I
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E
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l En
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Science
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
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May
201
8
,
p
p
.
4
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6
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I
SS
N:
2502
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4752
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DOI
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o
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o
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se
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s
a
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h
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s
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sta
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rd
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th
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th
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e
d
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ty
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o
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se
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c
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se
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in
d
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o
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s
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ra
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k
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late
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ti
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ss
o
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m
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ro
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h
is
re
v
ie
w
w
il
l
in
d
e
e
d
b
e
n
e
f
it
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se
a
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n
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ra
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th
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iel
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sin
c
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it
p
ro
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s
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ra
ll
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t
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se
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tran
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m
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r
in
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latin
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s.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
A
d
so
rb
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n
ts
Co
n
d
it
io
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m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
Re
c
la
m
a
ti
o
n
T
ra
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
Oils
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
2
0
1
8
In
stit
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
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d
E
n
g
i
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e
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rin
g
a
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d
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.
Al
l
rig
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ts re
se
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d
.
C
o
r
r
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s
p
o
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ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Sh
ar
i
n
A
b
Gh
a
n
i
I
n
s
tit
u
te
o
f
H
ig
h
Vo
lta
g
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an
d
Hig
h
C
u
r
r
en
t (
I
V
A
T
)
,
Un
i
v
er
s
iti T
ek
n
o
lo
g
i M
ala
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s
ia
,
8
1
3
1
0
J
o
h
o
r
B
ah
r
u
,
Ma
lay
s
ia
.
E
m
ail: s
h
ar
i
n
ag
@
u
te
m
.
ed
u
.
m
y
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
On
e
o
f
t
h
e
c
h
alle
n
g
e
s
i
n
h
ig
h
v
o
lta
g
e
e
n
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
i
s
to
m
in
i
m
ize
en
er
g
y
lo
s
s
e
s
in
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
,
e
s
p
ec
iall
y
i
n
h
i
g
h
lo
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
h
ea
t
g
en
er
ated
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
i
s
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
en
er
g
y
lo
s
s
es,
w
h
ich
lead
s
to
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
,
p
r
em
at
u
r
e
ag
in
g
a
n
d
f
ai
l
u
r
e
o
f
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
.
T
h
is
h
ea
t
ca
n
b
e
d
is
s
ip
ated
b
y
cir
cu
la
tin
g
a
ce
r
tain
liq
u
id
(
i.e
.
in
s
u
lati
n
g
o
il)
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
h
o
tter
to
th
e
lo
w
er
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
r
eg
io
n
i
n
o
r
d
er
t
o
m
i
n
i
m
ize
en
er
g
y
lo
s
s
es
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
.
T
h
is
is
ill
u
s
tr
ated
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
,
w
h
ic
h
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
f
lo
w
o
f
t
h
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i
n
s
u
lati
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g
o
il
with
i
n
t
h
e
co
o
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g
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y
s
te
m
o
f
a
t
y
p
ical
p
o
w
er
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
“
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
Oil
Han
d
b
o
o
k
”
[
1
]
,
a
r
elativ
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y
h
i
g
h
te
m
p
e
r
atu
r
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
1
2
0
–
1
8
0
°C
lead
s
to
in
s
u
lat
in
g
f
ail
u
r
e
d
u
e
to
th
e
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
o
f
g
as
b
u
b
b
les
w
h
er
ea
s
a
te
m
p
e
r
atu
r
e
o
f
9
8
°C
r
esu
lt
s
in
a
g
in
g
o
f
th
e
i
n
s
u
lat
in
g
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
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lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
A
R
ev
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o
n
th
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R
ec
la
ma
tio
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Tech
n
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S
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-
A
g
e
d
Tr
a
n
s
fo
r
mer I
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s
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g
Oils
(
S
h
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A
b
Gh
a
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i
)
427
I
t
is
e
s
s
e
n
tial
f
o
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i
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s
u
la
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g
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ils
to
h
a
v
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x
ce
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d
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p
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p
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o
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elec
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u
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le
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p
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s
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s
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ce
t
h
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s
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tect
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u
lati
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g
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u
ch
a
s
Kr
af
t
p
ap
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ess
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o
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s
,
as
w
el
l
as
q
u
e
n
c
h
ar
c
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
s
[
2
]
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
i
n
s
u
lati
n
g
o
ils
s
er
v
e
a
s
a
h
ea
t
d
is
s
ip
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n
an
d
ac
o
u
s
tic
d
a
m
p
en
i
n
g
m
ed
iu
m
.
P
o
w
er
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
o
p
er
ato
r
s
a
r
e
also
ab
le
to
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au
g
e
th
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co
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d
itio
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o
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h
e
p
o
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an
s
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ased
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co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
t
h
e
in
s
u
lati
n
g
o
il
[
3
]
–
[
5
]
.
P
o
w
er
tr
an
s
f
o
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m
er
s
ar
e
s
u
b
j
ec
ted
to
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ar
io
u
s
s
tr
ess
e
s
i
n
s
er
v
ice
as
a
r
es
u
lt
o
f
h
i
g
h
o
p
er
atin
g
te
m
p
er
atu
r
es
(
e
s
p
ec
iall
y
a
t
t
h
e
h
o
t
s
p
o
ts
w
h
ich
lead
s
to
p
y
r
o
l
y
s
i
s
)
,
elec
tr
ic
f
ie
ld
s
,
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
ag
n
etic
co
r
e,
o
x
y
g
e
n
(
w
h
i
ch
lead
s
to
o
x
id
atio
n
)
,
m
o
i
s
tu
r
e
(
w
h
ic
h
lead
s
to
h
y
d
r
o
ly
s
i
s
)
,
an
d
o
t
h
er
co
n
ta
m
i
n
a
n
ts
[
6
]
.
E
ac
h
asp
ec
t
o
f
th
e
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
is
an
al
y
ze
d
,
test
ed
an
d
ex
a
m
i
n
ed
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
tag
e
s
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
ct
d
esig
n
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
to
en
s
u
r
e
t
h
at
th
e
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
o
p
er
ates
s
m
o
o
t
h
l
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
its
s
er
v
ice
lif
e.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
in
r
ea
lit
y
,
t
h
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
an
d
d
ielec
tr
ic
p
r
o
p
e
r
ties
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
in
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
w
ill
d
e
g
r
ad
e
g
r
ad
u
all
y
o
v
er
ti
m
e.
T
h
is
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
cc
u
r
s
d
u
e
to
ch
e
m
ical
r
ea
ctio
n
s
t
h
at
ta
k
e
p
lace
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
is
in
o
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atio
n
,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
f
u
r
t
h
er
ag
g
r
av
ated
b
y
t
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
h
ea
t,
o
x
y
g
en
a
n
d
m
o
is
t
u
r
e.
Mo
is
t
u
r
e
is
h
ar
m
f
u
l
to
th
e
in
s
u
la
tin
g
p
ap
er
s
in
ce
it
in
itiate
s
h
y
d
r
o
l
y
s
is
an
d
ce
llu
lo
s
e
c
h
ain
s
c
is
s
io
n
.
A
t
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e,
o
x
y
g
e
n
r
ea
cts
w
it
h
t
h
e
in
s
u
la
tin
g
o
il
(
w
it
h
m
etal
s
an
d
m
o
is
t
u
r
e
as
ca
ta
l
y
s
ts
)
,
p
r
o
d
u
ci
n
g
a
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
o
x
id
atio
n
b
y
-
p
r
o
d
u
cts,
s
o
l
u
b
le
o
r
in
s
o
l
u
b
le
ac
i
d
s
,
an
d
o
th
er
p
o
lar
s
u
b
s
ta
n
ce
s
[
7
]
–
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
ese
d
e
g
r
ad
atio
n
p
r
o
d
u
cts
w
ill
a
f
f
ec
t
th
e
o
il
-
p
ap
er
in
s
u
lati
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
th
e
lo
n
g
ter
m
,
w
h
ic
h
w
ill
lead
to
s
ev
er
e
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
W
ar
d
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
,
alm
o
s
t
7
5
%
o
f
ex
tr
a
h
i
g
h
v
o
lta
g
e
(
E
HV)
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
f
ailu
r
es
r
es
u
lti
n
g
f
r
o
m
d
iele
ctr
ic
b
r
ea
k
d
o
w
n
s
ca
n
b
e
r
e
d
u
ce
d
b
y
p
er
io
d
ic
m
ai
n
ten
a
n
ce
in
c
lu
d
i
n
g
r
ec
la
m
atio
n
a
n
d
r
ec
o
n
d
itio
n
in
g
o
f
in
s
u
lati
n
g
o
ils
.
I
n
f
ac
t,
r
ec
lai
m
i
n
g
i
n
s
u
lati
n
g
o
ils
ex
ten
d
s
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
i
n
g
u
s
e
f
u
l
lif
e
(
R
U
L
)
o
f
th
e
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
b
y
r
etar
d
in
g
t
h
e
ag
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
in
s
u
lati
n
g
p
ap
er
an
d
p
r
ess
b
o
ar
d
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Flo
w
o
f
I
n
s
u
lati
n
g
O
il W
ith
i
n
th
e
C
o
o
lin
g
S
y
s
te
m
o
f
a
T
y
p
ical
P
o
w
er
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
[
1
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
Ma
y
2
0
1
8
:
4
2
6
–
4
3
5
428
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
On
li
n
e
Mo
b
ile
I
n
s
u
l
atin
g
Oil Rec
la
m
at
io
n
P
lan
t
: (
l
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t)
Mo
b
ile
T
r
u
ck
; (
r
ig
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t)
C
o
l
u
m
n
T
an
k
s
Fil
led
w
it
h
A
d
s
o
r
b
en
t
.
R
ec
la
m
atio
n
o
f
i
n
s
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lati
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g
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ils
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y
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ea
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ed
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ted
f
o
r
alm
o
s
t
3
0
y
ea
r
s
[
1
2
]
,
[
1
3
]
.
I
n
p
r
ac
ti
ce
,
th
er
e
ar
e
tw
o
t
y
p
es
o
f
o
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atin
g
m
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d
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f
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r
th
e
r
ec
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m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
(
i.e
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o
f
f
li
n
e
a
n
d
o
n
lin
e)
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
2
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
A
t
p
r
esen
t,
t
h
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
th
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
co
m
p
lied
w
it
h
f
o
r
r
ec
la
m
atio
n
o
f
in
s
u
la
tin
g
o
ils
,
n
a
m
el
y
:
(
1
)
I
E
E
E
Std
6
3
7
-
1
9
8
5
(
R
2
0
0
7
)
(
i.e
.
I
E
E
E
g
u
id
e
f
o
r
th
e
r
ec
la
m
atio
n
o
f
in
s
u
lati
n
g
o
il
an
d
cr
iter
ia
f
o
r
its
u
s
e)
,
an
d
(
2
)
B
S
E
N
6
0
4
2
2
:2
0
1
3
(
i.e
.
Min
er
al
in
s
u
lat
in
g
o
ils
i
n
elec
tr
ical
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
–
Su
p
er
v
is
io
n
an
d
m
ai
n
te
n
an
ce
g
u
id
an
ce
)
.
A
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
i
v
e
tr
ea
t
m
en
t
o
n
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
,
test
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
an
d
p
r
o
p
e
r
ties
o
f
r
ec
lai
m
ed
in
s
u
la
tin
g
o
ils
is
g
i
v
en
in
b
o
th
o
f
th
ese
s
t
a
n
d
ar
d
s
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
A
t
p
r
esen
t,
th
er
e
ar
e
f
o
u
r
t
y
p
es
o
f
ad
s
o
r
b
en
ts
u
s
ed
in
t
h
e
r
ec
la
m
a
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
n
a
m
el
y
:
(
1
)
Fu
ller
’
s
E
ar
th
(
cla
y
-
b
ased
)
,
b
en
to
n
ite
(
cla
y
-
b
ased
)
,
ac
tiv
a
t
ed
alu
m
i
n
a
(
alu
m
i
n
i
u
m
h
y
d
r
o
x
id
e)
an
d
ac
tiv
ated
ca
r
b
o
n
(
ca
r
b
o
n
-
b
ased
)
.
A
ll
o
f
th
ese
ad
s
o
r
b
en
ts
s
h
ar
e
o
n
e
co
m
m
o
n
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
w
h
ich
is
to
s
c
av
en
g
e
th
e
o
x
id
atio
n
b
y
-
p
r
o
d
u
cts i
n
th
e
in
s
u
lati
n
g
o
il
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
6
]
–
[
2
3
]
.
Fu
ller
’
s
E
ar
th
ad
s
o
r
b
en
t
is
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
b
y
m
ai
n
te
n
an
ce
s
er
v
ice
p
r
o
v
id
er
s
to
r
ec
laim
s
er
v
ice
-
ag
ed
in
s
u
latin
g
o
ils
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
er
e
is
a
s
er
io
u
s
n
ee
d
to
ex
p
lo
r
e
n
e
w
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
a
d
s
o
r
b
en
ts
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
en
h
a
n
ce
th
e
r
ec
la
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
i
n
ce
th
i
s
w
i
ll
ex
te
n
d
th
e
s
er
v
ice
li
f
e
o
f
in
s
u
lati
n
g
o
ils
,
w
h
ic
h
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
th
e
n
o
tio
n
o
f
a
g
r
ee
n
er
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
I
n
g
en
er
al,
t
h
ese
al
ter
n
at
iv
e
ad
s
o
r
b
en
ts
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
co
s
t
-
ef
f
ec
t
iv
e,
ea
s
y
to
ac
q
u
ir
e
(
i
n
o
th
er
w
o
r
d
s
,
th
e
ad
s
o
r
b
en
ts
ca
n
b
e
m
a
n
u
f
ac
tu
r
ed
lo
ca
lly
)
,
an
d
ab
le
to
b
e
r
e
ac
tiv
ated
af
ter
u
s
e.
Mo
r
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
tl
y
,
th
e
s
e
alter
n
ati
v
e
ad
s
o
r
b
en
ts
s
h
o
u
ld
b
o
o
s
t
th
e
s
p
ee
d
o
f
t
h
e
r
ec
la
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
o
r
d
er
to
m
i
n
i
m
ize
t
h
e
o
u
tag
e
p
er
io
d
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
u
n
d
er
g
o
e
s
p
er
io
d
ic
m
ai
n
te
n
an
ce
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
6
]
,
[
2
4
]
–
[
2
8
]
(
Fig
u
r
e
3
).
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c
)
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
P
h
o
to
g
r
ap
h
s
o
f
th
e
A
d
s
o
r
b
en
t
s
Used
in
t
h
e
R
ec
la
m
atio
n
o
f
Used
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
Oils
: (
a)
Fu
l
ler
’
s
E
ar
th
,
(
b
)
B
en
to
n
ite
an
d
(
c)
P
a
l
m
S
h
ell
A
cti
v
ated
C
ar
b
o
n
[
2
6
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
A
R
ev
iew
o
n
th
e
R
ec
la
ma
tio
n
Tech
n
o
lo
g
ies fo
r
S
ervice
-
A
g
e
d
Tr
a
n
s
fo
r
mer I
n
s
u
la
tin
g
Oils
(
S
h
a
r
in
A
b
Gh
a
n
i
)
429
2.
RE
C
L
AM
AT
I
O
N
O
F
I
NSU
L
AT
I
N
G
O
I
L
S
I
n
g
e
n
er
al,
s
er
v
ice
-
ag
ed
i
n
s
u
l
atin
g
o
ils
ar
e
tr
ea
ted
b
y
th
r
ee
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
:
(
1
)
r
ec
lam
atio
n
,
(
2
)
re
-
r
ef
i
n
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
(
3
)
r
ec
o
n
d
itio
n
in
g
.
Si
n
ce
t
h
is
r
e
v
ie
w
is
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
r
ec
la
m
atio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
i
es
f
o
r
s
er
v
ice
-
a
g
ed
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
i
n
s
u
lati
n
g
o
ils
,
t
h
e
s
co
p
e
o
f
th
e
d
i
s
cu
s
s
io
n
is
l
i
m
ited
to
t
h
e
r
ec
la
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
B
ased
o
n
t
h
e
d
ef
in
i
tio
n
s
g
i
v
e
n
i
n
[
1
2
]
an
d
[
1
3
]
,
r
ec
lam
atio
n
i
s
“
t
h
e
r
esto
r
atio
n
to
u
s
e
f
u
l
n
e
s
s
b
y
th
e
r
e
m
o
v
a
l
o
f
co
n
ta
m
i
n
a
n
ts
a
n
d
p
r
o
d
u
cts
o
f
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
s
u
c
h
as
p
o
lar
,
ac
id
ic,
o
r
co
llo
id
al
m
ater
ial
s
f
r
o
m
u
s
ed
elec
tr
ical
in
s
u
lati
n
g
liq
u
id
s
”.
At
p
r
esen
t,
th
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
t
h
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
co
m
p
lied
w
it
h
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
r
ec
la
m
atio
n
o
f
in
s
u
la
tin
g
o
ils
,
n
a
m
el
y
:
(
1
)
I
E
E
E
Std
6
3
7
-
1
9
8
5
(
R
2
0
0
7
)
(
i.e
.
I
E
E
E
g
u
id
e
f
o
r
th
e
r
ec
la
m
atio
n
o
f
i
n
s
u
lati
n
g
o
il
an
d
cr
iter
ia
f
o
r
its
u
s
e)
,
an
d
(
2
)
B
S
E
N
6
0
4
2
2
:
2
0
1
3
(
i.e
.
Min
er
al
in
s
u
lati
n
g
o
ils
i
n
ele
ctr
ical
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
–
Su
p
er
v
i
s
io
n
an
d
m
ain
ten
a
n
ce
g
u
id
an
ce
)
.
B
o
th
o
f
th
e
s
e
s
t
an
d
ar
d
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
c
o
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
i
v
e
g
u
id
e
o
n
th
e
r
ec
lai
m
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e,
th
e
te
s
t
m
et
h
o
d
s
u
s
ed
to
as
s
es
s
t
h
e
r
ec
la
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
as
w
ell
a
s
t
h
e
cr
iter
ia
th
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
f
u
l
f
illed
to
en
s
u
r
e
t
h
at
th
e
r
ec
lai
m
ed
o
ils
ca
n
b
e
u
s
e
d
in
o
il
-
i
m
m
er
s
ed
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
[
1
2
,
1
3
]
.
R
ec
lai
m
i
n
g
s
er
v
ice
-
ag
ed
in
s
u
l
atin
g
o
ils
is
n
o
t
a
task
f
o
r
n
o
v
ice
p
o
w
er
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
o
p
er
ato
r
s
s
in
ce
it
r
eq
u
ir
es
a
h
ig
h
le
v
el
o
f
tech
n
ical
co
m
p
e
ten
c
y
a
n
d
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
ex
p
er
ien
ce
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
e
r
ties
o
f
th
e
r
ec
lai
m
ed
in
s
u
lati
n
g
o
il
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
ass
e
s
s
ed
in
o
r
d
er
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
ti
v
en
e
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
r
ec
la
m
at
i
o
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
as
w
ell
as
esti
m
ate
th
e
R
U
L
o
f
th
e
i
n
s
u
lat
in
g
o
il.
T
h
e
r
ec
lam
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
r
esto
r
es
th
e
p
r
o
p
e
r
ties
o
f
th
e
s
er
v
ice
-
a
g
ed
in
s
u
lati
n
g
o
il
to
a
lev
el
th
at
is
co
m
p
ar
ab
le
w
i
th
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
er
ti
es
o
f
u
n
u
s
ed
m
i
n
er
al
in
s
u
la
tin
g
o
ils
s
p
ec
i
f
ied
i
n
th
e
I
E
C
6
0
2
9
6
an
d
A
ST
M
D3
4
8
7
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
.
R
ec
lai
m
in
g
s
er
v
ice
-
a
g
ed
o
ils
w
i
th
m
o
d
e
r
ate
to
h
i
g
h
ac
id
it
y
t
y
p
icall
y
y
ield
s
o
ils
w
it
h
lo
w
er
o
x
id
atio
n
r
esi
s
ta
n
ce
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
i
th
n
e
w
o
il
s
.
I
t
is
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
ed
th
at
a
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
f
ea
s
ib
ili
t
y
tes
t
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
p
r
io
r
to
th
e
r
ec
lam
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
tw
o
ty
p
e
s
o
f
r
ec
la
m
ati
o
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
n
a
m
el
y
: (
1
)
r
ec
la
m
ati
o
n
b
y
p
er
co
latio
n
,
an
d
(
2
)
r
ec
l
a
m
atio
n
b
y
co
n
tact
[
1
5
]
,
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
1
]
.
2
.
1
.
Rec
la
m
a
t
io
n
B
y
P
er
co
la
t
io
n
I
n
th
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
t
h
e
i
n
s
u
la
tin
g
o
il is
co
llected
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
b
o
tt
o
m
o
f
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t,
an
d
h
ea
ted
to
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e.
T
h
e
in
s
u
lat
in
g
o
il
i
s
cir
cu
lated
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
f
i
lter
in
o
r
d
er
to
eli
m
i
n
ate
s
o
lid
s
an
d
s
u
s
p
en
d
ed
p
ar
ticles,
an
d
th
e
o
il
is
d
eli
v
er
ed
b
ac
k
to
t
h
e
to
p
o
f
th
e
elec
tr
ical
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t.
T
h
e
i
n
s
u
lati
ng
o
il
i
s
th
en
cir
c
u
lated
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
n
e
o
r
m
o
r
e
ca
r
tr
id
g
es
co
n
tai
n
in
g
F
u
ller
’
s
E
ar
th
(
o
r
an
y
o
th
er
s
u
it
ab
le
ad
s
o
r
b
en
ts
)
in
o
r
d
er
to
r
em
o
v
e
s
o
l
u
b
le
p
o
lar
co
n
ta
m
in
a
n
t
s
.
L
a
s
tl
y
,
t
h
e
i
n
s
u
lati
n
g
o
il
is
c
ir
cu
lated
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
r
ec
o
n
d
itio
n
i
n
g
d
ev
ice
(
i.e
.
v
ac
u
u
m
d
e
h
y
d
r
ato
r
o
r
ce
n
tr
if
u
g
e)
in
o
r
d
er
to
r
e
m
o
v
e
m
o
is
t
u
r
e
an
d
g
a
s
s
es.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
tw
o
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
p
er
co
latio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
c
u
r
r
en
tl
y
av
ai
lab
le,
n
a
m
el
y
:
(
1
)
p
er
co
latio
n
b
y
g
r
av
i
t
y
,
a
n
d
(
2
)
p
er
c
o
latio
n
b
y
p
r
ess
u
r
e.
T
h
e
latter
tech
n
iq
u
e
(
i.e
.
p
er
co
latio
n
b
y
p
r
ess
u
r
e)
ca
n
b
e
f
u
r
th
er
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
f
o
u
r
ty
p
e
s
,
n
a
m
e
l
y
,
p
er
co
latio
n
u
s
i
n
g
:
(
1
)
b
u
lk
f
i
l
ter
s
,
(
2
)
d
ee
p
b
e
d
f
iltra
tio
n
,
(
3
)
th
r
o
w
-
a
w
a
y
an
d
r
ep
ac
k
ab
l
e
ca
r
tr
id
g
es,
an
d
(
4
)
th
er
m
o
-
s
ip
h
o
n
b
y
p
as
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
s
c
h
e
m
atic
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
p
er
co
latio
n
b
y
g
r
av
it
y
a
n
d
p
er
co
latio
n
b
y
p
r
ess
u
r
e
u
s
i
n
g
v
ar
io
u
s
cla
y
b
u
l
k
f
ilter
s
.
2
.
2
.
Rec
la
m
a
t
io
n
B
y
Co
nta
c
t
I
n
t
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
t
h
e
co
n
ta
m
i
n
at
ed
in
s
u
lati
n
g
o
il
is
s
tirr
ed
i
n
a
s
u
itab
le
co
n
tai
n
er
,
an
d
F
u
ller
’
s
E
ar
th
i
s
u
s
ed
as
th
e
ad
s
o
r
b
en
t.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
i
m
p
r
ac
tical
f
o
r
in
d
u
s
t
r
ial
ap
p
licatio
n
s
s
in
ce
it
r
eq
u
ir
es
v
er
y
lo
n
g
o
u
ta
g
e
p
er
io
d
s
f
o
r
th
e
elec
tr
ical
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
u
s
e
f
u
l
to
r
ec
y
cle
lar
g
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
s
o
f
w
aste
o
il
s
.
R
ec
la
m
atio
n
b
y
co
n
tact
i
s
t
y
p
icall
y
co
n
d
u
c
ted
o
n
a
lab
o
r
at
o
r
y
s
ca
le
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
in
v
es
tig
a
te
th
e
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
r
ec
la
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
o
r
g
i
v
en
o
il
as
w
ell
a
s
esti
m
ate
th
e
r
esu
lta
n
t
p
r
o
p
e
r
ties
o
f
th
e
o
il
th
at
ca
n
b
e
attai
n
ed
if
r
ec
la
m
a
tio
n
i
s
co
n
d
u
cted
o
n
s
ite
(
Fig
u
r
e
5
).
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
Ma
y
2
0
1
8
:
4
2
6
–
4
3
5
430
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Sch
e
m
atic
Dia
g
r
a
m
o
f
R
ec
la
m
atio
n
b
y
P
er
co
latio
n
: (
a)
P
e
r
co
latio
n
b
y
Gr
av
it
y
; (
b
)
P
e
r
co
latio
n
b
y
P
r
ess
u
r
e
Usi
n
g
Var
io
u
s
B
u
l
k
C
la
y
Fil
ter
s
[
1
4
]
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
P
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
R
ec
la
m
at
io
n
b
y
C
o
n
tact
: (
a)
Me
ch
an
ica
l
Ag
itatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
A
d
s
o
r
b
en
t
i
n
th
e
Oi
l
b
y
Usi
n
g
Ho
tp
late
Ma
g
n
et
ic
Sti
r
r
er
; (
b
)
Fil
ter
in
g
t
h
e
Oil b
y
U
s
in
g
Vac
u
u
m
F
iltra
tio
n
F
las
k
[
2
9
]
.
3.
ADSO
RB
E
N
T
S
A
d
s
o
r
p
tio
n
is
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
w
h
er
e
o
n
e
s
u
b
s
tan
ce
attr
ac
t
s
an
d
h
o
ld
s
an
o
th
er
s
u
b
s
tan
ce
te
n
ac
io
u
s
l
y
to
it
s
s
u
r
f
ac
e
ar
ea
.
I
n
g
e
n
er
al,
m
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
ta
m
in
a
n
ts
i
n
t
h
e
i
n
s
u
lat
in
g
o
il
(
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
w
a
ter
)
ar
e
p
o
lar
in
n
at
u
r
e
an
d
th
er
e
f
o
r
e,
th
e
s
e
co
n
ta
m
i
n
an
ts
ar
e
ea
s
il
y
ad
s
o
r
b
ed
.
T
h
e
co
n
ta
m
i
n
a
n
ts
p
r
esen
t
in
t
h
e
i
n
s
u
lat
in
g
o
il
ca
n
b
e
r
e
m
o
v
ed
u
s
i
n
g
a
s
u
itab
le
ad
s
o
r
b
en
t.
Fu
l
ler
’
s
E
ar
th
is
a
cla
s
s
o
f
ad
s
o
r
b
en
t
cla
y
s
e
x
i
s
ti
n
g
in
n
at
u
r
e,
r
ath
er
t
h
a
n
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
m
i
n
er
alo
g
ical
s
p
ec
i
es
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
4
]
,
w
h
ic
h
is
co
m
m
o
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A
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5.
CO
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SI
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b
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w
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tech
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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ad
s
o
r
b
p
o
lar
c
o
n
ta
m
i
n
a
n
ts
,
r
es
u
lti
n
g
i
n
tr
an
s
lu
ce
n
t
in
s
u
lati
n
g
o
il
w
it
h
f
av
o
r
ab
le
p
r
o
p
er
ties
.
Ho
w
e
v
e
r
,
Fu
ller
’
s
E
ar
t
h
ca
n
o
n
l
y
b
e
u
s
ed
o
n
ce
,
a
n
d
t
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
m
u
s
t
b
e
d
i
s
p
o
s
ed
in
to
th
e
lan
d
f
ill
af
ter
u
s
e.
Hen
ce
,
th
er
e
is
a
n
ee
d
to
ex
p
lo
r
e
alt
er
n
ativ
e
ad
s
o
r
b
en
ts
t
h
at
ar
e
m
o
r
e
co
s
t
-
e
f
f
ec
t
iv
e,
ea
s
y
to
ac
q
u
ir
e
(
w
h
er
eb
y
t
h
es
e
ad
s
o
r
b
en
ts
ca
n
b
e
m
an
u
f
ac
t
u
r
ed
lo
ca
lly
i
n
Ma
la
y
s
ia)
,
a
n
d
ca
n
b
e
r
ea
ctiv
ated
af
ter
u
s
e.
Mo
r
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
tl
y
,
t
h
ese
a
lter
n
ati
v
e
ad
s
o
r
b
en
ts
s
h
o
u
ld
ex
p
ed
ite
t
h
e
r
ec
la
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
w
h
ic
h
w
i
l
l
in
tu
r
n
,
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
o
u
tag
e
p
er
i
o
d
w
h
e
n
th
e
p
o
w
er
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
u
n
d
er
g
o
es
p
er
io
d
ic
m
ai
n
ten
a
n
ce
.
T
h
is
is
i
n
d
ee
d
an
in
ter
e
s
ti
n
g
ar
e
a
f
o
r
f
u
t
u
r
e
r
esear
ch
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
D
G
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
g
r
a
ci
o
u
s
ly
ac
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
th
e
f
in
an
cia
l
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
d
b
y
th
e
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
Hig
h
er
E
d
u
c
ati
o
n
Ma
l
ay
s
ia
(
MO
H
E
)
,
Un
iv
er
s
i
ti
T
ek
n
o
l
o
g
i
Ma
l
a
y
s
ia
(
UT
M)
,
an
d
Un
iv
e
r
s
i
ti
T
ek
n
ik
al
Ma
lay
s
ia
Me
lak
a
(
U
T
eM
)
u
n
d
er
th
e
f
o
ll
o
w
in
g
g
r
an
ts
:
U
T
M
(
Q
.
J
1
3
0
0
0
0
.
2
5
2
3
.
1
8
H
0
4
)
an
d
U
T
eM
(
FR
GS/
1
/
2
0
1
7
/
T
K
0
4
/FK
E
-
C
E
R
I
A
/F0
0
3
3
2
)
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
T
ra
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
o
il
h
a
n
d
b
o
o
k
,
F
irst
Ed
it
.
S
w
e
d
e
n
:
Ny
n
a
s Na
p
h
ten
is A
B,
2
0
0
4
.
[2
]
N.
A
.
Oth
m
a
n
,
H.
Zain
u
d
d
in
,
A
.
Am
a
n
,
S
.
A
.
G
h
a
n
i,
a
n
d
I
.
S
.
Ch
a
iru
l,
“
T
h
e
c
o
rre
latio
n
b
e
tw
e
e
n
su
rf
a
c
e
trac
k
in
g
a
n
d
p
a
rt
ial
d
isc
h
a
rg
e
c
h
a
ra
c
teristics
o
n
p
re
ss
b
o
a
rd
su
rf
a
c
e
i
m
m
e
r
se
d
in
M
IDEL
e
n
,
”
In
t.
J.
El
e
c
tr.
Co
m
p
u
t.
E
n
g
.
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
6
3
1
–
6
4
0
,
2
0
1
7
.
[3
]
I.
F
o
f
a
n
a
,
“
5
0
y
e
a
r
s
in
th
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
in
su
lati
n
g
li
q
u
id
s,”
I
E
EE
El
e
c
tr.
I
n
su
l.
M
a
g
.
,
v
o
l.
2
9
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
3
–
2
5
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
1
3
.
[4
]
R.
S
a
n
g
h
i,
“
Ch
e
m
istr
y
b
e
h
in
d
t
h
e
li
f
e
o
f
a
tran
s
f
o
rm
e
r,
”
Re
so
n
a
n
c
e
,
v
o
l.
8
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
1
7
–
2
3
,
Ju
n
.
2
0
0
3
.
[5
]
H.
De
F
a
ria,
J.
G
.
S
.
Co
sta
,
a
n
d
J.
L
.
M
.
Oli
v
a
s,
“
A
r
e
v
ie
w
o
f
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
m
e
th
o
d
s
f
o
r
p
re
d
ictiv
e
m
a
in
ten
a
n
c
e
o
f
e
lec
tri
c
p
o
w
e
r
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
rs
b
a
se
d
o
n
d
isso
lv
e
d
g
a
s
a
n
a
l
y
sis,”
Re
n
e
w
.
S
u
sta
in
.
En
e
rg
y
Re
v
.
,
v
o
l.
4
6
,
p
p
.
2
0
1
–
2
0
9
,
Ju
n
.
2
0
1
5
.
[6
]
M
.
A
.
Talib
,
N.
A
.
M
u
h
a
m
a
d
,
Z.
A
.
M
a
le
k
,
a
n
d
B.
T
.
P
h
u
n
g
,
“
F
a
u
lt
id
e
n
ti
f
ica
ti
o
n
o
f
in
-
se
rv
ice
p
o
we
r
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
r
u
sin
g
d
e
p
o
lariz
a
ti
o
n
c
u
rre
n
t
a
n
a
ly
sis,”
In
t.
J.
El
e
c
tr.
Co
m
p
u
t.
En
g
.
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
5
5
9
–
5
6
7
,
2
0
1
7
.
[7
]
I.
F
o
f
a
n
a
,
J.
S
a
b
a
u
,
D.
Bu
ss
iere
s,
a
n
d
E
.
B.
Ro
b
e
rtso
n
,
“
T
h
e
m
e
c
h
a
n
ism
o
f
g
a
s
sin
g
in
p
o
w
e
r
tran
sf
o
rm
e
rs,”
in
2
0
0
8
I
EE
E
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
Die
lec
tri
c
L
iq
u
id
s,
2
0
0
8
,
p
p
.
1
–
4.
[8
]
I.
F
o
f
a
n
a
,
A
.
Bo
u
a
ich
a
,
M
.
F
a
rz
a
n
e
h
,
a
n
d
J.
S
a
b
a
u
,
“
A
g
e
in
g
Be
h
a
v
io
u
r
o
f
M
in
e
ra
l
Oil
a
n
d
Ester
L
iq
u
id
s:
a
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
S
tu
d
y
,
”
in
2
0
0
8
A
n
n
u
a
l
Re
p
o
r
t
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
c
tr
ica
l
In
su
latio
n
a
n
d
Di
e
lec
tri
c
P
h
e
n
o
m
e
n
a
,
2
0
0
8
,
p
p
.
8
7
–
9
0
.
[9
]
I.
F
o
f
a
n
a
,
A
.
Bo
u
a
ich
a
,
Y.
Ha
d
jad
j,
J.
S
.
N’Ch
o
,
T
.
A
k
a
-
Ng
n
u
i,
a
n
d
A
.
Be
ro
u
a
l,
“
Earl
y
sta
g
e
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
o
f
in
su
lati
n
g
o
il
d
e
c
a
y
in
g
,
”
in
2
0
1
0
A
n
n
u
a
l
Re
p
o
rt
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
In
su
lat
io
n
a
n
d
Die
lec
ti
c
P
h
e
n
o
m
e
n
a
,
2
0
1
0
,
p
p
.
1
–
4.
[1
0
]
B.
W
a
rd
,
“
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
F
il
trati
o
n
S
y
ste
m
f
o
r
On
-
L
in
e
Oil
Re
c
la
m
a
ti
o
n
,
De
g
a
ss
in
g
,
a
n
d
De
h
y
d
ra
ti
o
n
,
”
E
P
RI
Re
p
.
1
0
0
2
0
4
6
,
2
0
0
3
.
[1
1
]
J.
S
.
N’c
h
o
,
I.
F
o
f
a
n
a
,
A
.
Be
ro
u
a
l,
T
.
A
k
a
-
Ng
n
u
i,
a
n
d
J.
S
a
b
a
u
,
“
Ag
e
d
o
il
s
re
c
la
m
a
ti
o
n
:
F
a
c
ts
a
n
d
a
rg
u
m
e
n
ts
b
a
se
d
o
n
la
b
o
ra
to
ry
stu
d
ies
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Die
lec
tr.
El
e
c
tr.
In
s
u
l.
,
v
o
l.
1
9
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
5
8
3
–
1
5
9
2
,
Oc
t.
2
0
1
2
.
[1
2
]
S
.
D.
M
y
e
rs,
J.
Ke
ll
y
,
R.
H.
P
a
rrish
,
a
n
d
E.
L
.
Ra
a
b
,
A
g
u
id
e
to
T
ra
n
sf
o
r
m
e
r
M
a
in
ten
a
n
c
e
.
S
.
D.
M
y
e
rs
In
c
.
P
u
b
l
ish
e
rs,
1
9
8
1
.
[1
3
]
J.
J.
Ke
ll
y
a
n
d
D.
P
.
M
y
e
rs,
“
T
r
a
n
sf
o
r
m
e
r
li
f
e
e
x
ten
sio
n
th
ro
u
g
h
p
ro
p
e
r
re
in
h
i
b
it
i
n
g
a
n
d
p
re
se
rv
a
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
o
i
l
in
su
lati
o
n
,
”
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
s.
In
d
.
A
p
p
l.
,
v
o
l.
3
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
5
5
–
6
0
,
1
9
9
5
.
[1
4
]
A
NSI/
IEE
E,
“
IEE
E
S
t
d
6
3
7
-
1
9
8
5
(R2
0
0
7
)
IEE
E
G
u
id
e
f
o
r
th
e
R
e
c
la
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
In
su
latin
g
Oil
a
n
d
Crit
e
ria
f
o
r
It
s
Us
e
,
”
Ne
w
Yo
rk
,
US
A
,
2
0
0
8
.
[1
5
]
Brit
ish
S
ta
n
d
a
rd
s
I
n
stit
u
ti
o
n
,
“
B
S
EN
6
0
4
2
2
:
2
0
1
3
M
in
e
ra
l
i
n
su
l
a
ti
n
g
o
il
s
i
n
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
—
S
u
p
e
rv
isio
n
a
n
d
m
a
in
ten
a
n
c
e
g
u
id
a
n
c
e
,
”
n
o
.
De
c
e
m
b
e
r.
2
0
1
3
.
[1
6
]
A
.
Ra
y
m
o
n
a
n
d
R.
Ka
rth
ik
,
“
Re
c
lai
m
in
g
a
g
e
d
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
r
o
il
w
i
th
a
c
ti
v
a
ted
b
e
n
t
o
n
it
e
a
n
d
e
n
h
a
n
c
in
g
re
c
lai
m
e
d
a
n
d
f
re
sh
tran
sf
o
rm
e
r
o
il
s
w
it
h
a
n
ti
o
x
id
a
n
ts,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Die
lec
tr.
El
e
c
tr.
In
s
u
l.
,
v
o
l.
2
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
5
4
8
–
5
5
5
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
1
5
.
[1
7
]
A
.
C.
M
.
S
il
v
a
,
M
.
C.
G
u
im
a
r
ã
e
s
A
lb
u
q
u
e
rq
u
e
,
C.
L
.
Ca
v
a
lca
n
te,
T
.
N.
Ca
stro
Da
n
tas
,
a
n
d
M
.
A
.
S
a
n
to
s
A
ra
u
jo
,
“
Re
c
la
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
Us
e
d
T
ra
n
sf
o
r
m
e
r
Oil
b
y
A
d
so
rp
ti
o
n
,
”
T
rib
o
l.
T
ra
n
s
.
,
v
o
l.
4
6
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
2
2
3
–
2
2
7
,
J
a
n
.
2
0
0
3
.
[1
8
]
H.
M
.
W
il
h
e
lm
,
G
.
B.
S
t
o
c
c
o
,
a
n
d
S
.
G
.
Ba
ti
sta
,
“
Re
c
laim
in
g
o
f
in
-
se
rv
ice
n
a
tu
ra
l
e
ste
r
-
b
a
se
d
i
n
su
latin
g
f
lu
id
s,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Die
lec
tr.
El
e
c
tr.
In
s
u
l.
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0
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n
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.
1
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p
.
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2
8
–
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4
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.
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0
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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:
2
5
0
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-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
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n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
Ma
y
2
0
1
8
:
4
2
6
–
4
3
5
434
[1
9
]
J.
W
a
d
a
,
G
.
Ue
ta,
S
.
O
k
a
b
e
,
a
n
d
T
.
Am
i
m
o
to
,
“
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
to
in
h
i
b
it
tran
sf
o
rm
e
r
in
su
latin
g
o
il
d
e
g
ra
d
a
ti
o
n
-
Eff
e
c
ti
v
e
n
e
ss
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
re
m
o
v
a
l
o
f
d
e
g
ra
d
a
ti
o
n
p
ro
d
u
c
ts
u
sin
g
a
d
so
r
b
e
n
ts,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Die
lec
tr.
El
e
c
tr.
In
su
l.
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
2
3
0
7
–
2
3
1
6
,
De
c
.
2
0
1
3
.
[2
0
]
K.
O.
Be
rg
,
K.
He
rd
lev
a
r,
M
.
Da
h
lu
n
d
,
A
.
D.
Re
n
strö
m
,
a
n
d
U.
T
h
ies
s,
“
Ex
p
e
rien
c
e
s
F
ro
m
o
n
-
S
i
te
T
ra
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
Oil
Re
c
lai
m
in
g
,
”
in
CIG
RE
P
a
ris
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
P
a
p
e
r
1
2
-
1
0
3
,
2
0
0
2
.
[2
1
]
M
.
Da
h
lu
n
d
,
P
.
Ko
e
stin
g
e
r,
P
.
M
e
y
e
r,
a
n
d
P
.
K
h
a
n
n
a
,
“
L
ife
Ex
ten
sio
n
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
T
ra
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
rs
Oil
Re
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
,
On
S
it
e
Dry
in
g
a
n
d
On
site Re
p
a
ir
,
”
in
P
d
M
S
A
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
,
2
0
1
0
.
[2
2
]
J.
S
a
b
a
u
,
“
On
li
n
e
re
c
lam
a
ti
o
n
o
f
a
g
e
d
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
r
o
il
s,”
in
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s:
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
In
s
u
latio
n
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
a
n
d
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
M
a
n
u
f
a
c
tu
rin
g
a
n
d
C
o
i
l
W
in
d
in
g
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
(Ca
t.
No
.
0
1
CH3
7
2
6
4
),
2
0
0
1
,
p
p
.
5
5
7
–
5
6
5
.
[2
3
]
L
.
G
.
M
.
M
o
u
ra
,
“
Re
c
o
v
e
r
y
o
f
u
se
d
lu
b
rica
n
t
o
i
ls
th
ro
u
g
h
a
d
so
rp
ti
o
n
o
f
re
sid
u
e
s
o
n
so
li
d
su
rf
a
c
e
s
,
”
Bra
z
il
ian
J.
P
e
t.
G
a
s
,
p
p
.
0
9
1
–
1
0
2
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
1
0
.
[2
4
]
L
.
Na
sra
t,
M
.
A
b
d
e
lwa
h
a
b
,
a
n
d
G
.
I
s
m
a
il
,
“
I
m
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
Us
e
d
T
ra
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
Oils
w
it
h
A
c
ti
v
a
t
e
d
Be
n
to
n
it
e
,
”
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
5
8
8
–
5
9
3
,
2
0
1
1
.
[2
5
]
L
.
Na
sra
t
a
n
d
M
.
S
.
Ha
ss
a
n
,
“
Ef
f
e
c
t
o
f
Be
n
to
n
it
e
o
n
t
h
e
P
ro
p
e
rti
e
s
o
f
L
iq
u
id
In
su
lat
in
g
Oil,
”
In
t.
J.
Ch
e
m
.
M
o
l.
Nu
c
l.
M
a
ter.
M
e
tall
.
En
g
.
,
v
o
l.
6
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
1
0
8
9
–
1
0
9
5
,
2
0
1
2
.
[2
6
]
S
.
A
.
G
h
a
n
i,
N.
A
.
M
u
h
a
m
a
d
,
a
n
d
H.
Zai
n
u
d
d
i
n
,
“
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
p
a
l
m
sh
e
ll
a
c
ti
v
a
ted
c
a
rb
o
n
a
s
a
n
a
lt
e
rn
a
ti
v
e
a
d
so
rb
e
n
t
f
o
r
re
c
lam
a
ti
o
n
o
f
u
se
d
tran
sf
o
rm
e
r
o
il
,
”
A
RP
N
J.
En
g
.
A
p
p
l.
S
c
i.
,
v
o
l.
1
0
,
n
o
.
2
2
,
p
p
.
1
0
7
5
2
–
1
0
7
5
8
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
7
]
A
.
I.
Ha
f
e
z
,
N.
S
.
Ge
rg
e
s,
H.
N.
Ib
ra
h
im
,
W
.
S
.
I.
A
b
o
u
El
-
m
a
g
d
,
a
n
d
A
.
I.
Ha
sh
e
m
,
“
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
k
a
o
li
n
c
lay
a
s
n
a
tu
ra
l
m
a
teria
l
f
o
r
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
r
o
il
trea
tme
n
t
to
re
d
u
c
e
th
e
im
p
a
c
t
o
f
a
g
e
in
g
o
n
c
o
p
p
e
r
strip
,
”
Eg
y
p
t.
J.
P
e
t
.
,
v
o
l.
2
6
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
5
3
3
–
5
3
9
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
8
]
L
.
S
a
f
id
d
in
e
,
A
.
Ha
d
j
-
Zi
a
n
e
Zaf
o
u
r,
I.
F
o
f
a
n
a
,
A
.
S
k
e
n
d
e
r,
F
.
G
u
e
rb
a
s,
a
n
d
A
.
Bo
u
c
h
e
rit
,
“
T
ra
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
o
il
re
c
la
m
a
ti
o
n
b
y
c
o
m
b
in
in
g
se
v
e
r
a
l
st
ra
teg
ies
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
d
b
y
th
e
u
se
o
f
f
o
u
r
a
d
so
rb
e
n
ts,”
IET
G
e
n
e
r.
T
r
a
n
sm
.
Distrib
.
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
2
9
1
2
–
2
9
2
0
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
9
]
I.
S
.
C
h
a
iru
l
,
S
.
A
.
G
h
a
n
i,
H.
Zain
u
d
d
i
n
,
N.
H.
Ra
h
im
,
M
.
A
.
T
a
li
b
,
a
n
d
N.
H.
No
r
Ra
h
m
a
n
,
“
Ex
p
lo
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
p
o
ten
ti
a
l
o
f
re
c
lai
m
e
d
w
a
ste
c
o
o
k
in
g
o
il
f
o
r
o
il
-
imm
e
rs
e
d
p
o
w
e
r
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
rs,”
Telk
o
m
n
ik
a
(
T
e
le
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Co
m
p
u
t.
El
e
c
tro
n
.
C
o
n
tr
o
l.
,
v
o
l.
1
5
,
n
o
.
2
,
2
0
1
7
.
[3
0
]
S
.
A
.
Bh
u
m
iwa
t
a
n
d
P
.
P
h
il
li
p
s,
“
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
o
f
o
n
-
si
te
o
il
r
e
c
la
m
a
ti
o
n
p
ro
c
e
ss
b
y
m
e
a
n
s
o
f
p
o
larisa
ti
o
n
/
d
e
p
o
larisa
ti
o
n
c
u
rr
e
n
t
a
n
a
ly
sis,”
in
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
Re
c
o
rd
o
f
th
e
2
0
0
4
IE
EE
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
m
p
o
siu
m
o
n
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
In
su
lati
o
n
,
2
0
0
4
,
n
o
.
S
e
p
tem
b
e
r,
p
p
.
1
0
5
–
1
0
8
.
[3
1
]
J.
S
.
N’Ch
o
,
I
.
F
o
f
a
n
a
,
A
.
Be
ro
u
a
l,
T
.
A
k
a
-
Ng
n
u
i,
a
n
d
J.
S
a
b
a
u
,
“
T
h
e
g
a
ss
in
g
ten
d
e
n
c
y
o
f
r
e
c
lai
m
e
d
o
il
s,”
in
2
0
1
1
IEE
E
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
Die
lec
tri
c
L
iq
u
id
s,
2
0
1
1
,
p
p
.
1
–
4.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
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J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
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4752
A
R
ev
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lt
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sto
ra
g
e
s
y
ste
m
s
,
p
o
w
e
r
e
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
d
iag
n
o
sis
,
a
n
d
h
ig
h
v
o
lt
a
g
e
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
.
No
r
As
i
a
h
M
u
h
a
m
a
d
c
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rre
n
tl
y
w
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rk
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a
s
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e
n
io
r
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e
c
tu
re
r
a
t
th
e
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
A
n
d
El
e
c
tro
n
ic,
U
n
iv
e
rsiti
S
a
i
n
s
M
a
l
a
y
sia
.
P
re
v
io
u
sly
sh
e
w
a
s
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
re
se
a
rc
h
e
r
a
n
d
se
n
i
o
r
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
th
e
I
n
stit
u
te
o
f
Hi
g
h
Vo
lt
a
g
e
a
n
d
Hig
h
Cu
rre
n
t
in
th
e
F
a
c
u
l
ty
o
f
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e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
la
y
sia
f
o
r
1
3
y
e
a
rs.
S
h
e
f
in
ish
e
d
h
e
r
P
h
.
D.
i
n
2
0
0
9
a
t
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Ne
w
S
o
u
th
W
a
les
,
A
u
stra
li
a
.
S
h
e
h
a
d
e
a
rli
e
r
re
c
e
iv
e
d
a
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
e
lec
tro
n
ic
e
n
g
in
e
e
r
in
g
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
P
e
tr
o
n
a
s,
M
a
lay
sia
in
2
0
0
2
a
n
d
a
M
a
ste
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
lec
tri
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a
l
p
o
w
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n
g
in
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rin
g
f
ro
m
T
h
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Un
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e
rsit
y
o
f
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o
u
t
h
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u
stra
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a
in
2
0
0
6
.
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r
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
st
in
p
o
w
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r
s
y
ste
m
e
q
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ip
m
e
n
t
m
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it
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n
g
sta
rted
in
2
0
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,
a
n
d
t
h
e
m
a
in
to
p
ics
re
late
d
t
o
t
h
is i
n
tere
st are
in
su
latio
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d
iag
n
o
sis a
n
d
n
e
w
s
y
ste
m
s f
o
r
c
o
n
d
it
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n
m
o
n
it
o
ri
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g
.
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id
a
y
a
t
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a
i
n
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d
d
i
n
re
c
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iv
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d
h
is
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c
h
e
lo
r
o
f
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g
in
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rin
g
in
E
lec
tri
c
a
l
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
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rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
lay
sia
(U
T
M
)
in
2
0
0
3
.
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o
b
tai
n
e
d
h
is
M
S
c
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
w
it
h
Bu
sin
e
ss
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
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e
r
sit
y
o
f
S
trath
c
ly
d
e
,
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las
g
o
w
in
2
0
0
5
.
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e
re
c
e
i
v
e
d
h
is
P
h
D
d
e
g
re
e
a
t
t
h
e
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
S
o
u
th
a
m
p
to
n
,
Un
it
e
d
Kin
d
o
m
in
2
0
1
3
.
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h
a
s
b
e
e
n
a
s
a
c
a
d
e
m
i
c
sta
ff
o
f
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
(U
T
e
M
)
sin
c
e
2
0
0
3
a
n
d
a
t
p
re
se
n
t
is
th
e
se
n
io
r
lec
tu
re
r
in
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
t
th
e
u
n
iv
e
rsity
.
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is
th
e
L
a
b
He
a
d
f
o
r
th
e
Hig
h
Vo
lt
a
g
e
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Re
se
a
rc
h
L
a
b
o
ra
to
r
y
,
Un
iv
e
rsiti
Tek
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
si
a
M
e
lak
a
(UTe
M
).
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
HV
e
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
in
s
u
latio
n
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
m
o
n
it
o
ri
n
g
,
f
a
il
u
re
a
n
a
l
y
sis,
a
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
c
o
o
rd
i
n
a
ti
o
n
.
M
o
h
d
Aiz
a
m
T
a
li
b
h
a
s
o
v
e
r
1
9
y
e
a
rs
o
f
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
s
in
d
e
a
li
n
g
w
it
h
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
r
d
iag
n
o
stic,
c
o
n
d
i
ti
o
n
a
n
d
li
f
e
a
ss
e
s
s
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
fa
il
u
re
a
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
p
o
w
e
r
tran
sf
o
rm
e
r.
Af
ter
g
ra
d
u
a
ted
,
h
e
h
a
s
w
o
rk
e
d
w
it
h
A
BB
T
ra
n
s
m
issio
n
a
n
d
Distrib
u
ti
o
n
S
d
n
Bh
d
a
s
De
s
ig
n
En
g
in
e
e
r
a
n
d
i
n
1
9
9
8
;
h
e
h
a
s
jo
in
e
d
T
NB
Re
se
a
rc
h
S
d
n
Bh
d
a
s
Re
se
a
rc
h
En
g
in
e
e
r.
He
h
a
s
h
e
ld
se
v
e
ra
l
p
o
siti
o
n
s
w
it
h
T
NB
Re
se
a
rc
h
a
s
S
e
n
io
r
Re
se
a
r
c
h
e
r,
T
e
stin
g
En
g
in
e
e
r,
A
ss
istan
t
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
a
n
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
f
o
r
Hig
h
Vo
lt
a
g
e
T
e
stin
g
L
a
b
o
ra
to
ry
.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
h
o
ld
i
n
g
a
p
o
siti
o
n
a
s
T
e
c
h
n
ica
l
Ex
p
e
rt
(T
ra
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r)
w
it
h
T
NB
Re
se
a
rc
h
S
d
n
B
h
d
.
He
w
a
s
p
re
v
io
u
sl
y
a
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
M
a
la
y
sia
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
W
o
rk
in
g
G
ro
u
p
T
C
4
2
f
o
r
Hig
h
V
o
l
tag
e
T
e
stin
g
w
it
h
S
IRIM
a
n
d
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
c
ti
v
e
m
e
m
b
e
r
w
it
h
M
a
la
y
sia
n
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
m
m
it
tee
o
f
CI
G
RE,
WG
A
2
P
o
w
e
r
T
ra
n
s
fo
r
m
e
r.
He
h
a
s
p
u
b
li
sh
e
d
a
n
d
p
re
se
n
ted
tec
h
n
ica
l
p
a
p
e
rs
re
late
d
to
tran
sf
o
rm
e
r
d
iag
n
o
stic
a
n
d
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
a
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
a
t
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
i
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
j
o
u
r
n
a
l
a
n
d
c
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
s.
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