TELKOM
NIKA
, Vol.11, No
.11, Novemb
er 201
3, pp. 6358
~6
366
e-ISSN: 2087
-278X
6358
Re
cei
v
ed Ap
ril 19, 2013; Revi
sed Ma
y 2
9
, 2013; Acce
pted Ju
ne 14,
2013
Design of the Remote Wireless Meter Reading System
Based on GPRS
Na Wu*, Yinjing Guo, Yongqin Wei , A
y
ing Wei
Coll
eg
e of Information a
nd El
e
c
trical Eng
i
ne
e
r
ing,
Sha
n
d
ong
Universit
y
of S
c
ienc
e an
d T
e
chno
log
y
579 Qia
n
w
a
ng
ang R
o
a
d
Eco
nomic & T
e
chnical Dev
e
l
opm
ent Z
one, Qing
dao Sh
an
don
g
Provinc
e
, 266
5
10
P.R.Chin
a. T
e
l: 86-53
2-8
605
7
717
*Corres
p
o
ndi
n
g
author, e-ma
il:
w
u
n
a_sd
@
1
63.com
A
b
st
r
a
ct
S
m
art gri
d
is
the focus de
velo
p
m
ent d
i
re
ction
of the n
a
tion
al p
o
w
e
r grid co
nstructi
on, an
d
remote p
o
w
e
r infor
m
ati
on c
o
llecti
on
is the
importa
nt
par
t of smart gr
id
. T
he existin
g
auto
m
atic
me
te
r
reading system
of remote electric
power inf
o
rmation collec
t
ion
has s
u
ch
problem
s
as hi
gh c
o
st, big power
consu
m
ption, s
m
a
ll n
e
tw
orkin
g
an
d bi
g l
i
ne
i
n
terferenc
e
etc
.
Aim at th
ese
features
,
this p
aper prop
oses a
new
sche
m
e of
w
i
reless meter
readi
ng b
a
se
d
on GPRS, that is, the w
i
reles
s
communic
a
ti
on
mod
u
l
e
MC
55
of SIMENS a
n
d
ST
C8
9C5
8
R
D
sin
g
l
e
ch
ip
are
ado
pted
a
s
the c
o
re to
deve
l
op
a
set
of re
mote
w
i
rel
e
ss
meter r
e
a
d
in
g
system. The
p
aper
main
ly i
n
troduc
es t
he
ov
erall
des
ig
n of
the syste
m
, the har
dw
are cir
c
uit
and s
o
ftw
are d
e
sig
n
of eac
h
compo
nent, a
n
d
the
ma
jor
so
ftw
are flow
chart is given. Th
e
system h
a
s th
e
character
i
stic o
f
low
cost, low
pow
er co
nsu
m
ption,
ad-H
o
c n
e
tw
ork, self ad
aptio
n, etc, an
d it h
a
s the
stro
n
g
portability and
compati
b
il
ity. Field t
e
st result
s s
how
that the w
i
reless
m
e
t
e
r reading system
c
an fi
nish t
he
data co
ll
ection
and tra
n
s
m
iss
i
on task
qu
ickl
y and
accu
r
a
te
ly,
and has
str
ong anti-i
n
terfe
r
ence abi
lity
a
n
d
w
i
de app
lica
b
i
l
i
t
y.
Ke
y
w
ords
: Re
mote w
i
rel
e
ss
meter re
ad
ing,
GPRS netw
o
rk, MC55, ST
C89C5
8
RD si
ngl
e
chip
Copy
right
©
2013 Un
ive
r
sita
s Ah
mad
Dah
l
an
. All rig
h
t
s r
ese
rved
.
1. Introduc
tion
As the increa
sing of indu
st
ry and agri
c
ul
ture
,power consumption
o
f
urban re
sid
e
nts and
power
con
s
u
m
er, the num
ber of the
wa
tt-hour m
e
ter have increa
sed d
r
am
atically. And due
to
the quality of resi
dential
building
en
han
ce
s un
ce
asin
gly, the requi
rem
ent
of surrou
ndi
ng
environ
ment
and p
r
op
erty
manag
eme
n
t level are
al
so improved, there
are
man
y
drawba
cks
in
the traditional
meter re
adin
g
way [1]. Such a
s
Manu
a
l
Meter Re
ad
ing, Local Automatic Mete
r
Rea
d
ing
(
Usin
g ha
nd
-held
t
e
rmin
al of
ea
sy to
ca
rry,
si
mple
ope
ratio
n
an
d
relia
ble
meter readi
n
g
equipm
ent su
ch a
s
com
put
ers o
r
han
dh
eld com
puter
s, to complet
e
the automa
t
ic meter re
a
d
ing
function o
n
the site), Mobil
e
Automatic
Meter R
eadi
n
g
(by use
of bus lo
ad wi
re
less tran
sceiver,
near to ea
ch
elect
r
ical en
ergy mete
rin
g
devic
e, imp
l
ements the
data readin
g
throug
h
wirel
e
ss
sign
als
and
d
e
vice
s comm
unication.)[2], Prepayme
nt Electri
c
ity Billing Way (by t
he combin
ation
of magn
etic
card o
r
IC card
and
prep
aid wa
tt-ho
ur meter, the
use
r
s ma
ke
money to
bu
y a
certai
n el
ectric qu
antity firstly,and with
this p
a
rt
of
the ele
c
tri
c
ity is
run
out, i
t
will po
we
r
off
automatically) [3], these method
s hav
e
su
ch short
c
o
m
ings a
s
havi
ng som
e
trou
bles in entering
the user'
s
ho
me, too hig
h
manag
eme
n
t co
st, existin
g
safe
hidd
e
n
dan
ger,
e
tc,
and th
ey b
e
ing
wa
she
d
out g
r
adu
ally, and
at the sam
e
time, becau
se
of the high
-ri
se buildin
gs
n
o
w, lot of line
s
are n
o
t ea
sy to set up.
Powe
r suppl
y enterp
r
is
es are e
age
r t
o
reali
z
e th
e
stand
ardi
zat
i
on
automation
of
monito
r fo
r p
o
we
r
use a
n
d
the
co
nv
enie
n
ce
of
set i
n
g
up
communi
cation
s li
ne
s
by
mean
s
of mo
derni
zatio
n
.
Remote
wirel
e
ss a
u
tomati
c m
e
ter re
adi
ng te
chn
o
log
y
is
ea
sy to
a
dapt
to the situ
atio
n of the
rapid
develop
ment
of
po
wer sy
stem and th
e
operation a
n
d
man
agem
e
n
t
system
of p
o
w
er
system [
4
]. So, in
re
cent yea
r
s
,
remote
automatic
meter reading s
y
s
t
em has
develop
ed ve
ry Quickly.
In the paper,
Section 2 summari
ze
s the re
sea
r
ch
situation of remote meter readin
g
system. In
se
ction
3, we
p
r
opo
se
the
o
v
erall
d
e
si
gn
of the remote
meter re
adin
g
sy
stem a
n
d
give the structure of the system
. Section
4 discu
sse
s
the detailed h
a
rd
wa
re de
si
gn of each p
a
rt
of the syste
m
, which in
clude
s the de
sign of
intelli
gent watt-ho
ur mete
r an
d meter
rea
d
ing
con
c
e
n
trato
r
. Section
5 is the software
desi
gn of
th
e syste
m
, we
focu
se
s on t
he alg
o
rithm
of
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
e-ISSN:
2087
-278X
De
sign of the
Rem
o
te Wire
less Meter
Readin
g
Syste
m
Based on GPRS (Na
Wu)
6359
intelligent
wa
tt-hour
meter and the flo
w
cha
r
t de
si
gn of mai
n
prog
ram. Se
ction 6 i
s
th
e
conclusion of
the paper,
and it illustrates the adv
antages of this design
through the o
peration on
the field.
2. The Dev
e
lopment an
d Res
earc
h
of
Remote Au
tomatic Me
te
r Reading Sy
ste
Gene
rally, th
e comp
ositio
n of the
remo
te meter read
ing
system
h
a
ve such fou
r
pa
rts
as
follows, watt-hour mete
r
whi
c
h h
a
s th
e fun
c
tion of
automati
c
meter
rea
d
in
g, meter re
a
d
ing
con
c
e
n
trato
r
,
meter switch
es and ce
ntral
processo
r.
Acco
rdi
ng to
the differe
nce
of tran
smi
ssi
on
cha
nnel
type
in remote
aut
omatic mete
r re
ading
sy
st
em, it contain
s
the
types o
f
meter re
adi
ng
usin
g teleph
one network,
remote met
e
r rea
d
ing u
s
ing lo
w voltage dist
ributi
on lines
carrier,
remote
mete
r rea
d
ing
by l
oad m
onito
rin
g
chan
nel
s a
nd oth
e
r type
s. Publi
s
he
d
pape
rs [5][6][7],
introdu
ce
d th
e remote
met
e
r
rea
d
ing
sy
stem
ba
sed
on tele
pho
ne
network. Pa
pers [8][9] g
a
v
e
the re
mote m
e
ter
readi
ng
system ba
se
d
on the l
o
w voltage di
strib
u
tion line
s
ca
rri
er
re
spe
c
tively;
Papers [10][1
1] presented t
he rem
o
te meter re
adi
n
g
system by load monitori
ng
cha
nnel
s. Th
ese
meter
readi
n
g
method
s h
a
s m
any adv
antage
s
com
pare
d
to tra
d
i
tional metho
d
s, for i
n
sta
n
c
e
that the remo
te meter rea
d
i
ng system u
s
ing t
he tele
p
hone n
e
two
r
k has the abilit
y of stable an
d
reliabl
e, le
ss
maintena
nce, but th
e
syst
em o
per
ation
ha
s
a fixedf
ee,and
it
can
not cover all
the
electri
c
ity are
a
, it is vulnerable to be re
stri
cted a
fter
it used,thu
s
it is not cond
u
c
ive to be lon
g
-
term plan
nin
g
and devel
o
p
ment. The
way of low v
o
ltage po
we
r carrie
r for m
e
ter re
adin
g
doe
s
not nee
d a
dditional
co
mmuni
cation
s line
s
lai
d
, but it has the poo
r
ability to re
sist
electroma
gne
tic interfe
r
en
ce. Rem
o
te m
e
ter readi
ng
based o
n
po
wer loa
d
mo
nitoring
chan
nel
has th
e di
sa
dvantage
s of
many u
s
e
r
s,
the mo
re
wi
de rang
e, dispersion
an
d small amou
nt
of
information.
In view of th
e above
cha
r
acte
ri
stics, this
p
ape
r p
r
ese
n
tes that
the GP
RS
wirel
e
ss
comm
uni
cati
on is ado
pte
d
to re
alize re
mote
autom
atic mete
r readi
ng.
GPRS ne
twork
h
a
s be
en
built to run for many years in our
co
untry,
and it has the
characte
rist
i
c
of mature te
chn
o
logy, hig
h
broa
d
rea
c
h
,
esp
e
ci
ally the SMS
sh
ort
m
e
ssage
servi
c
e
ha
s lo
w
co
st, strong
stron
g
timelin
ess.Thu
s
by use of the SMS
data transmi
ssi
on betwe
en
GPRS terminal
equipm
ents ,t
he SMS serv
ice fun
c
tion i
s
ad
ded to
th
e meter re
adi
ng sy
stem, remote
wirel
e
ss
meter
re
adin
g
sy
stem
ca
n be
reali
z
e
d
. Co
mpa
r
ed
to oth
e
r sol
u
tions, thi
s
method
ha
s
the
advantag
es o
f
large cove
rage, lo
w
co
st, strong timeli
ness, etc.
3. The O
v
erall Design of the Remo
te
Wireless M
e
ter Rea
d
ing Sy
stem
In this paper, the commu
nicato
n way of t
he system is of the lumped type,
and the
system co
nsists of
the
f
our
majo
r p
a
rts
as follo
ws, i
n
telligen
t watt-ho
ur
meter, readi
ng
c
o
nc
en
tr
a
t
or
,
G
P
R
S
w
i
r
e
le
ss
c
o
mmu
n
ic
a
t
io
n
net
wo
rk an
d ma
na
gement
ce
nter. Th
e ove
r
all
scheme of th
e system i
s
shown in Figu
re 1.
The m
a
in d
a
t
a ce
nter i
s
comp
osed
of the
ente
r
p
r
i
s
e i
n
tern
al h
o
st, data
b
a
s
e serve
r
,
printe
rs,a
nd
other
peri
phe
ral e
quipm
ent
s. On th
e
on
e han
d, the
system softwa
r
e of d
a
ta
ce
nter
s
h
ould ensure its
interac
t
with the
remote me
ter re
ad
ing terminal
s, data
re
ceivin
g an
d sto
r
a
g
e
,
on the othe
r hand it sh
oul
d provide u
s
ers
with a vi
sual interfa
c
e,
provide the
cla
ssifi
cation
and
query, tre
nd
analysi
s
, stati
s
tics on
a re
g
u
lar b
a
si
s a
n
d
other fu
ncti
ons. Th
e u
s
e
r
ca
n choo
se
the
data acco
rdin
g to their dem
and, and
kno
w
t
he ele
c
trici
t
y condition
s on the far sid
e
.
4. Hard
w
a
re
Design o
f
Re
mote Wirele
ss Meter Re
ading Sy
stem
4.1 Hard
w
a
r
e
Design o
f
Smart Meter
Multi-fun
c
tion
al three
-
ph
ase watt-ho
ur
mete
r is a
d
o
p
ted is the system, and it has the
following functions
.
(1)
Metrolo
g
y
Function.
Acco
rding to three
times of th
e peak, vall
ey, level,it can
measure acti
ve energy an
d rea
c
tive en
ergy, and gi
ve the accumu
lative total active and rea
c
ti
ve
energy. It ca
n
mea
s
u
r
e
and
display volta
ge, current,
p
o
we
r, total
po
wer a
nd total
power facto
r
i
n
real time.
(2)
Te
sting fu
nction
of po
wer failu
re. It can mo
nitor p
o
we
r failu
re
events a
nd
reco
rd
the cumul
a
tive numbe
r of power failu
re.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
e-ISSN: 2
087-278X
TELKOM
NIKA
Vol. 11, No
. 11, Novemb
er 201
3: 635
8 – 6366
6360
(3) Te
sting fu
nction
of lo
ss of voltage i
n
ea
ch
pha
se.
It can m
onito
r lo
ss of volta
ge in
any pha
se.
As long
as o
ne pha
se vol
t
age of the smart mete
r is belo
w
the
setting threshol
d
value, that i
s
con
s
id
ere
d
th
e ph
ase volta
ge lo
ssed.
When
one
o
r
t
w
o-pha
se
lo
ssed
the volta
ge,
the sma
r
t meter ca
n still wo
rk ,be
c
au
se t
hat the pha
se
lossi
ng volta
ge don’t calculate ele
c
tricit
y.
(4)
Clea
ring f
unctio
n
. Smart meter ha
s
automatic
cle
a
ring fun
c
tion
, which
settle
m
ent
date ca
n be
set by pro
g
ra
mming.
Settlement data o
f
the last 12 months
can
be save
d in the
meter, whi
c
h
include
s the
active and reactive
ene
rgy of positive and reve
rse, positive active
energy con
s
umption
duri
ng the
rate
of that mont
h, run
time o
f
the meter
durin
g the
m
onth,
numbe
r of events du
ring th
e month, maximu
m dema
n
d
and the time of it occu
rre
nce.
(5) Dis
p
lay func
tion.
(6)
Comm
un
ication fun
c
ti
on. It can provide a sta
ndard RS-48
5
comm
uni
cation
interface, whi
c
h commu
nicates with met
e
r re
adin
g
co
nce
n
trato
r
.
Based
on the
function of th
e intelligent watt-hou
r mete
r, the hardwa
r
e archite
c
tu
re is a
s
s
h
ow
n
in
F
i
gu
r
e
2
.
Figure 1. Overall structu
r
e
of remo
te wi
reless mete
r readin
g
syste
m
Figure 2.
Ha
r
d
wa
re st
ru
ct
u
r
e of
sma
r
t
met
e
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
e-ISSN:
2087
-278X
De
sign of the
Rem
o
te Wire
less Meter
Readin
g
Syste
m
Based on GPRS (Na
Wu)
6361
Modula
r
de
si
gn thought is adopted in the disi
g
n
of Intelligent wa
tt-hour mete
r, which
inclu
d
e
s
po
wer mo
dule, vo
ltage an
d current
samp
li
ng
module,
electricity meteri
n
g
modul
e,MCU
module,d
a
ta
memory m
o
d
u
le, clo
c
k m
odule, L
C
D
displ
a
y mod
u
le, RS-485
comm
uni
cat
i
on
module, el
ect
r
ical
dete
c
tio
n
modul
e,etc.
STC89
C
5
8
RD +
chi
p
is
chosen a
s
the
MCU,
whi
c
h
is
comp
atible
with 51
serie
s
micro
c
ont
roll
er, b
u
t its fu
nction
is mo
re po
we
rful, it
s p
r
i
c
e i
s
mo
re
che
ape
r. And it has1280
bytes of RAM inside wh
i
c
h can und
ertake data p
r
o
c
e
ssi
ng of large
cap
a
city. Due
to the limited spa
c
e, the d
e
sig
n
of t
he o
t
her mod
u
le
s
are n
o
long
er tired, it mainl
y
introdu
ce
s th
e desi
gning
o
f
electri
c
al en
ergy mea
s
u
r
e
m
ent modul
e
s
in the next text.
4.1.1 The Ch
oice of Electricit
y
Metering Chip
The ele
c
tri
c
i
t
y metering
chip AT
T70
2
2
B is a
mult
ifunction
al ch
ip of hig
h
p
r
eci
s
ion,
powerful fun
c
tion an
d a dedi
cated three-p
h
a
s
e el
e
c
tri
c
ene
rgy meterin
g
chi
p
of preventi
n
g
electri
c
ity-stol
en. It integra
t
es seco
nd
-o
rde
r
sig
m
a-d
e
lta
ADC
o
f
seven
roa
d
s,
in whi
c
h three
road
s a
r
e u
s
ed for thre
e-p
hase voltage
sampli
ng,
three roa
d
s a
r
e
use
d
for thre
e-ph
ase cu
rrent
s
a
mp
lin
g
,
and
th
e
r
e
s
t
o
f
r
o
ad
is us
ed
fo
r
ze
ro li
ne current
sampling
or o
t
her p
r
eventi
ng
electri
c
ity-stol
en p
a
ramete
rs samplin
g.
It can
out
p
u
t sa
mple
data
and
valid
values, which is
very conveni
ent for u
s
e. T
he
chip
is very suitabl
e fo
r
the ap
plicatio
ns
of three-p
hase th
ree
-
wi
re
system a
nd three
-
p
h
a
s
e four-wi
r
e sy
stem.
4.
1
.2 Meas
uri
ng Principle of Electric E
n
erg
y
Metering Module
Let the expression of alt
e
rnatin
g volta
ge
and
cu
rre
nt on the loa
d
at time t are as
follows.
u
(
t
)
=
s
in
2
s
in
m
Ut
U
t
(1
)
(
)
si
n(
)
2
si
n(
)
m
it
I
t
U
t
(2)
Among them
,
u
(
t
)
is the
instantane
o
u
s value of
voltage at
time t
；
i
(
t
)
is t
h
e
instanta
neo
u
s
value
of current at time t
；
U
m
is th
e vo
ltage pe
ak
；
I
m
is the
curre
n
t pea
k
；
U
is
th
e
effective valu
e of voltag
e
；
I
is th
e effe
ctive value
of current
；
i
s
t
he p
h
a
s
e
differen
c
e
bet
we
en
voltage and
current
；
is th
e angul
ar fre
quen
cy
。
Then the ave
r
age a
c
tive p
o
we
r P for a perio
d is a
s
follows.
00
0
11
1
(
)
(
)
sin
(
)
c
os(
2
)
c
os
c
o
s
TT
T
mm
Pu
t
i
t
d
t
U
t
I
t
d
t
U
I
t
d
t
U
I
TT
T
(3)
The ele
c
tri
c
e
nergy
W for a
period i
s
as f
o
llows.
0
()
()
c
o
s
T
Wu
t
i
t
d
t
T
U
I
(4
)
For three pha
se ci
rcuit, the total electric
energy can b
e
expre
s
sed
as the sum of
energy in thre
e pha
se
s.
AB
C
WW
W
W
(5)
The total power in thre
e ph
ase three wi
re system i
s
a
s
follows
.
22
31
2
3
1
2
3
3
3
,
,
A
C
A
B
CB
A
C
A
B
CB
PU
I
c
o
s
U
I
c
o
s
Q
U
I
s
i
n
U
I
s
i
n
S
P
Q
(6
)
The total power in thre
e ph
ase fou
r
wi
re
system i
s
as f
o
llows
.
22
44
4
4
4
AA
A
B
B
B
C
C
C
A
A
A
BB
B
C
C
C
P
U
I
co
s
U
I
c
o
s
U
I
co
s
,
Q
U
I
s
i
n
U
I
s
i
n
U
I
s
i
n
,
S
P
Q
(7)
Active energy, which
can b
e
obtaine
d by the
instantan
eou
s active p
o
we
r from the
time
integratio
n.
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6362
(
)
(
)
pq
Ep
t
d
t
E
q
t
d
t
(8)
4.2 Hard
w
a
r
e
Design o
f
Meter
Rea
d
ing Conc
entr
ator
Meter readin
g
con
c
e
n
trat
or is respon
sible fo
r coll
ecting d
a
ta from the u
s
e
r
's sm
art
electri
c
ity meter, and send them to data center
.Its
overall struct
ure of
hardware is shown in
Figure 3.
The ha
rd
wa
re of meter readin
g
co
ncentra
to
r incl
u
des p
o
wer
module, M
C
U, GPRS
moudle a
nd
SIM card, an
alogu
e switch
, RS-485
com
m
unication m
oudle a
nd ind
i
cating
circuit. In
Figure 3. Hardwa
re st
ru
ctu
r
e of meter re
ading
con
c
e
n
t
rator
the paper, MSPS-5C3 power m
odul
e and AT89C51 singl
e chi
p
are chosen,
GPRS module is
respon
sibl
e for the
com
m
unication
with cont
rol
cente
r
, RS
-4
85 commu
ni
cation
modul
e is
respon
sibl
e f
o
r
comm
uni
cation with
sm
art ele
c
tri
c
ity meter. Anal
o
g
switch
pa
rt
is u
s
ed
to swi
t
ch
data tran
sfer
betwe
en M
C
U a
nd
MC55
mod
u
le
or
RS-485
bu
s. P
o
we
r failu
re
detectio
n
circuit
can
inform th
e serve
r
o
n
ti
me when
alte
rnatin
g
curre
n
t outag
e a
n
d
inform the
power
outag
e
site
in orde
r to po
wer o
n
in time and ma
ke the syste
m
ba
ck to no
rmal
work.
4.2.1 Design
of GPRS Mo
dule and SIMCard.
At prese
n
t, there
are m
a
ny GPRS d
a
ta
tran
smission m
odule
s
used for i
ndu
strial
system. In th
is pap
er, M
C
55 mod
u
le of
Siemens
co
mpany is a
d
opted which
confo
r
m
s
to th
e
indu
strial sta
ndard
a
nd T
C
P/IP
proto
c
ol sta
c
k i
s
e
m
bedd
ed. M
C
55
is the t
h
ree
fre
que
n
cy
module
that
has the
sm
all
e
st
size
on th
e ma
rket
tod
a
y, whi
c
h
wo
rkin
g
po
wer supply i
s
3.3
V ~
4.8 V, tran
sm
issi
on p
o
wer i
s
1
w a
nd 2
w re
spe
c
tively, sup
port
s
su
ch four
kin
d
s
o
f
data traffic
a
s
digital ,voice, sho
r
t messa
g
e
and fax. It
provide
s
a st
anda
rd inte
rface of AT co
mmand, supp
orts
the stand
ard
SIM card of 3
V and l. 8 V.
The conne
cti
ng circuit of
MC55 m
odul
e and the SIM card is a
s
sho
w
n in Fi
gure 4.
Becau
s
e
the
typical voltag
e of M
C
5
5
i
s
2.65V
wh
en
the se
rial po
rt
send
s and
re
ceive
s
dat
a,
while the typi
cal voltage
o
f
single
-
chip
microcom
put
er is
gre
a
ter
than 3.5 V,di
rect
con
n
e
c
tion
betwe
en the
m
may ca
use
data erro
rs.
So two level
conve
r
si
on
ci
rcuit i
s
de
sig
n
ed, whi
c
h
con
v
ert
5 V to 2.5 V, 2.5 V to 5 V respe
c
tively. Two tri
ode
9
013 i
s
u
s
ed i
n
ea
ch tra
n
sf
ormatio
n
ci
rcuit,
pull up resi
st
ance is put o
n
the last lev
e
l of 9013
in
orde
r to get the voltage th
ey need. It is as
s
h
ow
n
in
F
i
gu
r
e
5
.
4.2.2 Design
of RS-485
Communicati
on Module
Interface sta
ndard
of
RS
-485 se
rial b
u
s
t
r
an
smits sign
als
in differential bala
n
ce
d
manne
r, and
it has a st
rong
ability of resi
sting
comm
on mo
de interfe
r
en
ce, allo
ws o
n
e
transmitter to drive more
load on the d
e
vice in a
pa
ir of twisted
pair. By use of simple seri
al
interface p
r
o
v
ided by the
micro
c
ontroll
er itself an
d
the bu
s d
r
ive
r
,it can
be
combine
d
into
a
simple
RS
-
485
network. The
ha
rd
wa
re ci
rcuit of
RS-485
comm
unication m
o
dule i
s
sh
own in
Figure 6.
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TELKOM
NIKA
e-ISSN:
2087
-278X
De
sign of the
Rem
o
te Wire
less Meter
Readin
g
Syste
m
Based on GPRS (Na
Wu)
6363
Figure 4. T
he co
nne
ctin
g circuit of MC55 mo
dule
and the SIM card
Figure 5. Level conve
r
si
on
circuit of MC55
Figure 6. T
he hardware circ
uit of RS-485 commu
ni
cation mo
dul
e
4.2.3 Design
of Analog S
w
i
t
ch Par
t
The an
alog
switch
part i
s
switch
ed into t
he
conn
ectio
n
of MCU an
d the MC55
module i
n
initial state.If the MC55 sent in
structions for
copyi
ng
the data, and then switch t
o
the 485 B
U
S.
After gaining
data, then switch to the MC55
m
odul
e, and sen
d
the data to data centre.Th
e
hard
w
a
r
e
circuit of analog
swit
ch is
sho
w
n in Figu
re
7.
Q4
90
13
Q5
90
13
R4
10
K
R3
10
K
R6
10
K
VC
C
-
2
.
5V
R5
10
K
VC
C
M
C
5
5
TXD
M
C
U TXD
Q1
90
1
3
Q2
90
13
R1
0
10
K
R1
1
10
K
VC
C
-
5V
R9
10
K
R8
10
K
MC
5
5
R
X
D
M
C
U R
X
D
2
3
4
VC
C
8
1
6
7
GN
D
5
D
R
A
B
U3
M
AX4
85
E
C1
1
0.
01
u
f
R1
2
10
K
R1
3
10
K
YM
M2
M1
C1
0
0.
01u
f
Po
r
t
1
Po
r
t
2
DE
DI
RO
/R
E
VC
C
磁珠
R1
4
12
0
D9
TVS
P1
.
5
DI
RO
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Vol. 11, No
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er 201
3: 635
8 – 6366
6364
Figure 7. T
he hardware circuit of anal
og switch
5. Soft
w
a
r
e
Design o
f
th
e Sy
stem
Software d
e
s
ign of the
system in
clude
s both
sma
r
t meter desig
n an
d meter
con
c
e
n
trato
r
desi
gn p
a
rt
s, and m
odul
ar desi
gn th
ou
ght is
used i
n
its d
e
si
gn.
Here, only m
a
in
prog
ram d
e
si
gn thinki
ng of
the two part
s
is in focu
sed
on.
5.1 Soft
w
a
re
design of s
m
art mete
r
Maste
r
control pro
g
ra
m of
sma
r
t meter
must
en
able
MCU to
co
m
m
and e
a
ch p
a
rt ci
rcuit
to com
p
lete
electri
c
al
en
e
r
gy mea
s
u
r
e
m
ent, data
st
orag
e a
nd
communi
catio
n
and
di
spla
y in
orde
r,
can
ca
ll the
sub
r
o
u
tine m
odule
s
to a
c
hiev
e
various fun
c
tion
s of
the
wh
ol
e sy
stem. M
a
in
prog
ram flo
w
cha
r
t of sma
r
t meter is a
s
shown in Figu
re 8.
Figure 8. The
main pro
g
ra
m flow cha
r
t of smart mete
r
in
/
o
u
t
A
1
ou
t/
in
A
2
ou
t/
in
B
3
in
/
o
u
t
B
4
Co
n
t
r
o
l
B
5
Co
n
t
r
o
l
C
6
VS
S
7
i
n
/
out
C
8
ou
t/
in
C
9
ou
t/
in
D
10
i
n
/
out
D
11
Co
n
t
r
o
l
D
12
Co
n
t
r
o
l
A
13
VDD
14
U2
40
66
VC
C
C5
0.
01u
F
P1
.
1
MC
U
R
X
D
MC
5
5
T
X
D
0
M
C
UTXD
23
2/4
8
5D
I
P1
.
0
23
2/4
8
5R
O
MC
5
5
R
X
D
0
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
e-ISSN:
2087
-278X
De
sign of the
Rem
o
te Wire
less Meter
Readin
g
Syste
m
Based on GPRS (Na
Wu)
6365
5.2 Soft
w
a
re
Design of M
e
ter
Readin
g
Conce
n
tr
ator
Program de
si
gn
of
mete
r readin
g
con
c
e
n
trator
ne
ed
i
n
itialization
p
r
ocess an
d
send th
e
AT comm
an
ds to the
G
S
M netwo
rk,
e
tc. Meter
re
ading
co
nce
n
trator i
s
o
n
l
y
waiting for the
con
n
e
c
tion from the com
m
unication m
a
chi
ne pa
ssiv
e
ly. When it
analysi
s
that these o
r
de
rs
are
for the sma
r
t meter unde
r the jurisdi
c
tion of itse
lf,
CPU will say the word to the related
smart
meters throu
gh
RS-48
5
b
u
s, receive t
he ba
ck in
formation from
s
m
art meters in the
effec
t
ive
time
，
and p
a
c
kage th
em i
n
to the data
whi
c
h GP
RS
w
ill send to
the data
cent
er di
re
ctly. Main
prog
ram flo
w
cha
r
t of meter rea
d
ing
con
c
entrator i
s
a
s
sh
own in Figure 9.
Figure 9. Main prog
ram flo
w
ch
art of me
ter rea
d
ing
co
nce
n
trato
r
6. Conclusio
n
The de
sign
schem
e of re
mote wirele
ss meter
rea
d
i
ng syste
m
b
a
se
d on GP
RS puts
forwa
r
d in thi
s
pa
per
ha
s been u
s
e
d
in
our
city for two yea
r
s
no
w. Pra
c
tice h
a
s p
r
oved th
at the
way of this
re
ading m
e
ter
has
overcom
ed the in
su
ffi
cien
cy of oth
e
r mete
r read
ing ways, bro
ught
eco
nomi
c
b
e
nefits fo
r the
meter
comp
any of th
e
city, save
a la
rge a
m
ount
of
man
power a
nd
material
re
so
urces,
be
sui
t
able fo
r the
i
n
stallati
o
n
of
the la
rge
qua
ntity. In addition, du
e to t
h
e
use of the e
x
isting GPRS
wirele
ss cha
nnel of mobil
e
comm
unica
tion comp
any
, the way has
waken the inf
l
uence of in
terference, improved the stability of
data transmi
ssi
on. In the practi
cal
appli
c
ation, d
a
ta co
py an
d data ma
na
gement of
th
e system
are integrated,
it not only can
compl
e
te dat
a acqui
sition
and tra
n
smission
of four
kinds
of meters a
c
curately
and timely, b
u
t
also has strong portabilit
y
and compatibility.
Combi
n
ed with so
m
e
sensors, it
can be used in
sma
r
t home,
coal g
a
s d
e
te
ction an
d oth
e
r fields
, ha
s
the very good
market value
and appli
c
ati
o
n
pro
s
pe
ct.
Ackn
o
w
l
e
dg
ements
The pa
pe
r is
sup
porte
d by
the followin
g
proje
c
ts:
Na
tional Natu
ral
Scien
c
e F
o
u
ndation
of Shan
dong
province (Z
R20
11FM
018
). National
Natural
Scie
nce Fo
und
ation
of Sha
ndo
n
g
provin
ce (Z
R2012EEM0
2
1
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
e-ISSN: 2
087-278X
TELKOM
NIKA
Vol. 11, No
. 11, Novemb
er 201
3: 635
8 – 6366
6366
Referen
ces
[1]
W
ang
Xi
anch
u
ang, Ya
n Yo
u
y
un, Li
u Jia
n
g
u
o
. Desi
gn of th
e W
i
reless M
e
t
e
r Re
adi
ng T
e
rminal
Base
d
on AVR Sin
g
l
e
-chip Proc
esso
r.
Journal of C
han
gsh
a
Univ
e
r
sity
. 2011; 25
(2): 36-38.
[2]
W
ang Kui, Su
nYin
g. Po
w
e
r
S
y
stem Autom
a
tion
(Sec
on
d
Edtion). Bei
n
gjin
g: Chi
na E
l
ectric Po
w
e
r
Press. 2010:
16
8-17
1.
[3]
Z
H
AO Xin
g
y
o
n
g
, AN Guan
gl
a
n
. Per-Pa
y
me
n
t
W
a
lthour Met
e
r
w
i
th IC C
a
rd
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