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1.
I
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Fev
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p
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[
1
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I
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th
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p
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[
2
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[
3
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,
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[
4
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T
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ity
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th
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n
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d
f
o
r
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x
tr
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m
ed
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atten
tio
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[
5
]
.
Fev
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is
a
p
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lo
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ac
tio
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to
in
f
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c
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s
tr
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p
r
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life
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atio
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o
f
b
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[
6
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,
[
7
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,
n
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a
life
-
th
r
ea
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in
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co
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d
itio
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[
7
]
–
[
9
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.
Giv
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ev
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ce
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ev
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p
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co
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m
o
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p
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ac
tice
[
1
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.
W
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b
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ev
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x
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en
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[
1
1
]
.
Fev
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in
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eu
r
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io
r
atio
n
[
1
2
]
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
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f
e
v
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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Or
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[
9
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,
[
1
5
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–
[
1
7
]
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
Am
er
ican
Aca
d
em
y
o
f
Ped
iatr
ics
(
AAP)
is
s
u
ed
a
p
o
licy
s
tatem
en
t
s
tatin
g
th
er
e
is
n
o
ev
id
en
ce
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
an
tip
y
r
etics to
lo
wer
f
e
v
er
in
all
f
e
b
r
ile
ch
ild
r
e
n
[
1
8
]
–
[
2
1
]
.
W
ith
in
a
wid
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
f
ev
er
r
em
ed
ies,
th
ey
ar
e
class
if
ied
in
to
two
m
ain
ca
teg
o
r
ies:
p
h
y
s
ical
r
em
ed
ies
an
d
p
h
ar
m
ac
eu
tical
m
ed
icatio
n
s
.
Ph
ar
m
ac
o
lo
g
ical
tr
ea
tm
en
ts
,
in
clu
d
in
g
a
n
tip
y
r
e
tics
,
ar
e
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
p
r
ac
ticed
an
d
h
a
v
e
ef
f
ec
ts
b
y
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
s
y
n
t
h
esis
o
f
p
r
o
s
tag
lan
d
in
.
I
t
r
aises
p
er
ip
h
e
r
al
v
aso
d
ilatio
n
alo
n
g
with
h
ea
t
lo
s
s
an
d
also
r
esets
th
e
h
y
p
o
t
h
alam
ic
th
er
m
o
r
eg
u
l
ato
r
y
ce
n
ter
to
n
o
r
m
al
[
2
2
]
.
I
n
m
o
s
t
ca
s
es,
ev
en
tak
in
g
alter
n
ate
an
tip
y
r
etic
r
e
g
im
en
s
b
ased
o
n
a
lack
o
f
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
to
m
o
n
o
t
h
er
ap
y
a
n
d
a
m
ed
ical
in
d
icatio
n
[
7
]
,
[
2
3
]
.
Desp
ite
p
ar
en
ts
b
eli
ef
th
at
th
e
d
r
u
g
s
m
ay
ad
v
er
s
ely
af
f
ec
t
th
e
s
to
m
ac
h
,
h
ar
m
th
e
k
id
n
e
y
s
,
d
a
m
ag
e
th
e
liv
er
,
in
h
i
b
it
th
e
im
m
u
n
e
s
y
s
tem
,
o
r
tr
ig
g
er
aller
g
ic
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
es,
it
r
em
ain
s
ess
en
tial
to
tr
ea
t
f
ev
er
with
an
tip
y
r
etics
[
2
4
]
.
I
n
co
n
tr
a
s
t,
p
h
y
s
ical
r
em
ed
ies
in
clu
d
in
g
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
,
wo
r
k
d
i
f
f
er
en
tly
th
a
n
an
tip
y
r
etics.
I
t
wo
r
k
s
b
y
r
eso
l
v
in
g
th
e
m
etab
o
lically
ex
p
e
n
s
iv
e
ef
f
ec
to
r
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
in
d
u
c
ed
b
y
th
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
s
et
p
o
in
t
[
2
5
]
.
Ph
y
s
ical
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ar
e
n
o
n
-
p
h
a
r
m
ac
o
lo
g
ical
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
.
I
t
en
co
m
p
ass
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
m
eth
o
d
s
to
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
h
ea
t
lo
s
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
o
f
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
,
co
n
v
ec
tio
n
,
an
d
e
v
ap
o
r
atio
n
[
2
6
]
–
[
2
8
]
.
B
asic
co
o
lin
g
s
tr
ateg
ies,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
p
r
ac
tice
o
f
r
em
o
v
in
g
clo
th
in
g
an
d
b
lan
k
ets,
a
p
p
ly
in
g
a
we
t
to
wel,
o
r
u
s
in
g
a
f
an
,
war
m
co
m
p
r
ess
es,
ar
e
em
p
lo
y
ed
to
r
ea
c
h
th
e
tar
g
et
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
[
2
8
]
,
[
2
9
]
.
T
h
e
lack
o
f
s
tan
d
ar
d
iz
atio
n
o
f
non
-
p
h
ar
m
ac
o
lo
g
ical
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
s
in
n
u
r
s
es
’
clin
ical
p
r
ac
tice
r
eq
u
ir
es
th
e
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
b
est
s
cien
tific
ev
id
en
ce
to
a
d
m
in
is
ter
n
o
n
-
p
h
a
r
m
ac
o
lo
g
ical
tr
ea
tm
en
ts
f
o
r
f
eb
r
ile
ch
ild
r
en
,
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
len
g
th
o
f
s
tay
an
d
en
h
a
n
cin
g
t
h
e
q
u
ality
o
f
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
an
d
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
in
g
.
E
v
er
y
p
a
r
en
t w
ill en
co
u
n
ter
c
h
ild
r
en
with
a
f
e
v
er
.
Ma
n
y
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
ar
e
u
s
e
d
b
ased
o
n
tr
ad
itio
n
,
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
p
h
y
s
ician
s
,
o
r
h
ea
lth
b
elief
s
.
T
h
i
s
s
tu
d
y
ad
d
r
ess
es
th
e
wid
esp
r
ea
d
u
s
e
b
y
p
ar
en
ts
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
n
o
n
-
p
h
a
r
m
ac
o
lo
g
ic
al
p
h
y
s
ical
c
o
o
lin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
t
o
m
an
ag
e
f
ev
er
in
ch
ild
r
e
n
at
h
o
m
e,
o
f
ten
b
ased
o
n
m
is
co
n
ce
p
tio
n
s
an
d
with
o
u
t
s
cien
tific
v
alid
atio
n
.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
ativ
e
r
ev
iew
is
th
e
p
r
o
p
er
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
id
en
tify
in
g
p
a
r
en
ts
’
in
ter
v
en
ti
o
n
s
f
o
r
f
ev
er
is
h
ch
ild
r
e
n
.
T
h
e
m
ajo
r
ity
o
f
th
e
r
esear
ch
p
u
b
lis
h
ed
was c
o
n
d
u
cted
in
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
ca
r
e
s
ettin
g
s
,
as
f
ev
er
is
a
s
y
m
p
to
m
o
f
a
s
p
e
cif
ic
d
is
ea
s
e
an
d
is
tr
ea
ted
in
a
h
o
s
p
ital
o
r
clin
ic
s
ettin
g
.
I
n
t
h
e
m
ea
n
tim
e,
p
u
b
licatio
n
o
f
r
esear
ch
f
in
d
in
g
s
r
elate
d
to
h
o
m
e
f
ev
e
r
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
r
em
ain
s
r
estricte
d
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
aim
s
to
id
en
tify
an
ev
id
e
n
ce
-
b
ased
p
o
p
u
latio
n
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
f
o
r
h
o
m
e
f
ev
er
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Desig
n
T
o
co
m
p
ile
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
n
n
o
n
-
p
h
ar
m
ac
o
lo
g
i
ca
l
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
f
o
r
f
ev
e
r
m
an
ag
em
en
t
at
h
o
m
e
,
a
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
liter
atu
r
e
r
ev
iew
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t.
T
h
e
p
r
ef
e
r
r
ed
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
item
s
f
o
r
s
y
s
tem
atic
r
ev
iews
an
d
m
eta
-
an
aly
s
es
(
PR
I
SMA
)
ch
ec
k
lis
t
f
o
r
s
y
s
te
m
atic
r
ev
iews
w
as
f
o
llo
wed
in
th
e
co
n
d
u
ct
o
f
th
e
r
ev
iew
[
3
0
]
.
2
.
2
.
Sea
rc
h
m
et
ho
ds
Usi
n
g
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
elec
tr
o
n
ic
d
atab
ases
,
in
clu
d
in
g
Pro
Qu
est,
Pu
b
m
ed
,
SC
O
PUS,
E
B
S
C
O,
Go
o
g
le
Sch
o
lar
,
a
n
d
C
o
ch
r
an
e,
an
au
t
o
m
ated
liter
atu
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
co
v
er
in
g
th
e
p
e
r
io
d
f
r
o
m
J
an
u
ar
y
2
0
1
3
to
A
u
g
u
s
t 2
0
2
3
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t.
A
wid
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
p
e
r
tin
en
t
s
u
b
jects
wer
e
co
v
er
ed
b
y
th
e
s
ea
r
ch
p
h
r
ases
u
s
ed
,
s
u
ch
as
“
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
,
”
“
non
-
p
h
a
r
m
ac
o
lo
g
ical,
”
“
f
ev
er
,
”
“
p
a
r
e
n
ts
’
f
ev
er
m
an
a
g
em
en
t,
”
“
h
o
m
e
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t
o
f
f
ev
er
,
”
an
d
“
f
ev
er
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t
in
ch
ild
r
en
.
”
E
ac
h
ter
m
wa
s
s
ea
r
ch
ed
f
o
r
s
ep
ar
ately
o
r
in
co
m
b
in
atio
n
u
s
in
g
b
o
o
lean
o
p
e
r
ato
r
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
lo
o
k
s
at
h
o
w
p
ar
en
ts
m
an
ag
e
th
eir
ch
ild
’
s
f
ev
e
r
,
f
o
cu
s
in
g
esp
ec
ially
o
n
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
.
T
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
ies
f
o
r
th
is
liter
atu
r
e
r
ev
iew
was
ac
h
iev
ed
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
ass
ess
m
en
t
o
f
all
th
e
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
,
wh
ich
was
p
r
ec
ed
ed
b
y
a
s
u
m
m
a
r
y
o
f
th
e
ar
ti
cl
e
titl
es,
ab
s
tr
ac
t
s
,
an
d
k
e
y
wo
r
d
s
.
2
.
3
.
I
nclus
io
n
cr
it
er
ia
All
s
tu
d
ies
th
at
m
et
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
wer
e
in
clu
d
e
d
in
th
is
r
e
v
iew:
i
)
p
o
p
u
latio
n
:
p
ar
e
n
ts
,
f
am
ilies
,
o
r
in
d
iv
id
u
als
wh
o
d
ea
l
with
f
ev
er
s
at
h
o
m
e
.
ii
)
C
r
o
s
s
-
s
ec
t
io
n
al
s
tu
d
ies,
ca
s
e
r
ep
o
r
ts
,
s
u
r
v
ey
s
,
q
u
an
titativ
e
an
d
q
u
alitativ
e
s
t
u
d
ies,
an
d
m
ix
ed
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
ii
)
P
o
p
u
latio
n
-
b
ased
s
tu
d
ies,
r
ep
o
r
ted
r
esu
lt
d
ata
o
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
0
6
Ho
me
feve
r
ma
n
a
g
eme
n
t in
c
h
ild
r
en
:
a
s
y
s
tema
tic
r
ev
iew
(
F
a
iz
a
Yu
n
ia
ti
)
531
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
f
o
r
h
o
m
e
f
e
v
er
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t
.
iv
)
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
m
ild
f
ev
er
s
an
d
m
an
ag
ea
b
le
at
h
o
m
e
.
A
nd
v
)
s
tu
d
ies
th
at
we
r
e
p
u
b
li
s
h
ed
b
etwe
en
J
an
u
ar
y
2
0
1
3
a
n
d
Au
g
u
s
t 1
2
,
2
0
2
3
,
an
d
wr
itte
n
in
E
n
g
lis
h
.
2
.
4
.
E
x
clus
io
n
cr
it
er
ia
E
v
er
y
s
tu
d
y
t
h
at
m
et
ev
en
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
cr
iter
ia
f
o
r
ex
clu
s
io
n
was
elim
in
ate
d
:
cli
n
ical
s
tu
d
ies
(
b
asic
r
esear
ch
an
d
la
b
m
ed
icin
e)
,
r
e
p
o
r
ts
,
b
o
o
k
s
ec
tio
n
s
,
letter
s
to
th
e
e
d
ito
r
,
e
d
ito
r
ials
,
s
y
s
tem
atic
r
ev
iews,
m
eta
-
an
aly
s
es,
r
an
d
o
m
ized
co
n
tr
o
lled
tr
ials
,
an
d
s
tu
d
ies
with
u
n
clea
r
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
wer
e
all
ex
clu
d
ed
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
o
n
h
ig
h
f
ev
er
r
esu
ltin
g
f
r
o
m
a
v
e
r
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ik
e
f
eb
r
ile
s
eizu
r
es,
th
is
illn
e
s
s
is
th
o
u
g
h
t
to
b
e
s
elf
-
m
a
n
a
g
ea
b
le
an
d
ca
n
b
e
tr
ea
ted
at
h
o
m
e
with
n
o
n
p
h
ar
m
ac
o
lo
g
ical
o
r
p
h
a
r
m
ac
o
lo
g
ical
m
ed
icatio
n
.
I
n
p
e
d
i
a
t
r
i
c
p
r
a
c
t
ic
e
,
n
o
r
m
a
l
b
o
d
y
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
r
a
n
g
es
i
n
cl
u
d
e
n
e
o
n
a
t
e
s
3
6
.
1
-
3
7
.
7
°C
,
tw
o
y
e
a
r
o
l
d
s
3
7
.
2
°C
,
a
n
d
1
2
y
e
a
r
o
l
d
s
3
7
°C
[
4
0
]
.
T
h
e
m
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
o
f
p
a
r
e
n
ts
d
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
i
r
c
h
i
l
d
’
s
b
o
d
y
t
em
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
b
y
t
a
c
t
il
e
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
[
2
4
]
,
[
3
3
]
–
[
3
5
]
,
o
n
l
y
a
f
e
w
u
s
e
t
h
e
r
m
o
m
e
t
e
r
[
2
4
]
,
[
3
5
]
a
n
d
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
tu
r
e
o
n
f
o
r
e
h
e
a
d
,
e
a
r
[
3
3
]
,
[
3
7
]
,
a
r
m
p
i
t
[
3
3
]
,
[
3
8
]
o
r
r
e
c
t
u
m
[
3
7
]
,
a
n
d
a
l
s
o
m
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
m
u
s
e
n
o
n
-
p
r
e
s
c
r
i
p
t
i
o
n
a
n
ti
p
y
r
e
t
i
c
s
[
1
2
]
,
[
2
4
]
,
[
3
2
]
,
[
3
4
]
.
F
a
m
i
l
i
e
s
t
h
a
t
h
a
v
e
t
h
e
r
m
o
m
e
t
e
r
s
r
e
g
u
l
a
r
l
y
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
t
h
e
i
r
f
e
v
e
r
i
s
h
c
h
il
d
r
e
n
e
v
e
r
y
1
5
-
3
0
m
i
n
u
t
e
s
[
5
]
,
[
3
4
]
,
[
3
6
]
.
T
a
c
t
i
l
e
te
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
i
s
p
r
ac
t
i
c
al
,
b
u
t
i
t i
s
n
o
t p
r
e
c
is
e
.
Pa
r
e
n
t
s
w
il
l
n
e
ed
a
t
h
e
r
m
o
m
e
t
e
r
at
h
o
m
e
t
o
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
t
h
e
te
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
b
e
f
o
r
e
a
d
m
i
n
i
s
t
e
r
i
n
g
m
e
d
i
c
at
i
o
n
[
3
2
]
,
[
4
1
]
.
T
h
e
Natio
n
al
I
n
s
titu
te
f
o
r
Hea
lth
an
d
C
ar
e
E
x
ce
llen
ce
s
u
g
g
ests
u
tili
zin
g
an
elec
tr
o
n
ic
th
er
m
o
m
eter
an
d
an
a
p
p
r
o
p
r
ia
te
s
ite
to
ch
ec
k
a
ch
ild
’
s
b
o
d
y
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
i
n
th
e
ar
m
p
it
[
3
1
]
,
esp
ec
ially
f
o
r
ch
ild
r
e
n
b
etwe
en
one
m
o
n
th
a
n
d
f
iv
e
y
ea
r
s
o
ld
[
4
2
]
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
an
ti
p
y
r
etics
r
e
m
ain
th
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
o
f
f
ev
er
tr
ea
tm
en
t
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
d
o
cto
r
’
s
p
r
escr
ip
tio
n
[
2
4
]
,
[
3
1
]
,
[
3
3
]
,
[
3
8
]
,
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
m
ea
s
u
r
es
ar
e
also
ap
p
l
ied
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
r
ep
r
esen
t six
o
f
t
h
e
n
o
n
-
p
h
ar
m
ac
o
lo
g
ical
b
o
d
y
c
o
o
lin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
r
ev
iewe
d
in
t
h
e
liter
atu
r
e.
3
.
1
.
T
a
k
ing
o
f
f
ex
ce
s
s
clo
t
hes
R
em
o
v
in
g
e
x
ce
s
s
clo
th
in
g
an
d
ch
a
n
g
in
g
th
e
ch
ild
'
s
clo
th
e
s
,
s
h
ee
ts
,
an
d
b
lan
k
et
to
th
in
an
d
lig
h
t
m
ater
ials
is
th
e
f
ir
s
t
ac
tio
n
th
at
p
ar
en
ts
tak
e
af
ter
k
n
o
win
g
ab
o
u
t
th
e
f
ev
er
is
h
ch
ild
[
5
]
,
[
3
1
]
,
[
3
4
]
.
T
ak
in
g
o
f
f
clo
th
es
is
an
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
m
eth
o
d
to
l
o
wer
th
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
ev
a
p
o
r
atio
n
an
d
co
n
v
e
ctio
n
.
T
h
e
o
r
etica
lly
,
th
is
m
ig
h
t
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
b
y
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
p
er
ip
h
er
al
v
aso
c
o
n
s
tr
ictio
n
an
d
th
er
e
b
y
allo
win
g
h
ea
t
to
b
e
lo
s
t
m
o
r
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
[
4
3
]
,
[
4
4
]
.
3
.
2
.
E
x
t
r
a
f
lui
d
C
h
ild
r
en
lo
s
e
a
lo
t
o
f
wate
r
d
u
e
to
f
ev
er
.
Deh
y
d
r
atio
n
m
ay
o
cc
u
r
wh
en
a
f
e
v
er
p
er
s
is
t
s
f
o
r
a
n
ex
ten
d
ed
p
er
io
d
o
f
tim
e.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
p
ar
en
ts
s
h
o
u
ld
e
n
co
u
r
ag
e
th
eir
ch
ild
r
e
n
to
co
n
s
u
m
e
m
o
r
e
wate
r
.
T
h
e
r
ev
iewe
d
ar
ticle
ex
am
in
es
th
e
p
r
ac
tice
o
f
p
a
r
en
ts
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
m
o
r
e
f
lu
id
in
tak
e
f
o
r
f
ev
er
i
s
h
ch
ild
r
en
[
3
1
]
,
[
3
6
]
.
Desp
ite
e
n
co
u
n
ter
in
g
ch
allen
g
es r
elate
d
to
a
lack
o
f
ap
p
etite,
wh
ich
f
r
eq
u
en
tly
e
n
d
s
in
ep
is
o
d
es o
f
v
o
m
itin
g
.
Fev
er
im
p
o
s
es
m
etab
o
lic
d
em
an
d
s
,
wh
ich
lead
s
to
wate
r
lo
s
s
.
Deh
y
d
r
atio
n
will
o
cc
u
r
if
p
ar
en
ts
d
o
n
o
t
p
r
o
v
id
e
o
r
al
r
eh
y
d
r
atio
n
with
ad
eq
u
ate
f
lu
id
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
.
Deh
y
d
r
atio
n
af
f
ec
ts
th
e
h
em
o
d
y
n
a
m
ics
o
f
b
lo
o
d
cir
cu
latio
n
an
d
m
ay
alter
th
e
elec
tr
o
ly
te
an
d
ac
id
-
b
ase
b
al
an
ce
th
at
n
ec
ess
ar
y
f
o
r
h
ea
lt
h
y
ce
lls
an
d
tis
s
u
es
[
1
5
]
,
[
4
5
]
.
I
n
ac
c
o
r
d
a
n
ce
with
estab
lis
h
ed
g
u
i
d
elin
es
o
n
f
ev
er
m
an
a
g
em
en
t,
it
is
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ted
th
at
en
s
u
r
in
g
s
u
f
f
icien
t
h
y
d
r
atio
n
an
d
n
u
tr
it
io
n
is
o
f
th
e
u
tm
o
s
t
p
r
io
r
ity
i
n
th
e
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t
o
f
f
e
b
r
ile
ch
ild
r
en
.
I
n
s
tead
o
f
em
p
h
asizin
g
th
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
[
1
]
,
[
1
4
]
.
3
.
3
.
Wa
r
m
co
m
press
es
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
wid
ely
u
s
ed
o
f
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
is
war
m
co
m
p
r
e
s
s
es
[
5
]
,
[
3
1
]
,
[
3
4
]
,
[
3
7
]
,
[
3
8
]
.
A
p
ilo
t
r
an
d
o
m
ize
d
clin
ical
s
tu
d
y
u
s
e
d
war
m
co
m
p
r
ess
es
at
wate
r
t
em
p
er
atu
r
es
r
an
g
in
g
b
etwe
en
3
4
an
d
3
7
°C
(
9
3
.
2
an
d
9
8
.
6
°F
)
.
Fo
r
1
5
m
in
u
tes,
th
e
ch
ild
was
n
o
t
d
r
ess
ed
o
r
c
o
v
er
ed
in
t
h
e
f
o
r
eh
ea
d
,
a
x
illar
y
,
o
r
in
g
u
in
al
a
r
ea
s
[
2
8
]
,
[
3
1
]
.
W
ar
m
co
m
p
r
ess
es
r
aise
b
o
d
y
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
e
n
ab
lin
g
th
e
h
y
p
o
th
alam
u
s
to
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
it.
T
h
is
wid
en
s
p
er
ip
h
er
al
b
lo
o
d
v
ess
els an
d
c
au
s
es v
aso
d
ilatio
n
,
l
ettin
g
th
e
b
o
d
y
r
elea
s
e
h
ea
t a
n
d
p
r
ev
e
n
tin
g
s
h
iv
er
in
g
[
2
8
]
.
R
esear
ch
in
d
icat
es
th
at
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
war
m
co
m
p
r
e
s
s
es
h
as
b
ee
n
f
o
u
n
d
to
b
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
in
lo
wer
in
g
th
e
lev
el
o
f
f
ev
er
in
p
ed
iatr
ic
p
atien
ts
ex
p
er
ien
cin
g
p
y
r
e
x
ia
[
4
6
]
.
W
h
en
u
s
ed
i
n
co
m
b
in
atio
n
with
an
tip
y
r
etics,
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
ies
r
ev
e
al
th
at
war
m
c
o
m
p
r
ess
es
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
r
ed
u
ce
f
e
v
er
am
o
n
g
ch
ild
r
en
[
4
7
]
,
[
4
8
]
.
I
n
g
en
er
al,
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
war
m
c
o
m
p
r
ess
es
is
s
t
ill
d
eb
atab
le.
E
m
p
ir
ical
s
tu
d
ies
s
h
o
wed
war
m
s
p
o
n
g
in
g
r
esu
lted
in
a
s
ig
n
if
i
ca
n
t
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
b
o
d
y
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
with
in
1
5
to
3
0
m
in
u
tes.
B
u
t
af
ter
6
0
m
in
u
tes,
it
was
n
o
m
o
r
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t,
as th
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
elev
ated
an
d
th
e
f
ev
er
r
ec
u
r
r
e
d
[
2
7
]
,
[
4
8
]
.
3
.
4
.
Sp
o
ng
ing
T
h
e
s
p
o
n
g
i
n
g
tech
n
i
q
u
e,
id
e
n
t
ical
to
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
a
war
m
co
m
p
r
ess
,
in
cr
ea
s
es h
ea
t lo
s
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
o
f
co
n
d
u
ct
io
n
,
c
o
n
v
ec
tio
n
,
an
d
ev
a
p
o
r
atio
n
[
2
8
]
.
L
o
ts
o
f
r
esear
c
h
er
s
co
n
s
id
er
th
at
“sp
o
n
g
in
g
”
is
id
en
tical
to
“w
ar
m
co
m
p
r
ess
in
g
,
”
b
u
t
th
er
e
ar
e
d
is
tin
ctio
n
s
.
I
n
t
h
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
“sp
o
n
g
in
g
,
”
th
e
war
m
wate
r
is
r
u
b
b
e
d
g
e
n
tly
o
n
b
o
th
t
h
e
u
p
p
er
an
d
lo
wer
r
eg
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
b
o
d
y
,
f
r
o
m
th
e
n
ec
k
to
t
h
e
to
es
[
2
8
]
,
[
4
4
]
.
A
s
tu
d
y
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
co
o
lin
g
p
e
o
p
le
b
y
s
o
a
k
in
g
th
eir
s
k
in
an
d
b
lo
win
g
war
m
air
a
cr
o
s
s
th
eir
b
o
d
ies
r
ed
u
ce
d
t
h
eir
m
ea
n
r
ec
tal
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
b
y
0
.
0
7
1
°C
/m
in
[
4
9
]
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
th
e
ef
f
icac
y
o
f
co
ld
co
m
p
r
ess
es
r
em
ain
s
co
n
tr
o
v
e
r
s
ial.
A
ca
s
e
s
er
ies
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
im
m
er
s
io
n
in
iced
wate
r
ca
n
r
ed
u
ce
a
b
o
d
y
to
le
s
s
th
an
3
8
.
9
°C
in
less
th
an
4
5
m
in
u
tes
[
4
3
]
.
An
o
th
er
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
tates
th
at
s
p
o
n
g
in
g
h
a
d
b
ee
n
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
to
b
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
o
n
ly
in
th
e
s
h
o
r
t
ter
m
b
u
t
h
ad
n
o
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
b
en
ef
it
b
ey
o
n
d
two
h
o
u
r
s
[
2
2
]
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
th
is
m
eth
o
d
m
a
y
in
d
u
ce
p
er
ip
h
er
a
l
v
aso
co
n
s
tr
ictio
n
,
wh
ich
i
n
h
i
b
its
th
e
co
o
lin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Desp
ite
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
ev
i
d
en
ce
to
th
e
c
o
n
tr
ar
y
[
5
0
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
0
6
I
n
t J Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
20
2
5
:
5
2
9
-
538
534
Sp
o
n
g
in
g
is
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
ly
p
r
ac
ticed
u
s
in
g
tap
wate
r
o
r
l
u
k
ewa
r
m
wate
r
[
2
4
]
,
[
3
5
]
,
[
3
6
]
,
[
3
8
]
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
n
ev
e
r
th
eless
also
em
p
lo
y
e
d
f
o
r
c
o
ld
c
o
m
p
r
ess
es.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
co
ld
co
m
p
r
ess
m
eth
o
d
as
a
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
p
e
r
s
is
ts
to
b
e
co
n
tr
o
v
er
s
ial
r
e
g
a
r
d
in
g
its
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
.
Yet,
p
ar
en
ts
t
en
d
to
u
s
e
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
[
3
1
]
,
[
3
2
]
.
C
o
l
d
s
p
o
n
g
in
g
f
o
r
p
h
y
s
ical
m
eth
o
d
s
o
f
lo
wer
in
g
th
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
ar
e
n
o
lo
n
g
er
ad
v
is
ed
,
as
th
ey
p
r
o
v
id
e
litt
le
b
en
ef
it
an
d
m
a
y
ev
e
n
m
ak
e
th
e
s
itu
atio
n
wo
r
s
e.
c
h
ild
r
en
f
ee
l
s
h
iv
er
in
g
,
c
h
ills
,
g
o
o
s
eb
u
m
p
s
,
ir
r
itab
le
an
d
cr
y
i
n
g
[
2
2
]
,
[
51]
.
Sp
o
n
g
in
g
with
co
ld
wate
r
m
a
y
in
d
u
ce
p
er
ip
h
er
al
co
o
lin
g
,
b
u
t
b
lo
o
d
v
ess
el
co
n
s
tr
ictio
n
m
ay
r
esu
lt
in
h
ea
t
p
r
eser
v
atio
n
[
5
]
.
E
x
p
o
s
u
r
e
to
co
l
d
wate
r
was
th
e
o
n
ly
r
em
ed
y
lead
i
n
g
t
o
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
h
iv
er
in
g
,
an
d
it
was
n
o
t
ev
en
h
elp
in
g
th
e
b
o
d
y
d
e
cr
ea
s
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
at
th
e
b
est
r
ate.
E
v
en
s
h
iv
er
i
n
g
ca
r
r
ie
d
o
n
f
o
r
as
lo
n
g
as
an
h
o
u
r
af
te
r
s
o
ak
in
g
[
5
2
]
.
Sh
i
v
e
r
in
g
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
a
d
is
co
m
f
o
r
t
in
th
e
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
o
f
co
ld
c
o
m
p
r
ess
es
[
2
8
]
,
[
5
3
]
,
d
esp
ite
th
e
f
ac
t
th
at
it
ca
n
g
en
er
ate
ev
en
m
o
r
e
h
ea
t,
h
ig
h
er
m
etab
o
lic
d
em
an
d
,
m
a
r
g
in
al
c
er
eb
r
o
v
ascu
lar
an
d
ca
r
d
iac
s
u
p
p
ly
,
an
d
r
eb
o
u
n
d
h
y
p
o
th
er
m
ia
[
2
8
]
.
3
.
5
.
Sh
o
wer
ing
Sh
o
wer
in
g
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
d
if
f
er
e
n
tly
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
o
f
ea
c
h
s
tu
d
y
.
B
ath
e
b
y
s
h
o
wer
in
g
wate
r
all
o
v
er
th
e
b
o
d
y
,
o
r
b
ath
e
ju
s
t
a
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
b
o
d
y
.
B
ath
in
g
with
war
m
wate
r
is
a
f
r
eq
u
en
tly
u
s
ed
tr
ea
tm
en
t
f
o
r
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
[
5
]
,
[
3
1
]
,
[
3
2
]
,
[
3
7]
.
As
in
a
q
u
asi
-
ex
p
er
im
e
n
tal
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
at
war
m
wate
r
f
o
o
t
b
ath
th
e
r
ap
y
is
b
en
ef
icial
in
lo
wer
in
g
b
o
d
y
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
in
f
eb
r
ile
c
h
ild
r
en
[
4
7
]
.
W
ar
m
wate
r
f
o
o
t
b
ath
th
er
ap
y
s
tim
u
lates
th
e
b
lo
o
d
v
ess
els
to
en
lar
g
e,
en
h
an
ci
n
g
b
lo
o
d
f
lo
w,
r
ele
asin
g
h
ea
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
er
s
p
ir
atio
n
,
a
n
d
s
u
p
p
ly
in
g
o
x
y
g
en
to
th
e
b
r
ai
n
ce
lls
[
4
7
]
,
[
5
4
]
.
Sh
o
wer
in
g
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
co
r
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
tem
p
o
r
ar
ily
b
u
t
d
o
es
n
o
t
af
f
ec
t
th
e
th
er
m
o
r
e
g
u
lato
r
y
s
et
p
o
in
t;
wh
en
o
u
t
o
f
th
e
wate
r
,
th
e
c
h
ild
o
r
in
f
a
n
t
m
a
y
s
u
f
f
er
a
q
u
ick
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
r
e
b
o
u
n
d
,
r
aisi
n
g
th
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
o
f
a
f
eb
r
ile
s
eizu
r
e
[
7
]
.
A
war
m
b
ath
,
ab
o
u
t
3
8
to
4
0
°C
[
4
7
]
,
will
h
elp
to
en
lar
g
e
th
e
s
wea
t
g
lan
d
s
,
elim
in
ate
s
wea
t
o
d
o
r
,
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
e
f
r
esh
n
ess
an
d
co
m
f
o
r
t
[
4
6
]
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
a
s
t
u
d
y
,
wh
e
n
p
e
o
p
le
’
s
s
k
in
was
wetted
an
d
ex
p
o
s
ed
to
co
n
s
tan
t
s
p
r
a
y
s
o
f
wate
r
with
o
u
t
f
o
r
ce
d
air
,
t
h
e
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
es
d
r
o
p
p
ed
at
a
r
ate
o
f
0
.
0
6
8
°C
p
er
m
in
u
te.
T
h
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
s
o
m
ewh
at
s
im
ilar
to
th
e
s
h
o
wer
i
n
g
-
p
h
y
s
ic
a
l
co
o
lin
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
[
4
9
]
.
3
.
6
.
E
nv
iro
nm
ent
a
l
m
ea
s
ur
es
T
h
e
v
en
tilatio
n
s
tr
ateg
ies
u
s
ed
wer
e
win
d
o
w
o
p
en
in
g
an
d
f
an
u
s
e
[
3
6
]
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
f
an
s
t
o
co
o
l
th
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
was
co
n
s
id
er
ed
v
alu
ab
le,
as
lo
n
g
as
p
atien
ts
h
ad
n
o
tr
em
o
r
s
an
d
th
e
ce
n
tr
al
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
d
id
n
o
t
in
cr
ea
s
e
[
4
4
]
.
T
h
is
co
o
lin
g
m
eth
o
d
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
c
o
n
ce
p
t
o
f
e
v
ap
o
r
atio
n
.
Acc
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
a
s
tu
d
y
,
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
h
as
b
ee
n
o
b
s
er
v
ed
to
r
esu
lt
in
a
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
b
o
d
y
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
.
A
s
tu
d
y
was
co
n
d
u
cted
to
i
n
v
esti
g
ate
th
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
wetti
n
g
th
e
p
a
r
ticip
an
ts
’
s
k
in
s
u
r
f
ac
e
an
d
ex
p
o
s
in
g
it
to
an
am
b
ien
t
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
o
f
2
1
°C
o
n
th
eir
b
o
d
y
tem
p
er
atu
r
e.
T
h
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
r
ev
ea
led
a
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
b
o
d
y
t
em
p
er
atu
r
e
at
a
r
ate
o
f
0
.
0
6
1
°C
p
er
m
in
u
te.
I
n
a
t
r
o
p
ical
cl
im
ate,
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
ac
h
iev
e
a
lo
w
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
al
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
b
y
u
s
in
g
air
c
o
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
.
On
th
e
o
t
h
er
h
a
n
d
,
p
atien
ts
’
b
o
d
y
tem
p
er
at
u
r
es
wer
e
lo
we
r
ed
b
y
wettin
g
th
e
s
k
in
a
n
d
e
x
p
o
s
ed
to
an
a
m
b
ien
t
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
o
f
3
3
.
9
°C
.
T
h
is
r
esu
lted
in
a
g
r
ad
u
al
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
b
o
d
y
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e,
s
p
ec
if
ica
lly
at
a
r
ate
o
f
0
.
0
2
0
°C
p
er
m
in
u
te.
T
h
e
d
ec
lin
e
in
b
o
d
y
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
is
m
o
r
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t a
t lo
w
am
b
ien
t te
m
p
er
atu
r
es th
an
at
h
i
g
h
am
b
ien
t t
em
p
er
atu
r
es
[
4
9
]
.
R
eg
ar
d
in
g
h
ea
lth
s
er
v
ices,
n
u
r
s
es
h
av
e
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
r
o
le
in
ca
r
in
g
f
o
r
f
ev
e
r
an
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
tly
ap
p
l
y
non
-
p
h
ar
m
ac
o
lo
g
ical
r
em
ed
ie
s
b
ased
o
n
p
er
s
o
n
al
b
elief
s
an
d
p
r
ac
tical
ex
p
er
ie
n
ce
r
ath
er
th
an
s
cien
tific
ev
id
en
ce
[
2
8
]
.
No
n
-
e
v
id
en
ce
-
b
ased
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
ar
e
n
o
lo
n
g
er
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
e
d
d
u
e
t
o
d
is
co
m
f
o
r
t.
Alter
n
atin
g
an
d
c
o
m
b
in
i
n
g
an
tip
y
r
etics
m
ay
b
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e,
b
u
t
ev
id
e
n
ce
f
o
r
co
m
f
o
r
t
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
ts
is
in
co
n
clu
s
iv
e
an
d
n
o
t
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
ed
in
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t g
u
id
elin
es
[
3
2
]
.
Prio
r
r
esear
ch
h
as
ex
ten
s
iv
e
ly
ex
p
lo
r
e
d
n
o
n
-
p
h
a
r
m
ac
o
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ca
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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Hea
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Sci
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N:
2252
-
8
8
0
6
Ho
me
feve
r
ma
n
a
g
eme
n
t in
c
h
ild
r
en
:
a
s
y
s
tema
tic
r
ev
iew
(
F
a
iz
a
Yu
n
ia
ti
)
535
I
t
is
ess
en
tial
to
ed
u
c
ate
th
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
c
o
n
ce
r
n
in
g
h
o
w
to
tr
ea
t
f
ev
er
at
h
o
m
e
,
p
a
r
ticu
lar
ly
f
o
r
t
h
o
s
e
with
in
ad
eq
u
ate
h
ea
lth
liter
ac
y
.
Simp
le
n
o
n
-
p
h
ar
m
ac
o
lo
g
ical
p
r
ac
tices,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
b
ef
o
r
e
ad
m
in
is
ter
in
g
an
tip
y
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etics
an
d
v
is
itin
g
a
h
ea
lth
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
[
5
5
]
.
I
t
is
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
a
v
a
ilab
ilit
y
o
f
s
p
ec
if
ic
in
f
o
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m
atio
n
o
n
n
o
n
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p
h
ar
m
ac
o
lo
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ical
f
ev
er
p
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ac
tice
at
h
o
m
e
an
d
in
a
lan
g
u
a
g
e
th
at
is
ea
s
y
to
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
.
C
lear
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d
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ce
s
s
ib
le
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o
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r
ce
s
o
f
in
f
o
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m
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n
ca
n
o
f
f
er
g
u
id
a
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ce
to
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ef
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g
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ad
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ev
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d
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ed
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cin
g
t
h
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
v
is
its
to
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
f
ac
ilit
ies.
3
.
7
.
Str
eng
t
h
a
nd
lim
it
a
t
io
n
o
f
t
he
s
t
ud
y
T
h
e
r
e
v
iewe
d
ar
ticles
in
v
o
lv
e
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
p
o
p
u
latio
n
-
b
ase
d
s
u
r
v
e
y
r
esear
c
h
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
v
id
es
p
o
p
u
latio
n
-
b
ased
ev
id
e
n
ce
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
p
ar
en
ts
’
ex
p
er
ie
n
c
es
m
an
ag
in
g
f
e
v
er
is
h
ch
ild
r
en
at
h
o
m
e.
T
h
is
r
ev
iew
f
o
llo
ws
th
e
p
r
o
p
er
p
r
o
ce
d
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r
e
s
f
o
r
s
y
s
tem
atic
r
ev
iews.
T
h
e
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o
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l
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-
b
ased
s
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ey
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tu
d
ies
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d
p
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v
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lim
ited
in
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o
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m
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a
b
o
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t
th
e
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tu
al
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
em
p
lo
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ed
.
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h
e
s
elec
ted
ar
ticles
wer
e
all
o
r
i
g
in
al
r
esear
ch
,
wr
itten
in
E
n
g
lis
h
,
an
d
p
u
b
lis
h
ed
f
r
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m
2
0
1
3
to
2
0
2
3
.
Du
e
to
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r
ch
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g
o
n
ly
f
u
ll
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te
x
t p
u
b
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s
,
d
ata
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
m
ay
h
a
v
e
a
s
elec
tio
n
b
ias.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
p
h
y
s
ical
c
o
o
lin
g
f
o
r
m
an
a
g
in
g
f
ev
er
i
s
h
ch
ild
r
en
is
s
till
d
eb
atab
le,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
th
e
d
is
co
m
f
o
r
t
-
in
d
u
cin
g
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
war
m
co
m
p
r
ess
es
an
d
s
p
o
n
g
in
g
.
I
n
s
tead
o
f
em
p
lo
y
in
g
p
h
y
s
ical
co
o
lin
g
in
ter
v
en
ti
o
n
s
to
lo
wer
f
ev
e
r
,
f
e
v
er
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
m
u
s
t
f
o
cu
s
o
n
en
h
an
cin
g
th
e
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
r
esp
o
n
s
e,
wh
ich
in
clu
d
es p
r
o
v
id
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g
f
lu
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s
,
n
u
tr
itio
n
,
an
d
a
co
m
f
o
r
ta
b
le
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
W
h
ile
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
laid
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wo
r
k
f
o
r
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
n
o
n
-
p
h
ar
m
ac
o
lo
g
ical
f
ev
er
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t,
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
ad
v
an
ce
s
t
h
e
f
ield
b
y
o
f
f
e
r
in
g
a
c
o
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
r
ev
iew
an
d
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
m
eth
o
d
s
,
em
p
h
asi
zin
g
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
,
e
v
id
en
ce
-
b
ased
p
r
ac
tices.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
M
E
N
T
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
(
s
)
d
is
clo
s
ed
th
e
r
ec
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t
o
f
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
f
in
a
n
cial
s
u
p
p
o
r
t:
f
o
r
th
e
r
esear
ch
,
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d
/o
r
p
u
b
licatio
n
o
f
th
is
ar
ticle.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
was
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
th
e
Palem
b
an
g
Hea
lth
Po
ly
tec
h
n
iq
u
e,
Min
is
tr
y
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f
Hea
lth
(
Gr
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t N
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m
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r
HK.
0
2
.
0
3
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1
/2
0
5
8
/
2
0
2
3
)
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
E.
C
h
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a
p
p
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n
i
,
B
.
B
o
r
t
o
n
e
,
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G
a
l
l
i
,
a
n
d
M
.
D
e
M
a
r
t
i
n
o
,
“
G
u
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d
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n
e
s
f
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e
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m
p
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m
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me
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t
o
f
f
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h
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l
d
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n
:
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p
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G
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,
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J
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v
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l
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p
p
.
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4
.
[
2
]
A
.
R
a
h
ma
n
a
n
d
M
.
M
.
H
o
ssa
i
n
,
“
P
r
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d
d
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mi
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A
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a
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m
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g
c
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mo
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i
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B
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h
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”
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MC
Pe
d
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[
3
]
M
.
A
.
J.
S
u
j
a
n
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
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B
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h
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.
[
4
]
E.
d
a
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.
P
o
n
s,
T.
d
a
S
.
D
.
P
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z
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,
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.
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K
n
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,
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n
d
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.
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.
M
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e
,
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),
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il
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p
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“
LIG
A
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”
n
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rsi
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in
n
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ti
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wh
ich
is
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teg
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ra
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rm
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(G
e
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n
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l
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g
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).
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c
a
n
b
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c
o
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tac
ted
a
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m
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:
tri
sn
o
.
sire
z
h
a
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m
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.
c
o
m
.
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