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[
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[
3
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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T
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m
p
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l
C
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n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
2
3
,
No
.
1
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
20
2
5
:
20
1
-
2
1
0
202
o
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clu
d
e
s
i
n
n
o
v
ati
v
e
e
m
p
lo
y
m
e
n
t o
f
p
r
o
f
ic
ien
t
d
ev
ices,
s
u
ch
as se
n
s
o
r
s
,
GP
S,
r
o
b
o
ts
,
m
o
b
ile
a
p
p
s
,
an
d
u
n
m
an
n
ed
ae
r
ial
v
e
h
icle
(U
A
V
s
)
,
in
co
n
ce
r
t
w
it
h
in
ter
n
e
t
co
n
n
ec
ti
v
it
y
.
I
o
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies h
a
v
e
ad
v
a
n
tag
eo
u
s
l
y
tr
an
s
ce
n
d
ed
d
if
f
er
e
n
t j
o
b
d
o
m
ai
n
s
,
an
d
f
ar
m
i
n
g
h
as n
o
t
b
ee
n
lef
t o
u
t in
t
h
is
s
u
r
g
e.
Far
m
i
n
g
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
ates
w
id
e
ar
r
a
y
s
o
f
ac
ti
v
it
ies,
w
it
h
a
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
it
b
ein
g
r
elian
t
o
n
m
an
u
al
lab
o
r
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
also
jo
b
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
ac
t
iv
i
ties
,
li
k
e
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
tr
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
til
lag
e,
a
n
d
m
il
k
i
n
g
m
ac
h
i
n
e
s
f
o
r
m
il
k
in
g
.
I
o
T
in
ag
r
icu
lt
u
r
e
ca
p
tu
r
es
d
ata
f
r
o
m
f
ar
m
i
n
g
a
ctiv
itie
s
u
s
in
g
d
if
f
er
en
t
d
ev
i
ce
s
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
f
ar
m
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
it
y
.
I
o
T
en
ab
les
f
ar
m
s
to
g
ath
er
d
ata
w
it
h
a
h
i
g
h
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
p
r
ec
is
io
n
i
n
a
v
ar
iet
y
o
f
s
it
u
atio
n
s
,
h
e
lp
in
g
to
m
a
k
e
b
etter
d
ec
is
io
n
s
.
I
o
T
-
d
r
iv
en
d
ec
is
io
n
s
ca
n
ca
u
s
e
an
i
m
p
ac
t
r
an
g
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
o
p
ti
m
a
l
an
d
p
r
ec
is
e
u
s
e
o
f
f
er
tili
ze
r
s
in
t
h
e
p
lan
t
in
g
s
ea
s
o
n
to
au
to
m
atic
d
etec
tio
n
a
n
d
tar
g
eted
tr
ea
t
m
en
t
o
f
d
i
s
ea
s
es
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
ed
y
ie
ld
d
u
r
in
g
h
ar
v
es
t.
Data
th
u
s
g
e
n
er
ated
f
r
o
m
f
ar
m
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
s
h
av
e
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
to
r
ad
ical
l
y
ch
an
g
e
d
ec
is
io
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
u
s
ed
u
p
u
n
til
n
o
w
in
to
p
o
w
er
f
u
l
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
a
n
d
p
r
escr
ip
tio
n
s
f
o
r
r
aisi
n
g
f
ar
m
p
r
o
d
u
cti
v
it
y
.
T
h
e
d
ata
g
ath
er
ed
f
r
o
m
I
o
T
d
ev
ices
in
ag
r
ic
u
lt
u
r
al
f
ar
m
s
,
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
,
en
co
m
p
ass
e
s
b
o
th
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
an
d
u
n
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
ed
d
ata.
Str
u
ct
u
r
ed
d
ata
is
u
s
u
all
y
ti
m
e
-
s
ta
m
p
ed
a
n
d
g
eo
-
lo
ca
ted
d
ata
f
r
o
m
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
y
ie
ld
m
o
n
ito
r
s
,
an
d
o
th
er
p
r
ec
is
io
n
ag
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
w
h
ile
u
n
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
ed
d
ata
c
an
tak
e
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
i
m
ag
e
s
,
g
e
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
(
GI
S
)
m
ap
s
o
f
f
ield
s
,
an
d
r
ec
o
r
d
s
o
f
ag
r
icu
lt
u
r
al
p
r
ac
tices.
W
ith
d
ata
an
al
y
s
is
,
d
ec
is
i
o
n
s
,
an
d
u
lti
m
atel
y
ac
tio
n
s
b
ei
n
g
th
e
m
ai
n
g
o
al,
it
is
a
m
u
s
t
to
h
a
v
e
h
ig
h
-
q
u
a
lit
y
d
ata
a
n
d
a
clea
r
p
lan
f
o
r
u
s
i
n
g
u
p
t
h
e
d
ata
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
l
y
.
H
ig
h
-
q
u
ali
t
y
d
ata
p
air
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
r
ig
h
t a
n
al
y
s
i
s
an
d
s
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
t a
ctio
n
s
ca
n
le
ad
to
in
cr
ea
s
ed
f
ar
m
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
it
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
I
o
T
-
en
ab
led
w
ir
eles
s
s
en
s
o
r
n
et
w
o
r
k
Hig
h
-
q
u
alit
y
d
ata
an
a
l
y
s
is
ca
n
lead
to
d
ec
is
io
n
s
t
h
at
ca
n
b
r
i
n
g
ab
o
u
t
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
c
h
an
g
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
r
esen
t
s
itu
a
tio
n
to
a
d
esire
d
s
itu
atio
n
.
T
h
is
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
w
h
er
e
an
ac
tio
n
ca
u
s
es
a
ch
an
g
e
in
t
h
e
s
tatu
s
o
f
an
en
tit
y
.
T
h
o
u
g
h
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
s
o
lu
tio
n
in
a
s
h
o
r
ter
p
er
io
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
tr
a
d
itio
n
al
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
f
o
r
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
co
m
p
le
x
p
r
o
b
lem
s
,
th
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
b
u
r
d
en
is
m
u
c
h
h
i
g
h
er
.
Si
n
ce
t
h
er
e
is
a
h
u
g
e
a
m
o
u
n
t o
f
d
ata
g
en
er
ated
in
ag
r
ic
u
lt
u
r
al
I
o
T
(
A
I
oT
)
,
a
d
em
a
n
d
is
cr
ea
ted
f
o
r
in
tellig
e
n
t
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
in
g
b
y
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
e
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
Fo
r
lar
g
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
,
it
m
a
y
b
e
th
e
ca
s
e
t
h
at
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
-
e
f
f
icie
n
t
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
m
a
y
tak
e
a
lo
n
g
er
ti
m
e
.
T
h
is
ar
ti
cle
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
se
ctio
n
2
,
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
co
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
o
v
er
v
ie
w
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t
r
esear
ch
in
th
i
s
f
ield
.
Sectio
n
3
,
an
al
y
ze
s
a
n
d
ass
es
s
es
p
r
o
m
in
e
n
t
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
u
s
ed
f
o
r
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t.
Sectio
n
4
,
d
iv
es
in
to
th
e
d
etails
o
f
a
n
e
w
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
(
HO
A
)
,
d
esi
g
n
ed
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
ef
f
icien
c
y
.
Sectio
n
5
,
co
m
p
ar
es
v
ar
io
u
s
o
p
ti
m
izat
io
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
,
d
etail
s
th
e
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
s
e
tu
p
u
s
ed
to
ev
alu
ate
th
e
m
,
an
d
p
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
ac
h
iev
ed
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
in
b
o
t
h
en
er
g
y
a
n
d
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
f
f
icien
c
y
.
Se
ctio
n
6
,
s
u
m
m
ar
ize
s
th
e
k
e
y
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
an
d
m
ai
n
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
d
r
a
w
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
io
n
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t t
h
e
ar
ticle.
2.
L
I
T
E
R
AT
U
RE
SU
RVE
Y
R
eso
u
r
ce
-
e
f
f
ic
ien
t
a
n
d
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
en
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
in
A
I
o
T
is
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
o
p
ti
m
izi
n
g
cr
o
p
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
an
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
I
o
T
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
s
m
ar
t
tech
n
iq
u
es
ca
n
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
t
o
s
u
s
tai
n
ab
le
cr
o
p
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
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t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
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Hyb
r
id
o
p
timiz
a
tio
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a
lg
o
r
ith
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fo
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r
eso
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r
ce
-
efficien
t a
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…
(
Dep
a
R
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ma
c
h
a
n
d
r
a
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h
K
u
ma
r
R
a
ja
)
203
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
b
y
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
o
il
n
u
tr
ie
n
t
s
,
w
ater
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
,
an
d
cli
m
ate
f
l
u
ctu
a
tio
n
s
[
5
]
.
Dee
p
lear
n
in
g
an
d
s
en
s
o
r
d
ata
ca
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
s
o
il
m
o
is
tu
r
e
a
n
d
en
ab
le
r
e
m
e
d
ial
m
ea
s
u
r
es
s
u
c
h
as
ir
r
ig
atio
n
[
6
]
.
W
ir
eless
s
en
s
o
r
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
in
a
g
r
ic
u
lt
u
r
e
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
d
ata
o
n
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
cr
o
p
s
an
d
liv
e
s
to
ck
,
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
e
f
f
icien
t
m
o
n
i
to
r
in
g
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
[
7
]
.
I
n
teg
r
atin
g
I
o
T
,
m
ac
h
i
n
e
lear
n
in
g
,
an
d
d
ata
an
al
y
tics
i
n
to
s
m
ar
t
ag
r
ic
u
lt
u
r
e
ca
n
o
p
ti
m
ize
th
e
f
o
o
d
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
q
u
alit
y
,
an
d
h
elp
f
ar
m
er
s
a
v
o
id
lo
s
s
e
s
[
8
]
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
au
to
m
atic
m
o
n
i
to
r
in
g
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
to
o
ls
u
s
i
n
g
I
o
T
s
y
s
te
m
s
s
u
c
h
as
lo
n
g
r
an
g
e
(
L
o
R
a
)
an
d
A
r
d
u
in
o
ca
n
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
e
o
f
ag
r
icu
l
tu
r
al
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
[
9
]
.
E
f
f
icie
n
t
n
o
d
e
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
d
ata
ag
g
r
eg
atio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
ca
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
u
tili
za
t
io
n
i
n
Ag
r
i
-
I
o
T
(
A
I
oT
)
ap
p
licat
io
n
s
.
T
h
e
S
AR
E
C
p
r
o
to
co
l
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
as
a
clu
s
t
er
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
h
eter
o
g
e
n
eo
u
s
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
,
w
h
ic
h
is
2
5
%
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icie
n
t i
n
en
e
r
g
y
u
t
ilizatio
n
an
d
n
et
w
o
r
k
li
f
eti
m
e
t
h
an
t
h
e
lo
w
-
en
er
g
y
ad
ap
ti
v
e
clu
s
ter
i
n
g
h
i
er
ar
ch
y
(
L
E
AC
H
)
p
r
o
to
co
l
[
1
0
]
.
A
n
au
to
m
ated
A
I
o
T
s
y
s
te
m
is
d
esig
n
ed
to
o
p
tim
ize
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
n
at
u
r
al
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
li
k
e
w
ater
a
n
d
s
o
lar
e
n
er
g
y
w
h
ile
p
r
ev
e
n
ti
n
g
th
e
o
v
er
u
s
e
o
f
e
lectr
icit
y
an
d
w
ater
[
1
1
]
.
A
n
I
o
T
-
b
ased
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
is
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
to
au
to
m
ate
ir
r
ig
atio
n
b
ased
o
n
s
o
il
m
o
is
t
u
r
e,
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e,
an
d
h
u
m
id
it
y
le
v
els,
ai
m
in
g
to
s
av
e
w
ater
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
[
1
2
]
,
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
C
u
l
tiv
Data
p
lat
f
o
r
m
i
n
te
g
r
ate
s
I
o
T
d
ev
ices
an
d
o
p
en
d
ata
s
o
u
r
ce
s
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
in
g
i
n
a
g
r
ic
u
lt
u
r
e,
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
p
r
o
d
u
ct
q
u
alit
y
a
n
d
f
ar
m
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
it
y
[
1
4
]
.
Me
tah
eu
r
is
tic
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ap
p
lied
in
A
I
o
T
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
v
ar
io
u
s
as
p
ec
ts
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
O
n
e
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
h
y
b
r
id
m
eta
h
eu
r
i
s
t
ic
alg
o
r
it
h
m
,
w
h
a
le
o
p
tim
izatio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
(
W
O
A)
w
ith
s
i
m
u
lated
an
n
ea
li
n
g
(
S
A
)
,
to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
in
t
h
e
I
o
T
n
et
w
o
r
k
a
n
d
s
elec
t
th
e
o
p
ti
m
al
cl
u
s
ter
h
ea
d
(
C
H
)
[
1
5
]
.
A
n
o
th
er
s
tu
d
y
i
n
v
esti
g
ated
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
d
ata
r
ed
u
ctio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
f
o
r
o
p
ti
m
iz
in
g
I
o
T
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
in
s
m
ar
t
ag
r
icu
lt
u
r
e,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
s
a
m
p
li
n
g
,
q
u
an
tizat
io
n
,
an
d
d
ed
u
p
licatio
n
[
1
6
]
.
A
d
d
itio
n
ally
,
a
s
w
ar
m
-
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
I
o
T
w
a
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
t
o
ch
o
o
s
e
s
ec
u
r
e
C
H
an
d
en
s
u
r
e
ef
f
icie
n
t d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
i
n
an
I
o
T
-
b
ased
ag
r
icu
l
tu
r
e
w
ir
eles
s
s
en
s
o
r
n
et
w
o
r
k
[
1
7
]
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
a
tu
to
r
ial
p
ap
er
p
r
o
v
id
ed
an
in
-
d
ep
th
o
v
er
v
ie
w
o
f
r
o
u
tin
g
ar
ch
itect
u
r
es,
p
r
o
to
co
ls
,
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
p
tim
izatio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
in
A
I
o
T
,
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
t
h
e
s
p
ec
i
f
i
c
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
a
n
d
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
o
f
t
h
e
ag
r
ic
u
lt
u
r
al
s
etti
n
g
[
1
8
]
.
Fin
a
ll
y
,
a
n
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
s
er
v
ice
co
s
t
w
as
estab
lis
h
ed
,
an
d
a
co
l
lab
o
r
ativ
e
Mu
lt
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
as
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
in
tellig
e
n
t
ag
r
ic
u
lt
u
r
al
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
er
v
ices
in
th
e
I
o
T
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
b
ein
g
ad
d
r
ess
ed
i
s
a
m
in
i
m
iz
atio
n
o
f
co
s
t
o
v
er
a
co
n
s
tr
ain
ed
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
r
eg
io
n
.
A
g
e
n
etic
al
g
o
r
ith
m
ca
n
b
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
o
n
s
u
c
h
a
p
r
o
b
lem
d
u
e
to
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
en
co
d
e
n
o
n
-
b
i
n
ar
y
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
as
p
en
alt
y
f
u
n
c
tio
n
s
an
d
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
r
ep
air
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
lied
w
i
th
i
n
a
n
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
g
en
er
atio
n
a
n
d
at
th
e
en
d
.
3.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
o
co
m
p
ar
e
HO
A
w
ith
e
x
is
ti
n
g
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
,
it
i
s
n
ec
e
s
s
ar
y
to
ev
alu
ate
t
h
e
s
tr
en
g
t
h
s
a
n
d
w
ea
k
n
ess
e
s
o
f
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
estab
li
s
h
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
s
ec
t
io
n
d
is
cu
s
s
es
a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
th
e
s
tr
en
g
th
s
a
n
d
w
ea
k
n
es
s
es
o
f
a
n
t
co
lo
n
y
o
p
ti
m
izat
io
n
(
A
C
O
)
,
w
h
ic
h
is
a
t
y
p
ical
al
g
o
r
ith
m
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
s
o
lv
in
g
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
b
y
s
i
m
u
lati
n
g
t
h
e
n
at
u
r
al
ac
tiv
i
ties
o
f
an
t c
o
lo
n
ies.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
ex
is
ti
n
g
liter
at
u
r
e,
AC
O
s
h
o
w
s
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es
in
ter
m
s
o
f
g
lo
b
al
o
p
ti
m
izat
io
n
,
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
an
d
m
o
d
u
lar
o
p
t
i
m
izatio
n
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
,
an
d
a
u
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
2
0
]
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
t
h
i
s
k
in
d
o
f
alg
o
r
ith
m
r
eq
u
ir
es
ex
ten
s
i
v
e
m
e
m
o
r
y
an
d
co
m
p
u
t
atio
n
al
ef
f
o
r
ts
,
an
d
it
is
m
o
r
e
s
u
itab
le
to
s
o
lv
e
s
to
ch
a
s
tic
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
T
h
en
co
m
es
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ex
is
t
i
n
g
al
g
o
r
ith
m
g
e
n
etic
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
(
GA
)
,
w
h
ic
h
is
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
th
eo
r
y
o
f
n
a
tu
r
al
s
elec
tio
n
a
n
d
ev
o
lu
tio
n
.
C
o
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
th
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
AC
O,
G
A
h
a
s
a
w
id
er
ad
ap
tatio
n
f
o
r
s
o
lv
i
n
g
co
m
b
i
n
ato
r
ial
an
d
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
d
u
e
to
its
s
o
p
h
is
ti
ca
ted
an
d
in
tellig
e
n
t
g
en
e
tic
o
p
er
ato
r
s
.
H
o
w
ev
er
,
u
n
d
er
t
h
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
s
i
tu
atio
n
,
t
h
e
m
ai
n
d
r
a
w
b
ac
k
o
f
G
A
is
th
e
r
elativ
el
y
h
ig
h
d
e
m
an
d
f
o
r
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
e
f
f
o
r
t
an
d
m
e
m
o
r
y
s
p
ac
e,
an
d
it
is
n
o
t
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
o
p
ti
m
i
za
tio
n
p
r
ac
tices w
h
ic
h
r
eq
u
ir
e
h
ig
h
ef
f
ic
ien
c
y
a
n
d
r
eliab
le
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
th
e
s
a
m
e
p
r
o
b
lem
i
s
f
ac
ed
in
p
ar
tic
le
s
w
ar
m
o
p
ti
m
iza
tio
n
(
P
SO
)
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
P
SO is a
p
o
p
u
latio
n
-
b
ased
s
to
ch
a
s
tic
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
an
d
it
is
a
k
in
d
o
f
s
w
ar
m
i
n
telli
g
en
ce
tech
n
iq
u
e.
I
t
h
a
s
b
ee
n
ex
te
n
s
i
v
el
y
s
t
u
d
ied
an
d
w
id
el
y
r
ec
o
g
n
iz
ed
b
y
r
esea
r
ch
er
s
an
d
ex
p
er
ts
i
n
th
e
f
ie
ld
o
f
o
p
tim
iza
tio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
e
g
o
o
d
th
i
n
g
ab
o
u
t
P
SO
i
s
it
s
s
i
m
p
le
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
j
u
s
t lik
e
t
h
e
i
n
h
er
en
t
d
e
f
ec
ts
in
A
C
O
an
d
G
A
,
P
SO
al
s
o
h
a
s
it
s
m
ai
n
li
m
ita
tio
n
s
-
it
i
s
q
u
ite
ea
s
y
f
o
r
th
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
to
f
all
i
n
to
l
o
ca
l
o
p
ti
m
a
an
d
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
p
ar
am
eter
s
c1
an
d
c2
is
n
o
t stra
ig
h
tf
o
r
w
ar
d
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
k
in
d
s
o
f
o
p
tim
iza
tio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
Fi
n
all
y
,
th
e
liter
at
u
r
e
r
ev
ie
w
d
is
cu
s
s
e
s
a
b
r
ief
d
r
a
w
b
ac
k
o
f
a
r
ti
f
ici
al
b
ee
co
lo
n
y
(
A
B
C
)
.
A
B
C
i
s
a
r
elativ
el
y
n
e
w
,
p
o
p
u
latio
n
-
ba
s
ed
s
to
ch
ast
ic
o
p
tim
izatio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
.
J
u
s
t
lik
e
AC
O,
it
i
s
f
ea
tu
r
ed
b
y
s
u
p
er
io
r
s
w
ar
m
in
d
ep
en
d
en
ce
an
d
in
tr
i
n
s
ic
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
[
2
3
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
m
ai
n
d
r
a
w
b
ac
k
o
f
A
B
C
is
it
s
s
lo
w
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
s
p
ee
d
,
an
d
it
is
d
if
f
ic
u
lt
to
b
alan
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
an
d
e
x
p
lo
itati
o
n
ab
ilit
ies
.
W
h
e
n
r
ev
ie
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
tr
en
g
t
h
s
a
n
d
wea
k
n
e
s
s
e
s
o
f
all
e
s
tab
lis
h
ed
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
,
i
t
is
n
o
te
w
o
r
th
y
t
h
at
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
s
h
o
w
t
h
eir
u
n
iq
u
e
ad
v
an
tag
e
s
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
k
i
n
d
s
o
f
o
p
ti
m
iza
tio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
HO
A
in
teg
r
ate
s
th
e
m
er
its
o
f
ex
i
s
ti
n
g
p
r
o
m
i
n
e
n
t a
lg
o
r
ith
m
s
a
n
d
eli
m
in
a
tes t
h
e
p
r
ev
alen
ce
o
f
ce
r
tai
n
li
m
itat
io
n
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
2
3
,
No
.
1
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
20
2
5
:
20
1
-
2
1
0
204
3
.1
.
P
r
o
po
s
ed
hy
brid o
pti
m
i
za
t
io
n a
lg
o
ri
t
h
m
T
h
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
a
HOA
in
v
o
lv
es
t
h
e
in
te
g
r
atio
n
o
f
m
u
l
ti
p
le
o
p
tim
izatio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
to
ad
d
r
ess
co
m
p
le
x
c
h
allen
g
e
s
m
o
r
e
ef
f
e
ctiv
el
y
.
I
n
t
h
e
co
n
te
x
t
o
f
e
n
h
a
n
cin
g
e
n
er
g
y
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
i
n
A
I
o
T
,
HOA
co
m
b
i
n
e
s
th
e
s
tr
en
g
t
h
s
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
o
p
ti
m
izat
io
n
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
A
C
O,
GA
,
P
SO,
an
d
A
B
C
,
to
cr
ea
te
a
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
an
d
v
er
s
atile
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
.
HOA
le
v
er
ag
e
s
th
e
s
t
r
en
g
t
h
s
o
f
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
o
p
ti
m
izat
io
n
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
s
u
c
h
as
A
C
O,
G
A
,
P
SO,
an
d
A
B
C
to
cr
ea
te
a
r
o
b
u
s
t
a
n
d
v
er
s
atile
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
E
ac
h
al
g
o
r
ith
m
b
r
in
g
s
its
u
n
iq
u
e
ex
p
er
tis
e
:
A
C
O
ef
f
icie
n
tl
y
e
x
p
lo
r
es
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s
an
d
ex
ce
ls
at
g
lo
b
al
s
ea
r
ch
,
GA
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
ad
ap
tab
ilit
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
it
s
s
elec
tio
n
,
cr
o
s
s
o
v
er
,
an
d
m
u
tatio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
,
P
SO
o
p
ti
m
ize
s
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
b
y
m
i
m
ic
k
in
g
p
ar
ticle
b
e
h
av
io
r
,
an
d
A
B
C
e
x
p
lo
its
t
h
e
f
o
r
ag
in
g
b
e
h
av
io
r
o
f
b
ee
s
f
o
r
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
p
u
r
p
o
s
es,
d
ea
lin
g
w
it
h
d
is
cr
ete
an
d
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
v
ar
iab
les.
H
OA
d
ev
i
s
es
t
h
ese
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
i
n
a
s
er
ies
o
f
s
tep
s
,
s
tar
tin
g
w
it
h
d
e
f
in
in
g
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
g
o
al
s
an
d
ad
j
u
s
tab
l
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
So
lu
t
io
n
s
ar
e
t
h
en
r
ep
r
ese
n
te
d
as
d
ev
ice
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
d
ec
is
io
n
s
ets,
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
in
itial
izati
o
n
w
it
h
a
d
iv
er
s
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
s
p
ec
if
ic
to
ea
ch
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
At
ea
ch
iter
atio
n
,
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
cr
ea
te
s
o
lu
t
io
n
s
b
ased
o
n
t
h
eir
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
s
,
u
p
d
ate
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
b
ased
o
n
s
o
lu
tio
n
q
u
alit
y
,
a
n
d
b
alan
ce
lo
ca
l
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
w
it
h
g
lo
b
al
u
s
a
g
e.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
tin
u
e
s
u
n
t
il
th
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
r
ea
ch
e
s
o
p
ti
m
al
o
r
n
ea
r
-
o
p
ti
m
a
l
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
s
f
o
r
en
er
g
y
-
e
f
f
icie
n
t
I
o
T
o
p
er
atio
n
s
in
ag
r
icu
l
tu
r
e.
Fi
n
all
y
,
t
h
e
s
o
lu
ti
o
n
s
ar
e
e
v
alu
ated
b
ased
o
n
e
n
er
g
y
e
f
f
icien
c
y
,
d
at
a
q
u
a
lit
y
,
an
d
o
th
er
r
ele
v
an
t
m
etr
ics.
B
y
co
m
b
i
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
tr
en
g
t
h
s
o
f
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
,
HO
A
o
f
f
er
s
s
ev
er
al
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es.
I
t
ex
p
lo
r
es
th
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
p
ac
e
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
i
v
el
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
o
f
ea
ch
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
r
es
u
lti
n
g
in
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
to
w
ar
d
o
p
tim
al
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
in
d
iv
id
u
al
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
HO
A
o
f
f
er
s
a
m
o
r
e
r
o
b
u
s
t
an
d
v
er
s
a
tile
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
tack
li
n
g
c
o
m
p
le
x
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
c
h
alle
n
g
es
in
t
h
e
co
n
te
x
t
o
f
A
I
o
T
.
HOA
r
ep
r
ese
n
ts
a
p
o
wer
f
u
l
to
o
l
f
o
r
i
m
p
r
o
v
in
g
t
h
e
e
n
er
g
y
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
I
o
T
d
ev
ices
w
h
ile
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
r
eliab
ilit
y
a
n
d
q
u
alit
y
o
f
d
a
ta,
co
n
tr
ib
u
ti
n
g
to
s
u
s
ta
in
ab
le
ag
r
ic
u
lt
u
r
al
p
r
ac
tices
a
n
d
ef
f
icie
n
t
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t.
Alg
o
rit
h
m
1.
H
y
brid o
pti
m
iz
a
t
io
n a
lg
o
ri
t
h
m
Da
t
a
:
N
etw
o
r
k
Ter
r
a
in
,
in
itia
l e
n
erg
y,
E
fs
,
E
elec
,
E
a
mp
,
Dc
r
itica
l,
Dma
x
Resul
t
:
b
estS
o
lu
tio
n
,
b
estC
o
s
t,
h
y
b
r
id
Me
tr
ics
1
I
n
itialize
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
an
d
v
ar
ia
b
les
2
-
I
n
itial
ize
b
estS
o
lut
io
n
to
an
e
m
p
t
y
s
o
lu
tio
n
-
I
n
itial
ize
b
estC
o
s
t
to
a
h
ig
h
-
v
alu
e
-
I
n
itial
ize
p
her
o
m
o
neMa
tr
ix
f
o
r
AC
O
-
I
n
itial
ize
p
ar
ticle
p
o
s
itio
n
s
f
o
r
P
SO
-
I
n
itial
ize
p
o
p
u
latio
n
f
o
r
G
A
-
I
n
itial
ize
co
lo
n
y
f
o
r
A
B
C
-
I
n
itial
ize
o
th
er
alg
o
r
it
h
m
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
3
f
o
r
iter
atio
n
←
1
to
h
y
b
r
id
I
tera
tio
n
s
do
4
R
u
n
AC
O
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
to
o
b
tain
a
co
B
estS
o
lut
io
n,
a
co
B
est
C
o
s
t
5
P
h
er
o
m
o
n
e
Ma
tr
ix
Up
d
ate
←
C
alcu
late
p
h
er
o
m
o
n
e
u
p
d
ates
6
E
nd
f
o
r
7
R
u
n
P
SO
A
lg
o
r
it
h
m
to
o
b
tain
p
s
o
B
estS
o
lu
tio
n,
p
s
o
B
est
C
o
s
t
8
p
ar
ticleUp
d
ateE
q
u
atio
n
(
p
,
d
)
9
p
ar
ticleVe
lo
cities(p
,
d
)
←
p
ar
t
icleUp
d
ateE
q
u
atio
n
(
p
,
d
)
10
p
ar
ticleP
o
s
itio
n
s
(
p
,
d
)
←
p
a
r
ticleP
o
s
itio
n
s
(
p
,
d
)
+
p
a
r
ticleV
elo
cities(p
,
d
)
11
R
u
n
G
A
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
to
o
b
tain
g
a
B
estS
o
lut
io
n,
g
a
B
es
tC
o
s
t
12
to
u
r
n
a
m
en
tSelectio
n
(
)
,
cr
o
s
s
o
v
er
(
)
,
m
u
tatio
n
(
)
13
R
u
n
A
B
C
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
to
o
b
tain
a
b
cBes
tSo
lut
io
n,
a
b
cBes
t
C
o
s
t
14
co
lo
n
y
Size
←
Size
o
f
t
h
e
b
ee
co
lo
n
y
15
co
lo
n
y
←
I
n
i
tialize
b
ee
co
lo
n
y
16
C
o
m
b
i
n
e
th
e
r
es
u
lt
s
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
tr
ate
g
y
17
h
y
b
r
id
B
estS
o
l
u
tio
n
=
C
o
m
b
in
eSo
lu
tio
n
s
(
A
C
O,
P
SO,
GA
,
A
B
C
)
18
h
y
b
r
id
B
estC
o
s
t =
C
o
s
tF
u
n
ctio
n
(
)
19
if
h
y
b
r
id
B
estC
o
s
t <
b
est
C
o
s
t
t
hen
20
b
estS
o
lu
tio
n
←
h
y
b
r
id
B
estS
o
l
u
tio
n
21
b
estC
o
s
t ←
h
y
b
r
id
B
estC
o
s
t
22
end if
23
C
alcu
late
h
y
b
r
id
Me
tr
ics
24
h
y
b
r
id
Me
tr
ics =
C
a
lcu
la
teM
et
r
ics()
25
R
etu
r
n
b
estS
o
lu
tio
n,
b
estC
o
s
t,
hyb
r
id
Me
tr
ics
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
Hyb
r
id
o
p
timiz
a
tio
n
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
fo
r
r
eso
u
r
ce
-
efficien
t a
n
d
…
(
Dep
a
R
a
ma
c
h
a
n
d
r
a
ia
h
K
u
ma
r
R
a
ja
)
205
T
h
e
HOA
p
r
esen
ted
h
er
e
aim
s
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
c
h
alle
n
g
e
s
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
a
n
d
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
e
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
i
n
A
I
o
T
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
co
m
b
i
n
e
s
f
o
u
r
p
r
o
m
in
e
n
t
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
A
C
O,
P
SO,
GA
,
an
d
A
B
C
to
f
in
d
an
o
p
tim
al
s
o
lu
t
io
n
f
o
r
A
I
o
T
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
−
I
n
itializatio
n
:
t
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
in
i
tializes
n
ec
e
s
s
ar
y
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
an
d
v
ar
iab
les,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
th
e
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s
p
ac
e
an
d
alg
o
r
ith
m
-
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
f
o
r
AC
O,
P
SO,
G
A
,
a
nd
A
B
C
.
−
I
ter
ativ
e
op
ti
m
izatio
n
:
a.
AC
O
p
h
a
s
e:
A
C
O
i
s
ex
ec
u
ted
in
ea
ch
iter
atio
n
to
f
i
n
d
th
e
b
es
t
s
o
lu
tio
n
an
d
its
co
s
t.
P
h
er
o
m
o
n
e
u
p
d
ates
ar
e
ca
lcu
lated
to
g
u
id
e
th
e
s
ea
r
c
h
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
b.
P
SO
p
h
ase:
P
SO
is
em
p
lo
y
ed
to
u
p
d
ate
p
ar
ticle
p
o
s
itio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
a
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
eq
u
atio
n
,
o
p
tim
izi
n
g
t
h
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
p
ac
e.
c.
GA
p
h
ase
:
GA
u
t
ilizes
to
u
r
n
a
m
en
t
s
elec
tio
n
,
cr
o
s
s
o
v
er
,
an
d
m
u
tatio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
s
to
ev
o
lv
e
th
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
to
w
ar
d
s
b
etter
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
.
d.
A
B
C
p
h
a
s
e:
A
B
C
is
ex
ec
u
ted
to
ex
p
lo
r
e
th
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
p
ac
e
u
s
i
n
g
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
,
o
n
lo
o
k
er
,
an
d
s
co
u
t
b
ee
s
to
f
i
n
d
o
p
ti
m
al
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
.
e.
H
y
b
r
id
s
tr
ateg
y
:
th
e
r
es
u
lts
f
r
o
m
AC
O,
P
SO,
G
A
,
an
d
A
B
C
a
r
e
co
m
b
in
ed
u
s
i
n
g
a
h
y
b
r
id
s
tr
ateg
y
to
o
b
tain
th
e
b
est
s
o
l
u
tio
n
an
d
it
s
co
s
t.
I
f
t
h
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
o
l
u
tio
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
s
u
p
o
n
t
h
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
b
est
s
o
l
u
tio
n
,
it
is
u
p
d
ated
alo
n
g
w
it
h
it
s
co
s
t.
f.
Me
tr
ics
ca
lcu
lat
io
n
:
a
f
ter
co
m
b
in
in
g
t
h
e
r
esu
l
ts
,
h
y
b
r
id
m
etr
ics
ar
e
ca
lcu
lated
to
ev
al
u
ate
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
alg
o
r
it
h
m
.
g.
Ou
tp
u
t
:
t
h
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
r
etu
r
n
s
th
e
b
est
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
u
n
d
,
its
co
s
t,
an
d
h
y
b
r
id
m
etr
ic
s
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
in
s
ig
h
t
s
i
n
to
th
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
A
I
o
T
s
y
s
te
m
.
3
.2
.
E
nh
a
nced
re
s
o
urce
ef
f
iciency
in
inte
rnet
o
f
t
hin
g
s
ne
t
w
o
rk
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
HOA
alg
o
r
it
h
m
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
en
h
a
n
cin
g
t
h
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
ef
f
icien
c
y
in
th
e
I
o
T
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
R
eso
u
r
ce
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
i
n
t
h
e
I
o
T
n
et
w
o
r
k
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
f
o
c
u
s
e
s
o
n
t
h
e
allo
ca
tio
n
o
f
li
m
ited
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
to
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
er
v
ices
ef
f
ec
ti
v
el
y
.
W
ith
t
h
e
ad
v
en
t
o
f
m
o
r
e
a
n
d
s
m
aller
d
ev
ices,
s
u
c
h
as
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
ac
t
u
ato
r
s
,
b
ein
g
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
t
h
e
I
o
T
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
b
ec
o
m
es
m
o
r
e
ch
al
len
g
i
n
g
.
T
r
ad
itio
n
all
y
,
t
h
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
in
th
e
I
o
T
n
et
w
o
r
k
w
er
e
allo
ca
ted
b
ased
o
n
eith
er
a
s
tatic
m
a
n
n
er
-
u
s
i
n
g
a
p
r
ed
ef
i
n
ed
s
ch
ed
u
le
-
o
r
a
ce
n
tr
alize
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
m
an
n
e
r
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
al
lo
ca
tio
n
d
ec
i
s
io
n
i
s
m
ad
e
b
y
a
ce
n
tr
al
co
n
tr
o
ll
er
b
ased
o
n
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
n
et
w
o
r
k
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
W
ith
s
tat
ic
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
,
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
d
ela
y
i
n
cu
r
r
ed
is
p
r
ed
ictab
le,
b
u
t th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
is
u
n
d
er
-
u
til
ized
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
th
e
s
c
h
ed
u
led
r
eso
u
r
ce
r
e
-
allo
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
a
ce
n
tr
alize
d
m
a
n
n
er
ca
u
s
es
a
lo
n
g
in
itial
d
ela
y
an
d
f
r
eq
u
en
t
d
is
r
u
p
tio
n
to
th
e
n
et
wo
r
k
s
er
v
ices.
T
h
ese
p
r
o
b
lem
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
u
n
r
eso
l
v
ed
f
o
r
a
w
h
ile
u
n
t
il
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
al
o
f
ap
p
l
y
i
n
g
t
h
e
HO
A
al
g
o
r
ith
m
to
r
eso
u
r
ce
ef
f
icien
c
y
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
.
F
ir
s
t
,
th
e
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
I
o
T
n
et
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
is
r
ed
ef
i
n
ed
.
B
y
in
tr
o
d
u
ci
n
g
a
s
er
v
ice
e
n
ca
p
s
u
l
atio
n
an
d
d
ec
o
u
p
lin
g
co
n
tr
o
l
p
lan
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
ata
p
lan
e,
th
e
I
o
T
n
et
w
o
r
k
ca
n
b
e
v
ir
tu
a
ll
y
d
i
v
id
ed
to
s
ev
er
al
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
d
o
m
ain
s
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
E
ac
h
d
o
m
ain
h
as
it
s
d
o
m
ai
n
h
ea
d
an
d
a
d
y
n
a
m
ic
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
an
a
g
er
.
T
h
is
allo
w
s
a
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
m
an
n
e
r
f
o
r
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
HO
A
al
g
o
r
ith
m
as w
e
ll
as
an
is
o
lated
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
f
o
r
th
e
u
s
ag
e
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
ti
o
n
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
:
i
f
o
n
e
s
tr
ate
g
y
f
a
ils
,
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
ca
n
s
till
r
ec
o
n
f
ig
u
r
e
an
d
ad
ap
t
to
t
h
e
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
.
Seco
n
d
l
y
,
t
h
e
HOA
al
g
o
r
ith
m
ca
n
in
itialize
t
h
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
b
ased
o
n
th
e
h
is
to
r
ical
n
et
w
o
r
k
tr
af
f
ic
d
ata
an
d
t
h
e
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
izatio
n
,
s
o
t
h
at
t
h
e
en
er
g
y
w
a
s
te
i
n
th
e
s
tatic
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
ca
n
b
e
lar
g
el
y
r
ed
u
ce
d
.
T
h
ir
d
ly
,
t
h
e
HO
A
al
g
o
r
ith
m
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
s
el
f
-
ad
ap
tiv
e
an
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
allo
ca
tio
n
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
HOA
ca
n
tr
u
l
y
ac
h
ie
v
e
th
e
g
o
al
o
f
o
p
ti
m
izi
n
g
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
b
y
en
s
u
r
in
g
m
in
i
m
u
m
d
ela
y
a
n
d
m
ax
i
m
u
m
u
t
ilizatio
n
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
Fin
all
y
,
as
th
e
co
n
s
tan
t
l
y
c
h
a
n
g
i
n
g
n
et
w
o
r
k
co
n
d
itio
n
s
ar
e
m
o
n
ito
r
ed
an
d
r
ef
lecte
d
in
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
d
ec
is
io
n
,
r
eso
u
r
ce
e
f
f
ici
en
c
y
m
ai
n
ten
a
n
ce
i
n
th
e
lo
n
g
r
u
n
ca
n
b
e
g
u
ar
an
tee
d
.
B
y
allo
w
i
n
g
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
to
ad
ap
t
to
th
e
ch
an
g
es,
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
ca
n
en
g
a
g
e
i
n
s
leep
m
o
d
e
to
s
a
v
e
e
n
er
g
y
o
r
t
o
r
ea
llo
ca
te
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
to
o
t
h
er
ac
tiv
e
s
er
v
ice
s
.
A
ll th
e
s
e
f
ea
t
u
r
es m
a
k
e
t
h
e
H
O
A
alg
o
r
ith
m
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
r
eso
u
r
ce
ef
f
icien
c
y
o
p
ti
m
i
za
tio
n
in
t
h
e
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
I
o
T
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
an
a
l
y
s
is
o
f
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
alg
o
r
i
th
m
s
b
ased
o
n
ev
al
u
atio
n
cr
iter
ia
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
e
tr
ics.
A
lth
o
u
g
h
all
th
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
ar
e
w
ell
e
v
alu
a
ted
b
y
f
o
llo
w
in
g
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es,
th
ese
cr
iter
ia
m
a
y
n
o
t
b
e
d
ir
ec
tly
u
s
ed
in
p
r
ac
tical
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
an
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
alg
o
r
ith
m
p
r
i
m
ar
il
y
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
l
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
te
n
d
ed
ap
p
licatio
n
w
h
ic
h
is
r
e
f
l
e
cted
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
a
n
d
r
esu
l
ts
.
T
h
e
ev
a
lu
at
i
o
n
o
f
o
p
t
im
iz
a
t
i
o
n
alg
o
r
i
t
h
m
s
w
i
th
in
th
e
c
o
n
t
ex
t
o
f
A
I
o
T
d
e
v
i
c
e
s
a
im
e
d
t
o
a
d
d
r
e
s
s
th
e
p
a
r
am
o
u
n
t
ch
a
l
le
n
g
e
o
f
en
h
an
c
in
g
en
e
r
g
y
ef
f
i
c
i
en
cy
w
h
i
l
e
p
r
e
s
e
r
v
in
g
th
e
in
t
eg
r
i
ty
o
f
d
a
ta
c
o
ll
e
c
ti
o
n
a
n
d
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
i
o
n
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
s
e
t
o
f
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
m
e
t
r
i
cs
,
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
iv
en
es
s
o
f
f
iv
e
o
p
t
im
iz
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
g
o
r
ith
m
s
,
n
am
ely
A
C
O
,
GA
,
PS
O
,
A
B
C
,
an
d
HOA
,
w
as
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
ly
a
s
s
es
s
e
d
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
ts
a
n
d
an
aly
s
is
r
ev
e
al
k
ey
in
s
ig
h
t
s
in
t
o
e
a
ch
al
g
o
r
ith
m
’
s
p
e
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4
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in
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ith
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ates
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T
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B
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