Int
ern
at
i
onal
Journ
al of Ele
ctrical
an
d
Co
mput
er
En
gin
eeri
ng
(IJ
E
C
E)
Vo
l.
10
,
No.
4
,
A
ugus
t
2020
,
pp.
3967
~
39
77
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8708
,
DOI: 10
.11
591/
ijece
.
v10
i
4
.
pp
3967
-
39
77
3967
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ij
ece.i
aesc
or
e.c
om/i
nd
ex
.ph
p/IJ
ECE
Source c
urrent h
ar
m
onic m
itigatio
n of dist
orted v
oltage sourc
e
by using
shun
t a
ctive p
ow
er filt
er
Muhamm
ad
Ossa
m
a M
ahmoud
1
,
W
ael
Mamd
ou
h
2
,
H
amdy
K
h
alil
3
1,3
Depa
rtment
of
Elec
tr
ical
pow
e
r
and
m
a
chi
nes
,
Facul
t
y
of Engin
ee
ring
,
Ain
-
Sha
m
s Unive
rsit
y
,
E
g
y
pt
2
El
e
ct
ri
ca
l
Eng
in
ee
ring
Depa
r
tment,
Eg
y
ptian
Ac
a
dem
y
for
Eng
ineeri
ng
and
Advan
ce
d
Technol
og
y
,
EAE&
AT
,
Eg
ypt
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
Dec
7
, 2
019
Re
vised
Ma
r
2
,
2020
Accepte
d
Ma
r
9
, 2
020
In
thi
s
pap
er,
t
hre
e
-
phase
,
four
-
wire
shunt
a
ct
i
ve
power
fi
lt
e
r
(SA
PF
)
is
uti
lized
to
m
it
i
gat
e
s
y
st
em
ha
rm
onic
s
of
distort
ed
vo
ltage
source
fo
r
unbal
an
ce
d
and
nonli
ne
ar
loa
ds.
Basic
a
lly
,
th
e
source
voltage
should
be
pure
sin
usoidal
wave
form
to
get
a
g
ood
m
it
iga
ti
on
of
source
cur
ren
t
har
m
onic
s
.
In
thi
s
under
st
ud
y
s
y
s
te
m
,
th
e
source
voltage
is
assum
ed
to
be
har
m
onic
distort
ion
non
-
s
inusoida
l
vo
lt
ag
e
source
.
Th
e
phase
loc
k
ed
l
oop
(PLL)
cont
rol
ci
r
cui
t
i
s
wiel
ded
for
ext
ra
ct
ing
the
f
undamenta
l
co
m
ponent
of
the
distor
te
d
sou
rce
vo
lt
ag
e
to
use
it
as
an
input
signal
to
th
e
SA
PF
cont
rol
.
Another
inpu
t
si
gnal
to
th
e
SA
PF
is
the
distorte
d
loa
d
cur
r
ent.
The
SA
PF
cont
rol
s
y
st
em
uses
(p
-
q)
the
or
y
to
ca
l
culate
t
he
opti
m
um
ins
ta
nt
ane
ous
cu
rre
nt
to
be
injected
b
y
the
SA
PF
to
m
it
iga
te
t
he
source
cur
ren
t
har
m
onic
s
eve
n
th
e
sourc
e
voltage
is
har
m
onic
distorted.
MA
TL
AB/
SIM
ULINK
software
pa
cka
g
e
is
utili
ze
d
to
si
m
ula
te
th
e
s
y
s
tem
under
stud
y
.
The
e
ffe
c
t
of
SA
P
F
is
te
sted
when
it
’s
used
with
and
w
it
ho
ut
the
PL
L
con
trol
c
irc
ui
t
.
The
sim
ulation
result
s
show
th
at
,
the
THD
of
source
cur
ren
t
when
using
the
PLL
cont
rol
ci
rcu
it
is
improved
to
compl
y
wit
h
the
har
m
onic
l
imits
give
n
in
th
e
I
EE
E
519
-
1992
and
I
EC
61
000
-
4
-
7
standa
rd
s.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
F
o
u
r
w
i
r
e
s
h
u
n
t
a
c
t
i
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
f
i
l
t
e
r
Ma
tl
ab
-
S
im
uli
nk
Non
-
i
deal s
our
ce v
oltage
Non
-
li
near
l
oa
d
ph
a
se loc
ke
d
l
oop
P
-
Q
the
or
y
THD
Unbalance
d
l
oa
d
Copyright
©
202
0
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Muh
am
m
ad
O
ssam
a Ma
h
m
ou
d,
Dep
a
rtm
ent o
f El
ect
rical
Pow
er a
nd M
achin
es,
Faculty
of E
ngineerin
g,
Ain
-
Sham
s U
ni
ver
sit
y,
Abbasia,
Cai
ro,
E
gypt
.
Em
a
il
: eng
_m
uh
am
m
ad1
00
@
ya
hoo.
c
om
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
The
P
ow
e
r
qua
li
ty is a
trend
a
nd
has
a g
reat
con
ce
r
n
beca
use
o
f
us
i
ng
non
-
li
near
load
s in wide r
a
nge
wh
ic
h
is
co
nn
ect
ed
to
el
ect
rical
syst
e
m
s.
Power
el
ect
r
on
ic
s
c
ontr
olled
com
pone
nt
and
no
n
-
li
ne
ar
loa
d
el
ect
ro
nic d
e
vices
in p
owe
r
s
yst
e
m
create
sign
i
ficant
deteri
or
at
io
n
i
n
distr
ibu
ti
on n
et
w
orks,
which
le
a
d
to
rise
of
vo
lt
age
a
nd
cu
rr
e
nt
wa
vefor
m
distor
t
ion
nam
ed
har
m
on
ic
s.
The
non
-
li
nea
r
load
s
draw
distor
te
d
non
-
sin
usoidal
curre
nts
f
ro
m
the
gr
id
an
d
a
ll
otti
ng
them
t
hro
ughout
th
e
syst
e
m
.
This
le
ad
to
a
lot
o
f
powe
r
qu
al
it
y
prob
le
m
s
existi
ng
in
the
el
ect
rical
s
yst
e
m
gr
id.
He
nce,
it
is
necessary
to
fin
d
ou
t
so
luti
on
s
to
m
itigate
powe
r
syst
em
har
m
on
ic
s
[1
-
7].
S
om
e
of
t
he
se
so
l
utions
a
re
us
in
g
passi
ve,
act
i
ve
a
nd
hybri
d
filt
ers
[
8
-
12]
.
SA
P
F
pro
vid
e
s
a
good
so
l
uti
on
that
re
duces
the
ha
rm
on
ic
com
po
ne
nts
an
d
com
pen
sat
es
the
nee
de
d
reac
ti
ve
powe
r
in
th
ree
phase
t
hr
ee
w
ire
an
d
three
phase
f
our
wire
syst
em
s.
SA
P
F
is
desig
ne
d
to
be
c
on
t
ro
ll
e
d
by
m
any
con
tr
ol
featur
e
s
to
be
able
to
c
om
pen
sat
e
ha
rm
onic
currents,
l
oa
d
react
ive
po
wer
a
nd
un
balancin
g
neu
t
ral
cu
rr
e
nt
s
in
power
supp
ly
.
SA
P
F
de
li
ver
s
e
qu
al
bu
t
opposit
e
ha
rm
on
ic
s
curr
ent
to
eac
h
phase
of
the
sup
ply
syst
e
m
at
so
cal
le
d
po
i
nt
of
co
m
m
on
co
up
li
ng
(
PCC
).
A
pure
si
nuso
i
dal
so
urce
volt
age
input
sign
al
is m
us
t and esse
nt
ia
ll
y
require
d for
S
AP
F
to give
h
i
gh p
e
rfor
m
anc
e o
f
h
a
rm
on
ic
el
i
m
inati
on
.
In
case o
f
distor
te
d
vo
lt
a
ge
s
ource,
the
SA
P
F
ca
nnot
be
us
ed
al
one,
but
al
so
s
houl
d
be
use
d
with
series
act
ive
powe
r
filt
er
to
el
i
m
inate
the
source
vo
lt
age
ha
rm
on
ic
first.
Af
te
r
filt
ering
t
he
source
volt
age
ha
rm
on
ic
s
by
th
e
series
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
10
, No
.
4
,
A
ugus
t
2020
:
3967
-
3977
3968
act
ive
po
wer
fi
lt
er,
the
volt
ag
e
at
PCC
becom
es
pure
si
nu
s
oid
al
a
nd
the
n
us
e
t
his
pu
re
si
nu
s
oi
dal
as
a
n
input
so
urce
volt
age
sign
al
t
o
S
APF.
T
his
stu
dy
us
es
th
e
PLL
t
echn
i
qu
e
inste
ad
of
us
in
g
se
r
ie
s
act
ive
p
ower
filt
er
in
case
of
disto
rted
volt
age
source
.
The
PLL
te
chn
iq
ue
is
use
d
to
extract
only
the
so
ur
c
e
vo
lt
age
f
unda
m
ental
com
po
ne
nt
fro
m
the
distor
te
d
so
urce
volt
age
wav
e
form
and
then
delive
r
th
is
pu
re
s
ource
vo
lt
age
si
gn
al
as
an
input sig
nal to
the S
AP
F
c
ont
ro
l sc
hem
e, so
no n
ee
d
t
o use
add
it
io
nal se
r
ie
s acti
ve power
filt
er [13
-
18]
.
2.
SY
STE
M AR
CHI
TE
CT
U
R
E
The
syst
em
l
ay
ou
t
sc
hem
e
for
the
syst
e
m
un
de
r
st
udy
co
ns
ist
s
of
el
ect
rical
powe
r
s
upply,
unbalance
d
nonlinear
loa
d,
a
nd
th
ree
phase
four
wire
S
APF
base
d
o
n
tw
o
dc
capa
ci
tors
is
sh
own
in
Fi
gure
1.
The
SAPF
is
basical
ly
a
thr
ee
phase
volt
age
s
ource
in
ve
rter
(VSI
)
with
tw
o
ca
pacit
or
s
on
t
he
dc
li
nk.
The
ret
urn
ne
utral
pat
h
is
der
i
ved
from
the
center
po
i
nt
of
t
wo
sim
il
ar
capaci
tors.
The
zer
o
-
se
quenc
e
com
po
ne
nt
is
fo
un
ded
beca
use
of
the
unbala
nced
l
oad
a
nd
passing
th
rou
gh
the
ne
utral.
The
S
AP
F
in
ve
rter
is
connecte
d
t
o
the
PCC
thr
ou
gh
an
i
nterf
ace
coupli
ng
in
du
c
tor.
T
he
S
APF
act
s
as
a
con
t
ro
ll
ed
c
urre
nt
so
urc
e
deliveri
ng
the
load
har
m
on
ic
cu
rr
e
nts
to
t
he
PCC
.
Co
nse
qu
e
ntly
,
the
current
abs
orb
ed
from
the
gri
d
at
the
PCC
will
be
pu
re
si
nu
s
oi
dal
wav
e
f
or
m
.
Using
an
(
IG
B
T)
transist
or
,
t
hat
work
as
volt
age
so
ur
ce
in
ver
te
r
as a
power q
ua
li
ty
co
m
pen
sat
ion de
vice to
ge
ner
at
e t
he
s
witc
hing
pu
lse
sig
nal.
This
pap
e
r
use
s
p
-
q
the
or
y
a
s
a
c
on
t
ro
l
m
e
tho
d
f
or
SA
P
F
[
19,
20
]
.
It
is
ba
sic
al
ly
based
on
instanta
ne
ous
values
of
t
hr
ee
phase
s
ource
vo
lt
age
a
nd
th
ree
ph
ase
loa
d
cu
rr
e
nt
to
get
act
ive
a
nd
re
act
ive
powe
r
re
quire
d
to
be
c
om
pen
s
at
ed
e
ven
with
or
with
out
ne
ut
ral
wi
re.
P
-
Q
t
heory
is
a
ppli
cable
a
nd
ha
s
a
wide
range
of
us
e
.
Thr
ee
instanta
neous
powe
rs
need
e
d
t
o
be
de
fine
d,
first
is
zero
-
se
qu
e
nce
powe
r
p0,
sec
ond
is
act
ive po
we
r p
and thir
d
is
rea
ct
ive pow
e
r q.
Figure
1.
C
onfi
gurati
on
of
t
he 3phase
4wire
-
SA
P
F
The
cal
c
ulati
on
s
of these
inst
antane
ous
pow
er c
om
po
ne
nts
are as
f
ollow
:
[
0
]
=
√
2
3
[
1
√
2
⁄
1
√
2
⁄
1
√
2
⁄
1
−
1
2
⁄
−
1
2
⁄
0
√
3
2
⁄
−
√
3
2
⁄
]
[
]
(1)
[
0
]
=
√
2
3
[
1
√
2
⁄
1
√
2
⁄
1
√
2
⁄
1
−
1
2
⁄
−
1
2
⁄
0
√
3
2
⁄
−
√
3
2
⁄
]
[
]
(2)
[
0
]
=
[
0
0
0
0
0
−
]
[
0
]
(3)
The
VS
I
is
util
iz
ed
to
in
j
ect
t
he
c
om
pen
sat
ing
c
urre
nt
into
the
gri
d.
Th
e
gate
pulse
s
of
the
VSI
a
re
con
t
ro
ll
ed du
e
to the co
m
pen
s
at
ing
curre
nts fro
m
the S
AP
F.
H
yst
eresis current contr
oller tec
hn
iq
ue
is
use
d
to
con
t
ro
l
the
(
V
SI
)
th
r
ough
th
e
pu
lse
wi
dth
m
od
ulati
on
t
o
m
ake
the
ou
tp
ut
current
of
the
in
ver
te
r
track
the
ref
e
ren
ce
c
urren
t,
the
hys
te
resis
current
con
t
ro
ll
er
de
pe
nd
on
tw
o
si
gn
al
s
,
ref
e
ren
c
e
cur
re
nt
sig
na
l
and
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8708
Sour
ce
cu
r
rent
harmo
nic
miti
ga
ti
on
of
disto
rte
d
v
oltag
e
source
by
us
in
g …
(
Muhamm
ad
Ossam
a
M
ah
mou
d
)
3969
ou
t
pu
t
in
ver
te
r
current
sig
na
l.
The
co
ntr
ol
ci
rcu
it
of
S
A
PF
is
pro
du
ci
ng
t
he
ref
e
re
nc
e
current
w
hi
ch
is
com
par
ed
wit
h
the
ou
t
pu
t
in
ver
te
r
c
urre
nt.
W
he
n
the
ou
t
pu
t
in
ver
te
r
cu
rr
e
nt
increase
s
ou
t
of
the
de
sign
e
d
lim
it
s o
f hyst
er
esi
s b
a
nd contr
oller, t
he hyst
eresis
band
c
ontrolle
r swit
ches
is t
urned o
ff an
d on [
21]
.
3.
MA
TL
AB
-
SI
MU
LI
N
K
MODEL
Fig
ure
2
disp
l
ay
s
the
MATLAB
-
S
IMU
LI
NK
m
od
el
for
the
syst
e
m
u
nd
e
r
stu
dy
[22,
23]
w
hic
h
consi
sts
of
,
3
-
ph
a
se
disto
rted
vo
lt
age
s
ource
(5
th
a
nd
7th
ha
rm
on
ic
or
de
rs
are
include
d),
PLL
co
ntr
ol
ci
rcu
it
,
3
-
phase
tra
nsm
issi
on
li
ne,
3
-
phase
unbal
anced
no
nline
ar
loa
d,
co
upli
ng
i
nducto
r,
3
-
p
hase
-
4
W
i
re
SAPF
connecte
d
t
o
the
syst
em
at
P
CC
through
a
3
-
phase
ci
rcu
it
br
ea
ker
wh
ic
h
i
s
us
e
d
to
c
onnect
or
disc
onnect
the
S
AP
F
f
rom
the
syst
e
m
,
an
d
m
easur
in
g
dev
ic
es
as
s
how
n
in
F
ig
ure
2.
The
syst
e
m
com
po
nen
t
s
ar
e
li
ste
d
in Ta
ble
1.
F
i
g
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
S
A
P
F
,
w
h
i
c
h
c
o
n
s
i
s
t
s
o
f
,
t
h
r
e
e
p
h
a
s
e
i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
,
c
o
m
p
e
n
s
a
t
i
n
g
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
h
y
s
t
e
r
e
s
i
s
b
a
n
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
,
P
-
Q
c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
P
I
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
a
n
d
c
o
u
p
l
i
n
g
i
n
d
u
c
t
o
r
.
T
h
e
S
A
P
F
i
s
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
e
d
a
t
0
.
5
s
e
c
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
a
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
b
r
e
a
k
e
r
,
t
o
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
o
f
S
A
P
F
b
e
f
o
r
e
a
n
d
a
f
t
e
r
c
o
m
p
e
n
s
a
t
i
o
n
.
T
h
e
o
v
e
r
a
l
l
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
t
i
m
e
i
s
1
s
e
c
.
T
h
e
V
S
I
,
i
n
d
u
c
t
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
t
h
e
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
s
c
h
e
m
e
,
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
3
.
Figure
2. Syst
em
si
m
u
li
nk
m
od
el
Table.
1.
Syst
em
p
ara
m
et
ers
Co
m
p
o
n
en
t
Para
m
eter
Valu
e
So
u
rce
Vo
ltag
e (
lin
e to lin
e)
4
0
0
V
Frequ
en
cy
5
0
Hz
Co
n
n
ectio
n
Y balan
ced
co
n
f
ig
u
ration
with
n
eu
tral
Har
m
o
n
ics
Order
(n),
A
m
p
li
t
u
d
e
(pu
)
Ph
ase (deg
re
e
s),
Seq
(
0
,
1
or 2
)
5
0
.2
0
2
7
0
.05
0
1
Tr
an
s
m
iss
io
n
line
Rtr
0
.00
0
0
1
Ω
Ltr
1
0
0
e
-
6
H
Load
Ra
1
0
Ω
Rb
1
5
Ω
Rc
5
Ω
La=L
b
=
Lc
1
0
0
m
H
SAPF
Inv
erter
DC refer
e
n
ce vo
ltag
e
VDC*
=1
2
0
0
V
CDC
capacito
rs
Cf
1
=Cf2
=4
7
0
0
μ
F
Co
u
p
lin
g
ind
u
cto
r
Lf
=2
m
H
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p
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ol.
10
, No
.
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,
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ugus
t
2020
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3967
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3970
Figure
3. Sim
ulink
m
od
el
of
t
he
S
APF
4.
SIMULATI
O
N RESULT
The
S
AP
F
co
ntr
ol
dep
e
nds
on
tw
o
in
pu
t
s
ign
al
s,
(
1)
sou
rce
volt
age
sig
nal
(the
re
fer
e
nce
sig
nal)
,
and
(
2)
loa
d
cu
rr
e
nt
sig
na
l.
The
dist
ort
ion
degree
of
the
sou
rce
vo
lt
age
in
put
sig
nal
af
fects
ba
dly
the
el
i
m
inati
on
of
sour
ce
curr
ent
har
m
on
ic
s,
con
se
quently
the
com
pen
sat
ion
c
urren
t
of
SA
P
F,
an
d
the
THD
pe
rce
ntage
of
so
urce
c
urre
nt.
Fig
ur
e
4
s
ho
ws
the
PLL
co
ntr
ol
ci
rcu
it
.
T
he
in
put
of
P
L
L
co
ntr
ol
ci
cui
t
is
a
3
-
phase
s
ourc
e
vo
lt
a
ge
sig
nal,
an
d
t
he
ou
t
pu
ts
a
re
th
ree
com
ponent
s,
(
1)
the
f
undam
ental
fr
e
qu
e
ncy,
(
2)
the
m
agn
it
ud
e
of
ph
a
se
vo
lt
age
,
a
nd
(
3)
t
he
phase
s
hift.
PLL
c
ontrol
ci
rc
uit
ext
r
act
s
only
the
so
urce
vo
lt
age
f
unda
m
ental
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
com
pone
nt
,
an
d
us
e
it
a
s
an
in
pu
t
sig
nal
of
t
he
SAPF.
When
us
ing
on
ly
a
fun
dam
ental
fr
equ
e
ncy
com
po
ne
nt
of
disto
r
te
d
source
vo
lt
age
as
a
ref
e
re
nce
in
pu
t
sig
na
l,
the
SA
P
F
will
has
a great
ef
fect o
n
s
ource c
urre
nt h
a
rm
on
ic
eli
m
inati
on
. T
he
r
e are t
wo stu
dy cases.
4.1.
So
urce
volt
ag
e input si
gnal
(wi
th
out
usin
g PL
L)
First
case
stu
dy
,
us
in
g
the
si
gn
al
of
disto
rted
sou
rce
volt
age
(
or
i
gin
al
s
ign
al
)
as
a
n
in
pu
t
r
efe
ren
c
e
sign
al
to
SAP
F.
Fig
ure
s
5
-
11
show
s
ource
vo
lt
age
in
pu
t
sign
al
,
three
ph
a
se
source
current,
th
ree
ph
a
se
currents
of
sou
rce,
loa
d,
an
d
com
pen
sat
ion,
source
ne
utr
al
curre
nt,
an
d
F
FT
analy
sis
of
source
volt
ag
e
an
d
so
urce
c
urren
t
after
an
d
before
connecti
ng
the
S
AP
F
.
Fig
ure
s
5
a
nd
9,
show
t
hat,
the
S
AP
F
doesn
’t
ha
ve
an
y
eff
ect
on s
ourc
e volt
age
disto
rtion.
T
h
e
T
H
D
%
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
i
n
p
u
t
s
i
g
n
a
l
i
s
h
i
g
h
a
n
d
e
q
u
a
l
2
0
.
6
2
%
.
Figure
4. Sim
ulink
m
od
el
of
t
he
P
LL
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Sour
ce
cu
r
rent
harmo
nic
miti
ga
ti
on
of
disto
rte
d
v
oltag
e
source
by
us
in
g …
(
Muhamm
ad
Ossam
a
M
ah
mou
d
)
3971
Figure
5. S
our
ce v
oltage i
nput
sign
al
of S
APF with
out u
sin
g
P
LL
(case
A)
Figure
6. Th
re
e phase s
ource
current
(case
A
)
Figure
7. Th
re
e phase s
ource
current,
loa
d
c
urren
t,
and c
om
pen
sat
ion
c
urren
t
(case
A)
A
s
i
l
l
u
s
t
r
a
t
e
d
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
s
6
,
7
,
1
0
a
n
d
1
1
,
t
he
SAPF
has
a
low
ef
fect
on
sourc
e
c
urrent
har
m
on
ic
el
i
m
inati
on
.
T
he
T
HD
%
of
t
he
sou
rce
cu
rrent
re
du
ce
d
af
te
r
co
nn
ect
in
g
S
APF
but
sti
ll
beyond
a
nd
ou
t
of
the
sta
ndar
d
li
m
it
s
[2
4
-
25]
.
As
s
how
n
i
n
F
igure
8,
t
he
ne
utral
s
our
ce
c
urre
nt
is
el
im
inate
d.
Ta
ble
2
sh
ows
the T
HD
%
of s
ource c
urre
nt.
Figure
8. Ne
utr
al
cu
r
ren
ts
of s
ource,
loa
d
a
nd co
m
pen
sat
io
n of SA
PF
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:
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-
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In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
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V
ol.
10
, No
.
4
,
A
ugus
t
2020
:
3967
-
3977
3972
Figure
9. FFT
analy
sis f
or
source
volt
age i
nput
sig
nal
with
ou
t
us
i
ng PLL
(case
A)
Figure
10. FFT
an
al
ysi
s for s
ource
curre
nt
be
fore c
onnecti
ng S
APF (ca
se
A)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N: 20
88
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Sour
ce
cu
r
rent
harmo
nic
miti
ga
ti
on
of
disto
rte
d
v
oltag
e
source
by
us
in
g …
(
Muhamm
ad
Ossam
a
M
ah
mou
d
)
3973
Figure
11. FFT
an
al
ysi
s for s
ource
curre
nt a
fter c
onnecti
ng
SA
P
F (
ca
se
A)
Table.
2
T
HD% o
f
s
ource c
urre
nt (
case
A)
So
u
rce
cu
rr
en
t
So
u
rce
cu
rr
en
t
b
ef
o
re
co
n
n
ectin
g
SAPF
So
u
rce
cu
rr
en
t
af
ter
co
n
n
ectin
g
SAPF
THD%
4
5
.45
2
1
.03
4.2
.
So
urce
volt
ag
e input si
gnal
(wi
th
usin
g P
LL
)
Fig
ure
s
12
-
16,
show
t
hat,
s
ource
vo
lt
ag
e
input
sig
nal,
three
phase
so
urce
c
urre
nt,
three
phase
currents
of
s
ource,
loa
d,
a
nd
com
pen
sat
ion
wav
e
f
or
m
s,
and
FFT
a
naly
sis
of
s
ource
volt
age
in
pu
t
sig
na
l
an
d
so
urce
c
urre
nt
after
c
onnecti
ng
S
AP
F
.
Wh
e
n
us
in
g
the
outp
ut
of
PLL
c
ontrol
ci
rc
uit
as
re
fer
e
nce
in
put
sign
a
l
of
S
APF
(r
e
fe
ren
ce
in
put
sign
al
),
it
is
noti
ced
that,
(
1)
the
SA
PF
ha
s
a
good
e
ff
e
ct
on
sou
rce
current
har
m
on
ic
el
i
m
inati
on
;
(
2)
t
he
THD%
of
s
ource
cu
rr
e
nt
is
within
the
sta
nd
a
rd
li
m
i
ts
becau
se
t
he
s
ource
vo
lt
age
in
put
sign
al
bec
om
e
a
pu
re
sine
w
ave.
Ta
ble
3
sh
ows
the
T
H
D%
of
source
current.
As
show
n
i
n
Tables
4
an
d
5,
the
T
HD
%
of
sou
rce
cu
rr
e
nt
unde
r
distort
ed
volt
age
s
ource
a
nd
no
nlinear
unbala
nce
d
loa
d
m
at
ches th
e sta
nd
a
r
d
li
m
it
s
.
Figure
12. So
urce
vo
lt
age
in
put si
gnal
of
SAPF
by u
si
ng P
LL (
case
B)
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In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
10
, No
.
4
,
A
ugus
t
2020
:
3967
-
3977
3974
Figure
13. T
hr
ee p
hase so
ur
c
e cu
rr
e
nt (
cas
e
B)
Figure
14. So
urce c
urren
t,
loa
d
c
urren
t,
and
com
pen
sat
ion
current
(case B
)
Figure
15. FFT
analy
sis f
or
source
volt
age i
nput
sig
nal w
it
h PLL
(case B
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8708
Sour
ce
cu
r
rent
harmo
nic
miti
ga
ti
on
of
disto
rte
d
v
oltag
e
source
by
us
in
g …
(
Muhamm
ad
Ossam
a
M
ah
mou
d
)
3975
Figure
16. FFT
analy
sis f
or
source
curre
nt a
fter c
onnecti
ng
SA
P
F (
ca
se B)
Table
3.
T
H
D of so
urce
c
urre
nt (
case
B)
So
u
rce
cu
rr
en
t
So
u
rce
cu
rr
en
t bef
o
re
co
n
n
ectin
g
SAPF
So
u
rce
cu
rr
en
t
af
ter
co
n
n
ectin
g
SAPF
THD%
4
5
.45
3
.13
Table
4.
T
H
D
% of s
ource
vo
lt
age in
put
si
gnal
So
u
rce
v
o
ltag
e inp
u
t sig
n
al
W
ith
o
u
t us
in
g
PL
L
W
ith
us
in
g
PL
L
THD
%
2
0
.62
0
.00
Table
5.
T
H
D
%
of s
ource c
urre
nt
So
u
rce
cu
rr
en
t
So
u
rce
cu
rr
en
t bef
o
re
co
n
n
ectin
g
SAPF
So
u
rce
cu
rr
en
t
af
ter
co
n
n
ectin
g
SAPF with
o
u
t us
in
g
PL
L
So
u
rce
cu
rr
en
t
af
ter
co
n
n
ectin
g
SAPF with
us
in
g
P
LL
THD%
4
5
.45
2
1
.03
3
.13
5.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
By
us
ing
t
he
PLL
co
ntr
ol
ci
rcu
it
with
dis
torted
s
ource
vo
lt
age
a
s
the
ref
ere
nce
in
put
sign
al
t
o
the
S
AP
F
,
it
is
noti
ced
t
hat,
(
1)
t
he
S
APF
has
a
gr
eat
e
f
fect
on
t
he
s
ource
cu
rr
e
nt
ha
rm
on
ic
el
i
m
i
nation,
(2)
the
3
-
phase
,
4W
ir
e
SA
P
F
com
pen
sat
e
t
he
neu
tral
cu
rr
e
nt
eff
ect
ively
,
(
3)
t
he
TH
D
%
of
the
s
ource
curre
nt
is wit
hin t
he
st
a
nd
a
r
d
li
m
it
s.
ACKN
OWLE
DGE
MENTS
I
would
li
ke
t
o
e
xpress
m
y
deep
ly
gr
at
it
ude
a
nd
a
pprec
ia
ti
on
to
Pro
f.
D
r.
Ham
dy
Sale
h
K
halil
El
-
G
oh
a
ry
,
w
ho
ch
oose
the
top
ic
of
the
the
sis,
giv
e
al
l
req
ui
red
gu
i
delines,
s
upport
a
nd
assist
a
nce
durin
g
the
whole
per
i
od
of
pre
par
at
ion
of
the
thesi
s
.
Finall
y,
I
grat
efu
ll
y
ackno
wled
ge
an
d
th
ank
m
y
par
ents
and
wife
for
t
heir p
at
ie
nce, under
s
ta
nd
in
g
a
nd e
nc
oura
g
em
ent d
ur
i
ng the
resea
rch pe
rio
d.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
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2088
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8708
In
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p
En
g,
V
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4
,
A
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t
2020
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3967
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3977
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ra
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z
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,
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A
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ct
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Design
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ve
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i
l
t
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r
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s
i
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M
A
T
L
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B
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o
r
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i
n
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
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f
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a
r
m
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c
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”
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t
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a
t
i
o
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l
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o
u
r
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a
l
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f
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n
g
i
n
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e
r
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n
g
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e
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h
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2018
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ng
Xiao
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Hao
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u,
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W
ang,
“
Para
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at
ion
o
f
h
y
brid
ac
t
ive
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t
er
wit
h
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fi
lt
er
or
ca
p
ac
i
tor
s,”
2005
IE
EE
/
PE
S
Tr
ansm
issi
on
&
Di
stributi
on
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renc
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E
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G
Zha
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N
G
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eng,
“
Acti
ve
Po
wer
Filt
er
Desig
n
and
Sim
ula
ti
o
n
b
y
Com
bin
ing
L
abVIE
W
and
Sim
uli
nk,
”
2011
Inte
rnational
Co
nfe
renc
e
on
Advance
d
Powe
r
Sy
stem
Aut
omatio
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ara
ja
Jos
hi,
Mulla
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ar
M
ubar
ak,
Anike
t
Dhm
anga
onkar
,
“
Design
&
Sim
ula
ti
on
of
Shunt Ac
ti
ve
Pow
er
Fi
lt
er
Us
ing
P
-
Q
The
or
y
f
or
Pow
er
Quali
t
y
Im
prove
m
e
nt,
”
Int
ernati
ona
l
Journal
of
Industrial
El
e
ct
roni
cs
and
El
ec
tri
ca
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“
Inve
stigation
and
Design
of
an
Acti
ve
Pow
er
Filt
er
for
PQ
Iss
ue
at
QU
CE
ST
La
rka
na
Ca
m
pus
Us
ing
M
at
l
ab/
Sim
uli
nk
,
”
2016
IEE
E
Inte
rnational
Conf
ere
nce
on
Pow
er
Syste
m Tec
hno
lo
gy
(
POWE
RCON)
,
W
oll
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NS
W
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e
l
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Ti
tu
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cul
esc
u
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L
eon
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ana
,
and
Al
ina
Danie
l
a
Handra,
“
Sim
ula
ti
on
of
power
ac
t
ive
filt
er
using
insta
nt
a
neous
rea
c
ti
ve
p
ower
the
or
y
,
”
2
014
16th
Inte
rnational
Conf
ere
nce
on
Har
monics
and
Quality
of
P
ower
(
ICHQ
P
)
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[13]
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sin
h
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ama,
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eg
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s for
har
m
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m
it
igatio
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and
pow
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f
ac
t
or
cor
re
ction
usi
ng
shunt
ac
ti
v
e
fi
lter
under
va
r
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ti
ons
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”
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tric
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rg
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Standard
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s
Under
Sinusoidal
,
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inusoida
l,
Bal
a
ce
d,
or
Unbala
n
ce
d
Condi
tions
,
IEE
E
st
and
ard
1459
TM
-
201
0
,
IEEE
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rg
y
Soc
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ar
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Pow
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,
”
2015
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r,
C
omm
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y
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d
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”
2004
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E
M
TT
-
S
Inte
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Mic
rowave
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st (
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M
ura
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,
D. N
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gin,
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Za
m
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van
W
aa
sen,
“
Modeling
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Sim
ula
ti
on
of
Digit
a
l
Phase
-
Loc
ked
Loop
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Simul
ink,”
2018
15th
Inte
rnational
C
onfe
renc
e
on
S
y
nthe
sis,
Mod
el
in
g,
Ana
ly
sis
and
Simulat
ion
M
et
h
ods
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i
ca
ti
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irc
ui
t
Design
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1
-
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9,
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[18]
Abhishek
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,
Prana
l
i
Choudhari
,
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Anit
a
Jadha
v,
“
Com
par
ison
and
Sim
ula
ti
on
of
Analog
and
Digit
al
Phase
Loc
ked
Loop
,
”
2018
9th
Inte
rnational
Confe
re
nce
on
Computi
ng,
Comm
unic
at
ion
and
Net
working
Technol
og
i
es
(
ICCCNT
)
,
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lore,
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.
1
-
4
,
2018.
[19]
Moham
m
ad
Sad
egh
Karba
sforoo
shan,
Moham
m
ad
Monfare
d,
“
D
esign
and
imple
m
ent
at
ion
of
a
si
ngle
-
phase
shunt
ac
t
ive
power
filter
b
ase
d
on
P
Q
the
or
y
for
cu
rre
nt
h
armonic
compensat
ion
in
elec
tr
ic
d
istri
b
uti
on
ne
twor
ks,
”
IECON
2017
-
4
3rd A
nnual
Con
f
ere
nce of the IEEE
Industria
l
E
l
ec
troni
cs
Societ
y
,
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ij
ing
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[20]
H
i
r
o
f
u
m
i
A
k
a
g
i
,
Y
o
s
h
i
h
i
r
a
K
a
n
a
z
a
w
a
,
A
k
i
r
a
N
a
b
a
e
,
“
I
n
s
t
a
n
t
a
n
e
o
u
s
R
e
a
c
t
i
v
e
P
o
w
e
r
C
o
m
p
e
n
s
a
t
o
r
C
o
m
p
r
i
s
i
n
g
S
w
i
t
c
h
i
n
g
D
e
v
i
c
e
s
w
i
t
h
o
u
t
E
n
e
r
g
y
S
t
o
r
a
g
e
C
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
,
”
i
n
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
I
n
d
u
s
t
r
y
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
A
-
2
0
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
6
2
5
-
6
3
0
,
M
a
y
1
9
8
4
.
[21]
Kale
,
M.,
&
O
zde
m
ir,
“
A
nov
el
ad
aptive
h
y
s
te
resis
b
and
cu
rre
nt
cont
rol
le
r
for
shunt
a
ct
i
ve
power
f
il
t
er,”
Proce
ed
ings
of
2003
IEE
E
Co
nfe
renc
e
on
Co
ntrol
Applicatio
ns,
2003.
CCA
2003
,
Ist
anbul
,
Turkey
,
vol
.
2,
pp.
1118
-
1123
,
2003.
[22]
SIM
ULINK
:
“
T
he
D
y
namic
S
y
s
te
m
Sim
ula
ti
on
Software
-
Us
er’
s
Guide,
”
MathW
orks Inc
orpor
ated
,
Apr.
1993.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.