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ewo
r
k
u
s
in
g
I
o
T
,
AI
,
an
d
clo
u
d
f
o
r
p
r
o
ac
tiv
e
m
o
n
i
to
r
in
g
a
n
d
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
aler
ts
in
th
e
m
an
ag
em
en
t
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atie
n
ts
.
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
in
clu
d
e
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
AI
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
f
o
r
ac
cu
r
ate
p
r
e
d
ictio
n
s
an
d
t
h
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
th
ese
s
y
s
tem
s
f
o
r
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
a
n
d
r
ap
id
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
in
v
o
l
v
es
th
e
d
ep
l
o
y
m
en
t
o
f
s
p
ec
ialized
s
en
s
o
r
s
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
p
at
ien
ts
'
v
ital p
ar
am
eter
s
as
d
ir
ec
ted
b
y
atten
d
in
g
p
h
y
s
ician
s
.
T
h
e
co
llected
d
ata
is
th
en
tr
an
s
m
itted
to
m
e
d
ical
s
taf
f
f
o
r
f
u
r
t
h
er
ev
al
u
atio
n
an
d
a
p
p
r
o
p
r
iate
ac
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
an
d
e
m
ic
l
ed
to
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
in
n
o
v
atio
n
s
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
aim
ed
at
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
p
atien
ts
an
d
r
e
d
u
cin
g
t
h
e
b
u
r
d
e
n
o
n
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
s
y
s
tem
s
[
7
]
.
I
n
th
is
r
eg
ar
d
,
s
ev
er
al
s
tu
d
ies
ex
p
lo
r
ed
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
I
o
T
-
b
ased
h
ea
lt
h
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
,
p
u
ls
e
o
x
im
etr
y
d
ev
ices,
an
d
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
f
o
r
th
e
ea
r
l
y
d
etec
tio
n
a
n
d
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
d
iag
n
o
s
is
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
.
I
n
a
s
tu
d
y
co
n
d
u
cte
d
b
y
Ma
s
h
r
u
r
et
a
l.
[
8
]
a
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
ts
in
s
elf
-
i
s
o
latio
n
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
s
u
p
e
r
v
is
in
g
p
h
y
s
i
o
lo
g
ical
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
lik
e
h
ea
r
t
r
ate
an
d
lo
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
p
r
esen
ted
an
I
o
T
-
b
ased
h
ea
lth
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
s
y
s
tem
th
at
m
ea
s
u
r
es
b
o
d
y
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
p
u
ls
e
r
ate,
an
d
o
x
y
g
en
s
atu
r
atio
n
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
ts
u
s
in
g
an
Ar
d
u
in
o
Un
o
-
b
ased
s
y
s
tem
,
wh
ich
co
u
ld
b
e
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
iz
ed
with
a
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
ac
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
y
s
tem
wer
e
f
o
u
n
d
to
b
e
ac
cu
r
ate
an
d
q
u
ic
k
,
m
ak
in
g
it a
p
o
ten
tially
v
alu
a
b
l
e
to
o
l d
u
r
in
g
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
an
d
em
ic.
A
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
tem
t
h
at
id
en
tif
ied
im
p
ac
ted
i
n
d
iv
id
u
als
m
o
r
e
p
r
ec
is
ely
was
p
r
esen
ted
in
a
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
tu
d
y
b
y
B
en
r
eg
u
ia
et
a
l.
[
9
]
.
Usi
n
g
a
2
.
4
GHz
p
r
o
p
r
ietar
y
p
r
o
to
c
o
l,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
tr
ac
k
e
d
an
o
n
y
m
o
u
s
r
is
k
y
co
n
tacts
in
p
lace
s
w
h
er
e
p
eo
p
le
ar
e
h
ig
h
l
y
co
n
ce
n
tr
ated
,
l
ik
e
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
h
o
s
p
itals
,
b
ig
s
o
cial
g
ath
er
in
g
s
,
an
d
b
u
s
in
ess
es.
I
t
also
allo
wed
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
d
e
v
ices
to
c
o
m
m
u
n
icate
with
ea
ch
o
th
e
r
.
T
h
e
d
ev
ice
was
a
b
r
ac
elet
th
at
ca
p
tu
r
ed
s
ig
n
als
f
r
o
m
o
th
er
d
ev
ices
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
p
r
o
x
i
m
ity
an
d
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
c
o
n
tact
b
etwe
en
in
d
iv
id
u
als,
aid
in
g
in
c
o
n
tr
o
llin
g
th
e
s
p
r
ea
d
o
f
th
e
v
ir
u
s
.
Qo
m
ar
iy
ah
et
a
l.
[
1
0
]
p
r
esen
ted
an
I
o
T
-
b
ased
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
th
e
v
ital
s
ig
n
s
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
ts
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
em
p
lo
y
ed
s
en
s
o
r
s
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
p
u
ls
e
r
ate,
an
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
s
atu
r
at
io
n
,
wh
ic
h
wer
e
cr
itical
in
d
ic
ato
r
s
o
f
th
e
h
ea
lth
s
tatu
s
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
ts
.
T
h
e
d
ata
co
llected
b
y
th
e
s
y
s
tem
was
tr
an
s
m
itted
to
a
cl
o
u
d
s
er
v
er
,
wh
er
e
it
was
an
aly
ze
d
an
d
u
s
ed
to
g
en
er
ate
aler
ts
f
o
r
m
e
d
ical
p
e
r
s
o
n
n
el
if
n
ec
ess
ar
y
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
h
elp
e
d
p
r
e
v
en
t
th
e
s
p
r
e
ad
o
f
th
e
v
ir
u
s
an
d
en
s
u
r
ed
th
at
p
atien
ts
r
ec
eiv
ed
tim
ely
m
ed
ical
atten
tio
n
.
A
s
tu
d
y
ass
ess
in
g
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
a
p
u
ls
e
o
x
im
eter
-
a
d
ev
ice
th
at
m
ea
s
u
r
es
b
l
o
o
d
o
x
y
g
en
an
d
p
u
ls
e
r
ate
-
f
o
r
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
id
e
n
tify
in
g
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
Ah
m
e
d
et
a
l.
[
1
1
]
.
Patien
ts
wh
o
h
a
d
b
ee
n
ev
alu
ated
f
o
r
s
y
m
p
to
m
s
co
n
s
is
ten
t
with
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
an
d
r
elea
s
ed
f
r
o
m
u
r
g
en
t
ca
r
e
o
r
th
e
em
er
g
en
c
y
d
ep
ar
tm
en
t
wer
e
in
clu
d
e
d
in
th
e
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
p
atien
ts
wer
e
g
iv
en
a
p
o
r
tab
le
p
u
ls
e
o
x
im
et
er
an
d
to
ld
to
tak
e
r
ea
d
in
g
s
twice
a
d
ay
f
o
r
1
4
d
ay
s
,
b
o
t
h
at
r
est
an
d
d
u
r
in
g
p
h
y
s
ical
ac
tiv
ity
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
u
s
ed
a
d
ataset
o
f
2
0
0
au
d
io
r
ec
o
r
d
in
g
s
o
f
c
o
u
g
h
s
f
r
o
m
p
atien
ts
with
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
an
d
2
0
0
r
ec
o
r
d
in
g
s
f
r
o
m
p
atien
ts
with
o
th
er
r
esp
ir
ato
r
y
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
tr
ain
e
d
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
to
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
b
etwe
en
co
u
g
h
s
o
u
n
d
s
f
r
o
m
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
ts
an
d
th
o
s
e
f
r
o
m
p
atien
ts
with
o
th
er
r
esp
ir
ato
r
y
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
i
n
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
ac
h
iev
ed
an
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
u
p
to
9
2
.
8
%
in
d
is
t
in
g
u
is
h
in
g
b
etwe
en
co
u
g
h
s
f
r
o
m
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
a
tien
ts
an
d
th
o
s
e
with
o
th
er
r
esp
ir
ato
r
y
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Ov
e
r
all,
th
ese
s
tu
d
ies
h
ig
h
lig
h
ted
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
u
s
in
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
m
o
n
ito
r
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
ts
an
d
d
etec
t
t
h
e
v
ir
u
s
i
n
its
ea
r
ly
s
tag
es.
I
o
T
-
b
ased
h
ea
lth
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
,
p
u
ls
e
o
x
im
etr
y
d
ev
ices,
an
d
m
ac
h
in
e
l
ea
r
n
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
h
elp
ed
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
p
r
o
v
id
er
s
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
b
u
r
d
en
o
n
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
s
y
s
tem
s
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
e
tim
ely
m
ed
ical
atten
tio
n
to
p
atien
ts
.
New
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
th
at
co
u
l
d
aid
in
ea
r
ly
v
i
r
u
s
d
etec
tio
n
,
d
iag
n
o
s
is
,
an
d
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
ar
e
cr
itically
n
ee
d
ed
,
as
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
a
n
d
em
ic
h
as
h
ig
h
lig
h
te
d
.
Hea
lt
h
ca
r
e
s
y
s
tem
ch
allen
g
es,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
19
p
an
d
em
ic,
h
av
e
b
ee
n
a
d
d
r
es
s
ed
b
y
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
(
AI
)
an
d
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
(
ML
)
,
wh
ich
h
av
e
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
c
o
n
s
id
er
ab
le
p
r
o
m
is
e.
A
u
n
if
ie
d
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
tr
u
s
two
r
th
y
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
in
cr
ea
s
e
C
OVI
D
-
19
d
etec
tio
n
ac
cu
r
ac
y
a
n
d
r
elia
b
ilit
y
,
th
e
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
em
p
lo
y
ed
d
ee
p
e
n
s
em
b
le
lear
n
in
g
,
co
s
t
-
s
en
s
itiv
e
lo
s
s
,
u
n
ce
r
tain
ty
esti
m
atio
n
,
d
ata
a
u
g
m
en
tatio
n
,
an
d
an
I
m
ag
eNe
t
-
p
r
etr
ain
ed
R
esNet
-
5
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m
o
d
el.
W
ith
an
ar
ea
u
n
d
er
th
e
cu
r
v
e
-
r
ec
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er
o
p
e
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atin
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ter
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AUC
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h
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g
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ested
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p
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ee
m
ed
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
f
o
r
th
e
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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8
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7
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I
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&
C
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g
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
e
r
20
24
:
7
2
6
6
-
7
2
7
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7268
T
o
T
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
a
n
d
em
ic
h
ig
h
lig
h
ted
t
h
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
cu
tti
n
g
-
ed
g
e
tech
n
o
l
o
g
ies
th
at
co
u
ld
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
ea
r
ly
v
ir
u
s
d
etec
tio
n
,
d
iag
n
o
s
is
,
an
d
s
u
r
v
eillan
ce
.
ML
an
d
AI
h
av
e
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
g
r
ea
t
p
r
o
m
is
e
in
tack
lin
g
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
is
s
u
es
f
ac
in
g
h
ea
lt
h
ca
r
e
s
y
s
tem
s
,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
a
n
d
em
ic.
I
n
a
s
tu
d
y
,
C
h
an
g
et
a
l.
[
1
2
]
u
s
ed
cr
o
wd
s
o
u
r
ce
d
co
u
g
h
a
u
d
io
to
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
u
n
if
ie
d
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
t
r
u
s
two
r
th
y
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
d
etec
tio
n
.
T
o
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
p
r
ec
is
io
n
an
d
d
ep
en
d
a
b
ilit
y
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
d
etec
tio
n
,
th
e
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
m
ad
e
u
s
e
o
f
d
ata
au
g
m
en
tatio
n
,
an
I
m
ag
eNe
t
-
p
r
etr
ain
ed
R
esNet
-
5
0
m
o
d
el,
c
o
s
t
-
s
en
s
itiv
e
lo
s
s
,
d
ee
p
en
s
em
b
le
lear
n
in
g
,
an
d
u
n
ce
r
tain
ty
esti
m
atio
n
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
p
r
o
m
is
e
in
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
d
etec
tio
n
with
an
AUC
-
R
OC
o
f
8
5
.
4
3
%.
Oth
e
r
s
tu
d
i
es
also
em
p
h
asized
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
AI
an
d
ML
in
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
th
e
c
h
allen
g
es
p
o
s
ed
b
y
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
a
n
d
em
ic.
Gh
im
ir
et
a
l.
[
1
3
]
h
ig
h
li
g
h
t
ed
th
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
u
cc
ess
o
f
AI
an
d
ML
in
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
ch
allen
g
es
with
in
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
s
y
s
tem
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
d
iag
n
o
s
tic
t
o
o
ls
,
p
r
ed
ictio
n
o
f
m
o
r
tality
r
ates,
ad
v
an
ce
m
en
ts
in
v
ac
cin
e
an
d
d
r
u
g
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t,
s
en
tim
en
t
an
aly
s
is
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
19
r
elate
d
co
m
m
en
ts
,
an
d
id
e
n
tific
atio
n
o
f
m
is
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
Similar
ly
,
T
aiwo
et
a
l.
[
1
4
]
em
p
h
asized
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
in
r
ed
u
cin
g
t
h
e
wo
r
k
lo
a
d
o
f
d
o
cto
r
s
an
d
m
ed
ical
p
er
s
o
n
n
el
d
u
r
in
g
a
p
an
d
em
ic.
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
an
I
o
T
a
p
p
licat
io
n
f
o
r
s
m
ar
t
h
o
m
e
au
to
m
atio
n
allo
wed
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
h
ea
lth
u
p
d
ates
f
r
o
m
p
atie
n
ts
to
b
e
co
m
m
u
n
icate
d
to
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
als
an
d
d
o
cto
r
s
,
f
ac
ilit
atin
g
p
r
o
m
p
t
g
u
id
an
ce
.
Yu
et
a
l.
[
1
5
]
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
t
h
e
I
o
T
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
in
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
s
m
ar
t
h
o
s
p
itals
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
id
en
tifie
d
th
e
tech
n
ical
i
n
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
th
e
estab
lis
h
m
en
t
o
f
s
m
ar
t
h
o
s
p
itals
,
in
clu
d
in
g
f
iv
e
lay
er
s
:
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
lay
er
,
tr
an
s
p
o
r
t
lay
er
,
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
lay
er
,
ap
p
licatio
n
lay
er
,
an
d
b
u
s
in
ess
lay
er
.
T
h
e
s
m
ar
t
h
o
s
p
ital
co
n
ce
p
t
in
v
o
lv
e
d
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
I
o
T
,
d
ata
an
aly
tics
,
p
er
s
o
n
alize
d
s
er
v
ices,
an
d
AI
to
o
p
tim
ize
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t sy
s
tem
s
.
T
h
is
ar
ticle
p
r
esen
ted
a
s
o
p
h
is
ticated
s
y
s
tem
d
esig
n
ed
to
m
o
n
ito
r
p
atien
ts
s
u
f
f
er
in
g
f
r
o
m
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
.
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
g
o
a
l
o
f
th
is
s
y
s
tem
was
to
f
ac
il
itate
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
p
atien
t
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
e
n
h
an
ce
t
h
e
q
u
ality
o
f
ca
r
e,
a
n
d
u
ltima
tely
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
s
to
s
av
e
liv
es.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
in
clu
d
ed
a
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
p
atien
ts
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
,
wh
ich
p
er
i
o
d
ically
ev
alu
ated
c
r
itical
p
ar
am
eter
s
s
u
ch
as
b
o
d
y
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
Ox
y
g
en
s
atu
r
atio
n
(
Sp
O2
)
lev
el,
an
d
h
ea
r
t
r
a
te.
T
h
e
ar
ticle
also
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
a
d
ataset
f
o
r
th
e
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
Sp
O2
an
d
h
ea
r
t
r
ate,
m
aj
o
r
f
ac
t
o
r
s
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
io
n
o
f
th
e
d
is
ea
s
e.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
r
eliab
i
lity
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
AI
-
b
ase
d
m
o
d
el
was
also
p
r
esen
ted
,
e
v
alu
atin
g
v
ar
io
u
s
p
ar
am
eter
s
s
u
ch
as
p
r
ec
is
io
n
,
r
ec
all,
an
d
F1
-
s
co
r
e.
T
h
e
m
a
in
co
n
tr
i
b
u
tio
n
s
o
f
th
is
ar
ticle
in
clu
d
e:
−
T
h
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
a
p
r
o
to
t
y
p
e
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
p
atien
ts
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
.
T
h
e
d
ev
ice
p
er
io
d
ically
ev
alu
ates c
r
itical
p
ar
am
eter
s
s
u
ch
as b
o
d
y
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e,
Sp
O
2
lev
el,
an
d
h
ea
r
t
r
ate.
−
T
h
e
d
esig
n
o
f
a
d
ataset
f
o
r
th
e
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
Sp
O2
a
n
d
h
ea
r
t
r
ate,
wh
ich
ar
e
m
ajo
r
f
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
d
is
ea
s
e.
−
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
r
eliab
ili
ty
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
AI
-
b
ased
m
o
d
el,
ev
alu
atin
g
v
a
r
io
u
s
p
ar
am
eter
s
s
u
ch
as
p
r
ec
is
io
n
,
r
ec
all,
an
d
F1
s
co
r
e.
T
h
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
t
h
is
ar
ticle
i
s
as
f
o
llo
ws:
s
ec
tio
n
2
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
o
v
er
all
th
e
o
r
etica
l
o
b
je
ctiv
es
an
d
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
ch
o
s
en
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
in
d
etail.
Sectio
n
3
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
th
e
ju
s
tific
atio
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
ch
o
i
ce
s
in
AI
.
Sectio
n
4
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
an
d
d
is
cu
s
s
es
th
em
b
y
co
m
p
ar
in
g
th
em
with
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies.
Fin
ally
,
s
ec
tio
n
5
co
n
clu
d
es
th
e
s
tu
d
y
b
y
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
o
u
r
r
esu
lts
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
d
i
r
ec
tio
n
s
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
.
2.
T
H
E
CO
M
P
RE
H
E
NS
I
VE
T
H
E
O
RE
T
I
CA
L
B
ASI
S
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
we
will
p
r
esen
t
th
e
m
ain
d
esig
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
t
o
ty
p
e,
s
p
ec
if
ically
d
ev
elo
p
ed
to
m
o
n
ito
r
p
eo
p
le
in
f
ec
ted
with
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
is
b
ased
o
n
co
n
n
ec
ted
s
en
s
o
r
s
th
at
co
lle
ct
ess
en
tial
clin
ical
d
ata
in
r
ea
l
tim
e.
T
h
is
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
th
en
tr
a
n
s
m
itted
to
a
d
ata
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t
s
y
s
tem
in
o
r
d
er
to
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
ev
o
lu
tio
n
o
f
th
e
p
atien
ts
'
co
n
d
itio
n
an
d
aler
t
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
io
n
als in
ca
s
e
o
f
d
eter
io
r
atio
n
.
2
.
1
.
T
he
pro
po
s
ed
a
rc
hite
ct
ure
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
in
v
o
lv
es
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
an
I
o
T
-
b
ased
s
o
lu
tio
n
to
ca
p
t
u
r
e
v
ar
io
u
s
h
ea
lth
d
ata
r
elate
d
to
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
f
r
o
m
in
f
ec
ted
in
d
iv
id
u
als.
I
t
in
teg
r
ates
m
u
ltip
le
s
en
s
o
r
s
to
g
ath
er
h
ea
lth
m
etr
ics
s
u
ch
as
b
o
d
y
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
Sp
O
2
lev
el
,
h
ea
r
t
r
ate,
an
d
m
o
r
e.
T
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
d
ata
is
tr
an
s
m
itted
v
ia
an
I
o
T
g
atew
ay
to
a
web
-
b
ased
in
ter
f
ac
e,
allo
win
g
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
als
to
m
o
n
ito
r
p
atien
ts
r
em
o
tely
.
T
h
e
s
er
v
er
ap
p
licatio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
an
aly
s
is
an
d
v
is
u
aliz
atio
n
o
f
th
ese
h
ea
lth
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
R
o
b
o
tics
h
as
s
ee
n
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
g
r
o
wth
,
cr
ea
tin
g
a
p
ar
allel
u
n
iv
er
s
e
i
n
v
ar
i
o
u
s
s
ec
to
r
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
m
an
u
f
ac
tu
r
in
g
an
d
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
.
T
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
a
r
ea
s
o
f
r
o
b
o
tics
co
n
tin
u
e
to
e
x
p
an
d
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
r
ap
id
a
n
d
ef
f
icien
t
ex
ec
u
tio
n
with
m
in
i
m
al
o
r
n
o
r
is
k
o
f
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e
[
1
6
]
,
[
1
7
]
.
Du
r
in
g
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
ep
id
em
ic,
r
o
b
o
tics
h
as
p
lay
ed
a
cr
u
cial
r
o
le
in
p
r
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
C
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I
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N:
2088
-
8
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[
1
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]
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tellig
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tem
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ate
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1
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]
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itted
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tr
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s
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it r
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atien
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s
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k
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C
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D
-
1
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in
p
atien
ts
,
b
u
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th
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ap
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ig
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h
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e
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k
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s
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ter
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ir
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ed
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2
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2
.
Da
t
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T
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T
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h
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ig
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ican
tly
s
tr
ea
m
lin
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th
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p
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f
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ata
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s
I
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T
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en
s
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ate
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f
icien
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u
m
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,
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ata
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tr
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is
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io
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ati
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ts
’
o
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e
n
lev
els
is
cr
itical,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
co
n
s
id
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th
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i
m
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tim
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Sp
O2
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C
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-
1
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s
es.
R
o
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O2
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s
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r
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t
p
lay
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iv
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etec
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‘
s
ilen
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o
x
em
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in
s
elf
-
is
o
latin
g
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
ts
[
2
0
]
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
h
ea
r
t
r
ate
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er
v
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as
an
o
th
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tial
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lth
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eter
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ate,
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em
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MS
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DL
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o
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e,
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atien
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o
T
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e
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icted
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Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
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en
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r
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ata
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el
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Ar
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ates,
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ter
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e
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Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Glo
b
al
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y
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tem
ar
ch
it
ec
tu
r
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
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8
7
0
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I
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&
C
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p
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Vo
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14
,
No
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6
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Dec
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20
24
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2
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3
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Da
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elay
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atien
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o
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m
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ilit
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'
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ata
ce
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ter
at
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ito
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o
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o
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f
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s
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er
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ly
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ata
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ased
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atab
ase
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n
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a
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ase
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ates
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m
an
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atab
ase,
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r
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lik
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ticatio
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No
SQL
d
atab
ase,
r
em
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ig
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o
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d
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m
p
atib
ilit
y
with
v
ar
io
u
s
m
o
b
ile
o
r
web
ap
p
licatio
n
s
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
u
s
es
a
web
ap
p
licatio
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f
o
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m
o
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ito
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,
wh
ich
will
d
is
p
lay
a
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
o
f
p
atien
ts
'
clin
ical
p
ar
am
eter
s
an
d
s
en
d
aler
ts
in
cr
itical
s
itu
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
o
f
th
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in
tellig
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t
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r
v
eillan
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n
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o
f
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r
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u
b
s
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tem
s
,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
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f
ir
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m
(
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co
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ts
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f
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ted
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C
OVI
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-
1
9
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atien
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s
id
e,
m
ea
s
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r
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clin
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p
ar
am
eter
s
an
d
tr
an
s
m
itti
n
g
th
em
in
s
tan
tan
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s
ly
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e
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o
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h
e
r
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ac
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as
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g
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ay
,
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in
g
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alu
es
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ea
l
-
tim
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to
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er
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er
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Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Su
b
s
y
s
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s
T
h
e
clo
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d
s
u
b
s
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o
n
tain
s
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ase
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er
v
er
,
f
ir
e
b
ase
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
atab
ase
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
4
]
.
Her
e,
th
e
r
o
b
o
t
c
o
n
n
ec
ts
to
th
is
d
atab
a
s
e
in
r
ea
l
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tim
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ap
p
r
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iate
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tials
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Sen
s
o
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d
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s
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in
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ir
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ase
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l
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SON
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etr
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d
ev
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u
s
in
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th
e
f
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eb
ase
r
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tim
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ata
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ase
API
.
T
h
is
API
also
en
ab
les
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s
s
to
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ir
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ase
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er
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ices
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e
f
ir
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ase
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f
ir
eb
ase
au
t
h
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ticatio
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,
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d
f
ir
e
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ase
clo
u
d
m
ess
ag
in
g
f
r
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m
t
h
e
web
p
ag
e
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
is
f
ac
ilit
ated
th
e
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
f
ea
tu
r
es
s
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ch
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au
th
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ticatio
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d
ata
s
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e
,
an
d
p
u
s
h
n
o
tific
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n
s
to
th
e
web
ap
p
licatio
n
d
u
e
to
clo
u
d
m
ess
ag
in
g
(
FC
M)
.
T
h
e
last
s
u
b
s
y
s
tem
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
h
er
e
b
y
a
wo
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k
s
tatio
n
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h
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ce
s
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latf
o
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m
to
m
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e
ev
o
l
u
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
ts
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
d
a
s
h
b
o
ar
d
.
I
t
r
ec
eiv
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aler
ts
wh
en
th
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in
tellig
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t su
b
s
y
s
tem
p
r
ed
icts
th
at
th
e
p
atien
t's
s
itu
atio
n
is
g
ettin
g
wo
r
s
e.
3.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
D
I
n
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
m
at
h
em
atica
l
m
o
d
elin
g
,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
th
at
th
e
s
y
m
b
o
l
′
′
s
er
v
es
as
a
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
o
u
r
e
n
v
is
io
n
ed
s
y
s
tem
,
p
r
o
f
icien
t
in
ass
im
ilatin
g
d
iv
er
s
e
in
p
u
ts
d
esig
n
ated
as
1
(
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e)
,
2
(
h
ea
r
t
r
ate)
,
an
d
3
(
Sp
O2
lev
el)
.
W
ith
in
th
e
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
o
f
th
e
s
et
′
′
,
t
h
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
o
f
o
u
r
s
y
s
tem
en
co
m
p
ass
es
cr
u
cial
task
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
d
ata
c
o
llectio
n
,
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
,
an
d
a
n
o
m
aly
d
etec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lti
n
g
o
u
tp
u
t
′
′
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
y
s
tem
am
alg
am
ates
all
g
ath
er
ed
d
ata,
m
eticu
lo
u
s
ly
p
r
e
s
en
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
web
ap
p
licati
o
n
.
T
h
is
in
ter
f
ac
e
p
r
o
v
es
in
v
alu
ab
le
f
o
r
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
als,
f
ac
ilit
atin
g
th
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
ts
'
h
ea
lth
s
tatu
s
wi
th
h
eig
h
ten
ed
ef
f
icien
cy
.
T
h
e
ess
en
ce
o
f
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
,
d
en
o
ted
as
′
′
,
is
s
u
cc
in
ctly
ex
p
r
ess
ed
b
y
th
e
f
o
r
m
u
la
=
{
,
,
,
}
.
I
n
th
is
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
,
′
′
r
ep
r
esen
ts
o
u
r
c
o
n
ce
p
t
u
alize
d
s
y
s
tem
,
'
I
'
s
p
ec
if
ies
th
e
in
p
u
t
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
,
'
F
'
en
co
m
p
ass
es
a
s
u
ite
o
f
ex
ec
u
ted
f
u
n
cti
o
n
s
,
′
′
d
en
o
tes
th
e
s
y
s
tem
-
g
en
e
r
ated
o
u
tp
u
t,
an
d
′
′
en
ca
p
s
u
lates
in
h
er
e
n
t
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
in
clu
d
in
g
c
o
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
s
u
ch
as I
n
ter
n
et
c
o
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
a
n
d
s
en
s
o
r
s
tatu
s
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
is
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
a
m
u
lti
-
lay
er
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
(
ML
P)
to
class
if
y
t
h
e
d
ata,
m
o
s
t
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
th
e
c
ase
o
f
a
ta
b
u
l
ar
d
ataset
wh
ich
co
n
tain
s
clin
i
ca
l
p
ar
am
eter
s
[
2
6
]
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
d
o
cto
r
s
at
th
e
co
v
id
-
1
9
s
er
v
ices,
th
e
m
ain
p
ar
am
eter
s
th
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
m
o
n
ito
r
ed
f
r
e
q
u
en
tly
a
r
e
o
x
y
g
en
s
atu
r
atio
n
,
h
ea
r
t
r
ate
an
d
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e.
Fo
r
th
is
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
is
tr
ain
ed
with
a
d
ataset
o
f
1
0
,
0
0
0
v
alu
es
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
i
n
g
to
clin
ical
v
alu
es m
ea
s
u
r
ed
p
e
r
h
o
u
r
.
Int
e
l
l
i
g
e
nt
C
o
v
i
d
-
19
P
at
i
e
nt
M
o
ni
t
o
r
i
ng
S
y
st
e
m
IoT
S
u
b
s
y
s
t
em
D
a
t
a
Co
l
l
ect
i
o
n
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u
b
syst
em
C
l
o
u
d
Su
b
s
y
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t
em
F
i
reB
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se
R
ea
l
T
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me D
a
t
a
B
a
se
i
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
t
AI
s
u
b
s
y
s
t
e
m
--
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at
a
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
M
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
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a
n
d
Ex
p
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o
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t
i
o
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b
s
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M
o
n
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t
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D
a
sh
b
o
a
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vi
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2088
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8
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8
P
r
o
a
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mo
n
ito
r
in
g
a
n
d
p
r
ed
ictive
a
lert
s
fo
r
C
OV
I
D
-
1
9
p
a
tien
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a
n
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g
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(
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n
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a
c
eu
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Leila
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7271
T
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
is
b
ased
o
n
th
r
ee
-
lay
er
ML
P
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
wi
th
6
4
an
d
3
2
h
id
d
e
n
u
n
its
an
d
r
ec
tifie
d
lin
ea
r
u
n
it
(
R
eL
U)
ac
tiv
atio
n
s
,
as
we
ll
as
s
ig
m
o
id
ac
tiv
ati
o
n
f
o
r
th
e
last
lay
er
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
is
tr
ain
ed
u
s
in
g
s
to
ch
asti
c
g
r
ad
ien
t
d
escen
t
wi
th
a
b
in
ar
y
co
s
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
an
d
b
alan
ce
d
class
weig
h
ts
to
ac
co
u
n
t
f
o
r
th
e
m
ajo
r
ity
class
in
th
e
d
ata.
T
h
e
d
ata
is
n
o
r
m
alize
d
to
an
d
th
e
ca
teg
o
r
ical
v
alu
es
in
th
e
"Res
u
lt"
co
lu
m
n
a
r
e
e
n
co
d
e
d
a
s
n
u
m
er
ic
v
alu
es.
T
h
e
d
ata
is
b
alan
ce
d
b
y
r
esam
p
lin
g
th
e
m
ajo
r
ity
class
to
a
v
o
id
class
i
f
icatio
n
b
ias.
M
o
d
el
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
is
ev
alu
ated
o
n
th
e
tr
ain
in
g
an
d
test
in
g
s
ets
b
y
ca
lcu
latin
g
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
p
r
ec
is
io
n
,
r
ec
all,
an
d
F1
-
s
co
r
e.
L
o
s
s
v
alu
es
v
er
s
u
s
ep
o
ch
s
ar
e
also
s
h
o
w
n
to
tr
ac
k
m
o
d
el
t
r
ain
in
g
.
T
h
e
b
alan
ce
b
etwe
en
class
es
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
av
o
id
o
v
e
r
f
itti
n
g
an
d
to
o
b
tain
g
o
o
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
n
th
e
test
s
et.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
co
r
r
ec
tly
class
if
ied
9
8
.
6
7
%
o
f
th
e
s
am
p
les in
t
h
e
t
est s
et.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
4
.
1
.
K
ey
f
ind
ing
s
a
nd
inte
rpre
t
a
t
io
n
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
o
u
r
m
o
d
el
in
d
icate
th
at
th
e
p
r
ec
is
io
n
,
r
ec
all,
an
d
F1
-
s
co
r
e
ar
e
a
ll
eq
u
al
to
0
.
9
8
.
Acc
u
r
ac
y
,
d
ef
in
ed
as
th
e
r
atio
b
etwe
en
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
tr
u
e
p
o
s
itiv
es
(
s
am
p
les
co
r
r
ec
tly
p
r
ed
icted
as
p
o
s
itiv
e)
an
d
th
e
t
o
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
r
e
d
icted
p
o
s
itiv
es,
in
d
icate
s
th
at
th
e
m
o
d
el
co
r
r
ec
t
ly
id
en
tifie
d
m
o
s
t
p
o
s
itiv
es.
R
ec
all,
th
e
r
atio
o
f
tr
u
e
p
o
s
itiv
es
to
th
e
t
o
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ac
tu
al
p
o
s
itiv
es,
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
th
e
m
o
d
e
l
ac
cu
r
ately
id
e
n
tifie
d
m
o
s
t
tr
u
e
p
o
s
itiv
es.
T
h
e
F1
-
s
co
r
e
,
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
m
ea
n
o
f
p
r
ec
i
s
io
n
an
d
r
ec
all,
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
u
s
ef
u
l
in
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
with
u
n
b
alan
ce
d
class
es.
T
h
e
h
ig
h
v
alu
es
o
f
th
ese
m
etr
ics
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
th
e
m
o
d
el
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
ex
ce
p
tio
n
ally
well
o
n
th
e
test
s
et.
4
.
2
.
Det
a
iled a
na
ly
s
is
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
an
d
class
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
wer
e
g
en
er
ated
f
o
r
ea
ch
e
x
a
m
p
le
in
th
e
test
s
et.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
a
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
p
r
e
d
ictio
n
o
f
0
.
0
1
0
7
7
5
7
1
f
o
r
th
e
f
ir
s
t
ex
a
m
p
le
in
d
icate
s
a
1
.
0
7
7
5
7
1
%
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
th
at
th
e
p
atien
t
wi
ll
d
eter
io
r
ate.
C
lass
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
,
b
ased
o
n
a
th
r
esh
o
l
d
o
f
0
.
5
,
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
b
in
ar
y
o
u
tco
m
e
wh
e
r
e
a
v
alu
e
ab
o
v
e
th
e
th
r
esh
o
ld
p
r
ed
icts
d
eter
io
r
atio
n
.
T
o
ev
alu
ate
m
o
d
el
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
o
r
e
c
o
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
ely
,
w
e
u
tili
ze
d
a
p
r
ec
is
io
n
-
r
ec
all
c
u
r
v
e.
T
h
is
cu
r
v
e
p
lo
ts
p
r
ec
is
io
n
ag
ain
s
t
r
ec
all
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
t
h
r
esh
o
l
d
v
alu
es,
o
f
f
er
i
n
g
a
v
is
u
al
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
el’
s
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
ac
r
o
s
s
v
ar
io
u
s
d
ec
is
io
n
th
r
esh
o
l
d
s
.
A
n
av
er
ag
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
o
f
0
.
9
9
9
2
8
0
1
9
6
3
0
2
2
5
0
1
an
d
an
av
er
ag
e
r
ec
all
o
f
0
.
9
8
4
9
6
9
9
3
9
8
7
9
7
5
9
6
f
u
r
th
e
r
v
alid
ate
t
h
e
m
o
d
el’
s
h
ig
h
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
4
.
3
.
Co
m
pa
ra
t
iv
e
a
na
ly
s
is
Hav
in
g
ex
a
m
in
ed
th
e
d
etailed
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
etr
ics
o
f
o
u
r
m
o
d
el,
we
n
o
w
co
m
p
ar
e
th
e
s
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
with
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
to
co
n
tex
tu
alize
o
u
r
r
esu
lts
with
in
th
e
b
r
o
a
d
er
f
ield
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
t
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
.
Ou
r
m
o
d
el’
s
h
ig
h
p
r
ec
is
io
n
a
n
d
r
ec
all
v
alu
es
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
e
it
s
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
an
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
W
h
ile
s
o
m
e
s
tu
d
ies
r
ep
o
r
t
s
im
ilar
m
etr
ics,
th
e
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
o
f
o
u
r
r
esu
lts
ac
r
o
s
s
d
if
f
er
en
t
th
r
esh
o
ld
s
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
m
o
d
el’
s
s
u
p
er
io
r
ca
p
a
b
ilit
y
in
h
a
n
d
lin
g
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
d
ataset
u
s
ed
f
o
r
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
t m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
.
4
.
4
.
Study
’
s
s
t
re
ng
t
hs
a
nd
lim
it
a
t
io
ns
On
e
o
f
th
e
s
tr
en
g
th
s
o
f
o
u
r
s
t
u
d
y
is
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
a
th
r
ee
-
lay
er
ML
P
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
with
6
4
an
d
3
2
h
id
d
en
u
n
its
,
wh
ich
h
as
p
r
o
v
e
n
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
f
o
r
th
e
d
ataset
at
h
an
d
.
H
o
wev
er
,
th
e
s
tu
d
y
also
h
as
li
m
itatio
n
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
p
o
ten
tial
b
iases
in
th
e
d
atase
t
an
d
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies.
Un
ex
p
ec
ted
r
esu
lts
,
s
u
ch
as
o
cc
asio
n
al
m
is
class
if
i
ca
tio
n
s
,
wer
e
an
aly
ze
d
b
y
r
ev
i
s
itin
g
th
e
m
o
d
el'
s
tr
ain
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
ex
am
i
n
in
g
th
e
d
ata
f
o
r
an
o
m
alies.
T
h
is
h
elp
ed
id
en
tify
p
o
ten
tial
ar
ea
s
f
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
an
d
r
ef
in
e
th
e
m
o
d
el'
s
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
T
h
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
s
u
g
g
est
th
at
f
u
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
s
h
o
u
l
d
f
o
cu
s
o
n
en
h
an
cin
g
d
ata
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r
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
an
d
ex
p
lo
r
in
g
alter
n
ativ
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
to
m
itig
ate
m
is
class
if
icatio
n
s
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
o
v
er
all
m
o
d
el
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
.
4
.
5
.
I
m
pli
ca
t
i
o
ns
a
nd
f
uture
wo
rk
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
'
s
f
in
d
in
g
s
em
p
h
asize
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
in
teg
r
atin
g
AI
with
I
o
T
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
h
ea
lt
h
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
p
ar
ticu
la
r
ly
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
.
T
h
e
h
i
g
h
ac
cu
r
ac
y
an
d
r
ec
all
o
f
o
u
r
m
o
d
el
s
u
g
g
est
th
at
it
ca
n
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
aid
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
als
in
ea
r
ly
d
e
tectio
n
an
d
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
,
p
o
te
n
tially
s
av
in
g
liv
es.
Fu
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
s
h
o
u
ld
f
o
cu
s
o
n
en
h
an
cin
g
th
e
d
ataset
b
y
in
clu
d
in
g
m
o
r
e
d
iv
er
s
e
an
d
c
o
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
d
ata
p
o
in
ts
,
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
an
d
ex
p
lo
r
in
g
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
o
th
er
m
ac
h
in
e
lea
r
n
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
t
o
f
u
r
th
er
in
c
r
ea
s
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
a
n
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
a
r
e
al
-
wo
r
ld
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
s
ettin
g
will b
e
cr
u
cial
to
v
alid
ate
its
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
an
d
p
r
ac
ti
ca
l a
p
p
licab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
ec
is
io
n
-
r
ec
all
c
u
r
v
e
p
r
e
s
en
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
g
o
o
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
d
el,
wit
h
p
r
ec
is
io
n
an
d
r
ec
all
v
alu
es
r
e
m
ain
in
g
h
ig
h
ac
r
o
s
s
d
if
f
er
en
t
th
r
esh
o
ld
s
.
T
h
is
co
n
tin
u
ed
h
i
g
h
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
as
f
u
r
th
er
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
1
,
in
d
icate
s
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
,
wh
ich
is
ess
en
tial
to
en
s
u
r
e
r
eliab
le
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
ts
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
t
h
is
s
tab
ilit
y
allo
w
s
th
e
m
o
d
el
to
co
r
r
ec
tly
id
en
tify
cr
itical
c
ases
wh
ile
l
im
itin
g
f
alse p
o
s
itiv
es,
wh
ich
is
cr
u
cial
in
a
m
ed
ical
co
n
tex
t.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
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I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
e
r
20
24
:
7
2
6
6
-
7
2
7
4
7272
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Pre
cisi
o
n
-
r
ec
all
cu
r
v
e
T
ab
le
1
.
Su
m
m
a
r
y
tab
le
o
f
m
o
d
el
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
M
e
t
r
i
c
V
a
l
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e
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r
e
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e
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a
l
l
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o
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e
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v
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v
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r
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l
0
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5
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
we
p
r
esen
ted
a
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
ts
ad
m
itted
to
a
h
o
s
p
ital
u
s
in
g
a
ML
P
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
tr
ain
ed
o
n
clin
ical
d
ata
co
llected
v
ia
an
I
o
T
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
at
th
is
m
eth
o
d
h
as
h
ig
h
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
in
p
r
ed
ictin
g
wh
eth
er
t
h
e
p
atien
t's
co
n
d
itio
n
is
wo
r
s
en
in
g
,
with
an
av
e
r
ag
e
p
r
ec
is
io
n
v
alu
e
o
f
0
.
9
9
9
2
8
0
1
9
6
3
0
2
2
5
0
1
an
d
an
av
e
r
ag
e
r
e
ca
ll
v
alu
e
o
f
0
.
9
8
4
9
6
9
9
3
9
8
7
9
7
5
9
6
.
Utilizin
g
an
I
o
T
s
y
s
tem
to
c
o
llect
clin
ical
d
ata
m
in
im
izes
co
n
s
tan
t
c
o
n
t
ac
t
with
p
atien
ts
,
wh
ich
is
cr
u
cial
to
p
r
e
v
en
t
th
e
s
p
r
ea
d
o
f
th
e
v
ir
u
s
.
Ad
d
itio
n
a
lly
,
s
to
r
in
g
d
ata
in
th
e
clo
u
d
a
llo
ws
it
to
b
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
an
d
a
n
aly
ze
d
later
,
wh
ich
is
b
en
ef
icial
f
o
r
r
esear
ch
an
d
ep
id
em
io
lo
g
ical
s
u
r
v
eillan
ce
.
T
h
e
lo
ca
l
s
u
b
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
co
m
m
u
n
icate
in
r
ea
l
tim
e
with
th
e
clo
u
d
u
s
in
g
a
s
ec
u
r
e
I
n
ter
n
et
c
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
,
allo
win
g
clin
ical
d
ata
to
b
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
an
d
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
o
f
p
atien
t
h
ea
lth
s
tatu
s
to
b
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
in
r
ea
l
tim
e.
I
f
a
p
atien
t'
s
co
n
d
itio
n
d
eter
io
r
ates,
th
e
lo
ca
l
s
u
b
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
s
en
d
an
aler
t
t
o
th
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
web
s
ite
h
o
s
t
ed
o
n
Fire
b
ase,
en
a
b
lin
g
ca
r
e
g
iv
er
s
to
in
ter
v
e
n
e
q
u
ick
ly
b
e
f
o
r
e
t
h
e
s
itu
atio
n
b
ec
o
m
es
cr
itical.
Ou
r
f
in
d
in
g
s
in
d
icate
th
at
an
I
o
T
an
d
AI
-
b
ased
h
o
s
p
ital
ad
m
is
s
io
n
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
ts
ca
n
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
im
p
r
o
v
e
p
atien
t
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
co
n
s
tan
t
p
h
y
s
ical
co
n
tact,
an
d
en
a
b
le
r
a
p
id
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
in
t
h
e
e
v
en
t
o
f
a
p
atien
t'
s
h
ea
lth
d
eter
io
r
atio
n
.
T
h
e
im
p
licatio
n
s
o
f
o
u
r
r
esear
ch
ex
ten
d
b
ey
o
n
d
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
atien
t
m
an
a
g
em
en
t,
s
u
g
g
esti
n
g
p
o
ten
tial
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
v
ar
i
o
u
s
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
s
ettin
g
s
wh
e
r
e
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
aler
ts
ca
n
en
h
an
ce
p
atien
t
ca
r
e
.
Fu
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
c
o
u
ld
ex
p
lo
r
e
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
ad
d
itio
n
al
d
a
ta
s
o
u
r
ce
s
an
d
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
th
is
m
eth
o
d
to
o
th
er
d
is
ea
s
es to
f
u
r
th
er
v
alid
at
e
an
d
ex
te
n
d
its
u
s
ef
u
ln
ess
in
t
h
e
m
ed
ical
f
ield
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
L.
En
n
a
c
e
u
r
,
S
.
B
.
O
t
h
m
a
n
,
C
.
C
h
a
k
r
a
b
o
r
t
y
,
F
.
A
.
A
l
m
a
l
k
i
,
a
n
d
H
.
S
a
k
l
i
,
“
Emer
g
i
n
g
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
t
o
c
o
m
b
a
t
t
h
e
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
p
a
n
d
e
mi
c
,
”
i
n
D
i
g
i
t
a
l
H
e
a
l
t
h
T
ra
n
sf
o
rm
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
Bl
o
c
k
c
h
a
i
n
a
n
d
Art
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
I
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
,
C
R
C
P
r
e
ss,
2
0
2
2
,
p
p
.
2
3
5
–
2
5
1
.
[
2
]
Y
.
D
o
n
g
a
n
d
Y
.
-
D
.
Y
a
o
,
“
I
o
T
p
l
a
t
f
o
r
m
f
o
r
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
p
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
:
a
s
u
r
v
e
y
,
”
I
EE
E
A
c
c
e
ss
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
p
p
.
4
9
9
2
9
–
4
9
9
4
1
,
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
A
C
C
ESS
.
2
0
2
1
.
3
0
6
8
2
7
6
.
[
3
]
A
.
A
n
u
p
a
m,
N
.
J
.
M
o
h
a
n
,
S
.
S
a
h
o
o
,
a
n
d
S
.
C
h
a
k
r
a
b
o
r
t
y
,
“
P
r
e
l
i
m
i
n
a
r
y
d
i
a
g
n
o
si
s
o
f
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
c
o
u
g
h
so
u
n
d
s
u
si
n
g
mac
h
i
n
e
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
a
l
g
o
r
i
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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k
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wire
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telli
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m
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A
ffil
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P
rin
c
e
La
b
o
ra
t
o
r
y
Re
se
a
rc
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IS
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m
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c
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tac
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b
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n
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so
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fi
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@y
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h
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fr
.
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e
d
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a
k
li
wa
s
b
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rn
in
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n
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sia
,
in
1
9
6
6
.
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re
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d
th
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M
.
S
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d
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s fro
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ra
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f
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l
M
a
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a
r
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i
n
2
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n
d
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f
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r
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a
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th
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f
m
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rti
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re
se
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rc
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ti
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fe
rrit
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,
c
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c
ted
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jec
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se
n
so
r
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e
two
r
k
s,
a
n
d
a
rti
ficia
l
i
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
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a
t
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:
sa
k
l
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d
i
1
2
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c
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c
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s
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ti
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c
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f
En
g
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n
e
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rs
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f
G
a
b
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s
(NES
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),
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n
isia,
a
n
d
a
t
th
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Na
ti
o
n
a
l
Hi
g
h
e
r
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c
h
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l
o
f
El
e
c
tro
tec
h
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ics
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e
c
tro
n
ics
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C
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m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
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,
Hy
d
ra
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li
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s
a
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d
Tele
c
o
m
m
u
n
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ti
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n
s
(
ENS
EE
IHT),
T
o
u
l
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se
,
F
ra
n
c
e
,
in
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0
,
a
n
d
o
b
tai
n
e
d
h
is
h
a
b
il
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tatio
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d
ip
l
o
m
a
in
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m
m
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ti
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s
fr
o
m
th
e
Un
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o
f
G
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b
è
s,
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n
isia,
in
2
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7
.
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n
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8
,
h
e
is
a
n
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ss
o
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ro
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o
r
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t
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.
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2
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9
,
h
e
is
a
re
se
a
rc
h
a
ss
o
c
iate
a
t
th
e
Am
e
rica
n
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iv
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rsity
o
f
S
h
a
rjah
.
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c
u
rre
n
t
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
st
s
in
c
lu
d
e
ima
g
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p
r
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ss
in
g
,
sy
n
t
h
e
ti
c
a
p
e
rtu
re
ra
d
a
r
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g
e
a
n
a
ly
sis,
a
n
d
n
u
m
e
rica
l
m
e
th
o
d
s
i
n
e
lec
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
sm
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
t
a
c
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
M
o
h
a
m
e
d
_
y
a
h
ia1
@y
a
h
o
o
.
fr
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.