I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Appl
ied P
o
wer
E
ng
i
neer
ing
(
I
J
AP
E
)
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
20
2
5
,
p
p
.
74
~
80
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijap
e
.
v
1
4
.
i
1
.
pp
74
-
80
74
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
a
p
e
.
ia
esco
r
e.
co
m
So
la
r
pho
tov
o
ltaic sy
stem f
ed wat
e
r pumping
sy
stem
using
BL
DC
mo
tor wi
t
h sing
le inpu
t
a
nd
multiple
outpu
t
c
o
nv
erte
r
K
o
mm
er
a
Chita
ny
a
1
,
Arj
y
a
dh
a
ra
P
ra
dh
a
n
2
,
B
a
bita
P
a
nd
a
2
1
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
M
a
l
l
a
R
e
d
d
y
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
C
o
l
l
e
g
e
a
n
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
H
y
d
e
r
a
b
a
d
,
Te
l
a
n
g
a
n
a
,
I
n
d
i
a
2
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
K
I
I
T
d
e
e
m
e
d
t
o
b
e
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
,
B
h
u
b
a
n
e
s
h
w
a
r
,
O
d
i
s
h
a
,
I
n
d
i
a
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Feb
6
,
2
0
2
4
R
ev
is
ed
Sep
2
1
,
2
0
2
4
Acc
ep
ted
Oct
2
3
,
2
0
2
4
In
re
c
e
n
t
ti
m
e
s
e
n
e
rg
y
b
a
se
d
o
n
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
so
u
rc
e
s
is
a
g
o
o
d
lo
n
g
-
term
a
lt
e
rn
a
ti
v
e
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
with
tra
d
it
io
n
a
l
f
o
ss
il
fu
e
l
e
n
e
rg
y
so
u
r
c
e
s
so
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
m
o
d
e
l
-
b
a
se
d
irri
g
a
ti
o
n
wa
ter
p
u
m
p
s
y
ste
m
s
h
a
v
e
g
a
in
e
d
m
o
re
p
o
p
u
larit
y
.
T
h
e
one
-
i
n
p
u
t
a
n
d
m
u
lt
i
-
o
u
tp
u
t
c
o
n
v
e
rters
a
re
fo
c
u
se
d
on
BLD
C
m
o
to
r
d
ri
v
e
-
b
a
se
d
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
with
wa
ter
p
u
m
p
.
To
m
o
d
e
l
o
n
e
i
n
p
u
t
a
n
d
m
u
lt
i
p
le
o
u
tp
u
t
c
o
n
v
e
rter
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
a
re
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
v
iz
it
a
c
h
iev
e
s
trac
k
in
g
p
u
rp
o
se
a
n
d
BLDC
d
ri
v
e
so
ft
sta
rti
n
g
.
T
h
e
o
n
e
-
in
p
u
t
a
n
d
m
u
lt
ip
le
-
o
u
t
p
u
t
c
o
n
v
e
rter
e
x
h
ib
i
ts
th
e
fe
a
t
u
re
s
o
f
a
ll
c
o
n
v
e
rter
s
a
n
d
re
m
a
rk
a
b
l
y
a
p
p
e
a
rs
with
t
h
e
c
o
n
v
e
rter
i
n
t
h
e
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
s
y
ste
m
s
.
It
d
e
sc
rib
e
s
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
u
n
d
e
r
v
a
ry
i
n
g
e
n
v
i
ro
n
m
e
n
tal
a
n
d
in
s
p
e
c
ts
th
e
BL
DC
m
o
to
r
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
with
th
e
su
g
g
e
ste
d
si
n
g
le
in
p
u
t
a
n
d
m
u
lt
i
p
le
o
u
tp
u
t
c
o
n
v
e
rter
fo
r
so
lar
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
wit
h
a
wa
ter
p
u
m
p
with
9
5
%
e
ffica
c
y
a
n
d
t
h
e
p
ri
c
e
is
USD
0
.
6
/
W.
Tes
t
re
su
lt
s
h
a
v
e
c
o
n
fir
m
e
d
th
e
BLDC
m
o
t
o
r
su
it
a
b
il
it
y
f
o
r
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
with
wa
ter
p
u
m
p
e
m
p
lo
y
in
g
M
ATLAB
To
o
l
b
o
x
fo
ll
o
we
d
b
y
th
e
tes
t
re
su
lt
v
e
rifi
c
a
ti
o
n
.
It
is simp
l
y
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
d
f
o
r
ru
ra
l
a
re
a
s b
e
c
a
u
se
it
is l
o
w
c
o
st,
sim
p
le,
a
n
d
l
o
w m
a
in
ten
a
n
c
e
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
B
r
u
s
h
less
d
ir
ec
t c
u
r
r
en
t
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
MA
T
L
AB
Ph
o
to
v
o
ltaic
W
ater
p
u
m
p
in
g
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Ar
jy
ad
h
ar
a
Pra
d
h
an
Sch
o
o
l o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
KI
I
T
d
ee
m
ed
to
b
e
U
n
iv
er
s
ity
Patia,
B
h
u
b
an
esh
war
,
Od
is
h
a,
I
n
d
ia
E
m
ail:
ar
jy
ad
h
ar
a
.
p
r
ad
h
an
f
el
@
k
iit.ac
.
in
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
R
ec
en
tly
,
th
e
u
s
ag
e
o
f
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaics
to
p
o
wer
th
e
wate
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
tem
is
an
em
er
g
in
g
ex
p
er
tis
e
with
g
r
ea
t
ch
allen
g
e
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
em
p
lo
y
ed
o
n
lar
g
e
s
ca
les
an
d
o
f
f
er
s
an
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tally
ap
p
r
o
v
in
g
alter
n
ativ
e
to
th
e
f
o
s
s
il
f
u
el
en
er
g
y
t
r
ad
itio
n
al
wate
r
p
u
m
p
s
y
s
tem
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
en
er
g
y
t
o
wate
r
p
u
m
p
s
ig
n
if
ican
ce
in
cr
e
ase
s
d
u
e
to
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
o
il
r
eser
v
e
d
ep
letio
n
,
u
n
ev
e
n
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
,
an
d
elec
tr
icity
ev
er
-
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
c
o
s
t.
T
h
e
o
n
g
o
in
g
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
t
o
tal
elec
tr
icity
d
em
an
d
an
d
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
co
n
ce
r
n
s
o
win
g
to
th
e
p
o
llu
tio
n
f
r
o
m
h
u
m
an
k
in
d
ac
tiv
ity
m
a
y
lead
t
o
th
e
d
is
co
v
er
y
f
o
r
a
clea
n
en
er
g
y
s
y
s
tem
[
1
]
.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
(
SP
VS)
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
b
est
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
th
e
n
it
is
r
en
ewa
b
le
an
d
ex
am
in
e
d
f
o
r
a
lo
n
g
life
[
2
]
.
C
u
r
r
en
tly
,
it
is
wid
ely
em
p
lo
y
ed
f
o
r
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
o
u
r
d
aily
life
[
3
]
.
Nev
er
th
eless
,
in
th
e
p
ast
y
ea
r
s
,
s
o
lar
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
ltaics
wer
e
m
o
r
e
ex
p
e
n
s
iv
e
th
an
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
[
4
]
.
T
h
is
ca
n
b
e
ch
an
g
ed
a
s
a
r
esu
lt o
f
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
f
u
el
p
r
ice
an
d
o
n
th
e
o
th
e
r
h
an
d
less
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
t
em
p
r
ice,
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
ef
f
icien
c
y
,
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
ed
m
an
u
f
ac
t
u
r
in
g
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
[
5
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
ice
o
f
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
as
e
f
f
icien
cy
in
cr
ea
s
es.
I
n
d
ia
is
a
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
,
ag
r
ic
u
ltu
r
ally
b
ased
,
an
d
d
en
s
ely
p
o
p
u
lated
co
u
n
tr
y
a
n
d
its
3
0
p
er
ce
n
t
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
cts
co
m
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
ag
r
icu
ltu
r
e
s
ec
to
r
[
6
]
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
f
ac
t
th
at
SP
VS
is
a
s
ec
u
r
e
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
,
clea
n
,
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tally
f
r
ien
d
ly
,
SP
VS
in
s
tallatio
n
is
p
lay
in
g
a
n
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
r
o
le
in
s
o
ciety
[
7
]
.
No
n
et
h
eless
,
th
e
d
is
ad
v
an
tag
e
o
f
SP
VS
is
h
i
g
h
er
ca
p
ital
co
s
ts
co
m
p
a
r
ed
w
ith
tr
ad
itio
n
al
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
[
8
]
.
R
ec
en
tly
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
S
o
la
r
p
h
o
to
vo
lta
ic
s
ystem
fed
w
a
ter p
u
mp
in
g
s
ystem
u
s
in
g
B
LDC
mo
to
r
w
ith
s
in
g
le
…
(
K
o
mme
r
a
C
h
ita
n
ya
)
75
r
esear
ch
er
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
c
o
n
ce
n
t
r
atin
g
o
n
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
SP
VS
s
o
th
at
m
o
d
u
le
n
u
m
b
e
r
s
,
s
to
r
ag
e
b
atter
y
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
,
in
v
er
ter
ca
p
a
b
ilit
y
,
an
d
SP
VS a
r
r
ay
tilt
an
g
le
a
r
e
tak
en
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
is
eith
er
em
p
l
o
y
ed
as
a
co
n
n
ec
ted
s
y
s
tem
o
r
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
to
th
e
p
o
wer
g
r
i
d
[
1
0
]
.
I
n
th
e
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
m
o
d
el,
th
e
p
o
wer
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ar
r
ay
is
d
ir
ec
tly
f
ed
t
o
th
e
cu
s
to
m
er
lo
ad
in
s
tead
o
f
co
n
n
ec
tin
g
to
th
e
u
tili
ty
s
y
s
tem
[
1
1
]
.
I
n
r
u
r
al
zo
n
es,
th
e
s
tan
d
-
alo
n
e
s
y
s
tem
i
s
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
way
s
o
f
u
s
in
g
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
en
er
g
y
o
win
g
to
th
e
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
co
n
v
en
ien
ce
o
f
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
an
d
r
ar
e
ac
ce
s
s
to
th
e
u
tili
ty
g
r
id
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
ap
p
licatio
n
s
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
tan
d
-
a
lo
n
e
m
o
d
els
ar
e
lig
h
th
o
u
s
es
,
m
ilit
ar
y
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
wat
er
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
,
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
[
1
3
]
.
Oth
er
th
an
g
iv
in
g
au
x
iliar
y
p
o
wer
th
e
s
ev
er
al
d
is
ad
v
an
tag
es
in
clu
d
e
co
s
t,
s
to
r
ag
e
ca
p
ac
ity
is
lim
ited
as
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
wastag
e
an
d
d
is
s
ip
atio
n
o
f
th
e
s
u
r
p
lu
s
en
er
g
y
g
en
er
ated
[
1
4
]
.
As
th
e
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
m
o
d
el
i
s
n
o
t
co
n
n
e
cted
to
th
e
u
tili
ty
g
r
id
th
er
e
is
a
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
s
to
r
ag
e
elem
en
ts
d
u
r
in
g
o
f
f
-
m
ax
im
u
m
d
em
a
n
d
p
er
io
d
s
[
1
5
]
.
An
o
th
er
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
tan
d
al
o
n
e
m
o
d
el
f
ea
tu
r
e
is
th
at
th
er
e
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
a
b
alan
ce
b
etwe
en
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
ca
p
ac
ity
an
d
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
lo
ad
d
e
m
an
d
s
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
SP
VS
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
a
n
d
s
ize
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
ical
v
ar
iab
les
v
iz
s
o
lar
en
e
r
g
y
s
y
s
tem
an
d
th
e
am
b
ien
t
tem
p
er
atu
r
es,
s
o
to
m
ax
im
ize
a
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
,
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
r
esear
ch
p
er
tain
i
n
g
to
th
e
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
ical
v
a
r
iab
les
m
u
s
t
b
e
co
n
d
u
cted
[
1
7
]
.
Dete
r
m
in
in
g
a
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
alter
n
ativ
e
to
p
o
wer
a
p
u
m
p
in
g
ar
r
an
g
em
e
n
t
is
ess
en
tial
with
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
elec
tr
icity
u
s
e
a
n
d
d
iesel
co
s
t
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
-
b
ased
wate
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
tem
is
th
e
b
est
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
r
u
r
al
a
r
ea
s
wh
er
e
in
ter
c
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
to
th
e
p
o
wer
g
r
id
is
p
r
o
b
lem
atic
an
d
m
o
r
e
e
x
p
en
s
i
v
e
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e
,
SP
VS
is
m
o
r
e
c
o
n
s
is
ten
t
th
an
a
s
y
s
tem
b
ased
o
n
th
e
d
iesel
p
u
m
p
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
less
er
m
ai
n
ten
an
ce
.
T
h
e
b
r
u
s
h
less
d
ir
ec
t
cu
r
r
e
n
t
m
o
to
r
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
g
o
o
d
s
p
ee
d
-
to
r
q
u
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
,
lo
wer
m
ain
ten
an
ce
,
h
ig
h
er
ef
f
icien
cy
,
an
d
e
x
ten
s
iv
e
o
p
er
ati
n
g
s
p
ee
d
r
an
g
e
[
2
0
]
an
d
is
m
ain
ly
em
p
lo
y
ed
i
n
h
ig
h
e
r
o
u
tp
u
t
d
r
i
v
es
ap
p
licatio
n
s
v
iz.
r
o
b
o
tics
,
m
ac
h
in
e
to
o
ls
,
m
ed
ical
,
an
d
s
p
ac
e
cr
af
ts
.
M
ain
ly
f
o
r
s
m
all
u
n
m
an
n
ed
ae
r
ial
v
e
h
icles
,
th
is
m
o
to
r
is
g
ettin
g
a
n
in
cr
ea
s
e
o
f
atten
tio
n
n
u
m
b
er
with
th
e
b
en
ef
its
o
f
ea
s
y
o
p
er
atio
n
,
ea
s
y
co
n
t
r
o
l,
s
m
all
s
ize
,
an
d
h
ig
h
-
p
o
wer
d
en
s
ity
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
ty
p
ical
elem
en
ts
o
f
SP
V
S
ar
e
as
f
o
llo
ws:
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltai
c
ar
r
ay
,
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
ch
ar
g
er
,
a
n
d
DC
-
AC
in
v
er
ter
f
o
r
ch
ar
g
i
n
g
th
e
s
to
r
i
n
g
b
atter
y
an
d
AC
lo
ad
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
SP
VS i
s
th
e
k
ey
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
in
a
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
s
y
s
tem
.
Me
an
wh
ile
,
th
er
e
is
n
o
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
lin
e,
wh
ich
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
ef
f
icien
t
en
er
g
y
u
s
e
is
cr
u
cial,
th
e
b
atter
y
se
t
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
b
e
a
b
le
to
s
u
p
p
ly
th
e
en
er
g
y
if
th
e
r
e
n
ewa
b
le
s
o
u
r
ce
is
ir
r
eg
u
lar
[
2
3
]
.
A
p
o
wer
co
n
v
er
ter
s
tag
e
is
also
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
to
en
s
u
r
e
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
wer
,
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t o
f
p
o
w
er
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
v
er
ter
is
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
a
n
d
is
ca
t
eg
o
r
ize
d
in
t
o
in
te
g
r
ated
s
tag
e
o
r
m
u
ltis
tag
e
s
ch
em
es.
T
h
e
s
in
g
le
in
p
u
t
an
d
m
u
ltip
le
o
u
tp
u
t
co
n
v
er
ter
s
ar
e
d
esig
n
ed
[
2
5
]
,
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
e
r
em
ain
d
er
o
f
t
h
e
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
ws:
i)
S
ec
tio
n
2
co
n
tain
s
th
e
b
asic
n
o
tio
n
s
o
f
SP
VS
;
ii)
S
ec
tio
n
3
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
a
s
in
g
le
in
p
u
t
m
u
ltip
le
o
u
tp
u
t
co
n
v
er
ter
;
iii)
S
ec
tio
n
4
g
iv
es
th
e
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
r
esu
lts
o
f
o
u
r
test
s
;
an
d
iv
)
F
in
al
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
ar
e
r
ep
o
r
ted
in
s
ec
ti
on
5
.
2.
SYST
E
M
CO
NF
I
G
URA
T
I
O
N
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
s
y
s
tem
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
m
o
d
elin
g
,
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
,
an
d
o
p
er
atio
n
ar
e
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
ar
r
ay
,
s
in
g
le
in
p
u
t
an
d
m
u
ltip
le
o
u
tp
u
t,
b
r
u
s
h
less
d
ir
ec
t
cu
r
r
en
t
(
B
L
DC
)
m
o
to
r
,
an
d
wate
r
p
u
m
p
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
in
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
.
A
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
s
y
s
tem
with
2
5
0
0
r
p
m
an
d
5
.
7
k
W
is
ch
o
s
en
.
T
h
e
SP
VS
ar
r
ay
,
s
in
g
le
in
p
u
t
a
n
d
m
u
ltip
le
o
u
tp
u
t
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
,
a
n
d
wate
r
p
u
m
p
ar
e
tak
en
s
u
ch
t
h
at
o
v
er
a
ll
s
y
s
tem
f
u
n
ctio
n
in
g
is
n
o
t
in
t
er
r
u
p
tin
g
u
n
d
er
an
y
tr
o
u
b
le
in
atm
o
s
p
h
er
ically
c
o
n
d
itio
n
.
T
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
is
en
er
g
y
g
ath
er
ed
th
a
t
r
ec
eiv
es
th
e
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
a
n
d
is
c
o
n
v
e
r
ted
to
e
lectr
ical
en
er
g
y
.
B
atter
ies
ar
e
em
p
lo
y
ed
wh
en
th
er
e
is
n
o
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ity
to
h
av
e
a
wate
r
s
to
r
ag
e
s
y
s
tem
.
A
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
h
as
th
r
ee
m
ain
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
:
th
e
s
tato
r
,
th
e
r
o
to
r
,
an
d
th
e
Hall
ef
f
ec
t
Sen
s
o
r
.
T
h
e
B
L
DC
is
d
r
iv
en
b
y
a
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
p
u
ls
e
wid
th
m
o
d
u
latio
n
in
v
e
r
ter
.
An
i
n
ter
leav
ed
co
u
p
led
in
d
u
cto
r
is
u
s
ed
to
m
o
d
el
th
e
c
o
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
is
p
r
o
v
id
ed
to
r
eg
u
late
th
e
co
n
s
tan
t
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
u
n
d
e
r
d
if
f
er
en
t c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
a
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ce
ll.
Fig
u
r
e
1
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
taic
ce
ll
elec
tr
ical
eq
u
iv
alen
t
c
ir
cu
it
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
o
u
r
ce
co
n
n
ec
ted
with
th
e
d
io
d
e,
s
er
ie
s
o
f
r
esis
to
r
s
,
an
d
s
h
u
n
t
r
esis
to
r
s
.
I
t
is
th
e
i
n
ten
s
ity
o
f
th
e
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
ltaic
in
s
o
latio
n
an
d
d
e
p
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
ch
an
g
e.
T
h
e
d
io
d
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
t
h
e
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
an
d
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
o
f
th
e
ju
n
ctio
n
g
ap
.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
p
ass
in
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
p
ar
allel
r
e
s
is
to
r
is
th
e
s
h
u
n
t c
u
r
r
en
t.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
s
y
s
tem
ce
ll i
s
a
d
ev
ice
th
at
co
n
v
er
ts
s
o
lar
s
y
s
tem
r
ad
iatio
n
to
elec
tr
ical
p
o
wer
en
er
g
y
.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
ce
lls
ar
e
in
ter
co
n
n
e
cted
in
th
e
s
er
ies
as
well
a
s
p
ar
allel
to
th
e
f
r
am
e
SP
VS
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
SP
VS m
o
d
u
le
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
s
er
ies as we
ll a
s
p
ar
allel
t
o
th
e
f
r
am
e
SP
VS a
r
r
ay
.
T
h
e
SP
VS p
an
el
is
em
p
l
o
y
ed
i
n
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
s
y
s
tem
s
im
u
lati
o
n
T
h
e
b
atter
ies
ar
e
em
p
l
o
y
e
d
to
s
to
r
e
th
e
elec
tr
ical
p
o
wer
g
en
er
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
SP
VS
ar
r
ay
.
I
ts
ef
f
icien
c
y
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
c
h
ar
g
in
g
s
tate
an
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
in
g
s
tate.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
b
atter
y
h
as
1
2
V
,
2
0
0
Ah
ca
p
ac
ity
.
T
h
e
b
atter
y
life
tim
e
is
m
ea
s
u
r
e
d
t
o
b
e
5
y
ea
r
s
.
T
h
e
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
tem
is
esti
m
ated
to
b
e
5
0
0
W
,
5
0
Hz
,
an
d
2
2
0
V.
I
t
is
n
o
ted
th
at
th
e
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
s
y
s
tem
o
p
er
ates
o
n
p
ea
k
h
o
u
r
s
.
T
h
e
in
v
er
ter
an
d
c
h
ar
g
er
co
n
tr
o
ller
ar
e
t
h
e
cir
cu
its
th
at
ar
e
em
p
lo
y
ed
to
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
f
r
o
m
DC
to
AC
an
d
f
r
o
m
DC
to
D
C
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
life
tim
e
is
u
p
to
1
6
y
ea
r
s
with
9
5
%
ef
f
icac
y
a
n
d
th
e
esti
m
ated
in
v
e
r
ter
p
r
ice
i
s
USD
0
.
6
/W
.
T
h
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
20
2
5
:
74
-
80
76
p
lan
n
ed
wo
r
k
in
g
s
y
s
tem
is
d
i
s
cu
s
s
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
B
L
DC
is
u
s
ed
to
d
r
iv
e
th
e
wate
r
p
u
m
p
with
a
ce
n
tr
if
u
g
a
l
p
u
m
p
b
ec
au
s
e
its
lo
ad
ch
ar
ac
t
er
is
tics
ar
e
well
-
m
atch
ed
to
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
'
s
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
o
wer
lo
cu
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
SP
VS c
ell
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
wo
r
k
in
g
s
y
s
tem
3.
M
O
DE
L
I
NG
O
F
SI
NG
L
E
I
NP
UT
M
UL
T
I
O
U
T
P
UT
D
C
-
DC
CO
NVER
T
E
R
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
co
n
v
er
ter
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
d
is
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
co
n
d
u
ctin
g
m
o
d
e
an
d
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
co
n
d
u
c
tio
n
m
o
d
e
o
p
er
ated
h
er
e.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
s
in
g
le
in
p
u
t
a
n
d
d
u
al
o
u
tp
u
t
c
o
n
v
er
ter
s
y
s
tem
is
d
ep
icted
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
I
t
h
as
two
d
io
d
es
(
D1
a
n
d
D2
)
,
two
s
wit
ch
es
(
S1
an
d
S2
)
,
l
o
ad
r
esis
to
r
s
(
R
1
an
d
R
2
)
two
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
(
C
1
an
d
C
2
)
,
two
in
d
u
cto
r
s
(L1
an
d
L
2
)
,
a
n
d
l
o
ad
r
esis
to
r
s
(
R
1
an
d
R
2
)
.
I
n
th
is
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
l
tag
e
is
in
d
i
v
id
u
ally
r
eg
u
lated
at
v
ar
i
o
u
s
v
o
ltag
e
l
ev
els
with
th
e
h
elp
o
f
th
e
d
u
t
y
r
atio
Ꟙ
1
−Ꟙ
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
ex
p
l
ain
s
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
s
in
g
le
in
p
u
t
m
u
lti
o
u
tp
u
t
m
o
d
el
ex
ten
d
ed
v
er
s
io
n
b
y
m
u
ltip
l
e
o
u
tp
u
ts
.
I
t
n
ee
d
s
N
s
witch
es,
th
e
N
-
r
esis
to
r
,
th
e
N
-
in
d
u
cto
r
,
an
d
th
e
N
-
ca
p
ac
it
o
r
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
N
-
o
u
tp
u
t
v
e
r
s
io
n
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
ca
n
cr
ea
te
in
d
iv
id
u
al
o
u
tp
u
ts
d
u
r
in
g
its
co
n
tr
o
l
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
te
r
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
ar
e
illu
s
tr
ated
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
f
lo
wch
ar
t
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
wo
r
k
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
:
˗
T
h
e
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
is
v
e
r
y
s
i
m
p
le
;
˗
I
t
d
o
es
n
o
t
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
a
n
y
o
p
e
r
a
ti
o
n
al
c
o
n
s
t
r
ai
n
t
o
f
d
u
ty
c
y
cle
1
>
2
1
<
2
1
=
2
;
˗
I
t
m
ak
es
th
e
in
d
i
v
i
d
u
a
l
o
u
t
p
u
ts
;
˗
T
h
er
e
is
n
o
ass
u
m
p
ti
o
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
i
n
d
u
ct
o
r
c
u
r
r
en
t
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
c
o
n
t
r
o
lli
n
g
;
˗
T
h
e
lo
ad
s
a
r
e
i
n
t
o
p
o
l
o
g
y
is
o
la
ted
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
li
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
l
o
a
d
;
a
n
d
˗
T
h
e
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
c
an
a
ls
o
b
e
e
x
t
e
n
d
e
d
f
o
r
m
u
lti
p
le
o
u
t
p
u
ts
.
It
h
as
h
av
in
g
r
e
d
u
ce
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
witch
es,
m
o
r
e
e
f
f
icien
cy
,
n
o
cr
o
s
s
-
r
eg
u
latio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
,
a
n
d
is
c
o
s
t
-
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
t
h
e
ex
is
tin
g
c
o
n
v
er
ter
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
d
r
iv
e
in
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
wate
r
pumps
.
A
h
ig
h
cu
r
r
en
t is r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
all
s
witch
es.
T
ab
le
1
.
C
o
n
v
er
ter
p
a
r
am
eter
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
U
n
i
t
s
S
i
mu
l
a
t
i
o
n
v
a
l
u
e
I
n
p
u
t
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
V
48
O
u
t
p
u
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
A
mp
4
.
3
S
w
i
t
c
h
i
n
g
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
Hz
10
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
a
n
c
e
F
3
6
0
O
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
V
12
I
n
d
u
c
t
a
n
c
e
Mh
0
.
6
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
S
o
la
r
p
h
o
to
vo
lta
ic
s
ystem
fed
w
a
ter p
u
mp
in
g
s
ystem
u
s
in
g
B
LDC
mo
to
r
w
ith
s
in
g
le
…
(
K
o
mme
r
a
C
h
ita
n
ya
)
77
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
in
g
le
in
p
u
t d
o
u
b
le
o
u
tp
u
t
v
er
s
io
n
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
in
g
le
in
p
u
t m
u
ltip
le
o
u
tp
u
t
v
er
s
io
n
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Pro
p
o
s
ed
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
ch
ar
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
20
2
5
:
74
-
80
78
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
t
o
p
o
lo
g
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
is
ex
p
lain
ed
v
ia
MA
T
L
AB
s
im
u
latio
n
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
lev
els
r
o
s
e
f
r
o
m
2
0
0
to
1
1
0
0
W
/m
2
.
T
h
e
ad
v
an
tag
e
o
f
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
s
y
s
tem
i
s
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
v
ia
a
co
m
p
ar
ed
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
ad
v
an
tag
es
o
f
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
m
o
d
el
o
v
er
with
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
s
y
s
tem
.
I
t
ap
p
ea
r
s
b
etter
in
all
asp
ec
ts
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
c
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
a
n
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
ef
f
icac
y
at
d
if
f
er
en
t
ir
r
ad
ia
n
ce
(
W
/m
2
)
,
is
esti
m
ated
d
ep
en
d
i
n
g
u
p
o
n
th
e
test
r
esu
lts
;
th
e
p
o
wer
lo
s
s
f
o
r
wate
r
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
is
n
o
t
in
v
o
l
v
ed
in
ef
f
icac
y
ca
lcu
latio
n
s
.
T
h
e
ef
f
icien
cies
o
f
c
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
a
n
d
s
u
g
g
ested
s
y
s
tem
s
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
in
g
d
en
o
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
I
r
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
o
f
t
h
e
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
,
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
s
ch
em
e
s
ee
m
s
m
o
r
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
th
a
n
a
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
co
s
t
s
tu
d
y
o
f
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
m
o
d
el
i
n
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
with
a
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
m
o
d
el
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
to
v
alid
ate
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
-
b
ased
wate
r
p
u
m
p
is
in
v
o
lv
ed
in
th
e
co
s
t
s
tu
d
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
p
r
ice
th
e
all
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
in
I
NR
.
On
th
e
wh
o
le,
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
m
o
d
el
s
ee
m
s
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
to
co
s
t
-
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
s
ev
er
al
b
en
e
f
its
o
f
a
s
u
g
g
ested
s
y
s
tem
o
v
er
th
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
s
y
s
tem
[
3
]
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
s
tu
d
y
is
ex
p
lain
e
d
.
T
h
e
co
s
t stu
d
y
o
f
a
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
s
y
s
tem
in
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
with
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
[
5
]
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
a
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
-
f
ed
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
t
o
r
wate
r
p
u
m
p
is
in
clu
d
ed
in
th
e
co
s
t
an
aly
s
is
[
9
]
.
Ov
er
all,
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
d
esig
n
s
ee
m
s
co
m
p
ar
ativ
ely
b
etter
a
n
d
co
s
t
-
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
E
f
f
icac
y
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
with
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
to
p
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
t
o
p
o
lo
g
y
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Pric
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
f
o
r
s
u
g
g
ested
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
i
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
to
p
o
lo
g
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
S
o
la
r
p
h
o
to
vo
lta
ic
s
ystem
fed
w
a
ter p
u
mp
in
g
s
ystem
u
s
in
g
B
LDC
mo
to
r
w
ith
s
in
g
le
…
(
K
o
mme
r
a
C
h
ita
n
ya
)
79
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
p
ap
er
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
SP
VS
wate
r
p
u
m
p
to
g
ain
th
e
ad
v
an
tag
es
of
s
o
lar
e
n
er
g
y
a
lo
n
g
with
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
s
o
f
t
s
tar
tin
g
.
An
SP
VS
wate
r
p
u
m
p
u
s
in
g
a
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
d
r
iv
e
wit
h
a
s
in
g
le
in
p
u
t
a
n
d
m
u
ltip
le
o
u
tp
u
t
co
n
v
er
ter
is
f
o
cu
s
ed
.
T
h
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
is
a
tr
ain
ed
an
aly
s
is
p
ar
am
eter
ef
f
ec
t
u
p
o
n
SP
VS
with
o
p
er
ated
tem
p
er
atu
r
es
alo
n
g
with
th
e
s
o
lar
ir
r
a
d
iatio
n
lev
el
s
.
T
h
e
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
is
co
n
tr
o
lled
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
DC
-
AC
in
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
ef
f
icac
y
at
th
e
u
tili
ty
g
r
i
d
s
id
e
is
im
p
r
o
v
ed
an
d
s
im
u
latio
n
im
p
lem
en
t
atio
n
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
to
d
is
p
lay
th
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
T
h
e
c
o
m
p
lete
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
to
p
o
lo
g
y
an
d
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
h
as
f
in
ally
estab
lis
h
ed
th
e
ad
v
an
tag
e
o
f
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
I
n
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e
,
we
ca
n
d
esig
n
th
e
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
wate
r
p
u
m
p
with
B
L
DC
u
s
in
g
o
th
er
ty
p
es
o
f
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
E
M
E
NT
S
W
e
th
an
k
th
e
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
De
p
ar
tm
en
t
f
o
r
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
u
s
in
v
a
r
io
u
s
r
esear
c
h
f
ac
ilit
ies
to
co
m
p
lete
th
is
p
ap
er
.
R
E
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
T.
K
h
a
t
i
b
,
“
A
r
e
v
i
e
w
o
f
d
e
s
i
g
n
i
n
g
,
i
n
s
t
a
l
l
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
n
g
s
t
a
n
d
a
l
o
n
e
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
p
o
w
e
r
sy
s
t
e
ms
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ap
p
l
i
e
d
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
n
o
.
1
3
,
p
p
.
1
2
1
2
–
1
2
2
8
,
J
u
n
.
2
0
1
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
9
2
3
/
j
a
s.
2
0
1
0
.
1
2
1
2
.
1
2
2
8
.
[
2
]
H
.
D
r
i
ssi
,
J
.
K
h
e
d
i
r
i
,
W
.
Z
a
a
f
r
a
n
e
,
a
n
d
E
.
B
e
n
B
r
a
i
e
k
,
“
C
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
a
f
f
e
c
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
a
r
a
t
i
v
e
st
u
d
y
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
t
w
o
ma
x
i
mu
m
p
o
w
e
r
p
o
i
n
t
t
r
a
c
k
i
n
g
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
s,”
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
H
y
d
r
o
g
e
n
En
e
rg
y
,
v
o
l
.
4
2
,
n
o
.
1
3
,
p
p
.
8
6
8
9
–
8
7
0
2
,
M
a
r
.
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
i
j
h
y
d
e
n
e
.
2
0
1
6
.
0
9
.
1
9
3
.
[
3
]
R
.
S
h
a
n
m
u
g
a
s
u
n
d
r
a
m,
K
.
M
.
Za
k
a
r
a
i
a
h
,
a
n
d
N
.
Y
a
d
a
i
a
h
,
“
M
o
d
e
l
i
n
g
,
si
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
a
n
a
l
y
si
s
o
f
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
s
f
o
r
b
r
u
sh
l
e
ss
d
i
r
e
c
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
m
o
t
o
r
d
r
i
v
e
s,
”
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Vi
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
v
o
l
.
1
9
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
1
2
5
0
–
1
2
6
4
,
Ju
n
.
2
0
1
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
7
7
/
1
0
7
7
5
4
6
3
1
2
4
4
5
2
0
0
.
[
4
]
N
.
D
.
B
h
a
t
,
D
.
B
.
K
a
n
s
e
,
S
.
D
.
P
a
t
i
l
,
a
n
d
S
.
D
.
P
a
w
a
r
,
“
D
C
/
D
C
b
u
c
k
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
u
s
i
n
g
f
u
z
z
y
l
o
g
i
c
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
,
”
i
n
2
0
2
0
5
t
h
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
El
e
c
t
ro
n
i
c
s
S
y
st
e
m
s
(
I
C
C
ES
)
,
I
EEE,
Ju
n
.
2
0
2
0
,
p
p
.
1
8
2
–
1
8
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
C
C
ES
4
8
7
6
6
.
2
0
2
0
.
9
1
3
8
0
8
4
.
[
5
]
M
.
D
h
a
n
a
n
j
a
y
a
,
D
.
P
o
t
n
u
r
u
,
P
.
M
a
n
o
h
a
r
a
n
,
a
n
d
H
.
H
.
A
l
h
e
l
o
u
,
“
D
e
s
i
g
n
a
n
d
i
mp
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
si
n
g
l
e
-
i
n
p
u
t
-
m
u
l
t
i
-
o
u
t
p
u
t
D
C
-
D
C
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
t
o
p
o
l
o
g
y
f
o
r
a
u
x
i
l
i
a
r
y
p
o
w
e
r
mo
d
u
l
e
s
o
f
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
v
e
h
i
c
l
e
,
”
I
EEE
Ac
c
e
ss
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
7
6
9
7
5
–
7
6
9
8
9
,
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
A
C
C
ESS
.
2
0
2
2
.
3
1
9
2
7
3
8
.
[
6
]
K
.
H
.
H
a
ss
a
n
,
A
.
T.
R
a
s
h
i
d
,
a
n
d
B
.
H
.
Jasi
m,
“
P
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
e
st
i
ma
t
i
o
n
o
f
so
l
a
r
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
m
o
d
u
l
e
u
s
i
n
g
c
a
m
e
l
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
sea
r
c
h
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m,
”
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
t
ri
c
a
l
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
En
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
(
I
J
E
C
E)
,
v
o
l
.
1
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
7
8
8
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
e
c
e
.
v
1
1
i
1
.
p
p
7
8
8
-
7
9
3
.
[
7
]
S
.
M
.
P
a
d
m
a
j
a
,
S
.
D
.
K
u
mar
V
a
r
ma
,
K
.
O
m
k
a
r
,
a
n
d
G
.
S
.
R
a
o
,
“
R
e
a
l
t
i
m
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
a
ssessm
e
n
t
o
f
u
t
i
l
i
t
y
g
r
i
d
i
n
t
e
r
f
a
c
e
d
s
o
l
a
r
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
p
l
a
n
t
,
”
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
En
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
(
I
J
EC
E)
,
v
o
l
.
1
4
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
.
1
3
2
3
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
e
c
e
.
v
1
4
i
2
.
p
p
1
3
2
3
-
1
3
3
3
.
[
8
]
V
.
K
h
a
r
e
,
S
.
N
e
ma
,
a
n
d
P
.
B
a
r
e
d
a
r
,
“
S
o
l
a
r
–
w
i
n
d
h
y
b
r
i
d
r
e
n
e
w
a
b
l
e
e
n
e
r
g
y
sy
st
e
m:
A
r
e
v
i
e
w
,
”
R
e
n
e
w
a
b
l
e
a
n
d
S
u
st
a
i
n
a
b
l
e
E
n
e
r
g
y
Re
v
i
e
w
s
,
v
o
l
.
5
8
,
p
p
.
2
3
–
3
3
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
r
ser.
2
0
1
5
.
1
2
.
2
2
3
.
[
9
]
A
.
Lo
u
b
n
a
,
T.
R
i
a
d
,
a
n
d
M
.
S
a
l
i
m
a
,
“
S
t
a
n
d
a
l
o
n
e
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
a
r
r
a
y
f
e
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
m
o
t
o
r
d
r
i
v
e
n
w
a
t
e
r
p
u
mp
i
n
g
s
y
st
e
m,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
t
ri
c
a
l
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
(
I
J
E
C
E)
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
.
4
5
3
4
,
O
c
t
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
e
c
e
.
v
1
0
i
5
.
p
p
4
5
3
4
-
4
5
4
2
.
[
1
0
]
N
.
R
.
M
u
c
h
e
r
l
a
,
N
.
K
a
r
t
h
i
c
k
,
a
n
d
A
.
M
.
R
a
o
,
“
F
a
u
l
t
t
o
l
e
r
a
n
t
n
i
n
e
-
l
e
v
e
l
i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
t
o
p
o
l
o
g
y
f
o
r
s
o
l
a
r
w
a
t
e
r
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s,”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
(
I
J
E
C
E)
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
.
3
4
8
5
,
A
u
g
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
e
c
e
.
v
1
2
i
4
.
p
p
3
4
8
5
-
3
4
9
3
.
[
1
1
]
M
.
V
e
n
k
a
t
e
sh
k
u
mar
a
n
d
R
.
R
a
g
h
a
v
a
n
,
“
H
y
b
r
i
d
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
a
n
d
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
st
e
m w
i
t
h
b
a
t
t
e
r
y
m
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
s
y
st
e
m
u
s
i
n
g
f
u
z
z
y
l
o
g
i
c
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ap
p
l
i
e
d
P
o
w
e
r
En
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
(
I
J
APE)
,
v
o
l
.
5
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
.
7
2
,
A
u
g
.
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
a
p
e
.
v
5
.
i
2
.
p
p
7
2
-
7
8
.
[
1
2
]
V
.
P
a
n
d
u
r
a
n
g
a
n
a
n
d
O
.
P
.
M
a
l
i
k
,
“
S
u
p
e
r
v
i
s
o
r
y
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
c
o
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
p
l
a
n
t
u
s
i
n
g
f
u
z
z
y
l
o
g
i
c
,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Ap
p
l
i
e
d
Po
w
e
r
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
(
I
J
AP
E)
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
.
2
3
4
,
D
e
c
.
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
a
p
e
.
v
8
.
i
3
.
p
p
2
3
4
-
2
4
8
.
[
1
3
]
S
.
Ja
i
n
,
R
.
K
a
r
a
mp
u
r
i
,
a
n
d
V
.
T.
S
o
m
a
se
k
h
a
r
,
“
A
n
I
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
e
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
A
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
f
o
r
a
S
i
n
g
l
e
-
S
t
a
g
e
P
V
p
u
mp
i
n
g
sy
s
t
e
m
u
s
i
n
g
a
n
o
p
e
n
-
e
n
d
w
i
n
d
i
n
g
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
mo
t
o
r
,
”
I
EEE
T
r
a
n
sa
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
I
n
d
u
st
r
i
a
l
El
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
,
v
o
l
.
6
3
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
9
5
6
–
9
6
5
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
TI
E.
2
0
1
5
.
2
4
8
0
7
6
5
.
[
1
4
]
M
.
K
o
l
h
e
,
J
.
C
.
J
o
s
h
i
,
a
n
d
D
.
P
.
K
o
t
h
a
r
i
,
“
P
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
a
d
i
r
e
c
t
l
y
c
o
u
p
l
e
d
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
w
a
t
e
r
-
p
u
mp
i
n
g
s
y
st
e
m,
”
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
E
n
e
r
g
y
C
o
n
v
e
rs
i
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
1
9
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
6
1
3
–
6
1
8
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
0
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
T
EC
.
2
0
0
4
.
8
2
7
0
3
2
.
[
1
5
]
B
.
K
u
m
a
r
,
Y
.
K
.
C
h
a
u
h
a
n
,
a
n
d
V
.
S
h
r
i
v
a
s
t
a
v
a
,
“
P
e
r
f
o
r
ma
n
c
e
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
a
w
a
t
e
r
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
u
p
p
l
i
e
d
b
y
a
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
w
i
t
h
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
ma
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
e
r
p
o
i
n
t
t
r
a
c
k
i
n
g
t
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
s,
”
S
o
n
g
k
l
a
n
a
k
a
ri
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
3
6
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
0
7
–
1
1
3
,
2
0
1
4
.
[
1
6
]
A
.
P
a
d
i
l
l
a
,
C
.
L
o
n
d
o
ñ
o
,
F
.
Jar
a
mi
l
l
o
,
I
.
To
v
a
r
,
J.
B
.
C
a
n
o
,
a
n
d
E
.
V
e
l
i
l
l
a
,
“
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
a
sses
s
b
y
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
I
-
V
c
u
r
v
e
s
i
n
o
u
t
d
o
o
r
t
e
st
s
,
”
S
o
l
a
r E
n
e
rg
y
,
v
o
l
.
2
3
7
,
p
p
.
1
1
–
1
8
,
M
a
y
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
so
l
e
n
e
r
.
2
0
2
2
.
0
3
.
0
6
4
.
[
1
7
]
P
.
C
a
sa
d
o
,
J
.
M
.
B
l
a
n
e
s
,
C
.
To
r
r
e
s,
C
.
O
r
t
s,
D
.
M
a
r
r
o
q
u
í
,
a
n
d
A
.
G
a
r
r
i
g
ó
s,
“
R
a
s
p
b
e
r
r
y
P
i
b
a
se
d
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
I
-
V
c
u
r
v
e
t
r
a
c
e
r
,
”
H
a
rd
w
a
r
e
X
,
v
o
l
.
1
1
,
p
.
e
0
0
2
6
2
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
o
h
x
.
2
0
2
2
.
e
0
0
2
6
2
.
[
1
8
]
I
.
B
e
r
a
r
d
o
n
e
,
J.
L
o
p
e
z
G
a
r
c
i
a
,
a
n
d
M
.
P
a
g
g
i
,
“
A
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
l
u
mi
n
e
sce
n
c
e
a
n
d
i
n
f
r
a
r
e
d
t
h
e
r
m
a
l
i
m
a
g
e
s
o
f
mo
n
o
c
r
y
s
t
a
l
l
i
n
e
si
l
i
c
o
n
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
m
o
d
u
l
e
s
a
f
t
e
r
2
0
y
e
a
r
s
o
f
o
u
t
d
o
o
r
u
se
i
n
a
so
l
a
r
v
e
h
i
c
l
e
,
”
S
o
l
a
r
En
e
r
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
1
7
3
,
p
p
.
4
7
8
–
4
8
6
,
O
c
t
.
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
so
l
e
n
e
r
.
2
0
1
8
.
0
7
.
0
5
5
.
[
1
9
]
M
.
D
h
i
m
i
sh
a
n
d
A
.
A
l
r
a
sh
i
d
i
,
“
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
d
e
g
r
a
d
a
t
i
o
n
r
a
t
e
a
f
f
e
c
t
e
d
b
y
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
w
e
a
t
h
e
r
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s:
a
c
a
s
e
st
u
d
y
b
a
se
d
o
n
P
V
sy
st
e
ms
i
n
t
h
e
U
K
a
n
d
A
u
s
t
r
a
l
i
a
,
”
El
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
(
Ba
s
e
l
)
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
.
6
5
0
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
9
0
4
0
6
5
0
.
[
2
0
]
A
.
B
a
k
l
o
u
t
i
,
L
.
M
i
f
d
a
l
,
S
.
D
e
l
l
a
g
i
,
a
n
d
A
.
C
h
e
l
b
i
,
“
A
n
o
p
t
i
ma
l
p
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
v
e
ma
i
n
t
e
n
a
n
c
e
p
o
l
i
c
y
f
o
r
a
s
o
l
a
r
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
s
y
s
t
e
m,
”
S
u
s
t
a
i
n
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
.
4
2
6
6
,
M
a
y
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
su
1
2
1
0
4
2
6
6
.
[
2
1
]
Y
.
Z
h
u
a
n
d
W
.
X
i
a
o
,
“
A
c
o
mp
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
r
e
v
i
e
w
o
f
t
o
p
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
f
o
r
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
I
–
V
c
u
r
v
e
t
r
a
c
e
r
,
”
S
o
l
a
r
E
n
e
r
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
1
9
6
,
p
p
.
3
4
6
–
3
5
7
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
s
o
l
e
n
e
r
.
2
0
1
9
.
1
2
.
0
2
0
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
20
2
5
:
74
-
80
80
[
2
2
]
A
.
El
H
a
mm
o
u
mi
,
S
.
M
o
t
a
h
h
i
r
,
A
.
C
h
a
l
h
,
A
.
E
l
G
h
z
i
z
a
l
,
a
n
d
A
.
D
e
r
o
u
i
c
h
,
“
Lo
w
-
c
o
s
t
v
i
r
t
u
a
l
i
n
s
t
r
u
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
P
V
p
a
n
e
l
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
u
si
n
g
E
x
c
e
l
a
n
d
A
r
d
u
i
n
o
i
n
c
o
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
w
i
t
h
t
r
a
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
l
i
n
s
t
r
u
me
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
R
e
n
e
w
Wi
n
d
W
a
t
e
r
S
o
l
,
v
o
l
.
5
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
3
,
D
e
c
.
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
8
6
/
s
4
0
8
0
7
-
0
1
8
-
0
0
4
9
-
0.
[
2
3
]
A
.
P
r
a
d
h
a
n
a
n
d
B
.
P
a
n
d
a
,
“
A
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
t
e
n
e
x
t
e
r
n
a
l
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
a
f
f
e
c
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
o
f
P
V
sy
s
t
e
m
,
”
i
n
2
0
1
7
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
E
n
e
rg
y
,
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
D
a
t
a
An
a
l
y
t
i
c
s
a
n
d
S
o
f
t
C
o
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
(
I
C
E
C
D
S
)
,
I
EEE,
A
u
g
.
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
3
0
9
3
–
3
0
9
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
C
EC
D
S
.
2
0
1
7
.
8
3
9
0
0
2
5
.
[
2
4
]
B
.
P
a
n
d
a
a
n
d
A
.
P
r
a
d
h
a
n
,
“
A
n
a
l
y
si
s
o
f
r
e
n
e
w
a
b
l
e
e
n
e
r
g
y
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
n
r
a
d
i
a
l
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
,
”
i
n
2
0
2
1
1
st
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
P
o
w
e
r E
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
a
n
d
En
e
rg
y
(
I
C
PEE)
,
I
EEE,
Ja
n
.
2
0
2
1
,
p
p
.
1
–
6
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
C
P
EE
5
0
4
5
2
.
2
0
2
1
.
9
3
5
8
7
6
7
.
[
2
5
]
A
.
P
r
a
d
h
a
n
,
B
.
P
a
n
d
a
,
a
n
d
S
.
M
o
h
a
p
a
t
r
a
,
“
P
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
sed
M
P
P
T
met
h
o
d
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
c
o
n
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
m
e
t
h
o
d
s,
”
i
n
2
0
2
0
I
EEE
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
S
y
m
p
o
s
i
u
m
o
n
S
u
st
a
i
n
a
b
l
e
E
n
e
r
g
y
,
S
i
g
n
a
l
Pr
o
c
e
s
si
n
g
a
n
d
C
y
b
e
r S
e
c
u
ri
t
y
(
i
S
S
S
C
)
,
I
EEE,
D
e
c
.
2
0
2
0
,
p
p
.
1
–
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
i
S
S
S
C
5
0
9
4
1
.
2
0
2
0
.
9
3
5
8
8
2
0
.
[
2
6
]
A
.
P
r
a
d
h
a
n
a
n
d
B
.
P
a
n
d
a
,
“
D
e
si
g
n
o
f
D
C
-
D
C
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
f
o
r
l
o
a
d
ma
t
c
h
i
n
g
i
n
c
a
s
e
o
f
P
V
sy
s
t
e
m
,
”
i
n
2
0
1
7
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
En
e
rg
y
,
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
D
a
t
a
An
a
l
y
t
i
c
s
a
n
d
S
o
f
t
C
o
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
(
I
C
EC
D
S
)
,
I
EEE,
A
u
g
.
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
1
0
0
2
–
1
0
0
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
C
EC
D
S
.
2
0
1
7
.
8
3
8
9
5
8
8
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S O
F
AUTH
O
RS
K
o
m
m
e
r
a
Ch
a
ita
n
y
a
is
a
n
a
c
c
o
m
p
li
sh
e
d
sc
h
o
lar
wh
o
h
a
s
c
o
m
p
lete
d
h
is
b
a
c
h
e
lo
r’s,
M
a
ste
r’s
a
n
d
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
p
u
rsu
i
n
g
h
is
P
h
.
D
.
i
n
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
t
Ka
li
n
g
a
In
stit
u
te
o
f
In
d
u
strial
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(KIIT
De
e
m
e
d
to
b
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
)
B
h
u
b
a
n
e
sw
a
r
in
I
n
d
ia
,
a
c
h
iev
in
g
t
h
e
se
m
il
e
sto
n
e
s
in
2
0
0
8
,
2
0
1
1
,
a
n
d
2
0
2
2
,
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
.
His
a
c
a
d
e
m
i
c
fo
c
u
s
li
e
s
in
th
e
field
o
f
e
n
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
.
p
re
se
n
tl
y
h
e
h
o
ld
s
th
e
p
o
siti
o
n
o
f
a
ss
istan
t
p
ro
fe
ss
o
r
i
n
t
h
e
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
D
e
p
a
rtme
n
t
a
t
M
a
ll
a
Re
d
d
y
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Co
ll
e
g
e
a
n
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
S
c
ien
c
e
s
in
Hy
d
e
r
a
b
a
d
,
Tela
n
g
a
n
a
,
In
d
ia.
W
it
h
o
v
e
r
1
2
y
e
a
rs
o
f
tea
c
h
i
n
g
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
,
Ko
m
m
e
ra
Ch
a
it
a
n
y
a
is
a
se
a
so
n
e
d
e
d
u
c
a
to
r,
fu
r
th
e
rm
o
re
,
h
is
o
n
g
o
i
n
g
re
se
a
rc
h
c
e
n
ters
o
n
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
so
u
rc
e
s,
h
i
g
h
-
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
c
o
n
v
e
rters
,
so
lar
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
s
y
ste
m
s,
m
o
to
rs,
n
e
u
ra
l
-
n
e
two
rk
-
b
a
se
d
m
a
x
imu
m
p
o
we
r
p
o
in
t
trac
k
in
g
(
M
P
P
T)
,
a
n
d
wa
ter
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
sy
ste
m
s.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
c
h
a
it
a
n
y
a
.
k
4
0
7
@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Dr
.
Ar
jy
a
d
h
a
r
a
Pra
d
h
a
n
sta
rted
wo
rk
i
n
g
a
s
As
sista
n
t
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
a
t
Ve
d
a
n
ta
G
ro
u
p
,
Hin
d
u
sta
n
Zi
n
c
Li
m
it
e
d
,
Ra
jas
th
a
n
in
th
e
y
e
a
r
2
0
0
9
a
n
d
c
o
n
ti
n
u
e
d
ti
ll
Ja
n
u
a
ry
,
2
0
1
1
.
Ne
x
t,
sh
e
jo
i
n
e
d
KIIT
De
e
m
e
d
t
o
b
e
Un
i
v
e
rsity
a
s
a
n
As
sista
n
t
P
ro
fe
ss
o
r
in
t
h
e
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
sin
c
e
2
0
1
1
.
Dr.
P
ra
d
h
a
n
h
o
l
d
s
a
B.
Te
c
h
.
d
e
g
re
e
i
n
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
fro
m
KIIT
Un
i
v
e
rsity
in
t
h
e
y
e
a
r
2
0
0
9
,
M
.
Tec
h
.
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
fro
m
KIIT
Un
iv
e
rsity
i
n
th
e
y
e
a
r
2
0
1
3
a
n
d
P
h
.
D
.
fr
o
m
KIIT
De
e
m
e
d
to
b
e
U
n
iv
e
rsit
y
in
t
h
e
y
e
a
r
2
0
1
8
.
Dr.
P
ra
d
h
a
n
'
s
re
se
a
rc
h
a
re
a
is
g
re
e
n
e
n
e
rg
y
with
a
fo
c
u
s
o
n
so
lar
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ics
.
S
h
e
h
a
s
m
o
re
th
a
n
50
S
c
o
p
u
s
i
n
d
e
x
p
u
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
te
n
p
a
ten
ts
.
S
h
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
"
Yo
u
n
g
En
g
i
n
e
e
r"
Aw
a
rd
in
th
e
field
o
f
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
in
th
e
y
e
a
r
2
0
2
0
a
n
d
m
a
n
y
o
t
h
e
r
a
wa
rd
s.
S
h
e
h
a
s
twe
lv
e
y
e
a
rs
o
f
a
c
a
d
e
m
ic
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
a
rjy
a
d
h
a
ra
.
p
ra
d
h
a
n
fe
l@
k
ii
t.
a
c
.
i
n
.
Dr
.
Ba
b
ita
P
a
n
d
a
re
c
e
iv
e
d
a
m
a
ste
r
d
e
g
re
e
in
p
o
we
r
e
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
d
riv
e
s
i
n
2
0
0
9
a
n
d
a
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
in
2
0
1
7
fr
o
m
Ka
li
n
g
a
In
st
it
u
te
o
f
In
d
u
str
ial
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
d
e
e
m
e
d
to
b
e
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
Bh
u
b
a
n
e
sw
a
r,
I
n
d
ia.
S
h
e
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
wo
r
k
in
g
a
s
a
n
As
so
c
iate
P
ro
fe
ss
o
r
in
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
t
KIIT
Un
iv
e
rsity
sin
c
e
1
6
t
h
Au
g
u
st
2
0
1
2
.
S
h
e
h
a
s
c
o
m
p
lete
d
0
4
re
se
a
rc
h
p
r
o
jec
ts
fu
n
d
e
d
b
y
T
h
e
In
stit
u
te
o
f
En
g
i
n
e
e
rs
(I)
a
n
d
BP
UT
(CRIS
s
c
h
e
m
e
).
He
r
re
s
e
a
rc
h
a
re
a
s
in
c
lu
d
e
p
o
we
r
e
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
d
riv
e
s,
d
istri
b
u
ted
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
,
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
,
sta
n
d
a
lo
n
e
,
a
n
d
g
rid
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
s
y
ste
m
s
.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
p
a
n
d
a
b
a
b
it
a
1
8
@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.