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I
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(
a)
d
if
f
er
e
n
t s
h
a
p
es o
f
clea
n
i
n
g
to
o
ls
,
(
b
)
clea
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
4
]
2.
AP
P
L
YIN
G
M
AG
NA
T
I
C
F
I
E
L
D
I
N
S
E
P
ARA
T
I
O
N
P
RO
CE
SS
A
d
o
p
tin
g
t
h
e
m
a
g
n
etic
f
ield
a
s
au
e
f
f
ec
t
iv
e
s
o
l
u
tio
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
s
ep
ar
atin
g
t
h
e
m
i
n
e
r
al
o
r
es
a
s
i
m
p
u
r
it
ies
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
ix
tu
r
es
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
in
ce
a
lo
n
g
t
i
m
e
[
1
0
]
.
Ma
g
n
etic
i
m
p
u
r
ities
r
em
o
v
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tall
y
i
n
v
e
s
ti
g
a
ted
o
n
a
d
ilu
ted
s
u
s
p
e
n
s
io
n
i
n
th
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
[
1
1
]
,
in
w
h
ic
h
th
eo
r
etica
l
m
o
d
els
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
escr
ib
ed
s
a
tis
f
ac
to
r
il
y
f
o
r
m
a
g
n
etic
s
ep
ar
atin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
I
n
s
p
ite
o
f
Sv
o
b
o
d
a
in
[
1
1
]
w
a
s
p
r
ese
n
ted
th
e
Hi
g
h
-
Gr
ad
ien
t
Ma
g
n
et
i
n
1
9
8
6
as
an
e
f
f
ec
t
iv
e
n
es
s
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
s
ep
ar
ati
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
m
i
n
in
g
in
d
u
s
tr
y
,
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
n
ee
d
ed
to
co
m
b
i
n
e
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
r
elate
d
th
eo
r
y
an
d
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
s
id
es.
Du
e
to
t
h
e
m
a
g
n
etic
n
at
u
r
e
o
f
ir
o
n
s
p
ec
ies,
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
a
l
m
et
h
o
d
s
o
f
ch
e
m
ical
p
r
o
ce
s
s
d
id
n
o
t
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
f
o
r
m
a
g
n
e
tic
i
m
p
u
r
i
t
ies
r
e
m
o
v
al
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
m
ag
n
etic
f
ield
a
n
d
th
e
ef
f
ec
ti
v
en
e
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
f
ie
ld
in
r
e
m
o
v
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
1
0
]
,
th
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
[
1
0
]
h
as
b
ee
n
co
n
clu
d
ed
an
d
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
th
at
t
h
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
o
f
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
g
r
ad
ien
t
m
ag
n
etic
s
ep
ar
atio
n
(
HGM
S)
is
f
ea
s
ib
le
f
o
r
m
a
g
n
etic
i
m
p
u
r
it
ies
s
ep
ar
atin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
in
ad
d
itio
n
to
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
u
s
i
n
g
p
er
m
an
e
n
t
m
a
g
n
e
t
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
ai
m
.
T
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
[
1
2
]
h
a
s
b
ee
n
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
a
h
i
g
h
-
g
r
a
d
ien
t
m
ag
n
etic
s
ep
ar
ato
r
in
te
r
m
s
o
f
u
ltra
f
in
e
p
ar
ticle
s
b
ase
d
o
n
th
e
p
u
ls
a
tin
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
HG
MS
s
y
s
te
m
,
it
h
as
b
ee
n
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
th
at
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
co
n
s
id
er
ed
o
f
a
lo
w
co
s
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
d
u
e
to
th
e
lo
w
er
en
er
g
izi
n
g
co
s
t.
W
h
e
r
ea
s
Hi
g
h
g
r
ad
ien
t
m
a
g
n
etic
s
ep
ar
ato
r
’
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
1
3
]
f
o
r
p
o
w
d
er
m
a
ter
ial
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
Ot
h
er
s
t
u
d
ies
o
f
[
1
4
-
1
8
]
ar
e
also
s
h
o
w
n
th
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
t
h
e
b
lack
p
o
wd
er
r
em
o
v
al
f
r
o
m
Oi
l
P
ip
elin
es
o
f
t
h
e
o
il
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
,
a
n
d
f
lu
id
p
r
o
p
er
ties
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
Desig
n
o
f c
o
mp
u
teri
z
ed
mo
n
it
o
r
in
g
a
n
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
s
ystem
fo
r
…
(
Hu
s
s
a
in
A
ttia
)
4641
Fro
m
th
e
ab
o
v
e
s
t
u
d
ies
o
f
[
1
0
-
1
8
]
,
it
is
clea
r
ly
n
o
ticea
b
le
th
at
th
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
o
f
m
ag
n
etic
f
ield
f
o
r
th
e
ex
tr
ac
tin
g
t
h
e
m
etals
’
i
m
p
u
r
ities
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
ix
tu
r
es,
h
er
e
th
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
is
th
a
t
th
er
e
w
i
ll
b
e
h
ig
h
p
o
s
iti
v
el
y
ef
f
ec
t
f
r
o
m
u
s
i
n
g
m
a
g
n
et
ic
f
ie
ld
in
cr
ac
k
i
n
g
t
h
e
b
lack
p
o
w
d
er
p
ar
ticles i
n
t
h
e
cr
u
d
e
o
il.
3.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
I
D
E
A
AND
SY
ST
E
M
DE
SI
G
N
B
ased
o
n
th
e
ab
o
v
e
ab
o
u
t
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
t
h
e
m
a
g
n
etic
f
i
eld
,
an
d
co
m
p
ar
in
g
to
th
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
m
et
h
o
d
s
o
f
b
lac
k
p
o
w
d
er
r
e
m
o
v
al,
a
n
d
also
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
ab
ilit
ies
o
f
co
m
p
u
ter
ized
s
y
s
te
m
s
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
an
d
/o
r
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
[
1
9
-
32
]
,
th
e
p
r
esen
ted
m
et
h
o
d
in
t
h
is
p
ap
er
f
o
cu
s
e
s
o
n
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
t
h
e
le
v
el,
lo
ca
tio
n
,
an
d
p
o
lar
ity
o
f
th
e
allo
ca
ted
m
a
g
n
e
tic
f
ield
in
o
r
d
er
to
r
em
o
v
e
t
h
e
b
lack
p
o
w
d
er
f
r
o
m
cr
u
d
e
o
il.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
d
u
e
to
ad
o
p
tin
g
th
e
elec
tr
ical
r
esi
s
ti
v
it
y
m
ea
s
u
r
i
n
g
f
o
r
w
ell
lo
g
g
i
n
g
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
[
3
3
]
,
a
n
e
w
d
e
s
i
g
n
o
f
r
esi
s
ti
v
it
y
s
e
n
s
o
r
i
n
p
r
ese
n
ted
i
n
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
in
o
r
d
er
to
s
en
s
e
th
e
cr
u
d
e
o
i
l
r
esis
tiv
it
y
w
ill
b
e
p
r
esen
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
w
h
ic
h
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
te
m
’
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
ca
n
b
e
ev
alu
ated
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
en
s
o
r
w
o
r
k
s
o
n
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
o
il
r
esi
s
ti
v
i
t
y
b
e
f
o
r
e
an
d
a
f
ter
th
e
co
n
s
i
d
er
ed
ac
tiv
it
y
o
f
b
lack
p
o
w
d
er
r
e
m
o
v
al.
T
h
e
o
il
r
esis
ti
v
it
y
i
s
ad
o
p
ted
t
o
ev
alu
ate
th
e
p
o
s
iti
v
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
th
e
m
a
g
n
etic
f
ie
ld
o
n
cr
ac
k
in
g
th
e
b
lack
p
o
w
d
er
p
ar
ticles,
in
o
th
er
w
o
r
d
s
,
t
h
e
cr
u
d
e
o
il
r
esis
ti
v
it
y
w
ill
b
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
af
ter
th
e
p
ar
ticle
s
cr
ac
k
in
g
ac
tio
n
d
u
e
to
th
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
o
f
cr
u
d
e
o
il
p
en
et
r
atio
n
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
b
lack
p
o
w
d
e
r
p
ar
ticles.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
to
m
ag
n
eti
c
f
ield
s
tr
en
g
t
h
b
ased
o
n
th
e
f
ac
t
o
f
th
at
P
ass
i
n
g
d
ir
ec
t
cu
r
r
en
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
an
i
n
d
u
cto
r
r
esu
lts
a
v
ec
to
r
q
u
an
tit
y
o
f
m
ag
n
etic
f
ie
ld
o
f
u
n
i
t
tesl
a
[
T
]
,
th
e
m
a
g
n
etic
f
ield
s
tr
en
g
th
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
w
it
h
t
h
e
le
v
el
o
f
p
ass
in
g
c
u
r
r
en
t
I
an
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
n
d
u
cto
r
tu
r
n
s
N
w
h
er
ea
s
i
n
v
er
s
el
y
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
w
it
h
th
e
len
g
t
h
o
f
t
h
e
co
r
e
L
,
an
d
ad
d
in
g
th
e
ir
o
n
co
r
e
w
ill
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
tl
y
in
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
m
ag
n
etic
f
ield
s
t
r
en
g
t
h
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
an
d
ex
p
lai
n
ed
in
(
1
)
,
an
d
(
2
)
in
w
h
ic
h
μ
o
is
co
n
s
ta
n
t
an
d
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
air
p
er
m
ea
b
ili
t
y
[
3
4
,
3
5
].
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
m
a
g
n
et
ic
f
ield
d
ir
ec
tio
n
in
a
s
o
le
n
o
id
[
2
9
]
=
(1
)
=
=
(2
)
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
o
f
th
e
b
l
ac
k
p
o
w
d
er
r
e
m
o
v
al
s
y
s
te
m
a
d
o
p
ts
th
e
f
le
x
ib
ilit
y
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
o
f
an
y
r
ele
v
a
n
t
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
u
ch
as
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
in
d
u
ce
d
m
a
g
n
et
a
n
d
t
h
e
s
ize
o
r
s
h
ap
e
o
f
th
e
r
esi
s
tiv
it
y
s
e
n
s
o
r
,
in
ad
d
it
io
n
to
th
e
f
le
x
ib
ilit
y
in
ter
m
s
o
f
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
a
n
d
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
co
m
p
u
ter
ized
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
w
s
a
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
te
m
,
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
cl
u
d
es
t
w
o
s
en
s
in
g
u
n
it
s
,
ea
ch
o
f
th
e
m
i
n
v
o
l
v
es,
r
esi
s
tiv
it
y
s
en
s
o
r
an
d
ad
ap
tatio
n
cir
cu
it.
T
h
e
f
u
n
c
tio
n
o
f
ea
ch
s
e
n
s
i
n
g
u
n
i
t
is
p
r
o
d
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i
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it
y
o
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as
A
l K
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ah
–
UA
E
,
www
.
au
r
a
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.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
J.
S
m
a
rt
a
n
d
R.
W
in
ters
,
“
Blac
k
p
o
w
d
e
r
m
i
g
ra
ti
o
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in
g
a
s
p
ip
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e
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n
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a
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e
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g
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d
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teg
rity ma
n
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g
e
me
n
t
c
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
0
8
.
[2
]
O.
Ola
b
isi,
S
.
A
l
-
S
u
lai
m
a
n
,
A
.
Ja
rra
g
h
,
Y.
Kh
u
ra
ib
u
t,
a
n
d
A
.
M
a
th
e
w
,
“
Blac
k
p
o
w
d
e
r
in
e
x
p
o
rt
g
a
s
li
n
e
s,”
M
a
ter
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ls P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
,
p
p
.
5
0
-
5
4
,
2
0
1
7
.
[3
]
M
.
He
d
a
y
a
ti
-
d
e
z
f
o
o
li
,
“
P
re
d
icti
o
n
o
f
p
a
rti
c
le
lad
e
n
f
lo
w
in
g
a
s p
ip
e
,
”
M
.
S
c
.
th
e
sis,
Ry
e
rso
n
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
2
0
0
9
.
[4
]
T
.
Cro
sb
y
,
D.
Jo
e
,
A
.
P
re
f
o
n
tain
e
a
n
d
H.
T
s
a
p
ra
il
is,
“
Clea
n
in
g
o
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p
ip
e
li
n
e
s
f
o
r
a
b
a
n
d
o
n
m
e
n
t,
f
in
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rt
,
”
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leu
m T
e
c
h
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o
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o
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y
Al
li
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n
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e
o
f
Ca
n
a
d
a
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
1
5
.
[5
]
Jo
h
n
S
m
a
rt,
“
Ke
e
p
o
n
M
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v
in
g
-
T
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k
s
a
b
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t
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c
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m
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t
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il
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n
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g
a
s
p
ip
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n
e
s,
”
W
o
rld
Pi
p
e
li
n
e
s,
De
c
.
2
0
0
9
.
[6
]
Nik
o
lao
s
A
.
Tso
c
h
a
tzid
is,
a
n
d
K
o
n
sta
n
ti
n
o
s
E.
M
a
ro
u
li
s,
“
M
e
th
o
d
s
h
e
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re
m
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v
e
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lac
k
p
o
w
d
e
r
f
ro
m
g
a
s
p
ip
e
li
n
e
s
,”
Oil
&
Ga
s J
o
u
rn
a
l
,
v
o
l.
1
0
5
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
M
a
r
.
2
0
0
7
.
[
7
]
M
.
A
.
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
,
M
.
S
.
K
a
m
a
l
,
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.
S
.
B
a
G
e
r
i
,
a
n
d
I
.
A
.
H
u
s
s
e
i
n
,
“
R
e
m
o
v
a
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o
f
p
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n
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d
i
f
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s
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2
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g
e
n
e
r
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t
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o
n
,
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n
t
e
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n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
P
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t
r
o
l
e
u
m
T
e
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h
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o
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y
C
o
n
f
e
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e
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e
,
D
e
c
.
2
0
1
5
.
[8
]
D.
F
.
A
lo
k
o
a
n
d
A
.
D.
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
,
“
Bio
c
id
e
in
jec
ti
o
n
a
s
a
m
e
a
n
o
f
in
tern
a
l
c
o
rro
sio
n
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
o
il
p
ip
e
li
n
e
s
,”
In
d
i
a
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
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C
h
e
mic
a
l
T
e
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h
n
o
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o
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y
,
v
o
l.
1
4
,
p
p
.
5
3
6
-
5
3
8
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
0
7
.
[9
]
O.
T
ri
f
il
ieff
,
a
n
d
T
.
H.
W
in
e
s,
“
Blac
k
p
o
w
d
e
r
re
m
o
v
a
l
f
ro
m
tran
s
m
issio
n
p
ip
e
l
in
e
s:
Dia
g
n
o
stics
a
n
d
so
l
u
ti
o
n
s
,”
Pa
ll
F
u
e
ls a
n
d
Ch
e
mic
a
ls,
p
p
.
1
-
1
2
,
M
a
r
.
2
0
0
9
.
[1
0
]
G
ia
c
o
m
o
M
a
rian
i,
“
T
h
e
o
re
ti
c
a
l
a
n
d
e
x
p
e
rim
e
n
tal
stu
d
y
o
f
th
e
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
se
p
a
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
p
o
ll
u
tan
ts
f
ro
m
wa
ste
wa
ter
,”
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.
D,
T
h
e
sis in
El
e
c
tro
tec
h
n
ica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
Al
ma
M
a
ter
S
t
u
d
i
o
ru
m,
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Bo
lo
g
n
a
,
2
0
0
9
.
[1
1
]
J.
S
v
o
b
o
d
a
,
“
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
h
ig
h
-
g
ra
d
ien
t
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
se
p
a
ra
ti
o
n
,”
Ph
y
sic
a
l
S
e
p
a
ra
ti
o
n
i
n
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
2
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
5
1
-
6
8
,
1
9
8
6
.
[1
2
]
L
u
z
h
e
n
g
Ch
e
n
,
Zh
i
h
u
a
Qia
n
,
S
h
u
m
in
g
W
e
n
,
a
n
d
S
o
n
g
w
e
i
Hu
a
n
g
,
“
H
ig
h
-
g
ra
d
ien
t
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
se
p
a
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
u
l
traf
in
e
p
a
rti
c
les
w
it
h
ro
d
m
a
tri
x
,
”
M
in
e
r
a
l
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
a
n
d
Extra
c
ti
v
e
M
e
ta
ll
.
Rev
.
,
v
o
l.
3
4
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
3
4
0
-
3
4
7
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
3
]
A
li
c
ja
Id
z
ias
z
e
k
-
G
o
n
z
a
lez
,
W
a
l
d
e
m
a
r
Ko
z
lo
ws
k
i,
“
Hig
h
g
r
a
d
ien
t
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
se
p
a
ra
ti
o
n
f
o
r
p
o
w
d
e
r
m
a
teria
l
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,”
El
e
c
tr
ic P
o
we
r E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
&
Co
n
tro
l
S
y
ste
m
s,
No
v
.
2
0
1
3
.
[1
4
]
S
a
a
d
Ba
lh
a
sa
n
,
M
o
h
a
m
e
d
O
m
a
r,
Ha
ss
a
n
A
lh
a
m
o
u
d
i,
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b
d
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m
a
n
A
lza
a
b
i,
S
a
lm
a
A
b
d
e
lwa
h
a
b
,
“
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k
p
o
w
d
e
r
re
m
o
v
a
l
f
ro
m
o
il
p
ip
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li
n
e
s,
”
S
PE
-
1
9
8
1
0
5
-
M
S
,
S
PE
Ku
w
a
it
Oil
&
G
a
s S
h
o
w
a
n
d
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
Oc
t.
2
0
1
9
.
[1
5
]
S
a
a
d
Ba
lh
a
sa
n
,
Da
n
iel
A
.
M
ich
a
e
l,
“
Ca
se
S
tu
d
y
o
n
d
e
term
in
in
g
th
e
c
rit
ica
l
p
ro
d
u
c
ti
o
n
ra
te f
o
r
b
o
tt
o
m
w
a
ter
c
o
n
in
g
in
t
h
e
m
a
jed
(EE
-
P
o
o
l)
re
se
rv
o
ir,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
e
d
S
c
ien
c
e
s,
v
o
l.
1
5
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
9
2
5
-
9
3
1
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
6
]
S
.
Ra
h
m
a
t
A
ll
a
h
,
S
.
Ba
lh
a
s
a
n
,
K.
Ho
ss
in
,
F
.
A
l
A
li
,
“
A
re
v
ie
w
o
f
w
a
ter
sh
u
to
ff
tre
a
t
m
e
n
t
m
e
th
o
d
s
in
o
il
f
ield
s,
”
Pre
se
n
ted
At
T
h
e
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
On
E
n
e
rg
y
,
W
a
ter
&
E
n
v
iro
n
me
n
t
a
l
S
c
ien
c
e
,
No
v
.
2
0
1
8
[1
7
]
S
a
a
d
Ba
lh
a
sa
n
,
Ba
d
e
r
A
l
Ka
n
d
a
ri,
M
o
h
a
m
e
d
O
m
a
r,
Ja
ss
i
m
A
l
-
Ota
ib
i,
Ha
m
a
d
A
l
-
S
h
a
k
h
is,
A
li
A
l
Am
e
r,
“
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
n
e
m
p
iri
c
a
l
e
q
u
a
ti
o
n
t
o
p
re
d
ict
th
e
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
CO2
-
W
AG
F
lo
o
d
i
n
g
,
”
S
P
E
Ku
wa
i
t
Oil
&
Ga
s S
h
o
w
a
n
d
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
.
S
o
c
iety
o
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Petro
le
u
m E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rs
,
Oc
t.
2
0
1
7
.
[1
8
]
S
a
a
d
Ba
lh
a
sa
n
,
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
Ju
m
a
a
,
A
h
m
e
d
El
b
a
g
ir,
“
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
c
o
rre
latio
n
t
o
p
re
d
ict
w
a
ter
-
f
lo
o
d
in
g
p
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
o
f
sa
n
d
sto
n
e
re
se
rv
o
irs
b
a
se
d
o
n
re
se
rv
o
ir
f
lu
id
p
ro
p
e
rti
e
s,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
A
p
p
li
e
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
2
5
8
6
-
2
5
9
7
,
J
u
n
.
2
0
1
7
[1
9
]
HA
A
tt
ia,
T
KS
F
re
d
d
y
,
HS
Ch
e
,
W
P
He
w
,
A
H
El
Kh
a
teb
,
“
Co
n
f
in
e
d
b
a
n
d
v
a
riab
le
sw
it
c
h
in
g
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
p
u
lse
w
id
th
m
o
d
u
lati
o
n
(CB
-
V
S
F
P
W
M
)
f
o
r
a
S
in
g
le
-
P
h
a
se
in
v
e
rter
with
a
n
L
CL
f
il
t
e
r,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
3
2
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
8
5
9
3
-
8
6
0
5
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
0
]
B.
J
y
o
th
i,
M
.
V
e
n
u
g
o
p
a
la
Ra
o
,
“
Ca
rrier
-
b
a
se
d
p
wm
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
in
v
e
rter
-
f
e
d
m
u
lt
ip
h
a
se
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
o
to
r
,
”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
lec
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
o
l.
6
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
9
6
7
-
1
9
8
4
,
Oc
t.
2
0
1
6
.
[2
1
]
Hu
ss
a
in
A
.
A
tt
ia
a
n
d
F
e
rn
a
n
d
o
d
e
lAm
a
G
o
n
z
a
lo
,
“
S
tan
d
-
a
l
o
n
e
P
V
sy
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m
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h
M
P
P
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f
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tro
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re
m
o
te
b
u
il
d
i
n
g
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
m
(
IJ
PE
DS
)
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
8
4
2
-
8
5
1
,
Ju
n
.
2
0
1
9
.
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4644
[2
2
]
Hu
ss
a
in
A
tt
ia,
“
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
se
lec
ti
v
e
h
a
r
m
o
n
ic eli
m
in
a
ti
o
n
p
u
lse
w
id
th
m
o
d
u
lati
o
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
u
n
i
p
o
lar S
i
n
g
le
-
P
h
a
se
H
-
Brid
g
e
in
v
e
rter:
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
stu
d
y
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
(
IJ
PE
DS
)
,
v
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l.
9
,
n
o
.
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,
p
p
.
1
1
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-
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6
5
,
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0
1
8
.
[2
3
]
Hu
ss
a
in
A
tt
ia,
“
F
u
z
z
y
lo
g
ic
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
r
e
ff
e
c
ti
v
e
n
e
ss
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
c
o
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
m
e
m
b
e
rsh
ip
s
fo
r
p
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
e
r
p
o
in
t
trac
k
in
g
f
u
n
c
ti
o
n
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r
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e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
(
IJ
PE
DS
)
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
3
,
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p
.
1
1
4
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6
,
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0
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.
[2
4
]
Af
a
ru
lraz
i
A
b
u
Ba
k
a
r,
W
a
h
y
u
M
u
ly
o
Uto
m
o
,
T
.
T
a
u
f
ik
,
A
s
m
a
ra
sh
id
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o
n
n
iran
,
“
M
o
d
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li
n
g
o
f
F
P
G
A
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a
n
d
DS
P
-
b
a
se
d
p
u
lse
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m
o
d
u
lati
o
n
f
o
r
M
u
lt
i
-
I
n
p
u
t
i
n
terle
a
v
e
d
DC/DC
Co
n
v
e
rter
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Rev
ie
w
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
in
g
(
I.
R.
E
.
E.
),
v
o
l.
1
4
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
7
9
-
85
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
5
]
M
a
h
d
i
T
o
u
siz
a
d
e
h
,
Ha
n
g
S
e
n
g
Ch
e
,
Je
y
ra
j
S
e
lv
a
ra
j,
Na
sru
d
in
A
b
d
Ra
h
im
,
Bo
o
n
-
T
e
c
k
Oo
i,
“
F
a
u
lt
-
to
lera
n
t
f
ield
-
o
rien
ted
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
th
re
e
-
p
h
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se
i
n
d
u
c
t
io
n
m
o
to
r
b
a
se
d
o
n
u
n
if
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f
e
e
d
f
o
r
w
a
rd
m
e
th
o
d
,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l
.
3
4
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
7
1
7
2
-
7
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8
3
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
6
]
Ba
ten
M
d
S
h
ih
a
b
,
M
a
h
d
i
T
o
u
s
iza
d
e
h
,
Ha
n
g
S
e
n
g
C
h
e
,
“
Co
n
t
in
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o
u
s
a
n
d
d
isc
o
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
P
W
M
m
e
th
o
d
s
f
o
r
s
y
m
m
e
tri
c
a
l
si
x
‑
p
h
a
se
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
o
to
r
w
it
h
sin
g
le
iso
late
d
n
e
u
tral
,”
Ara
b
ia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
fo
r
S
c
ie
n
c
e
a
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–
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.
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[2
7
]
T
a
n
Kh
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n
g
S
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n
F
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d
y
,
Na
sru
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in
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o
o
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P
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He
w
,
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ted
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ra
n
s
a
c
ti
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s
On
Po
we
r
El
e
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o
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ics
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9
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0
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p
p
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5
3
5
8
-
5
3
6
9
,
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2
0
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4
.
[2
8
]
S
.
Na
g
a
ra
ja
Ra
o
,
D.
V.
A
sh
o
k
Ku
m
a
r
,
a
n
d
Ch
.
S
a
iBab
u
,
“
G
rid
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
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istri
b
u
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e
n
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ra
ti
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ste
m
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m
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ic
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to
p
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g
y
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In
ter
n
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ti
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n
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l
J
o
u
rn
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l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
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o
mp
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ter
En
g
in
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rin
g
(
IJ
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)
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v
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l.
8
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n
o.
6
,
p
p
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4
0
4
7
-
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0
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9
,
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c
.
2
0
1
8
.
[2
9
]
N
y
a
y
u
Latifah
Hu
sn
i,
S
it
i
Nu
r
m
a
in
i,
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a
d
i
Ya
n
i,
a
n
d
A
d
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il
v
ia,
“
In
telli
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se
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n
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m
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tal
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d
u
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se
d
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o
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su
p
p
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rt
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to
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m
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c
h
in
e
f
o
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d
o
r
c
las
sif
ica
ti
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n
,
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ter
n
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ti
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n
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l
J
o
u
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l
o
f
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e
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trica
l
a
n
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mp
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ter
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n
g
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rin
g
(
IJ
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l.
8
,
n
o.
6
,
p
p
.
4
1
3
3
-
4
1
4
7
,
De
c
.
2
0
1
8
.
[3
0
]
Kw
a
n
g
T
.
C.
,
M
o
h
d
L
u
q
m
a
n
M
o
h
d
Ja
m
il
,
A
u
z
a
n
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o
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m
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m
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ter
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l
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o
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rn
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o
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,
v
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.
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p
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5
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0
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6
7
,
De
c
.
2
0
1
9
.
[
3
1
]
S
.
V
i
j
a
y
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M
a
d
h
a
v
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,
a
n
d
G
.
T
u
l
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s
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R
a
m
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a
s
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s
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)
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p
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4
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6
,
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9
.
[
3
2
]
J
a
y
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s
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.
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.
,
a
n
d
G
.
R
.
R
a
o
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n
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(
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,
v
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l
.
8
,
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.
6
,
p
p
.
4
6
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-
4645
,
2018.
[3
3
]
Jü
rg
e
n
S
.
,
“
Ba
si
c
w
e
ll
lo
g
g
in
g
a
n
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a
ti
o
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lu
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ti
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n
,
”
Bo
o
k
b
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o
n
1
st
Ed
it
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,
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h
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y
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p
p
.
4
4
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6
,
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0
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5
.
[
O
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li
n
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],
A
v
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li
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b
le:
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tt
p
s://
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sic
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.
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.
[3
4
]
“
El
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tro
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m
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F
ield
s
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g
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F
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,
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V
u
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P
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s
On
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e
,
[
On
li
n
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]
,
A
v
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:
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6
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lu
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.
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f
.
[3
5
]
Ju
a
n
C.
Oliv
a
re
s
-
G
a
lv
á
n
,
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á
n
H
e
rn
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n
d
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z
,
P
a
v
lo
s
S
.
G
e
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rg
il
a
k
is,
Ed
u
a
rd
o
Ca
m
p
e
ro
-
L
it
tl
e
w
o
o
d
,
“
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lcu
latio
n
o
f
th
e
m
a
g
n
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ti
c
f
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e
ld
in
ten
sity
in
a
r
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c
tan
g
u
lar
c
o
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d
u
c
to
r
c
a
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g
c
u
rre
n
t
in
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tro
m
a
g
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ti
s
m
in
tro
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u
c
to
ry
c
o
u
rse
s,”
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
COM
S
OL
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
Bo
sto
n
,
2
0
0
9
.
[3
6
]
He
a
n
e
y
,
M
ich
a
e
l
B.
,
“
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
c
o
n
d
u
c
ti
v
it
y
a
n
d
re
sistiv
it
y
,
”
El
e
c
trica
l
M
e
a
su
re
me
n
t,
S
ig
n
a
l
P
ro
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ss
in
g
,
a
n
d
Disp
la
y
s.
E
d
.
J
o
h
n
G.
W
e
b
ste
r.
C
RC
Pre
ss
,
2
0
0
3
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
Dr
.
H
u
ss
a
i
n
Atti
a
e
a
rn
e
d
h
is
P
h
.
D.
d
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re
e
in
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o
w
e
r
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c
tro
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f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
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a
la
y
a
,
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a
la
L
u
m
p
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r,
M
a
la
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sia
,
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n
d
M
.
S
c
.
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
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c
tro
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En
g
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n
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rin
g
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
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sit
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o
f
T
e
c
h
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g
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a
g
h
d
a
d
,
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q
.
Hu
ss
a
in
’s
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se
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rc
h
in
tere
sts
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lu
d
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p
o
w
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r
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lec
tro
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s
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ste
m
d
e
si
g
n
a
n
d
im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
,
A
C
&
DC
Driv
e
s,
P
W
M
In
v
e
rter
s
(s
in
g
le
p
h
a
se
&
th
re
e
p
h
a
se
s),
h
a
rm
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n
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li
m
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n
d
re
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h
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u
m
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r
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t
T
ra
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g
a
lg
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rit
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m
s,
a
n
d
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n
telli
g
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n
t
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tro
l.
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.
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a
a
d
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a
lh
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s
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e
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h
.
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d
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m
En
g
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g
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ro
m
th
e
Un
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e
rsit
y
o
f
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o
m
in
g
,
USA
,
a
n
d
h
is M
S
i
n
R
e
se
rv
o
ir
Ge
o
sc
ien
c
e
a
n
d
En
g
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n
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g
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ro
m
IF
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S
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h
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l,
F
ra
n
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e
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S
in
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m
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n
d
M
a
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m
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t
f
ro
m
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g
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a
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h
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g
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g
,
h
e
a
v
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,
CO2
-
EOR,
re
se
rv
o
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m
a
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m
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v
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d
d
e
sig
n
a
n
d
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
Oil
Co
n
trac
ts.
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