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f
r
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I
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D
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T
h
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m
icr
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s
tr
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b
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m
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tec
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to
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esig
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n
a
s
o
p
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g
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n
t
h
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lo
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d
l
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ttle
h
ig
h
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f
r
eq
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n
cies.
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h
e
m
icr
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s
tr
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a
n
ten
n
a
co
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s
i
s
ts
o
f
t
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t
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m
ax
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m
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w
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d
[
1
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4
]
.
T
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co
p
lan
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w
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(
C
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[
5
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
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g
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
9
:
3
1
1
5
-
3120
3116
2.
ANT
E
NNA
G
E
O
M
E
T
RY
T
h
e
C
P
W
an
ten
n
a
d
ep
icted
i
n
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
h
as
b
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n
ch
o
s
e
n
with
a
cir
c
u
lar
r
a
d
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p
atch
c
o
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n
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ted
to
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s
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s
tab
lis
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w
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t
w
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p
ar
tial
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
la
n
es
o
n
th
e
to
p
o
f
t
h
e
d
ielec
tr
ic
s
u
b
s
tr
ate.
T
h
e
f
r
ac
tal
g
eo
m
etr
y
ap
p
lied
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th
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ad
iato
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ased
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cu
lar
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h
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p
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f
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s
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tiv
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t
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ig
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lo
w
er
ar
e
D1
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D2
an
d
D3
as sh
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
re
1
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T
h
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
u
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ed
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n
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p
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ten
n
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E
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o
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FR
4
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
th
e
b
elo
w
f
ea
t
u
r
es:
a.
Su
b
s
tr
ate
t
h
ic
k
n
e
s
s
:
h
=1
.
6
m
m
.
b.
R
elati
v
e
d
ielec
tr
ic
p
er
m
itti
v
it
y
Ԑ
r
=4
.
4
.
c.
Dielec
tr
ic
lo
s
s
: ta
n
(
δ)
=0
.
0
2
5
.
d.
Me
tallic
th
ick
n
es
s
: t=
3
5
μ
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
Geo
m
etr
y
o
f
th
e
v
alid
ated
an
te
n
n
a
T
h
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d
if
f
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en
t
v
a
lu
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o
f
th
e
o
p
ti
m
ized
p
ar
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e
ter
s
o
f
th
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s
i
m
u
lated
an
te
n
n
a
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
in
t
h
e
T
ab
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1
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T
ab
le
1
.
C
alcu
lated
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d
v
alid
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ted
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im
e
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io
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o
f
th
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d
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g
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e
d
an
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n
a
P
a
r
a
me
t
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r
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a
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(
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3.
ANT
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D
E
SI
G
N
T
h
e
m
ain
elec
tr
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m
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o
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s
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ten
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a
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
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lec
&
C
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p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
N
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ve
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n
s
id
er
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as
o
r
ig
i
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l
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te
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a
w
it
h
lo
w
co
s
t,
ea
s
e
o
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f
ab
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icatio
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d
f
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it
h
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h
e
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
o
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r
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f
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ctio
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m
ea
s
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ed
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d
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m
p
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ted
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m
atch
ed
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n
ter
m
s
o
f
in
p
u
t
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
at
5
0
Ω
,
th
e
r
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
is
u
n
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
in
all
f
r
eq
u
en
cie
s
o
f
th
e
F
C
C
b
a
n
d
.
T
h
e
g
ain
s
u
b
d
iv
id
e
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h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
an
g
e
to
t
w
o
b
an
d
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
its
v
alu
e,
in
th
e
lo
w
er
f
r
eq
u
en
c
ies
th
e
an
te
n
n
a
ca
n
b
e
o
p
er
atin
g
in
i
n
d
o
o
r
UW
B
ap
p
licatio
n
s
w
h
ile
in
t
h
e
h
ig
h
er
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies
th
e
an
te
n
n
a
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
in
t
h
e
o
u
td
o
o
r
cir
cu
its
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
S
.
Na
tara
ja
m
a
n
i,
S
.
K
u
m
a
r
Be
h
e
ra
,
S
.
Ku
m
a
r
P
a
tra,
“
P
lan
a
r
UW
B
F
ra
c
tal
A
n
ten
n
a
w
it
h
Ba
n
d
-
N
o
tch
e
d
Ch
a
ra
c
teristic,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
S
y
ste
ms
(ICES
-
2
0
1
1
),
7
-
9
Ja
n
2
0
1
1
,
NIT
Ro
u
rk
e
la,
In
d
ia,
p
.
2
9
0
,
2
0
1
1
.
[2
]
P
.
F
e
lb
e
r,
F
ra
c
tal
A
n
ten
n
a
s
,
“
A
li
tera
tu
re
stu
d
y
a
s
a
p
ro
jec
t
f
o
r
ECE
5
7
6
Il
li
n
o
is
In
stit
u
te
o
f
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
12,
”
2
0
0
0
(Re
v
ise
d
:
Ja
n
u
a
ry
1
6
,
2
0
0
1
),
p
.
5
,
2
0
0
1
.
[3
]
R.
Ku
m
a
r,
D.
M
a
g
a
r,
K.
Ka
il
a
s
S
a
w
a
n
,
“
On
th
e
d
e
sig
n
o
f
in
sc
rib
e
d
tri
a
n
g
le
c
ircu
lar
f
r
a
c
tal
a
n
ten
n
a
f
o
r
U
W
B
ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
”
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
s (
AE
Ü) A
c
c
e
p
ted
,
p
.
6
8
,
1
0
M
a
y
2
0
1
1
.
[4
]
G
.
M
.
Ya
n
g
,
R.
H.
Jin
,
G
.
B.
X
iao
,
C.
V
it
to
ria,
V
.
G
.
Ha
rris,
a
n
d
N.
X
.
S
u
n
,
“
Ultra
-
w
id
e
b
a
n
d
(UW
B)
A
n
ten
n
a
s
W
it
h
M
u
lt
ires
o
n
a
n
t
S
p
l
it
-
Rin
g
L
o
o
p
s
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
On
An
ten
n
a
s
An
d
Pro
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
,
Vo
l
.
5
7
,
N
o
.
1
,
p
.
2
5
6
,
Ja
n
u
a
ry
2
0
0
9
.
[5
]
G
.
M
.
Ya
n
g
,
R.
H.
Jin
,
G
.
B.
X
ia
o
,
C.
V
it
t
o
ria,
V
.
G
.
Ha
rris,
a
n
d
N.
X
.
S
u
n
,
“
Ultraw
id
e
b
a
n
d
(UW
B)
A
n
ten
n
a
s
W
it
h
M
u
lt
ires
o
n
a
n
t
S
p
l
it
-
Rin
g
L
o
o
p
s,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
O
n
A
n
ten
n
a
s
A
n
d
P
r
o
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
,
Vo
l.
5
7
,
No
.
1
,
p
.
2
5
6
,
Ja
n
u
a
r
y
2
0
0
9
.
[6
]
N
.
M
.
S
a
h
a
r,
M
.
T
.
Isla
m
a
n
d
N.
M
isra
n
,
“
A
n
a
ly
sis
o
f
F
ra
c
tal
A
n
t
e
n
n
a
f
o
r
Ultra
-
W
id
e
b
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
,
”
Res
e
a
rc
h
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
A
p
p
li
e
d
S
c
ien
c
e
s,
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
7
(1
0
):
2
0
2
2
-
2
0
2
6
,
2
0
1
4
.
[7
]
R.
L
.
Ya
d
a
v
a
,
M
.
Ra
m
a
n
d
S
.
Da
s,
“
M
u
lt
ib
a
n
d
T
rian
g
u
lar
F
ra
c
tal
A
n
ten
n
a
f
o
r
M
o
b
il
e
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,
”
R
L
Ya
d
a
v
e
t.
a
l.
/
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
Vo
l.
2
(1
1
),
6
3
3
5
-
6
3
4
8
,
2
0
1
0
.
[8
]
M
.
L
e
v
y
,
S
tu
d
e
n
t
m
e
m
b
e
r,
IEE
E,
D.
S
riram
Ku
m
a
r,
A
n
h
Din
h
,
“
A
No
v
e
l
F
ra
c
tal
U
w
b
A
n
ten
n
a
F
o
r
Earth
q
u
a
k
e
A
n
d
T
su
n
a
m
i
P
re
d
icti
o
n
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
(
L
ET
P
A
),
”
2
0
1
3
2
6
th
IEE
E
Ca
n
a
d
ian
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
A
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(CCECE
)
,
2
0
1
3
.
[9
]
R.
Ku
m
a
r
a
n
d
K.
K.
S
a
w
a
n
t,
“
D
e
s
ig
n
o
f
CP
W
-
F
e
d
F
o
u
rth
Itera
ti
v
e
UW
B
F
ra
c
tal
A
n
te
n
n
a
,
”
In
tern
a
t
io
n
a
l
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
of
M
icro
w
a
v
e
a
n
d
Op
ti
c
a
l
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
V
o
l.
5
,
N
o
.
6
,
No
v
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
0
.
[1
0
]
R.
Ku
m
a
r,
“
Ultra
-
W
id
e
Ba
n
d
An
ten
n
a
f
o
r
Bio
lo
g
ica
l
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
”
In
t.
J
.
o
f
Rec
e
n
t
T
re
n
d
s
i
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
Vo
l.
4
,
No
.
3
,
N
o
v
2
0
1
0
.
[1
1
]
B.
Ra
m
a
R
a
o
,
S
.
A
le
k
h
y
a
a
n
d
Dr.
P
.
V
.
S
r
id
e
v
i,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
Cir
c
u
lar
w
it
h
tri
a
n
g
le
M
icro
strip
F
ra
c
tal
A
n
ten
n
a
f
o
r
Du
a
l
b
a
n
d
a
n
d
UW
B
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
c
ien
t
if
ic
&
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
V
o
l
u
m
e
4
,
Iss
u
e
7
,
Ju
ly
-
2013.
[1
2
]
R.
Ku
m
a
r,
S
h
e
e
tal
G
a
i
k
w
a
d
a
n
d
M
.
T
e
c
h
,
“
On
th
e
De
sig
n
o
f
Na
n
o
-
a
rm
F
ra
c
tal
A
n
ten
n
a
f
o
r
UW
B
W
ir
e
les
s
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
icr
o
wa
v
e
s,
Op
t
o
e
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
E
lec
tro
ma
g
n
e
ti
c
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
Vo
l.
1
2
,
No
.
1
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
1
3
.
[1
3
]
R.
G
h
a
ta
k
,
B.
Bis
w
a
s2
,
A
.
Ka
r
m
a
k
a
r
a
n
d
Dip
a
k
R.
P
o
d
d
a
r,
“
A
Ci
rc
u
lar
F
ra
c
tal
U
w
b
A
n
ten
n
a
Ba
se
d
On
De
sc
a
rtes
Circle
T
h
e
o
re
m
W
it
h
Ba
n
d
Re
je
c
ti
o
n
Ca
p
a
b
il
it
y
,
”
Pro
g
re
ss
In
E
lec
tro
ma
g
n
e
ti
c
s
Res
e
a
rc
h
C
,
Vo
l.
3
7
,
2
3
5
-
2
4
8
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
4
]
Dh
rg
h
a
m
.
K.
Na
ji
,
Ja
b
e
r.
S
.
A
z
i
z
a
n
d
Ra
a
d
S
.
F
y
a
th
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
S
im
u
latio
n
o
f
RF
ID
A
p
e
rtu
re
Co
u
p
led
F
ra
c
tal
A
n
ten
n
a
s,”
Or
ig
in
a
l
ly
p
u
b
li
s
h
e
d
in
th
e
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
R
a
d
i
o
Fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
Id
e
n
ti
f
ica
ti
o
n
&
W
ire
les
s
S
e
n
so
r
Ne
two
rk
s
,
IS
S
N 1
8
4
7
-
9
8
1
2
,
v
o
l
.
4
,
2
5
:
2
0
1
2
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
A
k
r
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m
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5
F
e
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ra
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ry
1
9
8
2
.
He
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d
th
e
In
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re
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in
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o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
th
e
In
stit
u
t
o
f
p
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s
a
n
d
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c
o
m
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n
ica
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o
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s
(INP
T
),
Ra
b
a
t,
M
o
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c
o
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i
n
2
0
0
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,
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Un
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rre
n
tl
y
a
n
a
ss
o
c
iate
P
r
o
f
e
ss
o
r
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
th
e
rm
a
l
tran
sf
e
r
a
n
d
term
o
d
y
n
a
m
ic
in
f
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
sc
ien
c
e
s
a
n
d
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
s
Un
iv
e
rsity
Ha
ss
a
n
1
s
t,
S
e
tt
a
t,
,
M
o
ro
c
c
o
.
He
is
in
v
o
l
v
e
d
in
th
e
d
e
sig
n
o
f
h
y
b
rid
,
m
o
n
o
li
th
ic ac
ti
v
e
a
n
d
p
a
ss
iv
e
m
ic
ro
w
a
v
e
e
lec
tro
n
ic circ
u
it
s.
J
a
m
a
l
Zb
ito
u
wa
s
b
o
rn
in
F
e
s
,
M
o
ro
c
c
o
,
in
Ju
n
e
1
9
7
6
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
f
ro
m
t
h
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Na
n
tes
,
N
a
n
tes
,
F
ra
n
c
e
,
in
2
0
0
5
.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
in
th
e
F
a
c
u
l
ty
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
s
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s,
Un
i
v
e
rsit
y
H
a
ss
a
n
1
st
in
S
e
tt
a
t
,
M
o
ro
c
c
o
.
He
is
in
v
o
lv
e
d
i
n
th
e
d
e
sig
n
o
f
h
y
b
rid
,
m
o
n
o
li
t
h
ic
a
c
ti
v
e
a
n
d
p
a
ss
iv
e
m
icro
wa
v
e
e
lec
tro
n
ic circ
u
it
s.
Ahm
e
d
Er
r
k
i
k
w
a
s b
o
rn
in
J
u
ly
1
9
6
0
i
n
M
o
ro
c
c
o
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
e
in
p
h
y
sic
s
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
Co
m
p
ièg
n
e
(U
T
C),
Co
m
p
ièg
n
e
,
F
ra
n
c
e
.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
n
a
ss
o
c
iate
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
o
f
p
h
y
sic
s
in
F
S
T
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
Ha
ss
a
n
1
st,
S
e
tt
a
t
,
M
o
r
o
c
c
o
,
a
n
d
h
e
is
th
e
h
e
a
d
o
f
th
e
lab
o
ra
to
ry
L
M
EE
T
.
He
is
in
v
o
lv
e
d
in
th
e
d
e
sig
n
o
f
h
y
b
rid
,
m
o
n
o
li
th
ic
a
c
ti
v
e
a
n
d
p
a
ss
iv
e
m
icro
w
a
v
e
e
le
c
tro
n
ic circ
u
it
s.
Abd
e
lw
a
h
e
d
T
r
ib
a
k
wa
s
b
o
rn
in
L
a
ra
c
h
e
,
M
o
ro
c
c
o
,
in
1
9
8
1
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
M
.
S
c
.
d
e
g
re
e
in
p
h
y
sic
s
f
ro
m
A
b
d
e
lma
lek
Essa
a
d
i
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
T
é
to
u
a
n
,
M
o
ro
c
c
o
,
in
2
0
0
6
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
a
M
a
ste
r
d
e
g
re
e
in
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
C
a
n
tab
ria,
S
a
n
tan
d
e
r,
S
p
a
i
n
,
i
n
2
0
0
8
,
a
n
d
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
P
h
D
o
f
Tele
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
d
e
g
re
e
in
2
0
1
1
,
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Ca
n
tab
ria,
S
a
n
tan
d
e
r,
S
p
a
i
n
.
S
i
n
c
e
2
0
0
6
to
2
0
1
1
,
h
e
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
w
it
h
th
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Ca
n
tab
ria.
S
in
c
e
2
0
1
1
h
e
is
a
P
r
o
f
e
ss
o
r
in
th
e
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
I
n
stit
u
te
o
f
P
o
ste
a
n
d
T
e
lec
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
Ra
b
a
t,
M
o
r
o
c
c
o
.
His
m
a
in
a
re
a
o
f
a
c
ti
v
it
ies
is
m
icro
w
a
v
e
c
ircu
it
s
a
n
d
s
y
ste
m
s;
a
n
ten
n
a
fe
e
d
su
b
s
y
ste
m
s
f
o
r
sa
telli
te
a
n
d
ra
d
io
-
a
stro
n
o
m
y
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
.
M
o
h
a
m
e
d
L
a
tr
a
c
h
wa
s
b
o
rn
in
Do
u
a
rKs
ib
a
,
S
les
s,
M
o
r
o
c
c
o
,
i
n
1
9
5
8
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
L
i
m
o
g
e
s,
L
i
m
o
g
e
s,
F
ra
n
c
e
,
in
1
9
9
0
.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
t
ly
a
P
r
o
f
e
ss
o
r
o
f
m
icro
w
a
v
e
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
w
it
h
th
e
Eco
leSu
p
rieu
re
d
’El
e
c
tro
n
i
q
u
e
d
e
l’Ou
e
s
t
(ES
EO),
A
n
g
e
rs,
F
ra
n
c
e
,
w
h
e
re
h
is
re
se
a
rc
h
in
v
o
lv
e
s
RF
a
n
d
m
icr
o
w
a
v
e
s.
His
f
ield
o
f
in
tere
st
is
th
e
d
e
sig
n
o
f
h
y
b
rid
,
m
o
n
o
l
it
h
i
c
a
c
ti
v
e
,
a
n
d
p
a
ss
iv
e
m
icro
w
a
v
e
c
ircu
it
s,
m
e
ta
m
a
teria
ls,
L
H
m
a
teria
ls,
a
n
ten
n
a
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
ir
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
i
n
w
irele
ss
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,
a
n
d
w
irele
ss
p
o
w
e
r
tran
sm
issio
n
.
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