Int
ern
at
i
onal
Journ
al of Ele
ctrical
an
d
Co
mput
er
En
gin
eeri
ng
(IJ
E
C
E)
Vo
l.
8
,
No.
6
,
D
ece
m
ber
201
8,
pp. 517
8~51
84
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8708
,
DOI: 10
.11
591/
ijece
.
v8
i
6
.
pp5178
-
51
84
5178
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core
.c
om/
journa
ls
/i
ndex.
ph
p/IJECE
Emp
loyee P
erfor
manc
e Me
asure
ment in
Telewor
kin
g U
si
ng
Balance
d Scorec
ar
d
Sunu Su
gi
Ar
so
1
, Sfenri
ant
o
S
fenri
an
t
o
2
,
Mo
c
hama
d W
ahyudi
3
1
PT.
Mitr
a
In
te
r
gra
si I
nform
atik
a,
Indon
esia
2
Inform
at
ion
S
y
s
te
m
s Mana
geme
nt
Depa
r
tment,
BINU
S Gradua
te
Program
–
Ma
ster
of Inform
at
i
on
S
y
stems
Mana
gement, Bina
Nus
ant
ar
a
Un
ive
rsit
y
,
Indon
esia
3
Master
of
Com
pute
r
Sc
ie
nc
e
-
P
ostgradua
t
e
Prog
rams
STMIK
Nu
sa
Mandiri,
Indo
nesia
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
N
ov
13
, 201
7
Re
vised
Ju
l
2
4
,
201
8
Accepte
d
Aug 7
, 2
01
8
Ke
y
Perform
ance
Indicat
or
(KP
I)
m
ust
be
al
igned
with
the
d
eve
l
opm
ent
o
f
the
orga
ni
za
t
ion
.
PT.
Mitra
Intr
egr
asi
Inform
at
i
ka
(MII)
in
it
s
deve
lopment
dec
id
ed
to
cha
n
ge
the
tra
d
it
ion
al
wa
y
of
work
to
m
oder
n
tele
work.
Thi
s
enc
oura
g
es
companie
s
to
adj
ust
emplo
y
ee
’s
KP
I
from
the
tra
dit
i
onal
wa
y
of
work
turns
in
t
o
te
l
ework.
In
orde
r
to
p
erf
or
m
KP
I
m
ea
surem
ent
of
it
s
emplo
y
ee
s
base
d
on
teleworki
ng,
thi
s
r
ese
ar
c
h
uses
bal
an
ced
score
c
ard
m
et
hod
appr
oa
c
h
tha
t
is
b
y
t
a
king
int
o
accou
nt
fina
n
cial,
cu
stom
er,
and
int
ern
al
busin
ess
proc
ess
and
lear
ning
and
growth
per
spec
ti
ve
.
Th
e
result
s
o
f
thi
s
stud
y
are
th
e
design
propos
al
KP
I
emplo
y
e
es
to
accom
m
od
at
e
te
l
ework
at
the
compan
y
.
The
n
KP
I
empl
o
y
e
e
t
est
result
s
show
ed
an
inc
r
ea
se
in
th
e
ave
rag
e
v
al
ue
of
the
emplo
y
e
e
K
PI
of
0.
295
poin
ts
(9.
47%)
of
th
e
old
KP
I.
Thus,
i
t
is
re
comm
ende
d
to
the com
pan
y
to
impl
e
m
ent
the e
m
plo
yee
KP
I.
Ke
yw
or
d:
Ba
la
nced
Scor
ecard
Key Pe
rfor
m
ance Ind
ic
at
or
Mob
il
e
Office
Tel
ework
i
ng
Copyright
©
201
8
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Sf
e
nr
ia
nt
o
S
fe
nr
ia
nto
,
Inform
at
ion
System
s Manag
e
m
ent D
epa
rtm
ent,
BIN
US
Gr
a
du
at
e Program
–
Ma
ste
r
of
Infor
m
at
ion
Syste
m
s Mana
gem
ent,
Bi
na
N
us
a
ntar
a Unive
rsity
,
1148
0
,
J
aka
rta,
Ind
on
esi
a.
Em
a
il
:
s
fen
rian
to@
binus.e
du
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
Re
search
sho
w
s
that
te
le
w
ork
ge
ner
al
ly
inc
r
eases
jo
b
perform
ance
and
pr
oductivit
y
[
1].
Tel
ework
is
a
m
od
el
or
wa
y
of
w
orki
ng
wh
e
re
em
plo
ye
es
gai
n
th
e
fl
exibili
ty
of
w
orki
ng
in
te
rm
s
of
place
a
nd
tim
e
of
work
with
the
help
of
te
le
co
m
m
un
ic
at
ion
te
chnolo
gy.
Thi
s
ne
w
way
of
work
i
ng
can
be
m
utu
al
ly
ben
efit
ti
ng
betwee
n
em
plo
ye
rs
a
nd
em
plo
ye
es
by
d
ecr
easi
ng
orga
niz
at
ion
al
an
d
la
bor
c
os
ts
wh
il
e
increasi
ng
posit
ive
work
-
li
fe
balan
ce. T
hese m
utua
l ben
e
fits m
ay
increase
jo
b
sa
ti
sfacti
on
a
nd
orga
nizat
ion
al
com
m
itm
ent [
2]
.
Com
pan
ie
s
ga
in
m
any
ben
ef
it
s
fr
om
e
m
plo
yi
ng
te
le
work
e
rs.
F
or
e
xam
pl
e
:
The
te
chnolo
gies
s
uc
h
as:
m
ob
il
e
[3
]
-
[
5],
m
ob
il
e
of
fice
[
6]
,
[
7],
and
i
nter
net
[8
]
-
[
10]
are
use
d
to
im
pr
ove
the
pro
duct
iv
it
y
and
eff
ic
ie
ncy
of
m
ob
il
e
wo
r
ke
r
s.
T
hen,
em
plo
yi
ng
te
le
w
orker
s
re
duces
t
he
c
os
t
of
ove
rh
ea
d
for
offic
e
sp
ace
[
11
]
,
com
m
ute
tim
es
[
12
]
,
traff
ic
,
a
bs
entee
is
m
[
13
]
,
tur
nove
r
rates
[
14
]
.
Com
pan
ie
s
that
al
low
te
le
worki
ng
al
so
pro
j
ect
a
sta
te
-
of
-
the
-
art
im
age
by
e
m
plo
yi
ng
m
od
er
n
work
pr
act
ic
es
[
15
]
.
Finall
y,
te
le
wo
r
king
be
nef
it
s
e
m
plo
ye
es
by
giv
in
g
them
flexibili
ty
and
f
reedom
to
wo
r
k
f
ro
m
wh
ere
ver
a
nd
w
hene
ver
t
hey
wa
nt
wh
il
e
creati
ng sati
sfa
ct
ion
bo
t
h on t
he job a
nd at t
he ho
m
e [
11
]
,
[
14
].
Tel
ework
has
bee
n
widely
app
li
ed
in
va
r
iou
s
com
pan
ie
s,
on
e
of
w
hich
is
PT.
Mi
tra
I
nte
gr
asi
Inform
at
ika
(MII
)
.
The
C
om
pan
y
had
be
en
im
ple
m
ented
te
le
work
f
or
about
4
y
ear
s.
The
pu
rpose
of
ap
plied
te
le
wo
r
k
is
to
m
axi
m
iz
e
the
r
egu
la
ti
on
of
th
e
us
e
of
m
ob
il
e
em
plo
ye
es
w
ork
ti
m
e,
bo
t
h
inside
a
nd
outsi
de
the
office.
W
it
h
t
he
set
po
li
cy
an
d
te
le
wor
k
syst
e
m
wo
r
king
te
rm
s,
then
em
plo
ye
es
ca
n
pe
rfor
m
ta
sk
s
an
d
jo
bs
op
ti
m
u
m
.
Howe
ve
r,
since
te
le
work
i
ng
ha
d
bee
n
a
pp
li
e
d,
t
her
e
has
be
en
no
a
dju
st
m
ent
to
key
e
m
plo
ye
e
perform
ance
ind
ic
at
or
(
KPI)
m
easur
em
ent.Th
e
c
om
pan
y
do
e
s
not
ye
t
hav
e
KPI
em
plo
ye
e
m
easur
e
m
ents
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
& C
om
p
Eng
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8708
Em
plo
yee P
erf
or
m
ance Me
asurem
ent i
n
Tel
ew
or
ki
ng
Using B
alance
d Sc
or
ec
ar
d
(
Sfenri
an
t
o Sfenri
an
t
o
)
5179
relat
ing
to
the
i
m
ple
m
entat
i
on
of
t
el
ew
ork
.
In
a
ddit
ion,
the
cu
rr
e
nt
KP
I
m
easur
em
ent
do
es
not
us
e
t
he
balance
d
sco
r
ecard
m
et
ho
d.
This
stud
y
is
to
pro
vid
e
com
pan
ie
s
with
a
proposal
on
K
PI
em
plo
ye
e
m
easur
em
ent desi
gn u
si
ng b
al
anced sc
or
eca
r
ds
for
m
ob
il
e e
m
plo
ye
es.
Kap
la
n
a
nd
Norto
n
fi
nd
perform
ance
m
easurem
ent
by
c
on
si
der
i
ng
f
our
a
spe
ct
s:
fina
ncial
,
custom
er,
internal
busi
ne
ss
process
a
nd
le
arn
in
g
an
d
grow
t
h
[16
]
.
The
ap
proac
h
is
the
Ba
la
nced
Sc
or
eca
rd
w
hich
pro
vid
es
a
c
om
pr
ehen
sive
f
ram
ewo
rk
that
can
tra
ns
la
te
the
com
pan
y'
s
strat
egic
obje
ct
ives
into
overall
com
pan
y
pe
rfor
m
ance
m
ea
s
ur
em
ent.
Ba
la
nced
Sc
or
eca
r
d
is
one
to
ol
t
hat
al
lo
ws
m
a
nag
em
ent
to
t
r
ack
th
e
resu
lt
s
of f
i
nanci
al
p
erfo
rm
ance and sim
ultan
eo
us
ly
ov
e
rse
e the
pro
gr
ess
of the c
om
pany
'
s g
rowth
i
n g
ener
al
.
In
pe
rfor
m
ance
m
easur
e
m
ent,
it
is
ver
y
im
po
rta
nt
to
m
ake
the
sel
ect
ion
of
a
ppr
opriat
e
perform
ance
m
easur
es
direc
tl
y
relat
ed
to
the
com
pan
y'
s
strat
egic
obje
ct
ives.
T
he
pr
oc
ess
of
determ
i
ning
the
m
easur
em
ent
of
KPI
m
us
t
be
obj
ect
iv
e.
T
o
m
ake
it
easi
er
to
rem
e
m
be
r
usi
ng
the
te
r
m
SMART
[
17
]
.
S
pecific
is
sever
a
l
determ
inants
that
m
us
t
exist
in
the
siz
e
to
be
a
pp
li
ed
a
nd
m
us
t
be
s
pecific.
Me
asu
ra
ble
m
eans
it
sh
ould
be
m
easur
able
by
us
in
g
a
ppr
opr
ia
te
m
easur
em
ent
in
dicat
or
s
to
eval
uate
suc
cess,
re
view
,
and
f
uture
c
orrecti
ve
act
ion
s.
Ach
ie
vab
le
is
to
det
erm
ine
the
ob
je
ct
ives
that
can
be
ac
hieve
d.
Re
al
ist
ic
ta
rg
et
achievem
ent
will
us
ua
ll
y
be
m
or
e
chall
en
ging,
bu
t
le
ss
chall
e
ng
i
ng
if
the
li
ke
li
ho
od
of
s
uc
cess
is
sm
al
l.
Ti
m
e
-
based
m
eans
the
per
i
od
s
pecifi
ed
to
m
ake
a
n
assessm
ent
of
bu
si
ness
a
chievem
ent.
Thu
s
,
the
stu
dy
hav
e
rec
omm
end
ed
de
vel
op
i
ng KP
Is usin
g
a
b
al
a
nced sc
or
eca
rd
[1
8
]
.
2.
RESEA
R
CH MET
HO
D
2
.
1.
P
erf
orm
ance
M
e
asure
ment
B
as
ed
on
Bal
an
ced
Sc
oreca
r
d
(BSC)
BSC
is
a
per
f
or
m
ance
evalu
at
ion
syst
em
m
ade
especial
ly
fo
r
12
com
pan
ie
s
in
Am
erica
[
1
8
]
.
Th
e
card
i
nal
pur
pose
of
BSC
is
to
rep
la
ce
tra
diti
on
al
pe
rfo
r
m
ance
syst
e
m
fo
c
us
in
g
on
assessi
ng
one
sing
le
fina
ncial
ind
ex
to
ob
ta
in m
or
e adequate and
com
elier p
erfo
rm
ance ev
al
uation
m
od
el
. Th
i
s co
nce
pt g
et
s o
ut of
the
tradit
io
nal
perf
or
m
ance
evaluati
on
m
od
el
m
erely
based
on
fina
nci
al
accou
ntin
g.
For
BSC
,
fin
ancial
per
s
pecti
ve
is
sti
ll
the
cor
e
of
perf
or
m
ance
evaluati
on
but
the
ot
her
f
our
pe
rs
pecti
ve
s
su
c
h
as
cu
s
tom
er,
industrial
pr
oc
ess,
le
ar
ning
a
nd
gro
wth
of
e
m
plo
ye
es
sh
ou
ld
be
inclu
de
d
in
as
well
to
e
na
ble
the
perf
orm
ance
evaluati
on m
eth
od t
o be m
or
e
b
al
ance
d an
d al
so
hav
i
ng the
eff
ect
iv
eness
of enc
oura
ging
org
a
nizat
ions
.
Finan
ci
al
per
s
pecti
ve.
T
his
pe
rsp
ect
ive
re
flect
s
the
past
op
e
rati
ng
pe
rfor
m
ance
of
a
com
pan
y
includi
ng
t
he
achievem
ent
of
set
ti
ng
up
a
fina
ncial
ta
rg
e
t
and
the
im
pl
e
m
enta
ti
on
of
execu
ti
ng
strat
egies
.
Th
ough
this,
it
cou
ld
be
see
n
w
hether
org
anizat
ion
s
gain
gro
wth,
r
et
urn
an
d
ris
k
co
ntr
ol
fr
om
op
e
rati
ng
strat
egies.
T
he
ind
ic
es
of
ev
a
luati
on
usual
ly
con
ta
in
operat
ing
inc
om
e,
operati
ng
c
os
ts,
r
et
urn
on
in
vest
m
ent
,
net pr
of
it
rate,
cash
flo
ws, et
c.
Custom
er
pers
pecti
ve.
For
e
m
ph
asi
zi
ng
the
m
ark
et
segm
e
ntati
on
of
c
us
tom
ers,
orga
niz
at
ion
s
s
houl
d
util
iz
e
their
int
rinsic
ad
van
ta
ge
s
and
res
ourc
es
to
disti
nguish
the
dif
fer
e
nc
es
with
their
com
petit
or
s.
Th
e
core
m
easur
em
ents
include
m
a
rk
et
sh
are
rati
o,
a
cqu
i
rem
ent
of
custom
ers,
co
ntinu
at
io
n
of
c
us
tom
ers,
cust
om
er
sat
isfact
ion
,
and
prof
it
abili
ty
o
f
cu
st
om
ers.
In
te
r
nal
proce
ss
per
s
pecti
ve.
In
this
persp
ect
ive,
it
add
r
esses
the
inter
nal
op
e
rati
ng
process
of
orga
nizat
ion
s
t
hat
ha
ve
to
f
ol
low
a
pla
n
of
op
e
rati
ng
stra
te
gies
m
ade
by
the
m
and
al
so
do
thei
r
be
st
to
achieve
t
he
ex
pectat
ion
s
of
c
us
tom
ers
an
d
sh
are
holde
rs.
The
whole
pro
cess
is
sta
rting
from
un
de
rstand
i
ng
custom
er
requ
irem
ents,
inn
ovat
ion
proce
ss
,
operati
ng
process,
a
fter
-
sa
le
s
serv
ic
e
a
nd
fi
nally
achieves
custom
er r
e
qu
i
rem
ents to
est
ablish e
valuati
on in
dices t
hrough all
these.
Learn
i
ng
an
d
gro
wth
per
s
pecti
ve.
If
organ
iz
at
io
ns
w
ant
to
ha
ve
su
sta
ina
ble
op
erati
on
a
nd
dev
el
op
m
ent,
they
sh
oul
d
re
ly
on
co
ntin
ua
l
inn
ovat
io
n
and
gro
wth.
C
om
pan
ie
s
shou
l
d
pe
rsist
on
so
m
e
pr
i
nciples
su
c
h
as
en
han
ci
ng
the
a
bili
ties
of
em
plo
ye
es,
the
pe
rfor
m
ance
of
i
nfor
m
at
ion
syst
e
m
s,
encou
rag
em
ent, the
c
onsist
enc
e o
f
au
t
hority
, etc.
This
per
s
pe
ct
ive inclu
des
thr
ee m
ai
n
core evaluati
on c
r
it
eria
and
t
hey
are
sat
isfact
ion
of
e
m
plo
ye
es,
c
on
ti
nuat
io
n
of
e
m
plo
ye
es,
a
nd
pro
duct
ivit
ie
s
of
em
plo
ye
es.
Orga
nizat
ion
s
sh
oul
d
est
ablis
h per
form
ance ev
al
uatio
n
i
nd
i
ces thr
ough t
he
se thr
ee
crite
ri
a.
The
n,
the
stu
dy
us
e
existi
ng
tradit
ion
al
KP
I
set
by
the
co
m
pan
y
to
m
ea
su
re
em
plo
ye
e
perform
ance.
The
i
niti
al
sta
ge
in
co
nduct
ing
t
his
re
sea
rch
is
ide
ntifyi
ng
t
he
e
xisti
ng
pro
blem
s.
Wh
e
re
t
he
prob
le
m
identifie
d
at
th
e
be
ginnin
g
is
that
the
c
om
pan
y
does
not
ha
ve
a
pro
du
ct
iv
it
y
m
easur
e
m
e
nt
m
od
el
relat
ed
t
o
the
im
ple
m
entat
ion
of
m
ob
il
e
office
poli
cy
in
the
c
orp
or
at
e
en
vironm
ent.
Wh
ere
t
he
co
m
pan
y
do
es
no
t
know
for
s
ur
e
the
su
c
cessf
ul im
ple
mentat
ion
of m
ob
il
e office t
hat
su
pp
or
ts
em
plo
ye
e p
r
oductivit
y.
The
n
on
ne
xt
s
ta
ge
the
aut
hor
will
first
perform
an
evaluati
on
of
t
he
cu
rr
e
nt
m
od
el
.
T
he
current
KP
I
m
easur
em
ents
do
not
in
vo
l
ve
m
easur
in
g
the
us
e
of
m
ob
il
e
office
te
ch
no
l
ogy.
T
he
c
urrent
m
easur
em
ent
is
(1)
Targ
et
Gross
Pr
ofi
t
is
ta
rg
et
achievem
ent
in
the
cu
rr
e
nt
ye
ar
recor
ded
in
the
SAP
syst
e
m
;
(2
)
.
Pe
r
so
na
l
dev
el
op
m
ent:
Ce
rtific
at
ion
on
p
r
oduct
/
so
l
ution
trai
ning
and
s
olu
ti
on
Pre
sentat
ion
is
ta
rg
et
of
certi
ficat
ion
of
pro
du
ct
trai
ning
/
trai
ni
ng
sol
ution
fo
ll
owe
d
up
t
o
fiscal
ye
ar
of
the
c
urren
t
ye
ar
,
a
nd
co
nduct
S
ol
utio
n
Pr
ese
ntati
on
(
c
on
ce
ptu
al
IT
r
el
at
ed
m
at
erial)
;
(3
)
S
olu
ti
on
sel
li
ng
is
ta
rg
et
sel
li
ng
so
luti
on
f
uture
busines
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
87
08
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
8
, N
o.
6
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
5178
-
5184
5180
plan
to
c
us
tom
er;(4)
Tar
get
pro
posal
s
relat
ed
to
im
pr
ov
em
ent
or
de
velo
pm
ent,
or
a
new
thing
th
at
has
value
add
e
d
c
reati
vel
y i
n
al
l aspect
s
of wo
rk.
The
n,
i
nter
vie
w
with
s
om
e
Boa
rd
of
Di
rectors.
The
f
or
m
ulati
on
o
f
strat
egic
m
aps
has
bee
n
cond
ucted
sev
eral
tim
es
intervie
ws
with
m
anag
em
ent.
M
at
erial
s
discussi
on
of
inte
rv
i
ews
s
urr
ounding
th
e
visio
n
and
m
i
ssion,
poli
ci
es
that
exist
wit
hin
the
orga
ni
zat
ion
.
T
he
form
ulati
on
of
the
strat
egic
m
ap
is
exp
ect
e
d
t
o
ass
ist
in
determ
ining t
he
ta
rg
et
s
that exist i
n
the
Ba
la
nced
Scor
ecard
.
2
.
2
.
St
r
at
e
gic
Map
The
process
of
form
ulati
ng
a
strat
egy
m
ap
Key
Per
form
a
nce
I
ndic
at
or,
in
ge
ner
al
,
m
us
t
be
in
li
ne
with
the
visio
n
and
m
issi
on
of
the
c
om
pan
y.
In
acc
orda
nce
with
the
pe
rspect
ive
of
t
he
B
al
anced
Score
Ca
rd
descr
i
bed
in
st
ud
y
[
16
]
,
the
Com
pan
y'
s
vision
a
nd
m
is
sio
n
m
us
t
dev
el
op
int
o
a
c
orpor
at
e
strat
egy
th
at
m
us
t
be fo
rm
ulate
d
into m
easur
es
a
nd ob
j
ect
ives c
on
sist
e
nt w
it
h t
he
c
om
pan
y'
s strategy.
Strate
gic
m
appi
ng
is
create
d
by
the
orga
niz
at
ion
.
A
strat
e
gy
m
ap
is
a
si
m
ple
gr
ap
hic
t
hat
s
hows
a
log
ic
al
,
cause
-
and
-
ef
fect
co
nnect
ion
betwe
en
strat
egic
ob
j
ect
ives
(s
how
n
as
oval
s
on
the
m
ap)
.
Ge
ne
rall
y
sp
ea
king,
im
pr
ov
i
ng
perform
ance
in
the
ob
j
ect
ives
f
ound
in
the
Or
ga
ni
zat
ion
al
Ca
pac
it
y
per
sp
ect
ive
(the
bo
tt
om
ro
w
)
e
nab
le
s
the
orga
nizat
ion
to
im
pr
ove
it
s
In
te
r
na
l
Pr
oce
ss
per
s
pe
ct
ive
(the
ne
xt
ro
w
up),
wh
i
ch,
in
tur
n,
e
na
bles
t
he
orga
nizat
ion
to
create
des
irable
re
su
lt
s
i
n
the
Cust
om
e
r
a
nd
Fina
ncial
pe
rsp
ect
iv
es
(
the
to
p
two
rows
).
Fig
ur
e
1,
sho
ws
t
he
dev
el
op
e
d
s
trat
egic
m
ap
of
MI
I.
Sta
rt
f
r
om
bo
tt
om
is
l
earn
i
ng
an
d
grow
i
ng
per
s
pecti
ve
fac
tor
that
will
im
pact
inter
nal
proces
s
pe
rsp
e
ct
ive.
T
he
inter
na
l
pr
oc
ess
pe
rs
pecti
ve
will
i
m
pact
on cu
st
om
er s
at
isfact
ion
. A
nd cu
stom
er s
at
isfact
ion at
the e
nd w
il
l res
ult fi
nan
ci
al
per
s
pe
ct
ive that is
busines
s
i
m
pact.
Figure
1.
T
he
r
es
ult o
f form
ul
at
ing
strate
gy
m
ap
Ba
sed
on
F
ig
ure
1
the
strat
eg
ic
m
ap
detai
le
d
descr
i
bes
fin
ancial
pe
rsp
ect
ive,
c
us
tom
er
per
s
pecti
ve
,
internal
proces
s
perspecti
ve
a
nd
le
a
rn
i
ng
an
d
gr
ow
t
h
pe
rs
pe
ct
ive.
Fina
nci
al
per
s
pecti
ve
of
gross
pro
fit
is
the
m
ai
n
ta
r
get
of
em
plo
ye
e
per
f
or
m
ance
m
easur
em
ent.
T
he
m
easur
ed
t
arg
et
is
G
r
os
s
Profit
sal
es
whose
cal
culat
ion
s
a
r
e
with
dr
a
w
n
f
r
om
the
SA
P
sy
stem
.
Gross
Profit
in
quest
io
n
is
the
value
re
su
lt
ing
f
ro
m
the
sal
e
after
deducti
ng
the c
os
ts i
nc
ur
red.
Custom
er
per
s
pecti
ve
is
a
m
easur
e
of
ho
w
a
serv
ic
e
pro
vid
e
d
by
a
com
pan
y
m
eet
s
or
exce
eds
custom
er
exp
e
ct
at
ion
s.
It
is
i
m
po
rtant
beca
us
e
it
pr
ovides
m
ark
et
ers
and
bu
sine
ss
own
ers
with
the
m
e
tric
s
they
can
us
e
to
i
m
pr
ove
cust
om
er
sat
isfact
i
on
.
Th
us
,
c
us
t
om
er
sat
isfact
i
on
s
urvey
is
a
way
to
get
cus
tom
er
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
& C
om
p
Eng
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8708
Em
plo
yee P
erf
or
m
ance Me
asurem
ent i
n
Tel
ew
or
ki
ng
Using B
alance
d Sc
or
ec
ar
d
(
Sfenri
an
t
o Sfenri
an
t
o
)
5181
feedbac
k.
F
rom
the
answ
er
s
to
the
set
of
quest
io
ns
th
e
su
r
vey
will
know
t
he
rat
ing
of
sal
es
s
erv
ic
e
(r
a
nting i
nde
x).
In
te
r
nal
proces
s
pe
rsp
ect
ive
s
are
(
1)
Sale
s
C
yc
le
is
the
par
t
w
her
e
em
plo
ye
es
are
e
xpect
ed
to
be
a
ble
to
pr
ocess
sal
e
s
cy
cl
e
eff
ic
ie
nt
ly
.
Ther
e
are s
ever
al
v
a
riable
s,
nam
ely:
Utiliza
ti
on
CR
M,
s
el
li
ng
pr
ocess
cy
cl
e,
con
t
ract
do
c
um
ent,
and
in
voic
e.
As
e
xp
ec
t
ed
with
the
app
li
cat
io
n
an
d
su
pport
of
thi
s
m
ob
il
e
of
fic
e
po
li
cy
bu
si
ness
pro
ce
ss
will
be
m
ore
ef
fici
ent;
(
2)
Pr
oject
C
reati
on
is
creati
ng
ne
w
opport
un
it
ie
s
is
the
ta
rg
et
of
this
sect
ion
.
Wh
e
re
e
m
plo
ye
es
with
sel
f
-
de
vel
opm
ent
br
ie
fin
gs
bo
th
s
of
t
sk
il
l
and
certi
ficat
ion
of
pro
duct
and
so
luti
on
a
re
e
xpect
ed
to
c
reat
e
ne
w
opport
unit
ie
s.
N
o
nee
d
to
wait
f
or
the
nee
ds
of
c
us
to
m
ers,
em
plo
ye
es
are
exp
ect
e
d
t
o
be
able
t
o
dialogue
with
cus
tom
ers,
pro
vide
ne
w
views
f
or
an
op
portu
nity
to
be
m
ade;
(
3)
So
luti
on
S
el
li
ng
is
the
sect
io
n
ai
m
s
fo
r
em
plo
ye
es
a
ble
to
sel
l
so
l
utions
that
in
the
c
urren
t
ye
ar
be
com
e
a
m
ai
ns
ta
y
or
be
com
e
a
trend
or
e
ven
a
f
uture
business
pla
n;
an
d
(4)
I
nn
ov
at
io
n
is
a
ta
rg
et
that
is
not
on
ly
giv
e
n
to
em
plo
ye
es
w
ho
a
re
in
Directo
rate
of
Co
r
porate
Sal
es
bu
t
al
s
o
app
li
es
to
al
l
em
plo
ye
es.
Pr
opos
e
d
crit
eria re
fer
t
o:
1
. f
ocu
s
on o
ne
a
rea, 2.
ex
te
ns
ive
im
pact, an
d 3
. Im
pr
ov
e
com
petit
iveness
f
or
t
he
c
om
pan
y
.
Learn
i
ng
a
nd
grow
t
h
pe
rs
pe
ct
ive
are
(
1)
Ce
rtific
at
ion
on
Pro
du
ct
/S
olut
ion
is
de
velo
ped
te
c
hn
ic
al
c
apab
il
it
ie
s
to
su
pp
or
t
day
-
to
-
day
ta
sk
s
a
nd
respo
ns
ibil
it
ie
s,
especial
ly
in
m
at
te
rs
relat
in
g
to
s
up
e
rv
isi
on
an
d
m
anag
em
ent
of
em
plo
ye
es.
T
he
m
easur
e
use
d
is
the
am
ount
of
trai
ni
ng
gaine
d
to
im
prov
e
t
he
c
om
petence;
(2)
S
of
t
S
kill
Trainin
g
is
tha
t
e
m
plo
ye
es
ha
ve
the
a
bili
ty
t
o
le
ad
to
sel
f
-
de
velo
pm
ent
or
the
abili
ty
to
m
anag
e
ta
sk
s,
su
c
h
a
s
m
anag
erial
s
ki
ll
s,
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
s
kill
s,
le
ader
s
hip,
netw
orkin
g,
or
pers
on
al
de
velo
pme
nt.
In
this
case,
e
m
plo
ye
es
have
the
m
anag
erial
ski
ll
s
us
ed
to
ne
go
ti
at
e,
le
ad
s
ubord
i
nates
an
d
al
so
the
abili
ty
t
o
m
ake
decisi
ons
that
will
ult
i
m
at
ely
i
m
pr
ove
their
abili
ty
t
o
res
olv
e
pro
bl
e
m
s;
(3
)
The
be
nch
m
ark
f
or
s
trat
egic
obj
ect
ives
of
e
nh
a
ncin
g
m
anag
erial
sk
il
ls
is
the
am
ou
nt
of
m
anag
erial
trai
ning
the
e
m
plo
ye
es
get;
and
(
4)
Custom
er
Pr
of
il
ing
is
to
get
to
kn
ow
the
c
ust
om
er
bette
r,
ever
y
em
plo
ye
e
need
s
t
o
crea
te
a
custom
er
prof
il
e.
The
c
us
tom
er
prof
il
e is
us
e
d t
o
create
a
pr
oper
un
der
sta
nding
of c
us
tom
e
r beha
vior a
nd
char
act
e
risti
cs.
3.
RESU
LT
S
A
ND AN
ALYSIS
Table
1
s
how
a
pr
op
os
e
d
KP
I
for
te
le
w
orkin
g
base
d
on
st
rategic
m
a
p
an
d
each
pe
rsp
ect
ive
of
balance
d
sc
ore
card. T
he
KPI
will
b
e im
ple
m
ented
i
n
th
e
MI
I.
Table
1.
Propo
sed KP
I
f
or tel
ewor
king
Persp
ectiv
e
Strategic Ob
je
ctiv
e
KPI
Un
it of
Measu
re
m
en
t
Tar
g
et
Initiativ
es
Fin
an
cial
Gros
s
Prof
it (
End
Year
)
GP T
a
rget v
s.GP
Actu
al
%
100
Mon
th
ly
pro
g
ress
ev
alu
atio
n
Pip
elin
e r
ev
iew
Cu
sto
m
er
Increase
cu
sto
m
er
satis
f
actio
n
Cu
sto
m
er
satisf
act
io
n
in
d
ex
Ind
ex
>4
Increase
resp
o
n
se to
cus
to
m
e
r
Increase qu
alit
y
of
service
Fo
llo
w up
o
ccurre
d
issu
e
Internal
Bu
sin
ess
Proces
s
Sales Cy
cle
:
Utilizatio
n
CR
M
Data Ac
cu
rac
y
(
Pi
p
elin
e
Op
p
o
rtun
ity
)
%
80
Reg
u
larly
r
ev
iew a
n
d
inp
u
t data o
n
CRM
Sellin
g
Pr
o
cess
Cycle
Max 1
week
SO
re
ad
y
af
ter
PO
Ti
m
e
Up
d
ate as soo
n
as r
eceive P
O.
Co
n
tract
Do
cu
m
en
t
Co
n
tract
Do
c r
e
ad
y
b
ef
o
re
Project KO
M
%
Su
b
m
it
d
r
af
t
co
n
tract
as
so
o
n
as
PO
rece
iv
ed
Inv
o
ice
No
m
iss
ed
inv
o
ice on
co
m
m
itt
ed
billin
g
%
Co
llect BAST
on
ti
m
e
Project Cre
atio
n
N
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
pro
ject
Nu
m
b
e
r
1
Hav
e eng
ag
e
m
en
t
with
cus
to
m
er
an
d
p
rincip
al to crea
te
p
roject
So
lu
tio
n
Selling
Nu
m
b
e
r
o
f
so
lu
tio
n
sellin
g
Nu
m
b
e
r
3
Create new
de
m
an
d
by
h
av
in
g
en
g
ag
e
m
en
t
with
c
u
sto
m
e
r
an
d
p
rincip
al to crea
te
n
ew so
lu
tio
n
to b
e
i
m
p
l
e
m
en
ted
Inn
o
v
atio
n
Nu
m
b
e
r
o
f
su
b
m
itt
ed
in
n
o
v
atio
n
Nu
m
b
e
r
1
Dev
elo
p
id
ea fo
r
in
n
o
v
atio
n
to
i
m
p
rov
e bu
sin
ess
Leanin
g
&
Growth
I
m
p
rov
e staf
f
capab
ilities
Nu
m
b
e
r
o
f
Certif
ic
atio
n
Nu
m
b
e
r
3
Eng
ag
e
m
en
t with
p
rod
u
ct tea
m
and
p
resales f
o
r
k
n
o
wled
g
e up
d
ate
Req
u
estin
g
cer
tif
icatio
n
So
f
t Skill
T
rainin
g
Nu
m
b
e
r
2
Eng
ag
e
m
en
t
HR f
o
r
so
f
t sk
ill
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
Req
u
estin
g
so
f
t sk
i
ll tr
ain
in
g
to HR
Cu
sto
m
er
Pr
o
f
ilin
g
Nu
m
b
e
r
C
cu
sto
m
e
rs pro
f
ile collab
o
rate
with
p
resales, prod
u
ct a
n
d
deliv
ery
tea
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
87
08
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
8
, N
o.
6
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
5178
-
5184
5182
3.1.
Simul
ati
n
g
K
PI
To
c
onduct
th
e
sim
ulatio
n
of
K
PI,
10
res
ponde
nts
w
ere
i
nvolv
e
d.
T
he
s
i
m
ulati
on
m
ec
han
ism
is
to
ask
the r
es
pondents to revie
w
their r
especti
ve
K
PI
s
within t
he
eval
uation p
erio
d
of
2017. T
he
f
ollo
wing is the
si
m
ulati
on
res
ults
with
the
ne
w
KPI
desi
gn
with
the
data
of
the
res
pondents
in
vo
l
ve
d.
W
he
re
each
cel
l
i
s
fill
ed
with
data
com
ing
from
t
he
res
pondent. Th
e
n
the
data
is
cal
culat
ed
to
gen
e
rate
KPI
f
ro
m
each
resp
onde
r
as
desc
ribe
d
on
T
a
ble
2.
For
e
xam
ple
on
KP
I
ta
r
get
1
t
o
5,
res
ponde
nt
1
sim
ulati
o
n
on
fi
nan
ci
al
(F
i
n)
per
s
pecti
ve
gets
3
point
on
30
%
weig
ht,
on
c
us
tom
er
sat
isfact
ion
(C
us
t)
ge
ts
3
po
i
nt
on
15%
wei
gh
t,
on
sal
es
cy
cl
e
(BP
-
SC
)
get
4
point
on
5%
wei
gh
t,
on
process
cy
cl
e
(BP
-
PC)
get
s
4
point
on
10%
weig
ht,
on
sel
li
ng
so
luti
on
(BP
-
S
S)
get
4
point
on
1
0%
weig
ht
,
on
i
nnovat
ion
(BP
-
I
N
)
gets 3
point
on
15
%
w
ei
ght,
on
te
chn
ic
a
l
certi
ficat
ion
(
L
G
-
TC
)
gets
2
po
i
nt
on
5%
w
ei
gh
t,
on
s
oft
sk
il
l
(BP
-
S
K)
gets
4
po
i
nt
on
5%
weig
ht,
and
on
custom
er profil
ing
(L
G
-
CP
) g
et
s 3
point
on
5% wei
ght. T
he
total
K
P
I
cal
culat
ion
of this
r
es
pondent is
3.3.
Table
2
.
Ne
w KPI De
sig
n
Si
m
ula
ti
on
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
ts
Tar
g
et
KPI
Fin
Cu
st
BP
-
SC
BP
-
PC
BP
-
SS
BP
-
IN
LG
-
TC
LG
-
SK
LG
-
CP
30%
15%
5%
10%
10%
15%
5%
5%
5%
100%
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 1
3
3
4
4
4
3
2
4
3
3
.3
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 2
3
3
2
3
2
2
4
2
2
2
.7
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
2
2
.9
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 4
4
3
2
3
5
3
5
5
5
3
.8
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 5
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
2
.9
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 6
4
4
3
3
4
3
4
4
4
3
.7
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 7
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
5
3
.0
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 8
5
5
5
5
5
3
5
5
5
4
.7
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 9
3
4
4
4
4
3
5
4
2
3
.5
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 10
4
3
5
5
3
3
5
5
5
3
.9
3.2.
C
ompari
n
g
Old
KPI
an
d N
ew
KPI
Re
fer
to
old
K
PI
that
on
ly
ca
lc
ulati
on
of
fin
ancial
(F
in
),
te
chn
ic
al
s
kill
(TC),
sel
li
ng
sol
ution
(S
S
)
,
and
i
nnovat
io
n
(IN).
This
is
de
fer
from
the
new
K
PI
for
te
le
wor
king.
T
o
pro
ve
that
the
r
e
is
an
im
pr
ove
m
ent
on
the
ne
w
KPI
f
ro
m
the
old
KP
I
,
t
he
old
KP
I
wa
s
sim
ul
at
ed
as
well
.
T
he
res
ult
of
the
old
K
PI
sim
ul
at
ion
i
s
sh
ow
on Ta
ble
3.
The
n
i
n
T
a
bl
e 4
s
how
the c
om
par
ison bet
ween ol
d KP
I
r
esult an
d ne
w KPI.
Table
3
.
Old K
PI
Sim
ulati
on
Re
sp
on
den
ts
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t
s
Tar
g
et
KPI
Fin
TC
SS
IN
40%
30%
15%
15%
100%
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 1
3
2
2
2
2
.4
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 2
3
2
2
2
2
.4
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 3
3
3
1
1
2
.4
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 4
4
2
5
3
3
.4
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 5
3
3
3
2
2
.9
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 6
3
4
4
3
3
.5
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 7
3
3
3
2
2
.9
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 8
5
5
5
3
4
.7
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 9
3
5
3
3
3
.6
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 10
4
2
3
3
3
.1
Table
4
.
C
om
par
iso
n betwee
n Ol
d
an
d Ne
w KPI Re
spo
nde
nt
s
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t
s
Old
KPI
New K
PI
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 1
2
.4
3
.25
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 2
2
.4
2
.65
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 3
2
.4
2
.85
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 4
3
.4
3
.75
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 5
2
.85
2
.85
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 6
3
.45
3
.7
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 7
2
.85
2
.95
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 8
4
.7
4
.7
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 9
3
.6
3
.5
Res
p
o
n
d
e
n
t 10
3
.1
3
.9
Av
erage
3
.11
5
3
.41
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
Elec
& C
om
p
Eng
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8708
Em
plo
yee P
erf
or
m
ance Me
asurem
ent i
n
Tel
ew
or
ki
ng
Using B
alance
d Sc
or
ec
ar
d
(
Sfenri
an
t
o Sfenri
an
t
o
)
5183
Ba
sed
o
n
T
abl
e 4
, r
es
ult com
par
is
on
of
the
aver
a
ge
val
ue
betwee
n
the o
l
d
KPI and n
e
w
K
PI
, th
e
re is
an
inc
rease
of
0.295
points
(
9.47%).
Fig
ur
e
2
,
sho
ws
re
s
ult
com
par
iso
n
of
ol
d
K
PI
an
d
new
KPI.
It
can
be
seen
that
f
r
om
10
res
pond
ents,
8
of
the
m
exp
erie
nced
an
inc
rease
in
K
PI
,
only
2
respo
nd
e
nts
did
no
t
exp
e
rience
an i
ncr
ease
in KP
I.
W
e ca
n
c
oncl
ud
e
that
80%
of r
e
sp
onde
nts e
xp
e
rience
d
a
n
i
ncr
ease
in KP
I.
Figure
2
.
Re
su
l
t C
om
par
ison
of O
l
d
K
PI an
d Ne
w KPI
4.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
The
old
KPI
is
not
m
easur
ing
te
le
w
orkin
g
of
t
he
em
plo
ye
e.
H
ow
e
ve
r,
t
he
ne
w
KPI
prose
d
us
i
ng
balance
d
sc
or
e
card
pe
rspect
iv
e.
Th
e
stu
dy
proposes
the
ne
w
KP
I
us
i
ng
ba
la
nced
sco
rec
ard
pe
rsp
e
ct
ive
,
m
or
e
obj
ect
ive
m
eas
ur
em
ents
base
d
on
fina
ncial
,
custom
er,
internal
busine
ss
pr
oce
ss,
an
d
le
arn
in
g
an
d
gro
wth
per
s
pecti
ves
.
Desig
ning
KP
I
us
in
g
balance
d
sc
or
eca
rd
,
sta
rt
from
al
ign
ing
st
rategy
m
a
p
an
d
KPI.
P
r
opo
se
d
KP
I
had
been
si
m
ulate
d
on
10
res
pondents,
wh
e
n
com
par
ed
to
old
KP
I
there
is
0.295
increm
ents
equ
al
to
9.47%.
W
e
r
ec
omm
end
O
rg
a
nizat
ion
w
hic
h
has
em
plo
ye
e
that
wo
r
ks
in
te
le
wo
r
king
w
ay
can
su
rely
app
ly
this
m
easur
em
ent
m
od
el
.
For
the
fu
t
ur
e
r
esearch
,
it
is
need
e
d
to
ad
opt
ano
t
her
a
ppr
oac
h
su
c
h
as
:
six
sigm
a
and
o
t
her ap
proac
hes
.
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
Hill
,
E
.
J.,
and
W
ei
ner
,
S.P.
,
W
ork/l
if
e
bal
an
ce
poli
cies
and
progra
m
in
J.E
.
Edwa
rds,
J.
C.
Scott
,
N.S.
Saju
(Ed
s)
,
The
humand resources
progr
am
-
ev
alua
te
d
handb
ook
.
Thousand
O
aks,
CA:
Sage
P
ubli
c
at
ions
.
pp.
447
-
468,
2003
.
[2]
Zi
m
m
erman
,
J
.
,
Work
-
Life
Bal
a
nce
and
Te
le
wo
rking:
Dev
el
opi
ng
and
Testing
a
Tele
worker
P
erformance
Mod
el
.
Diss
ert
at
ion
Ma
nuscript
,
Northc
ent
ra
l
Unive
rsit
y,
Arizo
n
a. 2017.
[3]
Yongbin
Z
,
Li
Y
,
and
Juns
heng
L
.,
“
Mobile
Inte
rne
t
Infor
m
at
ion
Secur
ity
Anal
y
sis
and
Counte
rm
ea
sure
s
”
,
TEL
KOMNIKA
Tele
communic
a
t
ion,
Comput
ing,
El
e
ct
ronics
and
Control
,
v
o
l.
14
(
3A),
pp.
333
-
33
7
,
2016
.
[4]
Khali
l
A
.,
“
Mo
bil
e
L
ea
rning
Te
chno
logi
es
”
,
Inte
rnational
Jo
urnal
of
El
ectric
al
and
Computer
Engi
ne
erin
g
(
IJE
CE)
, v
ol.
7
(
5)
,
pp
.
2833
-
283
7
,
2017
.
[5]
Mo
rrison
,
J
.
Shr
estha
,
N
.
R
.
Ha
yes
,
B
,
and
Zi
m
m
erman
M.
,
“
Mobile
Phone
Sup
port
for
Rur
al
Hea
lt
h
W
orke
rs
in
Nepa
l
through 'Cel
emedi
ci
ne
”
,
J
ournal
of
the N
epal
M
edi
ca
l Ass
oci
ati
on
(
JNMA
),
vol.
52(191)
,
p
p.
538
-
42
,
2013
[6]
Yim
,
S.,
and
Sh
in,
M.,
"
Eff
ects
of
s
y
st
em
qual
i
t
y
and
information
qualit
y
on
th
e
use
and
job
p
erf
orm
anc
e
of
a
n
ent
erp
r
ise
m
obil
ity
solu
ti
on
for
a
m
obil
e
office
with
a
conside
ra
ti
on
of
ta
sk
m
obil
ity
and
t
ask
i
nte
r
dep
ende
n
ce
as
cont
rol
var
i
ables
"
,
Asia
Pacific
J
ournal
of
In
formation
S
yste
ms
,
v
ol.
24
,
pp
.
115
-
1
40,
2014
.
[7]
Koo,
S.H.,
Lee,
J.
E,
and
Shin,
M
.
S.,
"Th
e
E
ffe
c
t
of
Mobile
Offi
c
e
Service
Qua
li
t
y
Fa
ct
ors
on
th
e
Us
er
Sati
sfac
ti
o
n:
Focused
onUs
age
and
Job Cha
r
a
ct
er
isti
cs
"
,
Kore
a
Society of IT s
erv
ices J
ournal
,
v
ol.
11
(2)
,
pp
.
1
-
16
,
2012
.
[8]
Mood
y
,
G.D.
,
an
d
Siponen,
M.
,
“
Us
ing
the
the
or
y
of
int
erp
ersona
l
beha
vior
to
explain
nonwork
-
relate
d
per
sona
l
use
of
the Int
ern
et at
work
”
,
Informat
ion
&
Manage
m
ent
,
vol
50,
pp.
3
22
-
335,
2013
[9]
Jesú
s
,
A
.
C
.
,
E
lizabeth
,
A
.
G
.
,
M
ari
o
A
.
F
.
,
and
Patri
cia,
P.R
.
,
“
Inte
rne
t
Pros
pective
Stud
y
”
,
Bu
l
le
ti
n
o
f
Elec
trical
Engi
ne
ering
and
Informatic
s
,
v
ol
.
6
(3)
,
pp
.
235
-
2
40
,
2017
.
[10]
Am
ine
,
R
.
,
Abdelmaji
d
,
O
.
,
“
Inte
rne
t
of
Thi
ng
s:
Surve
y
s
for
Mea
suring
H
uma
n
Acti
vities
fr
om
Eve
r
y
where
”
,
Inte
rnational
Jo
urnal
of El
e
ct
ri
c
al
and
Comput
er
Engi
n
ee
ring
(
IJE
CE)
, v
ol
.
7
(5)
,
pp.
2474
-
2482
,
2017.
[11]
Divol,
R
.
,
and
Fl
eming,
T
.
The
e
v
olut
ion
o
f
work
.
One
company
’s
story
.
McKinse
y
Quart
er
l
y
4
.
pp
.
111
-
115
,
2012
.
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
New KP
I
Old
KP
I
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
87
08
In
t J
Elec
&
C
om
p
En
g,
V
ol.
8
, N
o.
6
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
5178
-
5184
5184
[12]
Eve
rsol
e
,
B.
A.
W
.
,
Venne
b
erg
,
D.L
.
,
and
Cro
wder,
C.
L.,
“
Crea
t
ing
a
f
le
xib
le
orga
nizati
on
al
cul
tur
e
to
at
tr
ac
t
a
n
d
ret
a
in
t
alente
d
w
orke
rs across
ge
ner
ations
”
,
Adv
a
nce
s in
Dev
el
opi
ng
Hum
an
Re
so
urce
s
,
vol
.
14
,
p
p.
607
–
625
,
201
2
.
[13]
Glass,
J.L
.
,
and
Noonan,
M.C.
“
The
har
d
tru
th
a
bout
te
l
ec
om
m
uti
ng
”
,
Month
ly
L
abor
Review
,
vo
l
.
135.
pp.
38
–
45
,
2012
.
[14]
Irb
y
,
C
.
M.
“
All i
n
a
d
a
y
’s work:
Overc
om
ing
t
el
e
work c
halleng
es
”
,
Mon
thly
Labo
r R
evie
w
.
Pp.
1
-
2
,
2014
.
[15]
P
y
öriä,
P.
“
Mana
ging
t
elework:
Risks
,
fea
rs
and
rule
s
”
,
Manag
e
ment
R
ese
arch
Re
v
ie
w
”
,
vo
l.
3
4(4),
pp.
386
-
39
9
,
2011
.
[16]
Kapla
n,
R
.
S.,
an
d
Norton,
D.
“
The
bal
an
ce
d
scor
ec
ard
m
ea
sur
es
tha
t
drive
p
erf
or
m
anc
e
”
.
Har
vard
Busine
ss
Re
vie
w
.
vol.
70(1)
,
pp
.
71
-
79
,
2007
.
[17]
Robert
,
L.
B
.
,
Us
e
S.
M.
A.R.
T.
goa
ls
to
launc
h
man
ageme
nt
b
y
obje
c
ti
v
e
plan
.
Avail
ab
le
fr
om
:
htt
p://ww
w.t
ec
hr
epubl
i
c.
com/
art
i
cl
e
/use
-
sm
art
-
goal
s
-
to
-
l
aunc
h
-
m
a
nage
m
ent
-
by
-
ob
je
c
ti
ves
-
pl
an/
56
83094/.
.
[18]
Davis,
Ti
m
R.
V.
,
“
Deve
lopi
n
g
an
emplo
y
ee
bal
an
ce
d
scor
ec
ard
:
li
nk
ing
f
rontl
ine
p
erf
or
m
anc
e
to
cor
p
ora
t
e
obje
c
ti
ves
”
,
Ma
nageme
nt
De
ci
si
on
,
v
ol
.
3
4
(4)
,
p
p.
14
-
18
.
1996
.
BIOGR
AP
H
I
ES
OF
A
UTH
ORS
Sunu
Sugi
Arso
,
He
is
gra
du
at
ed
b
ac
h
el
or
o
f
Inform
at
ion
S
y
stem,
from
Bina
Nus
ant
ar
a
Univer
sit
y
,
Jaka
rta
,
Indone
si
a
i
n
1999
,
and
the
Master
of
Info
rm
at
ion
S
y
stems
Mana
gement
degr
ee
from
Inf
orm
at
ion
S
y
ste
m
s
Mana
gement
Depa
rtment,
BI
NU
S
Gradua
te
Program
,
Bina
Nus
ant
ara
Univ
ersity
,
J
aka
rt
a,
I
ndonesia
.
Curre
ntly
,
He
worke
d
for
PT.
PT
.
Mitra
Int
erg
rasi
Inform
at
ika
(MI
I)
Jaka
rt
a
Ind
on
esia
.
His
rese
ar
ch
intere
sts
inc
l
ude
informat
ion
s
y
stem,
and
te
l
eworki
ng.
Sfenria
nto
Sfenr
ia
nto
,
has
recei
v
ed
his
Ph.D.
from
Facul
t
y
of
Co
m
pute
r
Scie
nc
e,
Univer
sit
y
of
Indone
sia,
in
2
014.
Curre
ntly
,
he
is
a
fac
ulty
m
ember
Inform
at
ion
S
y
stems
Mana
gement
Depa
rtment,
BI
NU
S
Gradua
te
Program
–
Master
of
Inform
at
io
n
Sy
st
ems
Man
age
m
ent
,
Bin
a
Nus
ant
ara
Univ
ersity
,
Jaka
rt
a,
I
ndonesia
.
His
re
sea
rch
int
er
ests
inc
lud
e
e
-
Le
a
rni
ng,
e
-
Busin
ess,
e
-
Com
m
erc
e,
co
m
pute
r
educat
io
n,
business i
n
t
e
lligence, da
t
a
m
in
ing,
and informati
on
s
y
s
te
m
.
Mocha
m
ad
W
ahy
udi
,
He
is
gra
d
uat
e
Doctor
al
in
Educ
ation
Mana
gement
from
Stat
e
Univer
si
t
y
of
Jaka
rt
a
Indone
sia,
in
2014.
C
urre
ntly
,
h
e
is
a
le
c
ture
r
and
the
cha
irman
STMIK
Nu
sa
Mandiri
Ja
kar
ta,
Indone
sia.
His
rese
ar
ch
int
er
ests
inc
lude
e
-
Learni
n
g,
computer
e
duca
t
ion,
and
informati
on
s
y
st
em.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.