I
n
t
ern
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
l
ect
ri
ca
l
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
er E
n
g
i
n
eeri
n
g
(
I
J
E
C
E)
V
o
l.
8
,
No
.
5
,
O
c
t
obe
r
20
1
8
,
p
p.
30
84~
3
091
I
S
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
,
D
O
I
:
10.
11
591/
i
j
ece
.
v8
i
5
.
pp
308
4
-
3091
3084
Jou
r
n
al
h
om
e
p
age
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
c
o
r
e
.
c
o
m/
j
our
nal
s
/
i
nde
x
.
php/
I
J
E
C
E
L
o
a
d B
a
la
nce in
Da
t
a
Cent
er S
DN
Net
w
o
rk
s
T
a
r
i
q E
m
a
d A
l
i
1
,
A
m
eer H
u
s
s
ei
n
M
o
ra
d
2
,
M
o
ha
m
m
e
d A
.
A
bda
l
a
3
1,
2
D
ep
ar
t
m
e
nt
of
I
nf
or
m
a
t
i
on a
nd
C
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
,
B
a
g
hda
d U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
,
Ira
q
3
D
ep
ar
t
m
e
nt
of
E
l
e
c
t
r
oni
c
a
n
d C
o
m
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
,
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
o
f
A
L
H
us
s
a
i
n
,
Ira
q
A
rt
i
cl
e I
n
f
o
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
tic
le
h
is
to
r
y
:
R
ecei
v
ed
O
c
t 2
8
,
201
7
Re
v
i
se
d
J
a
n 3
1
,
2
01
8
A
ccep
t
ed
S
e
p 14
,
2
01
8
I
n t
he
l
a
s
t
t
w
o
de
c
a
de
s
,
ne
t
w
or
k
s
ha
d
be
e
n c
ha
ng
e
d a
c
c
or
di
ng
t
o
t
he
r
a
pi
d
ch
an
g
i
n
g
i
n
i
t
s
r
eq
u
i
r
em
en
t
s
.
T
h
e cu
r
r
en
t
D
at
a C
en
t
er
N
et
w
o
r
k
s
h
av
e l
ar
g
e
num
be
r
of
hos
t
s
(
t
e
ns
o
r
t
ho
us
a
n
ds
)
w
i
t
h s
pe
c
i
a
l
ne
e
ds
of
ba
n
dw
i
dt
h
a
s
t
he
c
l
oud
ne
t
w
or
k
a
nd t
he
m
ul
t
i
m
e
di
a
c
ont
e
nt
c
om
put
i
ng
i
s
i
nc
r
e
a
s
e
d.
T
he
co
n
v
en
t
i
o
n
al
D
at
a C
en
t
er
N
et
w
o
r
k
s
(
D
C
N
s
)
ar
e h
i
g
h
l
i
g
h
t
ed
b
y
t
h
e
i
n
cr
eas
ed
num
be
r
of
us
e
r
s
a
nd ba
n
dw
i
dt
h r
e
qui
r
e
m
e
nt
s
w
hi
c
h i
n t
ur
n
ha
v
e
m
a
n
y
im
p
le
m
e
n
ta
tio
n
lim
ita
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t n
e
tw
o
r
k
in
g
d
e
v
ic
e
s
w
ith
its
c
o
n
tr
o
l
a
nd f
or
w
a
r
di
ng
pl
a
ne
s
c
oup
l
i
n
g
r
e
s
ul
t
i
n ne
t
w
or
k
a
r
c
hi
t
e
c
t
ur
e
s
a
r
e
not
s
ui
t
a
bl
e
f
or
dy
na
m
i
c
c
o
m
put
i
n
g
a
nd s
t
or
a
g
e
ne
e
ds
.
S
of
t
w
a
r
e
D
e
f
i
ne
d
ne
t
w
or
k
i
ng
(
S
D
N
)
i
s
i
nt
r
od
uc
e
d t
o c
ha
ng
e
t
hi
s
not
i
on of
t
r
a
di
t
i
o
na
l
ne
t
w
or
ks
by
de
c
oupl
i
ng
c
ont
r
ol
a
n
d f
or
w
a
r
di
ng
pl
a
n
es
.
S
o
,
d
u
e t
o
t
h
e r
ap
i
d
i
n
cr
eas
e i
n
t
he
num
be
r
of
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
ons
,
w
e
bs
i
t
e
s
,
s
t
or
a
g
e
s
pa
c
e
,
a
nd s
om
e
o
f
t
he
ne
t
w
or
k
r
e
s
our
c
e
s
a
r
e
be
i
ng
unde
r
ut
i
l
i
z
e
d due
t
o s
t
a
t
i
c
r
out
i
ng
m
e
c
ha
ni
s
m
s
.
T
o
o
v
er
co
m
e t
h
es
e l
i
m
i
t
at
i
o
n
s
,
a S
o
f
t
w
ar
e D
e
f
i
n
ed
N
et
w
o
r
k
b
as
ed
O
p
en
f
l
o
w
D
at
a C
en
t
er
n
et
w
o
r
k
ar
ch
i
t
ect
u
r
e i
s
u
s
ed
t
o
o
b
t
ai
n
b
et
t
er
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
p
ar
am
et
er
s
an
d
i
m
p
l
e
m
en
t
i
n
g
t
r
af
f
i
c l
o
ad
b
al
an
ci
n
g
f
u
n
ct
i
o
n
.
T
h
e l
o
ad
b
al
an
ci
n
g
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
es
t
h
e t
r
af
f
i
c
r
eq
u
es
t
s
o
v
er
t
h
e co
n
n
ect
ed
s
er
v
er
s
,
t
o
di
m
i
ni
s
h ne
t
w
or
k
c
ong
e
s
t
i
ons
,
a
nd r
e
d
uc
e
u
n
d
e
r
u
tiliz
a
tio
n
p
r
o
b
le
m
o
f
s
e
r
v
e
r
s
.
A
s
a
r
e
s
ul
t
,
S
D
N
i
s
de
v
e
l
ope
d t
o a
f
f
or
d
m
or
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
c
onf
i
g
ur
a
t
i
on,
e
nha
nc
e
d
pe
r
f
or
m
a
nc
e
,
a
nd m
or
e
f
l
e
x
i
bi
l
i
t
y
t
o de
a
l
w
i
t
h h
ug
e
ne
t
w
or
k
d
e
si
g
n
s.
Ke
y
wo
rd
:
AP
I
D
CN
L
D
O
pe
n
da
y
l
i
gh
t
O
p
e
n
fl
o
w
S
DN
C
opy
r
i
g
ht
©
201
8
I
ns
t
i
t
ut
e
o
f
A
d
v
anc
e
d E
ngi
ne
e
r
i
ng
an
d
Sc
i
e
nc
e
.
A
l
l
ri
g
h
t
s re
se
rv
e
d
.
Co
rre
sp
o
n
d
i
n
g
Au
t
h
o
r
:
T
a
r
i
q
E
m
a
d
A
li,
D
ep
ar
t
m
e
nt
o
f
o
f
I
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
a
nd
c
o
m
m
u
ni
c
a
t
i
o
n E
n
gi
ne
e
r
i
ng,
B
a
ghd
a
d
U
ni
ve
r
s
i
t
y,
A
l
-
J
ad
r
i
a,
B
ag
h
d
ad
,
I
r
aq
.
E
m
a
il:
ta
r
iq
e
m
a
d
@
g
m
a
il.
c
o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
S
o
c
ia
l
m
e
d
ia
,
m
o
b
ile
d
e
v
ic
e
s
,
a
n
d
c
lo
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
a
r
e
p
u
s
h
in
g
tr
a
d
itio
n
a
l n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
to
t
h
e
ir
li
m
its
.
C
o
m
p
u
te
a
n
d
s
to
r
a
g
e
h
a
v
e
b
e
n
e
f
ite
d
f
r
o
m
i
n
c
r
e
d
ib
le
in
n
o
v
a
tio
n
s
i
n
v
ir
t
u
a
liz
a
t
io
n
a
n
d
a
u
to
m
a
tio
n
,
b
u
t
th
o
s
e
b
en
ef
i
t
s
ar
e co
n
s
t
r
ai
n
ed
b
y
l
i
m
i
t
at
i
o
ns
i
n t
he
ne
t
w
o
r
k.
A
d
m
i
ni
s
t
r
a
t
o
r
s
m
a
y s
p
i
n
up
ne
w
c
o
m
p
ut
e
a
nd
s
t
o
r
a
ge
i
ns
t
a
nc
e
s
i
n
m
i
n
ut
e
s
,
o
nl
y t
o
b
e
he
l
d
up
f
o
r
w
e
e
ks
b
y r
i
gi
d
a
nd
o
f
t
e
nt
i
m
e
s
m
a
nua
l
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
ns
.
S
o
f
t
wa
r
e
-
d
ef
i
n
ed
n
et
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
h
as
t
h
e
p
o
t
en
t
i
a
l
t
o
r
ev
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
i
ze
l
e
g
ac
y
d
at
a
ce
n
t
er
s
b
y
p
r
o
vi
d
i
ng
a
f
l
e
xi
b
l
e
w
a
y
t
o
co
n
t
r
o
l
t
h
e n
et
w
o
r
k
s
o
i
t
can
f
u
n
ct
i
o
n
m
o
r
e l
i
k
e t
h
e v
i
r
t
u
al
i
zed
v
er
s
i
o
n
s
o
f
co
m
p
u
t
e
an
d
s
t
o
r
ag
e t
o
d
a
y
.
T
h
e g
o
al
o
f
S
o
f
t
w
ar
e
-
D
e
f
i
ne
d
N
e
t
w
o
r
ki
ng
i
s
t
o
e
na
b
l
e
c
l
o
ud
a
nd
ne
t
w
o
r
k
e
ngi
ne
e
r
s
a
nd
a
d
m
i
ni
s
t
r
a
t
o
r
s
t
o
r
e
s
p
o
nd
q
ui
c
kl
y t
o
c
ha
n
gi
n
g b
us
i
ne
s
s
r
e
q
ui
r
e
m
e
nt
s
vi
a
a
ce
n
t
r
al
i
zed
co
n
t
r
o
l
co
n
s
o
l
e.
S
D
N
en
co
m
p
as
s
es
m
u
l
t
i
p
l
e k
i
n
d
s
o
f
n
et
w
o
r
k
t
ech
n
o
l
o
g
i
es
d
es
i
g
n
ed
t
o
m
a
k
e t
h
e n
et
w
o
r
k
m
o
r
e
f
le
x
ib
le
a
n
d
a
g
ile
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
v
ir
t
u
a
liz
e
d
s
e
r
v
e
r
a
n
d
s
to
r
a
g
e
i
n
f
r
a
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
e
r
n
d
a
t
a ce
n
t
er
a
n
d
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
d
e
f
i
ne
d
ne
t
w
o
r
ki
ng
w
a
s
o
r
i
gi
na
l
l
y
d
e
f
i
ne
d
a
n a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h t
o d
e
s
i
gni
ng,
b
ui
l
d
i
ng,
a
nd
m
a
na
gi
n
g
n
e
t
w
or
ks
t
h
a
t
s
e
pa
r
a
t
e
s
t
h
e
n
e
t
w
or
k’
s
c
on
t
r
ol
(
br
a
i
n
s
)
a
n
d f
or
w
a
r
di
ng
(
m
u
s
c
l
e
)
pl
a
n
e
s
e
na
bl
i
n
g
t
h
e
n
e
t
w
or
k
c
on
t
r
ol
t
o be
c
om
e
di
r
e
c
t
l
y
pr
og
r
a
m
m
a
b
l
e an
d
t
h
e
u
n
d
er
l
y
i
n
g
i
n
f
r
as
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e t
o
b
e ab
s
t
r
act
ed
f
o
r
ap
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
s
an
d
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
er
v
i
ces
[
1
]
.
S
o
f
t
w
ar
e
-
de
f
i
n
e
d
n
e
t
w
or
ki
ng
pr
ov
i
de
r
s
of
f
e
r
a
w
i
de
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
on
of
c
o
m
pe
t
i
ng
ar
ch
i
t
ect
u
r
es
,
b
u
t
at
i
t
s
m
o
s
t
s
i
m
p
l
e,
t
h
e
S
o
f
t
w
ar
e
D
ef
i
n
e
d
N
et
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
m
e
t
h
o
d
ce
n
t
r
a
l
iz
e
s
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t
J
E
l
e
c
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
S
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
L
oad B
al
a
nc
e
i
n D
at
a C
e
nt
e
r
SD
N
N
e
t
w
or
k
s
(
T
ar
i
q E
m
ad A
l
i
)
3085
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
b
y
s
e
p
a
r
a
tin
g
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l lo
g
ic
to
o
f
f
-
d
ev
i
ce co
m
p
u
t
er
r
es
o
u
r
ces
.
A
l
l
S
D
N
m
o
d
el
s
h
a
v
e s
o
m
e
v
e
r
s
i
on
o
f
a
n
S
D
N
C
ont
r
ol
l
e
r
,
a
s
w
e
l
l
a
s
s
ou
t
h
boun
d A
P
I
s
a
n
d n
or
t
h
bou
n
d
A
P
I
s
.
S
D
N
O
f
f
e
r
i
n
g
a
cen
t
r
al
i
zed
,
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ab
l
e
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
t
h
at
ca
n
d
yna
m
i
c
a
l
l
y p
r
o
vi
s
i
o
n
s
o
a
s
t
o
a
d
d
r
e
s
s
t
he
c
ha
n
gi
ng
ne
e
d
s
o
f
b
u
si
n
e
s
se
s,
so
f
t
w
a
r
e
-
de
f
i
n
e
n
e
t
w
or
ki
ng
a
l
s
o pr
ov
i
de
s
t
h
e
f
ol
l
o
w
i
n
g
be
n
e
f
i
t
s
:
[
2]
a.
D
i
r
ect
l
y
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ab
l
e:
N
et
w
o
r
k
d
i
r
ect
l
y
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ab
l
e
b
ecau
s
e
t
h
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
f
u
n
ct
i
o
n
s
ar
e
d
ec
o
u
p
l
ed
f
r
o
m
f
or
w
a
r
di
ng
f
un
c
t
i
ons
.
W
h
i
c
h
e
n
a
bl
e
t
h
e
n
e
t
w
or
k
t
o be
pr
og
r
a
m
m
a
t
i
c
a
l
l
y
c
onf
i
gu
r
e
d by
pr
opr
i
e
t
a
r
y
or
ope
n
s
ou
r
c
e
a
u
t
o
m
a
t
i
on
t
oo
l
s
b.
C
en
t
r
al
i
zed
M
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
:
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
i
n
t
el
l
i
g
e
n
ce i
s
l
o
g
i
cal
l
y
cen
t
r
al
i
zed
i
n
S
D
N
co
n
t
r
o
l
l
er
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e t
h
at
m
ai
n
t
ai
n
s
a
g
l
o
b
al
v
i
e
w
o
f
t
h
e n
et
w
o
r
k
,
w
hi
c
h
a
ppe
a
r
s
t
o a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on
s
a
n
d pol
i
c
y
e
ng
i
ne
s
a
s
a
s
i
ng
l
e
,
lo
g
ic
a
l s
w
i
tc
h
.
c.
R
ed
u
ce C
ap
E
x
:
S
o
f
t
w
ar
e D
e
f
i
n
ed
N
et
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
p
o
t
en
t
i
al
l
y
l
i
m
i
t
s
t
h
e n
eed
t
o
p
u
r
ch
as
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
-
b
u
ilt,
A
SI
C
-
b
as
ed
n
et
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
h
ar
d
w
ar
e,
an
d
i
n
s
t
ead
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
p
ay
-
as
-
yo
u
-
g
r
o
w
m
ode
l
s
d.
R
ed
u
ce O
p
E
X
:
S
D
N
e
n
ab
l
es
al
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
i
c co
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
t
h
e n
et
w
o
r
k
o
f
n
et
w
o
r
k
el
e
m
e
n
t
s
(
s
u
ch
as
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
o
r
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
s
w
i
t
c
h
es
/
r
o
u
t
er
s
t
h
at
ar
e
i
n
cr
eas
i
n
g
l
y
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ab
l
e,
m
a
k
i
n
g
i
t
eas
i
er
t
o
d
es
i
g
n
,
d
ep
l
o
y
,
m
an
a
g
e,
an
d
s
cal
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
.
T
h
e
ab
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
au
t
o
m
at
e
p
r
o
v
i
s
i
o
ni
ng
a
nd
o
r
c
he
s
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
e
s
s
e
r
vi
c
e
av
ai
l
ab
i
l
i
t
y
an
d
r
el
i
ab
i
l
i
t
y
b
y
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
o
v
er
al
l
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
t
i
m
e an
d
t
h
e ch
a
n
ce
f
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
er
r
o
r
.
e.
D
e
liv
e
r
A
g
ilit
y
a
n
d
F
le
x
ib
ilit
y
:
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
D
e
f
in
e
d
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
in
g
h
e
lp
s
o
r
g
a
n
iz
a
t
io
n
s
r
a
p
id
l
y
d
e
p
lo
y
n
e
w
a
p
p
lic
a
tio
n
s
,
s
e
r
vi
c
e
s
,
a
nd
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
uc
t
ur
e
t
o
q
ui
c
kl
y
m
e
e
t
c
ha
ngi
n
g b
us
i
ne
s
s
go
a
l
s
a
nd
o
b
j
e
c
t
i
ve
s
.
f.
E
n
ab
l
e I
n
n
o
v
at
i
o
n
:
S
D
N
en
ab
l
es
o
r
g
an
i
zat
i
o
n
s
t
o
cr
eat
e n
e
w
t
y
p
es
o
f
ap
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
s
,
s
er
v
i
ces
,
a
n
d
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
m
o
d
el
s
t
h
at
can
o
f
f
er
n
e
w
r
ev
e
n
u
e
s
t
r
ea
m
s
an
d
m
o
r
e v
al
u
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
ne
t
w
o
r
k.
I
n
2014
B
a
s
h
e
e
r
a
n
d
B
a
s
s
a
m
[
3]
pr
e
s
e
n
t
e
d
m
a
ny
c
o
m
pon
e
n
t
s
o
f
s
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
pr
og
r
a
m
s
w
hi
c
h
w
e
r
e
t
es
t
ed
b
y
r
es
ear
c
h
er
s
t
o
s
i
m
p
l
i
f
y
t
h
e s
el
ect
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e p
r
o
p
er
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
er
i
n
O
p
en
f
l
o
w
r
el
at
ed
p
r
o
j
ect
s
.
T
h
e t
es
t
s
s
h
o
w
t
h
at
t
h
er
e
ex
i
s
t
s
a
d
i
f
f
e
r
en
ce
i
n
t
h
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
l
er
'
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
ap
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
s
t
h
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
O
p
en
f
l
o
w
v
e
r
s
i
ons
(
1.
0)
a
n
d (
1.
3)
.
I
n
2015 M
a
v
j
e
e
n
a
n
d
A
dr
a
s
h
bi
[
4]
i
m
pl
e
m
e
nt
e
d di
f
f
e
r
e
nt
s
c
e
n
a
r
i
os
us
i
ng
M
i
ni
n
e
t
to
m
a
k
e
lo
a
d
b
a
la
n
c
in
g
u
til
i
z
a
tio
n
in
a
d
a
ta
c
e
n
te
r
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
.
I
n
th
e
ir
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ta
tio
n
t
he
t
hr
o
ug
hp
u
t
,
b
an
d
w
i
d
t
h
an
d
d
el
a
y
w
er
e co
m
p
ar
ed
u
s
i
n
g
f
o
u
r
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
s
cen
ar
i
o
s
b
as
ed
o
n
ch
an
g
i
n
g
t
h
e q
u
eu
e t
i
m
e
w
h
i
c
h
r
e
s
ul
t
s
i
n
i
nc
r
e
a
s
i
n
g t
he
t
hr
o
u
ghp
ut
a
nd
b
a
nd
w
i
d
t
h
w
h
e
n t
h
e
q
ue
ue
t
i
m
e
i
nc
r
e
as
ed
w
h
i
l
e t
h
e d
el
a
y
d
ecr
eas
es
.
A
l
s
o i
n
2015
E
.
S
i
l
v
a
,
G
.
P
a
nt
uz
a
[
5
]
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
nt
e
d
a
d
yn
a
m
i
c
l
o
a
d
b
a
l
a
nc
i
ng
us
i
n
g S
D
N
.
I
n t
he
i
r
w
o
r
k a
S
of
t
w
a
r
e
D
e
f
i
n
e
d N
e
t
w
or
k
w
a
s
i
m
pl
e
m
e
n
t
e
d
t
o i
m
pr
o
v
e
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
b
y
us
i
n
g P
O
X
c
on
t
r
ol
l
e
r
a
n
d
s
i
ng
l
e
s
w
itc
h
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
c
o
n
s
i
s
te
d
o
f
t
w
o
s
e
r
v
e
r
s
a
n
d
f
o
u
r
c
lie
n
ts
.
T
h
e
tr
a
f
f
ic
w
a
s
d
is
tr
ib
u
t
ed
b
y
a
l
o
ad
b
al
an
ci
n
g
a
l
g
or
i
t
hm
w
hi
c
h
w
a
s
t
h
e
R
ound R
obi
n
be
t
w
e
e
n
t
h
e
s
e
r
v
e
r
s
a
n
d t
h
e
r
e
qu
e
s
t
i
ng
c
l
i
e
n
t
s
.
I
n
2
0
1
6
S
.
K
.
A
s
k
ar
[
6
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a r
es
ear
ch
o
n
A
d
ap
t
i
v
e
L
o
ad
B
al
an
ci
n
g
S
c
h
e
m
e
f
o
r
D
at
a C
e
n
t
er
N
e
t
w
or
k
s
U
s
i
ng
S
of
t
w
a
r
e
D
e
f
i
n
e
d N
e
t
w
or
k
.
H
e
pr
opos
e
s
a n
e
w
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
t
o
co
n
d
u
c
t
l
o
ad
b
al
an
ci
n
g
f
o
r
da
t
a
c
e
n
t
e
r
n
e
t
w
or
k
s
i
n or
de
r
t
o i
m
pr
ov
e
t
h
e
i
r
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
.
H
e
c
h
oos
e
s
a
s
pe
c
i
f
i
c
k
i
n
d o
f
n
e
t
w
or
k t
opol
ogy
t
h
e
o
n
e cal
l
ed
F
a
t
-
t
r
ee
n
et
w
o
r
k
t
o
p
o
l
o
g
y
.
t
h
e
r
es
u
l
t
s
s
h
o
w
ed
0
%
l
o
s
s
r
at
e co
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
a
l
o
s
s
r
at
e t
h
at
r
an
g
ed
f
r
o
m
1
5
%
t
o
3
4
%
w
h
e
n
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
t
r
ad
i
t
i
o
n
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
w
h
er
eas
i
n
t
h
e
s
eco
n
d
s
ce
n
ar
i
o
,
t
h
e r
es
u
l
t
s
s
h
o
w
ed
a
l
os
s
r
a
t
e
i
m
pr
ov
e
m
e
n
t
t
h
a
t
r
a
ng
e
s
be
t
w
e
e
n
58%
a
n
d 81%
de
pe
n
di
n
g on
t
h
e
a
m
oun
t
o
f
c
ont
e
n
di
ng
t
r
a
f
f
i
c
a
n
d
th
e
a
d
d
itio
n
a
l tr
a
f
f
ic
b
e
y
o
n
d
lin
k
s
’
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
.
I
n
t
e
r
m
of
t
h
r
ou
gh
put
,
h
os
t
s
u
t
i
l
i
z
i
ng
t
h
e
pr
opos
e
d s
c
h
e
m
e
m
a
i
nt
a
i
ne
d
t
he
s
a
m
e
l
e
ve
l
o
f
t
hr
o
u
ghp
ut
w
i
t
ho
ut
a
n
y d
e
gr
a
d
a
t
i
o
n
w
he
n
ne
w
f
l
o
w
s
j
o
i
ne
d
t
he
ne
t
w
o
r
k a
nd
a
d
d
e
d
a
d
d
itio
n
a
l
tr
a
f
f
ic
i
n
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t s
c
e
n
a
r
io
.
O
n
t
h
e
o
th
e
r
h
a
n
d
,
h
o
s
t
s
t
h
a
t
u
til
iz
in
g
th
e
tr
a
d
itio
n
a
l
s
c
h
e
m
e
und
e
r
w
e
nt
f
r
o
m
a
r
e
m
a
r
ka
b
l
e
r
e
d
uc
t
i
o
n i
n t
he
i
r
t
hr
o
u
g
hp
ut
,
t
he
o
ve
r
a
l
l
r
e
d
uc
t
i
o
n i
n t
he
t
hr
o
ug
hp
ut
hi
t
s
m
o
r
e
t
h
an
5
M
b
p
s
,
w
h
er
eas
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
eco
n
d
s
ce
n
ar
i
o
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ch
e
m
e o
u
t
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
t
h
e t
r
ad
i
t
i
o
n
al
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
,
w
h
er
eas
t
h
e i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
i
n
t
h
r
ou
gh
put
r
e
c
or
de
d a
m
oun
t
s
t
h
a
t
r
a
ng
e
be
t
w
e
e
n
4.
2%
a
n
d 16.
6%
.
I
n 2
0
1
7
S
.
W
a
ng a
nd
J
.
L
uo
[
7]
pr
opos
e
d a
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
on
R
a
ndom
i
z
e
d
L
oa
d
-
b
al
an
ced
R
o
u
t
i
n
g
f
o
r
F
at
-
t
r
ee.
T
h
ey
p
r
es
en
t
a
s
i
m
p
l
e
a
n
d
e
f
f
ect
i
v
e
l
o
ad
-
b
al
an
ced
r
o
u
t
i
n
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
cal
l
ed
D
R
B
f
o
r
f
at
-
t
r
e
e
ne
t
w
o
r
ks
,
w
h
i
c
h
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
at
es
t
h
e r
an
d
o
m
i
zed
l
o
ad
-
b
al
an
ci
n
g
t
ech
n
i
q
u
e cal
l
ed
T
T
C
i
n
t
o
t
h
e d
et
e
r
m
i
n
is
t
ic
D
-
mo
d
-
k
r
o
u
t
i
n
g
s
c
h
e
m
e.
T
T
C
u
s
es
a t
h
r
es
h
o
l
d
t
o
ef
f
ect
i
v
el
y
r
ed
u
ce
t
r
af
f
i
c r
ed
i
r
ect
i
o
n
o
p
er
at
i
o
n
,
w
h
i
c
h
co
n
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
s
t
o
e
ve
nl
y d
i
s
t
r
i
b
ut
i
n
g t
r
a
f
f
i
c
a
m
o
ng
up
l
i
nk
s
a
nd
d
o
w
n
l
i
nk
s
.
T
he
e
xp
e
r
i
m
e
nt
a
l
r
e
s
ul
t
s
s
ho
w
t
ha
t
D
R
B
s
uc
c
e
e
d
s
t
o
ach
i
ev
e l
o
w
-
le
v
e
ls
o
f
p
a
th
c
o
llis
io
n
i
n
t
h
e
f
lo
w
m
o
d
e
l
a
n
d
lo
w
a
v
e
r
a
g
e
a
n
d
ta
il la
te
n
c
y
i
n
t
h
e
p
a
c
k
e
t
m
o
d
el
.
T
h
eo
r
et
i
cal
r
es
u
l
t
s
s
h
o
w
t
h
at
t
h
e p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce o
f
T
T
C
i
n
b
al
a
n
ced
al
l
o
cat
i
o
n
i
s
s
i
m
i
l
ar
t
o
t
h
at
o
f
t
h
e
t
wo
-
ch
o
i
ce t
ec
h
n
i
q
u
e.
A
l
s
o i
n
2017 J
.
S
a
i
s
a
g
a
r
a
n
d P
r
a
s
h
a
n
t
K
ot
h
ar
i
D
.
[
8
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a r
es
ear
ch
o
n
‘
S
d
n
en
ab
l
ed
p
ack
et
b
as
ed
l
o
ad
-
b
al
an
ci
n
g
(
p
l
b
)
t
ech
n
i
q
u
e i
n
d
at
a
cen
t
er
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
’
.
T
h
e
y
p
r
es
e
n
t
a s
t
r
at
eg
y
t
o
s
o
l
v
e t
h
e l
o
ad
b
al
an
ci
n
g
i
s
s
u
e i
n
S
D
N
b
as
ed
D
at
a C
e
n
t
er
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
.
T
h
e
y
cr
eat
ed
t
h
e f
at
-
t
r
e
e
t
opol
ogy
i
n
a
vi
r
t
u
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
el
p
o
f
M
i
n
i
n
et
.
T
h
ey
i
m
p
l
e
m
en
t
ed
p
ac
k
et
b
as
ed
l
o
ad
b
al
an
ci
n
g
t
ec
h
n
i
q
u
e t
o
r
e
d
i
r
ect
t
h
e t
r
a
f
f
i
c t
o
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
s
w
i
t
ch
e
s
b
y
s
et
t
i
n
g
a
t
h
r
es
h
o
l
d
.
T
h
e
y
f
o
u
n
d
t
h
at
t
h
e p
ack
et
s
t
r
an
s
f
er
r
ed
f
r
o
m
o
n
e s
w
i
t
ch
t
o
an
o
t
h
er
s
w
i
t
c
h
w
i
t
ho
ut
a
n
y p
a
c
ke
t
l
o
s
s
(
i
.
e.
0
%
p
ack
et
l
o
s
s
)
t
h
er
eb
y
b
al
an
ci
n
g
t
h
e l
o
ad
o
f
o
n
e c
o
r
e s
w
i
t
c
h
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN
:
20
88
-
8708
In
t
J
E
l
e
c
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
V
o
l.
8
, N
o
.
5
,
O
c
t
obe
r
20
18
:
308
4
-
3091
3086
o
t
he
r
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
p
r
es
en
t
t
h
e l
o
ad
b
al
an
ce
m
et
h
o
d
s
(
L
D
)
i
n
S
D
N
d
at
ace
n
t
er
(
D
C
)
n
et
w
o
r
k
u
s
i
n
g
O
p
en
D
a
y
l
i
g
h
t
co
n
t
r
o
l
l
er
an
d
t
es
t
t
h
e p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce o
f
t
h
e D
C
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
2.
O
P
EN
F
LO
W
P
RO
T
O
CO
L
O
pe
n
F
l
o
w
(
O
F
)
pr
ot
oc
ol
i
s
c
on
s
i
de
r
e
d
on
e
of
t
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
s
of
t
w
a
r
e
-
d
e
f
i
ne
d
ne
t
w
o
r
ki
ng
(
S
D
N
)
s
ta
n
d
a
r
d
s
.
I
t o
r
ig
in
a
ll
y
d
e
f
in
e
d
th
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
ic
a
t
io
n
p
r
o
to
c
o
l in
S
D
N
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
s
th
a
t
e
n
a
b
le
s
th
e
S
D
N
C
o
n
tr
o
lle
r
to
d
ir
e
c
tly
i
n
te
r
a
c
t
w
it
h
th
e
f
o
r
w
a
r
d
i
n
g
p
la
n
e
o
f
ne
t
w
o
r
k d
e
vi
c
e
s
s
uc
h
a
s
s
w
i
t
c
he
s
a
nd
r
o
ut
e
r
s
,
bot
h
phy
s
i
c
a
l
a
n
d
v
i
r
t
u
a
l
(
hype
r
v
i
s
or
-
b
as
ed
)
,
s
o
i
t
can
b
et
t
er
ad
ap
t
t
o
ch
an
g
i
n
g
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
r
eq
u
i
r
e
m
en
t
s
.
A
n
S
D
N
C
o
n
tr
o
lle
r
in
S
D
N
is
t
h
e
“
b
r
a
i
n
s
”
o
f
t
h
e
S
D
N
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
,
r
e
la
y
in
g
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
t
o
s
w
itc
h
e
s
/r
o
u
te
r
s
‘
be
l
o
w
’
(
v
i
a
s
ou
t
h
boun
d
A
P
I
s
)
a
n
d t
h
e
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
ons
a
n
d
bu
s
i
n
e
s
s
l
o
g
i
c
‘
a
bov
e
’
(
v
i
a
n
or
t
h
boun
d
A
P
I
s
)
.
R
ecen
t
l
y
,
a
s
o
r
g
a
n
i
zat
i
o
n
s
d
e
p
l
o
y
m
o
r
e S
D
N
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
,
S
D
N
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
er
s
h
av
e b
ee
n
t
a
s
k
ed
w
i
t
h
f
ed
er
at
i
n
g
b
e
t
w
e
e
n S
D
N
C
o
nt
r
o
l
l
e
r
d
o
m
a
i
ns
,
us
i
ng c
o
m
m
o
n a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n i
n
t
e
r
f
a
c
e
s
,
l
i
ke
O
p
e
nF
l
o
w
a
nd
o
p
e
n vi
r
t
ua
l
s
w
i
t
c
h
da
t
a
ba
s
e
(
O
V
S
D
B
)
[
9]
.
T
o w
or
k i
n
a
n
O
F
e
n
v
i
r
onm
e
n
t
,
a
ny
de
v
i
c
e
t
h
a
t
w
a
n
t
s
t
o
c
om
m
uni
c
a
t
e
t
o a
n
S
D
N
C
o
n
tr
o
lle
r
m
u
s
t s
u
p
p
o
r
t th
e
O
p
e
n
F
lo
w
p
r
o
to
c
o
l.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
is
in
te
r
f
a
c
e
,
t
h
e
S
D
N
C
o
n
tr
o
lle
r
p
u
s
h
e
s
d
o
wn
c
ha
nge
s
t
o
t
he
s
w
i
t
c
h/
r
o
ut
e
r
f
l
o
w
-
ta
b
le
a
llo
w
i
n
g
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
a
d
m
i
n
i
s
tr
a
to
r
s
to
p
a
r
tit
io
n
tr
a
f
f
ic
,
c
o
n
tr
o
l
f
lo
w
s
f
o
r
o
p
tim
a
l p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
,
a
n
d
s
ta
r
t te
s
ti
n
g
n
e
w
c
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
a
tio
n
s
a
n
d
a
p
p
lic
a
tio
n
s
[
1
0
]
.
F
ig
u
r
e
(
1
)
s
h
o
w
th
e
f
lo
w
-
t
ab
l
e e
n
t
r
i
es
t
h
at
can
b
e m
a
n
i
p
u
l
at
ed
i
n a
n o
f
s
w
i
t
c
h.
F
i
gu
r
e
1.
Fl
o
w
-
T
ab
l
e E
n
t
r
i
es
T
h
at
C
an
B
e M
an
i
p
u
l
a
t
ed
i
n
a
n
O
F
S
w
i
t
ch
3.
S
DN F
RAM
E
W
O
RK
S
o
f
t
wa
r
e
-
d
ef
i
n
ed
n
et
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
p
r
o
v
i
d
er
s
o
f
f
er
a
w
i
d
e s
el
ect
i
o
n
o
f
co
m
p
et
i
n
g
ar
ch
i
t
ect
u
r
es
,
b
u
t
at
i
t
s
m
o
s
t
s
i
m
p
l
e,
t
h
e S
o
f
t
w
ar
e D
e
f
i
n
ed
N
et
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
m
e
t
h
o
d
cen
t
r
al
i
zes
co
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
t
h
e n
et
w
o
r
k
b
y
s
ep
ar
at
i
n
g
t
h
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l lo
g
ic
to
o
f
f
-
de
vi
c
e
c
om
p
u
t
e
r
r
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
[
11]
.
S
D
N
f
r
a
m
e
w
or
k
c
ons
i
s
t
f
r
o
m
A
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on
l
a
y
e
r
,
C
ont
r
ol
l
a
y
er
an
d
I
n
f
r
as
t
r
u
ct
u
r
e
l
a
y
er
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
F
i
g
u
r
e
(
2
)
.
A
l
l
S
D
N
m
o
d
el
s
h
av
e
s
o
m
e
v
er
s
i
o
n
o
f
a
n
S
DN
C
on
t
r
ol
l
e
r
,
a
s
w
e
l
l
a
s
(
s
out
h
b
ou
n
d
A
P
I
s
)
a
n
d (
n
or
t
h
bou
n
d
A
P
I
s
)
[
12]
:
a.
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
er
s
:
T
h
e “
b
r
ai
n
s
” o
f
t
h
e n
et
w
o
r
k
,
S
D
N
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
er
s
o
f
f
er
a cen
t
r
al
i
zed
v
i
e
w
o
f
t
h
e o
v
er
al
l
n
e
t
w
or
k
,
a
n
d e
n
a
bl
e
n
e
t
w
or
k a
dm
i
n
i
s
t
r
a
t
or
s
t
o di
c
t
a
t
e
t
o t
h
e
un
de
r
l
y
i
ng
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
(
l
i
ke
s
w
i
t
c
he
s
a
nd
r
o
ut
e
r
s
)
ho
w
t
he
f
o
r
w
a
r
d
i
ng p
l
a
ne
s
ho
ul
d
ha
nd
l
e
ne
t
w
o
r
k t
r
a
f
f
i
c
.
b.
S
ou
t
h
bou
n
d
A
P
I
s
:
S
of
t
w
a
r
e
-
de
f
i
n
e
d n
e
t
w
or
k
i
n
g
u
s
e
s
s
out
h
boun
d A
P
I
s
t
o r
e
l
a
y
i
nf
or
m
a
t
i
on
t
o t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
e
s
a
n
d
r
o
u
te
r
s
“
b
e
lo
w
.
”
O
p
e
n
F
lo
w
,
c
o
n
s
id
e
r
e
d
th
e
f
ir
s
t s
ta
n
d
a
r
d
in
S
D
N
,
w
a
s
t
he
o
r
i
gi
na
l
s
ou
t
h
bou
n
d
A
P
I
a
n
d r
e
m
a
i
ns
a
s
o
n
e
of
t
h
e
m
os
t
c
o
m
m
o
n
pr
ot
oc
ol
s
.
D
e
s
pi
t
e
s
o
m
e
c
on
s
i
de
r
i
ng
O
p
en
F
l
o
w
an
d
S
D
N
t
o
b
e o
n
e i
n
t
h
e
s
a
m
e,
O
p
e
n
F
l
o
w
i
s
m
er
el
y
o
n
e p
i
ece o
f
t
h
e b
i
g
g
er
S
D
N
l
an
d
s
cap
e.
c.
N
o
r
t
hb
o
und
A
P
I
s
:
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
D
e
f
i
ne
d
N
e
t
w
o
r
ki
ng
us
e
s
no
r
t
hb
o
und
A
P
I
s
t
o
c
o
m
m
u
ni
c
a
t
e
s
w
i
t
h t
h
e
ap
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
s
an
d
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
l
o
g
i
c “
ab
o
v
e.
” T
h
es
e h
el
p
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
ad
m
i
n
i
s
t
r
at
o
r
s
t
o
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
at
i
cal
l
y
s
h
ap
e
t
r
af
f
i
c an
d
d
ep
l
o
y
s
er
v
i
ce
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t
J
E
l
e
c
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
S
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
L
oad B
al
a
nc
e
i
n D
at
a C
e
nt
e
r
SD
N
N
e
t
w
or
k
s
(
T
ar
i
q E
m
ad A
l
i
)
3087
F
i
g
ur
e
2
.
S
o
f
t
w
a
re
D
e
fi
n
e
d
N
e
t
w
o
rk
i
n
g
(S
D
N
) F
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
4.
S
DN DA
T
A CE
N
T
E
R
D
ES
I
G
N
S
D
N
D
C
N
c
on
s
t
r
u
c
t
f
r
o
m
num
be
r
of
O
pe
n
f
l
o
w
s
w
i
t
c
h
e
s
,
h
os
t
s
a
n
d O
pe
n
D
a
y
L
i
gh
t
c
on
t
r
ol
l
e
r
s
w
hi
c
h
i
s
r
e
s
pons
i
bl
e
f
or
c
onf
i
g
u
r
i
ng
t
h
e
s
w
i
t
c
h
e
s
t
o
f
or
w
a
r
d t
h
e
t
r
a
f
f
i
c
a
s
a
l
a
y
e
r
-
2 s
w
i
t
c
h
a
n
d a
ppl
y
t
h
e
l
oa
d
b
al
an
ce i
n
t
h
e
d
at
a cen
t
er
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
F
ig
u
r
e
(
3
)
.
T
h
is
c
o
n
tr
o
lle
r
a
llo
w
s
th
e
tr
a
f
f
ic
f
o
r
w
a
r
d
in
g
b
et
w
ee
n
al
l
o
f
t
h
e
s
w
i
t
ch
e
s
e
x
i
s
t
i
n
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
t
h
at
ar
e
c
o
n
n
ect
ed
t
o
i
t
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
ai
m
b
eh
i
n
d
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
i
s
c
o
n
tr
o
lle
r
is
to
o
f
f
e
r
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l p
la
n
e
d
e
c
o
u
p
lin
g
f
r
o
m
a
ll t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
e
s
a
n
d
to
c
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
e
th
e
s
w
itc
h
e
s
to
b
e
f
o
r
w
ar
d
i
n
g
d
ev
i
ces
b
y
s
w
i
t
c
h
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
l
o
w
t
ab
l
es
b
et
w
een
t
h
e
m
[
1
4
]
.
F
i
g
ur
e
3
.
O
p
e
nD
a
yL
i
g
ht
c
o
nt
r
o
l
l
e
r
s
5.
IM
P
LEM
EN
TA
TI
O
N
S
C
E
N
A
R
IO
S
F
O
R
D
A
TA
C
EN
TER
N
E
TW
O
R
K
F
o
r
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
nt
a
nd
u
nd
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
c
o
nf
i
gur
a
b
l
e
ne
t
w
o
r
ks
a
nd
t
o
a
c
hi
e
ve
t
he
D
C
N
,
i
t
i
s
s
ig
n
i
f
ic
a
n
t to
h
a
v
e
a
n
e
nv
i
r
onm
e
n
t
of
num
e
r
ou
s
s
pe
c
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
on
s
.
T
h
e
s
c
e
n
a
r
i
o c
on
t
a
i
n
s
of
f
a
t
t
r
e
e
t
opol
o
gy
S
D
N
D
C
N
.
T
h
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN
:
20
88
-
8708
In
t
J
E
l
e
c
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
V
o
l.
8
, N
o
.
5
,
O
c
t
obe
r
20
18
:
308
4
-
3091
3088
s
w
itc
h
e
s
O
p
e
n
F
lo
w
-
e
n
ab
l
ed
s
w
i
t
ch
e
s
ar
e u
s
ed
.
T
h
es
e
s
w
i
t
ch
e
s
w
er
e co
n
n
ec
t
ed
t
o
a O
p
en
D
a
y
li
g
h
t
c
o
n
t
ro
l
l
e
r (C
0
).
F
i
g
u
re
4
s
h
o
w
th
e
f
a
t tr
e
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
S
D
N
D
C
N
th
a
t u
s
e
d
in
t
h
e
s
c
e
n
a
r
io
F
i
g
ur
e
4
.
F
a
t tr
e
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
S
D
N
D
C
N
T
h
e
S
p
e
c
if
ic
a
tio
n
s
o
f
O
p
e
n
D
a
y
L
ig
h
t
C
o
n
tr
o
lle
r
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
th
e
T
a
b
le
1
T
ab
l
e 1
.
S
p
e
c
if
ic
a
tio
n
s
o
f
C
o
n
tr
o
lle
r
P
a
r
a
m
et
er
C
o
n
t
r
o
lle
r
I
P
a
d
d
r
e
s
s
1
9
2
.
1
6
8
.
1
.
10
0
P
o
r
t
N
u
m
b
e
r
6
6
3
3
C
LI
E
n
ab
l
ed
O
p
e
n
F
l
o
w
v
e
r
s
i
o
n
1
.3
P
r
o
t
oc
ol
TC
P
C
o
n
n
ec
t
ed
S
w
i
t
ch
OVS
F
in
a
ll
y
,
th
e
s
w
itc
h
b
y
d
e
f
a
u
lt
r
u
n
s
in
th
e
r
o
o
t.
S
o
,
r
u
n
n
in
g
a
c
o
m
m
a
n
d
o
n
th
e
“
s
w
itc
h
”
is
s
i
m
ila
r
f
o
r
r
u
n
n
i
ng
it f
r
o
m
a
r
e
g
u
la
r
te
r
m
i
n
a
l.
I
n
a
ddi
t
i
on
,
e
a
c
h
h
os
t
h
a
s
i
t
s
o
w
n
I
P
a
ddr
e
s
s
w
hi
c
h
w
a
s
de
f
i
n
e
d be
f
or
e
t
h
e
e
m
u
la
tio
n
s
ta
r
t [
1
5
]
.
6.
S
I
M
U
LA
TIO
N
R
ES
U
L
TS
T
h
e g
o
al
f
r
o
m
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
i
s
t
o
p
er
f
o
r
m
t
h
e l
o
ad
b
al
an
ci
n
g
,
b
u
t
at
t
h
e s
a
m
e t
i
m
e e
n
s
u
r
e t
h
at
t
h
e
la
te
n
c
y
i
s
m
in
i
m
u
m
.
D
ij
k
s
tr
a
'
s
a
l
g
o
r
ith
m
is
u
s
e
d
to
f
i
n
d
m
u
lt
ip
le
p
a
th
s
o
f
s
a
m
e
le
n
g
th
i
n
th
e
f
a
t tr
e
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
I
t
is
a
ls
o
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
t
to
n
o
te
t
h
a
t O
p
e
n
D
a
y
lig
h
t c
o
n
tr
o
lle
r
b
y
d
e
f
a
u
lt
f
o
r
w
a
r
d
s
tr
a
f
f
ic
to
a
ll
p
o
r
ts
.
S
o
s
p
eci
f
i
c r
u
l
es
m
i
g
h
t
n
eed
t
o
b
e p
u
s
h
ed
t
o
g
et
a p
r
o
p
er
l
o
ad
b
al
an
ci
n
g
o
u
t
p
u
t
.
C
u
r
r
e
nt
l
y t
he
p
r
o
gr
a
m
s
i
m
p
l
y
f
i
n
d
s
t
h
e
p
at
h
w
i
t
h
l
eas
t
l
o
ad
an
d
f
o
r
w
ar
d
s
t
r
a
f
f
i
c
o
n
t
h
at
p
at
h
,
t
h
e
n
t
h
e
s
t
at
i
c
f
l
o
w
s
ar
e
p
u
s
h
ed
i
n
t
o
each
s
w
i
t
c
h i
n t
he
c
ur
r
e
nt
b
e
s
t
p
a
t
h
s
uc
h a
s
I
n
-
P
o
r
t
,
O
ut
-
P
o
r
t,
S
o
u
r
c
e
I
P
,
D
e
s
tin
a
tio
n
I
P
,
S
o
u
r
c
e
M
A
C
,
D
e
s
ti
n
a
tio
n
M
A
C i
s
f
e
d
to
th
e
f
lo
w
s
.
T
h
e
R
E
S
T
A
P
I
s
is
u
s
e
d
to
c
o
lle
c
t o
p
e
r
a
tio
n
a
l in
f
o
r
m
a
t
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
its
de
v
i
c
e
s
.
W
e
a
r
e
pe
r
f
or
m
i
ng
l
oa
d ba
l
a
n
c
i
ng
be
t
w
e
e
n h
1,
h
3 a
n
d h
4 a
t
t
h
e
m
o
m
e
n
t
.
T
h
e
be
s
t
pa
t
h f
or
bot
h
i
s
v
ia
S
w
itc
h
1
P
o
r
t 4
.
T
h
is
i
s
t
h
e
b
e
s
t p
a
t
h
s
e
le
c
te
d
b
y
O
pe
nF
l
o
w
pr
ot
oc
ol
.
S
o,
a
f
t
e
r
t
h
e
l
oa
d ba
l
a
n
c
e
a
ppl
y
i
n
t
he
S
D
N
D
C
N
us
i
ng
t
he
O
p
e
n
D
a
yL
i
ght
c
o
nt
r
o
l
l
e
r
,
w
e
m
e
a
s
ur
e
d
t
he
t
hr
o
u
ghp
ut
a
nd
t
he
a
ve
r
a
ge
d
e
l
a
y b
e
f
o
r
e
t
h
e l
o
ad
b
al
an
ce (
B
L
D
)
an
d
af
t
er
t
h
e l
o
ad
b
al
an
ce (
A
L
D
)
t
o
ch
eck
t
h
e p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce o
f
t
h
e
l
o
ad
b
al
an
c
e
us
i
n
g
t
he
O
p
e
nD
a
yL
i
gh
t
c
o
nt
r
o
l
l
e
r
o
n t
he
S
D
N
D
C
N
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t
J
E
l
e
c
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
S
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
L
oad B
al
a
nc
e
i
n D
at
a C
e
nt
e
r
SD
N
N
e
t
w
or
k
s
(
T
ar
i
q E
m
ad A
l
i
)
3089
F
i
g
ur
e
s
5,
6 s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
t
h
r
oug
h
p
u
t
be
t
w
e
e
n
H
1 t
o H
3 a
n
d
be
t
w
e
e
n
H
1 t
o H
4
be
f
or
e
a
n
d a
f
t
e
r
t
h
e
l
o
ad
b
al
an
ce at
t
r
ee t
o
p
o
l
o
g
y
S
D
N
D
C
N
r
es
p
ect
i
ve
l
y.
z
i
nc
e
t
he
t
hr
o
u
g
hp
ut
i
s
d
e
f
i
ne
d
a
s
t
he
a
m
o
unt
o
f
d
a
t
a
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
t
t
e
d
f
r
o
m
s
o
u
r
c
e
n
ode
t
o de
s
t
i
n
a
t
i
on
n
ode
i
n
a
g
i
v
e
n
t
i
m
e
pe
r
i
od.
T
h
r
ou
g
h
pu
t
i
s
t
ypi
c
a
l
l
y
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
d i
n
bi
t
s
pe
r
s
e
c
on
d (
bps
)
.
F
i
gu
r
e
s
7,
8
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e av
er
a
g
e d
el
a
y
b
et
w
ee
n
H
1
t
o
H
3
an
d
b
et
w
ee
n
H
1
t
o
H
4
b
ef
o
r
e
an
d
af
t
er
t
h
e l
o
ad
b
al
an
ce at
t
r
ee t
o
p
o
l
o
g
y
S
DN DC
N r
e
s
p
e
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
F
i
g
ur
e
5
.
T
hr
o
ughp
ut
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
H
1
t
o
H
3
us
i
ng T
C
P
T
r
a
f
f
i
c
F
i
g
ur
e
6
.
T
hr
o
ughp
ut
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
H
1
t
o
H
4
us
i
ng T
C
P
T
r
a
f
f
i
c
F
i
g
u
r
e 7
.
A
v
er
ag
e d
el
a
y
b
et
w
een
H
1
t
o
H
3
u
s
i
n
g
T
C
P
T
r
af
f
i
c
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN
:
20
88
-
8708
In
t
J
E
l
e
c
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
V
o
l.
8
, N
o
.
5
,
O
c
t
obe
r
20
18
:
308
4
-
3091
3090
F
i
g
u
r
e 8
.
A
v
er
ag
e d
el
a
y
b
et
w
een
H
1
t
o
H
4
u
s
i
n
g
T
C
P
T
ra
f
fi
c
7.
CO
NCL
U
S
I
O
N
S
D
N
i
s
a
n
e
t
w
or
k t
e
c
hn
ol
ogy t
h
a
t
pr
ov
i
de
t
h
e
g
r
o
w
i
n
g t
oda
y
'
s
n
e
t
w
or
k r
e
qu
i
r
e
m
e
n
t
s
.
T
h
i
s
c
a
n
be
at
t
ai
n
ed
w
i
t
h
o
u
t
a
n
eed
t
o
ad
d
n
e
w
d
ev
i
ce
s
o
r
m
a
n
u
al
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
at
i
o
n
f
o
r
al
l
d
ev
i
ces
.
T
h
e o
n
l
y
r
eq
u
i
r
e
m
e
n
t
i
s
to
h
a
v
e
a
s
w
itc
h
o
r
r
o
u
t
er
w
i
t
h
an
O
p
en
F
l
o
w
p
r
o
t
o
co
l
en
ab
l
ed
f
eat
u
r
e.
I
n
t
h
i
s
w
o
r
k
,
l
o
ad
b
al
an
ce t
ech
n
i
q
u
e i
s
de
s
i
gn
e
d a
n
d i
m
pl
e
m
e
n
t
e
d t
o e
n
s
u
r
e
be
t
t
e
r
l
oa
d di
s
t
r
i
bu
t
i
on
on
f
a
t
t
r
e
e
t
opol
og
y
S
D
N
D
C
N
n
e
t
w
or
k
.
F
or
t
he
t
e
s
t
c
o
nd
i
t
i
o
n
m
e
a
s
ur
e
d
i
n t
he
w
o
r
k
w
e
f
o
und
t
ha
t
a
f
t
e
r
a
n
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on
of
l
oa
d ba
l
a
n
c
i
n
g
t
h
e
t
h
r
oug
h
p
u
t
a
n
d
t
h
e av
er
a
g
e d
el
a
y
i
s
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
.
R
EF
ER
EN
C
ES
[
1]
N
.
F
e
a
m
s
t
e
r
,
J
.
R
e
xf
or
d,
a
nd E
.
Z
e
g
ur
a
,
"
T
he
R
oa
d t
o S
D
N
:
a
n i
nt
e
l
l
e
c
t
ua
l
hi
s
t
or
y
o
f
pr
og
r
a
m
m
a
bl
e
ne
t
w
or
k
s
"
,
A
C
M
S
I
G
C
O
M
M
C
om
put
e
r
C
o
m
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on R
e
v
i
e
w
,
N
e
w
Y
or
k
,
U
S
A
,
A
pr
i
l
201
4
.
[
2]
W
en
f
en
g
X
i
a,
.
Y
ong
g
a
ng
W
e
n ‘
A
S
ur
v
e
y
on S
of
t
w
a
r
e
-
D
e
f
i
ne
d N
e
t
w
or
k
i
ng
’
I
E
E
E
C
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
ons
S
ur
v
e
y
s
&
T
ut
or
i
a
l
s
(
V
ol
um
e
:
17,
I
s
s
ue
:
1,
F
i
r
s
t
qua
r
t
e
r
20
15
)
.
[
3]
M
.
B
as
h
eer
,
E
.
B
as
s
am
‘
S
ur
v
e
y
of
s
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
c
o
m
pone
nt
s
t
o e
m
ul
a
t
e
O
pe
nF
l
ow
pr
ot
oc
o
l
as
an
S
D
N
im
p
le
m
e
n
ta
tio
n
’
D
e
pt
.
of
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
,
M
os
ul
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
,
M
os
ul
,
I
r
a
q,
S
c
i
e
nc
e
P
u
bl
i
s
hi
ng
G
r
oup
,
A
m
e
r
i
c
a
n J
our
na
l
of
S
of
t
w
a
r
e
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
a
nd A
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
o
ns
.
V
o
l
.
3,
N
o
.
6
,
2
01
4,
pp
.
7
4
-
8
2
,
D
ecem
b
er
2
0
1
4
.
.
[
4]
M
a
v
j
e
e
n a
nd
A
dr
a
s
hbi
‘
L
o
a
d
B
a
la
n
c
in
g
U
tiliz
a
tio
n
i
n
D
at
a C
en
t
er
N
et
w
o
r
k
s
’
S
t
ude
nt
S
y
m
pos
i
um
201
5,
S
a
n J
os
e
S
t
a
t
e
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
,
C
a
l
i
f
or
ni
a
,
S
pr
i
ng
20
15.
[
5]
E
.
S
i
l
v
a,
G
.
P
an
t
u
za,
F
.
S
am
p
ai
o
,
B
.
S
an
t
o
s
,
L
.
V
i
ei
r
a,
M
.
V
i
ei
r
a,
a
n
d
D
.
M
aced
o
,
’
En
f
o
r
c
in
g
L
in
k
U
tiliz
a
tio
n
w
ith
T
ra
ff
i
c
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
ng
on S
D
N
’
U
n
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
o
f
F
ed
er
al
d
e M
i
n
as
G
er
ai
s
,
P
o
r
t
u
g
u
es
e,
2
0
1
5
.
[
6]
S
h
av
an
K
.
A
s
k
ar
‘
A
d
ap
t
i
v
e L
o
ad
B
al
an
ci
n
g
S
ch
em
e F
o
r
D
at
a C
en
t
er
N
et
w
o
r
k
s
U
s
i
n
g
S
o
f
t
w
ar
e D
e
f
i
n
ed
N
et
w
o
r
k
’
E
l
ect
r
i
cal
an
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
er
E
n
g
i
n
eer
i
n
g
D
ep
ar
t
m
en
t
,
C
o
l
l
ag
e o
f
E
n
g
i
n
eer
i
n
g
,
U
n
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
of
D
uhok
,
K
ur
di
s
t
a
n
R
e
gi
o
n
-
I
r
a
q
. V
o
l
. 4
,
N
o
.2
, P
p
2
7
5
-
2
86,
2
016
.
[
7]
S
.
W
a
ng
,
J
.
L
uo,
‘
R
a
n
dom
i
z
e
d L
oa
d
-
ba
l
a
nc
e
d R
ou
t
i
ng
f
or
F
a
t
-
t
r
e
e
N
e
t
w
or
k
s
’
I
E
E
E
A
ug
30,
20
17
.
[
8]
J
.
S
ai
s
ag
ar
,
P
r
as
h
an
t
K
o
t
h
ar
i
D
.
,
‘
S
d
n
E
n
ab
l
e
d
P
ack
et
B
as
ed
L
o
ad
-
B
a
l
a
nc
i
ng
(
P
l
b)
T
e
c
hni
que
I
n
D
at
a C
en
t
er
N
e
t
w
or
ks
’
D
e
pa
r
t
m
e
nt
O
f
C
o
m
put
e
r
S
c
i
e
nc
e
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
,
S
r
m
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
,
V
ol
.
1
2,
N
o.
16
,
A
ug
us
t
20
17.
[
9]
C
h
en
-
x
i
a
o
, C
u
i
, a
n
d
X
. Y
a
-
bi
n
,
"
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h on L
oa
d B
a
l
a
nc
e
M
e
t
hods
i
n S
D
N
"
,
I
nt
e
r
na
t
i
ona
l
J
o
ur
n
a
l
of
G
r
i
d a
n
d
D
i
s
t
r
i
but
e
d C
om
put
i
ng
,
V
ol
.
9,
N
o.
5 (
2
01
6)
,
p
p.
26
5
-
2
72,
B
e
i
j
i
ng
I
nf
or
m
a
t
i
on S
c
i
e
nc
e
a
nd T
e
c
hnol
o
gy
U
ni
ve
r
s
i
t
y
,
C
hi
na
,
J
a
n
ua
r
y
2016
.
[
1
0]
X
.
F
ouk
a
s
,
M
.
M
a
r
i
na
,
K
.
K
o
nt
ov
a
s
i
l
i
s
,
"
S
of
t
w
a
r
e
D
e
f
i
ne
d M
o
bi
l
e
N
e
t
w
or
k
s
(
S
D
M
N
)
:
B
e
y
ond L
T
E
N
e
t
w
or
k
A
r
c
h
ite
c
tu
r
e
"
,
1
s
t Ed
itio
n
,
W
I
EL
Y
P
u
b
lis
h
e
r
,
F
in
la
n
d
,
M
a
r
c
h
2
015
.
[
1
1]
V
.
S
h
uk
l
a
,
"
I
nt
r
o
duc
t
i
on
t
o
S
of
t
w
a
r
e
D
e
f
i
ne
d N
e
t
w
or
k
i
ng
-
O
p
en
f
l
o
w
&
V
x
L
A
N
"
,
1
s
t
E
d
i
t
i
o
n
,
C
r
eat
eS
p
ace
I
nde
pe
n
de
nt
P
u
bl
i
s
h
i
ng
P
l
a
t
f
or
m
,
J
une
18,
20
13
.
[
1
2]
D
. K
r
e
u
t
z
, F
. R
a
m
o
s
, P
. V
e
r
i
s
s
i
m
o
, C
. E
s
t
e
v
e
, S
.
A
z
o
d
o
l
m
o
l
k
y
,
a
n
d
S
. U
h
l
i
g
, "
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
-
D
e
f
i
n
ed
N
et
w
o
r
ki
n
g:
A
C
om
pr
e
he
ns
i
v
e
S
ur
v
e
y
"
,
P
r
oc
e
e
di
ng
s
of
t
he
I
E
E
E
.
2
01
5 J
a
n
.
[
1
3]
M
.
J
am
m
al
,
T
.
S
i
n
g
h
,
A
.
S
h
am
i
,
R
.
A
s
al
,
an
d
Y
.
L
i
,
“
S
o
f
t
w
ar
e D
e
f
i
n
ed
N
et
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
:
S
t
at
e o
f
t
h
e A
r
t
an
d
R
es
ear
ch
C
h
al
l
en
g
es
”,
W
es
t
er
n
U
n
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
,
C
an
ad
a,
2
0
1
4
.
[
1
4]
M
a
v
j
e
e
n a
nd A
dr
a
s
hbi
,
"
L
oa
d
B
a
l
a
nc
i
ng
U
t
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
on
i
n D
a
t
a
C
e
n
t
e
r
N
e
t
w
or
ks
”
,
S
t
ude
nt
S
y
m
pos
i
um
2015
,
S
a
n
J
o
s
e
S
ta
te
U
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
,
C
a
li
f
o
r
n
ia
,
S
p
r
in
g
2
0
1
5
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t
J
E
l
e
c
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
S
S
N
:
2088
-
8708
L
oad B
al
a
nc
e
i
n D
at
a C
e
nt
e
r
SD
N
N
e
t
w
or
k
s
(
T
ar
i
q E
m
ad A
l
i
)
3091
[
1
5]
S
.
G
a
ne
s
h a
nd R
a
nj
a
ni
,
"
D
y
na
m
i
c
L
oa
d B
a
l
a
nc
i
ng
us
i
ng
S
of
t
w
a
r
e
D
e
f
i
ne
d N
e
t
w
or
k
s
"
,
I
nt
e
r
na
t
i
o
na
l
C
onf
e
r
e
nc
e
on
C
ur
r
e
nt
T
r
e
nds
i
n
A
dv
a
nc
e
d C
om
put
i
ng
,
S
R
M
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
,
2015
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUT
H
O
RS
M
r
.
T
ar
eq
E
m
ad
A
l
i
h
as
B
.
S
c
an
d
M
.
S
c.
i
n
E
l
ect
r
o
n
i
c an
d
co
m
m
u
n
i
cat
i
o
n
E
n
g
i
n
eer
i
n
g
,
C
o
l
l
eg
e
of
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
,
B
a
g
hda
d uni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
.
H
e
i
s
A
s
s
i
s
t
a
nt
l
e
c
t
ur
e
r
a
t
B
a
g
hda
d uni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
,
A
l
-
K
hw
a
r
i
z
m
i
C
ol
l
a
g
e
o
f
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
,
I
nf
or
m
a
t
i
on a
nd
C
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
D
e
pa
r
t
m
e
nt
.
H
e
ha
s
5
pu
bl
i
s
he
d
s
ci
en
t
i
f
i
c &
t
ech
n
i
cal
p
ap
er
s
i
n
cl
u
d
i
n
g
I
E
E
E
e
x
p
l
o
r
er
.
M
r
.
T
ar
eq
E
m
ad
h
as
1
0
y
ear
s
o
f
a
cad
e
m
i
c &
p
r
act
i
cal
’
s
an
d
co
n
s
u
l
t
i
n
g
ex
p
er
i
en
ce i
n
N
et
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
cat
i
o
n
.
H
e cu
r
r
en
t
l
y
t
each
es
&
co
n
d
u
ct
s
r
es
ear
ch
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
i
n
t
h
e ar
eas
o
f
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e co
m
p
u
t
er
n
et
w
o
r
ks
,
s
of
t
c
om
put
i
ng
,
i
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
nt
a
g
e
nt
s
,
A
d H
oc
ne
t
w
or
k
s
,
W
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
S
e
ns
or
N
e
t
w
or
k
s
,
R
out
i
ng
P
r
ot
oc
ol
s
a
nd S
e
c
ur
i
t
y
of
V
A
N
E
T
s
,
S
m
a
r
t
A
nt
e
nna
i
n M
A
N
E
T
s
a
nd W
i
M
A
X
N
e
t
w
or
k
s
,
S
D
N
Ne
t
w
o
r
k
s,
I
OT
,
I
OE
,
I
OV
a
n
d
o
t
h
e
r
s.
D
r
.
A
m
eer
H
.
M
o
r
ad
i
s
A
s
s
oc
i
a
t
e
P
r
of
e
s
s
or
i
n t
he
D
e
pa
r
t
m
e
nt
of
I
n
f
or
m
a
t
i
on a
nd
C
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on,
A
l
K
hw
a
r
i
z
m
i
C
ol
l
e
g
e
of
E
ng
.
,
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
of
B
a
ghda
d.
P
r
e
s
e
nt
l
y
he
i
s
i
nv
ol
v
e
d
i
n r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h w
or
k
i
n t
he
a
r
e
a
s
l
i
k
e
I
m
a
g
e
P
r
oc
e
s
s
i
ng
,
C
om
put
e
r
V
i
s
i
on,
V
i
s
ua
l
C
r
y
pt
og
r
a
phy
a
nd
N
e
t
wo
r
k
s
ecu
r
i
t
y
.
D
r
.
M
o
h
am
m
ed
A
.
A
b
d
al
a i
s
A
s
s
o
ci
at
e P
r
o
f
es
s
o
r
a
nd H
e
a
d of
E
l
e
c
t
r
oni
c
a
nd C
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on
En
g
in
e
e
r
in
g
,
U
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
o
f
A
L
H
u
s
s
a
in
.
H
e i
s
a S
en
i
o
r
m
e
m
b
er
o
f
I
E
E
E
,
I
r
aq
i
E
n
g
i
n
eer
s
U
n
i
o
n
an
d
F
e
d
er
at
i
o
n
o
f
A
r
ab
E
n
g
i
n
eer
s
.
H
e i
s
act
i
v
e i
n
w
o
r
k
s
t
h
at
l
e
d
t
o
t
h
e es
t
ab
l
i
s
h
m
en
t
o
f
s
ev
er
al
en
g
i
n
eer
i
n
g
d
ep
ar
t
m
en
t
s
&
co
l
l
eg
es
i
n
I
r
aq
.
H
e p
u
b
l
i
s
h
ed
m
o
r
e t
h
an
3
7
s
ci
en
t
i
f
i
c &
t
ech
n
i
cal
p
ap
er
s
.
D
r
.
A
b
d
al
a h
as
3
0
y
ear
s
o
f
ac
ad
e
m
i
c
&
co
n
s
u
l
t
i
n
g
ex
p
er
i
en
ce i
n
M
i
cr
o
el
ect
r
o
n
i
cs
&
A
d
v
an
c
ed
V
L
S
I
.
H
e
cu
r
r
en
t
l
y
t
e
ach
es
&
co
n
d
u
ct
s
r
es
ear
ch
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
i
n
t
h
e ar
eas
o
f
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
e
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
,
i
m
a
g
e
pr
oc
e
s
s
i
ng
,
a
nd c
om
put
e
r
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.