I
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n J
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rica
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Science
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
21
,
p
p
.
25
3
~
2
59
I
SS
N:
2
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4
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DOI
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1
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2
4
.i
1
.
pp
25
3
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2
59
253
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Att
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a
ls
with
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ish
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P
S
A
a
n
d
l
o
w
(L)
P
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in
d
i
v
id
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1
2
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n
d
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i
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a
ls
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g
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o
m
HPS
A
a
n
d
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th
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EEG
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wa
s
re
c
o
rd
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d
with
th
e
lo
w
c
o
st,
1
4
-
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
Emo
ti
v
E
p
o
c
+
.
RT
s
h
o
we
d
sl
o
w
e
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re
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se
s,
li
n
k
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d
t
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n
ti
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n
a
l
d
e
ficits
in
HPS
A
in
d
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d
u
a
ls.
ERP
re
su
lt
s
re
v
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a
led
th
e
P
2
0
0
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m
o
ti
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l
S
tro
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m
a
rk
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n
d
to
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k
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d
t
o
a
tt
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ti
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n
a
l
b
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in
HPS
A,
b
u
t
n
o
t
in
LP
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A
in
d
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Th
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tr
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m
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b
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s
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in
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tio
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T
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s
a
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c
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ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
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r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Far
ah
Sh
ah
n
az
Fer
o
z
Fak
u
lti Ke
ju
r
u
ter
aa
n
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lek
t
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o
n
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k
d
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Keju
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u
ter
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n
Ko
m
p
u
ter
Un
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s
iti T
ek
n
ik
al
Ma
lay
s
ia
(
UT
eM
)
7
6
1
0
0
Du
r
ian
T
u
n
g
g
al,
Me
lak
a,
Ma
lay
s
ia
E
m
ail:
s
h
ah
n
az
@
u
tem
.
ed
u
.
m
y
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
I
n
d
iv
id
u
als
s
u
f
f
er
in
g
f
r
o
m
p
u
b
lic
s
p
ea
k
in
g
an
x
iety
(
PSA
)
m
ay
ex
p
er
ien
ce
im
p
ai
r
ed
cr
itical
th
in
k
in
g
s
k
ills
an
d
co
g
n
itiv
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
r
esu
ltin
g
in
m
ed
io
cr
e
ac
ad
em
ic
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
lim
ited
ca
r
ee
r
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
an
d
l
o
w
q
u
ality
o
f
life
[
1
]
-
[
3
]
.
Am
o
n
g
th
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
r
ea
s
o
n
s
b
eh
i
n
d
th
is
ty
p
e
o
f
a
n
x
iety
a
r
e
f
ea
r
o
f
co
m
m
itti
n
g
er
r
o
r
s
,
in
co
m
p
ete
n
cies
in
th
e
s
p
o
k
en
lan
g
u
a
g
e
,
f
ea
r
o
f
b
ein
g
n
eg
ativ
ely
e
v
alu
ated
an
d
f
ea
r
o
f
r
ejec
tio
n
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
.
E
v
en
th
o
u
g
h
PS
A
is
h
ig
h
ly
p
r
ev
ale
n
t
in
o
u
r
m
o
d
er
n
s
o
ciety
[
6
]
-
[
8
]
,
th
e
r
e
ex
is
ts
a
lack
o
f
s
tan
d
ar
d
ev
alu
atio
n
,
o
r
b
io
m
a
r
k
er
s
to
d
etec
t
atten
tio
n
b
ias
r
elate
d
to
PS
A
[
6
]
,
[
9
]
.
Stan
d
a
r
d
s
elf
-
ass
es
s
m
en
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
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2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
2
4
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
21
:
25
3
-
2
59
254
to
o
ls
s
u
ch
as
[
6
]
o
n
ly
e
v
alu
ate
s
b
eh
av
io
r
al
asp
ec
ts
o
f
PS
A,
n
eg
lectin
g
th
e
u
n
d
er
ly
i
n
g
n
e
u
r
al
d
ef
icien
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th
at
allo
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o
r
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en
t o
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o
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Th
e
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je
ctiv
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o
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cu
r
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en
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s
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y
is
to
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eh
av
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ab
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o
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alities
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o
ciate
d
with
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n
al
b
ias
in
h
ig
h
p
u
b
lic
s
p
ea
k
in
g
an
x
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(
H
PS
A
)
in
d
iv
id
u
als
with
th
e
em
o
tio
n
al
Stro
o
p
e
lectr
o
en
ce
p
h
al
o
g
r
ap
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(
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ex
p
er
im
e
n
t
al
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ar
ad
i
g
m
.
T
h
e
P2
0
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ev
e
n
t
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elate
d
p
o
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tial
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E
R
P
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co
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p
o
n
e
n
t,
f
o
u
n
d
in
em
o
tio
n
al
Stro
o
p
s
tu
d
ies,
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
b
y
an
u
p
war
d
d
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n
th
at
o
cc
u
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ab
o
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t
2
0
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s
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f
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tim
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itiv
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to
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f
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s
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d
h
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b
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n
lin
k
ed
to
atten
tio
n
b
ias
in
p
atien
ts
with
an
x
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[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
Fu
r
th
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e,
th
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h
as
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id
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[
1
2
]
f
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r
elate
d
im
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air
m
en
t in
p
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cr
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a
m
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a
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li
in
ex
p
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im
en
tal
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tu
d
ie
s
s
u
ch
as
[
1
3
]
-
[
1
5
]
.
Neu
r
o
s
cien
tis
ts
h
av
e
f
o
u
n
d
m
o
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ev
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f
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s
ed
in
ten
s
ity
d
u
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m
o
tio
n
s
[
1
6
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b
y
lin
k
in
g
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s
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to
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er
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T
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f
in
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ex
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GA
D
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Alth
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v
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ee
n
d
o
n
e
in
id
en
tif
y
in
g
b
io
m
ar
k
e
r
s
in
an
x
iety
an
d
o
t
h
er
m
en
tal
h
ea
lth
r
elate
d
d
is
o
r
d
er
s
[
1
7
]
,
[
1
8
]
,
u
p
t
o
n
o
w,
n
o
b
i
o
m
ar
k
er
s
in
r
elatio
n
to
atten
tio
n
al
b
ias
h
as
b
ee
n
e
s
tab
lis
h
ed
in
PS
A
s
tu
d
ies.
E
R
P
ex
p
er
im
en
ts
f
o
r
th
e
em
o
tio
n
al
Stro
o
p
task
h
as
n
ev
er
b
ee
n
co
n
d
u
cted
to
s
tu
d
y
atten
tio
n
al
b
ias
in
s
u
b
je
cts
s
u
f
f
er
in
g
f
r
o
m
HPSA
[
1
3
]
,
[
1
9
]
,
[
2
0
]
.
T
h
is
is
o
f
a
p
r
im
a
r
y
co
n
ce
r
n
b
ec
a
u
s
e
atten
ti
o
n
al
b
ias is
at
th
e
h
ea
r
t
o
f
o
u
r
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
PS
A.
T
h
u
s
,
n
o
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
h
as
b
e
en
co
n
d
u
cted
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
ex
ac
t
tim
in
g
an
d
b
r
ai
n
ar
ea
s
ass
o
ciate
d
with
PS
A
d
ef
icits
d
u
r
in
g
atten
tio
n
b
ias.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
h
y
p
o
th
esized
th
at
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e
to
an
x
iety
-
r
elate
d
wo
r
d
s
wo
u
ld
r
esu
lt
i
n
in
c
r
ea
s
ed
atte
n
tio
n
b
ias,
r
esu
ltin
g
i
n
in
c
r
ea
s
ed
R
T
an
d
ab
er
r
a
n
t
P2
0
0
m
o
d
u
lati
o
n
in
HPSA
in
d
iv
id
u
als.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Rela
t
ed
wo
rk
Sev
er
al
m
eth
o
d
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
to
s
tu
d
y
th
e
u
n
d
e
r
ly
in
g
n
e
u
r
al
d
ef
icien
cies
o
f
atten
tio
n
b
ias
d
u
r
in
g
an
x
iety
.
T
h
e
s
u
p
e
r
io
r
tem
p
o
r
al
r
eso
lu
tio
n
o
f
E
E
G
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
th
er
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
s
u
ch
as
f
u
n
c
tio
n
al
m
ag
n
etic
r
eso
n
a
n
ce
im
ag
in
g
(
f
MRI
)
an
d
p
o
s
itro
n
em
is
s
io
n
t
o
m
o
g
r
a
p
h
y
(
PET
)
is
a
s
ig
n
if
ic
an
t a
d
v
an
ta
g
e
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
i
n
co
g
n
itiv
e
ex
p
er
im
en
t
al
s
tu
d
ies
s
u
ch
as
th
is
.
On
e
m
eth
o
d
o
f
in
v
esti
g
atin
g
th
e
n
eu
r
al
ac
tiv
atio
n
o
f
atten
tio
n
b
ias
d
u
r
in
g
a
n
x
iety
is
b
y
ex
am
in
in
g
th
e
E
R
Ps
.
E
R
P
allo
w
s
th
e
E
E
G
r
ec
o
r
d
in
g
to
r
ef
lect
th
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
s
o
f
b
r
ai
n
ac
tiv
ity
m
o
m
en
t
-
by
-
m
o
m
en
t,
wh
ic
h
is
cr
itical
in
th
e
p
ar
ad
i
g
m
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
y
.
T
o
j
u
s
tify
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
a
s
u
m
m
ar
y
tab
le
o
f
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
tu
d
ies
o
f
m
en
tal
h
ea
lth
d
is
o
r
d
er
s
an
d
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
im
p
lem
en
ted
is
f
ea
tu
r
ed
in
T
a
b
le
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Su
m
m
a
r
y
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t s
tu
d
ies o
f
m
en
tal
h
ea
lth
d
is
o
r
d
er
s
an
d
th
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
S
t
u
d
y
Ty
p
e
o
f
S
t
u
d
y
/
D
i
s
o
r
d
e
r
M
e
t
h
o
d
s/
T
o
o
l
s
u
s
e
d
F
i
n
d
i
n
g
s
[
2
3
]
I
n
v
e
st
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
u
n
d
e
r
l
y
i
n
g
n
e
u
r
a
l
p
r
o
c
e
sse
s
o
f
a
t
t
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
b
i
a
s
mo
d
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
A
n
x
i
e
t
y
Ev
e
n
t
-
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
s
(
ER
P
)
ER
P
r
e
s
u
l
t
s s
h
o
w
e
d
t
h
e
L
a
t
e
P
o
s
i
t
i
v
e
P
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
r
e
f
l
e
c
t
s
t
h
e
c
l
i
n
i
c
a
l
b
e
n
e
f
i
t
s
o
f
a
t
t
e
n
t
i
o
n
b
i
a
s m
o
d
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
e
r
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
[
2
4
]
C
l
a
s
si
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
u
t
i
sm s
p
e
c
t
r
u
m
d
i
s
o
r
d
e
r
(ASD)
M
a
c
h
i
n
e
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
EEG
/
f
a
c
i
a
l
t
h
e
r
mo
g
r
a
p
h
y
A
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
o
f
9
4
%
i
n
t
h
e
c
l
a
ssi
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
A
S
D
[
2
5
]
M
u
l
t
i
m
o
d
a
l
a
t
t
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
b
i
a
s
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
i
n
a
n
x
i
e
t
y
Ev
e
n
t
-
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
s
(
ER
P
)
Th
e
N
1
7
0
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
w
a
s
mo
d
u
l
a
t
e
d
b
y
b
o
t
h
a
u
d
i
t
o
r
y
a
n
d
v
i
s
u
a
l
s
t
r
e
ss s
i
g
n
a
l
s
[
11]
N
e
u
r
a
l
m
o
d
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
o
f
a
t
t
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
b
i
a
s
d
u
r
i
n
g
a
n
x
i
e
t
y
Ev
e
n
t
-
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
s
(
ER
P
)
P
2
0
0
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
w
a
s re
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
a
t
t
e
n
t
i
o
n
b
i
a
s i
n
a
u
b
j
e
c
t
s w
i
t
h
a
n
x
i
e
t
y
[
1
8
]
I
n
v
e
st
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
n
e
u
r
a
l
a
b
n
o
r
m
a
l
i
t
i
e
s
d
u
r
i
n
g
e
mo
t
i
o
n
-
c
o
g
n
i
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
i
n
p
a
t
i
e
n
t
s
w
i
t
h
sc
h
i
z
o
p
h
r
e
n
i
a
Ev
e
n
t
-
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
s
(
ER
P
)
A
b
n
o
r
n
a
l
i
t
i
e
s
i
n
t
h
e
N
4
5
0
a
n
d
l
a
t
e
n
e
g
a
t
i
v
i
t
y
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
i
n
p
a
t
i
e
n
t
s w
i
t
h
S
c
h
i
z
o
p
h
r
e
n
i
a
[2
6
]
N
e
u
r
a
l
c
o
r
r
e
l
a
t
e
s
o
f
e
mo
t
i
o
n
a
l
f
a
c
e
p
r
o
c
e
ss
i
n
g
Ev
e
n
t
-
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
s
(
ER
P
)
Th
e
e
a
r
l
y
p
o
s
t
e
r
i
o
r
n
e
g
a
t
i
v
i
t
y
(
EPN
)
i
s
i
n
v
o
l
v
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
c
e
ss
i
n
g
o
f
e
m
o
t
i
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
t
e
n
t
i
n
f
a
c
i
a
l
e
x
p
r
e
ssi
o
n
s
2
.
2
.
P
a
rt
icipa
nts
A
to
tal
o
f
1
0
0
B
ac
h
elo
r
o
f
E
l
ec
tr
o
n
ic
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
o
f
Un
iv
er
s
iti
T
ek
n
ik
al
Ma
lay
s
ia
Me
lak
a
(
UT
eM
)
wer
e
ass
ess
ed
f
o
r
th
e
s
ev
er
ity
lev
el
o
f
th
eir
PS
A
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
u
b
lic
s
p
ea
k
in
g
an
x
iet
y
s
ca
le
(
PS
AS)
[
6
]
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e.
T
h
e
p
a
r
ticip
an
t
s
wer
e
r
ec
r
u
ited
v
ia
Go
o
g
le
o
n
lin
e
f
o
r
m
s
.
Af
ter
s
cr
ee
n
in
g
,
t
welv
e
s
u
b
jects
wi
th
h
ig
h
est
PS
AS
s
co
r
es
(
HP
SA
)
an
d
twelv
e
with
lo
west
PS
AS
s
co
r
es
(
L
PS
A
)
,
m
atch
ed
with
r
esp
ec
t
to
ag
e
an
d
g
en
d
er
wer
e
s
elec
ted
to
p
ar
t
icip
ate
in
th
e
E
E
G
ex
p
er
im
e
n
t.
Han
d
ed
n
ess
was
ev
alu
ated
with
th
e
s
h
o
r
ter
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
E
d
i
n
b
u
r
g
h
Han
d
ed
n
ess
m
an
u
al
[2
7
]
,
[
2
8
]
an
d
o
n
ly
r
i
g
h
t
-
h
a
n
d
ed
p
ar
ticip
an
t
s
wer
e
s
elec
ted
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
tten
tio
n
a
l b
ia
s
d
u
r
in
g
p
u
b
lic
s
p
ea
kin
g
a
n
xiety
r
ev
ea
led
u
s
in
g
ev
en
t
-
r
ela
ted
…
(
F
a
r
a
h
S
h
a
h
n
a
z
F
ero
z
)
255
All
s
u
b
jects
g
av
e
th
eir
wr
itte
n
co
n
s
en
t
p
r
io
r
t
o
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
t.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
was
ap
p
r
o
v
ed
b
y
th
e
E
th
ics
C
o
m
m
ittee
o
f
Un
i
v
er
s
iti
T
ek
n
ik
al
Ma
lay
s
ia
Me
lak
a
(
Ja
w
a
ta
n
k
u
a
s
a
E
tika
(
Ma
n
u
s
ia
)
P
en
ye
lid
ika
n
,
UT
eM
)
.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
af
f
ir
m
t
h
at
all
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
i
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
co
m
p
l
y
with
th
e
eth
ical
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
o
f
th
e
r
elev
a
n
t
n
atio
n
al
a
n
d
in
s
titu
tio
n
al
co
m
m
ittees
o
n
h
u
m
an
ex
p
er
im
en
tatio
n
an
d
with
th
e
Helsin
k
i
Dec
lar
atio
n
o
f
1
9
7
5
,
as r
ev
is
e
d
in
2
0
1
3
.
Pre
v
io
u
s
p
s
y
ch
iatr
ic
d
is
o
r
d
er
s
o
r
tr
ea
tm
en
t,
cu
r
r
e
n
t
s
u
b
s
tan
ce
ab
u
s
e
o
r
d
ep
en
d
en
ce
,
t
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
m
ajo
r
s
o
m
atic
o
r
n
eu
r
o
lo
g
ica
l
d
is
o
r
d
er
s
,
co
lo
u
r
b
lin
d
n
ess
,
an
d
a
h
is
to
r
y
o
f
r
ea
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
lear
n
in
g
d
is
o
r
d
e
r
wer
e
th
e
ex
clu
s
io
n
cr
iter
ia
f
o
r
all
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
.
On
ly
Ma
lay
lan
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2
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3
.
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4
1
St
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6
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PS
A
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elate
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tim
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s
,
ad
ap
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f
r
o
m
[
2
9
]
wer
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p
r
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en
ted
in
t
h
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Ma
lay
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ag
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Sti
m
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tally
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le
[
1
8
]
,
[
3
0
]
.
E
ac
h
tr
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s
tar
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with
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f
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itiated
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r
1
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m
s
,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Par
ticip
an
ts
wer
e
in
s
tr
u
cted
to
k
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eir
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tes r
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u
r
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1
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s
ch
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Stro
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7
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estrict
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d
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NB
S Pr
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ased
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F
C
6
,
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7
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8
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P8
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O2
[2
6
]
.
T
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E
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G
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was
ac
q
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ir
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s
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m
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n
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m
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POC
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elec
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es F3
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F4
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lect
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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20
21
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A
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an
d
em
o
tio
n
al)
was
d
ef
in
e
d
as
th
e
with
in
-
s
u
b
jects
f
ac
to
r
an
d
g
r
o
u
p
(
HPSA,
L
PS
A)
as
th
e
b
etwe
en
-
s
u
b
jects
f
ac
to
r
.
I
n
c
o
m
p
lian
ce
to
t
h
e
s
p
h
er
icity
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
r
e
p
ea
ted
m
ea
s
u
r
es
AN
OVA,
th
e
ad
ju
s
ted
g
r
ee
n
h
o
u
s
e
-
Geiss
er
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
to
th
e
u
n
iv
ar
iate
r
e
p
ea
ted
m
e
asu
r
es
ANOV
A
p
-
v
alu
es,
th
e
u
n
ad
ju
s
ted
d
e
g
r
ee
s
o
f
f
r
ee
d
o
m
an
d
ep
s
ilo
n
v
al
u
es
wer
e
r
ep
o
r
ted
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
i
s
p
ap
er
.
All
m
u
ltip
le
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
test
s
co
n
d
u
cted
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
u
s
ed
th
e
B
o
n
f
er
r
o
n
i t
m
eth
o
d
as it is r
o
b
u
s
t to
v
io
latio
n
s
o
f
s
p
h
e
r
icity
[3
6
]
.
2
.
7
.
E
v
ent
-
re
l
a
t
ed
po
t
ent
ia
l
s
T
h
e
E
R
P
ef
f
ec
t
in
v
esti
g
ated
i
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
was
t
h
e
P2
0
0
em
o
tio
n
al
Stro
o
p
ef
f
ec
t.
T
h
e
m
e
an
p
o
o
led
am
p
litu
d
e
o
f
th
e
F3
an
d
F4
f
r
o
n
tal
elec
tr
o
d
es
was
u
s
ed
as
th
e
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
ia
b
le.
B
ased
o
n
p
r
ev
io
u
s
liter
atu
r
e,
th
e
P2
0
0
(
1
5
0
-
2
5
0
m
s
;
p
ea
k
at
2
0
0
m
s
)
tim
e
w
in
d
o
w,
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
was
an
aly
ze
d
.
T
h
e
P2
0
0
win
d
o
w
was
d
ef
in
ed
as
±
5
0
m
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
two
h
ig
h
est
p
ea
k
s
am
p
litu
d
e
o
f
t
h
e
g
r
an
d
-
av
er
ag
e
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
wav
e
o
f
th
e
L
PS
A
an
d
HPSA g
r
o
u
p
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
av
er
a
g
e
E
R
P wa
v
ef
o
r
m
s
o
f
th
e
P2
0
0
win
d
o
w
at
th
e
p
o
o
le
d
F3
an
d
F4
elec
tr
o
d
es f
o
r
HPSA a
n
d
L
PS
A
s
u
b
jects,
f
o
r
ea
ch
co
n
d
i
tio
n
(
n
eu
t
r
al
an
d
e
m
o
tio
n
al)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
tten
tio
n
a
l b
ia
s
d
u
r
in
g
p
u
b
lic
s
p
ea
kin
g
a
n
xiety
r
ev
ea
led
u
s
in
g
ev
en
t
-
r
ela
ted
…
(
F
a
r
a
h
S
h
a
h
n
a
z
F
ero
z
)
257
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
D
IS
CU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
E
rr
o
r
R
a
t
es
T
h
e
m
ix
ed
-
d
esig
n
ANOV
A
f
o
r
th
e
er
r
o
r
r
ates
r
ev
ea
led
th
at
t
h
er
e
wer
e
n
o
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
s
f
o
r
an
y
m
ain
ef
f
ec
ts
o
r
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
ac
r
o
s
s
co
n
d
itio
n
s
[
(
1
,
2
2
)
=1
.
0
1
,
p
ar
tial
ƞ
2
=
0
.
0
4
,
=
0
.
3
3
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
o
n
av
er
ag
e,
HPSA
s
u
b
jects
m
ad
e
m
o
r
e
m
is
tak
es
in
th
e
em
o
tio
n
al
Stro
o
p
task
with
a
m
ea
n
er
r
o
r
r
ate
o
f
0
.
1
0
8
3
,
in
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
t
o
L
PS
A
s
u
b
je
cts
(
m
ea
n
er
r
o
r
r
ate
=
0
.
0
8
4
7
)
.
E
r
r
o
r
r
esp
o
n
s
es
wer
e
ex
clu
d
ed
in
all
an
a
l
y
s
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
h
e
n
ce
f
o
r
th
[
1
8
]
,
[
29
]
.
3
.
2
.
Re
a
ct
io
n t
i
m
e
(
RT
)
a
na
ly
s
is
I
t
was
ap
p
ar
en
t
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a)
th
at
o
n
a
v
er
ag
e
,
HPSA
s
u
b
jects
wer
e
s
lo
wer
in
co
m
p
letin
g
th
e
em
o
tio
n
al
Stro
o
p
task
co
m
p
a
r
ed
to
L
PS
A
s
u
b
jects,
in
d
icat
in
g
atten
tio
n
al
d
ef
icits
in
th
e
HPSA
g
r
o
u
p
.
T
h
e
m
ea
n
r
ea
ctio
n
tim
e
f
o
r
HPSA
s
u
b
jects
in
th
e
em
o
tio
n
al
an
d
n
e
u
tr
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
wer
e
9
4
9
.
7
7
m
s
an
d
9
6
7
.
0
0
m
s
,
r
esp
ec
tf
u
lly
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
th
e
m
ea
n
r
ea
ctio
n
tim
e
f
o
r
L
PS
A
s
u
b
jects
was
8
4
1
.
1
0
m
s
in
th
e
em
o
tio
n
al
co
n
d
itio
n
a
n
d
8
3
4
.
5
9
m
s
in
th
e
n
e
u
tr
al
co
n
d
itio
n
.
B
as
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
li
t
e
r
at
u
r
e
[
2
2
]
,
[
3
7
]
,
t
h
e
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
a
l
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
Str
o
o
p
e
f
f
e
c
t
,
d
e
f
i
n
e
d
a
s
l
o
n
g
e
r
m
e
a
n
R
T
i
n
t
h
e
e
m
o
t
i
o
n
al
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
d
t
o
t
h
e
n
e
u
t
r
a
l
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
m
e
a
s
u
r
es
a
t
t
e
n
t
i
o
n
al
b
i
as
t
o
w
a
r
d
s
e
m
o
tio
n
a
l
w
o
r
d
s
.
I
n
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
,
t
h
e
e
m
o
t
i
o
n
a
l
S
t
r
o
o
p
e
f
f
e
c
t
w
a
s
e
v
i
d
e
n
t
i
n
L
PS
A
s
u
b
jec
t
s
b
u
t
t
h
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
w
as
r
e
v
e
r
s
e
d
i
n
H
P
S
A
s
u
b
j
e
c
ts
.
T
h
u
s
i
n
t
h
i
s
e
x
p
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
,
PS
A
-
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
e
m
o
t
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
i
m
u
l
i
f
a
cil
i
t
a
te
d
S
t
r
o
o
p
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
i
n
HP
S
A
s
u
b
j
e
c
ts
.
O
u
r
r
e
s
u
l
ts
w
e
r
e
i
n
l
i
n
e
w
i
t
h
s
t
u
d
i
es
s
u
c
h
as
[
38
]
,
[
39
]
i
m
p
l
i
c
a
ti
n
g
a
t
t
e
n
t
i
o
n
b
i
as
t
o
wa
r
d
t
h
r
e
a
t
w
o
r
d
s
f
a
c
i
li
t
at
e
d
t
h
e
t
a
s
k
f
o
r
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
a
n
x
i
e
t
y
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
s
u
b
j
e
c
t
s
.
T
h
e
m
i
x
e
d
-
d
e
s
i
g
n
AN
O
VA
f
o
r
R
T
r
e
v
ea
l
e
d
n
o
s
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
t
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
s
f
o
r
a
n
y
m
a
i
n
e
f
f
e
c
ts
o
r
i
n
t
e
r
a
ct
i
o
n
s
a
c
r
o
s
s
c
o
n
d
i
t
io
n
s
[
(
1
,
2
2
)
=
0
.
4
3
,
p
a
r
t
i
a
l
ƞ
2
=
0
.
0
2
,
=
0
.
5
2
]
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
ese
f
ig
u
r
es a
r
e;
(
a
)
m
ea
n
R
T
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
s
b
etwe
e
n
HPSA a
n
d
L
PS
A
s
u
b
jects in
th
e
em
o
tio
n
al
a
n
d
n
eu
tr
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
(
b
)
m
ea
n
E
R
P a
t th
e
p
o
o
led
f
r
o
n
tal
elec
tr
o
d
es a
t th
e
P2
0
0
win
d
o
w
i
n
d
icatin
g
h
i
g
h
er
P2
0
0
in
th
e
em
o
tio
n
al
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
n
e
u
tr
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
HPSA b
u
t n
o
t L
PS
A
s
u
b
j
ec
ts
3
.
3
.
T
he
P
2
0
0
e
m
o
t
io
na
l
s
t
r
o
o
p
ef
f
ec
t
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
s
h
o
we
d
lar
g
er
P2
0
0
am
p
litu
d
e
in
th
e
em
o
tio
n
a
l
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
n
eu
t
r
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
HPSA
s
u
b
jects
but
n
o
t
f
o
r
L
PS
A
s
u
b
jects,
in
d
icatin
g
th
e
P2
0
0
e
m
o
tio
n
al
Stro
o
p
E
R
P
ef
f
ec
t
in
HPSA
s
u
b
jects.
T
h
e
m
ea
n
v
o
ltag
e
a
m
p
litu
d
e
in
HPSA
s
u
b
jects
f
o
r
th
e
e
m
o
tio
n
al
co
n
d
itio
n
was
0
.
5
9
µV
a
n
d
0
.
1
3
µV
f
o
r
th
e
n
eu
tr
al
co
n
d
itio
n
.
T
h
e
m
ea
n
v
o
ltag
e
am
p
litu
d
e
f
o
r
L
PS
A
s
u
b
jects
f
o
r
th
e
em
o
tio
n
al
an
d
n
eu
tr
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
wer
e
1
.
2
3
µV
.
Alt
h
o
u
g
h
th
e
em
o
tio
n
al
d
if
f
er
e
n
c
es
in
am
p
litu
d
e
b
etwe
en
g
r
o
u
p
s
wer
e
a
p
p
ar
en
t
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
,
m
ix
e
d
-
d
esig
n
A
NOVA
(
em
o
tio
n
×
g
r
o
u
p
)
r
e
v
ea
led
th
at
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
wer
e
n
o
t
s
tatis
tica
lly
s
ig
n
if
ican
t [
(
1
,
2
2
)
=1
.
1
5
,
p
ar
tial ƞ
2
=
0
.
0
5
,
=
0
.
2
9
]
.
T
h
e
h
ig
h
er
P2
0
0
am
p
litu
d
e
i
n
th
e
em
o
tio
n
al
r
elat
iv
e
to
t
h
e
n
eu
tr
al
co
n
d
itio
n
in
HPSA
s
u
b
jects
in
d
icate
d
en
h
an
ce
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
to
war
d
s
th
r
ea
t sti
m
u
li.
E
m
o
tio
n
al
-
lad
en
PS
A
-
r
elate
d
cu
es
wer
e
m
o
r
e
s
alien
t in
HPSA
s
u
b
jects,
in
d
icatin
g
p
o
ten
tial
b
io
m
ar
k
e
r
in
t
h
e
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
PS
A.
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
h
e
r
e
ar
e
in
lin
e
w
ith
s
tu
d
ies
s
u
ch
as
[
1
3
]
-
[
1
5
]
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
in
in
d
iv
id
u
als
with
h
ig
h
-
tr
ait
an
x
iety
[
1
0
]
,
[
4
0
]
.
T
h
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
h
av
e
im
p
o
r
tan
t
im
p
licatio
n
s
o
f
r
e
v
ea
lin
g
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
s
ig
n
if
ican
ce
o
f
th
e
P2
0
0
wa
v
ef
o
r
m
m
o
d
u
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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Vo
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2
4
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1
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20
21
:
25
3
-
2
59
258
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
o
g
en
er
ate
m
o
r
e
s
o
p
h
is
ticated
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r
e
m
is
es,
ass
u
m
p
tio
n
s
,
s
p
ec
u
latio
n
s
an
d
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
ab
o
u
t
atten
tio
n
al
b
ias d
u
r
in
g
HPSA,
s
o
u
r
ce
lo
ca
lizatio
n
an
aly
s
is
co
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ld
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e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
in
o
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d
er
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n
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er
s
tan
d
th
e
tim
e
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u
r
s
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e
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n
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r
ain
r
e
g
i
o
n
s
in
v
o
lv
ed
i
n
atten
tio
n
b
ias.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
o
d
ate
,
th
is
is
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tu
d
y
th
at
s
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o
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d
th
e
P2
0
0
em
o
tio
n
al
Stro
o
p
-
r
elate
d
atten
tio
n
al
b
ias
i
n
HPSA
s
u
b
jects
at
th
e
f
r
o
n
tal
b
r
ain
r
e
g
io
n
,
in
d
icatin
g
a
p
o
s
s
ib
le
b
io
m
ar
k
er
in
th
e
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
atten
tio
n
al
b
ias
in
HPSA
in
d
iv
id
u
als.
At
th
e
P
2
0
0
win
d
o
w,
e
x
p
o
s
u
r
e
to
th
e
an
x
iety
-
in
d
u
cin
g
wo
r
d
s
ev
o
k
e
d
h
ig
h
er
am
p
litu
d
e
in
th
e
PS
A
-
r
elate
d
em
o
tio
n
al
co
n
d
itio
n
c
o
m
p
ar
e
d
to
th
e
n
eu
tr
al
co
n
d
itio
n
i
n
HPSA
s
u
b
jects
,
b
u
t
n
o
t
in
L
PS
A
s
u
b
jects
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
HPSA su
b
jects we
r
e
g
e
n
er
ally
s
lo
we
r
th
an
L
PS
A
s
u
b
jects th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t th
e
task
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
was
ab
le
to
d
is
t
in
g
u
is
h
b
eh
a
v
io
r
al
an
d
n
eu
r
al
ab
n
o
r
m
alities
r
elate
d
to
atten
tio
n
al
b
ias
d
u
r
in
g
PS
A.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
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er
e
h
elp
th
e
u
n
d
er
s
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g
o
f
t
h
e
b
eh
av
io
r
al
an
d
b
r
ain
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ec
h
an
is
m
s
u
n
d
er
ly
in
g
atten
tio
n
al
b
ias
in
in
d
iv
id
u
als
with
PS
A.
I
t
is
an
ticip
ated
t
h
at
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
m
ay
lead
to
f
u
tu
r
e
in
ter
d
is
cip
lin
ar
y
r
esear
ch
d
esig
n
ed
to
ass
is
t
at
th
e
d
iag
n
o
s
is
lev
el
o
f
atten
tio
n
b
ias
in
in
d
i
v
id
u
als
with
PS
A.
T
h
is
cr
ea
tes
cr
u
cial
im
p
licati
o
n
s
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
p
r
ac
tice
in
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
q
u
ality
o
f
life
am
o
n
g
p
eo
p
le
o
f
th
e
s
o
ciety
,
with
ea
r
ly
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
E
M
E
NT
S
W
e
ap
p
r
ec
iate
th
e
tim
e
an
d
ef
f
o
r
t
s
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en
t
o
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
b
y
th
e
v
o
lu
n
tee
r
s
.
W
e
ar
e
al
s
o
d
ee
p
ly
g
r
atef
u
l
to
Un
iv
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s
iti
T
ek
n
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al
Ma
lay
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(
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an
d
Pu
s
at
Pen
g
u
r
u
s
an
Pen
y
el
id
ik
an
d
an
I
n
o
v
asi
(
C
R
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UI
eM
f
o
r
s
p
o
n
s
o
r
i
n
g
th
is
s
tu
d
y
[
C
R
I
M,
UT
eM
,
PJ
P
/2
0
1
9
/
FKEK
K
(
3
D)
/S0
1
6
9
1
]
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
E.
M
.
Ba
rt
h
o
l
o
m
a
y
a
n
d
D.
D.
Ho
u
li
h
a
n
,
“
P
u
b
li
c
S
p
e
a
k
in
g
A
n
x
iet
y
S
c
a
le:
P
re
li
m
i
n
a
ry
p
sy
c
h
o
m
e
tri
c
d
a
ta
a
n
d
sc
a
le
v
a
li
d
a
ti
o
n
,
”
Per
s.
I
n
d
ivi
d
.
Dif
.
,
v
o
l.
9
4
,
p
p
.
2
1
1
-
2
1
5
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/j
.
p
a
id
.
2
0
1
6
.
0
1
.
0
2
6
.
[2
]
S
.
I.
De
v
i
a
n
d
F
.
S
.
F
e
ro
z
,
“
Ora
l
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
a
p
p
re
h
e
n
sio
n
a
n
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
v
e
c
o
m
p
e
ten
c
e
a
m
o
n
g
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
u
n
d
e
rg
ra
d
u
a
te i
n
UT
e
M
,
”
J
.
Hu
m.
C
a
p
.
De
v
.
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
0
,
2
0
0
8
.
[3
]
Ca
rlee
Arn
e
tt
a
n
d
F
e
rra
n
S
u
ñ
e
r,
“
Lev
e
ra
g
i
n
g
Co
g
n
it
iv
e
Li
n
g
u
isti
c
Ap
p
r
o
a
c
h
e
s
t
o
G
ra
m
m
a
r
Tea
c
h
in
g
with
M
u
lt
ime
d
ia A
n
ima
ti
o
n
s
,
”
J
.
Co
g
n
.
S
c
i.
(
S
e
o
u
l).
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
3
6
5
-
3
9
9
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
7
7
9
1
/j
c
s.2
0
1
9
.
2
0
.
3
.
3
6
5
.
[4
]
N.
Ah
m
e
d
,
Z.
H.
P
a
th
a
n
,
a
n
d
F
.
S
.
K
h
a
n
,
“
Ex
p
lo
ri
n
g
th
e
Ca
u
se
s
o
f
En
g
li
sh
Lan
g
u
a
g
e
S
p
e
a
k
i
n
g
An
x
iety
a
m
o
n
g
P
o
stg
ra
d
u
a
te
S
tu
d
e
n
ts
o
f
Un
iv
e
r
sity
o
f
Ba
lo
c
h
istan
,
P
a
k
ista
n
,
”
In
t.
J
.
En
g
l
ish
L
i
n
g
u
ist.
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
.
9
9
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
5
5
3
9
/
ij
e
l.
v
7
n
2
p
9
9
.
[5
]
R.
T.
Az
e
v
e
d
o
,
N.
Be
n
n
e
tt
,
A
.
Bi
li
c
k
i,
J.
Ho
o
p
e
r,
F
.
M
a
rk
o
p
o
u
l
o
u
,
a
n
d
M
.
Tsa
k
iri
s,
“
Th
e
c
a
lmin
g
e
ffe
c
t
o
f
a
n
e
w
we
a
ra
b
le
d
e
v
ice
d
u
ri
n
g
t
h
e
a
n
ti
c
ip
a
ti
o
n
o
f
p
u
b
li
c
sp
e
e
c
h
,
”
S
c
i.
Rep
.
,
v
o
l
.
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
2
2
8
5
,
De
c
.
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
3
8
/s
4
1
5
9
8
-
0
1
7
-
0
2
2
7
4
-
2
.
[6
]
E.
M
.
Ba
rt
h
o
l
o
m
a
y
a
n
d
D.
D.
Ho
u
li
h
a
n
,
“
P
u
b
li
c
S
p
e
a
k
in
g
A
n
x
iet
y
S
c
a
le :
P
re
li
m
i
n
a
ry
p
sy
c
h
o
m
e
tri
c
d
a
ta
a
n
d
sc
a
le
v
a
li
d
a
ti
o
n
,
”
Per
s.
I
n
d
ivi
d
.
Dif
.
,
v
o
l.
9
4
,
p
p
.
2
1
1
-
2
1
5
,
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/j
.
p
a
id
.
2
0
1
6
.
0
1
.
0
2
6
.
[7
]
Th
e
o
Tsa
o
u
sid
e
s,
“
W
h
y
Are
We
S
c
a
re
d
o
f
P
u
b
l
ic S
p
e
a
k
i
n
g
?
,
”
Psy
c
h
o
lo
g
y
T
o
d
a
y
,
2
0
1
7
.
[8
]
C.
B.
P
u
ll
,
“
Cu
rre
n
t
sta
tu
s
o
f
k
n
o
wle
d
g
e
o
n
p
u
b
li
c
-
sp
e
a
k
i
n
g
a
n
x
i
e
ty
,
”
Cu
rr
.
Op
i
n
.
Psy
c
h
ia
try
,
v
o
l
.
2
5
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
32
-
3
8
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
1
2
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
9
7
/Y
CO.0
b
0
1
3
e
3
2
8
3
4
e
0
6
d
c
.
[9
]
E.
M
ö
rt
b
e
rg
,
M
.
Ja
n
ss
o
n
-
F
r
ö
jma
rk
,
A.
P
e
tt
e
rss
o
n
,
a
n
d
T
.
He
n
n
li
d
-
Ore
d
ss
o
n
,
“
P
sy
c
h
o
m
e
tri
c
P
ro
p
e
rti
e
s
o
f
th
e
P
e
rso
n
a
l
Re
p
o
rt
o
f
P
u
b
li
c
S
p
e
a
k
i
n
g
An
x
iety
(
P
RP
S
A)
in
a
S
a
m
p
le
o
f
Un
i
v
e
rsity
S
tu
d
e
n
ts
in
S
we
d
e
n
,
”
I
n
t.
J
.
Co
g
n
.
T
h
e
r.
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
4
2
1
-
4
3
3
,
De
c
.
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/s
4
1
8
1
1
-
018
-
0
0
2
2
-
0
.
[1
0
]
H.
Y.
Ha
n
,
T.
G
a
n
,
P
.
Li
,
Z.
J.
L
i
,
M
.
G
u
o
,
a
n
d
S
.
M
.
Ya
o
,
“
Atten
ti
o
n
a
l
b
ias
m
o
d
u
latio
n
b
y
re
a
p
p
ra
isa
l
in
p
a
ti
e
n
ts
with
g
e
n
e
ra
li
z
e
d
a
n
x
iet
y
d
is
o
rd
e
r
:
a
n
e
v
e
n
t
-
re
late
d
p
o
ten
ti
a
l
st
u
d
y
,
”
Bra
zili
a
n
J
.
M
e
d
.
Bi
o
l.
Res
.
,
v
o
l.
4
7
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
576
-
5
8
3
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
4
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
5
9
0
/1
4
1
4
-
4
3
1
X2
0
1
4
3
6
2
2
.
[1
1
]
R.
S
.
G
u
p
ta,
A.
Ku
ja
wa
,
a
n
d
D.
R.
Va
g
o
,
“
Th
e
n
e
u
ra
l
c
h
ro
n
o
m
e
tr
y
o
f
t
h
re
a
t
-
re
late
d
a
tt
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
b
ia
s:
Ev
e
n
t
-
re
late
d
p
o
ten
ti
a
l
(ERP
)
e
v
i
d
e
n
c
e
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r
e
a
rly
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n
d
late
sta
g
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ti
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e
a
tt
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
p
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
,
”
In
t.
J
.
Psy
c
h
o
p
h
y
si
o
l.
,
v
o
l
.
1
4
6
,
p
p
.
2
0
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,
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c
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0
1
9
,
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:
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0
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6
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.
i
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sy
c
h
o
.
2
0
1
9
.
0
8
.
0
0
6
.
[1
2
]
B.
Hu
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Emo
t
io
n
Re
g
u
lat
i
n
g
Atten
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
tro
l
Ab
n
o
rm
a
li
ti
e
s
In
M
a
j
o
r
De
p
re
ss
iv
e
Diso
r
d
e
r:
An
E
v
e
n
t
-
Re
late
d
P
o
ten
t
ial
S
t
u
d
y
,
”
S
c
i
.
Re
p
.
,
v
o
l
.
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
1
3
5
3
0
,
De
c
.
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
3
8
/s
4
1
5
9
8
-
0
1
7
-
1
3
6
2
6
-
3
.
[1
3
]
S
.
J.
Th
o
m
a
s,
S
.
J.
J
o
h
n
sto
n
e
,
a
n
d
C.
J.
G
o
n
sa
lv
e
z
,
“
Ev
e
n
t
-
re
late
d
p
o
ten
t
ials
d
u
ri
n
g
a
n
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
S
tro
o
p
tas
k
,
”
In
t
.
J
.
Psy
c
h
o
p
h
y
sio
l.
,
v
o
l.
6
3
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
2
2
1
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2
3
1
,
2
0
0
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
ij
p
sy
c
h
o
.
2
0
0
6
.
1
0
.
0
0
2
.
[1
4
]
P
.
Ka
n
s
k
e
,
J.
P
li
tsc
h
k
a
,
a
n
d
S
.
a
.
K
o
tz,
“
Atten
ti
o
n
a
l
o
rien
ti
n
g
to
wa
rd
s
e
m
o
ti
o
n
:
P
2
a
n
d
N4
0
0
ER
P
e
ffe
c
ts,”
Ne
u
ro
p
sy
c
h
o
l
o
g
ia
,
v
o
l.
4
9
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
3
1
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1
-
3
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2
9
,
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0
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1
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i:
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0
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0
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6
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.
n
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c
h
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o
g
ia.2
0
1
1
.
0
7
.
0
2
2
.
[1
5
]
G
.
Ra
n
a
n
d
X.
Ch
e
n
,
“
Th
e
Im
p
a
c
t
o
f
To
p
-
Do
w
n
P
re
d
icti
o
n
o
n
Emo
ti
o
n
a
l
F
a
c
e
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
in
S
o
c
ial
An
x
iet
y
,
”
Fro
n
t.
Psy
c
h
o
l.
,
v
o
l.
8
,
Ju
l.
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
3
3
8
9
/fp
s
y
g
.
2
0
1
7
.
0
1
2
6
9
.
[1
6
]
J.
E.
F
is
h
e
r
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Ti
m
e
c
o
u
rse
o
f
p
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
st
imu
li
a
s
a
fu
n
c
ti
o
n
o
f
p
e
rc
e
iv
e
d
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
in
tell
ig
e
n
c
e
,
a
n
x
iety
,
a
n
d
d
e
p
re
ss
io
n
.
,
”
Emo
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l.
1
0
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
4
8
6
-
4
9
7
,
2
0
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0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
3
7
/a0
0
1
8
6
9
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
tten
tio
n
a
l b
ia
s
d
u
r
in
g
p
u
b
lic
s
p
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kin
g
a
n
xiety
r
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s
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ev
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-
r
ela
ted
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(
F
a
r
a
h
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F
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z
)
259
[1
7
]
P
.
Ka
n
s
k
e
a
n
d
S
.
A.
Ko
tz,
“
Eff
o
rtfu
l
c
o
n
tr
o
l,
d
e
p
re
ss
io
n
,
a
n
d
a
n
x
iety
c
o
rre
late
with
th
e
in
f
lu
e
n
c
e
o
f
e
m
o
ti
o
n
o
n
e
x
e
c
u
ti
v
e
a
tt
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
tr
o
l,
”
Bi
o
l.
Psy
c
h
o
l.
,
v
o
l.
9
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
8
8
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5
,
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0
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.
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io
p
sy
c
h
o
.
2
0
1
2
.
0
4
.
0
0
7
.
[1
8
]
F
.
S
.
F
e
ro
z
,
G
.
Leic
h
t,
J.
Ra
u
h
,
a
n
d
C.
M
u
lert,
“
Th
e
Ti
m
e
Co
u
rse
o
f
Do
rsa
l
a
n
d
Ro
stra
l
-
Ve
n
tral
An
terio
r
Cin
g
u
late
Co
rtex
Ac
ti
v
it
y
i
n
th
e
Emo
ti
o
n
a
l
S
tro
o
p
E
x
p
e
rime
n
t
Re
v
e
a
ls
Va
len
c
e
a
n
d
Aro
u
sa
l
Ab
e
rra
n
t
M
o
d
u
l
a
ti
o
n
i
n
P
a
ti
e
n
ts
with
S
c
h
izo
p
h
re
n
ia,”
Br
a
in
T
o
p
o
g
r.
,
v
o
l.
3
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
6
1
-
1
7
7
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/s
1
0
5
4
8
-
0
1
8
-
0
6
7
7
-
0
.
[1
9
]
N.
W.
He
n
n
e
ss
e
y
,
E.
Do
u
ra
d
o
,
a
n
d
J.
M
.
Be
il
b
y
,
“
An
x
iet
y
a
n
d
sp
e
a
k
in
g
i
n
p
e
o
p
le
w
h
o
stu
t
ter:
A
n
i
n
v
e
sti
g
a
ti
o
n
u
sin
g
th
e
e
m
o
t
io
n
a
l
S
tr
o
o
p
tas
k
,
”
J
.
Fl
u
e
n
c
y
Diso
r
d
.
,
2
0
1
4
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
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6
/j
.
jfl
u
d
is.
2
0
1
3
.
1
1
.
0
0
1
.
[2
0
]
R.
J.
Da
v
id
s
o
n
,
J.
R.
M
a
rs
h
a
ll
,
A.
J.
To
m
a
rk
e
n
,
a
n
d
J.
B.
He
n
riq
u
e
s,
“
Wh
il
e
a
p
h
o
b
ic
wa
it
s:
re
g
io
n
a
l
b
ra
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
a
u
to
n
o
m
ic ac
ti
v
it
y
i
n
so
c
ial
p
h
o
b
ics
d
u
rin
g
a
n
ti
c
i
p
a
ti
o
n
o
f
p
u
b
l
ic sp
e
a
k
in
g
,
”
Bi
o
l.
Psy
c
h
ia
try
,
v
o
l
.
4
7
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
8
5
-
9
5
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
0
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/S
0
0
0
6
-
3
2
2
3
(
9
9
)
0
0
2
2
2
-
X.
[2
1
]
A.
M
.
Be
re
s,
“
Ti
m
e
is
o
f
t
h
e
Esse
n
c
e
:
A
Re
v
iew
o
f
E
lec
tro
e
n
c
e
p
h
a
lo
g
ra
p
h
y
(
EE
G
)
a
n
d
E
v
e
n
t
-
Re
late
d
Bra
in
P
o
ten
ti
a
ls
(ERP
s)
i
n
La
n
g
u
a
g
e
Re
se
a
rc
h
,
”
Ap
p
l.
Psy
c
h
o
p
h
y
sio
l.
Bi
o
fee
d
b
a
c
k
,
v
o
l
.
4
2
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
2
4
7
-
2
5
5
,
De
c
.
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/s
1
0
4
8
4
-
0
1
7
-
9
3
7
1
-
3
.
[2
2
]
F
.
S
.
F
e
ro
z
,
“
Ti
m
e
Co
u
rse
o
f
th
e
Do
rsa
l
a
n
d
Ro
stra
l
-
Ve
n
tral
An
terio
r
Cin
g
u
late
Co
rte
x
Re
v
e
a
ls
th
e
In
flu
e
n
c
e
o
f
Emo
ti
o
n
a
l
Va
len
c
e
a
n
d
Aro
u
sa
l
o
n
C
o
g
n
it
i
v
e
Co
n
t
ro
l
i
n
He
a
lt
h
y
S
u
b
jec
ts
a
n
d
P
a
ti
e
n
ts
W
it
h
S
c
h
izo
p
h
re
n
ia,”
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Ha
m
b
u
rg
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
3
]
D.
P
a
n
,
Y.
Wa
n
g
,
Z.
Lei,
Y.
Wan
g
,
a
n
d
X.
L
i,
“
T
h
e
a
lt
e
re
d
e
a
rly
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
a
n
d
th
e
d
e
c
isiv
e
late
r
p
r
o
c
e
ss
u
n
d
e
rl
y
i
n
g
a
tt
e
n
ti
o
n
b
ias
m
o
d
i
fica
ti
o
n
i
n
s
o
c
ial
a
n
x
iety
:
e
v
id
e
n
c
e
f
ro
m
e
v
e
n
t
-
re
late
d
p
o
ten
ti
a
ls,”
S
o
c
.
Co
g
n
.
A
ff
e
c
t.
Ne
u
ro
sc
i.
,
v
o
l.
1
4
,
n
o
.
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
3
0
7
-
1
3
1
6
,
De
c
.
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
9
3
/
sc
a
n
/n
sz
0
9
8
.
[2
4
]
D.
Ha
p
u
t
h
a
n
t
h
ri
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
In
teg
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
F
a
c
ial
T
h
e
rm
o
g
ra
p
h
y
in
E
EG
-
b
a
se
d
Clas
sifica
ti
o
n
o
f
ASD,
”
In
t.
J
.
A
u
t
o
m.
Co
mp
u
t
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
7
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
8
3
7
-
8
5
4
,
De
c
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/s1
1
6
3
3
-
0
2
0
-
1
2
3
1
-
6.
[2
5
]
J.
A.
An
d
rz
e
jew
sk
i
a
n
d
J.
M
.
C
a
rlso
n
,
“
El
e
c
tro
c
o
rti
c
a
l
re
sp
o
n
se
s
a
ss
o
c
iate
d
with
a
tt
e
n
ti
o
n
b
ias
to
fe
a
rfu
l
fa
c
ial
e
x
p
re
ss
io
n
s
a
n
d
a
u
d
it
o
r
y
d
istre
ss
sig
n
a
ls,”
In
t.
J
.
Psy
c
h
o
p
h
y
s
io
l.
,
v
o
l
.
1
5
1
,
p
p
.
9
4
-
1
0
2
,
M
a
y
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j.
ij
p
sy
c
h
o
.
2
0
2
0
.
0
2
.
0
1
4
.
[2
6
]
K.
Ko
to
ws
k
i,
K.
S
tap
o
r
,
J.
Les
k
i
,
a
n
d
M
.
Ko
tas
,
“
Va
li
d
a
t
io
n
o
f
E
m
o
ti
v
E
P
OC
+
fo
r
e
x
trac
ti
n
g
ER
P
c
o
rre
late
s
o
f
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
fa
c
e
p
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
,
”
Bi
o
c
y
b
e
rn
.
Bi
o
me
d
.
E
n
g
.
,
v
o
l.
3
8
,
n
o
.
4
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j.
b
b
e
.
2
0
1
8
.
0
6
.
0
0
6
.
[2
7
]
R.
C.
Ol
d
field
,
“
Th
e
a
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
a
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
h
a
n
d
e
d
n
e
ss
:
T
h
e
Ed
in
b
u
r
g
h
in
v
e
n
t
o
ry
,
”
Ne
u
ro
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sy
c
h
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l
.
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9
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2
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1
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0
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-
4
.
[2
8
]
J.
F
.
Ve
a
le,
“
E
d
in
b
u
r
g
h
Ha
n
d
e
d
n
e
ss
In
v
e
n
to
r
y
-
S
h
o
rt
F
o
rm
:
A
re
v
ise
d
v
e
rsio
n
b
a
se
d
o
n
c
o
n
f
i
rm
a
to
ry
fa
c
to
r
a
n
a
ly
sis,”
L
a
ter
a
li
ty
Asy
mm
e
tries
Bo
d
y
,
Bra
in
Co
g
n
.
,
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.
1
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0
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3
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7
8
3
0
4
5
.
[2
9
]
M
a
n
d
e
v
i
ll
e
M
Y,
“
Us
in
g
a
Un
iq
u
e
Co
g
n
i
ti
v
e
Ap
p
ro
a
c
h
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n
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,
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[3
0
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.
S
.
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ro
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.
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.
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tein
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C
.
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d
re
o
u
,
a
n
d
C
.
M
u
lert,
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Th
e
Ti
m
e
Co
u
rse
o
f
Ac
ti
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wi
th
in
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e
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stra
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n
tral
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teri
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late
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rtex
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Emo
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l
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tro
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p
Tas
k
,
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i
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o
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,
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p
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0
5
2
1
-
3
.
[3
1
]
A.
De
lo
rm
e
,
J.
P
a
lme
r,
J.
O
n
to
n
,
R.
O
o
ste
n
v
e
l
d
,
a
n
d
S
.
M
a
k
e
ig
,
“
In
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
EE
G
S
o
u
rc
e
s
Are
Dip
o
lar,”
PL
o
S
On
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,
v
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l.
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o
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e
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rn
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0
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5
.
[3
2
]
A.
De
lo
rm
e
a
n
d
S
.
M
a
k
e
i
g
,
“
EE
G
LAB:
a
n
o
p
e
n
so
u
rc
e
to
o
lb
o
x
f
o
r
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n
a
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f
sin
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le
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tri
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l
EE
G
d
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m
ics
in
c
lu
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in
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n
d
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t
c
o
m
p
o
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e
n
t
a
n
a
l
y
s
is,”
J
.
Ne
u
ro
sc
i.
M
e
th
o
d
s
,
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l.
1
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4
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o
.
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p
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th
.
2
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1
0
.
0
0
9
.
[3
3
]
S
.
M
a
k
e
ig
a
n
d
J.
On
t
o
n
,
“
ERP
f
e
a
tu
re
s
a
n
d
EE
G
d
y
n
a
m
ics
:
An
ICA
p
e
rsp
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c
ti
v
e
,
”
in
Ox
fo
rd
Ha
n
d
b
o
o
k
o
f
Eve
n
t
-
Rela
ted
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ts
,
S
.
J.
L
u
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d
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.
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1
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0
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0
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3
5
.
[3
4
]
J.
On
to
n
a
n
d
S
.
M
a
k
e
ig
,
“
In
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
-
b
a
se
d
m
o
d
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li
n
g
o
f
e
v
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n
t
-
re
late
d
b
ra
in
d
y
n
a
m
ics
,
”
in
Pr
o
g
re
ss
in
Bra
i
n
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
1
5
9
,
2
0
0
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,
p
p
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9
9
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o
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9
-
6
1
2
3
(
0
6
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9
0
0
7
-
7
.
[3
5
]
J.
Lo
p
e
z
-
Ca
ld
e
ro
n
a
n
d
S
.
J.
L
u
c
k
,
“
ERP
LAB:
a
n
o
p
e
n
-
s
o
u
rc
e
to
o
l
b
o
x
f
o
r
th
e
a
n
a
ly
sis
o
f
e
v
e
n
t
-
re
late
d
p
o
ten
ti
a
ls,”
Fro
n
t.
Hu
m.
Ne
u
r
o
sc
i.
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
Ap
r.
2
0
1
4
,
d
o
i:
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0
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3
3
8
9
/fn
h
u
m
.
2
0
1
4
.
0
0
2
1
3
.
[3
6
]
S
.
M
a
x
we
ll
,
“
P
a
irwise
m
u
lt
i
p
le
c
o
m
p
a
riso
n
s
in
re
p
e
a
ted
m
e
a
su
re
s
d
e
sig
n
s,”
J
.
Ed
u
c
.
Be
h
a
v
.
S
t
a
t.
,
v
o
l.
5
,
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o
.
3
,
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p
.
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o
i:
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2
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4
9
6
9
.
[3
7
]
I.
H.
G
o
tl
ib
a
n
d
C.
D.
M
c
Ca
n
n
,
“
Co
n
stru
c
t
a
c
c
e
ss
ib
il
it
y
a
n
d
d
e
p
re
ss
io
n
:
a
n
e
x
a
m
in
a
ti
o
n
o
f
c
o
g
n
it
i
v
e
a
n
d
a
ffe
c
ti
v
e
fa
c
to
rs,”
J
.
Per
s.
S
o
c
.
Psy
c
h
o
l.
,
v
o
l.
4
7
,
n
o
.
2
,
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p
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g
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.
[3
8
]
G
.
An
d
e
rss
o
n
,
R.
Ba
k
h
s
h
,
L.
Jo
h
a
n
ss
o
n
,
V.
Ka
ld
o
,
a
n
d
P
.
Ca
rlb
r
i
n
g
,
“
S
tr
o
o
p
F
a
c
il
it
a
ti
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n
i
n
Ti
n
n
it
u
s
P
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ti
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n
ts:
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Ex
p
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rime
n
t
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o
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d
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ted
v
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.
[3
9
]
T.
M
.
S
u
tt
o
n
a
n
d
J.
Altarrib
a
,
“
F
in
d
in
g
th
e
p
o
siti
v
e
in
a
ll
o
f
t
h
e
n
e
g
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ti
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e
:
F
a
c
il
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a
ti
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f
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-
r
e
late
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e
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o
ti
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wo
rd
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a
ti
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p
rimin
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p
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ra
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ig
m
,
”
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a
Psy
c
h
o
l.
(A
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S
.
Ya
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t
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l.
,
“
Th
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latio
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.
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