h
e
b
l
o
c
k
c
h
a
in
a
s
a
b
a
c
k
b
o
n
e
o
f
G
DP
R
c
o
m
p
li
a
n
t
f
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
s,”
8
th
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
M
u
lt
id
isc
ip
l
in
a
ry
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m.
S
I
M
PR
O
,
56
-
61
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
6
]
S
.
D
e
n
c
h
e
v
a
n
d
T
.
T
re
n
c
h
e
v
a
,
“
In
tellec
tu
a
l
P
ro
p
e
rty
a
s
a
B
a
sic
P
a
rt
o
f
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
’s
In
f
o
r
m
a
t
io
n
L
it
e
ra
c
y
”
,
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s:
2
n
d
In
t
e
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
S
c
ien
c
e
(
I
CEM
S
2
0
1
6
)
,
28
-
2
9
M
a
y
2
0
1
6
,
Be
ij
in
g
,
C
h
in
a
,
DES
tec
h
P
u
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
C
h
in
a
,
p
p
.
7
4
-
78
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
7
]
E.
Zd
ra
v
k
o
v
a
,
“
M
e
d
ia
L
it
e
ra
c
y
a
s
a
Ke
y
Co
m
p
e
ten
c
e
f
o
r
th
e
S
a
fe
a
n
d
Eff
e
c
ti
v
e
u
se
o
f
M
e
d
ia”
,
ICER
I
2
0
1
9
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
,
7
4
6
7
-
7
4
7
3
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
8
]
A
.
W
.
Yin
e
t
a
l,
“
Hie
ra
rc
h
ica
l
a
g
e
n
t
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
No
Cs:
a
d
e
sig
n
m
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
y
w
it
h
sc
a
lab
il
it
y
a
n
d
v
a
riab
il
it
y
,
”
Pro
c
.
2
6
th
NORCHIP
Co
n
f,
p
p
.
2
0
2
-
2
0
7
,
2
0
0
8
.
[1
9
]
S
.
Dim
it
ro
v
a
,
“
Dista
n
c
e
L
e
a
rn
in
g
in
B
u
lg
a
rian
Un
iv
e
rsiti
tes
-
S
tep
f
o
rw
a
rd
in
t
h
h
e
M
o
d
e
rn
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
,
”
ICER
I2
0
1
9
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
,
8
1
2
7
-
8
1
3
2
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
0
]
T
re
n
c
h
e
v
a
,
T
.
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
In
tellec
tu
a
l
P
ro
p
e
rty
T
ra
in
in
g
o
f
L
ib
ra
ry
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r’s
S
tu
d
e
n
ts”
,
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
L
it
e
ra
c
y
:
Ke
y
to
a
n
In
c
lu
siv
e
S
o
c
iety
:
5
t
h
Eu
ro
p
e
a
n
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
L
i
ter
a
c
y
(
ECIL
):
Re
v
is
e
d
S
e
lec
ted
P
a
p
e
rs.
Ed
s.
b
y
S
.
Ku
rb
a
n
o
ğ
lu
e
t.
a
l
.
,
ECIL
,
S
a
in
t
M
a
lo
,
2
0
1
7
,
S
p
r
in
g
e
r
-
V
e
rlag
,
He
id
e
lb
e
rg
,
2
0
1
7
,
2
9
4
-
3
0
2
-
(C
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
in
C
o
m
p
u
ter an
d
In
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
S
c
ien
c
e
,
V
o
l.
8
1
0
).
[2
1
]
W
.
Di
m
it
ro
v
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
tan
d
a
rd
s
A
n
d
In
tero
p
e
ra
b
i
li
ty
W
it
h
in
S
m
a
rt
Cit
y
Eco
s
y
ste
m
”
,
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
:
1
0
t
h
a
n
n
u
a
l
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
f
E
d
u
c
a
t
io
n
,
Res
e
a
rc
h
a
n
d
I
n
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
,
No
v
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
7
,
4
3
4
6
-
4
3
5
5
,
2
0
1
7
,
1
0
.
2
1
1
2
5
/i
c
e
ri.
2
0
1
7
.
1
1
5
7
.
[2
2
]
G
.
S
iv
a
e
t
a
l.
,
“
D
y
n
a
m
i
c
T
i
m
e
S
li
c
e
Ca
lcu
latio
n
f
o
r
Ro
u
n
d
Ro
b
in
P
r
o
c
e
ss
S
c
h
e
d
u
li
n
g
Us
in
g
NO
C,
”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
t
e
r E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
),
V
o
l
.
5
,
No
.
6
,
p
p
.
1
4
8
0
~
1
4
8
5
,
2
0
1
5
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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t J
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&
C
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g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
F
in
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e
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test
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r
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tio
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#
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n
d
W
P
F
(
R
a
d
o
s
la
v
Ma
vrevski
)
2059
[2
3
]
A
.
Bra
ta
,
e
t
a
l,
“
S
o
f
twa
re
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
A
u
to
m
a
ti
c
Da
ta
Co
ll
e
c
to
r
f
o
r
Bu
s
R
o
u
te
P
lan
n
i
n
g
S
y
ste
m
,
”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
lec
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
),
V
o
l.
5
,
No
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
5
0
-
1
5
7
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
4
]
A
.
Ko
h
ler,
G
.
S
c
h
ley
,
a
n
d
M
.
Ra
d
e
tzk
i,
“
F
a
u
lt
t
o
lera
n
t
n
e
tw
o
rk
o
n
c
h
ip
sw
it
c
h
in
g
w
it
h
g
ra
c
e
fu
l
p
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
d
e
g
ra
d
a
ti
o
n
,
”
IE
EE
T
r
a
n
s.
O
n
Co
mp
u
ter
-
Ai
d
e
d
De
sig
n
o
f
In
teg
r
a
te
d
Circ
u
it
s
a
n
d
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
2
9
,
n
o
.
6
,
2
0
1
0
.
[2
5
]
S
.
Ke
n
d
a
g
a
n
n
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
latf
o
rm
lev
e
l
d
e
sig
n
f
o
r
Ne
tw
o
r
k
o
n
Ch
i
p
s
“
,
2
0
1
5
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
(
IACC),
Ba
n
g
lo
re
,
p
p
.
1
6
-
1
9
2
0
1
5
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S O
F
AUTH
O
RS
Ra
d
o
sla
v
M
a
v
r
e
v
s
k
i
,
a
ss
o
c
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p
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
in
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
M
a
th
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m
a
ti
c
s
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n
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tu
ra
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S
c
ien
c
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s,
m
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Ce
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Bio
in
f
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s
Re
se
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rc
h
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S
o
u
th
-
W
e
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Un
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e
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y
"
Ne
o
f
it
Ril
s
k
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,
6
6
I
v
a
n
M
ih
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lo
v
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tr.
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o
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v
g
r
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d
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lg
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h
D
o
n
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s.
S
c
ien
ti
f
ic
In
tere
st:
p
r
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ra
m
m
in
g
,
c
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p
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ter
m
o
d
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ll
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,
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p
p
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st
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c
s.
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tern
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ro
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f
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e
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tu
d
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ts
(S
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M
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S
)
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h
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tern
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P
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ti
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0
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tt
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s2
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sw
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n
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tt
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c
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/
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XV
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/.
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e
to
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Tr
a
y
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ss
istan
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De
p
a
rtme
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In
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w
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lg
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lso
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p
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rtme
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f
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c
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m
a
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s
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tu
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c
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c
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s,
m
e
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b
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f
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Ce
n
ter
fo
r
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
,
Bio
in
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
R
e
se
a
rc
h
,
S
o
u
th
-
W
e
st
Un
i
-
v
e
rsity
"
Ne
o
f
it
Ril
sk
i"
,
6
6
Iv
a
n
M
ih
a
y
l
o
v
S
tr.
,
Blag
o
e
v
g
ra
d
,
Bu
lg
a
ria.
P
h
D
o
n
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s.
S
c
ien
-
ti
f
i
c
In
tere
st:
p
ro
g
ra
m
m
in
g
a
n
d
b
io
i
n
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s.
H
e
is
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X
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XX
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XX
V
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P
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T
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D,
2
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1
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,
h
tt
p
:/
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c
p
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II/
.
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