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1
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[
3
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.
On
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I
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ito
r
ed
v
ia
t
h
e
d
ev
ice,
co
n
s
is
ti
n
g
o
f
an
alter
n
ate
-
e
n
er
g
y
v
is
u
aliza
t
io
n
w
id
g
et
th
at
allo
w
s
au
to
m
a
tic
alter
n
ate
-
e
n
er
g
y
u
s
e
f
r
o
m
an
y
p
lace
o
v
er
t
h
e
i
n
ter
n
et
[
1
7
]
,
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
e
I
o
T
s
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
e
n
ab
les
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
h
u
m
a
n
s
an
d
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
u
n
it
d
ev
ices
[
1
9
]
,
[
2
0
]
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
,
f
o
r
th
is
r
esear
ch
titl
ed
d
esig
n
o
f
I
o
T
-
b
ased
s
m
ar
t
m
eter
s
f
o
r
s
o
lar
p
o
w
er
p
lan
t
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
h
a
v
in
g
a
n
I
o
T
s
er
v
er
av
ailab
le
c
an
f
ac
il
itate
r
e
m
o
te
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
p
an
els
v
ia
a
n
i
n
ter
n
et
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
.
F
u
r
th
er
,
t
h
e
r
esear
c
h
b
y
Al
-
Ali
et
a
l.
[2
1
]
o
n
s
m
ar
t
-
p
o
w
er
ed
I
o
T
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
s
tate
s
th
a
t
a
r
e
m
o
te
s
u
r
v
eilla
n
ce
w
eb
s
ite
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
h
ig
h
l
y
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le
s
y
s
te
m
t
h
at
ca
n
b
e
s
u
p
er
v
i
s
ed
u
s
i
n
g
a
co
m
p
u
ter
o
r
ce
ll
p
h
o
n
e,
an
d
t
h
at,
i
n
t
h
e
f
u
tu
r
e,
th
is
co
n
ce
p
t
co
u
ld
b
e
e
n
h
an
ce
d
to
s
u
p
p
o
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t
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
w
i
th
n
o
h
u
m
an
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
r
eq
u
ir
ed
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
ese
au
th
o
r
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
r
esear
ch
u
ti
lizi
n
g
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
I
o
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
ie
s
,
wh
ich
ar
e
a
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
r
esear
c
h
to
co
n
tr
o
l
t
h
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
s
o
lar
p
ar
am
eter
s
at
th
e
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
le
v
el
[
2
5
]
.
W
ith
I
o
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
ie
s
an
d
in
ter
n
et
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
,
t
h
is
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
s
o
l
u
tio
n
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
b
o
th
d
is
tan
ce
an
d
s
p
ee
d
.
I
n
th
is
ar
ti
cle,
w
e
d
ev
elo
p
I
o
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
to
s
en
d
d
ata
o
n
p
ar
am
eter
s
v
ia
s
o
lar
m
o
d
u
les
an
d
s
en
d
th
e
m
d
ir
ec
tl
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
T
h
in
g
s
p
ea
k
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
is
d
ata,
w
h
ic
h
is
tr
an
s
m
it
te
d
d
ir
ec
tly
to
a
w
eb
s
er
v
er
,
ca
n
b
e
f
u
r
th
er
an
al
y
z
ed
an
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
f
o
r
id
en
tif
icatio
n
p
u
r
p
o
s
es.
Su
b
s
eq
u
e
n
t
l
y
,
th
e
s
e
d
ata
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
ex
p
er
ien
ce
in
d
eter
m
i
n
in
g
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
u
s
ed
in
a
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
th
e
ev
er
y
d
a
y
c
y
cle
an
d
a
f
f
ec
ted
b
y
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
ical
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
t
h
e
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
s
y
s
t
e
m
ca
n
id
en
tify
t
h
e
a
m
o
u
n
t o
f
p
o
ten
t
ial
en
er
g
y
g
e
n
er
ated
b
y
a
s
o
lar
e
n
er
g
y
s
y
s
t
e
m
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
As
p
ar
t
o
f
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
tak
e
s
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
ts
o
f
s
o
lar
p
an
el
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
,
s
u
c
h
as
cu
r
r
en
t,
v
o
lta
g
e,
p
o
w
er
,
te
m
p
e
r
atu
r
e,
h
u
m
id
it
y
,
a
n
d
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
.
A
b
o
ar
d
(
E
SP
8
2
6
6
)
w
i
ll
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
co
llectin
g
an
d
tr
an
s
m
itti
n
g
d
ata
v
ia
t
h
e
T
h
in
g
s
p
ea
k
p
lat
f
o
r
m
.
T
ab
le
1
s
u
m
m
ar
izes
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
in
cl
u
d
ed
i
n
t
h
is
ar
ticle.
T
h
is
s
y
s
te
m
's
I
o
T
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
o
u
tp
u
t
to
m
o
n
i
to
r
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
id
en
ti
f
y
th
e
d
ata
i
n
r
ea
l
ti
m
e.
T
h
is
d
ata
is
co
llected
an
d
tr
a
n
s
f
er
r
ed
v
ia
th
e
T
h
i
n
g
s
p
ea
k
p
lat
f
o
r
m
.
A
f
ter
th
at,
t
h
i
s
p
ar
am
eter
d
ata
m
a
y
b
e
ed
ite
d
f
o
r
s
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
t
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
.
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
's
s
ch
e
m
a
tic
d
iag
r
a
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
f
lo
w
c
h
ar
t
d
ed
icate
d
to
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p
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g
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r
ith
m
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p
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u
s
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A
r
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s
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Fi
r
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t,
w
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d
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e
th
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lib
r
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co
r
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esp
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Fig
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C
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Fig
u
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P
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ch
a
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2
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1
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P
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W
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ap
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to
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.
2
.
2
.
Sens
o
r
s
y
s
t
e
m
T
h
is
d
ev
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is
u
s
ed
to
m
ea
s
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r
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i
m
p
o
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tan
t
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
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ltaic
s
y
s
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m
.
A
c
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r
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t
s
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e
f
ield
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f
ec
t.
T
h
is
s
en
s
o
r
is
u
s
ed
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
alter
n
atin
g
o
r
d
ir
ec
t
cu
r
r
en
t.
I
t
is
eq
u
ip
p
ed
as
s
tan
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ar
d
w
ith
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p
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n
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a
m
p
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f
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cir
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it
s
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h
a
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ce
th
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it
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i
t
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an
d
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tr
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m
e
l
y
s
m
al
l
ch
a
n
g
e
s
i
n
cu
r
r
en
t.
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
tr
a
n
s
d
u
ce
r
is
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
f
o
r
m
ea
s
u
r
i
n
g
b
o
th
AC
an
d
DC
v
o
ltag
e
s
.
T
h
e
o
p
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atin
g
p
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in
c
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o
f
t
h
e
v
o
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s
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m
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s
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th
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p
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in
cip
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f
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s
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ce
s
u
p
p
r
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n
an
d
ca
n
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ce
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e
o
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ig
in
al
v
o
ltag
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i
n
p
u
t b
y
u
p
to
f
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v
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ti
m
e
s
.
T
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
v
o
ltag
e
u
s
es
a
v
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l
tag
e
d
i
v
id
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cir
cu
it
th
a
t
co
n
v
e
r
ts
a
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
p
o
ten
t
ial
(
)
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
A
v
o
lta
g
e
d
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id
er
r
esis
to
r
o
n
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en
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1
a
n
d
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d
ep
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p
lit
u
d
e
in
v
o
ltag
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u
t
v
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m
o
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e.
I
n
th
i
s
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p
h
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to
v
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ltaic
v
o
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ag
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(
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ca
n
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e
m
ea
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h
e
v
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d
iv
id
er
cir
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it e
q
u
atio
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is
g
iv
e
n
b
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(
1
)
[
2
6
]
.
=
2
1
+
2
(
1
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On
th
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t
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ated
m
atc
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t
h
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en
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As
a
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h
e
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ig
n
al
co
n
v
er
ter
r
eq
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ir
es
a
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ig
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ac
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ter
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s
u
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ac
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til
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.
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h
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th
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in
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ter
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v
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ted
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s
e
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1
=
(
2
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2
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2
=
−
(
2
5
)
1
(
3
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
R
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2089
-
4864
A
s
tu
d
y
o
f I
o
T
b
a
s
ed
r
ea
l
-
time
mo
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
p
o
w
er p
la
n
t
(
R
a
mia
Ou
ed
ern
i)
187
I
n
th
is
ar
tic
le,
a
DHT
2
2
s
en
s
o
r
m
o
d
u
le
i
s
u
tili
ze
d
to
d
etec
t
t
h
e
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
a
n
d
h
u
m
id
it
y
o
f
o
b
j
ec
ts
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
v
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g
e
a
n
alo
g
o
u
tp
u
t
t
h
at
ca
n
b
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
e
v
alu
ated
u
s
in
g
a
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
A
lig
h
t
-
d
ep
en
d
en
t r
esi
s
tan
ce
(
L
D
R
)
s
en
s
o
r
is
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
as
th
e
lig
h
t
d
etec
to
r
.
I
t d
etec
ts
th
e
lu
m
i
n
o
s
it
y
an
d
in
te
n
s
it
y
o
f
th
e
a
m
b
ie
n
t s
u
n
li
g
h
t.
2
.
3
.
No
de
M
CU
T
o
o
p
er
ate
an
I
o
T
d
ev
ice,
a
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
n
ee
d
ed
o
n
th
e
W
i
-
Fi
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
tr
an
s
m
it
s
d
ata
to
th
e
W
i
-
Fi
c
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
a
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
s
ac
r
if
icial
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
er
v
er
.
No
d
e
MCU
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
a
b
o
ar
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
t
h
at
co
m
b
in
es
b
o
th
t
h
e
p
r
ac
tical
f
u
n
c
t
io
n
alit
y
o
f
ea
c
h
in
p
u
t/o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
r
t
an
d
th
at
o
f
a
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
b
o
ar
d
.
T
h
is
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
W
i
-
Fi
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
p
er
f
o
r
m
in
g
all
th
e
ca
lcu
la
ti
o
n
s
t
h
at
r
eq
u
ir
e
all
th
e
co
m
p
u
tat
io
n
s
,
b
u
t
it
a
ls
o
p
r
o
v
id
es
t
h
e
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
to
th
e
W
i
-
Fi.
2
.
4
.
Vie
w
er
ha
rdwa
re
T
h
e
p
r
in
cip
al
v
ie
w
er
i
n
t
h
i
s
a
r
ticle
is
a
w
eb
s
er
v
er
.
T
h
e
w
e
b
s
er
v
er
w
o
r
k
s
as
a
r
ec
ei
v
er
o
f
b
r
o
w
s
er
m
es
s
ag
e
s
an
d
an
s
w
er
s
th
e
r
eq
u
est
as
a
w
eb
p
ag
e.
T
h
is
ar
ticle
d
is
cu
s
s
es
a
w
eb
s
er
v
er
p
o
w
er
ed
b
y
t
h
e
T
h
in
g
Sp
e
a
k
I
o
T
p
latf
o
r
m
an
d
ap
p
licatio
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p
r
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g
r
am
m
i
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i
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ter
f
ac
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A
P
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w
h
ich
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ac
ili
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ates
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ea
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ti
m
e
d
ata
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to
r
ag
e
f
r
o
m
m
o
n
ito
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e
n
s
o
r
s
.
I
t'
s
a
b
ac
k
u
p
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o
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tio
n
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o
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y
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u
r
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ata
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e
e
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n
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o
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a
p
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b
lem
o
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o
u
r
in
ter
n
e
t c
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
AND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
elec
tr
ical
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e,
co
m
p
r
is
i
n
g
a
s
o
lar
p
an
el
an
d
s
ev
er
al
s
en
s
o
r
s
:
a
v
o
lta
g
e
d
iv
id
er
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
v
o
lta
g
e,
an
L
DR
s
e
n
s
o
r
f
o
r
li
g
h
t,
an
AC
S7
1
2
cu
r
r
en
t
s
en
s
o
r
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d
a
DHT
2
2
s
en
s
o
r
f
o
r
h
u
m
id
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y
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d
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e.
Me
asu
r
ed
d
ata
is
s
e
n
t
v
ia
t
h
e
E
SP
8
2
6
6
W
i
-
Fi
m
o
d
u
le
f
o
r
r
e
m
o
te
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
.
T
h
is
allo
w
s
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
P
r
ac
tical
d
iag
r
am
of
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
te
m
m
ea
s
u
r
i
n
g
r
es
u
lt
s
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
g
r
ap
h
ic
r
ep
r
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u
s
i
n
g
a
T
h
in
g
s
p
ea
k
p
lat
f
o
r
m
ar
e
p
r
ese
n
ted
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
es
4
a
n
d
5
.
T
h
e
m
o
r
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
u
s
ed
v
ar
iab
le
s
i
n
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
te
m
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
w
er
e
th
e
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e,
th
e
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
,
an
d
th
e
h
u
m
id
it
y
.
Fig
u
r
es
4
(
a)
to
(
c)
illu
s
tr
ate
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
p
ar
am
eter
s
f
o
r
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m
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e,
ir
r
ad
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th
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m
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:2
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1
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3
(
GM
T
)
.
T
h
at
is
d
u
e
to
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
f
ac
to
r
s
li
k
e
clo
u
d
s
,
b
u
ild
i
n
g
s
,
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d
tr
ee
s
b
lo
ck
in
g
th
e
v
ie
w
.
T
h
e
f
lu
ct
u
atio
n
s
o
b
s
er
v
ed
in
th
e
te
m
p
er
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r
e,
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
,
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d
h
u
m
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y
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ar
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les
w
i
l
l
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u
s
e
a
m
o
d
i
f
icat
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n
in
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
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o
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ic
p
o
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er
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e
n
er
atio
n
v
al
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e.
A
s
illu
s
tr
ated
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y
Fig
u
r
es
5
(
a)
an
d
(
b
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,
p
h
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o
ltaic
p
r
o
d
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ctio
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ap
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r
s
as
a
ch
a
n
g
in
g
v
o
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g
e
an
d
c
u
r
r
en
t.
T
h
is
is
d
u
e
to
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
an
d
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
in
f
l
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n
cin
g
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e
p
h
o
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o
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o
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e
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n
d
cu
r
r
en
t
v
al
u
e
s
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
th
e
v
ar
iab
le
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
p
o
w
er
g
en
er
atio
n
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
(
c)
is
v
ar
iab
le.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
9
-
4864
I
n
t J
R
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
2
0
2
5
:
1
8
4
-
1
9
0
188
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c
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Fig
u
r
e
4
.
R
esu
lts
of
(
a)
te
m
p
er
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r
e,
(
b
)
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
,
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d
(
c)
h
u
m
id
it
y
m
ea
s
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r
e
m
en
t
s
vi
a
th
e
t
h
in
g
s
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e
ak
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)
(
b
)
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Fig
u
r
e
5
.
R
esu
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of
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lta
g
e,
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b
)
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r
r
en
t,
an
d
(
c)
p
o
w
er
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
ai
c
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
R
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2089
-
4864
A
s
tu
d
y
o
f I
o
T
b
a
s
ed
r
ea
l
-
time
mo
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
p
o
w
er p
la
n
t
(
R
a
mia
Ou
ed
ern
i)
189
T
h
in
g
s
p
ea
k
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
ca
n
ass
i
s
t
o
p
er
ato
r
s
in
p
r
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en
tio
n
a
n
d
m
ai
n
te
n
a
n
ce
ac
tiv
it
ies
w
h
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le
s
u
p
p
l
y
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n
g
aler
ts
to
en
ab
le
ea
r
l
y
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n
i
n
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an
d
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al
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atio
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o
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an
y
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n
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e
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in
t
h
e
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ir
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e
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t
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.
As
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ter
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ata,
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e
T
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ased
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in
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n
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n
d
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s,
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s,
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a
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g
.
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c
a
n
b
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c
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n
tac
ted
a
t
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m
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h
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r
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b
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a
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s
im
g
.
t
n
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f.
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o
u
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a
c
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w
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rn
in
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n
G
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rd
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,
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u
n
isia
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n
1
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6
4
.
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re
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e
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e
d
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b
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it
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in
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le
c
tri
c
a
l
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g
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rin
g
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2
0
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ro
m
th
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ti
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n
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sti
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tri
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g
(ENIT
),
T
u
n
isia.
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is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
p
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
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t
th
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Hig
h
T
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h
n
ica
l
a
n
d
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c
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c
e
S
c
h
o
o
l
(ES
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T
T
)
in
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u
n
is
,
T
u
n
isia
.
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h
a
s
n
u
m
e
ro
u
s
p
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b
li
c
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ti
o
n
s o
n
d
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t
c
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tro
l
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c
h
ro
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s
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n
d
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d
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m
a
c
h
in
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s.
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is
re
se
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rc
h
f
ield
s
in
c
l
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d
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m
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d
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li
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g
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n
d
sim
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latio
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tri
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s,
p
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rg
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.
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is
a
re
sp
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sib
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of
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on
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w
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rg
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a
p
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c
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ti
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in
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lab
o
ra
to
ry
.
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c
a
n
be
c
o
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tac
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a
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m
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f
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.
b
a
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a
@e
s
s
t
t
.
r
n
u
.
t
n
.
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