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o
f
n
ati
v
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
u
s
i
n
g
cr
o
s
s
-
p
lat
f
o
r
m
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
,
u
n
lo
ck
in
g
t
h
eir
p
o
ten
tial
to
d
r
iv
e
b
r
o
ad
er
r
ea
ch
,
s
u
p
er
io
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
an
d
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
i
n
n
o
v
atio
n
in
t
h
e
e
v
er
-
ev
o
lv
i
n
g
lan
d
s
ca
p
e
o
f
ap
p
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t [
5
]
.
a.
C
o
m
p
ar
ativ
e
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
ap
p
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t t
y
p
e
s
C
r
o
s
s
-
p
latf
o
r
m
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
e
n
co
m
p
as
s
es
d
i
v
er
s
e
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
ai
m
ed
at
cr
ea
tin
g
ap
p
lic
atio
n
s
th
at
s
ea
m
le
s
s
l
y
o
p
er
ate
ac
r
o
s
s
m
u
l
tip
le
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
an
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
co
n
tin
g
e
n
t
u
p
o
n
s
p
ec
if
ic
p
r
o
j
ec
t
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
,
th
e
p
r
o
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
tea
m
,
an
d
th
e
d
esire
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
i
v
e
b
r
ea
k
d
o
w
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
in
cip
al
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
cr
o
s
s
-
p
lat
f
o
r
m
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
[
6
]
.
T
ab
le
1
p
r
e
s
en
t
s
a
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
a
n
al
y
s
is
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
t
y
p
es
o
f
ap
p
d
ev
el
o
p
m
e
n
t,
in
c
lu
d
i
n
g
Nativ
e
ap
p
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
H
y
b
r
id
ap
p
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
P
r
o
g
r
ess
i
v
e
W
eb
ap
p
s
(
P
W
A
s
)
,
C
lo
u
d
-
B
ased
ap
p
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t,
a
n
d
lo
w
-
co
d
e/n
o
-
co
d
e
p
latf
o
r
m
s
.
T
ab
le
1
.
C
o
m
p
ar
ativ
e
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
ap
p
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t t
y
p
es
F
e
a
t
u
r
e
N
a
t
i
v
e
a
p
p
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
H
y
b
r
i
d
a
p
p
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
P
W
A
s
C
l
o
u
d
-
b
a
se
d
a
p
p
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
L
o
w
-
c
o
d
e
/
n
o
-
c
o
d
e
p
l
a
t
f
o
r
ms
P
e
r
f
o
r
man
c
e
N
e
a
r
-
n
a
t
i
v
e
M
o
d
e
r
a
t
e
L
o
w
e
r
N
a
t
i
v
e
-
l
i
k
e
(
d
e
p
e
n
d
s o
n
i
mp
l
e
me
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
)
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
U
se
r
e
x
p
e
r
i
e
n
c
e
N
a
t
i
v
e
-
l
i
k
e
N
a
t
i
v
e
-
l
i
k
e
w
i
t
h
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
l
i
mi
t
a
t
i
o
n
s
N
a
t
i
v
e
-
l
i
k
e
b
r
o
w
s
e
r
e
x
p
e
r
i
e
n
c
e
D
e
p
e
n
d
s o
n
p
l
a
t
f
o
r
m
i
mp
l
e
me
n
t
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t
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o
n
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
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t
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me
F
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st
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se
F
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p
me
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F
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M
o
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p
me
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C
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sab
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h
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h
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d
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v
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k
e
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d
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s o
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p
l
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t
f
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m i
m
p
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me
n
t
a
t
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n
)
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i
mi
t
e
d
O
f
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f
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n
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t
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n
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t
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mi
t
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d
V
a
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a
b
l
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A
v
a
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b
l
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Y
e
s,
w
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t
h
c
a
c
h
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n
g
V
a
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a
b
l
e
P
l
a
t
f
o
r
m
su
p
p
o
r
t
A
l
l
maj
o
r
p
l
a
t
f
o
r
ms
A
l
l
maj
o
r
p
l
a
t
f
o
r
ms
W
e
b
b
r
o
w
se
r
s
A
l
l
p
l
a
t
f
o
r
ms
M
o
st
p
l
a
t
f
o
r
ms
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
e
x
p
e
r
t
i
se
R
e
q
u
i
r
e
s fami
l
i
a
r
i
t
y
w
i
t
h
f
r
a
me
w
o
r
k
s a
n
d
n
a
t
i
v
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
M
o
d
e
r
a
t
e
w
e
b
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
s
k
i
l
l
s
W
e
b
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
sk
i
l
l
s
B
a
c
k
e
n
d
a
n
d
c
l
o
u
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
s
k
i
l
l
s
L
i
mi
t
e
d
c
o
d
i
n
g
e
x
p
e
r
i
e
n
c
e
T
ab
le
1
c
o
m
p
ar
es
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
u
s
er
ex
p
er
ien
ce
,
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
ti
m
e,
a
n
d
o
th
er
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
f
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
ap
p
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
Nat
iv
e
ap
p
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
ac
h
iev
e
s
n
ea
r
-
n
a
tiv
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
u
s
e
r
ex
p
er
ien
ce
,
b
u
t
r
eq
u
ir
es
co
d
e
r
eu
s
e
a
n
d
ex
p
er
tis
e.
H
y
b
r
id
ap
p
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
v
id
es
m
o
d
er
ate
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
u
s
er
ex
p
er
ien
ce
w
it
h
s
o
m
e
li
m
itatio
n
s
,
an
d
h
as
a
f
as
ter
in
itial
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
ti
m
e.
P
r
o
g
r
ess
i
v
e
w
eb
ap
p
s
h
av
e
lo
w
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
u
s
er
e
x
p
er
ien
ce
t
h
at
d
ep
en
d
o
n
t
h
eir
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
,
a
n
d
a
r
e
th
e
f
aste
s
t
o
p
tio
n
to
d
ev
elo
p
.
C
lo
u
d
-
b
ased
ap
p
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
h
a
s
v
ar
iab
le
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
u
s
er
ex
p
er
ien
ce
th
at
d
ep
en
d
o
n
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
,
an
d
h
a
s
a
m
o
d
er
ate
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
ti
m
e.
L
o
w
-
co
d
e/
n
o
-
co
d
e
p
latf
o
r
m
s
h
a
v
e
v
ar
iab
le
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
u
s
er
ex
p
er
ien
ce
,
a
n
d
o
f
f
er
t
h
e
f
astes
t
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
ti
m
e.
T
ab
le
1
ca
n
h
elp
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
ch
o
o
s
e
a
s
u
itab
le
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
ap
p
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
b.
Su
r
v
e
y
o
f
lead
i
n
g
a
n
d
e
m
er
r
g
i
n
g
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
L
et
u
s
n
o
w
e
m
b
ar
k
o
n
an
e
x
p
lo
r
atio
n
o
f
s
p
ec
if
ic
ex
e
m
p
la
r
s
th
at
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
e
th
e
p
o
ten
c
y
o
f
cr
o
s
s
-
p
latf
o
r
m
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
f
ac
ilit
a
t
ed
b
y
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
.
R
ea
c
t
Na
t
iv
e
:
en
d
o
r
s
e
d
b
y
F
a
c
e
b
o
o
k
,
R
ea
c
t
N
a
tiv
e
h
a
r
n
e
s
s
es
t
h
e
p
r
o
w
ess
o
f
J
a
v
aS
c
r
i
p
t
a
n
d
R
e
a
ct
,
th
e
r
e
b
y
en
d
o
w
in
g
a
s
e
n
s
e
o
f
f
am
i
li
a
r
i
ty
f
o
r
w
e
b
d
ev
e
l
o
p
e
r
s
a
l
o
n
g
s
i
d
e
a
c
c
e
s
s
t
o
a
n
ex
p
a
n
s
iv
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
ty
.
N
o
t
e
w
o
r
th
y
a
p
p
l
ic
a
t
i
o
n
s
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
d
w
it
h
R
e
a
ct
N
a
t
iv
e
i
n
c
lu
d
e
F
ac
e
b
o
o
k
,
I
n
s
t
ag
r
am
,
an
d
B
l
o
o
m
b
e
r
g
.
F
ig
u
r
e
1
a
r
ch
i
te
c
tu
r
es
o
f
F
lu
tt
e
r
an
d
X
am
a
r
in
;
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
a
)
f
l
o
w
ch
a
r
t
o
f
R
e
a
ct
Na
t
iv
e
a
r
c
h
it
e
c
tu
r
e
an
d
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
f
l
o
w
ch
a
r
t
o
f
Xam
a
r
in
a
r
ch
i
t
ec
tu
r
e
s
h
o
w
s
a
f
l
o
w
ch
a
r
t
i
l
lu
s
t
r
a
tin
g
t
h
e
b
as
i
c
o
v
e
r
v
i
e
w
o
f
R
e
a
c
t
N
a
t
iv
e
a
r
ch
i
t
e
ctu
r
e
b
etw
e
en
n
a
t
iv
e
m
o
d
u
l
es
an
d
J
a
v
aS
c
r
i
p
t
d
u
r
in
g
a
p
p
l
i
c
at
i
o
n
ex
e
cu
t
i
o
n
[
7
]
,
[
8
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
a)
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
s
h
ar
ed
b
y
Flu
tter
an
d
Xa
m
ar
i
n
,
co
n
s
is
t
in
g
o
f
th
r
ee
k
e
y
s
ec
tio
n
s
:
Nati
v
e,
B
r
id
g
e,
an
d
J
av
aScr
ip
t.
I
n
th
is
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
th
e
Nati
v
e
s
eg
m
e
n
t
m
a
n
a
g
es
p
latf
o
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m
-
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
UI
an
d
ev
e
n
ts
,
w
h
ile
th
e
B
r
id
g
e
f
ac
ilit
ates
s
ea
m
less
co
m
m
u
n
ic
atio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
Nati
v
e
an
d
J
av
a
Scr
ip
t
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
.
T
h
e
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a.
Utilizatio
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m
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ic
s
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ea
ct
Nativ
e
:
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ith
t
h
e
lar
g
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d
ev
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s
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esp
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ter
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ich
w
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lib
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a
r
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a
n
d
h
o
t
r
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n
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n
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lit
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o
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en
d
s
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h
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a
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s
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g
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ter
e
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t
in
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tter
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m
p
ar
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to
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ea
ct
Nat
iv
e
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m
ar
i
n
:
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h
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ill
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o
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u
lar
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m
o
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g
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ar
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g
r
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w
th
la
g
s
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d
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u
tter
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e
v
er
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its
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s
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n
d
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r
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n
w
it
h
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u
al
St
u
d
io
r
em
ai
n
attr
ac
ti
v
e.
−
.
NE
T
MA
UI
:
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a
n
e
w
co
m
er
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co
m
p
r
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s
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v
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s
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s
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tial
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n
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ar
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ts
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f
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ig
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o
f
c
o
m
m
u
n
it
y
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
,
an
d
u
n
w
av
er
i
n
g
e
m
p
h
asi
s
o
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
s
ec
u
r
it
y
,
an
d
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
.
D
e
v
elo
p
er
s
s
tan
d
p
o
is
ed
to
h
ar
n
ess
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tiv
e
p
o
ten
tia
l
o
f
cr
o
s
s
-
p
latf
o
r
m
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
,
u
s
h
er
i
n
g
in
t
h
e
d
a
w
n
o
f
i
n
n
o
v
ati
v
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
Ou
r
e
x
p
lo
r
atio
n
i
n
to
th
e
.
NE
T
M
A
UI
,
Xa
m
ar
in
,
R
ea
ct
Na
tiv
e
,
an
d
Fl
u
tter
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
h
a
s
p
r
o
v
id
ed
v
alu
ab
le
i
n
s
ig
h
t
s
i
n
to
th
eir
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
t
ics.
A
ll
th
ese
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
e
x
h
ib
it
e
f
f
icien
t
m
e
m
o
r
y
a
n
d
C
P
U
u
s
ag
e,
w
it
h
.
NE
T
MA
U
I
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
m
o
r
e
o
p
tim
izat
io
n
f
o
r
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ices.
T
h
e
f
r
a
m
e
r
ate
o
f
4
F
P
S
f
o
r
b
o
th
.
NE
T
MA
UI
a
n
d
Xa
m
ar
i
n
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
,
a
s
o
b
s
er
v
ed
i
n
th
e
Ga
m
e
o
f
L
i
f
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
,
is
b
y
d
esi
g
n
a
n
d
d
o
es
n
o
t in
d
icate
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
is
s
u
e
s
.
I
n
to
d
ay
’
s
i
n
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
r
ea
l
m
,
th
e
i
m
p
er
at
iv
e
o
f
e
n
g
a
g
in
g
d
iv
er
s
e
a
u
d
ien
ce
s
ac
r
o
s
s
m
u
ltip
le
p
latf
o
r
m
s
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es
t
h
e
q
u
in
te
s
s
e
n
ce
o
f
ap
p
s
u
cc
es
s
.
C
r
o
s
s
-
p
latf
o
r
m
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t,
ep
ito
m
ized
b
y
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
s
u
c
h
as
R
ea
ct
Nat
iv
e
,
Fl
u
tter
,
Xa
m
ar
in
,
a
n
d
th
e
f
led
g
l
in
g
.
NE
T
MA
UI
,
e
m
er
g
es
as
a
co
m
p
ell
in
g
s
o
lu
tio
n
,
e
m
p
o
w
er
i
n
g
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
to
m
a
n
i
f
est
t
h
e
eth
o
s
o
f
“
w
r
ite
o
n
ce
,
r
u
n
an
y
w
h
er
e
”
w
it
h
a
s
e
m
b
lan
ce
o
f
n
ea
r
-
n
ati
v
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
e
f
f
icac
y
.
Ou
r
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
tr
a
v
er
s
ed
t
h
e
m
y
r
iad
a
v
en
u
e
s
o
f
cr
o
s
s
-
p
lat
f
o
r
m
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
d
elin
ea
t
in
g
th
e
m
er
its
an
d
n
u
a
n
ce
s
o
f
ea
c
h
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
W
e
v
en
tu
r
ed
i
n
to
t
h
e
r
ea
l
m
s
o
f
p
o
p
u
lar
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
,
ill
u
m
i
n
ati
n
g
th
e
ir
u
n
iq
u
e
s
tr
en
g
th
s
,
u
ti
lizatio
n
m
etr
ics,
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
ev
al
u
atio
n
s
,
an
d
r
ea
l
-
w
o
r
ld
tr
iu
m
p
h
s
w
itn
e
s
s
ed
in
th
e
li
k
es
o
f
Face
b
o
o
k
,
A
l
ib
ab
a,
an
d
Ub
er
E
ats.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
w
e
ca
s
t
a
g
az
e
in
to
th
e
v
is
ta
o
f
to
m
o
r
r
o
w
,
en
v
is
io
n
in
g
s
tr
id
es
in
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
p
ti
m
i
za
tio
n
,
in
te
g
r
atio
n
w
it
h
n
a
s
ce
n
t
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
s
u
c
h
as
ar
ti
f
ic
ial
in
tel
lig
e
n
ce
(
A
I
)
an
d
I
o
T
,
an
d
th
e
p
er
p
etu
al
d
em
o
cr
at
izatio
n
o
f
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
r
e
f
in
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
to
o
ls
.
T
h
e
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
o
u
r
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
.
NE
T
MA
UI
,
Xa
m
ar
in
,
R
ea
ct
Na
tiv
e
,
an
d
Flu
t
ter
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
en
r
ic
h
es
th
i
s
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
.
Un
d
er
s
ta
n
d
in
g
th
e
co
n
te
m
p
o
r
ar
y
lan
d
s
ca
p
e,
th
e
laten
t
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
ea
ch
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
,
a
n
d
th
e
ex
h
ilar
ati
n
g
v
is
ta
s
o
n
th
e
h
o
r
izo
n
eq
u
ip
s
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
to
o
r
ch
estra
te
j
u
d
icio
u
s
d
ec
is
io
n
s
an
d
h
ar
n
es
s
th
is
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
to
f
as
h
io
n
h
ig
h
-
ca
lib
er
,
ad
ap
tab
l
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
th
at
r
eso
n
ate
w
it
h
b
r
o
ad
er
au
d
ien
ce
s
an
d
e
n
g
e
n
d
er
s
u
p
er
lati
v
e
u
s
er
ex
p
er
ie
n
ce
s
.
C
r
o
s
s
-
p
latf
o
r
m
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
t
r
an
s
ce
n
d
s
th
e
r
ea
l
m
o
f
tr
an
s
i
en
t
tr
en
d
s
;
it
e
m
er
g
e
s
as
a
n
o
m
n
ip
o
ten
t
to
o
l
s
cu
lp
tin
g
t
h
e
tr
aj
ec
to
r
y
o
f
ap
p
cr
ea
tio
n
.
A
s
w
e
m
o
v
e
f
o
r
w
ar
d
,
th
e
ch
o
ice
b
et
w
ee
n
.
NE
T
MA
UI
,
Xa
m
ar
i
n
,
R
ea
ct
Nativ
e
,
an
d
Flu
tter
w
ill
d
ep
en
d
o
n
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
f
th
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
an
d
th
e
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
it
is
i
n
te
n
d
ed
to
r
u
n
o
n
.
A
ll
th
e
s
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
,
b
ein
g
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
b
r
o
ad
er
ec
o
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
cr
o
s
s
-
p
latf
o
r
m
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
s
h
ar
e
m
an
y
f
ea
tu
r
e
s
an
d
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies,
w
h
ic
h
co
u
ld
m
ak
e
tr
a
n
s
it
io
n
in
g
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
m
ea
s
ier
if
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
.
T
h
is
f
le
x
i
b
ilit
y
an
d
ad
ap
tab
ilit
y
ar
e
w
h
at
m
a
k
e
cr
o
s
s
-
p
latf
o
r
m
d
ev
el
o
p
m
e
n
t
a
p
o
w
er
f
u
l
to
o
l in
th
e
h
a
n
d
s
o
f
d
e
v
elo
p
er
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
C
.
R
i
e
g
e
r
a
n
d
T.
A.
M
a
j
c
h
r
z
a
k
,
“
T
o
w
a
r
d
s
t
h
e
d
e
f
i
n
i
t
i
v
e
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
c
r
o
ss
-
p
l
a
t
f
o
r
m
a
p
p
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
e
s
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
y
st
e
m
s
a
n
d
S
o
f
t
w
a
re
,
v
o
l
.
1
5
3
,
p
p
.
1
7
5
–
1
9
9
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
j
ss.
2
0
1
9
.
0
4
.
0
0
1
.
[
2
]
M.
Q
.
H
u
y
n
h
,
P
.
G
h
i
mi
r
e
,
a
n
d
D
.
T
r
u
o
n
g
,
“
H
y
b
r
i
d
A
p
p
A
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
:
C
o
u
l
d
I
t
M
a
r
k
t
h
e
En
d
o
f
N
a
t
i
v
e
A
p
p
D
o
mi
n
a
t
i
o
n
?
,
”
I
ssu
e
s i
n
I
n
f
o
rm
i
n
g
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
I
n
f
o
rm
a
t
i
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
1
4
,
p
p
.
0
4
9
–
0
6
5
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
2
8
9
4
5
/
3
7
2
3
.
[
3
]
T
.
A
.
M
a
j
c
h
r
z
a
k
,
A
.
B
i
ø
r
n
-
H
a
n
se
n
,
a
n
d
T.
-
M
.
G
r
ø
n
l
i
,
“
P
r
o
g
r
e
ssi
v
e
W
e
b
A
p
p
s:
T
h
e
D
e
f
i
n
i
t
e
A
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
t
o
C
r
o
ss
-
P
l
a
t
f
o
r
m
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
?
”
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
An
n
u
a
l
H
a
w
a
i
i
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
S
y
s
t
e
m
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
s
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
2
4
2
5
1
/
h
i
c
ss.
2
0
1
8
.
7
1
8
[
4
]
A
.
Y
.
P
c
h
e
l
k
i
n
a
n
d
N.
F
.
G
u
saro
v
a
,
“
C
r
o
ss
-
P
l
a
t
f
o
r
m
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
B
a
se
d
o
n
W
e
b
Te
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
t
o
S
u
p
p
o
r
t
S
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
P
r
o
b
l
e
m
-
O
r
i
e
n
t
e
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
S
y
st
e
ms
,
”
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
s L
a
w
I
n
n
o
v
a
i
o
n
,
1
,
p
p
.
4
1
–
4
7
,
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
7
5
8
6
/
2
7
1
3
-
1
8
7
4
-
2
0
2
2
-
1
-
41
-
47
[
5
]
T
.
G
u
o
,
“
C
l
o
u
d
-
B
a
se
d
o
r
O
n
-
D
e
v
i
c
e
:
A
n
Emp
i
r
i
c
a
l
S
t
u
d
y
o
f
M
o
b
i
l
e
D
e
e
p
I
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
,
”
2
0
1
8
I
EEE
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
C
l
o
u
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
(
I
C
2
E)
,
O
r
l
a
n
d
o
,
F
L
,
U
S
A
,
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
1
8
4
-
1
9
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
C
2
E.
2
0
1
8
.
0
0
0
4
2
.
[
6
]
A.
C
.
B
o
c
k
a
n
d
U
.
F
r
a
n
k
,
“
L
o
w
-
C
o
d
e
P
l
a
t
f
o
r
m
,
”
B
u
si
n
e
ss
&
I
n
f
o
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6
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7
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[
2
8
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3
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[
3
5
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.
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.
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n
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ru
.
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