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I
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u
s
in
g
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
to
co
m
p
u
te
m
o
n
th
ly
lo
w
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
clim
atic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
[
1
2
]
.
Ka
r
im
i
et
al
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
lo
ad
-
s
h
ar
in
g
s
ch
em
e
f
o
r
a
PV
-
b
ased
h
y
b
r
id
m
icr
o
g
r
id
[
1
3
]
.
R
eb
o
llal
et
a
l
.
em
p
h
asize
th
e
in
v
er
te
r
'
s
s
i
g
n
if
ican
ce
i
n
s
o
lar
i
n
s
tallatio
n
s
[
1
4
]
.
B
u
tt
et
a
l
.
d
is
cu
s
s
s
m
ar
t
g
r
id
im
p
ac
ts
o
n
p
o
wer
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
ca
lls
f
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
co
o
r
d
in
ati
o
n
an
d
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
izatio
n
in
win
d
an
d
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
s
tu
d
ies,
f
o
c
u
s
in
g
o
n
h
o
u
r
ly
r
eso
lu
tio
n
s
f
o
r
ac
cu
r
ate
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
an
d
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
en
e
r
g
y
s
y
s
tem
in
ef
f
icien
cies
[
1
6
]
-
[
1
8
]
.
R
esear
ch
er
s
p
r
io
r
itize
win
d
an
d
s
o
l
ar
en
er
g
y
to
m
ee
t
r
en
ewa
b
le
p
o
r
tf
o
lio
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
an
d
em
is
s
io
n
r
ed
u
ctio
n
tar
g
et
s
,
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
m
o
d
els
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
i
n
f
lu
en
cin
g
ele
m
en
ts
an
d
tem
p
o
r
al
f
lu
ct
u
atio
n
s
f
o
r
in
c
r
ea
s
ed
ac
cu
r
ac
y
[
1
9
]
,
[
2
0
]
.
Sp
ec
ial
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
ar
e
em
p
l
o
y
ed
to
o
p
tim
ize
en
er
g
y
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
ec
asts
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
in
th
e
co
n
te
x
t
o
f
n
o
v
el
h
y
b
r
id
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
m
o
d
els [
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
2.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
D
YN
AM
I
C
A
P
P
R
O
A
C
H
Desp
ite
win
d
en
er
g
y
f
o
r
ec
a
s
tin
g
p
r
o
g
r
ess
s
u
r
p
ass
in
g
s
o
lar
m
eth
o
d
s
,
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
s
o
lar
elec
tr
icity
f
r
o
m
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
en
er
g
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
(
DE
R
s
)
is
p
iv
o
tal
f
o
r
g
r
id
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
Acc
u
r
a
te
lo
ad
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
ar
e
ess
en
tial
f
o
r
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
an
d
g
r
i
d
-
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t
lo
ad
b
alan
cin
g
.
T
h
e
g
r
i
d
-
t
i
e
d
w
i
n
d
a
n
d
s
o
l
ar
s
y
s
te
m
,
i
l
l
u
s
t
r
a
t
e
d
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
e
m
p
h
a
s
i
z
es
t
h
e
c
o
n
t
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
o
f
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
PV
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
t
o
t
h
e
n
e
t
l
o
a
d
c
u
r
v
e
[
2
3
]
.
A
d
d
r
e
s
s
i
n
g
c
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
e
s
l
i
k
e
lo
a
d
v
a
r
i
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
a
n
d
u
n
c
e
r
t
a
i
n
t
y
i
n
s
o
l
a
r
i
r
r
a
d
i
a
n
c
e
f
o
r
e
c
a
s
t
i
n
g
i
s
c
r
u
c
ia
l
f
o
r
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
i
n
g
e
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
r
e
d
u
c
i
n
g
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
c
o
s
ts
s
t
e
m
m
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
P
V
o
v
e
r
g
e
n
er
a
t
i
o
n
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Gr
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
s
o
lar
an
d
win
d
s
y
s
tem
'
s
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
Acc
u
r
ate
f
o
r
ec
asts
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
en
h
an
ce
u
tili
ty
b
y
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
g
r
id
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
s
tab
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
lo
ad
tr
ac
k
in
g
f
o
r
ec
o
n
o
m
ical
d
is
p
atch
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
a
s
h
o
r
t
-
ter
m
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
h
is
to
r
ical
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
ic
al
d
ata
f
r
o
m
th
e
T
ec
h
n
ical
Un
iv
er
s
ity
C
am
p
u
s
in
R
ajasth
an
,
I
n
d
ia,
u
s
in
g
a
r
esil
ien
t
b
ac
k
p
r
o
p
a
g
atio
n
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
.
in
teg
r
ate
d
with
th
e
I
E
E
E
–
9
b
u
s
n
etwo
r
k
,
th
is
m
o
d
el
m
itig
ates
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
is
s
u
es,
em
p
lo
y
in
g
th
e
r
esil
ien
t
b
ac
k
p
r
o
p
a
g
atio
n
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
(
R
B
PN
)
in
s
p
ir
ed
b
y
b
io
l
o
g
ical
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
task
s
lik
e
clu
s
ter
in
g
,
class
if
icatio
n
,
an
d
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
f
o
r
wea
th
er
v
ar
iab
le
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
.
Mu
lti
-
lay
er
p
er
ce
p
tr
o
n
(
MLP
)
with
b
ac
k
-
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
(
BP
)
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
s
tr
ad
itio
n
al
m
eth
o
d
s
in
p
r
ed
icti
n
g
d
y
n
a
m
ic
an
d
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
w
ea
th
er
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
ac
cu
r
ately
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
v
ar
iab
les
elem
en
ts
in
clu
d
in
g
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e,
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
,
win
d
s
p
ee
d
,
a
n
d
r
ain
f
all.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
co
m
p
r
is
es
th
r
ee
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
: so
lar
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
,
win
d
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
,
an
d
th
e
im
p
ac
t o
f
s
o
lar
an
d
win
d
p
o
wer
in
teg
r
atio
n
.
2
.
1
.
Resili
ent
ba
ck
pro
pa
g
a
t
io
n
neura
l net
wo
rk
f
o
r
s
o
la
r
f
o
r
ec
a
s
t
ing
Fig
u
r
e
4
d
ep
icts
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
th
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
r
o
b
u
s
t
b
ac
k
p
r
o
p
ag
a
tio
n
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
R
esil
ien
t
p
r
o
p
ag
ati
o
n
a
n
d
b
ac
k
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
s
h
ar
e
s
im
ilar
ities
,
d
if
f
er
in
g
p
r
im
ar
il
y
with
in
th
e
r
o
u
tin
e
weig
h
t u
p
d
ate.
Un
lik
e
b
ac
k
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
,
in
r
esil
ien
t p
r
o
p
ag
a
tio
n
,
th
e
weig
h
t
u
p
d
ate'
s
d
ir
ec
tio
n
is
estab
lis
h
ed
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
E
n
h
a
n
ci
n
g
p
o
w
er q
u
a
lity in
s
o
la
r
-
w
in
d
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
te
d
s
ystems
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
o
ft
…
(
Ja
y
a
s
h
r
ee
K
a
th
ir
ve
l
)
2495
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Dep
icts
f
o
r
ec
ast ap
p
licatio
n
s
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
R
esil
ien
t b
ac
k
p
r
o
p
a
g
atio
n
n
e
u
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
f
lo
wch
a
r
t
2
.
2
.
Neura
l net
wo
rk
-
ba
s
ed
re
s
ili
ent
ba
ck
pro
pa
g
a
t
io
n wind p
o
wer
f
o
re
ca
s
t
ing
T
h
is
s
ec
t
io
n
,
m
u
lt
ila
y
er
R
B
P
N
is
u
s
e
d
t
o
f
o
r
ec
ast
wi
n
d
p
o
we
r
,
w
it
h
p
ar
tic
u
l
ar
att
en
ti
o
n
p
a
id
to
tem
p
e
r
at
u
r
e
a
n
d
w
in
d
s
p
ee
d
as
k
e
y
v
a
r
ia
b
l
es
t
o
e
n
s
u
r
e
t
h
at
m
a
in
tai
n
s
t
ab
ilit
y
i
n
t
h
e
e
l
ec
t
r
ic
it
y
m
ar
k
e
t
a
n
d
en
ab
le
e
f
f
e
cti
v
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
t
e
m
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
e
n
er
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y
t
r
ad
i
n
g
i
n
t
h
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
wi
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
m
a
r
k
et
,
i
n
s
t
a
n
t
win
d
s
p
ee
d
f
o
r
ec
asts
a
r
e
n
o
w
a
m
u
s
t
.
A
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
wi
n
d
p
o
wer
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
is
p
r
ese
n
te
d
,
a
s
s
h
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
5
,
wh
i
ch
m
in
im
izes
i
m
b
al
an
ce
c
h
a
r
g
es
a
n
d
e
n
h
a
n
c
es
en
er
g
y
m
a
r
k
et
tr
a
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
p
r
o
jec
t
e
f
f
icie
n
cy
.
W
i
n
d
p
o
we
r
in
t
eg
r
ati
o
n
af
f
e
cts
v
o
lta
g
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
,
t
r
a
n
s
ie
n
t
s
t
a
b
ili
ty
,
an
d
p
o
w
er
q
u
al
it
y
.
P
o
w
er
e
le
ctr
o
n
i
cs
in
t
u
r
b
in
es
r
e
d
u
ce
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
t
o
r
ti
o
n
a
n
d
v
o
l
ta
g
e
f
l
u
c
tu
ati
o
n
s
.
E
x
cit
e
r
s
a
n
d
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
al
g
e
n
er
at
o
r
s
s
tab
ili
ze
v
o
lta
g
e
a
n
d
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
,
e
n
s
u
r
i
n
g
tr
a
n
s
ie
n
t
s
ta
b
il
it
y
.
V
o
lt
ag
e
co
n
tr
o
l
is
s
u
es
i
n
i
n
d
u
ct
io
n
g
en
e
r
at
o
r
s
c
au
s
e
p
r
o
b
l
em
s
li
k
e
v
o
lta
g
e
s
ag
,
s
u
r
g
e
,
an
d
f
lic
k
er
,
i
n
f
lu
en
ce
d
b
y
n
etw
o
r
k
i
m
p
e
d
an
ce
,
g
r
i
d
s
t
r
en
g
t
h
,
an
d
p
o
w
e
r
f
a
ct
o
r
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
5
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
2
4
:
2493
-
2
5
0
0
2496
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
win
d
p
o
wer
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
av
e
r
ag
e
a
n
n
u
al
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
is
5
.
6
9
k
W
h
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2
,
wi
th
d
aily
v
ar
iatio
n
s
b
etwe
en
4
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4
0
an
d
7
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4
0
k
W
h
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2
.
I
n
th
e
r
esear
c
h
ar
ea
b
r
ief
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
1
,
th
e
m
o
n
th
ly
win
d
s
p
ee
d
v
ar
ies
f
r
o
m
2
.
4
1
0
to
4
.
6
8
m
/s
,
with
a
s
tab
le
y
ea
r
l
y
av
er
a
g
e
o
f
3
.
2
9
m
/s
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
s
y
s
tem
is
s
im
u
lated
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
AB
2
0
1
7
a,
with
s
im
u
latio
n
p
ar
am
eter
s
d
etailed
in
T
ab
les
2
-
4
.
D
ata
is
s
o
u
r
ce
d
f
r
o
m
a
tech
n
ical
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
ca
m
p
u
s
in
n
o
r
th
-
wester
n
I
n
d
ia
.
T
ab
le
1
.
So
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
a
n
d
win
d
s
p
ee
d
M
o
n
t
h
C
l
e
a
r
n
e
ss
i
n
d
e
x
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
r
a
d
i
a
t
i
o
n
(
k
W
/
h
/
m
2
)
A
v
e
r
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g
e
w
i
n
d
sp
e
e
d
(
m/
s)
Jan
u
a
r
y
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.
6
5
1
4
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4
3
2
.
6
3
F
e
b
r
u
a
r
y
0
.
6
9
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5
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4
2
3
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5
0
M
a
r
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h
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.
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9
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6
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4
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2
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6
9
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p
r
i
l
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6
7
6
7
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0
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3
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7
9
M
a
y
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7
3
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.
4
4
4
.
5
4
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n
e
0
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5
8
5
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5
8
4
.
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l
y
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.
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7
8
5
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4
.
0
6
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u
g
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st
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.
4
7
7
5
.
0
4
3
.
3
3
S
e
p
t
e
m
b
e
r
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.
6
1
9
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9
1
3
.
2
1
O
c
t
o
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e
r
0
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7
0
6
5
.
7
6
2
.
4
6
N
o
v
e
mb
e
r
0
.
6
8
6
4
.
7
5
2
.
4
1
D
e
c
e
m
b
e
r
0
.
6
5
4
4
.
1
4
2
.
5
2
A
n
n
u
a
l
a
v
e
r
a
g
e
0
.
6
3
4
5
.
6
9
3
.
2
9
T
ab
le
2
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
b
etwe
en
SP
E
S a
n
d
R
B
P
N
f
o
r
win
d
p
o
wer
p
r
ed
ictio
n
in
ter
v
al
f
o
r
ec
as
ts
F
o
r
e
c
a
st
h
o
r
i
z
o
n
GA
PSO
S
P
ES
R
B
P
N
O
n
e
s
t
e
p
a
h
e
a
d
M
A
E
(
K
W
)
8
.
6
3
6
.
7
5
.
2
2
4
.
3
1
R
M
S
E
(
K
W
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1
.
7
2
4
.
2
1
5
.
2
4
.
6
1
O
n
e
d
a
y
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h
e
a
d
M
A
E
(
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W
)
8
.
2
6
9
.
8
0
1
0
.
9
9
.
8
7
R
M
S
E
(
K
W
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1
0
.
1
7
.
4
9
6
.
5
1
5
.
7
Tr
a
i
n
t
i
me
6
0
.
1
5
6
.
3
4
0
.
1
3
0
.
1
T
ab
le
3
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
in
g
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o
lar
p
o
w
er
p
r
ed
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n
in
ter
v
al
f
o
r
ec
asts
with
SP
E
S a
n
d
R
B
P
N
F
o
r
e
c
a
st
h
o
r
i
z
o
n
GA
PSO
S
P
ES
R
B
P
N
O
n
e
s
t
e
p
a
h
e
a
d
M
A
E
(
K
W
)
5
.
5
0
4
.
0
7
3
.
6
1
3
.
1
5
R
M
S
E
(
K
W
)
5
.
4
1
4
.
0
7
3
.
8
6
3
.
1
2
O
n
e
d
a
y
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h
e
a
d
M
A
E
(
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W
)
7
.
5
4
7
.
0
6
7
.
8
1
7
.
2
4
R
M
S
E
(
K
W
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1
2
.
2
2
1
1
.
5
1
0
.
2
3
9
.
2
Tr
a
i
n
t
i
me
2
3
.
3
3
2
1
.
1
1
7
.
1
5
1
0
.
4
T
ab
le
4
.
R
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
an
aly
s
is
o
f
R
B
PN w
ith
ex
is
tin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
M
e
t
h
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d
s
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e
a
c
t
i
v
e
p
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w
e
r
3
r
d
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e
a
c
t
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v
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p
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r
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t
h
B
u
s
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0
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6
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2
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.
5
0
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6
.
1
3
1
7
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4
6
S
P
ES
7
.
5
2
8
.
1
3
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B
P
N
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.
1
2
6
.
3
T
h
er
e
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m
o
r
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u
n
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a
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ili
t
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n
t
h
e
p
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we
r
s
y
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te
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as
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r
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l
t
o
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t
h
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cr
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s
e
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n
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r
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le
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e
r
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n
e
r
a
ti
o
n
,
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a
r
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la
r
l
y
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r
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m
s
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r
a
n
d
wi
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p
o
we
r
.
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m
o
d
el
f
o
r
s
h
o
r
t
-
t
er
m
f
o
r
e
ca
s
t
in
g
(
S
T
F
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o
f
s
o
la
r
a
n
d
win
d
p
o
we
r
is
d
e
v
el
o
p
e
d
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
r
esil
ie
n
t
b
a
c
k
p
r
o
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
n
e
u
r
al
n
etw
o
r
k
(
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B
PN
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i
n
o
r
d
e
r
t
o
o
v
e
r
c
o
m
e
th
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d
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f
f
ic
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.
R
B
PN
i
n
t
eg
r
ate
s
wit
h
t
h
e
I
E
E
E
-
9
b
u
s
s
y
s
te
m
t
o
m
i
n
i
m
i
ze
t
o
ta
l h
ar
m
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n
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d
is
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ti
o
n
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T
HD
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a
n
d
ad
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r
ess
p
o
we
r
q
u
a
lit
y
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n
c
e
r
n
s
i
n
MA
T
L
AB
S
im
u
li
n
k
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
este
d
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
f
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r
p
r
e
d
i
cti
n
g
s
o
la
r
an
d
w
in
d
p
o
we
r
i
n
g
r
i
d
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co
n
n
e
cte
d
s
i
tu
ati
o
n
s
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
ati
v
e
r
es
u
lts
in
T
a
b
l
e
2
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
e
7
r
e
v
ea
l
R
B
PN'
s
s
u
p
er
i
o
r
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
o
v
e
r
g
en
et
ic
al
g
o
r
i
th
m
(
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A)
,
p
ar
t
icl
e
s
war
m
o
p
ti
m
i
za
t
io
n
(
PS
O
)
,
a
n
d
s
u
b
s
t
an
tial
p
o
we
r
e
v
o
l
u
ti
o
n
s
t
r
a
te
g
y
(
SP
E
S)
i
n
o
n
e
-
s
t
e
p
an
d
o
n
e
-
d
a
y
a
h
e
ad
w
in
d
f
o
r
e
ca
s
ti
n
g
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
E
n
h
a
n
ci
n
g
p
o
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u
a
lity in
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2497
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u
r
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.
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f
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cted
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d
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r
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p
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F
ig
u
re
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.
E
v
alu
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o
f
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d
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wer
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r
ed
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n
in
ter
v
al
f
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asts
u
s
in
g
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E
S a
n
d
R
B
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co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
T
ab
le
3
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
8
illu
s
tr
ate
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e
r
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o
t
m
ea
n
s
q
u
ar
e
d
e
r
r
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r
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MSE
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d
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n
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b
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r
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alu
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m
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ar
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o
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th
e
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S
m
o
d
el
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ativ
e
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o
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els
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o
r
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o
wer
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e
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s
tin
g
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o
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g
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er
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d
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h
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e
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d
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2
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d
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alu
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ar
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r
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u
r
e
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s
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e
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ir
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ct
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th
e
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r
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g
m
eth
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o
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th
e
I
E
E
E
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9
b
u
s
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ls
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r
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ith
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r
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g
m
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es
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5
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e
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d
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d
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u
s
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h
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5
.
1
2
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d
6
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3
0
.
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ab
le
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em
o
n
s
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ates
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e
r
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er
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ce
o
f
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d
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o
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ith
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e
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r
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g
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eth
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h
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es
o
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8
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d
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e
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d
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s
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d
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d
0
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8
5
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.
I
n
T
a
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le
6
,
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d
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eth
o
d
s
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h
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it
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ig
n
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S r
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o
r
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1
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6
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u
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d
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,
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o
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2
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u
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d
0
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8
1
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u
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in
th
e
3
r
d
a
n
d
5
th
b
u
s
es.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
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RE
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NC
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[
1
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