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[
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[
1
5
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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29
I
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ev
elo
p
e
d
b
ec
a
u
s
e
th
e
i
n
v
o
lv
em
e
n
t
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
in
t
h
e
ir
d
aily
co
m
m
u
n
ity
r
eq
u
ir
es
r
ea
d
in
ess
f
o
r
g
o
o
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
h
o
n
esty
,
o
p
en
-
m
i
n
d
ed
n
ess
,
co
m
p
ass
io
n
,
an
d
n
atio
n
alis
m
[
1
7
]
–
[
1
9
]
.
I
m
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
ti
o
n
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
p
lan
n
ed
b
o
th
in
lear
n
in
g
an
d
n
o
n
-
lear
n
in
g
ac
tiv
ities
an
d
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
at
s
ch
o
o
l
an
d
h
o
m
e
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
f
o
r
ch
ar
ac
te
r
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia is Pan
ca
s
ila
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
ch
a
n
g
e
o
f
th
e
2
0
1
3
c
u
r
r
icu
lu
m
to
a
n
I
n
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t
C
u
r
r
icu
lu
m
h
as
im
p
ac
ted
c
h
an
g
es
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
’
s
lear
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
.
On
e
o
f
th
em
is
th
e
ch
an
g
e
o
f
tex
t
b
o
o
k
s
.
Stu
d
en
t
tex
t
b
o
o
k
s
m
u
s
t
co
n
tain
ch
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t c
u
r
r
icu
lu
m
,
n
a
m
ely
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t p
r
o
f
ile.
T
h
e
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
,
C
u
ltu
r
e,
R
esear
ch
an
d
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
an
d
o
th
er
p
u
b
lis
h
er
s
p
u
b
lis
h
I
n
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
C
u
r
r
icu
lu
m
-
b
ased
lear
n
in
g
t
ex
tb
o
o
k
s
.
T
ex
tb
o
o
k
s
f
r
o
m
m
in
is
tr
ies
ar
e
p
u
b
lis
h
ed
b
o
t
h
f
o
r
teac
h
er
s
a
n
d
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
T
h
is
b
o
o
k
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
b
y
a
d
ap
tin
g
,
m
o
d
if
y
in
g
,
an
d
ad
a
p
tin
g
it
to
s
tu
d
e
n
t
n
e
ed
s
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
ten
t
i
n
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
s
h
o
u
ld
r
e
p
r
esen
t
lea
r
n
in
g
o
u
tco
m
es,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
ch
a
r
ac
ter
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
t
h
at
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
ar
e
ex
p
ec
ted
t
o
h
av
e,
n
a
m
ely
th
e
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
Pa
n
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
T
h
e
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
ch
a
r
ac
ter
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
c
o
n
ten
t
i
n
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
co
n
te
n
t
an
al
y
s
is
.
I
n
th
e
last
2
0
y
ea
r
s
,
co
n
te
n
t
an
aly
s
is
r
esear
ch
h
as d
ev
elo
p
e
d
b
ec
au
s
e
d
ata
ac
ce
s
s
is
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
ly
o
p
en
an
d
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le
in
th
e
“
b
ig
d
ata
”
er
a
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
f
ield
o
f
s
tu
d
y
in
co
n
te
n
t
an
al
y
s
is
h
as
also
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
,
s
tar
ti
n
g
f
r
o
m
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
cr
im
in
o
lo
g
y
,
an
d
s
o
cial
af
f
air
s
.
R
esear
ch
o
n
b
o
o
k
co
n
te
n
t
an
aly
s
is
h
as
b
ee
n
p
u
b
lis
h
ed
i
n
m
an
y
c
o
u
n
tr
ies
in
th
e
last
f
iv
e
y
ea
r
s
.
E
x
am
p
les
in
clu
d
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
in
q
u
ir
y
-
b
ased
task
co
n
ten
t
o
n
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
b
io
lo
g
y
b
o
o
k
s
in
C
h
in
a
[
2
4
]
,
co
n
ten
t
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
s
cien
ce
b
o
o
k
s
in
Pak
is
tan
,
p
r
e
-
s
er
v
ice
teac
h
er
b
o
o
k
s
in
T
u
r
k
e
y
[
2
5
]
,
an
d
d
e
m
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
an
aly
s
is
o
f
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Am
e
r
ican
lib
r
ar
ies
[
2
6
]
.
E
v
e
n
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
r
esear
ch
o
n
b
o
o
k
c
o
n
ten
t
an
aly
s
is
is
also
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
;
f
o
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
am
o
n
g
o
th
er
s
,
co
n
ten
t
an
aly
s
is
o
f
s
cien
ce
b
o
o
k
s
f
o
r
ju
n
io
r
h
i
g
h
s
ch
o
o
ls
in
2
0
1
3
[
2
7
]
,
E
n
g
lis
h
b
o
o
k
s
f
o
r
ju
n
i
o
r
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
ls
[
2
8
]
,
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
p
o
ten
tial
lo
ca
l
co
n
ten
t
in
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
e
-
b
o
o
k
s
[
2
9
]
,
an
d
an
an
aly
s
is
o
f
v
alu
es
in
th
e
2
0
1
3
c
u
r
r
icu
lu
m
-
b
ased
ju
n
io
r
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
l
I
s
lam
ic
R
elig
io
u
s
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
b
o
o
k
[
3
0
]
.
An
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
co
n
ten
t
o
f
ch
a
r
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
h
as
also
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
ef
o
r
e.
Mo
s
t
o
f
th
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
c
o
n
ten
t
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
in
lear
n
in
g
a
n
d
m
o
r
al
ed
u
ca
tio
n
b
o
o
k
s
[
3
1
]
–
[
3
7
]
,
lan
g
u
a
g
e
b
o
o
k
s
(
B
a
h
a
s
a
)
[
3
8
]
–
[
4
2
]
,
an
d
o
n
ly
a
f
ew
r
esear
ch
er
s
wh
o
an
aly
z
ed
s
cien
ce
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
(
I
PA
)
[
4
3
]
,
[
4
4
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
f
r
o
m
co
n
ten
t
an
aly
s
is
r
esear
c
h
th
at
h
as
b
ee
n
p
u
b
lis
h
ed
,
n
o
co
n
ten
t
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
h
ig
h
s
c
h
o
o
l
s
cien
ce
b
o
o
k
s
b
ased
o
n
th
e
in
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
c
u
r
r
icu
lu
m
h
as
b
ee
n
f
o
u
n
d
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
it
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
an
al
y
ze
th
e
co
n
ten
t o
f
h
i
g
h
s
ch
o
o
l scien
ce
b
o
o
k
s
,
esp
ec
ially
in
ter
m
s
o
f
c
h
ar
ac
ter
c
o
n
ten
t.
T
h
e
co
n
ten
t
an
aly
s
is
in
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
f
o
c
u
s
ed
o
n
an
aly
zin
g
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
c
o
n
ten
t
o
f
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
ts
in
class
X
(
f
ir
s
t
g
r
a
d
e)
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
l
s
cien
ce
tex
t
b
o
o
k
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
was
co
n
d
u
cted
to
an
s
wer
t
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
th
r
ee
r
esear
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
s
:
i)
W
h
at
is
th
e
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
th
e
co
n
ten
t
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
in
class
X
s
cien
ce
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
b
ased
o
n
th
e
I
n
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t Cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
?
ii)
Ho
w
is
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
co
n
ten
t
o
n
ea
ch
t
o
p
ic
in
th
e
class
X
s
cien
ce
tex
tb
o
o
k
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
I
n
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t Cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
?
iii)
W
h
at
ar
e
th
e
s
im
ilar
ities
in
th
e
co
n
ten
t o
f
th
e
ch
a
r
ac
ter
s
o
f
e
ac
h
b
o
o
k
?
An
aly
zin
g
th
e
co
n
ten
t
o
f
c
h
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
te
x
tb
o
o
k
s
ca
n
b
e
a
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
f
o
r
teac
h
er
s
to
f
in
d
th
e
co
n
ten
t
o
f
ch
ar
ac
te
r
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
ea
ch
s
u
b
-
c
h
ap
ter
.
I
t
is
h
o
p
ed
th
at
th
e
teac
h
e
r
will
ad
a
p
t
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
b
o
o
k
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
d
em
an
d
s
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
;
if
it
d
o
es
n
o
t
co
n
tain
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
v
alu
es,
th
e
teac
h
er
ca
n
ad
d
it.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
th
e
g
o
al
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
th
e
in
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
cu
r
r
ic
u
lu
m
is
t
o
r
ea
lize
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t p
r
o
f
ile.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
I
d
en
tific
atio
n
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
co
n
ten
t in
class
X
s
en
io
r
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
l scien
ce
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
was c
ar
r
ied
o
u
t b
y
co
n
ten
t
an
aly
s
is
r
esear
ch
.
C
o
n
ten
t
an
aly
s
is
is
a
r
esear
ch
tech
n
iq
u
e
in
wh
ich
th
e
r
esear
ch
er
m
ak
es
v
alid
in
f
er
en
ce
s
u
s
in
g
an
aly
tical
co
n
s
tr
u
cts
an
d
ca
n
b
e
r
e
-
ex
am
i
n
ed
[4
5
]
.
C
o
n
ten
t
an
al
y
s
is
ca
n
b
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
o
n
ar
two
r
k
,
tex
t,
im
a
g
es,
s
o
u
n
d
,
m
ap
s
,
s
y
m
b
o
ls
,
an
d
e
v
en
d
ata
in
n
u
m
b
e
r
s
[4
6
]
.
C
o
n
ten
t a
n
al
y
s
is
was c
ar
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
in
g
s
ev
er
al
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
,
n
am
ely
d
ata
p
r
o
cu
r
em
e
n
t,
r
ed
u
ctio
n
,
in
f
er
e
n
ce
,
an
d
an
aly
s
is
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es
E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
1
,
Feb
r
u
a
r
y
20
25
:
28
-
36
30
2
.
1
.
Da
t
a
pro
cure
m
ent
Pro
cu
r
em
en
t
o
f
d
ata
b
eg
in
s
with
th
e
d
eter
m
in
atio
n
o
f
u
n
i
ts
.
T
h
e
u
n
its
in
th
is
co
n
ten
t
a
n
aly
s
is
ar
e
to
p
ics
in
s
cien
ce
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
f
o
r
class
X
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
I
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
C
u
r
r
icu
lu
m
.
T
h
e
b
o
o
k
s
a
n
aly
ze
d
wer
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
p
u
r
p
o
s
iv
e
s
am
p
lin
g
tech
n
iq
u
e.
T
h
e
ch
o
s
en
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
l
s
cien
ce
b
o
o
k
f
o
r
cl
ass
X
is
a
b
o
o
k
th
a
t
co
n
tain
s
in
teg
r
ate
d
s
cien
ce
s
u
b
jects
in
1
b
o
o
k
.
I
n
a
s
en
s
e,
h
i
g
h
s
ch
o
o
l
s
cien
ce
te
x
tb
o
o
k
s
p
r
in
ted
with
s
ep
ar
ate
b
io
lo
g
y
,
ch
em
is
tr
y
,
an
d
p
h
y
s
ics
s
u
b
jects
wer
e
n
o
t
ca
teg
o
r
ized
as
s
am
p
les
o
f
an
aly
s
i
s
.
B
a
s
ed
o
n
r
esear
ch
,
as
o
f
No
v
em
b
e
r
2
0
2
2
,
th
er
e
we
r
e
two
in
teg
r
ated
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
l
s
cien
ce
b
o
o
k
s
,
n
am
ely
b
o
o
k
s
p
u
b
lis
h
ed
b
y
th
e
Min
is
tr
y
an
d
b
o
o
k
s
p
u
b
lis
h
ed
b
y
th
e
p
r
i
v
ate
s
ec
to
r
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
two
b
o
o
k
s
wer
e
u
s
ed
as
r
esear
ch
s
am
p
les.
B
ef
o
r
e
co
llectin
g
d
ata,
th
e
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
er
f
ir
s
t
r
ea
d
an
d
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
e
te
x
tb
o
o
k
'
s
co
n
ten
ts
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
r
esear
ch
e
r
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
o
r
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
d
ata
an
d
f
in
d
in
g
s
in
a
b
o
o
k
to
f
ac
ilit
ate
d
ata
co
llectio
n
.
Data
co
ll
ec
tio
n
in
ch
a
r
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
c
o
n
ten
t
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
d
escr
ib
in
g
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
,
elem
en
ts
,
an
d
s
u
b
elem
e
n
ts
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t p
r
o
f
ile
[1
6
]
.
2
.
2
.
Da
t
a
re
du
ct
io
n a
nd
infe
re
nce
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
elec
ts
r
elev
an
t
an
d
ir
r
elev
an
t
d
ata
to
th
e
an
a
ly
s
is
co
n
tex
t
at
th
e
d
ata
r
ed
u
ctio
n
s
tag
e.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
at
th
e
in
f
er
e
n
c
e
s
tag
e,
th
e
r
esear
c
h
er
g
r
o
u
p
ed
th
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
in
th
e
b
o
o
k
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile.
At
th
is
s
tag
e
o
f
in
f
er
en
ce
,
it
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
b
e
s
en
s
itiv
e
to
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
th
e
d
ata
s
tu
d
ie
d
.
D
ev
elo
p
in
g
an
an
aly
tical
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
will
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
n
o
p
er
atio
n
a
l
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
'
s
k
n
o
wled
g
e
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
e
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
ce
b
etwe
en
d
ata
an
d
co
n
tex
t
[
4
5
]
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
d
ev
elo
p
ed
an
an
aly
tical
c
o
n
s
tr
u
ct
th
at
co
n
tain
ed
a
ch
ec
k
lis
t
to
clas
s
if
y
th
e
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
b
o
o
k
'
s
co
n
ten
ts
in
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile
an
d
th
e
th
eo
r
y
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
I
t
is
in
lin
e
with
Ad
i
an
d
Ast
u
ti
[
2
8
]
,
wh
ich
s
tate
th
at
a
ch
ec
k
lis
t is o
n
e
o
f
th
e
i
n
s
tr
u
m
en
ts
n
ee
d
ed
in
c
o
n
ten
t a
n
aly
s
is
.
2
.
3
.
Da
t
a
a
na
ly
s
is
Data
an
aly
s
is
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
f
o
llo
win
g
th
e
r
esear
ch
o
b
jecti
v
es:
to
d
escr
ib
e
th
e
co
n
ten
t
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
b
o
o
k
s
an
d
s
ee
t
h
e
co
m
p
leten
ess
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
co
n
ten
t
o
n
ea
ch
m
ater
ial
to
p
ic.
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
th
at
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
cla
s
s
if
ied
in
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile
ar
e
an
aly
ze
d
d
escr
ip
tiv
ely
q
u
an
titativ
ely
b
y
ca
lcu
latin
g
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
f
ap
p
ea
r
an
ce
o
f
ea
ch
d
im
en
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile
in
o
n
e
b
o
o
k
i
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
an
o
th
e
r
.
A
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
ch
ar
ac
te
r
ed
u
c
atio
n
co
n
ten
t
an
d
a
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
ch
ar
ac
te
r
ed
u
ca
tio
n
co
n
ten
t
b
etwe
en
b
o
o
k
s
ar
e
v
is
u
alize
d
in
a
c
h
ar
t.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Descript
io
n o
f
t
he
cha
r
a
ct
er
educa
t
io
n c
o
nte
nt
in cla
s
s
X
hig
h sc
ho
o
l science
t
ex
t
bo
o
k
s
C
h
an
g
es
in
th
e
g
r
ad
e
X
s
cien
ce
s
u
b
ject
f
am
ilies
f
r
o
m
s
ep
ar
ate
b
io
lo
g
y
,
c
h
em
is
tr
y
,
an
d
p
h
y
s
ics
to
in
teg
r
ated
s
cien
ce
i
n
an
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
cu
r
r
ic
u
lu
m
im
p
ac
t
ch
an
g
es
in
th
e
tex
t
b
o
o
k
s
u
s
ed
b
y
teac
h
er
s
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
g
o
al
o
f
th
e
in
d
e
p
en
d
en
t
c
u
r
r
icu
lu
m
to
d
e
v
elo
p
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
iles
with
th
e
s
p
ir
it
o
f
Pan
ca
s
ila
also
af
f
ec
ts
teac
h
in
g
m
ater
ials
,
o
n
e
o
f
wh
ich
is
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
.
T
h
is
tex
tb
o
o
k
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
h
i
g
h
s
ch
o
o
l
teac
h
e
r
s
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
th
e
I
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
C
u
r
r
icu
lu
m
as a
n
ew
c
u
r
r
icu
l
u
m
.
T
h
e
b
o
o
k
'
s
co
n
ten
t
in
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
m
ater
ials
,
in
s
tr
u
ctio
n
s
,
an
d
lear
n
i
n
g
ac
tiv
ities
m
u
s
t
co
n
tain
ch
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
in
th
e
in
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t
cu
r
r
icu
l
u
m
,
n
a
m
ely
th
e
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
wh
o
h
av
e
th
e
s
p
ir
it
o
f
Pan
ca
s
ila.
T
h
e
ca
teg
o
r
izatio
n
o
f
b
o
o
k
co
n
ten
t
in
t
h
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
with
th
e
s
p
ir
it
o
f
Pan
ca
s
ila
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
an
al
y
s
is
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
co
n
ten
t
an
aly
s
is
o
b
tain
ed
th
at
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
co
n
ten
t in
b
o
o
k
1
a
m
o
u
n
ted
to
2
6
2
an
d
in
b
o
o
k
2
am
o
u
n
ted
to
4
6
3
,
with
a
n
av
er
ag
e
o
f
3
6
2
.
5
.
As ex
p
lain
ed
ea
r
lier
,
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t p
r
o
f
ile
co
n
tain
s
s
ix
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
,
n
am
ely
: i)
f
aith
,
d
ev
o
tio
n
to
Go
d
Alm
ig
h
ty
,
an
d
n
o
b
l
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
(
D1
)
;
ii)
g
lo
b
al
d
iv
er
s
ity
(
D2
)
;
iii)
m
u
tu
al
co
o
p
er
atio
n
(
D3
)
;
iv
)
in
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
ce
(
D4
)
;
v)
c
r
itical
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
(
D5
)
;
v
i)
cr
ea
ti
v
ity
(
D6
)
.
T
h
ese
s
ix
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
s
m
u
s
t
b
e
p
r
esen
t
in
ev
er
y
b
o
o
k
b
ased
o
n
th
e
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
.
I
n
m
o
r
e
d
etail,
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
co
n
te
n
t
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
s
in
ea
ch
b
o
o
k
is
s
h
o
wn
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
o
o
k
1
’
s
d
o
m
in
a
n
t
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
is
cr
itical
th
in
k
in
g
(
3
9
%)
as
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
a)
.
T
h
e
elem
en
ts
o
f
cr
itical
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
ar
e
o
b
tain
in
g
an
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
id
ea
s
,
an
al
y
z
in
g
an
d
ev
al
u
atin
g
r
ea
s
o
n
i
n
g
an
d
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es,
a
n
d
r
ef
lectin
g
o
n
th
o
u
g
h
ts
an
d
th
o
u
g
h
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
[1
6
]
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast to
book
1
,
t
h
e
d
o
m
i
n
an
t c
h
ar
ac
ter
th
at
em
er
g
ed
in
b
o
o
k
2
was in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
.
T
h
e
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
d
im
en
s
io
n
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
with
a
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
3
4
%.
Me
an
wh
ile,
cr
itical
th
in
k
in
g
ca
m
e
in
th
ir
d
.
I
n
b
o
o
k
1
,
th
e
d
o
m
in
an
t
d
im
en
s
io
n
is
cr
itical
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
.
B
o
o
k
1
co
n
tain
s
m
an
y
ac
tiv
it
ies
in
v
itin
g
s
tu
d
en
ts
to
lo
o
k
f
o
r
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
id
ea
s
in
v
ar
io
u
s
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
an
aly
ze
a
n
d
ev
a
lu
ate
an
id
ea
,
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
ea
s
o
n
s
f
o
r
th
ei
r
d
ec
i
s
io
n
s
.
T
h
e
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
th
es
e
ac
tiv
ities
m
an
if
ests
th
e
elem
en
ts
o
f
th
e
cr
itical
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
C
h
a
r
a
cter e
d
u
ca
tio
n
co
n
ten
t i
n
s
cien
ce
textb
o
o
k
fo
r
s
en
io
r
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
l stu
d
e
n
ts
(
K
in
ta
n
Limia
n
s
i
)
31
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
.
An
ex
a
m
p
le
o
f
co
n
ten
t
th
at
ac
co
m
m
o
d
ates
th
e
cr
itical
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
s
2
(
a)
a
n
d
(
b
)
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
h
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Fig
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3
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h
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im
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ef
lecte
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ate
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er
n
m
e
n
t.
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f
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l
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ca
to
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s
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co
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esig
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b
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R
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[4
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th
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D1
6%
D2
9%
D3
14%
D4
16%
D5
39%
D6
16%
D1
7%
D2
5%
D3
25%
D4
34%
D5
20%
D6
9%
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
in
ea
ch
b
o
o
k
,
it
is
also
n
ec
ess
ar
y
t
o
co
m
p
ar
e
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
co
n
ten
t
o
n
ea
c
h
to
p
ic
in
b
o
o
k
1
(
B
1
)
an
d
book
2
(
B
2
)
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
co
n
ten
t
o
f
lear
n
in
g
o
u
tco
m
es,
th
e
s
cien
ce
m
ater
ia
l
o
f
g
r
ad
e
X
s
en
io
r
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
l
is
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
eig
h
t
c
o
r
e
t
o
p
ics.
T
h
is
s
cien
ce
tex
tb
o
o
k
is
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
b
ased
o
n
an
in
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t
cu
r
r
ic
u
lu
m
s
o
th
at
ea
ch
to
p
ic
m
u
s
t
ac
co
m
m
o
d
ate
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
o
b
jectiv
es
o
f
th
e
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
c
u
r
r
icu
l
u
m
,
n
am
el
y
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
a
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile.
T
h
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
c
h
ar
ac
ter
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
c
o
n
ten
t o
n
ea
ch
t
o
p
ic
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
c
o
n
ten
t f
o
r
ea
ch
t
o
p
ic
in
b
o
th
b
o
o
k
s
To
p
i
c
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
B1
B2
B1
B2
B1
B2
B1
B2
B1
B2
B1
B2
M
e
a
su
r
e
me
n
t
i
n
sc
i
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
w
o
r
k
1
2
2
6
2
13
8
15
19
11
8
4
V
i
r
u
ses
a
n
d
t
h
e
i
r
r
o
l
e
2
2
0
1
2
16
6
22
15
11
4
6
G
r
e
e
n
c
h
e
m
i
st
r
y
i
n
s
u
s
t
a
i
n
a
b
l
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
2
0
3
0
6
5
4
2
5
11
3
11
7
7
6
2
Th
e
b
a
si
c
l
a
w
s
o
f
c
h
e
mi
s
t
r
y
a
r
o
u
n
d
u
s
1
1
8
0
9
12
5
20
14
13
4
1
A
t
o
m
i
c
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
–
a
d
v
a
n
t
a
g
e
s
o
f
n
a
n
o
ma
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
0
1
5
5
10
12
2
18
9
10
8
4
R
e
n
e
w
a
b
l
e
e
n
e
r
g
y
1
2
0
2
1
13
7
14
12
9
4
8
Th
e
d
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
o
f
l
i
v
i
n
g
t
h
i
n
g
s
,
t
h
e
i
r
i
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
i
r
r
o
l
e
i
n
n
a
t
u
r
e
1
6
2
4
3
18
6
32
14
13
5
5
G
l
o
b
a
l
w
a
r
m
i
n
g
:
c
o
n
c
e
p
t
s
a
n
d
s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
s
3
13
3
5
5
23
4
24
13
18
3
10
To
t
a
l
15
32
24
25
37
1
1
8
41
1
5
6
1
0
3
92
42
40
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
ws
th
at
alm
o
s
t
all
to
p
ics
in
b
o
th
b
o
o
k
s
c
o
n
tain
th
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
co
n
tain
ed
i
n
ea
ch
to
p
ic
v
ar
ies.
B
ased
o
n
t
h
e
d
ata,
it
is
k
n
o
wn
th
at
b
o
th
b
o
o
k
1
an
d
b
o
o
k
2
ac
c
o
m
m
o
d
ate
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
Pa
n
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
.
T
o
p
ics
with
b
io
lo
g
y
th
em
es,
s
u
ch
as
v
ir
u
s
es
an
d
t
h
eir
r
o
les,
d
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
liv
in
g
t
h
in
g
s
,
an
d
g
lo
b
al
war
m
in
g
,
c
o
n
tain
m
o
r
e
co
n
ten
t
th
at
in
teg
r
ates
th
e
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile.
T
h
is
f
i
n
d
in
g
ca
n
b
e
a
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
f
o
r
teac
h
er
s
in
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
lear
n
in
g
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
f
u
r
t
h
er
th
e
c
o
n
ten
t
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile
o
n
o
t
h
er
to
p
ics th
at
ar
e
s
till
lo
w.
T
h
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
s
is
u
n
ev
en
in
ea
ch
t
o
p
ic
(
T
ab
l
e
1
)
.
So
m
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
ar
e
d
o
m
in
a
n
t
in
c
er
tain
to
p
ics,
b
u
t
s
o
m
e
d
o
n
o
t
co
n
tain
a
n
y
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile.
B
ased
o
n
T
ab
le
1
,
it
is
k
n
o
wn
th
at
alm
o
s
t
all
to
p
ics
in
b
o
th
b
o
o
k
s
co
n
tain
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
er
e
a
r
e
s
o
m
e
to
p
ics
with
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
th
at
h
av
e
n
o
t
b
ee
n
in
teg
r
ate
d
as
p
r
esen
ted
in
T
a
b
le
2
.
I
n
tr
ac
in
g
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
co
n
ten
t
o
n
ea
ch
t
o
p
ic,
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
was
o
b
tain
ed
th
at
in
b
o
o
k
1
an
d
b
o
o
k
2
,
t
h
e
ch
ar
a
cter
co
n
ten
t
in
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
o
f
f
aith
a
n
d
d
ev
o
tio
n
to
Go
d
Alm
ig
h
ty
an
d
n
o
b
le
ch
ar
ac
ter
an
d
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
o
f
g
lo
b
al
d
iv
er
s
ity
was
s
ti
ll
lo
w.
So
m
e
to
p
ics
co
n
tain
b
o
th
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
ac
tiv
itie
s
o
r
in
s
tr
u
ctio
n
s
th
at
d
ev
elo
p
t
h
ese
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
.
T
h
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
p
iety
a
n
d
n
o
b
le
ch
a
r
ac
ter
m
u
s
t b
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
lea
r
n
in
g
[
4
8
]
,
[
4
9
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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J
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&
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8
8
2
2
C
h
a
r
a
cter e
d
u
ca
tio
n
co
n
ten
t i
n
s
cien
ce
textb
o
o
k
fo
r
s
en
io
r
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
l stu
d
e
n
ts
(
K
in
ta
n
Limia
n
s
i
)
33
T
ab
le
2
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
c
o
n
ten
t th
at
h
as n
o
t b
ee
n
in
teg
r
ated
in
to
ea
ch
t
o
p
ic
in
th
e
two
b
o
o
k
s
B
o
o
k
M
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
t
o
p
i
c
s
U
n
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
e
d
d
i
me
n
si
o
n
s
B
o
o
k
1
A
t
o
m
i
c
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
–
a
d
v
a
n
t
a
g
e
s
o
f
n
a
n
o
ma
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
F
a
i
t
h
,
f
e
a
r
o
f
G
o
d
A
l
m
i
g
h
t
y
,
a
n
d
n
o
b
l
e
m
o
r
a
l
s
V
i
r
u
ses
a
n
d
t
h
e
i
r
r
o
l
e
G
l
o
b
a
l
d
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
R
e
n
e
w
a
b
l
e
e
n
e
r
g
y
G
l
o
b
a
l
d
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
B
o
o
k
2
Th
e
b
a
si
c
l
a
w
s
o
f
c
h
e
mi
s
t
r
y
a
r
o
u
n
d
u
s
G
l
o
b
a
l
d
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
3
.
3
.
Sim
ila
ri
t
ies in cha
ra
ct
er
co
nte
nt
in t
ex
t
bo
o
k
s
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
co
n
te
n
t
an
aly
s
i
s
r
esear
ch
s
h
o
w
t
h
at
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
o
f
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
i
n
b
o
o
k
1
an
d
b
o
o
k
2
is
d
if
f
er
en
t
(
T
ab
le
1
)
.
I
n
g
e
n
er
al,
b
o
th
s
cien
ce
b
o
o
k
s
f
o
r
s
tu
d
en
ts
in
th
e
in
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t
cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
c
o
n
tain
c
h
ar
ac
ter
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
(
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile)
.
T
h
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
co
n
te
n
t
will
ce
r
tain
ly
af
f
ec
t
th
e
ac
h
ie
v
em
en
t
o
f
th
e
Pan
c
asil
a
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile
f
o
r
h
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
l
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
.
B
o
o
k
s
with
h
ig
h
ch
a
r
ac
ter
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
co
n
te
n
t
ca
n
en
co
u
r
ag
e
th
e
r
ea
lizatio
n
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
wh
o
h
a
v
e
q
u
ality
Pa
n
ca
s
ila
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
.
T
h
is
f
in
d
i
n
g
alig
n
s
with
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
r
esea
r
ch
th
at
t
o
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
q
u
ality
lear
n
in
g
,
b
o
o
k
s
with
a
d
eq
u
ate
ch
a
r
ac
ter
co
n
ten
t
ar
e
n
ee
d
ed
[
3
7
]
,
[
4
4
]
,
[
5
0
]
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ar
e
ca
teg
o
r
ized
i
n
to
th
r
ee
:
co
g
n
itiv
e
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
,
af
f
ec
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
an
d
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
.
T
h
e
co
g
n
itiv
e
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
d
e
v
e
lo
p
ed
b
y
Kh
o
lb
er
g
is
r
o
o
ted
in
Piag
et
’
s
th
eo
r
y
,
n
am
ely
th
at
m
o
r
al
d
ec
is
io
n
s
ar
e
a
n
atu
r
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
co
g
n
itiv
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
[5
1
]
,
[
5
2
]
.
Af
f
ec
tiv
e
ass
es
s
m
en
t
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
an
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
asp
ec
t
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l p
r
o
g
r
am
s
[5
3
]
.
T
h
is
af
f
ec
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
in
v
o
lv
e
s
s
tu
d
en
ts
’
f
ee
lin
g
s
.
Attitu
d
es,
in
ter
ests
,
v
alu
es,
e
m
o
tio
n
s
,
an
d
ap
p
r
ec
iatio
n
p
o
s
itiv
ely
in
f
lu
en
ce
s
tu
d
en
t
b
eh
a
v
io
r
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e,
a
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
c
o
g
n
itiv
e
a
n
d
af
f
ec
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
b
y
Kr
is
ch
en
b
au
m
[5
1
]
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
ter
m
u
s
ed
in
c
h
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
c
o
v
er
s
v
a
r
io
u
s
asp
ec
ts
,
in
clu
d
in
g
p
er
s
o
n
a
l
v
alu
es
an
d
et
h
ics
in
g
en
er
al
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
te
x
tb
o
o
k
co
n
tain
s
ch
a
r
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
with
a
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
T
h
is
is
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
in
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile
d
ev
elo
p
c
o
g
n
itiv
e
asp
ec
ts
s
u
ch
as
cr
itical
an
d
cr
ea
tiv
e
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
an
d
af
f
ec
ti
v
e
asp
ec
ts
s
u
ch
as
b
ein
g
r
elig
i
o
u
s
,
in
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t,
an
d
m
u
tu
al
co
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
is
is
in
lin
e
with
Z
u
ch
d
i
[
2
2
]
,
[
5
1
]
,
wh
ich
s
tates
th
at
th
e
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
u
s
ed
in
c
h
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
co
v
er
s
v
ar
io
u
s
asp
ec
ts
,
co
v
er
i
n
g
all
is
s
u
es r
elate
d
to
p
er
s
o
n
a
l v
alu
es to
war
d
s
eth
ics in
g
en
e
r
al.
T
h
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
co
n
ten
t
a
n
aly
s
is
co
n
d
u
cted
b
y
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
h
as
n
o
t
led
to
a
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
I
n
m
o
r
al
tex
t
b
o
o
k
s
in
Ma
lay
s
ia,
T
an
et
a
l.
[3
7
]
f
o
u
n
d
v
alu
es
o
f
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ilit
y
,
r
esp
ec
t,
h
elp
in
g
,
h
ar
d
wo
r
k
,
an
d
ca
r
in
g
.
T
an
’
s
f
in
d
in
g
s
ar
e
m
o
r
e
d
ir
ec
ted
to
w
ar
d
s
ch
ar
ac
ter
co
n
ten
t
with
an
af
f
ec
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
b
ec
au
s
e
it
em
p
h
asizes
th
e
em
o
tio
n
al
asp
ec
t.
Similar
r
esear
ch
was
also
co
n
d
u
cted
b
y
Han
et
a
l.
[3
5
]
o
n
m
o
r
a
l
lear
n
in
g
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
in
Ko
r
ea
a
n
d
J
ap
an
,
w
h
ich
em
p
h
asized
t
h
e
af
f
ec
tiv
e
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
,
n
a
m
ely
ap
p
r
ec
iatin
g
life
.
I
t
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
h
av
e
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
co
n
ten
t
in
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
to
h
elp
b
u
ild
g
o
o
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
.
T
h
e
s
elf
-
p
ac
ed
cu
r
r
ic
u
lu
m
s
cien
ce
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
h
av
e
ac
h
ie
v
e
d
th
is
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
co
n
ten
t
in
th
ese
s
elf
-
p
ac
ed
cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
-
b
ased
s
cien
ce
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
,
if
im
p
lem
en
ted
in
ea
r
n
est,
will
also
h
elp
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
h
av
e
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
ab
ilit
ies.
T
h
ey
ca
n
u
s
e
th
eir
th
o
u
g
h
ts
an
d
f
ee
lin
g
s
to
s
o
lv
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
T
h
u
s
,
s
tu
d
en
ts
ca
n
p
o
s
itio
n
th
em
s
elv
es a
s
h
u
m
an
b
ein
g
s
wh
o
th
i
n
k
in
tellig
en
tly
,
f
ee
l h
u
m
a
n
ely
,
an
d
ac
t w
is
ely
.
I
n
g
e
n
er
al,
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
h
av
e
im
p
licatio
n
s
f
o
r
ed
u
ca
t
o
r
s
to
in
te
g
r
ate
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
in
s
u
b
jects
th
at
d
o
n
o
t
y
et
co
n
tai
n
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile
i
n
th
em
.
H
ig
h
s
ch
o
o
l
s
cien
ce
less
o
n
s
ar
e
co
n
d
u
cted
s
ep
ar
at
ely
,
b
i
o
lo
g
y
s
u
b
jects
ar
e
tau
g
h
t
b
y
b
i
o
lo
g
y
teac
h
e
r
s
an
d
ch
em
is
tr
y
s
u
b
jects
ar
e
tau
g
h
t b
y
ch
em
is
tr
y
teac
h
er
s
.
T
ea
ch
er
s
n
ee
d
to
p
lan
lear
n
in
g
to
g
eth
er
s
o
th
at
th
e
Pan
ca
s
il
a
s
tu
d
en
t p
r
o
f
ile
ca
n
b
e
o
p
tim
ally
ac
c
o
m
m
o
d
ated
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
Stu
d
en
t
tex
tb
o
o
k
s
m
u
s
t
co
n
tai
n
ch
a
r
ac
ter
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
an
in
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t
cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
,
n
am
ely
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
wed
th
at
in
b
o
o
k
1
th
er
e
wer
e
2
6
2
an
d
in
b
o
o
k
2
th
e
r
e
wer
e
4
6
3
.
B
o
o
k
1
is
d
o
m
in
ated
b
y
cr
itic
al
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
an
d
b
o
o
k
2
is
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t.
T
h
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
ch
ar
ac
ter
s
o
n
ea
ch
to
p
ic
in
th
e
two
b
o
o
k
s
is
d
if
f
er
en
t.
T
h
e
ch
a
r
ac
ter
s
in
teg
r
ated
in
to
lear
n
in
g
o
n
ea
ch
to
p
ic
d
i
f
f
er
in
b
o
o
k
1
a
n
d
b
o
o
k
2
.
B
o
th
b
o
o
k
s
co
n
tain
t
h
e
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile
in
f
u
ll,
w
h
ich
m
ea
n
s
th
at
th
e
b
o
o
k
s
u
s
e
a
c
o
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
in
th
eir
c
h
ar
ac
ter
ed
u
ca
tio
n
co
n
ten
t.
T
h
e
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
ca
n
b
e
tak
en
in
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
f
o
r
teac
h
er
s
to
u
s
e
v
ar
io
u
s
b
o
o
k
s
an
d
r
elev
an
t
lear
n
in
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
in
lear
n
in
g
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
ac
h
iev
em
en
t
o
f
th
e
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
t
p
r
o
f
ile.
Fu
r
th
er
r
esear
ch
th
at
ca
n
b
e
d
o
n
e
as
a
f
o
llo
w
-
u
p
to
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
an
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
lear
n
i
n
g
th
at
im
p
lem
en
ts
an
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
.
E
v
al
u
atio
n
o
f
th
is
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
n
ee
d
s
t
o
s
ee
th
e
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
Pan
ca
s
ila
s
tu
d
en
ts
wh
o
h
a
v
e
lear
n
i
n
g
o
u
t
co
m
es.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es
E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
1
,
Feb
r
u
a
r
y
20
25
:
28
-
36
34
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
ex
p
r
ess
es
g
r
atitu
d
e
to
th
e
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
,
C
u
ltu
r
e,
R
esear
ch
,
an
d
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(
KE
ME
NDI
KB
UD
R
I
STE
K)
,
th
e
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
Ser
v
ice
C
e
n
ter
(
PUSLAPDI
K)
,
an
d
th
e
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
Fu
n
d
Ma
n
ag
em
en
t
I
n
s
titu
tio
n
(
L
PD
P)
f
o
r
awa
r
d
in
g
th
e
I
n
d
o
n
esian
E
d
u
ca
ti
o
n
Sch
o
lar
s
h
ip
(
B
PI
)
to
th
e
f
ir
s
t
au
th
o
r
(
Sch
o
lar
s
h
ip
Nu
m
b
er
:
2
0
2
1
0
1
1
2
0
9
1
6
)
.
Ap
p
r
ec
iatio
n
is
al
s
o
ex
ten
d
ed
t
o
th
e
R
ec
to
r
o
f
Un
iv
er
s
itas
Neg
er
i
Yo
g
y
ak
ar
ta
a
n
d
e
v
er
y
o
n
e
wh
o
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
d
to
th
e
c
o
m
p
letio
n
o
f
th
is
p
ap
e
r
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
M
.
H
.
Li
n
,
H
.
C
.
C
h
e
n
,
a
n
d
K
.
S
.
Li
u
,
“
A
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
t
h
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
d
i
g
i
t
a
l
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
o
n
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
mo
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
o
u
t
c
o
m
e
,
”
Eu
r
a
si
a
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
a
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
s,
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
Ed
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
1
3
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
3
5
5
3
–
3
5
6
4
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
2
9
7
3
/
e
u
r
a
si
a
.
2
0
1
7
.
0
0
7
4
4
a
.
[
2
]
M
.
A
.
A
l
s
u
b
a
i
e
,
“
T
e
a
c
h
e
r
i
n
v
o
l
v
e
me
n
t
i
n
c
u
r
r
i
c
u
l
u
m
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
,
”
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
E
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
Pra
c
t
i
c
e
,
v
o
l
.
7
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
1
0
6
–
1
0
7
,
2
0
1
6
.
[
3
]
A
.
Ti
t
u
s
a
n
d
P
.
V
.
M
u
t
t
u
n
g
a
l
,
“
Em
p
o
w
e
r
e
d
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
i
n
sc
h
o
o
l
:
A
sc
o
p
i
n
g
r
e
v
i
e
w
,
”
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Ev
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
Re
se
a
rc
h
i
n
E
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
(
I
J
E
RE)
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
7
2
9
–
7
3
8
,
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
e
r
e
.
v
1
2
i
2
.
2
4
4
2
9
.
[
4
]
J.
S
t
a
n
i
ši
ć
a
n
d
S
.
M
a
k
si
ć
,
“
E
n
v
i
r
o
n
me
n
t
a
l
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
S
e
r
b
i
a
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