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1
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Mo
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A
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e
b
an
d
w
id
th
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
B
u
t
it
h
as
d
is
a
d
v
an
ta
g
e
t
h
at
it
n
ee
d
s
th
e
r
es
o
n
an
ce
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
d
ep
en
d
i
n
g
o
n
t
h
e
g
r
id
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
i
n
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
t
ed
s
y
s
te
m
w
h
ic
h
is
v
ar
iab
le
[
1
1
]
.
So
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
g
r
id
c
o
n
n
ec
ted
i
n
v
er
ter
w
it
h
li
n
ea
r
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
es
w
it
h
f
i
x
ed
g
ain
is
n
o
t
g
iv
e
n
s
u
itab
le
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
w
it
h
ch
a
n
g
e
in
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
T
h
e
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
v
er
ter
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
o
p
er
ates
d
if
f
er
en
t
cir
cu
m
s
ta
n
c
es
an
d
also
m
ee
t
t
h
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
[
1
2
-
1
4
]
.
Fu
zz
y
l
o
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
l
(
FLC)
is
a
n
o
n
-
li
n
ea
r
w
h
ic
h
is
u
s
ed
t
o
u
p
d
ates
th
e
g
a
i
n
s
o
f
th
e
P
I
o
r
P
I
D
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
h
as
g
i
v
en
t
h
e
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
w
it
h
ch
a
n
g
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
ar
am
e
ter
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
lo
ad
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
[
1
5
-
1
7
]
.
T
h
u
s
,
FLC
is
u
s
ed
an
d
g
i
v
en
t
h
e
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
p
la
n
t
w
it
h
d
y
n
a
m
ic
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
a
n
d
g
r
id
i
n
ter
ac
t
in
v
er
t
er
i
n
v
ar
iab
le
w
i
n
d
en
er
g
y
ap
p
licatio
n
s
a
n
d
i
n
F
L
C
is
u
s
ed
to
e
x
tr
ac
t
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
f
r
o
m
P
V
p
an
el
[
1
8
-
2
0
]
.
I
n
f
u
zz
y
-
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
,
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
d
ec
id
es
t
h
e
g
ain
s
o
f
t
h
e
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
o
p
er
atio
n
p
o
i
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
c
h
an
g
es
[
2
1
-
2
2
]
.
Fu
zz
y
P
I
co
n
tr
o
l
m
a
k
es
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
s
e
n
s
it
iv
e
to
e
x
ter
n
a
l
cir
cu
m
s
ta
n
ce
s
c
h
an
g
es
ar
e
t
h
er
e
in
R
en
e
w
ab
le
e
n
er
g
y
s
y
s
te
m
lik
e
P
V
an
d
W
in
d
[
2
3
]
.
Sin
ce
s
u
p
p
l
y
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
a
n
d
g
r
id
co
n
d
iti
o
n
s
ar
e
v
ar
iab
le,
ad
ap
tiv
e
co
n
t
r
o
l o
f
th
e
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
v
er
ter
s
is
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
t to
ac
h
iev
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
o
f
th
e
g
r
id
as
w
ell
a
s
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
[
2
4
-
2
5
]
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
is
ed
a
s
Se
ctio
n
2
Descr
ib
es
t
h
e
m
o
d
eli
n
g
o
f
P
V
A
r
r
a
y
,
Sect
io
n
3
De
s
cr
ib
es
th
e
in
v
er
ter
a
n
d
d
esig
n
o
f
t
h
e
L
C
L
f
ilter
an
d
Sectio
n
4
P
r
esen
tes
th
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
th
e
A
d
ap
ti
v
e
Fu
zz
y
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
I
n
Sectio
n
5
th
e
R
es
u
lte
s
A
n
d
Dis
cu
s
s
io
n
.
2.
DE
S
I
G
N
O
F
T
H
E
P
V
ARR
AY
Gen
er
all
y
,
A
P
V
ce
ll
is
a
s
i
m
p
le
P
-
N
j
u
n
ctio
n
d
io
d
e
w
h
ic
h
co
n
v
er
ts
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
in
to
elec
tr
icit
y
.
P
V
ce
ll
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
a
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
o
u
r
ce
(
I
pv
)
,
s
h
u
n
t
r
esis
ta
n
ce
(
R
p
)
,
d
io
d
e
an
d
a
s
er
ies
r
esis
ta
n
ce
(
R
s
)
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
t
h
e
i
m
p
er
f
ec
t
io
n
s
o
f
P
V
s
i
n
g
le
d
io
d
e
m
o
d
eli
n
g
at
h
i
g
h
v
o
lta
g
es
a
n
d
lo
w
v
o
ltag
e
s
,
a
t
w
o
d
io
d
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
P
V
s
o
lar
ce
ll is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
[
3
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
w
o
d
io
d
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
P
V
C
el
T
h
e
P
V
ce
lls
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
s
er
ies
(
Ns×
Np
ce
lls
,
w
h
er
e
Np
=
1
)
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le.
B
asic
eq
u
atio
n
th
a
t
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
t
w
o
-
d
io
d
e
m
o
d
el
is
g
iv
e
n
b
y
eq
u
atio
n
.
T
h
e
P
V
ce
ll v
o
ltag
e
-
cu
r
r
e
n
t r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
in
eq
u
atio
n
(
1
)
is
m
o
d
i
f
ied
f
o
r
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
as [
4
-
6
]
.
sh
t
p
s
s
I
V
n
N
R
I
V
N
N
p
I
o
N
p
I
p
h
I
1
*
/
*
/
e
x
p
(
1
)
I
n
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
,
m
o
d
u
le
s
ar
e
co
n
f
ig
u
r
ed
i
n
s
e
r
ies
-
p
ar
allel
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
w
it
h
a
n
y
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
les (
N
ss
×N
pp
m
o
d
u
les)
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
th
e
P
V
ar
r
a
y
.
T
h
en
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
v
o
lta
g
e
-
cu
r
r
en
t r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
in
E
q
u
atio
n
(
1
)
is
m
o
d
if
ied
f
o
r
P
V
ar
r
ay
an
d
it is
g
iv
e
n
b
y
(
2
)
,
[
5
]
.
r
go
r
rs
o
T
T
nk
E
q
T
T
I
I
1
1
*
e
x
p
(
2
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
1
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
2
0
1
8
:
4
7
2
–
4
8
2
474
W
h
er
e
I
pv
,
I
o1
,
I
o2
,
R
s
ar
e
th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
t
h
e
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
m
o
d
u
les,
N
s
an
d
N
p
ar
e
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ce
ll
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
i
n
s
er
ies
a
n
d
p
ar
all
el
o
f
m
o
d
u
le
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
l
y
,
N
ss
an
d
N
pp
ar
e
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
m
o
d
u
les
co
n
n
ec
ted
i
n
s
er
ies
an
d
p
ar
allel
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
f
o
r
ar
r
ay
.
In
th
is
w
o
rk
P
V
A
rra
y
is
d
e
sig
n
e
d
u
sin
g
th
e
KC2
0
0
GT
so
lar
m
o
d
u
le.
Its
P
a
ra
m
e
ters
a
r
e
g
iv
e
n
in
th
e
T
a
b
le 1
[4
]
.
T
ab
le
1
.
KC
2
0
0
G
T
P
V
Mo
d
u
le
P
ar
am
eter
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
V
a
l
u
e
M
a
x
i
m
u
m
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
(
V
m
)
2
6
.
3
V
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
a
t
M
a
x
i
m
u
m Po
w
e
r
(
I
m
)
7
.
6
1
A
O
p
e
n
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
(
V
oc
)
3
2
.
9
V
S
h
o
r
t
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
(
I
sc
)
8
.
2
1
A
T
o
t
a
l
N
o
.
o
f
C
e
l
l
s i
n
S
e
r
i
e
s (N
s
54
T
o
t
a
l
N
o
.
o
f
C
e
l
l
s i
n
P
a
r
a
l
l
e
l
(
N
p
)
1
T
e
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
C
o
e
f
fi
c
i
e
n
t
o
f
V
oc
(K
v
)
-
1
2
3
mV
/
o
C
T
e
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
C
o
e
f
fi
c
i
e
n
t
o
f
I
sc
(K
i
)
3
.
1
8
mA
/
o
C
sat
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
I
o1
=
I
o2
1
.
0
4
5
×
1
0
−
9
A
R
p
4
1
5
.
4
0
5
Ω
.
R
s
0
.
2
2
1
Ω
.
3.
T
H
E
T
H
R
E
E
P
H
ASE
I
NV
E
RT
E
R
3
-
P
h
Vo
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
in
v
er
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
g
r
id
w
it
h
L
C
L
f
i
lter
.
C
o
n
s
i
s
ti
n
g
th
e
s
i
x
s
w
itc
h
e
s
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
th
ese
s
w
i
tch
e
s
ar
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
w
it
h
t
h
e
h
elp
o
f
t
h
e
A
d
ap
tiv
e
f
u
zz
y
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
I
n
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
is
d
ef
in
ed
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
s
tates
a
n
d
in
p
u
t
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v
o
lta
g
e.
T
h
e
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
o
f
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
i
s
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
i
n
d
ex
o
f
t
h
e
P
W
M
an
d
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
is
eq
u
al
t
o
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
r
e
f
er
en
ce
w
a
v
e
g
e
n
er
ated
b
y
th
e
f
u
zz
y
co
n
tr
o
ll
er
.
3
-
Ø
G
r
i
d
PV
S
Y
S
TE
M
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
P
V
in
v
er
ter
T
h
en
,
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
„
V
i
„
ca
n
b
e
r
elate
d
to
th
e
s
w
itch
in
g
s
tate
v
ec
to
r
„
S „
a
n
d
V
PV
.
S
V
V
PV
i
(
3
)
W
h
er
e
V
PV
is
th
e
P
V
v
o
lta
g
e
af
ter
MP
PT
.
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
is
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N:
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RE
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NC
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S
[1
]
L
i,
H.,
W
a
n
g
,
K.D.,
Zh
a
n
g
,
W
.
R.
:
“
Imp
ro
v
e
d
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
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o
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tro
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c
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s
”
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IEE
E
P
o
w
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r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
S
p
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c
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n
f
.
,
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n
d
o
,
USA
,
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n
e
2
0
0
7
,
p
p
.
2
4
6
5
–
2
4
7
1
.
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I
n
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E
lec
&
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p
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I
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N:
2088
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8708
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481
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Ju
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S
.
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,
Y.,
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o
i,
S
.
,
Kim
,
H.:
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P
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r E
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2
2
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(
6
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p
p
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2
9
3
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9
8
.
[3
]
Nu
r
M
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h
a
m
m
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d
,
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m
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v
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d
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l
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r
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a
x
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m
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in
t
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c
k
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g
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ter
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t
io
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a
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J
o
u
rn
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o
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E
lec
trica
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a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
Vo
l.
2
,
No
.
6
,
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c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
7
1
7
~
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3
0
.
[4
]
R.
S
Ra
v
i
S
a
n
k
a
r,
“
F
lex
ib
le
P
o
w
e
r
Re
g
u
latio
n
o
f
G
rid
-
Co
n
n
e
c
ted
I
n
v
e
rters
f
o
r
P
V
S
y
ste
m
s
Us
in
g
M
o
d
e
l
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re
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ict
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c
t
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o
w
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r
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n
tr
o
l”
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d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
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l
o
f
E
lec
trica
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g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
C
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mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
(IJEECS
)
Vo
l.
4
,
No
.
3
,
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c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
5
0
8
~
5
1
9
.
[5
]
S
e
f
a
,
I.
,
Öz
d
e
m
ir,
S
:
“
M
u
lt
if
u
n
c
t
io
n
a
l
i
n
ter
lea
v
e
d
b
o
o
st
c
o
n
v
e
rte
r
fo
r
PV
sy
ste
ms
”,
IEE
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I
n
t.
S
y
m
p
.
o
n
I
n
d
u
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e
c
tro
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ics
(IS
IE)
,
2
0
1
0
,
p
p
.
9
5
1
–
9
5
6
.
[6
]
Oz
d
e
m
ir,
S
.
,
A
lt
in
,
N.,
S
e
f
a
,
I.
,
Ba
l,
G
.
:
“
P
V
su
p
p
li
e
d
sin
g
le
st
a
g
e
m
p
p
t
in
v
e
rter
f
o
r
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
o
t
o
r
a
c
tu
a
ted
v
e
n
ti
latio
n
sy
ste
m
s”
,
El
e
k
tro
n
ika
ir
El
e
k
tro
tec
h
n
ika
,
2
0
1
4
,
2
0
,
(5
)
,
p
p
.
1
1
6
–
1
2
2
.
[7
]
V
a
h
e
d
i
,
H.,
S
h
e
ik
h
o
les
lam
i,
A
.
:
“
Va
ria
b
le
h
y
ste
re
sis
c
u
rr
e
n
t
c
o
n
tro
l
a
p
p
li
e
d
i
n
a
sh
u
n
t
a
c
ti
v
e
fi
lt
e
r
wit
h
c
o
n
st
a
n
t
switch
in
g
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
”,
P
o
w
e
r
Qu
a
li
ty
Co
n
f
.
(P
QC),
2
0
1
0
F
irst,
T
e
h
ra
n
,
Ira
n
,
S
e
p
tem
b
e
r
2
0
1
0
,
p
p
.
1
–
5.
[8
]
M
a
o
,
H.,
Ya
n
g
,
X.,
C
h
e
n
,
Z
.
,
W
a
n
g
,
Z.
:
“
A
H
y
ste
re
sis
c
u
rre
n
t
c
o
n
t
ro
ll
e
r
f
o
r
sin
g
le
-
p
h
a
se
th
re
e
-
lev
e
l
v
o
lt
a
g
e
so
u
rc
e
in
v
e
rters
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
P
o
we
r E
l
e
c
tro
n
.
,
2
0
1
2
,
2
7
,
(
7
),
p
p
.
3
3
3
0
–
3
3
3
9
.
[9
]
Ue
m
u
ra
,
N.,
Yo
k
o
y
o
m
a
,
T
.
:
“
C
u
rr
e
n
t
c
o
n
tro
l
me
th
o
d
u
si
n
g
v
o
l
ta
g
e
d
e
a
d
b
e
a
t
c
o
n
tro
l
fo
r
sin
g
l
e
p
h
a
se
u
ti
li
t
y
in
ter
a
c
ti
v
e
in
v
e
rte
r
”
,
T
h
e
2
5
th
In
t.
T
e
lec
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
En
e
rg
y
Co
n
f
.
,
IN
T
E
L
EC‟0
3
,
Yo
k
o
h
a
m
a
,
Ja
p
a
n
,
Oc
to
b
e
r
2
0
0
3
,
p
p
.
4
0
–
45.
[1
0
]
Ya
n
g
,
S
.
,
L
e
i,
Q.,
F
a
n
g
,
Z.
P
.
,
Zh
a
o
m
in
g
,
Q.:
“
A
ro
b
u
st
c
o
n
tro
l
sc
h
e
m
e
f
o
r
g
rid
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
v
o
lt
a
g
e
-
so
u
rc
e
in
v
e
rters
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
I
n
d
.
El
e
c
tro
n
.
,
2
0
1
1
,
5
8
,
(
1
),
p
p
.
2
0
2
–
2
1
2
.
[1
1
]
L
ise
r
re
,
M
.
,
Blaa
b
jerg
,
F
.
,
Ha
n
se
n
,
S
.
:
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
a
n
lcl
-
f
il
ter
-
b
a
se
d
th
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
a
c
ti
v
e
re
c
ti
f
ier
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
I
n
d
.
A
p
p
l.
,
2
0
0
5
,
4
1
,
(5
),
p
p
.
1
2
8
1
–
1
2
9
1
.
[1
2
]
S
e
f
a
,
I.
,
A
lt
in
,
N.:
“
G
rid
in
tera
c
ti
v
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
in
v
e
rters
–
a
re
v
ie
w
”
,
J
.
Fa
c
.
En
g
.
Arc
h
.
Ga
zi
Un
iv
.
,
2
0
0
9
,
2
4
,
(3
)
,
p
p
.
4
0
9
–
4
2
4
.
[1
3
]
Ba
k
e
r,
D.M
.
,
A
g
e
li
d
is,
V.G
.
,
Na
y
e
r,
C.
V
.
:
“
A
c
o
mp
a
ris
o
n
o
f
tri
-
lev
e
l
a
n
d
b
i
-
lev
e
l
c
u
rr
e
n
t
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
d
g
rid
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
si
n
g
le
-
p
h
a
se
fu
ll
-
b
ri
d
g
e
in
v
e
rte
rs
”
,
P
r
o
c
.
o
f
th
e
IEE
E
In
t
.
S
y
m
p
.
o
n
I
n
d
u
strial
E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
I
S
IE‟
9
7
,
G
u
i
m
a
rã
e
s,
P
o
r
tu
g
a
l,
Ju
ly
1
9
9
7
,
v
o
l.
2
,
p
p
.
4
6
3
–
4
6
8
.
[1
4
]
M
y
rz
i
k
,
J.M
.
A
.
,
C
a
lais,
M
.
:
“
S
trin
g
a
n
d
mo
d
u
le
in
teg
ra
ted
i
n
v
e
rte
rs
fo
r
sin
g
le
-
p
h
a
se
g
rid
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
sy
ste
ms
–
a
re
v
iew
”
.
IEE
E
Bo
l
o
g
n
a
P
o
w
e
r
T
e
c
h
Co
n
f
.
,
Bo
lo
g
n
a
,
I
t
a
l
y
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
0
3
,
p
p
.
4
3
0
–
4
3
7
.
[1
5
]
G
u
o
,
X
.
Q.
,
W
u
,
W
.
Y.:
“
Im
p
ro
v
e
d
c
u
rre
n
t
re
g
u
latio
n
o
f
th
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
g
rid
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
v
o
lt
a
g
e
-
so
u
rc
e
in
v
e
rters
f
o
r
d
istri
b
u
ted
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
”
,
IET
Ren
e
w.
P
o
we
r Ge
n
e
r.,
2
0
1
0
,
4
,
(
2
),
p
p
.
1
0
1
–
1
1
5
.
[1
6
]
M
e
ti
n
,
M
.
,
G
u
c
lu
,
R.
:
“
Ra
il
v
e
h
icle
v
ib
ra
ti
o
n
s
c
o
n
tro
l
u
si
n
g
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
a
d
a
p
ti
v
e
P
ID
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
”
,
M
a
th
.
Pro
b
l
.
En
g
.
,
2
0
1
4
,
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
1
–
1
0
.
[1
7
]
S
e
f
a
,
I.
,
A
lt
in
,
N.:
“
F
u
z
z
y
P
I
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
d
i
n
v
e
rter
f
o
r
g
rid
in
ter
a
c
ti
v
e
re
n
e
w
a
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
s
y
ste
m
s
”
,
IET
Ren
e
w.
P
o
we
rg
e
n
e
r
,
2
0
1
5
,
Vo
l.
9,
Iss
.
7,
p
p
.
7
2
9
-
7
3
8
.
[1
8
]
Na
d
e
r
Ja
m
a
li
S
u
f
i
Am
las
h
i,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
Im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
F
u
z
z
y
P
o
si
ti
o
n
C
o
n
tr
o
l
S
y
ste
m
f
o
r
T
ra
c
k
in
g
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
Co
m
p
a
riso
n
w
it
h
Co
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
P
ID
”
,
IAE
S
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Arti
f
icia
l
In
telli
g
e
n
c
e
(
IJ
-
AI)
V
o
l.
1
,
N
o
.
1
,
M
a
rc
h
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
3
1
~
4
4
.
[1
9
]
M
.
R.
I.
S
h
e
ik
h
,
“
S
m
o
o
th
in
g
Co
n
tro
l
o
f
W
in
d
F
a
rm
Ou
tp
u
t
F
l
u
c
tu
a
ti
o
n
s
b
y
F
u
z
z
y
L
o
g
ic
Co
n
tro
ll
e
d
S
M
ES
”
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
.
V
o
l
.
1
,
No
.
2
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
1
,
p
p
.
1
1
9
~
1
3
4
.
[2
0
]
Zh
a
n
g
,
J.,
M
o
rris,
A
.
J.:
“
F
u
zz
y
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
two
rk
s
f
o
r
n
o
n
li
n
e
a
r
sy
ste
ms
mo
d
e
ll
i
n
g
”
,
IE
E
P
r
o
c
.
C
o
n
tr
o
l
T
h
e
o
ry
A
p
p
l.
,
1
9
9
5
,
1
4
2
,
(
6
),
p
p
.
5
5
1
–
5
5
6
.
[2
1
]
L
e
e
,
C.
C.
:
“
F
u
z
z
y
lo
g
ic
in
c
o
n
tro
l
s
y
ste
m
s:
f
u
z
z
y
lo
g
ic
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
–
p
a
rt
I
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
S
y
st.
M
a
n
Cy
b
e
rn
.
,
1
9
9
0
,
2
0
,
(2
),
p
p
.
4
0
4
–
4
1
8
.
[2
2
]
P
re
m
ru
d
e
e
p
re
e
c
h
a
c
h
a
rn
,
S
.
,
P
o
a
p
o
r
n
sa
w
a
n
,
T
.
:
“
Fu
zz
y
lo
g
ic
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
p
re
d
ictive
c
u
rr
e
n
t
c
o
n
tro
l
fo
r
g
rid
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
sin
g
le
p
h
a
se
in
v
e
rte
r
”
,
2
8
t
h
IEE
E
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
S
p
e
c
ialists
Co
n
f
.
,
A
n
c
h
o
ra
g
e
,
A
K,
S
e
p
te
m
b
e
r
2
0
0
0
,
p
p
.
1
7
1
5
–
1
7
1
8
.
[2
3
]
M
a
m
d
a
n
i,
E.
H.:
“
Ap
p
l
ica
ti
o
n
o
f
fu
zz
y
a
lg
o
rith
ms
fo
r
c
o
n
t
ro
l
o
f
a
simp
le
d
y
n
a
mic
p
la
n
t
”
,
IE
EE
P
r
o
c
.
,
1
9
7
4
,
1
2
1
,
p
p
.
1
5
8
5
–
1
5
8
8
.
[2
4
]
M
e
n
g
i,
O.O.,
A
lt
a
s,
I.
H.:
“
F
u
z
z
y
lo
g
ic
c
o
n
tro
l
f
o
r
a
w
in
d
/b
a
tt
e
ry
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
p
ro
d
u
c
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
”
,
T
u
rk
J
.
El
e
c
tr.
En
g
.
Co
m
p
u
t
.
S
c
i.
,
2
0
1
2
,
2
0
,
(2
),
p
p
.
1
8
7
–
20.
[2
5
]
A
lt
in
,
N.:
“
S
im
u
latio
n
o
f
f
u
z
z
y
a
d
a
p
ti
v
e
p
i
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
d
g
rid
in
tera
c
ti
v
e
in
v
e
rt
e
r”
,
Pa
mu
k
k
a
le
Un
iv.
J
.
En
g
.
S
c
i.
,
2
0
0
9
,
1
5
,
(3
),
p
p
.
3
2
5
–
3
3
5
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
R.S
.
Ra
v
i
S
a
n
k
a
r
o
b
tain
e
d
A
.
M
.
I.
E
d
e
g
re
e
f
ro
m
in
stit
u
te
o
f
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
rs(In
d
ia)
in
2
0
0
2
.
h
e
o
b
tain
e
d
M
.
T
e
c
h
.
f
ro
m
JN
T
U
H H
y
d
e
ra
b
a
d
in
2
0
0
4
.
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
d
o
in
g
P
h
.
D.
i
n
JN
T
U
A
a
n
th
a
p
u
ra
m
.
He
g
o
t
1
0
y
e
a
rs
o
f
th
e
tea
c
h
in
g
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
.
h
is
a
re
a
o
f
in
tere
st
is
c
o
n
t
ro
l
o
f
V
o
lt
a
g
e
so
u
rc
e
in
v
e
rter
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
to
g
rid
a
n
d
a
p
p
l
ica
ti
o
n
o
f
p
o
w
e
r
e
lec
tro
n
ics
to
th
e
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
a
n
d
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
s
y
ste
m
s
a
n
d
p
re
se
n
tl
y
w
o
rk
in
g
a
s
a
ss
o
c
iate
p
ro
f
e
s
so
r
o
f
E
lec
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
V
II
T
V
ish
a
k
h
a
p
a
t
n
a
m
.
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