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ad
d
itio
n
to
its
b
en
e
f
it
s
f
o
r
tr
ea
t
m
en
t
d
iab
etes,
h
ea
r
t
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
,
ar
t
h
r
itis
p
ai
n
,
h
ig
h
c
h
o
lest
er
o
l
,
m
etab
o
lis
m
an
d
d
ig
esti
o
n
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
w
id
el
y
u
t
ilizatio
n
o
f
w
a
te
r
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
f
o
r
ir
r
ig
ati
o
n
ap
p
licatio
n
s
w
i
th
atte
n
tio
n
o
f
s
ca
r
cit
y
o
f
f
o
s
s
il
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
u
s
ed
in
tr
ad
itio
n
al
w
a
ter
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
p
r
ices
’
r
is
e
an
d
u
n
d
esir
ab
le
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
i
m
p
ac
ts
,
it
s
ee
m
s
e
s
s
e
n
tial
to
r
ep
lace
th
e
m
w
it
h
n
e
w
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
R
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
ies
e
x
p
lo
it
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
f
n
at
u
r
al
o
r
ig
in
(
s
u
n
,
w
i
n
d
,
w
ater
.
.
.
)
.
T
h
ey
r
ep
r
es
en
t
e
n
er
g
ie
s
o
f
f
u
t
u
r
e
in
t
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
w
h
er
e
th
e
y
ar
e
in
ex
h
a
u
s
tib
le
a
n
d
p
r
eser
v
e
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
[
8
]
.
W
in
d
an
d
s
o
lar
s
y
s
te
m
s
i
n
f
o
r
m
o
f
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
s
ca
n
o
p
er
ate
as
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
p
o
w
er
p
r
o
v
id
er
,
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
s
u
p
p
l
y
lo
ad
s
w
ith
o
u
t
co
n
n
ec
ti
n
g
to
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
a
n
d
is
la
n
d
m
o
d
e
[
9
]
.
S
m
all
s
ca
le
r
en
e
w
a
b
le
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
m
a
k
e
a
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
f
o
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
in
ag
r
icu
l
tu
r
e
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
is
p
a
p
er
p
r
esen
ts
a
n
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
o
p
tim
izatio
n
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
u
s
i
n
g
Gen
etic
Alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
(
GA
)
f
o
r
s
ta
n
d
alo
n
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
,
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
w
i
n
d
s
y
s
te
m
an
d
s
ta
n
d
alo
n
e
P
V
-
w
i
n
d
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
p
o
w
er
in
g
a
n
ir
r
ig
ati
n
g
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
a
f
ar
m
er
’
s
h
o
u
s
e.
A
b
u
-
R
u
d
ies
a
n
d
E
l
-
A
r
i
s
h
r
eg
io
n
s
i
n
S
in
ai,
E
g
y
p
t
ar
e
th
e
t
w
o
s
ite
s
u
n
d
er
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
o
p
tim
i
za
tio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
i
n
g
HOG
A
,
th
e
p
o
w
er
f
u
l
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
to
o
l
w
h
ic
h
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
ll
y
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
t
h
e
b
est
tec
h
n
ica
l
a
n
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
s
y
s
te
m
to
ad
o
p
t
f
o
r
th
e
s
ite
[
1
2
]
.
A
n
ir
r
ig
atio
n
p
u
m
p
o
f
1
.
5
k
W
an
d
a
d
is
ch
a
r
g
e
r
ate
o
f
3
4
m
3
/
h
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
ir
r
ig
ati
n
g
te
n
ac
r
es
o
f
o
liv
e
in
A
b
u
-
R
u
d
ies
a
n
d
E
l
-
A
r
i
s
h
r
eg
io
n
s
to
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
eir
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
it
y
a
n
d
h
e
n
ce
to
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
o
n
t
h
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
2.
SYST
E
M
CO
M
P
O
NE
NT
S
Fo
r
th
e
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
a
n
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ical
e
v
al
u
atio
n
o
f
r
e
n
e
w
ab
le
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
it
i
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
av
ailab
ilit
y
o
f
r
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
v
er
a
p
er
io
d
o
f
o
n
e
y
ea
r
.
T
h
e
d
et
ails
o
f
th
e
s
elec
ted
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
s
u
c
h
as
tech
n
ical
an
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ical
d
ata
m
u
s
t
b
e
en
ter
ed
.
T
h
e
co
s
t
o
f
ea
c
h
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
in
cl
u
d
es
ca
p
ital
co
s
t,
r
ep
lace
m
e
n
t
co
s
t,
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
m
ain
ten
a
n
ce
c
o
s
t.
A
ls
o
,
t
h
e
d
etailed
d
ata
o
f
th
e
elec
tr
ical
lo
ad
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
id
en
tif
ied
.
T
h
e
b
lo
c
k
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
t
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
PV
-
w
i
n
d
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
w
h
ich
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
in
th
i
s
p
ap
er
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
I
t
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
s
o
lar
P
V
ar
r
a
y
,
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
in
es,
b
atter
y
b
a
n
k
an
d
in
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
co
s
t
s
an
d
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
y
s
te
m
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
1
,
T
ab
le
2
,
T
ab
le
3
an
d
T
a
b
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4
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
t
h
e
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
PV
-
w
i
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d
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b
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s
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m
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.
P
V
m
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co
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p
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if
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p
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(A)
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3.
RE
SO
UR
C
ES
D
AT
A
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
f
o
r
d
eter
m
in
i
n
g
th
e
o
p
ti
m
al
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
r
e
n
e
w
ab
le
p
o
wer
s
y
s
te
m
s
is
s
t
u
d
y
i
n
g
t
h
e
av
ai
lab
ilit
y
o
f
s
o
lar
an
d
w
in
d
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
at
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
lo
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
a
n
n
u
al
d
ata
o
f
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
an
d
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
f
o
r
A
b
u
-
R
u
d
ies an
d
E
l
-
A
r
is
h
lo
ca
tio
n
s
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
s
ec
tio
n
s
.
3
.
1
.
Abu
-
Ru
dies
L
o
ca
t
io
n
A
b
u
-
R
ad
i
u
s
r
eg
io
n
w
as
ex
p
o
s
ed
ev
er
y
y
ea
r
to
h
ea
v
y
r
ai
n
an
d
to
r
r
en
ts
lead
in
g
to
a
h
ea
v
y
f
in
a
n
cial
lo
s
s
es
an
d
h
u
m
a
n
d
a
m
a
g
es.
T
h
is
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m
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ased
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w
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h
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l
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it
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at
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h
e
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ater
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m
a
n
d
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th
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h
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h
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d
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A
p
r
-
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.
m
o
n
th
s
,
w
h
ile
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s
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h
e
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d
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r
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g
No
v
-
Feb
.
m
o
n
th
s
as
s
h
o
w
n
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T
ab
le
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.
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cc
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in
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l
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t
h
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a
m
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t
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ater
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eq
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ir
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f
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r
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r
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y
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if
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er
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n
t
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i
n
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ab
le
7
.
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h
e
p
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k
w
a
ter
r
eq
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ir
e
m
e
n
t
is
s
elec
ted
f
o
r
esti
m
a
tin
g
t
h
e
s
ize
o
f
t
h
e
ir
r
ig
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p
u
m
p
w
h
ic
h
is
n
ee
d
ed
f
o
r
lif
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g
t
h
is
a
m
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u
n
t
o
f
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ater
to
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g
h
t
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f
1
0
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eter
.
Du
r
in
g
t
h
e
h
ea
v
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y
m
o
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t
h
s
(
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v
.
-
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.
)
th
e
d
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y
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t
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ical
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s
in
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th
e
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ig
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p
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l
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f
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s
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;
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r
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m
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ates
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ased
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f
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s
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cr
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T
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ated
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ater
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ased
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[
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.
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p
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if
icatio
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p
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Mo
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J
an
.
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.
Ma
r
.
A
p
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.
Ma
y
.
J
u
n
.
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u
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g
.
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v
.
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.
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x
.
a
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4
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6
1
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5
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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a
med
A
h
med
)
1801
T
h
e
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
th
e
ir
r
ig
atio
n
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
tem
is
7
.
5
k
W
h
p
er
d
ay
.
T
h
e
to
tal
elec
tr
ical
lo
ad
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
an
ir
r
ig
atio
n
p
u
m
p
an
d
s
o
m
e
elec
tr
ical
ap
p
lian
ce
s
f
o
r
th
e
f
ar
m
er
’
s
h
o
u
s
e
s
u
ch
as
telev
is
io
n
,
co
m
p
ac
t
f
lu
o
r
escen
t
lam
p
s
,
ce
ilin
g
f
an
,
r
ef
r
ig
er
ato
r
an
d
w
ash
in
g
m
ac
h
in
e
as
in
d
icate
d
in
T
ab
le
9
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
d
aily
lo
ad
p
r
o
f
ile
f
o
r
a
ty
p
ical
tw
o
d
ay
s
o
f
w
in
ter
an
d
s
u
m
m
er
s
ea
s
o
n
s
.
T
ab
le
6
.
T
h
e
am
o
u
n
t o
f
w
ater
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
ir
r
ig
atin
g
o
n
e
tr
ee
/d
ay
o
f
o
liv
e
at
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
m
o
n
t
h
s
a
n
d
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
g
r
o
w
t
h
a
g
es i
n
E
g
y
p
t
A
g
e
s b
y
y
e
a
r
s
Q
u
a
n
t
i
t
y
o
f
w
a
t
e
r
b
y
l
i
t
e
r
/
t
r
e
e
/
d
a
y
Jan
.
&
F
e
b
.
M
a
r
.
A
p
r
.
—
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e
p
.
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c
t
.
N
o
v
.
&
D
e
c
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
M
o
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e
t
h
a
n
6
10
20
25
30
35
40
50
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
30
40
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60
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80
1
0
0
20
30
40
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60
70
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20
25
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35
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T
ab
le
7
.
T
h
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am
o
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n
t o
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ater
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eq
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ir
ed
f
o
r
ir
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atin
g
1
0
ac
r
es p
er
d
ay
M
o
n
t
h
Jan
.
-
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e
b
.
&
N
o
v
.
-
D
e
c
.
M
a
r
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&
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c
t
.
A
p
r
.
—
S
e
p
.
Q
u
a
n
t
i
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y
o
f
w
a
t
e
r
(
m
3
/
d
a
y
)
85
1
3
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1
7
0
T
ab
le
8
.
I
r
r
ig
atio
n
p
u
m
p
s
p
ec
if
icatio
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u
mp
M
o
d
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l
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o
w
e
r
(
K
W
)
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a
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h
e
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m)
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m3
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H
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/
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R
M
1
.
5
12
36
T
ab
le
9
.
T
h
e
d
aily
elec
tr
ical
lo
ad
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
t
L
o
a
d
t
y
p
e
N
o
.
o
f
u
n
i
t
s
L
o
a
d
p
o
w
e
r
(
W
)
N
o
.
o
f
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
h
o
u
r
s
TV
1
1
0
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0
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M
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1
2
A
M
&
7
P
M
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1
0
P
M
En
e
r
g
y
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i
n
g
l
a
m
p
5
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M
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M
O
u
t
d
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a
mp
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20
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M
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M
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e
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u
mp
1
1
5
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M
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M
&
5
P
M
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7
P
M
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Ho
u
r
l
y
elec
tr
ical
lo
a
d
p
r
o
f
ile
f
o
r
a
ty
p
ical
d
a
y
i
n
win
ter
an
d
a
t
y
p
ical
d
a
y
i
n
s
u
m
m
er
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
7
:
1
7
9
7
–
1
8
1
4
1802
5.
M
AT
H
E
M
AT
I
CAL M
O
DE
L
I
N
G
O
F
RE
N
E
W
AB
L
E
P
O
WE
R
SY
ST
E
M
CO
M
P
O
NE
N
T
S
T
h
e
m
ath
e
m
at
ical
m
o
d
el
s
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
r
ee
r
en
e
w
a
b
le
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
w
ill
b
e
d
escr
ib
ed
in
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
s
ec
t
io
n
s
.
5
.
1
.
P
V
Arr
a
y
M
o
del
Ou
tp
u
t e
lectr
ic
p
o
w
er
f
r
o
m
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
is
g
i
v
en
b
y
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
E
q
u
atio
n
[
1
1
]
:
r
M
M
M
I
A
P
(
1
)
W
h
er
e
M
is
th
e
p
o
w
er
co
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le,
A
M
(m
2
)
is
t
h
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
a
r
ea
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
l
e
an
d
I
r
(
W
/m
2
)
i
s
t
h
e
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
.
Fo
r
P
V
g
e
n
er
ato
r
,
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
c
u
r
r
en
t o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
i
s
u
s
u
al
l
y
s
ca
led
-
u
p
b
y
co
n
n
ec
tin
g
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
i
n
s
er
ies
an
d
p
ar
allel
to
co
n
s
tit
u
t
e
th
e
P
V
ar
r
a
y
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
o
f
th
e
s
o
lar
P
V
ar
r
ay
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as f
o
l
lo
w
[
1
7
]
:
M
p
s
a
r
r
a
y
P
N
N
P
(
2
)
W
h
er
e,
N
s
, N
p
an
d
P
M
ar
e
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
s
in
s
er
ies,
p
ar
allel
an
d
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
p
o
w
er
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
5
.
2
.
Wind
T
urbi
ne
M
o
del
P
o
w
er
o
u
tp
u
t o
f
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
at
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
i
te
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
at
h
u
b
h
eig
h
t
an
d
s
p
ee
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e.
T
h
e
p
o
w
er
e
x
tr
ac
te
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
in
g
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
E
q
u
atio
n
s
[
1
8
]
:
3
2
1
w
in
d
p
w
in
d
AV
C
p
(
3
)
W
h
er
e,
ρ
is
th
e
air
d
en
s
it
y
(
k
g
/
m
3
)
,
A
is
th
e
r
o
to
r
s
w
ep
t a
r
ea
(
m
2
)
,
V
w
ind
is
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
(
m
/s
)
a
n
d
C
P
is
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
co
ef
f
ic
ien
t o
f
th
e
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e.
5
.
3
.
B
a
t
t
er
y
M
o
del
W
h
en
th
er
e
is
an
ex
ce
s
s
o
f
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
P
V
g
en
er
ato
r
an
d
th
e
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
e,
af
ter
m
ee
tin
g
th
e
lo
ad
d
em
an
d
th
is
en
er
g
y
w
ill
b
e
u
s
ed
to
ch
ar
g
e
th
e
b
atter
y
b
an
k
an
d
s
to
r
e
it
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
u
s
e
.
E
q
u
atio
n
(
4
)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
to
tal
p
o
w
er
g
en
er
ated
b
y
th
e
P
V
ar
r
ay
an
d
th
e
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
es
at
th
e
tim
e
t [
1
9
]
.
)
(
)
(
)
(
t
P
t
P
t
P
W
PV
G
(
4
)
Du
r
in
g
th
e
ch
ar
g
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
w
h
en
th
e
to
tal
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
all
g
en
er
ato
r
s
ex
ce
ed
s
th
e
lo
ad
d
em
an
d
,
th
e
av
ailab
le
b
atter
y
b
an
k
ca
p
ac
ity
at
h
o
u
r
t c
an
b
e
d
escr
ib
ed
b
y
[
1
8
]
:
))
(
)
(
(
)
1
(
)
(
t
P
t
P
t
P
t
P
L
G
BAT
BAT
(
5
)
W
h
en
th
e
av
ailab
le
p
o
w
er
g
en
er
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
P
V
an
d
w
in
d
g
en
er
ato
r
s
is
less
th
an
th
e
lo
ad
d
em
an
d
,
th
e
b
atter
y
d
is
ch
ar
g
es,
an
d
th
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
av
ailab
le
b
atter
y
b
an
k
ca
p
ac
ity
at
tim
e
t c
an
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as [
1
8
]
:
))
(
)
(
(
)
1
(
)
(
t
P
t
P
t
P
t
P
G
L
BAT
BAT
(
6
)
W
h
er
e
P
BA
T
(
t)
is
b
atter
y
ca
p
ac
ity
at
tim
e
t,
P
BA
T
(t
-
1
)
is
b
atter
y
ca
p
ac
ity
at
an
ea
r
lier
tim
e
(
t
-
1
)
.
6.
E
CO
NO
M
I
CAL M
O
DE
L
I
N
G
T
h
e
aim
o
f
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
is
to
a
ch
iev
e
a
n
o
p
ti
m
all
y
d
e
s
ig
n
ed
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
r
e
n
e
w
ab
le
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
in
ter
m
s
o
f
co
s
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
a
n
d
s
y
s
te
m
p
o
w
er
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
b
est
p
o
s
s
ib
le
o
r
o
p
tim
u
m
s
y
s
t
e
m
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
is
th
e
o
n
e
th
at
s
ati
s
f
ies
t
h
e
u
s
e
r
-
s
p
ec
if
ied
co
n
s
tr
ai
n
t
s
at
t
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
I
n
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
t
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
i
s
t
h
e
m
in
i
m
izatio
n
o
f
to
tal
Net
P
r
esen
t
C
o
s
t
(
NP
C
)
o
f
r
en
e
w
ab
le
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
1
]
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
Op
tima
l S
iz
in
g
a
n
d
E
co
n
o
mica
l A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f P
V
-
W
in
d
Hyb
r
id
P
o
w
er S
ystem
fo
r
…. (
N
in
et
Mo
h
a
med
A
h
med
)
1803
i
i
i
m
i
i
T
CS
CR
O
CM
CI
C
&
1
(
7
)
W
h
er
e
C
T
is
t
h
e
to
tal
s
y
s
te
m
co
s
t,
m
is
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
u
s
ed
,
C
I
i
is
t
h
e
in
i
tial
ca
p
ital
co
s
t,
C
M&
O
i
is
m
a
in
te
n
a
n
ce
a
n
d
o
p
er
atio
n
co
s
t,
C
R
i
is
r
ep
lace
m
en
t
co
s
t
an
d
C
S
i
is
t
h
e
s
al
v
ag
e
co
s
t
at
t
h
e
e
n
d
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
ca
lcu
late
t
h
e
p
r
ese
n
t
v
a
lu
e
o
f
t
h
e
f
u
t
u
r
e
ex
p
e
n
s
e
f
o
r
a
s
i
n
g
l
e
p
ay
m
e
n
t
s
u
c
h
as
r
ep
lace
m
e
n
t
co
s
t
a
n
d
s
alv
a
g
e
v
alu
e
t
h
at
o
cc
u
r
r
in
g
i
n
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
y
ea
r
n
a
t
g
i
v
en
i
n
ter
est
r
a
te
i,
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
f
o
r
m
u
la
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
1
]
:
n
F
i
F
P
1
(
8
)
Fo
r
ac
co
u
n
ti
n
g
t
h
e
p
r
esen
t
v
al
u
e
o
f
an
a
n
n
u
al
e
x
p
en
s
e
s
u
ch
as o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
m
ai
n
ten
a
n
ce
co
s
t o
v
er
a
p
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io
d
o
f
y
ea
r
s
n
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
f
o
r
m
u
las ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
:
C
R
F
A
P
A
(
9
)
T
h
e
in
itial c
ap
ital c
o
s
t CI
i
i
s
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
a
n
n
u
al
ca
p
ital c
o
s
t A
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
ca
p
i
tal
-
r
ec
o
v
er
y
f
ac
to
r
(
C
R
F)
[
1
9
]
,
[
2
1
]
:
1
)
1
(
)
1
(
n
n
i
i
i
C
R
F
(
1
0
)
W
h
er
e,
P
F
an
d
P
A
ar
e
th
e
p
r
esen
t
w
o
r
th
f
o
r
th
e
s
u
m
o
f
m
o
n
ey
f
o
r
th
e
s
in
g
le
p
ay
m
en
t
an
d
an
n
u
al
p
ay
m
en
t
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
,
F
is
th
e
s
in
g
le
p
ay
m
en
t,
A
is
th
e
an
n
u
al
p
ay
m
en
t,
n
is
th
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
lif
e
tim
e
an
d
C
R
F
is
th
e
ca
p
ital
r
ec
o
v
er
y
f
ac
to
r
w
h
ich
d
eter
m
in
es
th
e
p
er
io
d
ic
p
ay
m
en
t
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
p
ay
b
ac
k
th
at
s
u
m
o
f
m
o
n
ey
at
in
ter
est
r
ate
i
o
v
er
n
p
er
io
d
s
.
T
h
e
co
s
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
(
C
OE
)
is
th
e
co
s
t
o
f
g
en
er
atin
g
1
k
W
h
o
f
en
er
g
y
u
tili
ze
d
b
y
th
e
lo
ad
,
an
d
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
as f
o
llo
w
s
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
4
]
:
T
A
L
E
T
A
C
C
O
E
(
1
1
)
W
h
er
e
T
A
C
is
t
h
e
to
tal
an
n
u
a
l
co
s
t a
n
d
T
A
L
E
is
t
h
e
to
tal
a
n
n
u
al
lo
ad
en
er
g
y
.
7.
CO
NST
R
AINS
Gen
etic
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
u
s
ed
as
o
p
tim
izatio
n
to
o
l;
w
h
er
e
th
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
to
m
in
im
ize
th
e
co
s
t
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
o
v
er
its
2
5
y
ea
r
s
o
f
o
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n
s
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b
j
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t
to
p
o
w
er
b
alan
ce
r
eliab
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y
co
n
s
tr
ain
s
.
Fo
r
ea
ch
tim
e
t,
th
e
to
tal
p
o
w
er
o
f
P
V
-
w
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atte
r
y
s
y
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tem
,
m
u
s
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s
u
p
p
ly
th
e
lo
ad
(
P
L
)
d
em
an
d
w
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a
ce
r
tain
r
eliab
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y
cr
iter
io
n
.
T
h
is
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
[
2
3
]
:
L
BAT
W
PV
P
P
P
P
(
1
2
)
C
o
n
s
tr
ain
t
s
o
f
b
atter
y
ca
p
ac
it
y
m
a
x
m
i
n
BAT
BAT
BAT
P
P
P
(
1
3
)
T
o
k
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p
th
e
b
atter
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f
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o
m
b
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n
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er
ch
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g
e
d
,
th
e
b
atter
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s
ta
te
o
f
ch
ar
g
e
(
SOC
)
ca
n
n
o
t e
x
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th
e
lar
g
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I
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m
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e,
SOC
m
in
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SOC
max
,
r
esp
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tiv
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y
.
T
h
is
c
a
n
b
e
d
escr
ib
ed
b
y
th
e
E
q
u
atio
n
[
2
3
]
:
m
a
x
m
i
n
S
O
C
S
O
C
S
O
C
(
1
4
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
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Vo
l.
7
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No
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2
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1
7
:
1
7
9
7
–
1
8
1
4
1804
T
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atter
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in
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m
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8.
O
P
T
I
M
I
Z
AT
I
O
N
M
E
T
H
O
DO
L
O
G
Y
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
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izin
g
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
th
e
co
s
t
m
i
n
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m
izatio
n
(
o
b
j
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tiv
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
)
o
f
r
en
e
w
a
b
le
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
i
n
g
a
g
e
n
etic
a
lg
o
r
it
h
m
s
(
G
A
)
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
GA
is
s
elec
ted
f
o
r
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
o
p
tim
izatio
n
b
ec
a
u
s
e
it
h
as
s
h
o
w
n
to
b
e
h
ig
h
l
y
ap
p
licab
le
t
o
ca
s
es
o
f
lar
g
e
n
o
n
lin
ea
r
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
;
it
is
e
m
er
g
in
g
as
p
o
p
u
lar
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
th
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
o
f
co
m
p
le
x
en
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
G
As
h
av
e
b
ee
n
a
p
p
lied
to
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
lar
g
e
p
o
w
er
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
an
d
t
h
e
s
o
l
u
tio
n
o
f
p
o
w
er
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
d
is
p
atch
p
r
o
b
lem
s
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
t
h
eir
ab
ilit
y
to
h
a
n
d
le
co
m
p
lex
p
r
o
b
lem
s
w
i
th
li
n
ea
r
o
r
n
o
n
-
li
n
ea
r
co
s
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
b
o
th
,
ac
cu
r
atel
y
an
d
ef
f
icien
tl
y
[
2
5
]
,
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
e
GA
p
o
s
s
ess
es
s
u
p
er
io
r
f
ea
t
u
r
es
t
h
at
m
ak
e
it
co
m
m
o
n
f
o
r
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
u
r
p
o
s
es,
esp
ec
iall
y
f
o
r
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
I
ts
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
f
o
r
s
ea
r
ch
i
n
g
th
e
g
lo
b
al
o
p
ti
m
u
m
is
ex
tr
e
m
el
y
e
f
f
icie
n
t,
an
d
is
v
er
y
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
o
f
a
g
r
ea
t n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
p
tim
ized
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
[
2
7
]
.
8
.
1
.
G
A
P
rinci
ples
HOG
A
i
s
a
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
p
ac
k
a
g
e
w
h
ic
h
u
s
ed
f
o
r
o
p
ti
m
izin
g
b
o
t
h
,
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
(
m
a
in
g
e
n
etic
alg
o
r
ith
m
)
a
n
d
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
(
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
g
e
n
etic
al
g
o
r
ith
m
)
.
G
A
is
u
s
ed
to
ev
al
u
at
e
b
o
th
co
n
d
itio
n
s
i
n
m
i
n
i
m
izi
n
g
th
e
to
tal
n
et
p
r
esen
t c
o
s
t
f
o
r
o
p
ti
m
u
m
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
a
tio
n
[
2
8
]
.
G
A
i
s
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
p
r
in
cip
les o
f
n
atu
r
a
l
g
en
et
ics
an
d
n
at
u
r
al
s
elec
tio
n
an
d
u
s
e
s
th
r
ee
o
p
er
ato
r
s
t
o
im
i
tate
th
e
n
at
u
r
al
ev
o
l
u
ti
o
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es.
GA
o
p
er
ato
r
s
:
s
elec
tio
n
,
cr
o
s
s
o
v
er
an
d
m
u
tatio
n
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
ev
o
lv
e
th
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
f
r
o
m
it
s
cu
r
r
en
t
g
en
er
atio
n
to
th
e
n
ex
t
w
h
o
s
e
av
er
a
g
e
f
it
n
e
s
s
v
al
u
e
s
h
o
u
ld
id
ea
ll
y
b
e
b
e
tter
.
Ne
w
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
ar
e
t
h
u
s
ev
o
l
v
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
p
r
ev
io
u
s
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
a
n
d
s
i
n
ce
t
h
e
f
itter
i
n
d
iv
id
u
als
i
n
t
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
ar
e
t
h
e
o
n
es
s
elec
ted
f
o
r
cr
o
s
s
o
v
er
th
eir
g
o
o
d
g
e
n
es
(
g
o
o
d
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
)
o
v
er
ti
m
e
d
o
m
in
ate
t
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
an
d
t
h
e
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
co
n
v
er
g
e
s
to
an
o
p
ti
m
u
m
.
W
it
h
p
r
o
p
er
p
ar
am
eter
s
elec
tio
n
,
G
A’
s
ar
e
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
o
b
tain
in
g
a
s
u
itab
le
g
lo
b
al
o
p
ti
m
u
m
s
o
lu
tio
n
[
2
9
]
.
8
.
2
.
G
A
I
m
ple
m
ent
a
t
io
n
T
h
e
GA
f
lo
w
c
h
ar
t
w
h
ic
h
is
u
s
ed
in
s
izin
g
ca
lc
u
latio
n
i
s
d
ep
icted
in
F
ig
u
r
e
7
.
G
A
s
elec
ts
i
n
d
iv
id
u
als
at
r
an
d
o
m
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
p
o
p
u
latio
n
to
b
e
p
ar
en
ts
an
d
u
s
es
t
h
e
m
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
th
e
ch
ild
r
en
f
o
r
th
e
n
e
x
t
g
en
er
atio
n
b
y
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
t
h
r
ee
m
ai
n
o
p
er
atio
n
s
,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
t
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
,
cr
o
s
s
o
v
er
,
an
d
m
u
tatio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
T
h
en
,
it
ca
n
r
ep
ea
ted
l
y
m
o
d
i
f
y
a
p
o
p
u
latio
n
o
f
i
n
d
i
v
id
u
al
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
,
w
h
er
e,
o
v
er
s
u
cc
ess
i
v
e
g
en
er
atio
n
s
,
t
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
ev
o
l
v
es
to
w
ar
d
an
o
p
tim
a
l
s
o
l
u
tio
n
.
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
G
A
to
f
i
n
d
th
e
b
est
s
y
s
te
m
p
ar
am
eter
s
th
at
m
et
th
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
ca
n
b
e
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
in
th
e
f
o
ll
o
w
i
n
g
s
tep
s
[
3
0
]
,
[
3
1
]
:
1
.
I
n
itiall
y
,
th
e
m
a
in
a
lg
o
r
it
h
m
r
an
d
o
m
l
y
as
s
ig
n
ed
a
s
e
t
o
f
v
ec
to
r
s
N
m
f
o
r
s
izi
n
g
t
h
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
,
ea
ch
v
ec
to
r
s
r
ep
r
esen
ti
n
g
a
p
o
s
s
ib
l
e
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
o
f
P
V
p
an
els,
b
atter
y
a
n
d
w
in
d
g
en
er
ato
r
.
2
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
al
g
o
r
ith
m
i
s
a
G
A
t
h
at
s
ea
r
ch
e
s
f
o
r
th
e
b
est
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ate
g
y
f
o
r
ea
ch
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
in
t
h
e
m
ai
n
alg
o
r
i
th
m
in
o
r
d
er
to
m
i
n
i
m
ize
t
h
e
NP
C
.
a)
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ate
g
y
v
ec
to
r
N
sec
is
r
a
n
d
o
m
l
y
a
s
s
i
g
n
ed
b
y
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
al
g
o
r
it
h
m
f
o
r
ea
ch
N
m
v
ec
to
r
,
ea
ch
v
ec
to
r
r
ep
r
esen
ti
n
g
a
p
o
s
s
ib
le
d
is
p
atch
s
tr
ate
g
y
in
o
r
d
er
to
m
i
n
i
m
ize
t
h
e
NP
C
.
b
)
T
h
e
N
sec
v
ec
to
r
s
ar
e
ev
alu
a
t
ed
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
th
e
ir
ap
titu
d
e.
c)
T
h
e
Nest
v
ec
to
r
s
h
a
v
e
a
g
r
ea
ter
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
r
ep
r
o
d
u
cin
g
t
h
e
m
s
el
v
es,
cr
o
s
s
i
n
g
w
it
h
o
th
er
v
ec
to
r
s
.
I
n
ea
ch
cr
o
s
s
o
f
t
w
o
v
ec
to
r
s
,
t
w
o
n
e
w
v
ec
to
r
s
ar
e
o
b
tai
n
ed
(
d
escen
d
en
ts
)
.
T
h
e
d
esce
n
d
en
t
s
ar
e
ev
alu
a
ted
an
d
th
e
b
est o
f
t
h
e
m
r
ep
lace
th
e
w
o
r
s
t i
n
d
iv
id
u
als
o
f
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
g
e
n
er
atio
n
(
ite
r
atio
n
)
.
d
)
T
o
f
in
d
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
s
o
lu
tio
n
a
n
d
n
o
t
to
s
ta
y
in
lo
ca
l
m
i
n
i
m
al,
s
o
m
e
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s
r
a
n
d
o
m
l
y
c
h
an
g
e
s
o
m
e
o
f
th
eir
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
(
m
u
ta
tio
n
)
.
T
h
e
m
u
tatio
n
s
ca
n
e
f
f
ec
t
t
h
e
ch
a
n
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
at
eg
y
o
r
t
h
e
ch
an
g
e
o
f
a
b
it o
f
S
OC
s
e
t p
o
in
t
e)
T
h
e
in
d
iv
id
u
al
s
(
v
ec
to
r
s
)
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
a
n
d
m
u
tatio
n
is
e
v
al
u
ated
,
m
a
k
in
g
t
h
e
n
ex
t
g
en
er
a
tio
n
.
f
)
T
h
e
lo
o
p
o
f
g
e
n
er
atio
n
is
r
ep
ea
ted
(
f
r
o
m
b
to
e)
u
n
t
il t
h
e
b
est in
d
i
v
id
u
al
s
id
e
n
ti
f
ied
a
n
d
th
e
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
(
Ng
e
n
_
m
ai
n
_
m
a
x
)
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
ev
al
u
at
ed
3
.
N
m
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
w
i
ll
h
av
e
b
ee
n
o
b
tain
ed
(
v
ec
to
r
s
o
f
t
h
e
m
ai
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
i
th
th
eir
o
p
ti
m
al
d
is
p
atch
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
)
.
T
h
e
N
m
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
ar
e
ev
alu
a
te
d
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
t
h
eir
ap
titu
d
e.
4
.
R
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
,
cr
o
s
s
in
g
a
n
d
m
u
tatio
n
ar
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t o
n
th
e
o
b
tain
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
,
m
a
k
i
n
g
t
h
e
n
e
x
t g
e
n
er
atio
n
.
5
.
Go
to
Step
#
2
an
d
r
ep
e
at
th
e
ab
o
v
e
s
tep
s
s
eq
u
e
n
ti
all
y
u
n
t
il
a
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
g
en
er
atio
n
s
(N
g
en_sec_
max
)
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
ev
al
u
a
ted
.
T
h
e
b
est s
o
lu
tio
n
o
b
tain
e
d
is
th
at
w
h
ich
h
as t
h
e
lo
w
est
v
alu
e
o
f
NP
C
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
Op
tima
l S
iz
in
g
a
n
d
E
co
n
o
mica
l A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f P
V
-
W
in
d
Hyb
r
id
P
o
w
er S
ystem
fo
r
…. (
N
in
et
Mo
h
a
med
A
h
med
)
1805
Fig
u
r
e7
.
Flo
w
c
h
ar
t o
f
t
h
e
Ge
n
etic
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
(
G
A
)
9.
SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
AND
DIS
CUSS
I
O
N
Fo
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
r
ee
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
s
,
P
V
ar
r
a
y
an
d
w
in
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
s
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
p
o
w
e
r
g
en
er
ato
r
s
.
W
h
ile
t
h
e
b
atter
y
b
an
k
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
s
to
r
in
g
th
e
s
u
r
p
lu
s
en
er
g
y
a
n
d
s
u
p
p
l
y
in
g
it
w
h
en
t
h
er
e
is
a
d
ef
icit
o
f
av
ai
lab
le
p
o
w
er
to
c
o
v
er
th
e
lo
ad
d
e
m
a
n
d
s
.
T
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
s
i
m
u
la
t
io
n
r
es
u
lt
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
o
b
tain
ed
w
it
h
th
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
v
al
u
es:
m
ai
n
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
ar
e
2
0
,
m
ai
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
p
o
p
u
latio
n
s
ar
e
2
0
,
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
alg
o
r
ith
m
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
ar
e
2
0
,
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
alg
o
r
ith
m
p
o
p
u
latio
n
s
ar
e
2
0
,
t
h
e
cr
o
s
s
o
v
er
r
ate
is
0
.
9
an
d
th
e
m
u
tatio
n
r
ate
is
0
.
1
T
h
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ical
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
t
h
r
ee
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
en
e
w
ab
le
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
a
s
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
ca
lcu
lati
n
g
th
e
NP
C
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
i
n
th
e
t
w
o
s
elec
t
ed
lo
ca
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
r
es
u
lts
ar
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
e
d
in
th
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
s
ec
tio
n
s
.
9
.
1
.
Abu
–
Ra
diu
s
L
o
ca
t
io
n
9
.
1
.
1
.
Sta
nd
a
lo
ne
P
V
Sy
s
t
e
m
B
ased
o
n
th
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
r
es
u
lts
,
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
s
ize
o
f
ea
ch
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
o
f
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
illu
s
tr
ated
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
8
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
t
y
p
e
a
n
d
t
h
eir
n
u
m
b
er
ar
e;
th
e
r
ated
p
o
w
er
o
f
P
V
ar
r
a
y
i
s
1
.
4
4
k
W
p
(
2
s
9
p
o
f
8
0
W
p
m
o
d
u
le)
,
th
e
b
atter
y
b
an
k
’
s
r
ated
ca
p
a
cit
y
is
4
3
.
7
k
W
h
(
2
s
1
9
p
b
a
tter
y
w
ith
n
o
m
i
n
al
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
9
6
Ah
)
an
d
2
.
2
0
k
W
in
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
b
atter
y
c
h
ar
g
e
r
eg
u
la
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t
i
s
4
0
7
.
6
A
an
d
th
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
SOC
f
o
r
th
e
b
atter
y
i
s
4
6
% (
co
n
tr
o
l stra
teg
y
is
to
ac
h
iev
e
m
in
i
m
u
m
SOC
f
o
r
th
e
b
atter
y
at
4
0
%).
T
h
e
o
p
tim
al
s
y
s
te
m
NP
C
is
$
3
8
1
2
2
.
T
h
e
co
s
t
o
f
th
e
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
th
is
s
y
s
te
m
as
a
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
t
h
e
NP
C
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
9
.
I
t
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
a
t,
t
h
e
P
V
p
an
el
s
co
s
t
2
6
.
8
4
%
(
$
1
0
1
5
2
)
o
f
th
e
NP
C
,
th
e
b
a
tter
y
b
an
k
h
as
th
e
lar
g
est
s
h
ar
e
o
f
5
4
.
2
3
%
(
$
2
0
5
1
5
)
an
d
th
e
in
v
er
ter
p
lu
s
th
e
a
u
x
iliar
y
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
e.
g
.
ch
ar
g
e
r
eg
u
lato
r
h
av
e
co
s
t o
f
1
8
.
9
3
% (
$
7
1
7
1
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
7
:
1
7
9
7
–
1
8
1
4
1806
Fig
u
r
e8
.
Op
ti
m
al
u
n
i
t size
o
f
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
C
o
s
t o
f
t
h
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
ele
m
e
n
ts
i
n
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
o
f
th
e
to
tal
n
et
p
r
esen
t c
o
s
t
T
h
e
an
n
u
a
l
en
er
g
y
b
alan
ce
o
f
s
ta
n
d
alo
n
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
is
d
escr
ib
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
lo
ad
en
er
g
y
i
s
8
3
3
8
k
W
h
/
y
r
a
n
d
t
h
e
u
n
m
et
lo
ad
i
s
1
9
.
8
KW
h
/
y
r
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
o
f
NP
C
to
w
ar
d
s
th
e
o
p
ti
m
u
m
v
alu
e
as
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
t
h
e
m
ai
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e1
1
.
A
ls
o
,
th
is
f
i
g
u
r
e
s
h
o
w
s
th
at
th
er
e
is
n
o
C
O
2
e
m
is
s
io
n
s
i
n
ce
th
e
u
s
ed
r
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
ze
r
o
C
O
2
d
u
r
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e1
0
.
T
h
e
an
n
u
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