Indonesi
an
Journa
l
of El
ect
ri
cal Engineer
ing
an
d
Comp
ut
er
Scie
nce
Vo
l.
1
2
,
No.
1
,
Octo
be
r
201
8
,
pp.
69
~
77
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
, DO
I: 10
.11
591/
ijeecs
.
v
1
2
.i
1
.pp
69
-
77
69
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core.c
om/j
ourn
als/i
ndex.
ph
p/ij
eecs
ERP
Se
r
vice
f
or
Small
and
Me
dium
Enterpris
es
in
Saudi
A
rab
ia
Arif
B
rama
n
to
r
o
F
ac
ulty
of
Com
p
uti
ng
and
In
f
o
r
m
at
ion
T
e
chnol
og
y
in
Ra
b
igh
King
Abdula
zi
z
Uni
v
ersit
y
,
Jedd
ah,
Saud
i
A
r
a
bi
a
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
J
a
n
2
4
, 2
01
8
Re
vised
A
pr
3
0
, 2
01
8
Accepte
d
Ju
n
1
6
, 201
8
Thi
s
pap
er
ai
m
s
to
pre
sen
t
the
be
nef
it
s
of
ent
e
r
p
r
i
se
resourc
e
p
la
n
ning
(ERP)
se
r
vic
e
o
v
er
t
r
a
-
dit
ional
ERP
th
r
ough
the
d
e
v
el
op
m
ent
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
of
soft
w
ar
e
as
a
se
r
vic
e
.
Th
is
se
r
vi
ce
is
pu
b
li
shed
in
respons
e
to
th
e
f
act
tha
t
t
r
adi
ti
on
al
ERP
is
r
ar
ely
im
ple
m
ent
ed
in
sm
al
l
and
m
ed
ium
ent
e
r
p
r
ises
(SM
Es)
in
Saud
i
A
r
abi
a
due
to
th
e
h
igh
cost
and
r
isk
of
implement
at
ion
f
ai
lur
e
.
Th
i
s
pape
r
c
an
be
used
to
en
co
u
r
age
SM
Es
in
Saudi
A
r
abi
a
to
e
xp
loi
t
ERP
se
r
vic
e
.
ERP
se
r
vic
e
can
be
ac
c
essed
b
y
clie
nt
vi
a
a
n
y
pro
gr
amm
ing
int
er
f
a
ce
o
v
er
an
Inte
r
net
conn
ec
t
ion
wi
thout
spe
c
ia
l
conf
igu
r
a
ti
on
,
thus
h
ighl
igh
ting
th
e
cor
e
compete
nc
ie
s
of
the
SME
s
.
As
a
pr
o
v
e
of
co
nce
pt
,
th
e
sto
c
k
se
r
vic
e
is
pu
b
li
shed
as
a
co
ncr
ete
ERP
se
r
vi
c
e
.
T
w
o
t
y
pes
of
appl
i
ca
t
ion
w
ere
d
e
v
e
lope
d
to
a
ccess
th
e
se
r
vic
e
:
desktop
an
d
sm
a
r
tphone
ba
sed
app
li
c
ation.
Based
on
a
sim
ple
qual
i
ta
t
i
v
e
assess
m
ent
,
it
is
a
c
kn
o
wl
edge
d
that
ER
P
se
r
vic
e
is
ad
v
an
ta
geous
o
v
er
t
r
ad
it
ion
al
E
RP
sy
st
ems
in
te
r
ms
of
its
sca
l
abi
lit
y
,
agi
l
e
implementa
t
ion,
glob
al
a
cc
essibi
li
t
y
,
m
obil
it
y
,
l
o
w
ope
r
at
ion
al
c
ost
s
,
la
c
k
of
upfront
cost
s
,
be
st
p
r
ac
tice
s
,
r
apid
up
gr
adi
ng
,
and
int
ero
p
e
r
ability
among
other
se
r
vic
e
s
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
Se
r
vice
Syst
em
Ente
r
p
r
ise
Re
so
urce
Pla
nn
i
ng
Sm
a
ll
and
Me
di
um
Ente
r
p
r
ise
s
Copyright
©
201
8
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Ar
if
Bramanto
r
o
,
F
acult
y
of
C
om
pu
ti
ng
an
d
In
f
o
r
m
ation
T
ec
hnol
og
y
in
Rabi
gh
,
King
A
bdulazi
z
Uni
v
e
rsit
y
,
Jed
dah,
Sa
udi
A
r
abia
Em
a
il
:
as
oeg
i
h
ad@kau
.ed
u.sa
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
The
increa
sin
gl
y
r
apid
ad
v
a
nc
e
m
ent
of
te
ch
no
l
og
y
cha
nge
s
daily
li
f
e
.
A
ccordin
gl
y
,
the
b
us
i
ness
e
n
vir
on
m
ent
is
al
so
s
hiftin
g.
The
ge
ne
r
at
io
n
of
gl
ob
al
ly
c
om
pet
it
i
v
e
te
chn
ol
og
y
is
c
r
uci
al
in
the
c
on
ti
n
ue
d
g
r
o
wth
of
a
n
y
b
us
iness
e
s
.
In
the
ma
r
k
et
,
org
anizat
ion
s
m
us
t
b
uild
cl
os
e
ti
e
s
with
cust
om
e
rs
an
d
deli
v
er
high
-
qu
al
it
y
se
r
vices
or
products
in
t
he
ea
r
li
est
possi
b
le
tim
e
w
o
r
ld
wid
e
.
H
enc
e
,
ente
r
p
r
is
es
sho
uld
seek
to
increase
pr
of
it
an
d
to
ad
apt
their
se
r
vices
f
or
the
la
te
st
te
ch
nolo
g
y
.
It
is
i
m
po
r
ta
nt
to
unde
rstan
d
the
m
echan
ism
s
th
at
ente
r
p
r
ise
s
us
e
to
a
dap
t
to
t
he
ch
an
ges
in
te
ch
nolo
gy
an
d
rem
ai
n
com
petit
i
v
e
in
thei
r
indust
r
ie
s
.
T
o
a
da
pt
the
products
an
d
se
r
vices
to
t
he
la
te
st
te
chnolo
g
y
,
ente
r
p
r
ise
s
m
us
t
sig
nifica
ntly
al
te
r
thei
r
le
gacy
syst
em
s
,
i
nf
r
ast
r
uctu
r
e
,
to
ols
a
nd
the
oth
e
r
re
qu
irem
ents
of
b
us
ines
s
proce
ss
[
1].
As
m
ai
n
b
us
in
ess
act
ivit
ie
s
of
an
ente
r
p
r
is
e
,
the
inte
gr
at
io
n
de
m
and
is
the
co
r
ne
rstone
of
e
nt
e
r
p
r
ise
r
eso
ur
ce
pla
nn
i
ng
(E
RP)
syst
e
m
s
.
ERP
is
a
s
of
t
w
a
re
a
pp
li
cat
io
n
th
at
inte
gr
at
es
t
he
b
us
iness
pr
ocess
with
the
b
us
i
ne
ss
unit
s
of
la
r
g
e
,
m
edium
,
and
sm
al
l
or
ga
nizat
ion
s
[
2].
This
pa
per
f
oc
us
on
sm
all
an
d
m
ediu
m
-
si
z
ed
ente
r
p
r
ise
s
(
SMEs)
in
Saud
i
A
r
a
bia,
wher
e
ei
ther
on
-
pr
em
ise
or
on
-
s
it
e
ERP
so
ft
w
a
re
is
instal
le
d
on
t
he
c
om
pu
te
rs
to
set
up
i
ns
id
e
the
b
uild
-
ing
of
t
he
orga
nizat
i
on
r
at
her
tha
n
on
t
he
c
om
pu
te
rs
of
a
rem
ote
f
aci
l
it
y
throu
gh
se
r
vice
syst
e
m
on
the
I
nte
r
net.
Se
r
vice
syst
em
is
a
necessa
r
y
a
nd
reli
a
b
le
deli
v
e
r
y
m
od
el
f
or
b
usi
ness
a
ppli
cat
ion.
It
is
ba
sed
on
s
of
t
w
ar
e
as
a
se
r
vice
(S
aa
S)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vol
.
1
2
, N
o.
1
,
Oct
o
ber
201
8
:
69
–
77
70
te
chnolo
gy
whic
h
el
im
inate
s
s
e
v
e
r
al
bar
r
ie
rs
that
pr
e
v
e
nt
com
pan
ie
s
from
i
m
ple
m
ent
ing
or
up
gr
a
di
ng
so
ft
w
ar
e
.
Se
r
vice
syst
e
m
p
r
im
a
r
ily
al
l
o
ws
ent
e
r
p
r
ise
s
t
o
concent
r
at
e
on
thei
r
co
re
b
usi
ness
ope
r
at
ion
s
i
ns
te
a
d
of
m
anag
in
g
IT
requirem
ent
s
.
S
e
v
e
r
al
t
he
or
et
ic
al
w
o
r
ks
h
a
v
e
been
pr
opose
d
to
e
xam
ine
the
im
ple
m
ent
at
ion
of
sta
te
of
the
a
r
t
te
chnolo
g
y
,
s
uc
h
as
cl
ou
d
te
chnolo
gy
as
pro
po
se
d
b
y
[
3]
an
d
a
sp
ec
ific
im
ple
m
entat
ion
i
n
aca
de
m
ic
e
n
vir
on
m
ent
in
[4
]
.
H
o
w
e
v
e
r
,
the
cu
rr
e
nt
stu
dies
la
c
k
of
p
r
a
ct
ic
al
app
r
oach.
In
t
his
pa
pe
r
,
ERP
is
deli
v
e
r
ed
in
the
f
o
r
m
of
a
se
r
vic
e
.
T
o
ta
c
kle
t
he
ERP
d
e
v
el
opm
ent
issue
s
,
t
his
se
r
vi
ce
su
ggest
s
a
s
et
of
best
p
r
act
ic
e
s
,
so
that
the
ente
r
p
r
ise
in
Sa
ud
i
A
r
a
bia
is
a
b
le
to
e
v
al
uate
their
decisi
on
to
im
plem
ent
ER
P
.
More
o
v
e
r
,
this
w
o
r
k
ena
b
le
s
SMEs
in
Sa
ud
i
A
r
a
bia
to
o
v
e
rc
om
e t
he
disa
d
v
anta
ge
s
of
t
r
aditi
ona
l
ERP
syst
em
s
in
p
r
act
ic
al
w
a
y
.
Ente
r
p
r
ise
can
secur
el
y
e
xte
nd
their
se
r
vi
ces
globall
y
with
le
ss
rest
r
ic
ti
on
s
th
rou
gh
se
r
-
vic
e
syst
e
m
.
Se
r
vic
e
syst
e
m
re
f
ers
to
the
m
od
el
ing
of
se
r
vice
a
nd
inf
r
ast
r
uctu
re
deli
v
e
r
y
to
cus
-
tom
er
s
.
It
is
ben
e
fici
al
f
or
e
nte
r
p
r
ise
s
due
to
its
l
o
w
upf
r
on
t
c
os
t
s
,
ope
r
at
ion
al
e
xp
e
nse
s
,
agil
e
, fl
e
xi
b
le
an
d
ada
pta
b
le
to
the
us
e
of
ad
v
anced
te
ch
nol
og
y
.
With
se
r
vice
o
r
ie
nte
d
appr
oach,
ente
r
-
p
r
ise
s
ca
n
purc
hase
cl
ou
d
a
nd
inf
r
ast
r
uctur
e
se
r
vices
ba
sed
on
t
he
nee
d
to
reduce
i
n
v
est
m
ents
on
inf
r
a
st
r
uctur
e
.
E
nte
r
p
r
ise
s
can
re
quest
these
se
r
vices
f
ro
m
se
r
vice
pr
o
vid
e
r
s
.
T
hese
pr
o
vid
e
rs
h
a
v
e
com
pu
te
r
res
ources
a
nd
relat
ed
inf
r
ast
r
uctu
res
on
sit
e
.
ERP
se
r
vice
syst
em
is
ap
pro
p
r
ia
te
f
or
SMEs
m
ai
nly
becau
se
it
re
du
ce
s
upf
r
on
t
c
os
ts
as
al
so
ar
gue
d
b
y
[
5].
ERP
syst
em
is
a
set
of
b
us
in
es
s
ap
plica
ti
on
s
or
m
odules
that
i
nte
gr
at
es
v
a
r
i
ous
b
us
i
ness
pro
cess
unit
s
of
an
e
nte
r
p
r
is
e
,
su
c
h
as
the
fina
ncial
,
hum
an
res
ource
s
,
i
n
v
e
nto
r
y
,
purc
hasin
g,
a
nd
ma
n
u
f
act
u
r
in
g
unit
s
.
ERP
syst
em
s
are
im
po
r
ta
nt
app
li
cat
io
ns
in
in
f
o
r
m
at
ion
s
yst
e
m
s
and
ac
countin
g.
Ma
n
y
Saudi
A
r
a
bi
an
com
pan
ie
s
h
a
v
e
ad
op
te
d
ERP
syst
e
m
s
or
si
m
il
ar
inte
gr
at
ed
syst
em
s
to
re
du
ce
ope
r
at
iona
l
cost,
to
en
ha
nce
com
petit
i
v
enes
s
,
and
to
ada
pt
to
the
c
halle
nges o
f
a
dis
r
upti
v
e
b
us
ine
ss
e
n
vi
ronm
ent
su
ch
as
in
[
6].
Re
sea
rc
h
on
hoste
d,
on
-
pr
em
is
e
,
and
se
r
vice
o
r
ie
nted
ERPs
has
g
r
o
wn
e
xp
on
e
ntia
ll
y
o
v
er
t
he
pa
st
deca
d
e
.
In
the
pr
ese
nt
stu
d
y
,
the
ERP
syst
e
m
s
are
div
i
de
d
into
t
w
o
m
ai
n
cat
eg
o
r
ie
s:
t
r
a
diti
on
al
a
nd
se
r
vice
o
r
ie
nted
ERP
syst
em
s
.
The
t
r
aditi
onal
ERP
syst
e
m
is
disti
ng
uish
e
d
as
hoste
d
a
nd
on
-
prem
ise
so
luti
on
s
.
In
t
his
pap
e
r
,
the
re
is
a
nee
d
to
i
n
v
e
sti
gate
the
ad
v
antages
of
se
r
vice
o
r
ie
nted
ERP
syst
em
s
o
v
er
t
r
aditi
onal
ERP
syst
e
m
s
,
su
ch
as
siz
a
b
le
co
st
s
a
vi
ng
s
a
nd
the
e
nh
a
ncem
ent
of
c
om
petiti
v
e
ad
v
a
ntag
e
.
Th
e
disad
v
a
ntage
s
a
r
e
pr
ese
nted
in
t
his
pa
per
as
w
el
l.
The
resp
ect
i
v
e
ad
v
anta
ges
a
nd
disad
v
a
ntage
s
of
se
r
vice
o
r
i
ented
ERP
o
v
er
on
-
pr
em
ise
s
are
cl
assifi
ed
i
nto
be
nef
it
s
,
cost
s
,
li
m
it
a
ti
on
s
,
a
nd
r
isk
s
.
T
his
i
n
v
es
ti
gation
ai
m
s
to
cl
a
r
ify
the
st
r
uc
ture
of
d
r
i
v
e
rs
f
or
c
os
t
s
a
ving
t
hat
are
e
na
b
le
d
b
y
se
r
vice
o
r
ie
nte
d
ER
P
.
2.
E
RP
Se
r
vi
ce
Metho
do
l
ogy
ERP
is
a
soft
w
are
that
i
nte
gr
a
te
s
an
d
sta
nda
r
di
z
es
the
b
us
i
ne
ss
processe
s
of
an
enter
p
r
ise
to
i
ncr
ease
its
pr
od
uctivit
y
and
fl
e
xi
bili
t
y
,
thu
s
reducin
g
cost.
M
os
t
Sa
udi
A
r
a
bian
c
om
pan
ie
s
i
m
plem
ent
ERP
syst
e
m
s
as
a
b
us
ines
s
re
qu
i
rem
ent.
H
o
w
e
v
e
r
,
ERP
im
plem
entat
ion
b
y
SMEs
f
aces
ma
n
y
pro
b
le
m
s
,
su
c
h
as
ha
rd
w
ar
e
,
the
spa
ce
f
or
data
ce
nte
r
,
s
of
t
w
a
re
m
ai
ntenan
c
e
,
a
nd
a
lo
ng
an
d
c
om
pl
e
x
i
m
ple
mentat
ion
pe
r
iod
[
7].
Dep
e
ndin
g
on
the
si
z
e
of
co
m
pan
ie
s
an
d
t
arg
et
a
rea
of
the
com
pa
n
y
,
i
m
ple
m
enting
E
RP
syst
em
ta
k
es
on
a
v
e
r
a
ge
three
to
six
m
on
th
s
,
wh
il
e
real
t
r
a
ns
f
o
r
m
ation
of
the
le
ga
cy
syst
em
to
the
ERP
s
yst
e
m
m
a
y
ta
k
e
f
ro
m
one
to
th
ree
y
e
ars
[
5].
I
n
ad
di
ti
on
,
the
desig
n
an
d
d
e
v
el
opm
ent
of
an
ER
P
syst
e
m
are
su
bj
ect
to
a
n
um
ber
of
r
is
ks
[8
]
.
F
or
e
xam
pl
e
,
long
a
nd
c
om
pl
e
x
im
plem
entat
ion
proces
s
m
a
y
cause
un
e
xpect
ed
resu
lt
s
in
t
he
E
RP
syst
e
m
includi
ng
s
ecu
r
ity
r
is
ks
s
uch
as
fl
a
w
s
,
er
rors
a
nd
se
g
r
egati
on
of
duty
co
nfl
ic
t
s
.
The
te
r
m
of
se
r
vices
com
puti
ng
is
c
oin
e
d
b
y
[9]
w
hich
pro
g
resses
r
a
pi
dly
f
ast
gi
v
en
it
s
m
a
n
y
ad
v
anta
ges
o
v
er
t
r
aditi
onal
c
om
pu
ti
ng
,
s
uch
as
reduce
d
upfro
nt
and
ope
r
atio
nal
cost
s
,
qui
c
k
dep
l
o
ym
ent,
read
y
scal
abili
t
y
,
on
-
dem
and
se
r
vic
e
,
an
d
global
a
ccessi
bili
t
y
.
A
n
e
w
m
et
ho
dol
og
y
has
been
pro
posed
to
c
ombine
se
r
vice
o
r
ie
nted
arc
hitec
ture
and
se
r
vice
en
gin
ee
r
ing
f
r
am
e
w
o
r
k
in
[10].
T
he
a
uthors
us
e
ERP
as
a
case
stud
y
in
th
ei
r
assessm
ent.
Se
r
vice
syst
em
[11]
i
s
,
on
the
ot
her
hand,
inc
o
r
po
r
at
ing
se
r
vice
o
r
ie
nte
d
arch
it
ect
ure
ad
op
te
d
f
ro
m
se
r
vices
com
pu
ti
ng
t
o
in
f
o
r
m
ati
on
syst
em
s
,
to
m
a
k
e
the
syst
em
m
or
e
intel
lig
en
t
(not
on
ly
d
r
i
v
en
b
y
b
us
ines
s
si
m
ulati
on
an
d
syst
e
m
optim
i
zat
ion
)
.
T
hese
be
nef
it
s
m
a
y
offset
s
om
e
of
the
r
is
ks
an
d
c
hall
eng
e
s
f
ace
d
b
y
Saudi
A
r
abia
n
SMEs
with
res
pect
to
the
ERP
syst
em
.
Desp
it
e
the
be
nef
it
s
of
se
r
vice
syst
e
m
,
the
us
e
of
E
RP
se
r
vices
b
y
Sa
ud
i
A
r
a
bi
an
ente
r
p
r
ise
s
is
li
m
it
ed
b
y
t
he
issue
s
of
t
r
us
t,
p
r
i
v
ac
y
, s
ec
u
r
it
y
,
com
plica
te
d
i
m
ple
m
entat
io
n
pr
ocesse
s
,
an
d
la
c
k
of
ERP
se
r
vice
pr
o
vi
der
s
.
The
best
w
a
y
to
a
dopt
se
r
vice
syst
e
m
m
et
ho
do
l
og
y
is
b
y
e
xplo
r
ing
its
f
eat
ur
es
an
d
f
r
am
e
-
w
o
r
k
as
il
lust
r
at
ed
in
Figure
1.
Si
nce
se
r
vice
syst
em
e
xists
on
t
op
of
pr
e
vi
ou
s
f
r
am
e
w
o
r
k,
its
l
a
y
er
ca
n
div
i
ded
into
three:
se
r
vice
m
anag
em
ent,
se
r
vice
orc
hest
r
at
ion
a
nd
c
hor
eo
gr
ap
h
y
,
an
d
ser
-
vice
o
r
ie
nt
ed
basic
f
unct
ion
s
.
The
f
e
at
ur
e
of
se
r
vice
syst
em
can
en
ha
nce
th
rou
gh
al
l
these
l
a
y
er
s
.
So
m
e
of
the
f
eat
ures
are
non
t
r
i
vial
f
or
d
e
v
el
opin
g
ERP
se
r
vice
in
S
aud
i
A
r
abia
,
s
uch
as:
plat
-
f
o
r
m
inde
pende
nc
e
,
autonom
ou
s
,
sel
f
c
onta
in
ed
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
ERP
Se
r
vi
ce
fo
r Sma
ll
and M
ediu
m
E
nterp
rises i
n S
audi Ar
ab
i
a
(A
r
if
B
r
aman
tor
o
)
71
reu
sa
bili
t
y
,
heteroge
neou
s
,
and
lo
os
el
y
co
up
l
ed.
He
nc
e
,
t
his
stu
dy
presen
ts
n
e
w
te
ch
no
log
y
that
ai
m
s
to
address
the
c
once
r
ns
of
SM
E
s
.
It
dis
-
pl
a
ys
the
sim
plicit
y
,
ben
efit
s
,
scal
abili
t
y
,
and
l
o
w
ent
r
y
co
st
of
the
ERP
syst
e
m
.
It
is
al
so
r
a
pid
ly
dep
l
o
y
ed
,
easi
ly
scal
e
d,
ope
r
a
te
d
on
-
dem
and,
an
d
is
not
rest
r
ic
te
d
b
y
locat
io
n
as
it
inte
gr
at
es
se
r
vice
syst
e
m
with
ERP
syst
e
m
s
.
By
e
m
p
o
w
e
r
ing
ERP
in
the
se
r
vice
o
r
ie
nte
d
e
n
vi
ron
m
ent
[12], this
c
om
bin
at
ion
syst
em
cat
ers
f
or
Sa
udi
A
r
a
bian
SME
s
.
Figure
1.
Se
r
vi
ce
syst
e
m
m
et
h
odology
f
or
d
e
v
el
opin
g
ERP
se
r
vice
in
Sa
ud
i
A
r
a
bia
In
detai
l,
t
here
ar
e
three
m
et
hodo
l
og
ic
al
con
t
r
i
b
utio
ns
of
this
pa
pe
r
.
Fi
rst,
this
pa
per
m
ai
nly
aim
s
to
m
erge
ERP
ca
pab
i
li
ty
with
the
ben
e
fits
of
se
r
vice
syst
em
to
reduce
i
n
v
estm
ent
cost
and
i
m
ple
m
entat
io
n
del
a
ys
f
or
S
aud
i
A
r
a
bian
SMEs
with
li
m
it
ed
b
udge
t
s
.
This
d
e
v
el
oped
syst
e
m
can
be
acce
ssed
via
a
com
m
on
inte
r
f
ace
o
v
er
an
I
nte
r
net
c
onnec
ti
on
.
T
hu
s
,
ac
cess
is
ha
rd
ly
dep
e
ndent
on
c
li
ent
config
u
r
at
io
n.
Seco
nd,
this
pa
per
e
v
al
ua
te
s
ERP
syst
e
m
s
in
ge
ne
r
al
be
f
ore
a
nd
a
fter
s
hiftin
g
to
se
r
vi
ce
syst
e
m
throu
gh
basic
qual
it
at
i
v
e
resea
rc
h.
Ther
e
f
or
e
,
t
his
pa
per
is
a
b
le
to
def
i
ne
t
he
ad
v
a
ntages
an
d
disad
v
a
ntages
of
s
hiftin
g
ERP
to
se
r
vice
s
yst
e
m
.
Third,
t
his
pa
per
e
nc
ou
r
a
ges
SME
s
in
Saudi
A
r
abi
a
to
app
ly
f
or
ERP
se
r
vice
b
y
d
e
v
el
opin
g
a
r
a
pi
dly
dep
l
o
y
a
b
le
an
d
im
ple
menta
b
le
s
olu
ti
on.
T
he
m
ini
m
al
requirem
ent
i
n
v
ol
v
es
re
giste
r
ing
thr
ough
the
sit
e
.
Cl
ie
nts
a
re
hesita
nt
to
mi
gr
at
e
to
se
r
vi
ce
syst
em
becau
s
e
of
t
he
r
is
k
of
data
los
s
.
T
hu
s
,
ERP
se
r
vice
pr
e
v
e
nts
data
l
os
s
to
cl
ie
nts
b
y
al
l
o
wing
the
d
o
w
nl
oad
of
da
ta
in
m
u
lt
iple
f
o
r
m
a
t
s
.
It
is
al
so
not
e
w
o
r
t
h
y
that,
to
our
kn
o
wled
g
e
,
ERP
se
r
vice
sh
ould
be
pr
o
vid
e
d
withi
n
S
aud
i
A
r
a
bia
in
orde
r
to
e
nhance
the
t
r
ust
of
SMEs
in
Saudi
A
r
a
bi
a
in
ER
P
.
He
nc
e
,
this
pap
e
r
en
a
b
le
s
the
se
r
vice
us
ers
to
deal
di
rectl
y
with
se
r
vice
pr
o
vid
e
rs
in
the
sam
e
count
r
y
.
3.
E
RP
Se
r
vi
ce
M
od
el
li
ng
Althou
gh
t
he
se
r
vice
syst
em
is
t
he
c
hose
n
m
et
hodo
l
og
y
f
or
this
rese
arc
h,
t
he
desi
gn
of
th
e
syst
e
m
sti
ll
req
uires
c
o
n
v
entio
nal
a
ppr
oac
h
in
syst
em
do
cum
entat
i
on.
T
his
is
bec
ause
t
her
e
is
not
en
ough
ad
v
ance
in
the
se
r
vice
s
yst
e
m
m
od
el
l
i
ng
[13].
T
he
re
are
s
e
v
e
r
al
dia
gr
am
s
that
are
pro
po
se
d
i
n
t
his
w
o
r
k
to
re
pr
e
sent
ERP
se
r
vic
e
,
su
ch
as
us
e
cas
e
,
cl
as
s
,
sta
t
e
,
seq
uen
c
e
,
c
ollabo
r
at
ion
a
nd
a
bs
t
r
act
ion
dia
gr
am
s
.
D
ue
to
the
lim
it
at
ion
of
the
pag
e
,
only
one
e
xam
ple
of
us
e
case
dia
gr
am
is
i
ll
us
t
r
ated
in
Fig
ur
e
2
wh
ic
h
e
xpla
ins
the
best
p
r
act
ic
e
in
sto
c
k
m
od
ul
e
as
a
con
c
rete
se
r
vice
of
ER
P
se
r
vic
e
.
In
this
se
r
vic
e
,
the
re
are
t
hr
ee
se
r
vice
us
ers
who
ar
e
gr
ante
d
a se
r
vice
acce
ss
to
t
he
sto
c
k
se
r
vic
e
.
Th
e
y
are
em
pl
o
y
e
e
,
store
k
ee
pe
r
a
nd
s
upplie
r
.
An
e
xam
ple
of
cl
ass
dia
gr
am
to
m
od
el
se
r
vice
instances
as
a
colle
ct
ion
of
sta
ti
c
el
e
m
ent
s
an
d
t
he
relat
ion
s
hip
s
be
t
w
een
se
r
vic
e
in
sta
nces
co
nn
ect
e
d
as
a
gr
ap
h
is
il
lust
r
at
ed
in
Fig
ure
3.
Th
e
se
r
vice
instances
are
desig
ne
d
base
d
on
the
ob
j
ec
ts
com
m
on
ly
us
e
d
b
y
c
omm
ercial
ERP
s
.
An
e
xam
ple
of
sta
te
dia
gr
am
to
m
od
el
t
he
seq
ue
nc
e
of
sta
te
s
th
at
a
se
r
vice
i
nst
ance
goes
t
hroug
h
du
r
i
ng
se
r
vice
li
f
e
cy
cl
e
in
respo
ns
e
to
e
xt
e
r
nal
i
nte
r
act
io
n
an
d
m
essage
is
sh
o
wn
in
Fig
ur
e
4.
T
his
sta
t
e
dia
gr
am
f
or
E
RP
se
r
vice
is
non
t
r
ivial
ta
s
k
si
nc
e
it
il
lust
r
at
es
the
b
us
ine
ss
w
o
r
kfl
o
w
of
ER
P
se
r
vic
e
.
T
hi
s
desi
gn
is
sti
ll
in
an
ea
r
ly
st
ag
e
,
there
f
or
e
,
it
ca
n
be
us
e
d
as
an
”a
s
-
is”
se
r
vi
ce
w
o
r
kfl
o
w
.
On
ce
it
reac
he
s
its
m
at
u
r
it
y
,
this
dia
gr
am
can
be
e
xten
ded
to
a
”t
o
-
be”
se
r
vice
w
o
r
kfl
o
w
.
An
e
xam
ple
of
se
qu
e
nce
dia
gr
a
m
of
sto
c
k
m
od
ule
in
ERP
se
r
vic
e
is
sh
o
wn
i
n
Fi
gure
5.
This
di
a
gr
am
is
an
ea
sy
an
d
int
uiti
v
e
w
a
y
of
desc
r
ibing
the
be
h
a
vior
of
ERP
se
r
vice
b
y
vi
e
wing
the
se
r
vice
inte
r
act
ion
bet
w
ee
n
the
se
r
vice
a
nd
its
e
n
vir
on
m
ent.
On
e
of
t
he
p
r
im
e
f
eat
ur
e
in
se
r
vice
syst
e
m
is
its
su
pp
o
r
t
to
c
ollabo
r
at
ion.
Ba
sed
on
t
he
phil
osop
h
y
of
t
he
s
e
r
vice
sci
e
nc
e
,
the
c
ollabo
r
at
io
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vol
.
1
2
, N
o.
1
,
Oct
o
ber
201
8
:
69
–
77
72
dia
gr
am
is
util
i
z
ed
to
stream
lin
e
a
set
of
se
r
vi
ces
relat
ed
to
a
pa
r
ti
c
ular
c
ont
e
xt
a
nd
inte
r
act
ion
.
It
is
a
s
et
of
e
xch
a
nges
am
on
g
t
he
se
r
vices
within
the
coll
abo
r
at
ion
to
ac
hi
e
v
e
t
he
de
sir
ed
outc
om
e
.
A
pa
r
ti
al
e
xam
ple
of
colla
bo
r
at
ion
dia
gr
am
of
ERP
se
r
vice
is
sh
o
wn
in
Fig
ure
6.
Figure
2.
Use
c
ase
dia
gr
am
f
or
sto
c
k
se
r
vice
Figure
3.
Cl
ass
dia
gr
am
f
or
sto
c
k
se
r
vice
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
ERP
Se
r
vi
ce
fo
r Sma
ll
and M
ediu
m
E
nterp
rises i
n S
audi Ar
ab
i
a
(A
r
if
B
r
aman
tor
o
)
73
Figure
4.
Stat
e
dia
gr
am
f
or
st
o
c
k
se
r
vice
Figure
5.
Sequ
ence
dia
gr
am
f
or
st
o
c
k
se
r
vic
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vol
.
1
2
, N
o.
1
,
Oct
o
ber
201
8
:
69
–
77
74
Figure
6.
C
ollabo
r
at
ion
dia
gr
am
f
or
sto
c
k
se
r
vice
4.
The
a
d
v
ant
a
g
e
of
ERP
Se
r
vice
The
dem
and
f
or
ERP
syst
em
s
base
d
on
se
r
vi
ce
syst
em
so
luti
on
s
is
cl
os
el
y
associat
ed wit
h
an
ef
f
o
r
t
to
im
pr
o
v
e
the
b
us
ines
s
v
al
ue
of
IT
i
n
v
est
m
ent
s
.
Accor
di
ng
l
y
,
SaaS
is
a
deli
v
e
r
y
m
odel
that
ena
b
le
s
end
-
us
er
or
gan
iz
at
ion
s
to
us
e
a
ppli
cat
ion
s
of
t
w
a
re
on
dem
and
or
as
require
d
thr
ough
In
te
r
net
-
based
se
r
vi
ce
s
.
SMEs
in
Sa
ud
i
A
r
a
bia
are
will
ing
to
im
ple
m
ent
ERP
a
ppli
cat
ion
s
t
o
a
utom
at
e
their
b
us
i
ness
processe
s
,
b
ut
th
e
y
are
const
r
ai
ned
b
y
high
costs
a
nd
r
isk
s
of
the
im
-
plem
e
ntati
on
.
The
propose
d
com
bina
ti
on
of
ERP
with
the
SaaS
m
od
e
l
is
a
via
b
le
op
t
ion
f
or
these
organ
iz
at
io
ns
be
cause
th
e
y
nee
d
to
i
n
v
est
le
s
s
.
Mo
re
o
v
e
r
,
th
e
y
m
ini
m
i
z
e
r
isks
with
the
op
ti
on
to
sto
p
us
i
ng
it
at
a
n
y
tim
e
.
Un
li
k
e
oth
er
on
-
pr
em
ise
ERP
syst
em
s
that
require
instal
la
ti
on
,
ERP
se
r
vice
pr
e
sente
d
in
this
st
ud
y
does
not
require
s
e
v
e
r
al
m
on
ths
f
or
de
pl
o
ym
ent.
T
he
app
li
cat
io
n
is
utili
z
ed
b
y
cl
ie
nt
s
in
s
e
v
e
r
al
mi
n
utes
b
y
re
giste
r
ing
their
c
ompa
n
y
an
d
se
r
vi
ce
us
e
r
pro
file
s
.
ERP
se
r
vice
is
not
li
m
it
ed
to
a
sin
gle
com
pu
te
r
or
net
w
o
r
k.
I
n
f
act
,
se
r
vice
us
er
s
ca
n
acce
ss
the
app
li
cat
io
n
fro
m
a
n
ywher
e
at
a
n
y
ti
m
e
and
obta
in
t
he
sam
e
in
f
o
r
m
at
ion
.
T
hu
s
,
re
-
m
ote
e
m
pl
o
y
ees
can
s
ti
ll
sh
are
w
o
r
k
an
d
id
eas
a
nd
d
o
w
nlo
a
d
t
he
sam
e
b
us
i
ness
repo
r
t
s
.
This
se
r
vic
e
is
ad
v
a
ntag
e
ou
s
f
or
ente
r
p
r
ise
s
b
y
acce
ssi
ng
the
syst
em
in
on
ly
t
w
o
ste
p
s
,
prof
il
e
a
nd
se
r
vice
us
er
creati
on.
Se
r
vice
use
rs
ca
n
la
un
c
h
the
syst
e
m
witho
ut
a
n
y
inte
r
v
e
ntion
f
ro
m
se
r
vice
adm
inist
r
at
o
r
.
A
pr
e
vi
ous
s
tud
y
on
a
v
ai
la
b
le
ERP
syst
em
s
repo
r
te
d
t
hat
us
ers
init
ia
ll
y
request
to
la
unch
t
he
syst
e
m
.
A
res
ponse
is
t
hen
ge
ne
r
at
ed
base
d
on
use
r
sit
uation.
H
o
w
e
v
e
r
,
t
his
res
pons
e
ta
k
e
m
on
th
s
.
The
re
f
or
e
,
the
c
us
tom
er
m
a
y
opt
to
patr
on
i
z
e
a
nother
pr
o
vid
e
r
or
l
ose
interest
in
im
ple
m
enting
the
syst
em
.
With
ERP
se
r
vic
e
,
se
r
vice
us
e
r
s
ca
n
a
ct
i
v
at
e
the
m
ob
il
e
v
ersi
on
us
in
g
m
ob
il
e
d
e
vices
outsi
de
the
w
o
r
kpla
ce
with
ou
t
r
eq
ui
r
i
ng
soft
w
ar
e
instal
la
ti
on
.
Th
e
data
rem
ai
n
secur
e
e
v
en
if
the
us
e
r
d
e
vice
is
lost
or
stole
n.
Hen
c
e
,
it
sig
nificantl
y
re
du
ces
the
possibi
li
t
y
of
b
us
iness
i
nter
r
upti
on
as
a
resu
lt
of
ha
rd
w
are
or
soft
w
a
re
issue
s
.
ERP
se
r
vice
is
a
v
e
r
y
la
rg
e
,
com
pl
e
x,
and
m
ultili
ng
ua
l
ERP
se
r
vice
app
li
cat
io
n
that
is
b
uilt
b
y
us
in
g
se
r
vice
syst
e
m
d
e
v
el
opm
ent
to
ol.
T
o
i
ncr
e
ase
cl
ie
nt
t
r
us
t,
a
f
eat
ur
e
to
al
l
o
w
the
cl
ie
nts
to
d
o
wn
l
oa
d
the
da
ta
is
inc
o
r
po
r
at
ed.
T
he
data
ar
e
in
heteroge
ne
ou
s
f
o
r
m
at
s
,
su
c
h
a
s CS
V
,
HTML,
XL
S
,
PD
F
,
a
nd
R
TF; i
n
orde
r
to
m
it
igate
the
r
isk
of
data
l
os
s
.
ERP
se
r
vice
sy
stem
ope
r
at
es
f
ro
m
within
the
database
w
hich
al
l
o
ws
the
a
ppli
cat
ion
s
to
scal
e
to
m
eet
the
la
rg
est
us
e
r
com
m
un
it
ie
s
.
W
o
r
ld
wide
com
pan
ie
s
a
re
b
uildin
g
ro
b
ust
int
r
anet
an
d
inte
r
net
to
del
i
v
er
app
li
cat
io
n
s
.
T
hu
s
,
ap
plica
ti
ons
of
ERP
se
r
vi
ce
can
be
scal
ed
to
sat
isfy
t
he
high
dem
and
s
of
cl
ie
nt
s
.
The
app
li
cat
io
ns
of
ERP
se
r
vice
syst
e
m
are
s
tren
gth
e
ned
th
rou
gh
the
c
om
bin
ing
sec
u
r
i
ty
f
eat
ur
e
s
,
su
c
h
as
authen
ti
catio
n
and
autho
r
izati
on
sche
m
es;
an
d
sessi
on
-
sta
te
protect
ion
se
r
vic
e
.
Hen
c
e
,
ER
P
se
r
vice
us
e
rs
can
con
ce
nt
r
at
e
on
m
eet
ing
b
us
i
ness
obj
ect
i
v
e
s
.
ERP
se
r
vic
e
sup
po
r
ts
m
ulti
ple
secu
r
ity
m
od
el
s
,
su
c
h
as
li
gh
t
w
ei
ght
di
r
ect
o
r
y
acce
ss
se
r
vice
pro
-
t
oc
ol
a
nd
si
ng
le
sign
-
on
se
r
vic
e
,
thr
ough
the
c
urren
t
databas
e
,
us
er
cred
e
ntial
s
,
or
custom
i
z
ed
secu
r
it
y
.
ERP
se
r
vice
is
de
pl
o
y
ed
as
a
sec
ur
e
se
r
vice
de
pl
o
ym
ent
too
l
f
or
a
n
y
oth
e
r
w
eb
-
base
d
a
ppli
cat
ion
s
via
em
bed
di
ng
se
r
vice
sta
c
k.
ERP
se
r
vice
sy
stem
is
con
ti
n
uous
ly
pro
duct
i
v
e
,
ro
-
b
us
t,
an
d
s
ecur
e
desp
it
e
r
e
m
ai
nin
g
an
open
syst
em
.
Fu
r
the
r
m
or
e
,
E
RP
se
r
vice
suppo
r
ts
a
n
y
sta
t
e
-
of
-
the
-
a
r
t
w
eb
se
r
vice
te
c
hnology
to
ols
s
uc
h
as
A
PEX,
X
ML,
A
J
A
X,
Ja
v
asc
r
i
pt,
J
Q
ue
r
y
,
HTML,
WSDL,
S
O
A
P
,
an
d
CS
S
.
T
he
inf
r
ast
r
uctu
re
of
ERP
se
r
vice
syst
em
fits
a
nd
i
nte
gr
a
te
s
with
t
he
te
c
hnology
sta
nda
rd
s
of
the
se
r
vice
d
e
v
el
oper
s
.
E
RP
se
r
vice
d
e
v
el
opm
ent
too
l
c
on
s
olidate
s
b
us
iness
w
o
r
kfl
o
ws
thr
ough
w
eb
se
r
vice
b
us
i
ne
ss
process
ex
e
cution
la
ngua
ge
(
WS
-
BPEL
)
hor
-
i
z
on
ta
ll
y
an
d
v
e
r
ti
cal
ly
[1
4].
It
ei
the
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
ERP
Se
r
vi
ce
fo
r Sma
ll
and M
ediu
m
E
nterp
rises i
n S
audi Ar
ab
i
a
(A
r
if
B
r
aman
tor
o
)
75
i
m
ple
m
ents
a
f
ull
so
l
utio
n
or
ena
b
le
s
the
c
us
tom
er
to
inc
or
-
po
r
at
e
pe
rs
on
al
pro
p
r
ie
ta
r
y
syst
e
m
s
log
i
c
to
increase
t
he
c
om
petit
i
v
e
edge
of
b
us
i
nesse
s
in
the
m
a
r
k
et
b
y
com
po
si
ng
the
se
r
vices
as
a
sin
gle
b
usi
ness
w
o
r
kfl
o
w
.
ER
P
se
r
vice
syst
em
gen
e
r
at
es
qual
it
y
of
se
r
vi
ce
in
f
o
r
m
at
ion
to
hel
p
ide
ntif
y
and
res
ol
v
e
b
ugs
thr
ough
im
m
e
diate
f
ee
dba
c
k
du
r
in
g
se
r
vic
e
f
ai
lur
e
.
Henc
e
,
a
n
y
pro
b
le
m
s
can
be
ad
dr
ess
ed
qui
c
kl
y
an
d
accu
r
at
el
y
.
Se
r
vice
us
er
s
log
b
ugs
into
the
syst
e
m
and
pr
o
vid
e
sug
gestion
s
via
im
m
ediat
e
f
ee
db
a
c
k.
The
syst
e
m
con
side
rs
this
f
eed
ba
c
k
a
s
a
ddit
ion
al
data
e
nt
r
y
b
y
the
us
er
a
nd
note
s
the
sessio
n
sta
t
e
,
tim
est
a
m
p
,
and
us
e
r
e
n
vir
on
m
ent.
5.
E
v
aluatio
n
ERP
se
r
vice
syst
e
m
is
des
ign
e
d
f
or
an
easy
us
e
with
ou
t
the
i
n
v
ol
v
em
ent
of
the
se
r
vice
adm
inist
r
at
o
r
.
The
cl
ie
nt
be
gin
s
us
in
g
t
he
se
r
vice
once
s
he
c
reates
a
c
om
pa
n
y
pr
ofi
le
and
a
se
r
vice
us
e
r
prof
il
e
as
sh
o
wn
in
Fig
ur
e
7.
T
he
re
are
a
ddit
ion
al
sec
u
r
it
y
f
eat
ur
es
are
require
d
f
or
sma
r
t
phone
v
er
sion,
su
c
h
as
se
r
vice
aut
hen
ti
cat
ion, sessio
n
sta
te
protect
ion,
an
d
se
r
vice a
utho
r
iz
at
ion
sc
hem
e
s
.
Figure
7.
ERP
se
r
vice
se
r
vice
inter
f
ac
es
On
ce
the
use
r
cl
i
c
ks
on
sto
c
k
syst
e
m
,
there
is
a
sto
c
k
syst
e
m
me
n
u.
T
he
pag
e
f
or
Sto
c
k
syst
em
disp
l
a
ys
al
l
fun
ct
ion
s
that
ca
n
be
ex
ec
uted
to
acce
ss
t
he
a
v
ai
la
b
le
co
nc
rete
se
r
vices
within
the
sto
c
k
m
odul
e
.
The
syst
em
sh
o
ws
the
data
r
e
la
te
d
to
t
he
cl
ie
nt
base
d
on
cl
ie
nt
ID
w
hich
i
s
hidde
n.
The
c
li
ent
ID
is
a
sta
m
p
f
or
eac
h
t
r
a
ns
a
ct
ion
t
hat
occurs
in
the
syst
em
,
su
ch
as
dat
a
re
-
t
r
i
e
v
al
.
All
se
r
vice
re
gist
r
at
ion
s
a
nd
inqui
r
ie
s
are
bas
ed
on
c
li
ent
I
D
.
Fig
ure
8
sh
o
ws
the
sta
ti
sti
cal
data
f
or
the
se
r
vic
e
cl
ie
nt
at
Al
Rim
al
In
te
r
national
School.
T
he
use
r
can
c
ontr
ol
al
l
se
r
vices
b
y
cl
i
c
king
the
c
ust
om
iz
a
ti
on
to
create
a
pe
rson
al
hom
e
pag
e
.
The
pag
e
co
ntain
ma
n
y
aspects
t
ha
t
m
a
y
be
not
im
po
r
ta
nt
f
or
he
r
b
ut
m
a
y
be
im
po
r
ta
nt
to
oth
er
s
.
Thro
ugh
im
m
e
diate
f
ee
db
a
c
k,
ERP
se
r
vice
syst
e
m
can
ob
ta
in
us
e
r
-
def
i
ne
d
qual
it
y
of
s
er
-
vice
in
f
o
r
m
at
ion
th
at
helps
ide
ntif
y
and
reso
l
v
es
issues
an
d
b
ugs
du
r
ing
f
ai
lu
r
es
to
so
l
v
e
pro
b
le
m
s
qu
i
c
kly
an
d
accu
r
at
el
y
.
Se
r
vice
use
rs
us
e
s
i
m
m
ediat
e
f
eedb
a
c
k
to
log
com
m
ent
s
,
b
ug
repo
r
t
s
,
a
nd
su
ggest
io
ns
int
o
t
he
syst
e
m
.
The
i
m
ple
m
entat
ion
of
ER
P
se
r
vic
e
to
pr
o
v
e
its
con
ce
pt
is
e
v
al
-
uated
with
a
basic
qu
al
it
at
i
v
e
researc
h
asses
s
m
ent.
S
e
v
e
r
al
inte
r
vi
e
ws
with
IT
co
nsult
an
ts
an
d
ERP
us
e
rs
w
ere
co
nduc
te
d.
S
om
e
resul
ts
are
li
ste
d
as
f
ol
l
o
ws:
•
End
us
e
r
w
o
r
king
as
acc
ount
ant:
”It
is
real
ly
cost
-
ef
f
ect
i
v
e
,
it
will
enc
ou
r
age
t
he
o
wn
e
r
to
i
m
ple
m
ent
i
t,
since
the
re
is
no
upfro
nt
co
st
or
ope
r
at
ion
al
co
st”
.
•
ERP
end
us
er
w
o
r
ki
ng
as
a
da
ta
ent
r
y
pro
ce
sso
r
:
”N
e
w
i
de
a,
I
can
w
o
r
k
f
r
om
a
n
ywher
e”
.
•
IT
co
ns
ulta
nt:
”I
h
a
v
e
n
e
v
er
h
ea
rd ab
out S
aud
i
ERP
se
r
vice
be
f
or
e
.
It
is
a
good
i
dea,
E
RP
se
r
vice
will
suc
cess
he
re
in
S
aud
i
A
r
a
bia”.
•
IT
con
s
ultant:
”It
is
go
od,
no
ope
r
at
io
nal
c
os
t,
no
r
isk
f
or
data
lo
os
”
.
•
IT
co
ns
ulta
nt:
”Su
r
p
r
ise
d,
e
asy
de
pl
o
ym
ent
f
or
n
e
w
c
om
pa
n
y
with
out
a
n
y
cost,
no
upf
r
on
t c
os
t,
no
ope
r
at
ion
al
co
s
t”
.
•
ERP
end
us
er
w
o
r
ki
ng
as
ac
countant:
”
F
a
st
de
pl
o
ym
ent
an
d
im
ple
m
entat
i
on
”
•
IT
con
s
ultant
:
”
W
it
h
this
sy
stem
,
I
ca
n
d
o
wn
l
oad
m
y
data
in
E
xcel
f
o
r
m
at
at
the
en
d
of
the
d
a
y
,
so
no
pro
b
le
m
f
or
dat
a
lo
os
in
g”
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vol
.
1
2
, N
o.
1
,
Oct
o
ber
201
8
:
69
–
77
76
Figure
8.
Sto
c
k
se
r
vice
f
or
A
lR
i
m
a
l
In
te
r
nat
ion
al
S
cho
ol
The
m
ai
n
reas
on
w
h
y
cl
ie
nts
hesita
te
to
m
o
v
e
to
se
r
vice
s
yst
e
m
is
data
los
s
.
T
hu
s
,
t
he
dif
f
e
re
nce
bet
w
een
t
he
propose
d
ERP
se
r
vice
a
nd
ot
her
ERP
se
r
vices
is
the
ca
pa
bili
ty
to d
o
wn
l
oad
the
data
from
each
functi
on
a
nd
m
odul
e
.
T
o
dec
re
ase
the
r
isk
of
se
r
vice
syst
em
in
te
r
m
of
data
l
os
s
from
the
se
r
vice
pr
o
vid
e
r
s
,
a
f
eat
ur
e
f
or
eac
h
se
r
vice
f
unc
ti
on
is
c
reated
in
order
t
o
al
l
o
w
se
r
vice
cl
ie
nts
to
d
o
wn
l
oad
data
daily
in
heter
og
e
nous
f
o
r
m
at
s
,
su
ch
as
CS
V
,
HT
ML,
XL
S
,
P
D
F
,
a
nd
R
T
F
.
In
ad
diti
on,
ERP
se
r
vice
s
yst
e
m
pe
r
io
dical
ly
e
xpo
r
ts
c
om
plete
data.
The
be
ne
fits
of
ERP
se
r
vice
out
w
ei
gh
its
c
halle
ng
e
s
.
Af
t
er
com
pa
r
i
ng
a
nd
a
naly
zi
ng
t
he
be
nef
it
s
and
d
r
a
w
ba
c
k
s
,
it
is
stron
gly
su
ggest
e
d
t
hat
Saudi
A
r
a
bian
SME
s
,
es
pecia
ll
y
tho
se
with
b
udget
li
m
it
ati
on
s
,
can
be
ne
fit
sign
ific
antly
from
mi
gr
at
ing
t
r
ad
it
ion
al
ERP
to
a
se
r
vice
o
r
ie
nted
e
n
vir
onm
ent.
So
m
e
chall
en
ge
s
sti
ll
re
m
ai
n,
suc
h
as
la
c
k
of
t
r
us
t,
lo
ss
of
c
on
trol,
sec
u
r
ity
at
ta
c
k
s
,
a
nd
a
udit
ing
a
nd
m
on
it
o
r
in
g
c
on
tr
ol;
as
al
so
i
den
ti
fie
d
b
y
[
15
]
.
H
o
w
e
v
e
r
,
these
d
r
a
w
ba
c
ks
are
m
anag
ea
b
le
b
y
SMEs
a
nd
sup
po
s
ed
to
be
m
it
igate
d
b
y
ERP
se
r
vic
e
i
m
pr
o
v
em
ent
and
its
li
f
e
c
yc
l
e
.
The
pro
po
s
ed
ER
P
se
r
vice
f
or
SME
s
in
Sa
ud
i
A
r
abia
m
itigates
the
r
i
sk
in
t
w
o
w
a
y
s
.
The
first
is
to
co
ntact
a
se
r
vice
pr
o
vid
e
r
loc
at
ed
in
Sa
udi
A
r
abia.
T
he
sec
on
d
is
b
y
ad
ding
f
e
at
ur
es
that
al
l
o
w
the
se
r
vice
c
li
ent
to
im
po
r
t
the
data
both
as
a
w
hole
a
nd
ind
i
vidual
f
or
e
ach
se
r
vice
f
un
ct
io
n.
6.
Con
c
lusi
on
A
r
e
vi
e
w
of
re
cent
resea
rch
on
se
r
vice
o
r
ie
nt
ed
an
d
t
r
a
diti
onal
ERP
ap
plica
ti
on
s
to
i
n
v
es
-
ti
gate
the
pr
o
v
en
ad
v
a
nta
ges
an
d
disa
d
v
antages
is
pr
es
ented.
T
he
cau
se
of
these
c
ontr
o
v
ersies
co
uld
be
t
he
dif
f
e
rence
s
in
t
he
capa
bili
ti
es
of
v
a
r
i
ous
ERP
se
r
vice
sy
stem
s
e
xam
ined
at
dif
f
er
-
e
nt
tim
e
s
,
gi
v
en
th
e
gen
e
r
al
te
nd
e
ncy
of
dynam
ic
i
mp
r
o
v
em
ent
in
ERP
se
r
vic
e
.
It
is
al
so
ar
gu
e
d
that
the
ad
v
a
ntages
of
ERP
se
r
vice
syst
em
ar
e
consi
der
e
d
as
m
or
e
pe
r
ti
ne
nt
f
or
SMEs
in
Sa
ud
i
A
r
a
bi
a
than
f
or
la
r
ge
e
nte
r
p
r
ise
s
.
In
ad
diti
on
,
E
R
P
disad
v
a
ntage
s
,
su
c
h
as
sec
u
r
ity
r
isk
s
,
are
m
it
i
-
gated
in
t
he
propose
d
ERP
se
r
vice
syst
em
f
or
SME
s
.
T
he
re
f
or
e
,
ERP
se
r
vice
syst
e
m
is
gen
e
r
al
ly
co
ns
ide
red
a
su
it
a
b
le
opti
on
f
or
SMEs
in
Saudi
A
r
a
bia.
T
o
the
best
of
our
kn
o
wle
dg
e
,
no
one
has
y
et
d
e
v
el
op
e
d
an
ER
P
se
r
vice
syst
e
m
in
Saudi
A
r
a
bia.
A
c
kn
o
w
le
d
g
e
ment
This
w
o
r
k
w
as
su
pp
o
r
te
d
b
y
the
Dea
ns
hi
p
of
Scie
ntific
Re
s
earch
(
DS
R)
,
King
Abd
ulazi
z
Un
i
v
er
sit
y
,
Jed
dah,
Saudi
A
r
a
bia.
T
he
a
utho
r
,
the
re
f
or
e
,
gr
at
ef
ully
a
c
kn
o
wle
dg
es
t
he
D
SR
te
chn
i
-
cal
and
fina
nc
ia
l
su
pp
o
r
t.
T
he
a
uthor
al
so
tha
nks
Am
er
Al
-
S
hor
ba
j
i
f
or
the
i
m
ple
m
entat
ion
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
ERP
Se
r
vi
ce
fo
r Sma
ll
and M
ediu
m
E
nterp
rises i
n S
audi Ar
ab
i
a
(A
r
if
B
r
aman
tor
o
)
77
Re
f
erence
s
[1]
V
.
Bansal,
“
Ide
nti
f
y
i
ng
c
r
i
ti
c
al
suc
ce
ss
f
a
ct
ors
f
or
e
r
p
in
sm
es
t
hrough
a
c
ase
stu
d
y,
”
Int
e
r
na
-
ti
on
al
Jou
r
nal
of
Fu
t
ure
Computer
and
Com
m
unic
ati
on
,
v
ol.
2,
n
o
.
5,
p
.
47
1,
2013
.
[2]
A.
Y
.
P
r
a
tam
a,
S
.
Ha
r
m
anto
et
a
l.
,
“
Busin
ess
proc
ess
re
en
gine
e
r
ing
on
cu
stom
er
se
r
v
ic
e
a
nd
proc
ur
ement
unit
s
in
c
li
ni
ca
l
la
bo
r
a
to
r
y,
”
TEL
K
OMNIKA
(
T
el
ec
om
m
unic
ati
on
Comp
uti
ng
E
lectronics
and
Control)
,
v
ol.
13
,
n
o
.
2,
p
p
.
644
–
653,
2015.
[3]
A.
M.
Al
Bar
and
M.
R.
Hoqu
e
,
“
F
ac
tors
af
f
e
cting
cl
oud
e
r
p
adoption
in
saudi
a
r
abia:
An
empi
r
i
cal
st
ud
y,
”
In
f
o
r
mation
D
e
v
el
opment
,
p
p
.
1
–
15,
2017
.
[4]
K.
Alaq
ee
l
,
A.
Al
f
ageeh,
R.
Budi
a
r
to
et
al.
,
“
An
i
n
v
esti
g
at
i
on
stud
y
on
opt
i
m
iz
ing
ente
r
p
r
ise
resourc
e
pl
anning
(e
r
p)
im
ple
me
nt
a
ti
on
in
emergi
ng
pu
b
lic
un
i
v
er
sit
y
:
Al
b
aha
u
ni
v
ersity
ca
se
st
ud
y,
”
In
te
r
nati
o
nal
Jou
r
nal
of
El
e
ct
r
i
cal
and
C
omputer
Eng
inee
r
ing
,
v
ol.
6,
n
o
.
4,
p
.
1920,
201
6.
[5]
J
.
Duan
,
P
.
F
a
k
e
r
,
A.
F
esa
k,
and
T
.
Stua
r
t,
“
Bene
fi
ts
and
d
r
a
wba
c
ks
of
c
loud
-
base
d
v
ersus
t
r
a
dit
ional
e
r
p
s
y
st
em
s
,
”
Proce
ed
ings o
f
t
he
2012
-
13
cour
se
on
Ad
v
an
ce
d
Re
sour
ce
P
lan
-
ning
,
2013.
[6]
M.
W
.
Sa
r
i
and
A.
W
ib
o
w
o
,
“
Mea
su
r
ing
e
nte
r
p
r
ise
r
esourc
e
pla
nn
ing
(e
r
p)
s
y
stems
ef
f
ecti
v
e
-
n
ess
in
indon
esia
,
”
TEL
K
OMNIKA
(
T
el
ec
om
m
unic
at
i
on
Computing
Elec
troni
cs
and
Co
ntrol)
,
v
ol.
16
,
n
o
.
2,
2018.
[7]
N.
Y
.
Sah
i
n,
“
Cloud
e
r
p
s
ec
u
r
ity
:
Guide
lines
f
or
e
v
a
lua
t
i
on
,
”
Depa
r
tmen
t
of
Computer
a
nd
Syste
ms
Sc
ience
s
,
Sto
c
khol
m
Uni
v
e
rs
it
y
,
S
w
ede
n
,
20
13.
[8]
S
.
V
.
G
r
a
bski,
S
.
A.
Leec
h,
and
B
.
Lu
,
“
Risks
and
c
ontrol
s
in
the
i
m
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