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I
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Vo
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14
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No
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6
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Dec
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20
24
:
6
2
6
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6
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es
[
1
7
]
.
I
n
ad
d
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n
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[
1
8
]
,
[
1
9
]
.
O
n
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o
t
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h
a
n
d
,
t
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d
i
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[
1
0
]
,
[
1
4
]
.
I
f
t
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p
H
l
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s
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a
t
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[
2
]
,
[
3
]
.
C
u
r
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n
t
l
y
,
m
a
n
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a
u
t
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w
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m
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i
t
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g
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
,
[
5
]
,
[
2
0
]
–
[
2
5
]
,
a
l
t
h
o
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v
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w
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t
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p
H
c
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n
t
r
o
l
[
2
]
,
[
7
]
,
[
2
6
]
.
M
o
s
t
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s
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a
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h
i
n
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s
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l
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n
a
q
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m
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a
n
k
s
[
3
]
,
[
9
]
,
[
1
6
]
,
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
2
]
,
[
2
7
]
.
I
n
s
u
m
m
a
r
y
,
a
m
e
c
h
a
n
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c
al
f
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a
n
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-
to
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g
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t
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(
A
D
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)
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f
a
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T
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p
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q
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p
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c
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n
d
i
t
i
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n
s
.
T
h
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m
a
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n
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b
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t
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v
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f
t
h
i
s
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m
is
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m
a
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t
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ta
b
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l
ity
i
n
t
h
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p
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t
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r
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,
w
h
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s
ess
e
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t
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al
f
o
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f
i
s
h
f
a
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m
i
n
g
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
M
a
t
er
ia
l
T
h
e
ex
p
er
im
e
n
ts
wer
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
in
an
aq
u
ar
iu
m
d
esig
n
ed
s
p
ec
if
ically
f
o
r
d
o
m
esti
c
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
en
ts
.
T
h
is
aq
u
ar
iu
m
is
n
o
tab
le
f
o
r
its
co
m
p
ac
t
s
ize,
s
m
all
s
p
ac
e,
an
d
s
ty
lized
cir
cu
itry
d
esig
n
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
W
e
u
s
ed
a
p
H
-
7
B
NC
s
en
s
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r
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wh
ich
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ates
th
e
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ity
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f
wate
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m
ea
s
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its
ac
id
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lev
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Gen
er
ally
,
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aim
to
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ai
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a
r
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f
b
etwe
en
6
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5
an
d
7
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5
at
m
o
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t
[
2
]
.
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n
ad
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itio
n
,
we
in
co
r
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r
ate
a
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6
×
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tal
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(
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m
o
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el
L
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1
6
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wh
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at
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is
tr
ib
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ted
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lin
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cr
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W
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5
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r
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f
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tr
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.
Als
o
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two
1
2
V
wate
r
p
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m
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s
w
er
e
im
p
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en
ted
to
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with
two
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s
o
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at
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tr
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o
f
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in
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.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Op
e
r
atin
g
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r
am
f
lu
id
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ir
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tio
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ir
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it c
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ti
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I
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p
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8
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(
F
a
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r
cia
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6267
2
.
2
.
O
pera
t
io
n
T
h
e
aq
u
ar
iu
m
s
y
s
tem
h
as
s
ev
er
al
k
ey
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
,
all
s
u
p
er
v
is
ed
b
y
a
PIC1
8
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4
5
0
m
icr
o
co
n
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o
ller
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A
p
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r
if
icatio
n
p
r
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ce
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s
is
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ated
wh
en
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wate
r
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el
r
e
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h
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its
m
ax
im
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m
ca
p
ac
ity
.
B
ef
o
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e
s
tar
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g
,
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e
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ch
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k
s
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en
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5
th
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ld
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f
a
f
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ir
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ativ
e,
th
e
m
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o
ller
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en
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ig
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m
p
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d
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e
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atin
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t
h
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w
wate
r
f
lo
w
to
th
e
f
ilter
,
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
On
ce
th
e
wate
r
p
ass
es
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r
o
u
g
h
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ical
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ee
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in
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ated
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r
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e
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ir
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g
it
b
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to
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ar
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m
.
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s
will
co
n
tin
u
e
u
n
til
th
e
p
H
r
ea
ch
es
6
.
5
t
o
7
.
5
;
if
it
r
em
ain
s
with
in
th
is
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an
g
e,
th
e
p
u
m
p
s
,
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o
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o
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n
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will
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to
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atica
lly
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.
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e
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o
n
m
en
t.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
th
e
l
o
ca
tio
n
o
f
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ch
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m
p
o
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en
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e
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with
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ep
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th
e
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n
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e
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u
m
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ip
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.
On
th
e
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e
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h
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d
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Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
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ws
th
e
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ic
o
f
th
e
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o
r
it
h
m
with
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ich
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h
e
p
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ject
o
p
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ates.
At
s
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ies
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th
e
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H
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is
with
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e
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lis
h
ed
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an
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e,
wh
ich
g
o
es
f
r
o
m
6
.
5
to
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.
5
,
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
H
s
en
s
o
r
.
T
h
e
p
u
m
p
s
an
d
s
o
len
o
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es
ar
e
ac
tiv
ated
if
th
e
p
H
is
n
o
t
with
in
th
is
r
an
g
e.
T
h
is
ac
tio
n
d
ir
ec
ts
th
e
wate
r
f
lo
w
f
r
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m
th
e
aq
u
ar
iu
m
to
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e
f
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d
b
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k
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to
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e
aq
u
a
r
iu
m
,
t
h
u
s
in
itiatin
g
a
r
ec
ir
cu
latio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
is
cy
cle
co
n
tin
u
es
u
n
til
th
e
p
H
v
alu
e
r
ea
ch
es th
e
s
et
r
an
g
e.
R
ec
ir
cu
latio
n
is
n
o
t a
ctiv
ated
if
t
h
e
p
H
is
alr
ea
d
y
with
in
th
e
s
et
r
an
g
e
.
Fig
u
r
e
2.
Aq
u
ar
iu
m
wate
r
f
iltr
atio
n
an
d
r
ec
ir
cu
latio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
lo
w
ch
ar
t
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
C
alib
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
H
s
en
s
o
r
in
clu
d
es
clea
n
in
g
th
e
elec
tr
o
d
e
an
d
im
m
er
s
in
g
it
i
n
k
n
o
wn
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
,
ad
ju
s
tin
g
th
e
ze
r
o
to
p
H
7
.
0
0
an
d
th
e
s
lo
p
e
to
p
H
4
.
0
1
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
ac
cu
r
ate
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
.
Af
ter
ca
lib
r
atin
g
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
,
we
co
n
d
u
cted
test
s
b
y
im
m
er
s
in
g
it
in
th
e
a
q
u
ar
i
u
m
.
W
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
s
tab
ilit
y
in
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
f
ir
s
t
two
d
ay
s
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
we
n
o
ticed
in
cr
ea
s
ed
p
H
b
y
th
e
th
ir
d
d
ay
d
u
e
to
f
is
h
ac
tiv
ity
.
As
th
e
d
ay
s
p
ass
ed
,
th
e
ac
tio
n
o
f
th
e
f
iltra
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
ca
u
s
ed
v
ar
iatio
n
s
an
d
a
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
p
H.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
e
r
20
24
:
6
2
6
5
-
6
2
7
0
6268
T
h
e
test
r
esu
lts
in
d
icate
th
at
t
h
e
p
H
lev
el
o
f
th
e
wate
r
v
ar
ies
ev
er
y
two
d
ay
s
.
T
h
ese
v
ar
iatio
n
s
ar
e
d
u
e
to
th
e
r
an
g
e
estab
lis
h
ed
b
y
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
,
wh
ic
h
m
ea
s
u
r
es
v
alu
es
with
in
th
is
r
an
g
e
.
On
l
y
wh
en
th
e
v
alu
es
ex
ce
ed
7
.
5
is
th
e
f
ilter
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ac
tiv
ated
to
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
p
H,
th
u
s
allo
win
g
wate
r
r
ec
ir
cu
latio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
f
ilter
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
an
aly
ze
s
th
e
b
eh
a
v
io
r
o
f
t
h
e
v
al
u
es
d
etec
ted
b
y
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
o
n
d
if
f
er
en
t
d
ay
s
.
I
t
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
th
e
b
lu
e
lin
e
g
r
ad
u
ally
ad
ju
s
ts
to
th
e
d
esire
d
r
an
g
e,
with
lim
its
s
et
a
t
7
.
5
as
m
ax
im
u
m
an
d
6
.
5
as
m
in
im
u
m
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
o
cc
asio
n
ally
th
e
v
alu
es
ex
ce
ed
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
lim
it
d
u
e
to
o
r
g
a
n
ic
waste
g
en
er
ated
b
y
th
e
f
is
h
,
th
ey
n
ev
er
d
r
o
p
b
elo
w
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
v
alu
e
th
an
k
s
to
th
e
ac
tio
n
o
f
th
e
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
f
ilter
,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
p
H
v
ar
iatio
n
g
r
ap
h
i
n
th
e
estab
lis
h
ed
r
an
g
e
I
n
o
th
e
r
ar
ticles,
th
e
f
ac
et
to
c
o
n
s
id
er
is
th
at,
u
p
o
n
in
itiatin
g
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
,
with
in
1
0
s
ec
o
n
d
s
,
th
e
p
H
lev
el
is
lo
wer
ed
f
r
o
m
8
.
9
2
t
o
7
.
3
7
(
with
in
th
e
ac
ce
p
ted
r
an
g
e
o
f
6
.
5
to
7
.
5
p
H)
.
H
o
wev
er
,
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
1
0
s
ec
o
n
d
s
,
t
h
e
p
H
s
en
s
o
r
r
ea
d
in
g
ex
p
e
r
ien
ce
s
a
n
ab
r
u
p
t
d
ec
r
ea
s
e,
r
ea
ch
in
g
a
p
H
o
f
5
.
7
1
,
wh
ich
lead
s
to
ex
ce
s
s
iv
e
ac
id
ity
in
t
h
e
aq
u
a
r
iu
m
wate
r
[
2
]
.
I
n
o
th
er
wo
r
d
s
,
th
e
r
esear
c
h
ab
o
v
e
s
h
o
ws
a
m
ax
im
u
m
m
ar
g
in
o
f
er
r
o
r
o
f
1
5
.
7
3
%
a
n
d
a
m
in
im
u
m
m
ar
g
i
n
o
f
1
2
.
1
5
%.
On
th
e
co
n
tr
ar
y
,
in
o
u
r
s
tu
d
y
,
an
er
r
o
r
o
f
3
.
8
4
% is
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
,
th
u
s
ex
ce
e
d
in
g
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
lim
it e
s
tab
lis
h
ed
,
wh
ich
is
7
.
8
p
H.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
lim
it d
o
es n
o
t r
eg
is
ter
an
er
r
o
r
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
s
in
ce
it
d
o
es n
o
t
f
all
b
elo
w
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
6
.
5
p
H.
Fro
m
a
f
o
ca
l
p
e
r
s
p
ec
tiv
e,
th
e
f
o
cu
s
is
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
ac
id
it
y
lev
els,
s
p
ec
if
ically
p
H
an
d
am
m
o
n
ia
v
alu
es,
b
y
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
in
ter
n
et
o
f
th
in
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
tech
n
o
lo
g
i
es.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
ate
d
r
an
g
e
f
o
r
t
h
ese
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
is
s
et
a
t
6
.
5
to
7
.
5
p
H,
wh
e
r
e
a
lig
h
t
-
em
itti
n
g
d
io
d
e
(
L
E
D)
lig
h
t
s
ig
n
al
is
s
et
wh
en
th
ese
l
i
m
its
ar
e
ex
ce
ed
ed
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
an
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
u
p
to
1
0
0
%
.
Ho
wev
er
,
it
is
ess
en
tial
to
n
o
te
th
at
th
e
p
r
esen
t
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
f
o
cu
s
es
ex
clu
s
iv
ely
o
n
ev
al
u
atin
g
wate
r
ac
id
it
y
lev
els
in
th
e
aq
u
a
r
iu
m
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
[
2
8
]
.
On
t
h
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
in
o
u
r
r
esear
ch
,
we
ev
alu
ated
p
H
lev
els
an
d
s
tab
ilized
th
em
with
in
th
e
estab
lis
h
ed
r
an
g
e
b
y
f
iltra
tio
n
.
W
e
u
s
ed
o
u
r
r
ec
ir
cu
latio
n
s
y
s
tem
to
p
r
o
lo
n
g
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
aq
u
ar
i
u
m
wate
r
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
ar
ticle
c
o
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
ely
ad
d
r
ess
es
th
e
ch
allen
g
es
an
d
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
ass
o
ciate
d
with
aq
u
ar
iu
m
f
is
h
f
ar
m
in
g
,
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
m
ain
tain
in
g
o
p
tim
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
f
is
h
h
ea
lth
an
d
lo
n
g
ev
ity
.
T
h
e
im
p
lem
en
te
d
s
y
s
tem
,
w
h
ich
co
m
b
in
es
a
p
H
s
en
s
o
r
,
a
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
an
d
a
m
ec
h
an
ical
f
ilter
,
h
as
p
r
o
v
e
n
to
b
e
.
E
f
f
ec
tiv
e
in
m
ain
tain
in
g
wate
r
p
H
lev
els
with
in
a
d
esire
d
r
a
n
g
e.
T
h
is
ac
h
iev
em
en
t
is
ac
co
m
p
lis
h
ed
b
y
in
c
r
ea
s
in
g
wate
r
r
ec
ir
cu
latio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
f
ilter
o
n
l
y
wh
e
n
p
H
v
alu
es
d
ev
iate
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
et
r
an
g
e.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
a
s
o
lu
tio
n
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
th
e
h
ea
lth
an
d
well
-
b
e
in
g
o
f
th
e
f
is
h
b
y
m
ain
tain
in
g
a
n
o
p
tim
al
aq
u
at
ic
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
I
t
is
also
n
o
t
ed
th
at
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
p
H
lev
el
r
ea
ch
ed
is
7
.
8
,
s
u
r
p
ass
in
g
th
e
u
p
p
er
lim
it
o
f
7
.
5
(
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
a
3
.
8
4
%
v
ar
iatio
n
)
,
a
n
d
n
o
m
in
im
u
m
lim
i
t
is
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
,
as
it
d
o
es
n
o
t
d
r
o
p
b
elo
w
6
.
5
p
H,
all
th
an
k
s
to
th
e
f
iltra
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
th
at
p
r
ev
en
ts
th
e
im
b
alan
ce
o
f
ac
id
ity
an
d
alk
alin
ity
lev
els.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
A
n
a
u
to
m
a
ted
p
o
w
er o
f h
yd
r
o
g
en
co
n
tr
o
lled
filt
r
a
tio
n
s
yste
m
fo
r
en
h
a
n
ce
d
…
(
F
a
b
io
Ga
r
cia
)
6269
Sev
er
al
ar
ea
s
o
f
r
esear
c
h
a
n
d
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
ca
n
b
e
id
e
n
tifie
d
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
s
tu
d
ies.
Op
tim
iza
tio
n
o
f
th
e
f
iltra
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
em
,
wh
er
e
m
eth
o
d
s
ca
n
b
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
f
iltra
tio
n
ef
f
icien
cy
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
d
if
f
er
en
t
ty
p
es
o
f
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
an
d
b
io
lo
g
ical
f
il
ter
s
.
Ad
ap
tab
ilit
y
to
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
f
is
h
s
p
ec
ies
is
also
cr
u
cial;
h
o
w
th
e
s
y
s
tem
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
s
p
ec
ies
an
d
th
eir
s
p
ec
if
ic
n
ee
d
s
in
ter
m
s
o
f
p
H
m
u
s
t
b
e
an
aly
ze
d
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
v
alid
atio
n
in
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
:
test
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
d
iv
er
s
e
aq
u
atic
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
,
s
u
ch
as
lar
g
er
aq
u
ar
i
u
m
s
o
r
co
m
m
er
cial
a
q
u
ac
u
ltu
r
e
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
ts
.
T
h
ese
s
u
g
g
esti
o
n
s
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
ca
n
co
n
t
r
ib
u
te
to
ad
v
an
cin
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
u
s
ed
in
aq
u
ar
i
u
m
f
is
h
f
ar
m
i
n
g
.
T
h
is
wo
u
ld
im
p
r
o
v
e
f
is
h
h
ea
lth
an
d
welf
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:
c
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