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p
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tatio
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a
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fo
r
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d
d
re
ss
in
g
a
n
a
e
m
ia i
n
fe
m
a
le y
o
u
th
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
An
ae
m
ia
I
r
o
n
Kn
o
wled
g
e
Ma
n
ag
em
en
t
Su
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
Stu
n
tin
g
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
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s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Ali K
h
o
m
s
an
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
C
o
m
m
u
n
ity
N
u
tr
itio
n
,
Facu
lty
o
f
Hu
m
a
n
E
c
o
lo
g
y
,
I
n
s
titu
t Per
tan
ian
B
o
g
o
r
W
est
J
av
a,
I
n
d
o
n
esia
E
m
ail:
k
h
o
m
s
an
ali@
ap
p
s
.
ip
b
.
ac
.
id
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
n
u
tr
itio
n
al
p
r
o
b
lem
cu
r
r
en
tly
in
th
e
s
p
o
tlig
h
t
is
s
tu
n
tin
g
.
Stu
n
tin
g
is
a
co
n
d
itio
n
in
wh
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h
ch
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r
en
u
n
d
er
f
iv
e
h
av
e
l
o
w
len
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th
-
f
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ag
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o
r
h
eig
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-
f
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ag
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T
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s
tu
n
ted
u
n
d
e
r
-
f
iv
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c
h
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in
clu
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in
c
h
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o
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m
aln
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ca
u
s
ed
b
y
m
an
y
f
ac
to
r
s
s
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ch
as
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d
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ate
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tr
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p
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f
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id
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,
an
d
in
s
u
f
f
ic
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t
in
f
an
t
in
tak
e
[
1
]
.
Ma
ter
n
al
an
ae
m
ia
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
tly
af
f
ec
ted
th
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,
lead
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g
to
s
tu
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d
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d
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weig
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t
[
2
]
.
Ma
ln
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tr
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s
till
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th
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am
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p
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m
en
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esp
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ec
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n
o
m
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d
s
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p
r
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r
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an
d
c
h
an
g
es in
life
s
ty
le
[
3
]
.
Acc
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in
g
t
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th
e
2
0
1
8
B
asic H
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th
Su
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Min
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it
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2
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2
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6
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[
4
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.
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258
Stu
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tin
g
o
cc
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s
f
r
o
m
th
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p
r
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n
ce
p
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p
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wh
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n
an
ad
o
lescen
t
i
s
m
aln
o
u
r
is
h
ed
o
r
a
n
em
ic
[
5
]
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
d
itio
n
wo
r
s
en
s
wh
en
th
e
wo
m
an
b
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m
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n
an
t
,
h
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ta
k
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is
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t,
an
d
s
h
e
also
liv
es
in
an
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
with
p
o
o
r
s
an
itatio
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.
T
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p
r
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v
is
io
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o
f
ir
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o
r
ir
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-
f
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p
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in
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ch
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s
id
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r
m
icr
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n
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tr
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u
p
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was
lin
k
ed
to
en
h
an
ce
d
s
er
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m
h
em
o
g
lo
b
in
lev
els
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
I
r
o
n
-
f
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lic
ac
id
(
I
FA)
s
u
p
p
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tatio
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in
itiativ
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p
r
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d
to
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d
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ce
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ae
m
ia
b
y
ap
p
r
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ately
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o
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p
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h
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g
r
am
is
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s
i
d
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ed
a
k
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im
ar
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n
ter
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ae
m
ia
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n
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s
u
p
p
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b
y
r
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ce
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ess
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th
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p
ac
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f
o
r
wid
esp
r
ea
d
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
to
b
en
ef
it a
ll wo
m
en
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
ev
alen
ce
o
f
an
ae
m
ia
a
m
o
n
g
ad
o
lescen
t
g
ir
ls
an
d
wo
m
en
o
f
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
ag
e
(
1
5
t
o
2
4
y
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r
s
)
in
I
n
d
o
n
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is
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8
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4
%.
Fem
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,
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s
f
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ar
e
am
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e
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to
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g
a
n
ae
m
ia
[
8
]
.
O
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
v
e
m
en
t'
s
ef
f
o
r
ts
th
at
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
o
n
e
b
y
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t,
esp
ec
ially
in
o
v
e
r
co
m
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
an
ae
m
ia
in
ad
o
lescen
ts
,
is
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
u
p
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
I
FA
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
ir
o
n
(
6
0
m
g
FeSO4
)
an
d
f
o
lic
ac
id
(
0
.
4
m
g
)
.
T
h
e
r
is
k
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
ass
o
ciate
d
with
an
ae
m
ia
ar
e
in
co
m
e,
o
cc
u
p
atio
n
,
an
d
o
th
e
r
r
is
k
f
ac
to
r
s
lik
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
,
co
n
tr
ac
ep
tiv
e
u
s
e,
a
n
d
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
[
9
]
.
A
s
tu
d
y
co
n
d
u
cted
am
o
n
g
ad
o
lescen
t
g
ir
ls
in
B
o
g
o
r
C
ity
r
e
v
ea
led
a
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
an
ae
m
ia
p
r
ev
alen
ce
f
o
llo
win
g
in
ter
v
en
ti
o
n
with
ir
o
n
-
f
o
lic
ac
id
s
u
p
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
(
co
n
tain
in
g
6
0
m
g
ele
m
en
tal
ir
o
n
a
n
d
0
.
4
m
g
f
o
lic
ac
id
)
ad
m
in
is
ter
ed
o
v
e
r
1
6
w
ee
k
s
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
f
ac
t
o
r
in
f
lu
en
cin
g
in
cr
ea
s
ed
h
em
o
g
l
o
b
in
lev
els
was
th
e
in
itial
h
em
o
g
lo
b
in
s
tatu
s
;
s
u
b
jects
with
an
ae
m
ia
p
r
io
r
to
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
h
ad
a
3
.
5
2
tim
es
g
r
ea
ter
lik
e
lih
o
o
d
o
f
Hb
lev
el
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
n
o
n
-
an
em
ic
s
u
b
j
ec
ts
.
Nev
er
th
eless
,
th
e
ir
o
n
-
d
ef
icien
cy
a
n
ae
m
ia
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
p
r
o
g
r
am
(
I
DAPC
P)
is
p
er
ce
iv
ed
a
s
in
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
d
u
e
to
lo
w
co
m
p
lian
ce
with
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
t c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
d
es
p
ite
a
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
p
r
ev
a
len
ce
[
1
1
]
.
I
n
E
ast
J
av
a
an
d
E
ast
Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
ar
a,
th
e
c
o
v
er
ag
e
o
f
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
am
o
n
g
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
,
ad
h
er
en
ce
lev
e
ls
to
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
ed
I
FA
tab
let
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
a
n
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
g
ir
ls
co
n
s
u
m
in
g
≥
5
2
ta
b
lets
an
n
u
ally
r
em
ain
lo
w.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
2
0
1
8
B
asic
Hea
lth
S
u
r
v
ey
,
alth
o
u
g
h
8
0
.
9
%
o
f
ad
o
l
escen
t
g
ir
ls
r
ec
eiv
ed
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
ts
in
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
o
n
ly
1
.
4
%
co
n
s
u
m
ed
≥
5
2
tab
le
ts
p
er
y
ea
r
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
aim
ed
to
e
v
alu
ate
th
e
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
f
e
m
ale
y
o
u
th
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
an
ae
m
ia
an
d
th
e
m
an
a
g
em
en
t o
f
ir
o
n
-
f
o
lic
ac
id
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
em
p
lo
y
e
d
a
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
tio
n
al
d
esig
n
an
d
was
c
o
n
d
u
cte
d
ac
r
o
s
s
2
4
s
en
io
r
h
i
g
h
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
co
m
p
r
is
in
g
1
2
s
ch
o
o
ls
in
C
ian
ju
r
R
eg
en
cy
(
with
a
h
ig
h
s
tu
n
tin
g
p
r
e
v
alen
ce
o
f
3
3
.
7
%)
an
d
1
2
s
ch
o
o
ls
in
Dep
o
k
C
ity
(
with
a
lo
w
s
tu
n
tin
g
p
r
ev
alen
ce
o
f
1
2
.
3
%)
[
1
2
]
.
I
n
h
i
g
h
s
tu
n
tin
g
ar
ea
s
,
th
e
I
FA
s
u
p
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
m
o
r
e
in
te
n
s
iv
e
to
p
r
ev
en
t
s
tu
n
tin
g
th
an
in
lo
w
s
tu
n
tin
g
ar
ea
s
.
T
h
is
two
-
s
ite
s
tu
d
y
was
co
n
d
u
cted
to
d
eter
m
in
e
wh
eth
e
r
th
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
t
h
e
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
e
n
t
atio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
is
b
etter
i
n
h
ig
h
s
tu
n
tin
g
ar
ea
s
th
a
n
in
lo
w
s
tu
n
tin
g
ar
ea
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
b
eg
an
f
r
o
m
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
9
to
Fe
b
r
u
ar
y
2
0
2
0
f
o
r
th
e
1
st
ter
m
.
I
t
co
n
tin
u
ed
f
r
o
m
Octo
b
er
2
0
2
2
t
o
Ma
r
c
h
2
0
2
3
f
o
r
th
e
2
nd
ter
m
,
wh
ich
in
c
lu
d
ed
a
lo
ca
tio
n
s
u
r
v
e
y
,
p
er
m
i
t
ar
r
an
g
em
en
t,
d
ata
co
llectio
n
,
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
an
d
d
ata
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
e
m
in
im
u
m
s
am
p
le
s
ize
was
d
eter
m
in
ed
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
u
l
a
f
o
r
s
am
p
le
s
ize
ca
lcu
latio
n
in
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
tio
n
al
s
tu
d
ies
[
1
3
]
.
I
n
th
is
eq
u
atio
n
,
P
d
e
n
o
tes
th
e
esti
m
ated
p
r
ev
alen
ce
o
f
a
n
ae
m
ia
a
m
o
n
g
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
n
atio
n
wid
e,
wh
ic
h
s
tan
d
s
at
a
r
o
u
n
d
1
8
%
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
Pre
cisi
o
n
(
d
)
was
s
et
at
0
.
0
5
to
r
ef
lec
t
th
e
d
esire
d
e
f
f
ec
t
s
ize,
with
Z
α
/2
estab
lis
h
ed
as
1
.
9
6
,
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
th
e
n
o
r
m
al
d
ev
iate
f
o
r
a
two
-
tailed
alter
n
a
tiv
e
h
y
p
o
th
esis
at
a
5
% si
g
n
if
ican
ce
lev
el.
T
h
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t sectio
n
d
elin
ea
tes th
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
am
p
le
s
ize.
:
=
2
×
(
1
−
)
2
=
1
.
96
2
×
0
.
18
(
1
−
0
.
18
)
(
0
.
05
)
2
=
226
.
8
(
~
=
227
)
Data
co
llectio
n
was
co
n
d
u
cted
b
y
r
esear
ch
er
s
,
h
ea
lth
an
aly
s
t
s
,
an
d
en
u
m
er
ato
r
s
.
T
h
e
d
ata
co
llected
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
wer
e
q
u
an
titativ
e
an
d
q
u
alitativ
e
d
ata.
T
h
e
q
u
an
tit
ativ
e
d
ata
was c
o
llected
th
r
o
u
g
h
in
ter
v
iews u
s
in
g
a
s
et
o
f
q
u
esti
o
n
n
ai
r
es,
an
d
e
n
u
m
er
ato
r
s
d
id
an
th
r
o
p
o
m
etr
ic
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
wh
ile
h
ea
lth
an
aly
s
ts
co
llected
s
tatu
s
an
ae
m
ia
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
ts
.
Qu
an
titativ
e
d
ata
e
n
co
m
p
ass
ed
th
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
f
em
ale
y
o
u
t
h
a
n
d
th
eir
k
n
o
wled
g
e
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
a
n
ae
m
ia
an
d
I
FA
.
Ou
r
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e,
d
esig
n
e
d
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
k
n
o
wled
g
e
a
b
o
u
t
an
ae
m
ia
an
d
I
FA
s
u
p
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
,
co
m
p
r
is
es
5
3
ite
m
s
.
I
n
itially
,
3
9
.
6
%
o
f
th
ese
item
s
wer
e
v
alid
ated
u
p
o
n
f
ir
s
t
an
aly
s
is
,
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
to
8
5
.
7
%
u
p
o
n
a
s
ec
o
n
d
an
aly
s
is
,
an
d
r
ea
c
h
in
g
1
0
0
%
v
alid
atio
n
af
ter
a
th
ir
d
an
aly
s
is
(
n
=6
2
)
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
r
eliab
ilit
y
test
in
g
in
d
icate
d
th
at
all
item
s
wer
e
d
ee
m
ed
r
eliab
le,
with
a
C
r
o
n
b
a
ch
’
s
alp
h
a
o
f
0
.
7
6
7
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
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lth
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2252
-
8
8
0
6
A
n
a
emia
:
fe
ma
le
y
o
u
th
’
s
kn
o
w
led
g
e
a
n
d
s
u
p
p
leme
n
ta
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
ma
n
a
g
eme
n
t
(
A
li K
h
o
msa
n
)
259
T
h
e
v
alid
ity
o
f
q
u
alitativ
e
r
esear
ch
in
s
tr
u
m
en
ts
is
en
s
u
r
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
d
ata
tr
ia
n
g
u
latio
n
.
T
h
is
in
v
o
lv
es
cr
o
s
s
-
r
ef
er
en
ci
n
g
an
d
v
er
if
y
in
g
d
ata
f
r
o
m
m
u
ltip
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
,
lead
in
g
to
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
o
n
ce
d
ata
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atu
r
atio
n
is
ac
h
iev
ed
,
wh
er
ein
ad
d
in
g
m
o
r
e
d
ata
wo
u
ld
r
es
u
lt
in
r
ed
u
n
d
a
n
cy
o
r
o
v
er
lap
.
T
h
e
q
u
alitativ
e
d
ata
was
co
llected
b
y
u
s
in
g
an
in
-
d
ep
th
in
ter
v
iew
d
ata
co
llectio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
with
teac
h
er
s
in
b
o
t
h
ar
ea
s
.
Asi
d
e
f
r
o
m
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h
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d
ata
h
ad
also
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ee
n
co
llected
b
y
c
o
n
d
u
cti
n
g
i
n
-
d
e
p
th
in
ter
v
iews
with
th
e
h
ea
lth
wo
r
k
er
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
o
u
r
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
s
in
Dep
o
k
an
d
C
ian
ju
r
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
in
f
o
r
m
an
ts
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
T
a
b
l
e
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
R
esear
ch
in
f
o
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m
an
ts
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n
f
o
r
man
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n
d
e
p
t
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n
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v
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H
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1
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h
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4
4
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P
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1
1
2
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’
s
se
n
i
o
r
h
i
g
h
sc
h
o
o
l
2
-
2
H
e
a
l
t
h
st
a
f
f
a
t
p
u
b
l
i
c
h
e
a
l
t
h
c
e
n
t
e
r
4
4
8
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
r
ec
eiv
ed
eth
ical
cl
ea
r
an
ce
f
r
o
m
th
e
B
io
eth
ics
C
o
m
m
ittee
o
f
Me
d
ical/He
alth
R
esear
ch
at
th
e
Facu
lty
o
f
Me
d
icin
e,
Su
lta
n
Ag
u
n
g
I
s
lam
ic
Sem
ar
an
g
Un
iv
er
s
ity
,
u
n
d
e
r
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
No
.
0
0
4
/1
/2
0
2
0
/B
io
eth
ics
C
o
m
m
ittee.
Data
wa
s
an
aly
ze
d
b
y
ca
lcu
latin
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
,
esti
m
atin
g
elem
en
ta
r
y
s
tatis
tic
s
(
m
ea
n
,
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
iatio
n
)
f
o
r
th
e
q
u
a
n
titativ
e
v
ar
iab
les,
a
n
d
t
-
test
an
aly
s
is
to
co
m
p
ar
e
v
ar
iab
les
i
n
th
e
two
r
e
g
en
cies.
Mic
r
o
s
o
f
t E
x
ce
l so
f
twar
e
f
o
r
W
in
d
o
ws an
d
SP
SS
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
m
an
ag
e
th
e
d
ata
a
n
aly
s
is
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
An
ae
m
ia
is
a
g
lo
b
al
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
m
icr
o
n
u
t
r
ien
ts
,
esp
ec
ially
in
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
co
u
n
tr
ies,
wh
er
e
it
is
esti
m
ated
to
o
cc
u
r
i
n
3
0
%
o
f
t
h
e
wo
r
ld
'
s
p
o
p
u
latio
n
.
As
m
an
y
as
2
9
%
an
d
3
8
%
o
f
n
o
n
-
p
r
e
g
n
an
t
a
n
d
p
r
e
g
n
an
t
wo
m
en
s
u
f
f
er
ed
f
r
o
m
an
ae
m
i
a
[
1
5
]
.
An
ae
m
ia
is
a
wo
r
l
d
wid
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
p
r
o
b
lem
,
i
n
wh
ich
o
n
e
-
th
ir
d
o
f
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
wo
m
e
n
,
3
8
%
o
f
p
r
eg
n
an
t
a
d
u
lt
f
em
ales,
an
d
ch
il
d
r
en
u
n
d
er
f
iv
e
y
ea
r
s
o
ld
ar
e
a
n
em
ic,
b
ein
g
wo
r
s
t
in
lo
w
-
an
d
m
id
d
le
-
in
co
m
e
co
u
n
tr
ies
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
e
v
alen
ce
o
f
an
ae
m
ia
am
o
n
g
ad
o
lescen
t
g
ir
ls
an
d
wo
m
en
o
f
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
ag
e
(
1
5
to
2
4
y
ea
r
s
)
at
th
e
n
atio
n
al
lev
el
i
n
I
n
d
o
n
esia
was
1
8
.
4
%
[
4
]
.
A
n
ae
m
ia
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
p
h
y
s
ical
ca
p
ac
ity
an
d
a
d
v
er
s
ely
af
f
ec
ts
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
w
o
m
en
,
s
u
ch
a
s
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
[
1
7
]
.
Fem
ale
y
o
u
t
h
(
1
0
-
1
9
y
ea
r
s
)
,
th
e
n
atio
n
'
s
f
u
tu
r
e
g
en
er
atio
n
s
,
ar
e
am
o
n
g
th
e
g
r
o
u
p
s
p
r
o
n
e
to
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
an
ae
m
ia.
On
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
v
em
en
t'
s
ef
f
o
r
ts
th
at
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
o
n
e
b
y
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t,
esp
ec
ia
lly
in
o
v
er
c
o
m
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
b
l
em
o
f
an
ae
m
ia
in
ad
o
lescen
ts
,
is
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
u
p
p
le
m
en
tat
io
n
o
f
I
FA
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
ir
o
n
(
6
0
m
g
FeSO4
)
an
d
f
o
lic
ac
id
(
0
.
4
m
g
)
.
T
h
e
r
is
k
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
ass
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
an
ae
m
ia
s
u
ch
as
in
co
m
e,
o
cc
u
p
atio
n
,
an
d
o
th
er
r
is
k
f
ac
to
r
s
lik
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
,
co
n
tr
ac
ep
tiv
e
u
s
e,
an
d
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
[
9
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
in
v
o
lv
ed
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
l
s
tu
d
en
ts
f
r
o
m
v
ar
io
u
s
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
(
g
e
n
er
al,
v
o
ca
tio
n
al,
an
d
I
s
lam
i
c
s
en
io
r
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
ls
)
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
b
s
er
v
ed
in
clu
d
ed
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
'
ag
es a
n
d
p
o
ck
et
m
o
n
e
y
,
with
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
u
tlin
ed
in
T
a
b
le
2
.
T
ab
le
2
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
f
e
m
ale
y
o
u
th
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
H
i
g
h
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
3
Lo
w
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
0
p
C
h
i
l
d
r
e
n
’
s a
g
e
(
y
e
a
r
)
1
6
.
9
±
0
.
6
1
6
.
7
±
0
.
5
0
.
1
3
1
P
o
c
k
e
t
m
o
n
e
y
(
f
o
r
s
n
a
c
k
i
n
g
)
/
d
a
y
(
I
D
R
)
1
6
,
9
8
3
±
7
,
5
6
2
2
0
,
6
6
8
±
1
4
,
9
4
8
0
.
0
3
9
P
o
c
k
e
t
m
o
n
e
y
(
f
o
r
t
r
a
n
sp
o
r
t
a
t
i
o
n
)
/
d
a
y
(
I
D
R
)
4
,
1
1
4
±
4
,
0
8
2
4
,
7
5
9
±
8
,
8
6
7
0
.
0
0
0
P
o
c
k
e
t
m
o
n
e
y
(
f
o
r
t
o
p
-
u
p
p
h
o
n
e
c
r
e
d
i
t
s)
/
w
e
e
k
(
I
D
R
)
1
3
,
9
1
6
±
1
0
,
0
8
2
1
3
,
1
2
0
±
1
8
,
7
3
8
0
.
0
0
0
T
ab
le
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
th
e
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
,
wh
ich
s
h
o
wed
ag
e,
d
aily
p
o
ck
et
m
o
n
ey
,
d
aily
tr
an
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
m
o
n
ey
,
an
d
wee
k
ly
p
h
o
n
e
cr
e
d
its
.
Acc
o
r
d
i
n
g
t
o
th
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
,
th
e
m
e
d
ian
p
o
c
k
et
m
o
n
ey
r
ep
o
r
ted
was
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
h
ig
h
er
in
lo
w
-
s
tu
n
tin
g
ar
ea
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
h
i
g
h
-
s
tu
n
tin
g
a
r
ea
s
.
An
d
th
e
r
e
w
as
also
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
d
if
f
er
en
ce
b
etwe
en
t
h
e
p
o
ck
et
m
o
n
ey
f
o
r
s
n
ac
k
in
g
(
p
=
0
.
0
3
9
)
,
p
o
c
k
et
m
o
n
ey
f
o
r
tr
an
s
p
o
r
tat
io
n
(
p
=
0
.
0
0
0
)
,
an
d
p
o
ck
et
m
o
n
ey
f
o
r
to
p
-
u
p
p
h
o
n
e
cr
ed
its
(
p
=
0
.
0
0
0
)
.
Po
ck
et
m
o
n
ey
is
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
r
ec
ei
v
ed
b
y
ad
o
lescen
ts
ev
e
r
y
d
ay
,
a
n
d
it
is
g
iv
e
n
b
y
t
h
eir
p
a
r
en
ts
o
r
g
u
a
r
d
ian
s
to
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
tr
a
n
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
o
r
s
n
ac
k
ex
p
en
s
es.
T
h
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
p
o
ck
et
m
o
n
ey
m
ay
v
ar
y
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
th
eir
p
a
r
en
t’
s
in
c
o
m
e
an
d
t
h
e
lo
ca
tio
n
wh
er
e
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
liv
e
(
C
ian
ju
r
o
r
Dep
o
k
)
.
W
h
en
th
e
p
o
c
k
et
m
o
n
e
y
,
tr
a
n
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
m
o
n
e
y
,
an
d
p
h
o
n
e
cr
ed
it
(
to
p
-
u
p
)
m
o
n
e
y
ar
e
ad
d
e
d
to
g
eth
er
,
th
e
p
o
c
k
et
m
o
n
e
y
r
ec
eiv
ed
b
y
Dep
o
k
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
(
lo
w
s
tu
n
tin
g
ar
ea
)
is
h
ig
h
er
th
an
t
h
e
C
ian
ju
r
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
(
h
ig
h
s
tu
n
tin
g
ar
ea
)
.
Kn
o
wled
g
e
ab
o
u
t
an
ae
m
i
a
ca
n
in
f
lu
en
ce
th
e
attitu
d
es
a
n
d
d
ietar
y
b
e
h
av
io
r
s
o
f
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
,
th
er
eb
y
af
f
ec
tin
g
th
eir
n
u
tr
itio
n
al
s
tatu
s
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
a
n
ae
m
ia
p
r
ev
alen
ce
.
Fem
ale
y
o
u
th
'
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
io
n
o
f
a
n
ae
m
ia
an
d
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
was
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
th
r
e
e
tier
s
:
lo
w,
m
o
d
er
ate,
an
d
h
ig
h
,
with
th
eir
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
illu
s
tr
at
ed
in
T
ab
le
3
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
0
6
I
n
t J Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
20
2
5
:
2
5
7
-
265
260
T
ab
le
3
.
D
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
f
e
m
ale
y
o
u
th
ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
to
t
h
eir
an
a
em
ia
k
n
o
wled
g
e
lev
els
[
n
(
%)
]
Le
v
e
l
o
f
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
H
i
g
h
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
3
Lo
w
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
0
p
Lo
w
(
sc
o
r
e
<
6
0
)
8
3
(
6
7
.
5
)
8
6
(
7
1
.
7
)
M
i
d
d
l
e
(
sc
o
r
e
6
0
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8
0
)
3
9
(
3
1
.
7
)
3
4
(
2
8
.
3
)
0
.
4
1
0
H
i
g
h
(
sc
o
r
e
>
8
0
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1
(
0
.
8
)
0
(
0
)
M
e
a
n
±
S
D
5
4
.
8
±
9
.
5
5
4
.
1
±
9
.
2
T
ab
le
3
s
h
o
ws
th
at
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
in
b
o
th
lo
ca
ti
o
n
s
h
ad
a
lo
w
lev
el
o
f
k
n
o
wl
ed
g
e
ab
o
u
t
an
ae
m
ia
(
6
7
.
5
%
f
o
r
C
ian
ju
r
a
n
d
7
1
.
7
%
f
o
r
Dep
o
k
)
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
e
m
ale
y
o
u
th
with
p
o
o
r
a
n
d
m
o
d
e
r
ate
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
an
ae
m
ia
was
a
lm
o
s
t
th
e
s
am
e
f
o
r
b
o
th
lo
ca
tio
n
s
.
Similar
to
th
e
av
er
a
g
e
s
co
r
e
o
f
n
u
tr
it
io
n
k
n
o
wled
g
e
in
C
ian
ju
r
an
d
De
p
o
k
,
it
was
f
o
u
n
d
to
b
e
r
elativ
ely
th
e
s
am
e
(
5
4
.
8
±
9
.
5
f
o
r
C
ian
ju
r
an
d
5
4
.
1
±
9
.
2
f
o
r
Dep
o
k
)
.
T
h
e
r
e
was
n
o
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
(
p
=
0
.
4
1
0
)
in
th
e
lev
el
o
f
a
n
ae
m
ia
k
n
o
wled
g
e
b
etwe
en
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
in
C
ian
ju
r
an
d
De
p
o
k
.
W
ith
o
u
t
f
o
l
lo
w
-
u
p
,
a
n
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
aim
ed
at
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
m
ay
f
ail
to
e
f
f
ec
tiv
ely
im
p
r
o
v
e
an
ae
m
ia
s
tatu
s
d
u
e
to
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
k
n
o
wled
g
e
an
d
m
o
tiv
atio
n
.
Nu
tr
itio
n
ed
u
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
f
o
r
s
ch
o
o
l
ch
ild
r
en
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
h
o
w
n
t
o
p
o
s
i
t
i
v
el
y
i
m
p
a
c
t
h
e
a
l
t
h
o
u
t
c
o
m
e
s
b
y
i
n
s
t
il
l
i
n
g
h
e
al
t
h
y
li
f
e
s
ty
l
e
h
a
b
i
ts
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
e
s
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
t
p
r
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
n
o
f
f
e
m
a
l
e
y
o
u
t
h
d
e
m
o
n
s
t
r
a
t
i
n
g
a
l
o
w
l
e
v
e
l
o
f
n
u
t
r
i
t
i
o
n
al
k
n
o
w
l
ed
g
e
u
n
d
e
r
s
c
o
r
e
s
t
h
e
n
e
c
e
s
s
i
t
y
o
f
n
u
t
r
i
t
i
o
n
e
d
u
c
at
i
o
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
s
c
h
o
o
l
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
s
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
es
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
a
i
m
to
a
l
t
e
r
at
t
it
u
d
e
s
a
n
d
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
s
,
e
d
u
c
a
ti
n
g
i
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
a
l
s
a
b
o
u
t
t
h
e
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
c
e
o
f
n
u
t
r
i
t
i
o
n
i
n
e
n
h
a
n
c
i
n
g
c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
a
c
a
d
e
m
i
c
a
c
h
i
e
v
e
m
e
n
t
[
2
0
]
.
T
a
b
l
e
4
d
is
p
l
a
y
s
h
o
w
f
e
m
al
e
y
o
u
t
h
a
r
e
d
is
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
ei
r
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
m
e
t
h
o
d
s
t
o
p
r
e
v
e
n
t
a
n
a
e
m
i
a
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
c
o
m
m
o
n
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
r
e
g
a
r
d
i
n
g
p
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
v
e
m
e
a
s
u
r
es
w
a
s
t
h
e
co
n
s
u
m
p
t
i
o
n
o
f
i
r
o
n
s
u
p
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
ti
o
n
t
a
b
l
e
ts
,
f
o
l
l
o
we
d
b
y
t
h
e
i
n
t
a
k
e
o
f
g
r
e
e
n
l
e
a
f
y
v
e
g
e
t
a
b
l
e
s
a
n
d
f
r
u
i
t
s
r
ic
h
in
v
itam
in
C
.
T
ab
le
4
.
D
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
f
e
m
ale
y
o
u
th
ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
to
t
h
eir
p
ast
awa
r
en
ess
o
f
m
eth
o
d
s
to
p
r
e
v
en
t a
n
a
em
ia
[
n
(
%)]
Th
e
w
a
y
s t
o
p
r
e
v
e
n
t
a
n
a
e
mi
a
H
i
g
h
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
3
Lo
w
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
0
p
Ta
k
e
a
n
I
F
A
su
p
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
1
1
2
(
9
1
.
1
)
1
1
2
(
9
3
.
3
)
0
.
5
0
9
C
o
n
s
u
me
g
r
e
e
n
l
e
a
v
y
v
e
g
e
t
a
b
l
e
s
8
9
(
7
2
.
4
)
6
2
(
5
1
.
7
)
0
.
0
0
1
C
o
n
s
u
me
f
r
u
i
t
s a
n
d
v
i
t
a
m
i
n
C
r
i
c
h
v
e
g
e
t
a
b
l
e
s
7
4
(
6
0
.
2
)
7
1
(
5
9
.
2
)
0
.
8
7
4
C
o
n
s
u
me
mea
t
o
r
l
i
v
e
r
6
1
(
4
9
.
6
)
4
5
(
3
7
.
5
)
0
.
0
5
7
C
o
n
s
u
me
d
e
w
o
r
m m
e
d
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
e
v
e
r
y
s
i
x
mo
n
t
h
s
1
1
(
8
.
9
)
1
1
(
9
.
2
)
0
.
9
5
2
T
ab
le
4
s
h
o
ws
th
at
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
th
e
way
s
h
o
w
t
o
p
r
ev
en
t
a
n
ae
m
ia
b
etwe
en
f
em
ale
y
o
u
t
h
in
C
ian
ju
r
an
d
Dep
o
k
was sig
n
if
ican
tly
d
if
f
er
en
t
(
co
n
s
u
m
e
g
r
ee
n
leaf
y
v
eg
etab
les
p
=0
.
0
0
1
)
.
Un
d
er
s
ta
n
d
in
g
an
ae
m
ia
an
d
cu
ltiv
atin
g
p
o
s
itiv
e
attitu
d
es
t
o
war
d
its
p
r
ev
e
n
tio
n
ar
e
cr
u
c
ial
f
o
r
f
em
ale
y
o
u
t
h
[
2
1
]
.
Ac
q
u
ir
in
g
k
n
o
wled
g
e
ab
o
u
t
an
ae
m
ia
em
p
o
wer
s
th
e
m
to
tak
e
p
r
ev
en
tiv
e
m
ea
s
u
r
es,
en
ab
lin
g
i
n
f
o
r
m
ed
d
ec
is
io
n
s
an
d
b
eh
a
v
io
r
s
[
2
2
]
.
Kn
o
wled
g
e
o
f
I
FAS
was
also
an
o
th
e
r
p
r
ed
icto
r
;
th
o
s
e
wo
m
en
wh
o
h
a
d
g
o
o
d
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
I
FAS
wer
e
2
.
1
tim
es
m
o
r
e
lik
ely
to
b
e
ad
h
er
e
d
ti
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
o
s
e
wh
o
h
a
d
p
o
o
r
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
I
FAS.
T
h
e
lik
ely
ju
s
tific
atio
n
m
ay
b
e
t
h
at
th
o
s
e
wh
o
h
ad
g
o
o
d
k
n
o
wled
g
e
h
ad
b
etter
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
ab
o
u
t
tab
lets
b
e
n
ef
its
,
s
id
e
ef
f
ec
ts
,
wh
e
n
it
h
as
to
b
e
tak
e
n
,
an
d
co
m
p
li
ca
tio
n
s
if
m
is
s
ed
[
2
3
]
.
T
ab
le
5
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
'
k
n
o
wled
g
e
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
t
h
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
a
n
d
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
.
T
ab
le
5
.
Dis
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
f
e
m
ale
y
o
u
th
b
ased
o
n
n
th
ei
r
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
a
n
d
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
[
n
(
%)]
D
o
se
a
n
d
d
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
I
F
A
su
p
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
H
i
g
h
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
3
Lo
w
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
0
p
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
p
r
o
v
i
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
I
F
A
su
p
p
l
e
me
n
t
a
t
sc
h
o
o
l
:
-
O
n
c
e
a
w
e
e
k
1
0
8
(
8
7
.
8
)
6
1
(
5
0
.
8
)
0
.
0
0
0
-
O
n
c
e
a
mo
n
t
h
1
5
(
1
2
.
2
)
4
1
(
3
4
.
2
)
-
D
u
r
i
n
g
me
n
st
r
u
a
t
i
o
n
0
(
0
)
1
8
(
1
5
)
D
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
a
y
e
a
r
t
h
a
t
st
u
d
e
n
t
s m
u
s
t
c
o
n
su
me
I
F
A
su
p
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
:
-
4
w
e
e
k
s
1
5
(
1
2
.
2
)
4
2
(
3
5
)
-
1
2
w
e
e
k
s
5
1
(
4
1
.
5
)
6
3
(
5
2
.
5
)
0
.
0
0
0
-
5
2
w
e
e
k
s
5
7
(
4
6
.
3
)
1
5
(
1
2
.
5
)
I
n
C
ian
ju
r
(
a
h
ig
h
s
tu
n
tin
g
ar
ea
)
,
8
7
.
8
%
o
f
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
t
h
at
I
FA
(
i
r
o
n
an
d
f
o
lic
ac
id
)
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
ad
m
in
is
ter
ed
o
n
ce
a
wee
k
,
co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
5
0
.
8
%
in
Dep
o
k
.
T
h
e
f
em
ale
y
o
u
t
h
f
r
o
m
C
ian
ju
r
(
4
6
.
3
%)
h
av
e
b
etter
k
n
o
wled
g
e
wh
en
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
f
r
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m
Dep
o
k
(
1
2
.
5
%)
i
n
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
th
at
with
in
a
y
ea
r
,
t
h
ey
s
h
o
u
ld
c
o
n
s
u
m
e
5
2
I
FA ta
b
lets
.
T
h
er
e
wer
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
s
(
p
=
0
.
0
0
0
)
i
n
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
an
d
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
tak
i
n
g
I
FA su
p
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
b
etw
ee
n
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
in
C
ian
ju
r
a
n
d
Dep
o
k
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
0
6
A
n
a
emia
:
fe
ma
le
y
o
u
th
’
s
kn
o
w
led
g
e
a
n
d
s
u
p
p
leme
n
ta
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
ma
n
a
g
eme
n
t
(
A
li K
h
o
msa
n
)
261
As
o
f
g
l
o
b
al
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
,
in
th
e
r
eg
io
n
s
with
h
ig
h
ly
p
r
e
v
alen
t
o
f
an
ae
m
ia
≥
4
0
%,
ad
o
le
s
ce
n
t
g
ir
ls
an
d
wo
m
e
n
o
f
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
a
g
es
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
p
r
o
v
id
ed
3
0
-
6
0
m
g
o
f
elem
en
tal
ir
o
n
.
I
t
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
g
i
v
en
d
aily
f
o
r
3
co
n
s
ec
u
tiv
e
m
o
n
th
s
in
a
y
ea
r
[
2
4
]
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
f
o
r
th
e
r
eg
io
n
s
with
a
p
r
ev
ale
n
ce
o
f
an
ae
m
ia
≥
2
0
%,
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
is
c
o
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
6
0
m
g
o
f
elem
en
tal
ir
o
n
a
n
d
2
,
8
0
0
m
cg
o
f
f
o
lic
ac
id
,
an
d
it
is
g
iv
en
wee
k
l
y
f
o
r
th
r
ee
m
o
n
t
h
s
o
n
(
g
iv
en
)
an
d
th
r
ee
m
o
n
th
s
o
f
f
(
n
o
t
g
iv
e
n
)
[
2
5
]
.
M
o
r
eo
v
er
,
th
e
D
ir
ec
to
r
at
e
Gen
er
al
o
f
Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
,
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
Hea
lth
o
f
th
e
R
ep
u
b
lic
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
esia
is
s
u
ed
an
o
f
f
icial
cir
cu
lar
letter
(
No
:
HK.
0
3
.
0
3
/V/0
5
9
5
/2
0
1
6
)
to
all
Hea
lth
Of
f
ices
at
th
e
p
r
o
v
in
cial
an
d
r
eg
e
n
cy
/city
lev
els
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
e
I
m
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
I
r
o
n
Fo
lic
Ac
id
Su
p
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
f
o
r
Fe
m
ale
y
o
u
th
a
n
d
W
o
m
en
o
f
R
ep
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
Ag
e
.
T
h
is
cir
cu
lar
letter
d
elin
ea
ted
th
e
g
u
id
elin
es
(
in
clu
d
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
,
d
u
r
atio
n
,
d
o
s
ag
e,
a
n
d
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
al
asp
ec
ts
)
o
f
th
e
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
.
I
t
s
tip
u
lates
th
at
I
FA
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
ad
m
i
n
is
te
r
ed
o
n
ce
wee
k
ly
(
1
tab
let)
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
en
tire
y
ea
r
(
5
2
wee
k
s
)
f
o
r
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
i
n
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
s
ettin
g
s
an
d
wo
m
e
n
o
f
r
ep
r
o
d
u
cti
v
e
ag
e
in
wo
r
k
p
lace
s
ettin
g
s
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
it wa
s
n
o
ted
th
at
m
u
ltiv
itam
in
s
an
d
m
in
er
al
s
u
p
p
lem
e
n
ts
ca
n
en
h
an
c
e
im
m
u
n
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
an
d
im
m
u
n
ity
s
tatu
s
,
p
ar
ticu
la
r
ly
in
in
d
iv
i
d
u
als
with
m
in
er
al
an
d
v
itam
in
d
ef
icien
cies.
T
o
m
itig
ate
an
y
ad
v
e
r
s
e
ef
f
ec
ts
,
it
is
im
p
er
ativ
e
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
ad
h
er
es
to
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
e
d
to
ler
ab
le
u
p
p
er
in
tak
e
lev
els
[
2
6
]
.
T
ab
le
6
d
elin
ea
te
s
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
b
ased
o
n
th
eir
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
s
tr
ateg
ies
to
m
an
ag
e
th
e
s
id
e
e
f
f
ec
ts
o
f
I
F
A
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
T
ab
le
6
.
F
em
ale
y
o
u
th
ca
te
g
o
r
ized
b
y
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
s
tr
ateg
ies to
allev
iate
th
e
s
id
e
ef
f
e
cts
o
f
I
FA in
tak
e
[
n
(
%)]
M
e
t
h
o
d
s t
o
o
v
e
r
c
o
m
e
si
d
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
I
F
A
c
o
n
s
u
mp
t
i
o
n
H
i
g
h
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
3
Lo
w
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
0
p
Ta
k
e
i
t
a
f
t
e
r
me
a
l
7
1
(
5
7
.
7
)
8
5
(
7
0
.
8
)
0
.
0
3
3
C
o
n
s
u
me
i
t
w
i
t
h
e
a
t
i
n
g
b
a
n
a
n
a
3
6
(
2
9
.
3
)
3
5
(
2
9
.
2
)
0
.
9
8
6
T
ab
le
6
illu
s
tr
ates
th
at
a
lar
g
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
a
r
e
f
am
iliar
with
s
tr
ateg
ies
to
al
lev
iate
th
e
s
id
e
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
I
FA
in
tak
e,
s
u
c
h
as
co
n
s
u
m
in
g
th
e
p
ill
af
ter
m
ea
ls
.
A
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
an
al
y
s
is
b
etwe
en
C
ian
ju
r
an
d
Dep
o
k
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
at
f
e
m
ale
y
o
u
th
in
Dep
o
k
p
o
s
s
ess
a
h
ig
h
er
lev
el
o
f
awa
r
en
es
s
(
7
0
.
8
%
in
Dep
o
k
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
5
7
.
7
%
in
C
ian
ju
r
)
.
No
tab
l
y
,
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
d
iv
e
r
g
en
ce
in
k
n
o
wled
g
e
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
m
eth
o
d
s
to
ad
d
r
ess
s
id
e
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
I
FA
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
s
u
ch
as
p
o
s
t
-
m
ea
l
in
g
esti
o
n
(
p
=0
.
0
3
3
)
,
is
ev
id
e
n
t
b
etw
ee
n
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
i
n
C
ian
ju
r
an
d
Dep
o
k
.
T
h
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
f
em
a
le
y
o
u
t
h
b
ased
o
n
th
eir
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
b
e
n
ef
its
an
d
r
atio
n
ale
b
eh
in
d
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
t u
s
ag
e
is
o
u
tlin
ed
in
T
ab
le
7
.
T
ab
le
7
.
D
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
f
e
m
ale
y
o
u
th
ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
to
c
o
m
p
r
eh
en
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
ad
v
a
n
tag
es o
r
m
o
tiv
atio
n
s
f
o
r
co
n
s
u
m
in
g
I
FA su
p
p
lem
en
ts
[
n
(
%
)]
B
e
n
e
f
i
t
s
o
r
r
e
a
so
n
s f
o
r
c
o
n
su
mp
t
i
o
n
o
f
I
F
A
su
p
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
s
H
i
g
h
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
3
Lo
w
st
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
0
p
I
n
c
r
e
a
se
c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
7
1
(
5
7
.
7
)
7
5
(
6
2
.
5
)
0
.
4
4
7
N
o
t
e
a
s
i
l
y
t
o
f
e
e
l
f
a
t
i
g
u
e
7
5
(
6
1
)
8
2
(
6
8
.
3
)
0
.
2
3
2
I
n
c
r
e
a
se
w
o
r
k
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
2
5
(
2
0
.
3
)
4
0
(
3
3
.
3
)
0
.
0
2
2
I
n
c
r
e
a
se
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
2
3
(
1
8
.
7
)
3
9
(
3
2
.
5
)
0
.
0
1
4
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
a
n
a
e
mi
a
1
1
3
(
9
1
.
9
)
1
0
0
(
8
3
.
3
)
0
.
0
4
3
N
o
t
e
:
r
e
s
p
o
n
d
e
n
t
s m
a
y
c
h
o
o
se
m
o
r
e
t
h
a
n
o
n
e
o
p
t
i
o
n
.
T
ab
le
7
illu
s
tr
ates
th
at
a
lar
g
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
a
r
e
awa
r
e
th
at
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
t
atio
n
m
ay
aid
in
i
)
p
r
ev
en
tin
g
a
n
ae
m
ia
(
9
1
.
9
%
in
C
ian
ju
r
an
d
8
3
.
3
%
in
Dep
o
k
)
,
ii
)
en
h
an
cin
g
co
n
c
en
tr
atio
n
(
5
7
.
7
%
in
C
ian
ju
r
an
d
6
2
.
5
%
i
n
Dep
o
k
)
,
an
d
iii
)
r
ed
u
cin
g
f
atig
u
e
(
6
1
%
in
C
ian
ju
r
an
d
6
8
.
3
%
i
n
De
p
o
k
)
.
Kn
o
wled
g
e
o
f
b
en
ef
its
o
r
r
ea
s
o
n
s
f
o
r
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
t
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
b
et
wee
n
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
i
n
C
ian
j
u
r
a
n
d
De
p
o
k
was
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
(
in
c
r
e
ased
wo
r
k
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
ity
p
=
0
.
0
2
2
,
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
lear
n
i
n
g
ca
p
a
city
p
=0
.
0
1
4
,
a
n
d
p
r
ev
en
ted
a
n
ae
m
ia
p
=
0
.
0
4
3
)
.
T
h
er
e
is
a
r
atio
n
ale
f
o
r
a
we
ek
ly
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
s
c
h
ed
u
l
e.
I
n
ter
m
itten
t
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
as
an
alter
n
ativ
e
to
th
e
u
s
u
al
d
aily
d
o
s
e
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
e
lim
ited
ab
s
o
r
p
tiv
e
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
th
e
i
n
test
in
al
ce
lls
,
wh
ich
lead
s
to
an
ac
c
u
m
u
lat
io
n
o
f
n
o
n
-
a
b
s
o
r
b
e
d
ir
o
n
in
th
e
in
test
in
al
m
u
co
s
a
an
d
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
s
id
e
ef
f
ec
ts
.
Si
n
ce
in
test
in
al
ce
ll
s
tu
r
n
o
v
er
ev
er
y
5
-
6
d
,
an
in
ter
m
itten
t
s
u
p
p
l
em
en
tatio
n
r
eg
im
e
wo
u
ld
ex
p
o
s
e
o
n
ly
n
ew
ce
ll
s
to
th
e
ir
o
n
c
o
m
p
o
u
n
d
,
in
c
r
ea
s
in
g
ab
s
o
r
p
tio
n
,
r
ed
u
cin
g
i
r
o
n
e
x
p
o
s
u
r
e
,
an
d
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
o
x
id
at
iv
e
s
tr
ess
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
e
lack
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e
an
d
awa
r
en
ess
am
o
n
g
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
an
ae
m
ia
an
d
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
co
n
t
r
ib
u
te
s
to
n
u
tr
itio
n
al
ch
allen
g
es
[
2
8
]
.
Sch
o
o
l
-
b
ased
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
with
I
FA
h
as
b
ee
n
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
in
r
e
d
u
cin
g
an
ae
m
ia
am
o
n
g
ad
o
lescen
t
f
e
m
ales,
an
d
W
o
r
ld
Hea
lth
Or
g
an
izatio
n
g
u
id
elin
es
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
in
ter
m
itten
t
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
f
o
r
a
d
o
lescen
ts
in
r
eg
io
n
s
wh
er
e
th
e
p
r
ev
alen
ce
is
h
ig
h
[
2
9
]
.
An
ae
m
ia
s
tatu
s
o
f
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
T
ab
le
8
.
T
ab
le
8
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
e
an
ae
m
ia
p
r
ev
alen
ce
in
f
e
m
ale
y
o
u
t
h
in
th
e
Dep
o
k
ar
ea
is
alm
o
s
t
th
r
ee
tim
es
h
ig
h
er
th
an
th
at
o
f
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
in
th
e
C
ian
ju
r
ar
ea
with
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
d
if
f
er
en
ce
in
th
eir
m
ea
n
h
e
m
o
g
lo
b
in
lev
els (
p
=0
.
0
0
0
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
0
6
I
n
t J Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
20
2
5
:
2
5
7
-
265
262
T
ab
le
8
.
An
ae
m
ia
s
tatu
s
am
o
n
g
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
[
n
(
%)]
A
n
a
e
m
i
a
st
a
t
u
s
H
i
g
h
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
3
Lo
w
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
n
=
1
2
0
p
A
n
a
e
m
i
a
(
H
b
<
1
2
m
g
/
d
L)
1
5
(
1
2
.
2
)
4
1
(
3
4
.
2
)
0
.
0
0
0
N
o
r
mal
(
H
b
≥
1
2
m
g
/
d
L)
1
0
8
(
8
7
.
8
)
7
9
(
6
5
.
8
)
M
e
a
n
±
S
D
H
b
(
m
g
/
d
L)
1
3
.
4
±
1
.
4
1
2
.
4
±
1
.
3
T
h
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
e
n
t
atio
n
tab
lets
to
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
is
am
o
n
g
v
ar
io
u
s
in
itiativ
es
aim
ed
at
en
h
an
cin
g
th
e
h
ea
lth
s
tatu
s
o
f
s
t
u
d
en
ts
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
[
3
0
]
.
T
h
e
im
p
lem
en
ter
o
f
th
e
I
FA
p
r
o
g
r
am
was
th
e
Nu
tr
itio
n
Ad
m
in
is
tr
a
to
r
at
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
th
e
p
eo
p
le
in
ch
a
r
g
e
o
f
th
e
I
FA
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
in
s
ch
o
o
l
wer
e
m
o
r
e
v
ar
ie
d
:
th
e
teac
h
e
r
o
f
s
tu
d
en
t
af
f
air
s
,
t
h
e
s
ch
o
o
l
p
r
in
ci
p
al
o
r
v
ice
p
r
in
cip
al,
ad
m
in
is
tr
atio
n
s
taf
f
,
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l’
s
p
u
b
lic
r
elatio
n
s
,
th
e
n
u
r
s
in
g
teac
h
er
,
a
n
d
th
e
Sch
o
o
l
Hea
lth
Un
it
teac
h
er
wh
o
co
o
r
d
in
ate
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
ca
d
r
es
o
r
Y
o
u
t
h
R
ed
C
r
o
s
s
m
em
b
er
s
to
d
is
tr
ib
u
te
I
FA
tab
lets
.
F
ig
u
r
e
1
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
h
o
w
th
e
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
en
ts
wer
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
to
th
e
r
elate
d
s
ch
o
o
ls
.
T
h
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
te
r
d
is
tr
i
b
u
tes
th
e
I
FA
tab
lets
d
ir
ec
tly
to
th
e
ta
r
g
et
s
ch
o
o
ls
.
So
m
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
s
,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
in
C
ian
ju
r
,
h
av
e
a
s
ch
ed
u
le
f
o
r
d
eliv
er
in
g
ir
o
n
tab
lets
to
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
with
a
m
o
n
th
ly
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
ch
ed
u
le.
I
n
c
o
n
tr
ast,
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
in
Dep
o
k
h
as a
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
ch
e
d
u
le
f
o
r
ev
er
y
th
r
ee
m
o
n
th
s
,
s
ix
m
o
n
t
h
s
,
o
r
o
n
ce
a
y
ea
r
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
s
ev
e
r
al
h
ea
lth
wo
r
k
er
s
s
aid
a
q
u
ite
s
tr
ateg
ic
I
FA
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
was c
h
o
s
en
at
th
e
tim
e
o
f
ac
a
d
em
ic
r
ep
o
r
t
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
at
th
e
s
ch
o
o
ls
(
ev
er
y
s
ix
m
o
n
th
s
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
I
FA d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es f
r
o
m
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
to
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
Af
ter
th
e
r
e
q
u
est wa
s
ac
ce
p
ted
,
th
en
I
FA ta
b
lets
wer
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
to
s
ch
o
o
ls
.
T
h
e
r
e
wer
e
tw
o
way
s
o
f
I
FA d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
u
b
l
ic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
to
s
ch
o
o
ls
.
T
i
m
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
in
th
e
I
FA d
is
t
r
ib
u
tio
n
s
ch
ed
u
le
t
o
tar
g
et
s
ch
o
o
ls
will
af
f
ec
t
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
en
ts
g
i
v
en
to
s
ch
o
o
ls
.
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
,
wh
ich
h
ad
a
s
ch
ed
u
le
o
f
ad
m
i
n
is
ter
in
g
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
e
n
t
tab
lets
o
n
ce
a
y
ea
r
,
will
p
r
o
v
id
e
5
2
ir
o
n
tab
l
ets
d
ir
ec
tly
to
ea
c
h
s
tu
d
en
t.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
way
is
th
at
th
er
e
was
a
p
o
lic
y
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
f
o
r
an
y
r
e
p
r
esen
tativ
es
o
f
th
e
tar
g
eted
s
ch
o
o
ls
to
c
o
m
e
to
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
to
ta
k
e
i
r
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
en
ts
.
T
h
is
p
o
licy
was im
p
lem
en
ted
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
e
in
c
o
n
s
is
ten
t
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
ch
ed
u
le
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
to
ta
r
g
eted
s
ch
o
o
ls
d
u
e
to
th
e
b
u
s
y
ac
tiv
ities
o
f
th
e
h
ea
lth
wo
r
k
er
s
o
f
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
.
Un
f
o
r
tu
n
ately
,
in
r
ea
lity
,
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
I
FA
tab
lets
d
id
n
o
t
alwa
y
s
f
o
llo
w
th
e
p
lan
n
ed
s
ch
ed
u
le.
Acc
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
th
e
h
ea
lth
wo
r
k
er
s
,
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
m
eth
o
d
(
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
to
o
k
th
e
ir
o
n
tab
lets
at
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
)
was
in
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
an
d
r
e
s
u
lted
in
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
n
o
t
r
ec
eiv
in
g
th
e
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
le
m
en
ts
.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
its
elf
m
u
s
t
s
en
d
th
e
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
le
m
en
ts
to
th
e
tar
g
eted
s
ch
o
o
ls
.
T
h
e
s
ch
o
o
l a
ls
o
ad
m
itted
th
at
th
e
p
u
b
li
c
h
ea
lth
c
en
ter
s
o
m
etim
es d
id
n
o
t c
o
m
e
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
s
ch
ed
u
le,
b
u
t th
is
o
n
ly
h
ap
p
en
ed
in
cid
en
tally
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
s
ch
o
o
ls
also
h
av
e
th
eir
way
o
f
g
iv
in
g
I
FA
tab
lets
to
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
m
eth
o
d
was
to
d
is
tr
ib
u
te
th
e
i
r
o
n
tab
lets
ac
c
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
t
er
.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
as
h
ap
p
en
e
d
in
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
s
lo
ca
ted
in
Dep
o
k
,
th
e
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
all
I
FA
tab
lets
o
n
ly
o
n
e
tim
e
f
o
r
o
n
e
y
ea
r
,
wh
ic
h
m
ea
n
s
th
er
e
was
a
s
ch
o
o
l
d
ir
e
ctly
g
iv
in
g
5
2
I
FA
tab
lets
(
f
o
r
o
n
e
y
ea
r
s
u
p
p
ly
)
to
ea
ch
s
tu
d
en
t.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
m
eth
o
d
was
to
d
is
tr
ib
u
te
th
e
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
en
ts
ev
er
y
wee
k
,
alth
o
u
g
h
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lt
h
ce
n
ter
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
s
to
ck
f
o
r
m
o
r
e
th
an
o
n
e
wee
k
.
T
h
e
r
e
was
o
n
e
s
ch
o
o
l
i
n
Dep
o
k
th
at
r
ec
ei
v
ed
I
FA
s
to
ck
s
f
o
r
o
n
e
y
ea
r
b
u
t c
h
o
s
e
to
d
is
tr
ib
u
t
e
th
em
ev
er
y
wee
k
to
t
h
eir
f
e
m
ale
y
o
u
th
an
d
k
ee
p
th
e
r
est o
f
th
e
I
FA a
t sch
o
o
l.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
0
6
A
n
a
emia
:
fe
ma
le
y
o
u
th
’
s
kn
o
w
led
g
e
a
n
d
s
u
p
p
leme
n
ta
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
ma
n
a
g
eme
n
t
(
A
li K
h
o
msa
n
)
263
T
h
e
ad
m
in
is
tr
atio
n
o
f
I
FA
tab
lets
to
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
also
h
as
s
ev
er
al
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
we
r
e
at
least
f
o
u
r
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
o
f
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
le
m
en
t
ad
m
in
is
tr
atio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
f
o
r
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
ce
n
ar
io
was
th
e
h
ea
lth
wo
r
k
er
s
d
ir
ec
tly
g
av
e
I
FA
tab
lets
to
th
e
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
.
T
h
is
s
ce
n
ar
io
is
a
co
m
m
o
n
way
f
o
r
p
u
b
li
c
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
s
,
wh
ich
h
av
e
a
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
ch
ed
u
le
o
f
s
ix
m
o
n
th
s
o
r
o
n
ce
a
y
ea
r
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
ce
n
ar
io
was
th
e
h
ea
lth
wo
r
k
er
s
g
av
e
th
e
I
FA
s
u
p
p
le
m
en
t
f
ir
s
th
an
d
to
th
e
ap
p
o
in
t
ed
teac
h
er
(
a
teac
h
er
wh
o
is
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
th
is
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
)
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
ap
p
o
in
ted
teac
h
er
g
av
e
it to
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
T
h
e
th
ir
d
s
ce
n
ar
io
was w
h
en
th
e
h
ea
lth
wo
r
k
er
s
g
av
e
th
e
I
FA
tab
let
to
t
h
e
a
p
p
o
in
ted
teac
h
e
r
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
teac
h
er
h
a
n
d
ed
it
o
v
er
to
th
e
Yo
u
t
h
R
ed
C
r
o
s
s
ca
d
r
es
o
r
th
e
class
lead
er
s
,
a
n
d
t
h
ey
h
ad
th
e
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ilit
y
t
o
g
i
v
e
it
to
th
e
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
.
T
h
e
last
s
ce
n
ar
io
(
4
th
s
ce
n
ar
io
)
was
th
e
a
p
p
o
in
ted
te
ac
h
er
g
iv
in
g
it
to
th
e
h
o
m
e
r
o
o
m
teac
h
er
,
an
d
th
e
h
o
m
er
o
o
m
t
ea
ch
er
f
in
ally
g
iv
in
g
it to
th
e
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
.
T
h
ese
f
o
u
r
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
wer
e
well
-
d
is
p
er
s
ed
b
o
th
in
De
p
o
k
a
n
d
in
C
ian
ju
r
.
Af
ter
th
e
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
r
ec
eiv
e
th
e
I
FA
tab
lets
,
two
ac
tio
n
s
m
ay
o
cc
u
r
d
ep
e
n
d
in
g
o
n
t
h
eir
s
ch
o
o
l
p
o
licy
:
wh
eth
er
th
e
I
FA
s
u
p
p
l
em
en
t
is
co
n
s
u
m
ed
to
g
eth
er
a
t
s
ch
o
o
l
o
r
b
r
o
u
g
h
t
th
e
I
FA
tab
lets
h
o
m
e
b
y
th
e
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
.
Dep
o
k
a
n
d
C
ian
ju
r
f
o
u
n
d
s
o
m
e
s
ch
o
o
ls
th
at
h
a
v
e
a
p
o
licy
to
ta
k
e
th
e
ir
o
n
tab
l
ets
to
g
eth
er
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
wo
m
en
’
s
a
ctiv
ity
d
ay
o
r
a
n
o
th
er
p
r
ed
eter
m
in
ed
d
ay
.
Yet
,
th
e
teac
h
er
s
ad
m
itted
th
at
tak
in
g
th
e
ir
o
n
tab
lets
to
g
eth
er
was
o
n
ly
co
n
d
u
cted
at
th
e
b
eg
in
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
I
FA
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
.
Fo
r
th
e
n
ex
t
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
tim
e
o
f
I
FA,
th
ey
wer
e
n
o
lo
n
g
er
tak
i
n
g
th
e
tab
lets
to
g
eth
er
.
I
t c
o
m
p
licate
s
th
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
I
FA c
o
m
p
l
ian
ce
(
o
b
ed
ie
n
ce
)
.
An
o
th
er
f
in
d
in
g
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
p
er
tain
s
to
th
e
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
o
f
ir
o
n
tab
lets
to
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
wh
o
wer
e
ab
s
en
t
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
I
FA
ad
m
in
is
tr
atio
n
d
ay
.
T
h
e
s
ch
o
o
l
s
tated
th
at
th
e
ir
o
n
tab
lets
wer
e
en
tr
u
s
ted
t
o
th
e
Yo
u
t
h
R
ed
C
r
o
s
s
ca
d
r
es
o
r
a
f
r
ie
n
d
.
Ho
we
v
er
,
th
e
y
d
id
n
o
t k
n
o
w
wh
eth
er
th
e
I
FA w
a
s
g
iv
en
o
r
r
ec
eiv
ed
b
y
th
e
ab
s
en
tee
o
r
n
o
t.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
o
f
th
e
I
FA
p
r
o
g
r
am
h
av
e
f
iv
e
g
e
n
er
al
p
r
o
b
lem
s
:
th
er
e
ar
e
lim
itatio
n
s
o
n
h
u
m
an
r
eso
u
r
c
es,
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
’
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
(
it
is
n
o
t
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
tak
e
I
FA
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
f
ee
lin
g
h
ea
lth
y
,
th
e
ap
p
ea
r
an
ce
o
f
I
FA
m
ak
es
th
em
u
n
willin
g
to
co
n
s
u
m
e)
,
s
id
e
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
I
FA
(
n
au
s
ea
,
d
izzy
)
,
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
(
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
was
n
o
t
s
u
s
tain
ab
l
e,
n
o
b
u
d
g
et
av
ailab
l
e,
an
d
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
(
u
n
ce
r
tain
v
is
itin
g
s
ch
ed
u
le)
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
C
o
n
s
tr
ain
ts
o
n
im
p
le
m
en
tin
g
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
T
h
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
o
f
th
e
I
FA
p
r
o
g
r
am
h
a
v
e
f
iv
e
g
en
e
r
al
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
p
r
o
b
lem
is
r
elate
d
to
th
e
lim
ited
(
n
o
t
en
o
u
g
h
)
h
u
m
an
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
B
o
th
im
p
lem
en
ter
s
(
t
h
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
an
d
s
ch
o
o
ls
)
f
elt
th
ei
r
wo
r
k
ac
tiv
ities
wer
e
to
o
m
an
y
,
s
o
th
ey
co
u
ld
n
o
t
im
p
lem
en
t
th
e
I
FA
p
r
o
g
r
am
co
n
s
is
ten
tly
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
r
o
b
lem
is
r
elate
d
to
th
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
a
n
d
r
e
p
o
r
tin
g
o
f
th
e
I
FA
p
r
o
g
r
am
.
I
t
s
aid
it
is
d
if
f
icu
lt
to
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
o
b
ed
ien
ce
/co
m
p
lian
ce
in
tak
i
n
g
th
e
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
e
n
t
tab
let
s
as
th
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
d
o
n
e
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
.
T
h
e
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
i
n
a
n
in
co
m
p
lete
way
,
f
illed
r
esu
lts
,
s
o
t
h
e
p
u
b
l
ic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
n
ee
d
ed
h
elp
m
ak
in
g
r
e
p
o
r
ts
s
in
ce
teac
h
er
s
n
ee
d
ed
to
lear
n
h
o
w
t
o
d
o
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
an
d
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
,
an
d
t
h
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
f
e
lt
th
er
e
was
a
n
ee
d
f
o
r
a
s
p
ec
ial
b
u
d
g
et
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
ch
allen
g
e
s
wer
e
id
en
tifie
d
in
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
p
r
o
c
ess
o
f
ir
o
n
tab
lets
to
s
ch
o
o
ls
an
d
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
th
e
s
ch
ed
u
le
f
o
r
th
e
v
is
it
b
y
th
e
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
was
o
f
ten
er
r
atic
(
u
n
s
ch
ed
u
led
)
a
n
d
s
o
m
etim
es
n
ee
d
ed
to
m
atch
th
e
teac
h
in
g
an
d
lear
n
in
g
ac
tiv
ities
,
f
o
r
ex
am
p
le,
th
e
tim
e
o
f
ex
am
s
o
r
o
th
e
r
s
tu
d
y
i
n
g
ac
tiv
ities
t
h
at
ca
n
n
o
t
s
u
d
d
e
n
ly
b
e
in
ter
r
u
p
ted
b
y
t
h
e
I
FA
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
.
T
ea
ch
er
s
also
s
tated
th
er
e
wer
e
tim
es
wh
en
I
FA
was
n
o
t
d
is
tr
ib
u
te
d
d
ir
ec
tly
to
th
eir
s
tu
d
en
ts
s
in
ce
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
was
n
o
t
ac
c
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l’
s
n
ee
d
s
(
to
o
f
ew/n
o
t
en
o
u
g
h
ir
o
n
s
u
p
p
lem
e
n
t
tab
lets
)
to
av
o
i
d
co
n
f
u
s
io
n
a
m
o
n
g
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
o
r
th
e
s
ch
o
o
ls
d
id
n
o
t
h
av
e
a
m
e
ch
an
is
m
f
o
r
d
is
tr
ib
u
tin
g
I
FA to
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
.
T
h
e
f
o
u
r
th
p
r
o
b
lem
is
r
elate
d
t
o
th
e
s
id
e
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
c
o
n
s
u
m
in
g
ir
o
n
tab
lets
,
s
u
ch
as
f
ee
lin
g
n
au
s
e
o
u
s
an
d
d
izzy
a
f
ter
tak
in
g
th
e
ir
o
n
tab
lets
.
T
h
e
las
t
p
r
o
b
lem
r
elate
s
to
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t’
s
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
o
f
I
FA,
wh
ich
i
s
s
till
tr
o
u
b
leso
m
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
0
6
I
n
t J Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
20
2
5
:
2
5
7
-
265
264
s
in
ce
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
p
er
ce
iv
e
th
e
I
FA
tab
lets
as
m
ed
icin
e.
He
n
ce
,
th
ey
f
elt
it
was
u
n
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
co
n
s
u
m
e
it
if
th
ey
wer
e
in
g
o
o
d
h
ea
lth
.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
,
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
also
d
o
n
o
t u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
th
e
b
en
ef
its
o
f
I
FA ta
b
lets
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tatio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
ch
an
ce
to
a
d
d
r
ess
m
aln
u
tr
itio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
(
a
n
ae
m
ia
)
in
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
.
B
ased
o
n
t
h
e
q
u
an
titativ
e
r
esu
lts
,
we
f
o
u
n
d
th
a
t
n
o
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
in
b
o
th
ar
ea
s
h
ad
g
o
o
d
n
u
tr
itio
n
k
n
o
wled
g
e
,
an
d
th
e
s
co
r
e
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e
was
s
till
b
elo
w
6
0
.
T
h
e
h
ig
h
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
f
em
ale
y
o
u
th
with
lim
ited
n
u
tr
itio
n
k
n
o
wled
g
e
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es
th
e
n
ec
ess
ity
o
f
n
u
tr
i
tio
n
ed
u
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
s
ch
o
o
l
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
T
h
e
q
u
alitativ
e
r
esu
lts
,
in
clu
d
in
g
th
e
in
p
u
t
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
-
o
u
t
p
u
t
in
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
I
FA
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
,
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
o
c
u
m
en
ted
,
p
r
o
v
i
d
in
g
s
ev
er
al
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
in
o
r
d
er
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
I
FA
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t.
T
h
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
o
f
th
e
I
FA
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
in
v
o
lv
e
i
)
th
e
lim
itatio
n
o
f
h
u
m
an
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
;
ii
)
th
e
d
if
f
ic
u
lties
in
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
th
e
I
FA
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
;
iii
)
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
th
e
I
FA
s
u
p
p
lem
en
t,
wh
ich
h
as
s
p
ec
if
ic
tech
n
ical
p
r
o
b
lem
s
s
u
c
h
as
u
n
ce
r
tain
v
i
s
itin
g
s
ch
ed
u
le
b
y
s
taf
f
s
o
f
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
ce
n
ter
;
iv
)
lo
w
a
d
h
er
en
ce
d
u
e
to
s
id
e
ef
f
ec
t o
f
I
FA (
n
au
s
ea
an
d
d
izz
in
ess
)
; a
n
d
v
)
th
e
s
tu
d
e
n
t’
s
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
o
f
I
FA w
h
ich
is
s
till
tr
o
u
b
leso
m
e
s
in
ce
it
was p
er
ce
iv
ed
as a
d
r
u
g
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
team
wo
u
ld
li
k
e
to
th
an
k
an
d
ap
p
r
ec
iate
th
e
Ney
s
-
v
an
Ho
o
g
s
tr
aten
F
o
u
n
d
atio
n
,
th
e
Neth
er
lan
d
s
f
o
r
f
u
n
d
in
g
th
e
r
esear
ch
(
I
N3
2
5
)
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
n
I
n
st
i
t
u
t
e
o
f
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
s
,
“
B
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
a
l
c
h
a
n
g
e
c
o
mm
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
e
r
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
s
f
o
r
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
p
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
:
C
o
n
su
m
p
t
i
o
n
p
a
t
t
e
r
n
s
,
p
a
r
e
n
t
i
n
g
,
p
e
r
so
n
a
l
a
n
d
e
n
v
i
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B
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RAP
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RS
Ali
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lt
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c
.
id
.
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