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:
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[
1
1
]
.
A
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pt
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[
12]
-
[
14]
.
T
h
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m
a
s
s
i
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gr
o
w
t
h
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f
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v
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[
15]
.
L
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d
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b
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d
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n
l
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a
r
ni
n
g
[
16]
,
[
17]
.
S
M
K
Ne
ge
r
i
1
S
o
ut
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B
ul
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n
go
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m
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t
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put
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k
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m
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a
l
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a
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f
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a
s
a
l
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ge
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f
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ly
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f
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a
d
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pr
a
c
t
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m
[
18]
,
[
19]
,
a
n
d
a
l
s
o
a
s
a
n
i
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
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t
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pr
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v
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t
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s
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s
t
ude
n
t
l
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a
r
ni
ng
i
n
t
e
r
e
s
t
[
20]
,
[
21]
,
i
n
c
o
nj
u
n
c
t
i
o
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w
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t
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t
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h
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t
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r
t
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r
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k
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B
o
n
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B
o
l
a
n
go
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
.
2.
M
E
T
HO
D
AR
-
b
a
s
e
d
l
e
a
r
ni
ng
m
e
d
i
a
r
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s
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r
c
h
a
n
d
de
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dur
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r
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w
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k
to
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l
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bj
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c
t
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us
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m
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im
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d
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a
de
ve
l
o
p
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n
t
l
i
f
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c
y
c
l
e
de
v
e
l
o
p
men
t
m
o
de
l
o
r
(
M
DL
C
)
.
T
h
e
M
DL
C
m
o
de
l
ha
s
s
ix
s
t
a
ge
s
:
c
o
n
c
e
pt
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de
s
i
g
n
,
m
a
t
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r
i
a
l
c
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l
l
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t
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g,
a
s
s
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m
bly
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t
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n
d
d
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r
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b
ut
i
o
n
a
s
s
h
o
wn
i
n
F
i
gur
e
1
[
22]
,
[
23
]
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RE
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D
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a
w
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3.
1.
AR
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s
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ap
p
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t
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2
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2(
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(
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gur
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2
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t
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3
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y
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m
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t
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3(
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3(
b
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d
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[
1]
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3]
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-
ba
s
e
d
a
r
a
bi
c
l
e
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r
ni
ng a
t
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uha
m
ma
di
y
a
h 5
P
a
le
mba
ng S
e
ni
o
r
H
ig
h S
c
h
oo
l,
”
J
O
A
W
,
vol
. 1, n
o
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–
124, J
ul
. 2022, do
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.
v
1
i3
.9.
[
5]
R
.
M
.
G
a
gne
,
W
.
W
.
W
a
ge
r
,
K
.
G
o
la
s
,
a
nd
J
.
M
.
K
e
ll
e
r
,
P
r
in
c
ip
le
s
of
I
ns
t
r
uc
ti
onal
D
e
s
ig
n
,
5t
h
e
di
ti
o
n.
B
e
lm
o
n
t,
C
a
.:
C
e
ng
a
ge
L
e
a
r
ni
ng, 20
04.
[
6]
O
.
M
.
V
e
nt
is
ta
a
nd
C
.
B
r
o
w
n,
“
T
e
a
c
he
r
s
’
pr
of
e
s
s
i
o
na
l
l
e
a
r
ni
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g
a
nd
it
s
im
pa
c
t
o
n
s
tu
d
e
nt
s
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l
e
a
r
ni
ng
o
u
tc
o
m
e
s
:
f
in
di
ngs
f
r
om
a
s
y
s
te
ma
ti
c
r
e
v
i
e
w
,”
Soc
ia
l
Sc
ie
nc
e
s
&
H
um
ani
ti
e
s
O
pe
n
, v
o
l.
8
, no
. 1, p. 100565, J
a
n. 2023, do
i
:
10.1016/j
.s
s
a
ho
.2023.10056
5.
[
7]
S
.
W
a
ng
e
t
al
.
,
“
W
he
n
a
da
pt
i
ve
l
e
a
r
ni
ng
is
e
f
f
e
c
ti
ve
l
e
a
r
n
in
g:
c
o
mpa
r
is
o
n
of
a
n
a
da
pt
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v
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le
a
r
ni
ng
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y
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t
e
m
t
o
t
e
a
c
h
e
r
-
le
d
in
s
tr
uc
ti
o
n,”
I
nt
e
r
ac
ti
v
e
L
e
ar
ni
ng E
nv
ir
onm
e
nt
s
, v
o
l.
31, n
o
. 2,
pp. 793
–
803, F
e
b. 2023, d
o
i:
10.1080/10494820.
2020.1808794.
[
8]
C
.
W
.
H
oe
r
ud
in
,
S
.
S
y
a
f
r
uddi
n,
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.
M
a
y
a
s
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i,
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.
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udi
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n
d
S
.
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ta
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l
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le
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e
di
a
in
n
ov
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ti
o
n
is
la
mi
c
e
du
c
a
ti
o
n,”
Q
A
L
A
M
U
N
A
:
J
ur
nal
P
e
ndi
di
k
an,
Sos
ia
l,
dan
A
gam
a
,
v
ol
.
15,
no
.
1,
pp.
723
–
734,
J
un.
2
023,
do
i:
10.37680/qala
muna
.
v
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66.
[
9]
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.
G
r
e
e
ni
e
r
,
J
.
F
a
th
i,
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nd
S
.
-
F
.
B
e
h
z
a
dpoor
,
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e
a
c
h
in
g
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or
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ti
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n
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ve
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ol
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l
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li
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te
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te
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c
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ng
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nt
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ia
s
m,
a
nd
me
ta
c
o
gni
ti
o
n,”
T
h
in
k
in
g
S
k
il
ls
and
C
r
e
at
iv
it
y
,
vo
l.
50,
p.
101419,
D
e
c
.
20
23,
do
i:
10.1016/j
.
ts
c
.2023.101419.
[
10]
J
.
T
a
ng
e
t
al
.
,
“
C
r
e
di
t
a
nd
qua
li
t
y
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t
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ll
ig
e
nt
l
e
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ni
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r
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he
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or
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k
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ti
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mul
ti
me
di
a
M
C
S
,”
I
nf
or
m
at
io
n Sc
ie
nc
e
s
, v
o
l.
647, p. 119444,
N
ov
. 2023, d
o
i:
10.1016/j
.i
ns
.2023.119444.
[
11]
I
.
S
.
P
r
a
m
e
s
w
o
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o
,
D
.
S
e
mbi
r
in
g,
M
.
S
a
r
ip
,
E
.
L
ol
a
ng,
a
nd
I
.
F
a
th
ur
r
oc
hma
n,
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de
nt
i
f
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c
a
ti
o
n
o
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n
e
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o
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or
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y
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c
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o
r
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u
c
c
e
s
s
f
ul
t
e
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c
hi
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ll
e
n
ni
a
l
ge
n
e
r
a
ti
o
n
e
nt
e
r
in
g
21s
t
c
e
nt
u
r
y
e
du
c
a
ti
o
n,”
J
ur
nal
I
qr
a’
:
K
aj
ia
n I
lmu
P
e
ndi
di
k
an
, vol
. 8, n
o
. 1, pp. 350
–
370, Aug. 2023, do
i:
10.25217/j
i.
v
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[
12]
R
.
H
.
D
a
i,
A
.
H
e
r
mi
la
,
a
nd
R
.
T
.
R
.
L
.
B
a
u,
“
T
h
e
c
o
nt
r
ib
ut
i
o
n
of
di
gi
ta
l
li
te
r
a
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y
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o
mp
e
te
n
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e
t
o
th
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uc
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s
s
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us
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g
e
-
l
e
a
r
ni
n
g
a
s
a
s
uppo
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t
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or
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ta
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g
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l
e
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r
ni
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pr
e
s
e
nt
e
d
a
t
th
e
5t
h
V
oc
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ti
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na
l
E
du
c
a
ti
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n
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nt
e
r
na
ti
o
na
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
(
V
E
I
C
-
5
20
23)
,
A
tl
a
nt
is
P
r
e
s
s
, F
e
b. 2024, pp. 1448
–
1452. d
o
i:
10.2991/978
-
2
-
3
8476
-
198
-
2_205.
[
13]
B
.
B
e
r
me
j
o
e
t
al
.
,
“
A
R
/VR
te
a
c
hi
ng
-
l
e
a
r
ni
ng
e
x
p
e
r
i
e
n
c
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s
ti
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ns
(
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E
I
)
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s
y
s
t
e
ma
ti
c
li
t
e
r
a
tu
r
e
r
e
v
i
e
w
,”
I
nf
or
m
at
ic
s
, v
ol
. 10, n
o
. 2, Ar
t.
n
o
. 2,
pp.
45
,
J
un. 2023, doi:
10
.3390/i
n
f
o
r
ma
ti
c
s
10020045.
[
14]
F
.
S
a
lv
e
tt
i,
T
.
L
.
C
a
ps
ha
w
,
L
.
Z
a
ni
n,
K
.
C
.
O
’
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o
nn
or
,
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.
Z
e
ng
,
a
nd
B
.
B
e
r
ta
gni
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T
h
e
G
W
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o
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l
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l
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ni
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e
nt
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r
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l
it
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n
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me
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iv
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te
r
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c
ti
ve
le
a
r
ni
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s
e
tt
in
g,”
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
o
f
A
dv
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c
e
d
C
or
por
at
e
L
e
ar
ni
ng
(
iJ
A
C
)
,
v
ol
.
16,
no
. 2, Ar
t.
n
o
. 2,
pp. 93
-
108,
M
a
y
2023, d
o
i:
10.3991/i
ja
c
.
v
16i
2
.35737.
[
15]
K
.
A
l
-
S
a
id
,
“
I
n
f
lu
e
nc
e
of
te
a
c
h
e
r
o
n
s
t
ude
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m
o
ti
v
a
ti
o
n:
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ni
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c
r
e
a
s
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t
i
v
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ti
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l
f
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t
or
s
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in
g
m
o
bi
l
e
l
e
a
r
ni
n
g,”
E
duc
I
nf
T
e
c
hnol
, v
ol
. 28, n
o
. 10, pp. 13439
–
13457, Oc
t.
2023,
do
i:
10.1007/s
10639
-
023
-
11720
-
w.
[
16]
H
.
S
a
nul
it
a
,
D
.
H
e
nd
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i
y
a
n
t
o
,
N
.
C
.
L
e
s
ta
r
i,
A
.
R
a
ml
i,
a
nd
O
.
A
r
i
f
udi
n,
“
A
na
l
y
s
is
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th
e
e
f
f
e
c
ti
ve
n
e
s
s
of
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udi
o
v
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ua
l
le
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r
n
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g
me
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s
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f
la
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us
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ge
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c
r
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a
s
in
g
s
tu
de
nt
le
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r
ni
ng
m
o
ti
v
a
ti
o
n,”
J
our
nal
on
E
duc
at
i
on
,
vo
l.
6, n
o
. 2, Ar
t.
n
o
. 2,
pp.
12641
-
12650
,
J
a
n. 2024, do
i:
10.31
004/
jo
e
.
v
6i
2.5121.
[
17]
P
.
A
.
S
a
put
r
o
a
nd
M
.
M
if
ta
huddin,
“
D
e
ve
l
o
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e
nt
of
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ma
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t
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r
e
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t
o
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3
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A
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ni
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ni
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s
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o
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nt
s
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te
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le
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a
t
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e
ni
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r
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ig
h
S
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h
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l
3
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a
ge
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nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
E
duc
at
io
n
T
r
e
nd
I
s
s
ue
s
,
v
o
l.
2,
n
o
.
2,
A
r
t.
no.
2,
pp. 193
-
211,
A
pr
. 2024, d
o
i:
10.56442/i
e
ti
.
v
2i
2.555.
[
18]
S
.
O
ue
id
a
,
P
.
A
w
a
d,
a
nd
C
.
M
a
tt
a
r
,
“
A
ugme
nt
e
d
r
e
a
li
t
y
a
w
a
r
e
ne
s
s
a
nd
la
te
s
t
a
ppl
i
c
a
ti
o
ns
in
e
duc
a
ti
o
n:
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r
e
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i
e
w
,”
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
of
E
m
e
r
gi
ng T
e
c
hnol
ogi
e
s
i
n L
e
a
r
ni
ng (
iJ
E
T
)
,
vo
l.
18,
no
. 13, Ar
t.
n
o
. 13, J
ul
. 2023, d
o
i:
10.3991/i
je
t.
v
18
i1
3.39021.
[
19]
T
.
N
.
F
it
r
ia
,
“
A
ugme
nt
e
d
r
e
a
li
t
y
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A
R
)
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nd
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r
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l
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l
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V
R
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o
l
o
g
y
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e
du
c
a
ti
o
n:
m
e
di
a
of
te
a
c
hi
ng
a
nd
le
a
r
ni
ng:
a
r
e
v
i
e
w
,”
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nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
of
C
om
put
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r
and
I
nf
or
m
at
io
n
Sy
s
te
m
(
I
J
C
I
S)
,
vo
l.
4,
n
o
.
1,
A
r
t.
n
o
.
1,
pp.
14
-
25,
F
e
b.
20
23,
do
i:
10.29040/i
jc
is
.
v
4i
1.102.
[
20]
X.
-
M
.
W
a
ng,
Q
.
-
N
.
H
u,
G
.
-
J
.
H
w
a
ng,
a
nd
X
.
-
H
.
Y
u,
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L
e
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r
ni
ng
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di
gi
ta
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o
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o
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y
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li
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nt
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l
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o
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ti
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n
,
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nd
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hi
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ve
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e
nt
in
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o
l
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o
gr
a
m,”
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nt
e
r
ac
ti
v
e
L
e
ar
n
in
g
E
nv
ir
onm
e
nt
s
, v
o
l.
31, n
o
. 10, pp. 6988
–
7004, D
e
c
. 2023, d
o
i:
10.1080/10494820.2
022.2057549.
[
21]
T
.
K
o
pa
r
a
n,
H
.
D
in
a
r
,
E
.
T
.
K
o
pa
r
a
n,
a
nd
Z
.
S
.
H
a
ld
a
n,
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nt
e
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ti
ng
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ugme
nt
e
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r
e
a
li
t
y
in
t
o
ma
th
e
ma
ti
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s
t
e
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c
hi
ng
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nd
le
a
r
n
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g
a
nd e
x
a
mi
ni
ng i
ts
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
n
e
s
s
,”
T
hi
nk
in
g Sk
il
ls
and C
r
e
at
iv
it
y
, vo
l.
47, p. 101245, M
a
r
. 2023, d
o
i:
10.1016/j
.t
s
c
.2023.101245
.
[
22]
D
.
S
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.
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li
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nd
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.
S
id
a
ur
uk,
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P
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me
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E
G
A
M
-
J
E
T
I
A
,
vo
l.
10, n
o
. 47, Ar
t.
n
o
. 47,
pp. 115
-
123,
J
ul
. 2024, do
i:
10.5935/j
e
ti
a
.
v
10i
47.1112.
[
23]
A
. C
. L
ut
h
e
r
,
A
ut
hor
in
g I
nt
e
r
ac
ti
v
e
M
ul
ti
m
e
di
a
. A
P
P
r
of
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s
s
io
n
a
l,
1994.
[
24]
J
.
L
óp
e
z
-
B
e
lm
o
nt
e
,
A
.
-
J
.
M
or
e
n
o
-
G
ue
r
r
e
r
o
,
J
.
-
A
.
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ópe
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-
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úñe
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nd
F
.
-
J
.
H
in
o
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o
-
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u
c
e
na
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ugm
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s
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nt
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nv
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nt
s
,
vo
l.
31,
n
o
.
4,
pp.
1860
–
1874,
M
a
y
20
23,
do
i:
10.1080/10494820.
202
0.1859546.
[
25]
Y
.
D
.
C
a
r
o
li
na
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ugme
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r
e
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o
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de
gur
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ur
nal
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ar
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lmi
ah G
ur
u
, v
o
l.
8, n
o
. 1, Ar
t.
no
. 1,
pp. 10
-
16,
2023, d
o
i
:
10.51169/i
d
e
gur
u.
v
8i
1.448.
[
26]
J
.
B
uc
hn
e
r
a
nd
M
.
K
e
r
r
e
s
,
“
M
e
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is
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”
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om
put
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s
&
E
duc
at
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n
, vo
l.
195, pp. 1
–
12, Apr
. 2023, d
oi
:
10
.1016/j
.c
o
mp
e
du.2022.104711.
[
27]
B
.
S
e
ti
a
w
a
n,
R
.
R
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ul
la
h,
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.
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.
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.
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.
S
uga
ndi
,
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.
I
a
s
ha
,
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ugme
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l
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n t
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o
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ve
s
t
y
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,”
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our
nal
of
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ig
he
r
E
duc
at
io
n T
he
or
y
and P
r
ac
ti
c
e
,
vo
l.
23, n
o
. 10, Ar
t.
n
o
. 10,
pp.60
-
71
J
ul
. 2023, doi:
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he
tp
.
v
23i
10.6182.
[
28]
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.
Y
a
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al
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ugme
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U
R
A
SI
A
J
M
a
th
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,
vo
l.
19, n
o
. 8, p.
e
m2
313, Aug. 2023, do
i:
10.29333/
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jm
s
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e
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3436.
[
29]
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.
S
o
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.
1,
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r
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o
.
1,
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31
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38
,
J
a
n. 2023, do
i:
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o
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c
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x
.
v
4i
1.118.
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31]
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. 5,
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2766
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a
n. 2023, do
i:
10.3390/app130527
66.
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32]
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