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1227
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i
c
a
t
i
o
n
m
e
c
h
a
ni
s
m
s
,
i
n
t
r
us
i
o
n
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
(
I
DS)
,
a
n
d
s
e
c
ur
e
r
o
u
t
i
n
g
pr
oto
c
o
l
s
i
n
s
a
f
e
gua
r
d
i
n
g
c
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
uc
t
u
r
e
a
n
d
s
e
r
vi
c
e
s
by
D
Do
S
a
tt
a
c
k
.
Ahm
a
d
e
t
al.
[
8
]
a
ddr
e
s
s
e
s
t
h
e
gr
o
wi
n
g
c
h
a
ll
e
nge
s
i
n
ne
t
wor
k
s
e
c
ur
i
t
y
a
n
d
f
o
c
us
e
s
o
n
I
DS
t
h
a
t
i
ns
pe
c
t
n
e
t
wo
r
k
tr
a
f
f
i
c
to
e
n
s
ur
e
i
t
s
c
o
nf
i
d
e
n
t
i
a
l
i
t
y
,
i
n
t
e
gr
i
t
y
,
a
n
d
a
va
i
l
a
bil
i
t
y
.
T
h
e
w
o
r
k
pr
e
s
e
n
t
s
m
a
c
hi
ne
l
e
a
r
ni
ng
(
M
L
)
a
n
d
d
e
e
p
l
e
a
r
ni
ng
(
DL
)
-
ba
s
e
d
I
DS
a
s
pot
e
n
t
i
a
l
s
o
l
ut
i
o
n
s
,
o
f
f
e
r
i
n
g
a
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
t
i
c
r
e
vi
e
w
o
f
r
e
c
e
n
t
a
dv
a
nc
e
m
e
n
t
s
i
n
t
h
e
s
e
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
f
o
r
NI
DS.
C
ha
l
l
e
nge
s
o
f
m
a
i
n
t
a
i
n
i
ng
s
e
c
ur
i
t
y
a
n
d
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
nc
e
i
n
W
S
Ns
a
r
e
a
l
s
o
r
e
por
t
e
d
[9
]
.
I
t
h
i
g
hli
g
h
t
s
t
h
e
i
na
de
qua
c
y
o
f
t
r
a
d
i
t
i
o
na
l
s
e
c
ur
i
t
y
m
e
c
h
a
ni
s
m
s
f
o
r
W
S
Ns
,
w
hi
c
h
a
r
e
pr
o
n
e
to
i
s
s
ue
s
li
ke
n
o
de
s
m
i
s
b
e
h
a
vi
o
r
a
n
d
v
u
l
ne
r
a
bil
i
t
i
e
s
to
v
a
r
i
o
us
a
tt
a
c
ks
.
T
o
o
v
e
r
c
o
m
e
t
h
e
s
e
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s
,
a
f
uz
z
y
l
o
g
i
c
[
1
0
]
,
f
u
l
ly
d
i
s
t
r
i
but
e
d
t
r
us
t
m
a
n
a
ge
m
e
n
t
s
y
s
t
e
m
(
DT
M
S
)
.
W
h
e
r
e
DT
M
S
d
i
s
t
i
n
gu
i
s
he
s
i
t
s
e
lf
f
r
o
m
e
xi
s
t
i
n
g
T
M
S
s
t
h
r
o
ugh
i
t
s
f
uz
z
y
-
n
a
t
ur
e
t
r
us
t
c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
,
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
tr
us
t
c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
pr
o
c
e
du
r
e
,
a
n
d
tr
us
t
f
o
r
e
c
a
s
t
i
n
g
c
a
pa
bil
i
t
y
.
I
t
i
n
t
e
gr
a
t
e
s
di
r
e
c
t
a
n
d
i
nd
i
r
e
c
t
t
r
us
t,
c
o
m
bi
n
i
ng
pa
s
t
m
i
s
b
e
h
a
vi
o
r
w
i
t
h
c
ur
r
e
n
t
s
t
a
t
us
to
r
o
b
us
t
l
y
e
va
l
u
a
t
e
tr
us
t
w
o
r
t
h
i
ne
s
s
.
E
a
c
h
n
o
de
i
n
DT
M
S
m
o
ni
t
o
r
s
i
t
s
ne
i
g
hb
o
r
s
'
be
h
a
vi
o
r
,
c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e
s
t
h
e
i
r
t
r
us
t
w
o
r
t
hi
n
e
s
s
,
a
n
d
c
a
n
e
v
e
n
f
o
r
e
c
a
s
t
f
ut
ur
e
t
r
us
t
v
a
l
ue
s
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
's
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
,
i
n
t
e
r
m
s
o
f
e
ne
r
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
pt
i
o
n
,
a
c
c
ur
a
c
y
,
s
c
a
l
a
bil
i
t
y
,
f
a
u
l
t
t
o
l
e
r
a
n
c
e
,
a
n
d
e
x
e
c
ut
i
o
n
s
p
e
e
d,
i
s
de
m
o
n
s
t
r
a
t
e
d
.
T
h
e
m
e
s
s
a
ge
a
n
a
ly
s
e
r
s
c
he
m
e
(
M
A
S
)
c
a
n
de
t
e
c
t
c
o
m
pr
o
m
i
s
e
d
s
e
ns
o
r
n
o
de
s
s
us
c
e
pt
i
bl
e
to
DD
oS
a
tt
a
c
ks
a
n
d
i
de
n
t
i
f
y
m
a
li
c
i
o
u
s
m
e
s
s
a
ge
s
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
t
t
e
d
to
t
h
e
b
a
s
e
s
t
a
t
i
o
n
[
11
]
.
T
hi
s
s
c
h
e
m
e
s
t
a
n
ds
o
ut
f
o
r
i
t
s
a
bil
i
t
y
t
o
di
s
t
i
n
gu
i
s
h
b
e
t
we
e
n
l
e
g
i
t
im
a
t
e
a
n
d
c
o
m
pr
o
m
i
s
e
d
m
e
s
s
a
ge
s
,
t
h
us
m
i
n
im
i
z
i
ng
c
o
m
put
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
c
o
ns
u
m
pt
i
o
n
,
a
n
d
e
nha
n
c
i
ng
m
e
s
s
a
ge
a
ut
h
e
n
t
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
.
T
h
e
wor
k
e
m
p
ha
s
i
z
e
s
t
h
e
n
e
c
e
s
s
i
t
y
o
f
s
e
c
ur
i
ng
d
a
ta
pa
c
k
e
t
s
f
r
o
m
s
ou
r
c
e
n
ode
s
to
d
e
s
t
i
n
a
t
i
o
n
n
ode
s
,
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
n
g
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
s
l
i
ke
da
ta
a
u
t
h
e
n
t
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
i
n
t
e
g
r
i
t
y
.
I
t
u
t
i
l
i
z
e
s
a
h
a
s
h
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
p
r
e
-
sh
a
r
e
d
ke
y
s
f
or
e
n
c
r
y
p
t
i
o
n
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
d
a
ta
a
u
t
h
e
n
t
i
c
i
t
y
a
n
d
i
n
t
e
gr
i
t
y
.
I
nv
e
s
t
i
ga
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
c
h
a
ll
e
n
ge
s
a
n
d
a
d
v
a
nc
e
m
e
n
t
s
i
n
I
DS
s
pe
c
i
f
i
c
a
ll
y
de
s
i
g
n
e
d
f
o
r
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
r
n
e
t
o
f
t
hi
n
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
i
s
o
b
s
e
r
v
e
d
i
n
p
a
pe
r
[
12
]
.
T
h
e
wor
k
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
s
a
n
o
v
e
l
s
o
f
t
wa
r
e
-
de
f
i
ne
d
I
DS
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
ut
e
d
c
l
o
ud
a
r
c
hi
t
e
c
t
ur
e
,
a
i
m
e
d
a
t
c
r
e
a
t
i
n
g
a
s
e
c
ur
e
I
o
T
e
n
vi
r
o
nm
e
n
t
.
T
h
e
pa
pe
r
hi
g
hli
g
h
t
s
t
h
e
i
m
po
r
t
a
n
c
e
o
f
s
e
c
ur
i
n
g
da
t
a
pa
c
ke
t
s
f
r
o
m
s
o
ur
c
e
to
de
s
t
i
n
a
t
i
o
n
,
i
n
c
o
r
por
a
ti
ng
da
t
a
a
u
t
h
e
n
t
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
a
n
d
i
n
t
e
gr
i
t
y
m
e
a
s
ur
e
s
t
o
mi
t
i
ga
t
e
t
h
e
t
h
r
e
a
t
s
.
T
h
e
f
ut
ur
e
di
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
i
nc
l
ude
s
de
v
e
l
o
p
in
g
m
o
r
e
r
o
b
us
t
a
n
d
r
e
l
i
a
bl
e
I
DS
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
s
pe
c
i
f
i
c
a
l
l
y
t
a
i
l
o
r
e
d
f
o
r
t
h
e
di
v
e
r
s
e
a
n
d
gr
o
wi
n
g
f
i
e
l
d
o
f
I
o
T
.
A
n
o
t
h
e
r
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
f
o
c
us
e
s
o
n
m
a
n
a
g
i
ng
DD
o
S
a
tt
a
c
ks
i
n
W
S
N
s
[
13
].
T
h
e
i
r
m
a
i
n
c
o
n
t
r
i
b
ut
i
o
n
i
s
t
h
e
de
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
tr
a
c
e
b
a
c
k
t
e
c
h
ni
que
(
T
B
T
)
to
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
un
wa
n
t
e
d
t
r
a
f
f
i
c
a
n
d
r
e
duc
e
t
h
e
im
pa
c
t
o
f
DD
o
S
f
l
o
o
d
a
tt
a
c
ks
.
T
hi
s
t
e
c
hni
que
a
im
s
t
o
de
t
e
c
t
DD
o
S
a
tt
a
c
ks
w
i
t
h
hi
g
h
r
e
l
i
a
bil
i
t
y
,
a
n
d
o
pe
r
a
t
e
s
i
n
a
di
s
t
r
i
b
ut
e
d
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
m
o
de
,
a
tt
e
m
pt
i
n
g
to
f
il
t
e
r
o
u
t
m
o
s
t
a
tt
a
c
k
pa
c
ke
t
s
wi
t
h
o
ut
c
o
m
pr
o
m
i
s
i
ng
t
h
e
qua
l
i
t
y
o
f
l
e
g
i
t
im
a
t
e
t
r
a
f
f
i
c
.
T
he
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
e
t
h
a
t
i
t
s
i
g
ni
f
i
c
a
n
t
l
y
r
e
duc
e
s
DD
o
S
-
b
a
s
e
d
f
l
o
o
d
a
tt
a
c
ks
o
n
a
l
a
r
ge
s
c
a
l
e
.
T
h
e
s
t
udy
o
f
DD
o
S
a
tt
a
c
k
de
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
m
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
s
t
r
a
t
e
gi
e
s
i
n
W
S
N
s
,
whi
c
h
g
i
v
e
s
t
h
e
o
v
e
r
vi
e
w
o
f
v
a
r
i
o
us
a
tt
a
c
k
de
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
m
e
c
h
a
ni
s
m
s
s
uc
h
a
s
UD
P
f
l
o
o
d
a
tt
a
c
k
de
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
,
s
m
u
r
f
DD
o
S
a
tt
a
c
k
de
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
,
a
n
d
ot
h
e
r
s
,
a
n
a
l
y
z
i
ng
t
h
e
i
r
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
n
e
s
s
a
n
d
l
i
mi
t
a
t
i
o
ns
i
n
t
e
r
m
s
o
f
e
n
e
r
g
y
c
o
ns
u
m
p
t
i
o
n
a
nd
re
s
o
ur
c
e
u
t
i
li
z
a
t
i
o
n
[
14
].
On
e
o
f
t
h
e
ke
y
c
o
n
tr
i
but
i
o
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
w
o
r
k
i
s
t
h
e
pr
o
p
o
s
a
l
o
f
e
nh
a
n
c
e
d
de
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
m
e
c
h
a
ni
s
m
s
a
n
d
f
ut
ur
e
e
n
ha
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
s
i
n
t
h
e
f
i
e
l
d
.
T
h
e
a
u
t
h
o
r
s
s
ugge
s
t
dy
n
a
mi
c
t
h
r
e
s
h
o
l
d
m
e
c
h
a
nis
m
s
a
n
d
s
t
r
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h
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[1
6
]
.
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d
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go
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i
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.
De
t
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l
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t
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us
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s
.
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×
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3.
2
.
F
al
s
e
p
os
it
ive
r
a
te
T
h
e
f
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l
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t
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m
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g
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pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
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c
e
o
f
NI
P
S
.
F
R
P
[
20]
r
e
f
e
r
s
to
t
h
e
pe
r
c
e
n
t
a
ge
o
f
b
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e
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a
ke
nly
f
l
a
gg
e
d
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s
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n
t
r
us
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o
n
s
.
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l
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h
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r
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f
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ne
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hms
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d
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o
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t
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n
uo
us
l
e
a
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n
g.
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3
.
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at
e
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t
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L
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n
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m
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m
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bi
li
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o
de
t
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d
t
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ly
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l
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.
E
n
e
r
gy
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T
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E
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n
a
l
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s
.
=
/
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2
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0
2
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52
In
do
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3.
5
.
Ne
t
wor
k
l
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Ne
t
w
o
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k
l
if
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t
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(
NL
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t
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[1
0
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.
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No
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pr
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tt
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R
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T
h
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l
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1
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e
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d
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h
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h
e
f
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t
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f
NI
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S
l.
n
o
M
e
tr
i
c
s
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it
h N
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S
(
p
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p
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e
d m
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d
e
l)
M
e
tr
i
c
s
w
it
ho
ut
N
I
P
S
1
D
e
t
e
c
ti
o
n
r
a
te
:
98%
D
e
t
e
c
ti
o
n
r
a
te
:
75%
2
F
a
ls
e
po
s
it
i
ve
r
a
t
e
:
2%
F
a
ls
e
po
s
it
i
ve
r
a
t
e
:
10%
3
L
a
t
e
n
c
y
:
10 ms
L
a
t
e
n
c
y
:
5 ms
4
E
ne
r
g
y
c
o
ns
umpt
i
o
n:
60 mJ
/p
a
c
ke
t
E
ne
r
g
y
c
o
ns
umpt
i
o
n:
40 mJ
/p
a
c
ke
t
5
N
e
tw
o
r
k
li
f
e
ti
me
:
2
y
e
a
r
s
N
e
tw
o
r
k l
i
f
e
ti
me
:
1.5
y
e
a
r
s
6
P
a
c
k
e
t
dr
o
p r
a
t
e
:
1%
P
a
c
k
e
t
dr
o
p r
a
t
e
:
8%
7
T
h
r
o
ughput:
90 pa
c
k
e
ts
/s
e
c
T
h
r
o
ughput:
100 pa
c
k
e
ts
/s
e
c
8
N
o
d
e
c
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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DD
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B
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1231
A
mi
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m
a
p
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Fi
gur
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2
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ll
us
t
r
a
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t
h
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s
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pr
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m
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de
l
:
1)
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
a
n
o
m
a
ly
d
e
t
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c
t
i
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ly
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h
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ni
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m
.
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nli
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t
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di
t
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s
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c
hi
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go
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-
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f
f
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c
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3)
M
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go
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4)
A
da
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v
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a
r
ni
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c
a
pa
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i
t
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s
:
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c
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h
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m
.
T
h
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wo
r
k'
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da
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pa
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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:
2
5
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4
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52
In
do
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20
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:
1
226
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1
233
1232
4.
CONC
L
USI
ON
T
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M
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DT
a
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N
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t
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y
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a
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t
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c
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s
u
m
pt
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h
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i
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v
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go
r
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,
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s
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pr
o
l
o
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ge
d
ne
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wor
k
l
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vi
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w
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t
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pr
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m
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s
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y
.
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pr
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a
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.
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.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
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]
R
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o
li
ma
n, “
T
h
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na
tu
r
e
of
c
y
b
e
r
t
hr
e
a
ts
ha
s
c
ha
nge
d d
r
a
ma
ti
c
a
ll
y
ove
r
t
h
e
pa
s
t
th
r
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e
de
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,”
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Y
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L
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A
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he
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i
ve
r
e
v
i
e
w
s
tu
d
y
of
c
y
be
r
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a
tt
a
c
ks
a
nd c
y
b
e
r
s
e
c
ur
it
y
;
e
me
r
gi
ng t
r
e
nds
a
nd r
e
c
e
nt
d
e
v
e
l
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E
ne
r
gy
R
e
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M
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M
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F
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M
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S
a
ll
e
h,
a
nd
A
.
A
ln
o
o
r
,
“
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ir
e
l
e
s
s
s
e
ns
o
r
ne
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or
k
s
e
c
u
r
it
y
:
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r
e
c
e
nt
r
e
v
ie
w
ba
s
e
d
o
n
s
ta
te
-
of
-
th
e
-
a
r
t
w
o
r
ks
,”
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nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
of
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
B
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e
s
s
M
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nno
u
a
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V
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V
a
s
s
il
io
u,
“
A
n
in
tr
us
io
n
de
t
e
c
ti
o
n
s
y
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t
e
m
f
o
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o
ns
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in
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d
W
S
N
a
nd
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oT
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o
de
s
ba
s
e
d
o
n
bi
na
r
y
l
o
g
is
ti
c
r
e
gr
e
s
s
io
n,”
in
P
r
oc
e
e
di
ngs
of
th
e
21s
t
A
C
M
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
C
onf
e
r
e
nc
e
on
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ode
li
ng,
A
nal
y
s
i
s
and
Si
m
ul
at
io
n
of
W
ir
e
le
s
s
and
M
obi
le
Sy
s
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m
s
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t.
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I
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A
hma
d,
M
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B
a
s
he
r
i,
M
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J
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I
qba
l,
a
nd
A
.
R
a
hi
m,
“
P
e
r
f
or
m
a
nc
e
c
ompa
r
is
o
n
of
s
uppor
t
ve
c
t
o
r
ma
c
hi
n
e
,
r
a
nd
o
m
f
or
e
s
t,
a
nd
e
x
tr
e
m
e
l
e
a
r
ni
ng
ma
c
hi
n
e
f
o
r
in
tr
us
i
o
n
d
e
t
e
c
ti
o
n,”
I
E
E
E
A
c
c
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s
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S
.
S
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S
a
hu
a
nd
M
.
P
a
nd
e
y
,
“
D
is
tr
ib
ut
e
d
de
n
ia
l
of
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
a
tt
a
c
ks
:
a
r
e
v
i
e
w
,”
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
of
M
ode
r
n
E
duc
at
io
n
and
C
om
put
e
r
Sc
ie
n
c
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H
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A
ls
ha
mbr
i,
M
.
A
.
A
lZ
a
in
,
B
.
S
o
h,
M
.
M
a
s
ud,
a
nd
J
.
A
l
-
A
mr
i,
“
C
y
b
e
r
s
e
c
u
r
it
y
a
tt
a
c
ks
o
n
w
ir
e
l
e
s
s
s
e
ns
o
r
n
e
tw
or
ks
in
s
ma
r
t
c
it
i
e
s
:
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n e
x
p
o
s
it
i
o
n,”
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
of
Sc
ie
nt
i
f
ic
and T
e
c
hnol
ogy
R
e
s
e
ar
c
h
, v
ol
. 8, n
o
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Z
.
A
hma
d,
A
.
S
.
K
ha
n,
C
.
W
a
i
S
hi
a
ng,
J
.
A
bdul
la
h,
a
nd
F
.
A
hma
d,
“
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e
twor
k
in
tr
us
i
o
n
de
t
e
c
ti
o
n
s
y
s
t
e
m:
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s
y
s
t
e
ma
ti
c
s
tu
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of
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c
hi
ne
l
e
a
r
ni
ng
a
nd
d
e
e
p
l
e
a
r
ni
ng
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
e
s
,”
T
r
ans
ac
ti
ons
on
E
m
e
r
gi
ng
T
e
le
c
om
m
uni
c
at
io
ns
T
e
c
hnol
ogi
e
s
,
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H
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J
a
di
dol
e
s
la
m
y
,
M
.
R
.
A
r
e
f
,
a
nd
H
.
B
a
hr
a
mgi
r
i,
“
A
f
u
z
z
y
f
u
ll
y
di
s
tr
ib
ut
e
d
tr
us
t
ma
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m
e
nt
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y
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t
e
m
in
w
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
s
e
n
s
o
r
ne
tw
o
r
ks
,”
A
E
U
-
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
of
E
le
c
tr
oni
c
s
a
nd
C
om
m
uni
c
at
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B
hupe
s
h,
R
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N
a
nda
l,
K
.
J
o
s
hi
,
a
nd
O
.
D
a
hi
y
a
,
“
A
mo
di
f
i
e
d
a
pp
r
o
a
c
h
to
d
e
c
r
e
a
s
e
pa
c
ke
t
lo
s
s
r
a
ti
o
a
nd
P
D
R
in
A
O
D
V
us
in
g
f
uz
z
y
te
c
hni
que
,”
in
2022
10t
h
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
C
onf
e
r
e
nc
e
on
R
e
li
abi
li
ty
,
I
nf
oc
om
T
e
c
hnol
ogi
e
s
and
O
pt
imi
z
at
io
n
(
T
r
e
nds
and
F
ut
ur
e
D
ir
e
c
ti
ons
)
(
I
C
R
I
T
O
)
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“
D
D
o
S
a
tt
a
c
ks
in
W
S
N
s
:
de
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
nd
c
o
unt
e
r
me
a
s
ur
e
s
,”
I
E
T
W
ir
e
le
s
s
Se
n
s
or
Sy
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te
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a
th
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r
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H
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r
k,
“
C
o
mpr
e
he
ns
i
ve
a
na
l
y
s
e
s
of
in
tr
us
i
o
n
d
e
t
e
c
ti
o
n
s
y
s
te
m
f
or
I
oT
e
n
v
ir
o
nm
e
nt
,”
J
our
nal
of
I
nf
o
r
m
at
io
n P
r
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e
s
s
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g Sy
s
te
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S
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R
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a
c
h
o
ur
i,
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J
a
in
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D
o
S
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tt
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c
k
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t
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nd
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s
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or
ne
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k
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y
us
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g
T
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T
m
e
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o
d,”
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nt
e
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io
nal
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17]
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