Indonesian J our nal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science V ol. 37, No. 3, March 2025, pp. 1476 ∼ 1486 ISSN: 2502-4752, DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v37.i3.pp1476-1486 ❒ 1476 T echT r olley-enhancing the r etail experience Dhananjay Rajendra Cha v an, Roshan Mahade v Sher ekar , Sarthak Pra v een Khudbhaiy e, J aya Zalte Department of Computer Engineering, Shah and Anchor K uchhi Engineering Colle ge, Uni v ersity of Mumbai, Mumbai, India Article Inf o Article history: Recei v ed Jun 28, 2024 Re vised Oct 5, 2024 Accepted Oct 7, 2024 K eyw ords: API ESP32 LCD RFID T echT rolle y ABSTRA CT In the modern era, con v enience and ef cienc y ha v e become essential aspects of daily life, and grocery shopping is no e xception. The traditional shopping e xpe- rience, characterized by long queues and time-consuming check out processes, can be frustrating and inef cient. T o address these challenges, the T echT rol- le y has emer ged as an inno v at i v e solution, le v eraging Bluetooth and radio fre- quenc y identication (RFID) technology to re v olutionize the grocery shopping e xperience. W ith the help of T echT rolle y , customer can seamlessly complete the shopping by scanning and purchasing the products, controlling the trolle y with the use of controller inte grated in application, getting details of the products and price in the application and o v er LCD dis play embedded on the trolle y , complete the check out process at billing counter . W ith the need to implement, we need an RFID tag, ESP32, LCD display , L298N motor dri v er and battery to implement the motion features of a trolle y , database for storing the user and product details, a bridge netw ork through router to establish the netw ork between admin, user and the trolle y in order to in v ok e the real time updates. This is an open access article under the CC BY -SA license . Corresponding A uthor: Dhananjay Rajendra Cha v an Department of Computer Engineering, Shah and Anchor K utchhi Engineering Colle ge Uni v ersity of Mumbai Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Email: dhananjay .cha v an15599@sak ec.ac.in 1. INTR ODUCTION The traditional grocery shopping e xperience is often hindered by long queues, manual billing errors, and inef ciencies that frustrate customers. Despite adv ancements in retail technology , signicant g aps remain in streamli ning the check out process and enhancing the o v erall shopping e xperience. Existing solutions ha v e focused on product scanning techniques such as radio frequenc y identication (RFID), barcodes, and quick response (QR) codes, with impro v ements in automated billing systems and theft pre v ention methods. Ho we v er , these systems often lack comprehensi v e inte gration, leading t o unresolv ed issues in operational ef cienc y , data inte grity , and user con v enience. The inte grated smart trolle y system utilizing Arduino Nano and RFID for automated billing, enhanced by weight sensors to v erify item placement. The inte gration of Arduino microcontrollers allo ws seamless communication between components, while internet of things (IoT) enables real-time data transmission and remote monitoring. Limitations include scalability issues, potential RFID misreads, dependenc y on weight sensor accurac y , and higher costs due to additional hardw are [1]. Mundada et al. [2] proposes s mart trolle y system enhanced with load cell technology for impro v ed item detection and billing accurac y , controlled by Arduino. Some of the disadv antages include high dependenc y on load cell cali bration, potential mechanical f ailures, increased system comple xity , and higher maintenance requirements. J ournal homepage: http://ijeecs.iaescor e .com Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci ISSN: 2502-4752 ❒ 1477 Smart trolle y system using Raspberry Pi and cloud-inte grated wireless sensor netw orks to enhance shopping e xperiences via IoT . Netw ork dependenc y , potential latenc y issues, data pri v ac y concerns, and higher setup costs due to cloud inte gration can deteriorate the operational ef cienc y of the system [3]. RFID-based automatic billing trolle y system, Perumal et al. [4] streamline the supermark et check out process. Limitations include RFID tag collision, limited reader range, potential interference from other elec- tronics, and security concerns re g arding RFID data. This research outlines an IoT -based smart shopping trolle y that uses v arious sensors and IoT technologies for an impro v ed shopping e xperience and automated billing [5]. System that emplo ys QR code mapping for position localization, combined with computer vision and IoT for enhanced functionalit y . Limitations include dependenc y on camera accurac y , potential QR code scanning issues, higher computational requirements, and real-time processing chall enges [6]. IoT -based smart shop- ping trolle ys with automated billing and item detection features to enhance shopping con v enience. Limitations include dependenc y on mobile apps, potential system f ailures, high implementation costs, and inte gration chal- lenges [7], [8]. Smart trolle ys aimed at pre v enting theft and ensuring social distancing, along with inte grating LPG le v el monitoring for safety . Limitations in v olv e high initial costs, potential pri v ac y concerns, dependenc y on continuous monitoring, and inte gration comple xity [9]-[11]. Human-friendly smart trolle ys with automatic billing and e-health inte gration, aiming to enhance shopping ef cienc y and o v erall e xperience. Additionally , mobile applications link ed to these trolle ys pro vide online shopping options, product a v ailability updates, and streamlined payment processes, catering to both in-store and remote shoppers. V arious studies ha v e implemented R FID readers and infrared (IR) sensors to track product addition and remo v al, impro ving both security and con v enience. The use of RFID and ZigBee technology has been utilized to create shopping cart frame w orks that automatically track and char ge items for clients, and a frame w ork utilizing a Raspberry Pi de vice, barcode scanner , and LCD display has been implemented to automate sales, especially during peak times Y ada v et al. [12], Hanooja et al. [13]. Anand et al. [14] present a smart trolle y that follo ws l ines using RFID technology , with a focus on na vig ation and tracking capabilities enhanced by Mecanum wheels for impro v ed mo v ement [15]. Na v eenprab u et al. [16] discuss an IoT -enabled smart trolle y system featuring RFID and Bluetooth for automated billing, direction control, obstacle a v oidance, and inte gration with an Android app. Perarasi et al. [17] introduce a smart billing trolle y that uses IoT technology , incorporating RFID, LCD displays, and limitations include dependence on internet connecti vity , potential direction control f ailures, comple xity in inte gration, and higher costs due to additional hardw are. “Cartsmart, ” a trolle y that follo ws customers using RFID and a Raspberry Pi, displaying information on an LCD to enhance the shopping e xperience [18]. P atel et al. [19] propose an adv anced trolle y system for retail shopping, utilizing RFID and sonar na vig ation to follo w users and a v oid obstac les while maintaining data pri v ac y . An articial intelligence (AI) based trolle y for assisting visually impaired shoppers, incorporating RFID, Bluetooth, and object recognition for impro v ed shopping assistance [20]. Gadg ay et al. [21] create a smart shopping trolle y that uses RFID, Bluetooth, and Arduino UNO for automated mo v ement, displaying information o n an LCD. Sutagundar et al. [22] describe an IoT -based system for shopping malls, em plo ying RFID, ESP8266 W i-Fi, and a central billing unit to enhance the shopping process. Mobile autonomous robotic trolle y for shopping malls, featuring RFID detection and alerts for e xpired products [23]. De vipriya et al. [24] de v elop a smart store assistant for visually impaired customers, combining RF ID technology and a smart glo v e with Bluetooth for enhanced shopping na vig ation. Smart shopping cart equipped with IoT capabilities and a robotic arm, using RFID and a node MCU controller for ef cient na vig ation and item management, f acing challenges lik e robotic precision, mechanical f ailures, and high costs [25]. Challenges remai n with the T echT rolle y syst em, particularly with RFID reliability i n cluttered en vi- ronments and potential Bluetooth connecti vity issues. Existing system possess the capability of storing the limited records and also the security of the system is not upto the mark. The system also lacks scalability for lar ge in v entories and inte gration with e xisting store systems. Future im pro v ement s could address these by enhancing the database accessibility of the information of users being stored, making the contactless payments can play a vitol role in gi ving the optimized services. Also the use of latest technologies in terms of database manipulation in order to create, update and access the T echT rolle y which increases the operational ef cienc y of the system. C o ns idering all the limitations being analyzed and the T echT rolle y interprets the use of API through which the updates can be done within a second. Netw ork de vices such as router can be used as to establish the local connection between the user , admin and the trolle y , utilizing the mean of connection-less services. This system introduces a local serv er for secure user re gistration and check out, real-time API updates, and an automated cart management system using a serv o motor . T ec hT r olle y-enhancing the r etail e xperience (Dhananjay Chavan) Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
1478 ❒ ISSN: 2502-4752 2. METHOD T echT rolle y system be gins with dening syst em requirements and designing the architecture, as de- picted in the pro vided diagram. The k e y components of the system include the ESP32 microcontroller , RFID reader , Bluetooth module, LCD display , b uzzer , motor dri v er , and serv o motors. The hardw are setup in v olv es meticulous wiring and inte gration of these components to ensure seamless operation. While implementing the T echT rolle y , ensuring the right use of hardw are component can lead to the better solution. 2.1. System ar chitectur e ESP32 microcontroller acts as the central controller , recei ving i npu t s from the RFID reader and Blue- tooth module and sending commands to the motor dri v er , serv o motors, LCD display , and b uzzer . RFID reader congured to automatically detect RFID tags attached to products, allo wing for quick and ef cient item scan- ning. Bluetooth module f acilitates communication between the ESP32 and an Android smartphone, enabling remote control of the trolle y via a dedicated app. LCD display: sho ws real-time information, including scanned items and user messages, enhancing the user e xperience. Buzzer pro vides auditory feedback when products are scanned. Motor dri v er and serv o motors control the trolle y’ s mo v ement and the opening/ closing of the cart for product addition/remo v al. Local serv er stores and manages user information, product lists, and purchase histories. Android application interf aces with the trolle y for control and real-time updates. As sho wn in Figures 1 and 2, the T echT rolle y system architecture comprises ESP32, RFID, and Bluetooth modules, inte grated for ef cient functioning as general components and circuit diagram. Figure 1. General components Figure 2. Circuit diagram The T echT rolle y system incorporates a comprehensi v e array of hardw are components m eticulously inte grated to enhance the shopping e xperience. At the heart of the system is the ESP32 microcontroller , serv- ing as the central processing unit. The ESP32 is chosen for its v ersatility , combining W i-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities, which are essential for real-time comm un i cation and control. This microcontroller manages data from v arious sensors and controls the mo v ement of the trolle y . As sho wn in Figures 3 to 5, the syst em hardw are includes the ESP32 microcontroller , L298N motor dri v er , and HC-05 Bluetooth module. Each user is assigned a unique RFID card, which initiates the shopping process by interacting with the RFID reader inte grated into the system. The RFID reader , capable of reading both passi v e and acti v e tags, ensures ef cient and accurate tracking of items placed in t he trolle y . This reader can scan tags without requiring direct line-of-sight, enhancing user con v enience and operational ef cienc y . L298N motor dri v er module can dri v e up to four DC motors or tw o DC motors with directional and speed control, thanks to its L298 motor dri v er IC and 78M05 5V re gulator . The motor dri v er recei v es commands from the ESP32, f acilitating smooth and responsi v e na vig ation of the trolle y . This setup is po wered by a rob ust battery module, ensuring all components function seamlessly throughout the shopping process. The HC-05 Bluetooth module plays a crucial role in f acilitating duple x communication between the user’ s mobile de vice and the trolle y . This module allo ws users to control the trolle y’ s mo v ements through a dedicated mobile application, pro viding commands such as forw ard, backw ard, or turning directions. The real- time interaction between the user and the trolle y is further enhanced by a 16x2 LCD display mounted on the trolle y . Initial ly displaying a “w aiting for user” message, the LC D screen transitions to a personalized welcome message once the user scans their RFID card. It continues to update the user with details of scanned products Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci, V ol. 37, No. 3, March 2025: 1476–1486 Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci ISSN: 2502-4752 ❒ 1479 and the total cost, ensuring constant a w areness of their shopping progress. Additionally , the system includes a b uzzer for auditory feedback when products are scanned, and tw o b uttons for incrementing or decrementing product counts in the cart. A serv o motor is used to control the cart’ s opening and closing mechanism, adding another layer of con v enience for the user . All these components are netw ork ed through a local serv er that stores and manages user information, product lists, and purchase histories. This serv er ensures continuous data synchronization with the mobile application via an API, pro viding a cohesi v e and user -friendly shopping e xperience. The inte gration of these di v erse yet complementary hardw are components is pi v otal in realizing the ef cient and inno v ati v e functionality of the T echT rolle y system. Figure 3. ESP32 microcontroller Figure 4. L298N motor dri v er Figure 5. HC-05 Bluetooth module 2.2. W orking en vir onment The PostgreSQL database en vironment is the backbone of data management in the smart shopping trolle y system. Figure 6 ensures that the database is hosted locally and congured to ensure secure and ef cient data retrie v al. The database is structured to handle v arious entities, including users, products, and transaction records. T ables are created for each entity , with elds corresponding to attrib utes such as user ID, product ID, timestamps, and transactional data. The database is hosted locally and congured to ensure secure and ef cient data retrie v al, insertion, and updates. The use of SQL queries enables precise control o v er data interactions, supporting comple x operations such as product lookup, user v erication, and check out processing. The ask frame w ork w as emplo yed for de v eloping the API, which acts as the intermediary between the user interf ace and the back end database. The API endpoints, sho wn in Figure 7 are designed to handle HTTP requests for v arious operations, including user authentication, product scanning, and transaction completion. The Android appl ication, serving as the user interf ace, interacts with these API endpoints to display rele v ant information on the user’ s de vice. The UI is crafted to be intuiti v e, guiding users through the shopping process with real-time updates on product details, cart contents, and total cost. The seamless in- te gration of the API with the UI ensures that data o ws smoothly between the trolle y , user de vices, and the admin system. Code uploaded o v er ESP32 Through Arduino IDE The ESP32 microcontroller is programmed us- ing the Arduino IDE, which pro vides a user -friendly en vironment for writing and uploading code. The code uploaded to the ESP32 is responsible for managing the trolle y’ s operations, including motor control, RFID scanning, and Bluetooth communication. The Arduino IDE allo ws for easy inte gration of libraries and mod- ules, enabling the ESP32 to interact with v arious hardw are components ef ciently . The code is st ructured in a w ay that ensures t he trolle y responds promptly to user inputs and operates autonomously when required. Deb ugging and iteration through the Arduino IDE also allo w for rapid testing and renement of the trolle y’ s functionalities. T ec hT r olle y-enhancing the r etail e xperience (Dhananjay Chavan) Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
1480 ❒ ISSN: 2502-4752 Figure 6. Database setup Figure 7. API conguration A bridge netw ork setup is implemented to ensure that all de vices within the system such as the ad- min computer , user de vice, and trolle y are connected o v er the same local netw ork. This setup is crucial for maintaining real-time communication between de vices, especially when multiple trolle ys and user de vices are acti v e simultaneously . The bridge netw ork allo ws for seamless data e xchange between the mobile application, the serv er hosting the API, and the ESP32 microcontroller . Conguring the netw ork to support both wired and wireless connections ensures e xibility in deplo yment, while mai ntaining the stability and speed required for the system to function ef fecti v ely in a dynamic shopping en vironment. Figure 8 illustrates the process of user connection and the check out system inte grated within the mobile application. Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci, V ol. 37, No. 3, March 2025: 1476–1486 Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci ISSN: 2502-4752 ❒ 1481 The T echT rolle y be gins with the user logging into the mobile application using their IP address and email. This step initiates the connection between the user’ s mobile de vice and the trolle y . Once logged in, the user is prompted to turn on Bluetooth on their de vice. The application then displays a list of a v ailable de vices, from which the user selects the “HC-05” Bluetooth module associated with the trolle y . The system checks for a successful connection between the mobile de vice and the trolle y . If the connection f ails, the user is prompted to retry . Upon a successful connection, the system displays a “connected successfully” message on the application, indicating that the trolle y is no w ready for operation. Figure 8. User connection and check out W ith the Bluetooth connection established, the user can be gin shopping by scanning items using the RFID reader mounted on the trolle y . Each scanned item is automatically added to the user’ s cart, with the details updated in real-time on the mobile application. The user can control the trolle y’ s mo v ement through the application, allo wing for smooth na vig ation while shopping. The app pro vides a list of all items added to the cart, gi ving the user a clear o v ervie w o f their shopping progress. Once the user completes their shopping, the y proceed to check out by clicking on the “check out” b utton within the application. The system then prompts the user to scan a QR code at the check out counter , which retrie v es the total amount due for the purchased items. This method ensures a seamless and ef cient shopping e xperience, inte grating RFID-based product scanning, Bluetooth-controlled trolle y mo v ement, and real-time data synchronization between the trolle y and the mobile application. T ec hT r olle y-enhancing the r etail e xperience (Dhananjay Chavan) Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
1482 ❒ ISSN: 2502-4752 3. RESUL TS AND DISCUSSION 3.1. System implementation and optimization The implementation of the T echT rolle y system in Figure 9 has yielded se v eral signicant results. The use of ESP32 and wireless bridge netw ork establishment within the hardw are and soft w are, f acilitated by API communication, has greatly enhanced the retail e xperience. These adv ancements ha v e led to optimized shopping processes, reduced time constraints, and impro v ed user comfort. Figure 9. T echT rolle y The adv antages of smart trolle ys are e vident. The y f acilitate f aster check out times by eliminating the need for manual scanning of each item, thus reducing queues and errors such as double char ges [3], [4]. Real- time in v entory management in Figure 10 enables stores to g ain insights into customer beha vior and product trends, which helps in optimizing in v entory and impro ving store layout [7], [8]. Additionally , the system enhances accessibility for people with limited mobility [9]. Figure 10. Real-time updates 3.2. Results analysis 3.2.1. P erf ormance metrics The T echT rolle y system’ s performance w as e v aluated based on se v eral metrics including check out speed, accurac y , and user satisf a ction. The automated check out process demonstrated a signicant reduction in check out time compared to traditional methods. Accurac y impro v ements were noted with fe wer scanning errors and reduced double char ges. 3.2.2. User experience User feedback indicated a high le v el of satisf action with the system’ s usability and the con v enience of automated processes through Figure 11. Ho we v er , some users encountered challenges during the initial setup, which suggests the need for impro v ed user guides and support. Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci, V ol. 37, No. 3, March 2025: 1476–1486 Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci ISSN: 2502-4752 ❒ 1483 Figure 11. User login and connecti vity 3.3. K ey ndings and inter pr etations T echT rolle y demonst rates se v eral adv ancements and impro v ements o v er pre vious studies, particul arly in terms of user interf ace as sho wn in Figure 12, hardw are inte gration, and data management. Figure 12. User re gistration interf ace 3.3.1. Enhanced user interface and experience Unlik e the RFID-based intelligent trolle y system, which relies on ZigBee communication, T echT rolle y utilizes a modern Android application with Bluetooth connecti vity . This approach simplies the interaction process and pro vides real-time updates, of fering a more intuiti v e interf ace for users. Figure 8 illustrates the user - friendly nature of the T echT rolle y app compared to the pre vious ZigBee-based systems, which were limited in range and user interaction. 3.3.2. Impr o v ed data management The use of PostgreSQL for database storage, as visualized in Figures 13 and 14, represents a si gnicant impro v ement o v er traditional methods used in earlier projects. This adv ancement allo ws for more scalable and reliable data management, addressing the limitations of pre vious systems that used less sophisticated database solutions, and includes user re gistration and user billing. T ec hT r olle y-enhancing the r etail e xperience (Dhananjay Chavan) Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
1484 ❒ ISSN: 2502-4752 Figure 13. User re gistration Figure 14. User billing 3.3.3. Check out system The implementation of QR code scanning for check out in T echT rolle y , as illustrated in Figure 15, of fers a more adv anced and secure method compared to earlier systems that relied on manual or l ess automated check out processes. QR codes are better than barcodes because the y can store signicantly more data and are readable from an y angle. This feature not only speeds up the check out process b ut also enhances security and accurac y . Figure 15. Check out system 3.4. Summary and implications The inte gration of ESP32 and wireless technology in T echT rolle y has demonstrated signicant im- pro v ements o v er e xisting smart trolle y systems by enhancing ef cienc y in check out processes and pro viding a more intuiti v e user e xperience. This system le v erages real-time data management and automation, address- ing k e y issues found in pre vious solutions. Ho we v er , challenges such as initial setup costs and the need for rob ust netw ork infrastructure persist. Future research should aim to mitig ate these limitations by e xploring cost-ef fecti v e strate gies and rening the user interf ace to further enhance eng agement and satisf action. The study’ s implications suggest that T echT rolle y could be a pi v otal adv ancement in retail technology , of fering a more streamlined shopping e xperience with the potential for widespread adoption as these challenges are addressed. 4. CONCLUSION The implementation of T echT rolle ys marks a signicant adv ancement in the retail sector , seam lessly inte grating ph ysical and digital shopping e xperiences. Th e se technologically adv anced carts, equipped with features lik e automated check outs, real-time in v entory tracking,greatly enhance the ef cienc y and con v enience of the shopping process. The inte gration of IoT technology has not only impro v ed the o v erall customer e xpe- rience b ut has also optimized stock management, beneting both retailers and consumers. Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci, V ol. 37, No. 3, March 2025: 1476–1486 Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Indonesian J Elec Eng & Comp Sci ISSN: 2502-4752 ❒ 1485 The implications of T echT rolle y’ s success are profound, suggesting a future where shopping becomes increasingly personalized and connected. As consumer e xpectations continue to e v olv e, future iterations of T echT rolle ys could of fer e v en more tailored shopping e xperiences, with inte gration into smart home systems and mobile apps pro viding a seamless, synchronized e xperience. Additionally , the potential for incorporating en vironmental sustainability features, such as smart w as te sorting and eco-friendly packaging alerts, aligns with the gro wing emphasis on responsible consumption. Furthermore, the scope of T echT rolle y e xtends be yond traditional retail en vironments, with potenti al applications in w arehouse management and logistics. Future research and de v elopment should focus on en- hancing these syste ms to anticipate and meet indi vidual preferences, address initial setup costs, and e xplore sustainable inno v ations. Ultimately , the ndings from this study indicate that T echT rolle ys are not just a step forw ard in retail technology b ut also hold the potential to reshape consumer interactions in the digital age. REFERENCES [1] K. Sathesh, P . K o wsalya, E. Ara vindraj, S. P . T ej, S. Mahammed, and N. M. Reddy , “Inte grated smart trolle y system: arduino nano- based RFID billing and weight sensor augmentation, ” in Pr oceedings of the 2024 10th International Confer ence on Communication and Signal Pr ocessing , ICCSP 2024 , Apr . 2024, pp. 958–963, doi: 10.1109/ICCSP60870.2024.10544371. [2] K. Mundada, A. Gaikw ad, D. Deshpande, V . Deshpande, and S. Dhumal, “Enhanced shopping e xperience: inte grating load cell technology with arduino in smart trolle y systems, ” in 2nd International Confer ence on Emer ging T r ends in Information T ec hnolo gy and Engineering , ic-ETITE 2024 , Feb . 2024, pp. 1–5, doi: 10.1109/ic-ETITE58242.2024.10493733. [3] K. Naikade and R. Raman, “Enhancing shopping e xperience with Raspberry Pi and cloud-inte grated wireless sensor netw orks for smart trolle ys in IoT , ” in International Confer ence on Self Sustainable Articial Intellig ence Systems, ICSSAS 2023 - Pr oceedings , Oct. 2023, pp. 1086–1090, doi: 10.1109/ICSSAS57918.2023.10331668. [4] A. Perumal, A. V inoth, C. N. Krishnan, R. Sriraman, and K. K umar , “ Automatic billing trolle y for an enhanced supermark et using RFID, ” in Pr oceedings - 7th International Confer ence on Computing Methodolo gies and Communication, ICCMC 2023 , Feb . 2023, pp. 840–844, doi: 10.1109/ICCMC56507.2023.10083555. [5] S. Maurya, G. Sahu, A. Y ada v , B. Shukla, G. Agra w al, and N. K umar , “The IoT -based smart shopping trolle y system, ” in 2023 International Confer ence on IoT , Communication and A utomation T ec hnolo gy , ICICA T 2023 , Jun. 2023, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1109/ICICA T57735.2023.10263687. [6] A. Y . W . Setya nto, F . Ahmad, J. B. W icaksono, and K. Mutijarsa, “Smart trolle y with position localization method based on QR code mapping using compute r vision and internet of things, ” in 2022 International Confer ence on Information T ec hnolo gy Systems and Inno vation, ICITSI 2022 - Pr oceedings , No v . 2022, pp. 346–352, doi: 10.1109/ICITSI56531.2022.9970792. [7] S. K o wshika, S. S. M. Mitha, G. M. V arshini, V . Me gha, and K. Lakshmi, “IoT based smart shopping trolle y with mobile cart application, ” in 2021 7th International Confer ence on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems, ICA CCS 2021 , Mar . 2021, pp. 1186–1189, doi: 10.1109/ICA CCS51430.2021.9441866. [8] T . K. Das, A. K. T ripath y , and K. Srini v asan, “ A smart trolle y for smart shopping, ” in 2020 International Confer ence on System, Computation, A utomation and Networking , ICSCAN 2020 , Jul. 2020, pp. 1–5, doi: 10.1109/ICSCAN49426.2020.9262350. [9] D. Shukla and M. Shah, “Smart trolle y: a smart solution for theft pre v ention and social distancing in shop- ping, ” in 7th International Confer ence on In ventive Computation T ec hnolo gies, ICICT 2024 , Apr . 2024, pp. 1775–1782, doi: 10.1109/ICICT60155.2024.10544532. [10] H. V . P arjane, V . S. Andhale, R. K. V akte, P . M. Bodakhe, M. Sujith, and D. B. P ardeshi, “Smart LPG le v el monitoring and auto- matic booking system inte grated with trolle y , ” in 2023 2nd International Confer ence on Smart T ec hnolo gies and Systems for Ne xt Gener ation Computing , ICSTSN 2023 , Apr . 2023, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.1109/ICSTSN57873.2023.10151516. [11] G. Pradeepkumar , V . Ramesh, A. Karthika, A. Karthik e yan, R. Sacithraa, and K. V anitha, “Smart shopping trolle y based on IoT with mobile application, ” in 2nd International Confer ence on Sustainable Computing and Data Communication Systems, ICSCDS 2023 - Pr oceedings , Mar . 2023, pp. 1221–1225, doi: 10.1109/ICSCDS56580.2023.10104651. [12] B. K. Y ada v et al. , “Smart cart: a distrib uted frame w ork, ” in 2020 IEEE International Confer ence for Con ver g ence in Engineering , ICCE 2020 - Pr oceedings , Sep. 2020, pp. 210–213, doi: 10.1109/ICCE50343.2020.9290605. [13] T . Hanooja, C. G. Raji, M. Sreelekha, J. K oniyath, V . K. M. Ameen, and M. M. Nouf al, “Human friendly smart trolle y with automatic billing system, ” in Pr oceedings of the 4th International Confer ence on Electr onics, Communication and Aer ospace T ec hnolo gy , ICECA 2020 , No v . 2020, pp. 1614–1619, doi: 10.1109/ICECA49313.2020.9297439. [14] J. Anand, N. Mishra, S. S. P . M. B. Sharma, B. M. Joshi, and M. Sangeetha, “E-health assisted smart supermark et, ” in Pr oceedings of the 2022 International Confer ence on Inno vative Computing , Intellig ent Communi cation and Smart Electrical Systems, ICSES 2022 , Jul. 2022, pp. 1–5, doi: 10.1109/ICSES55317.2022.9914111. [15] A. A. S. Guna w an et al. , “Line follo wer smart trolle y system V2 using RFID, ” in Pr oceedings of 2021 1st International Confer ence on Computer Science and Articial Intellig ence , ICCSAI 2021 , Oct. 2021, pp. 17–21, doi: 10.1109/ICCSAI53272.2021.9609710. [16] T . Na v eenprab u, B. Mahalakshmi, T . Nag araj, S. P . N. K umar , and M. Jag adesh, “IoT based smart billing and direction controlled trolle y , ” in 2020 6th International Confer ence on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems, IC A C CS 2020 , Mar . 2020, pp. 426–429, doi: 10.1109/ICA CCS48705.2020.9074173. [17] M. Perarasi, B. Sarala, S. Sarasw athi, J. J. Hephzipah, A. D. Nesakumar , and K. Sushmitha, “D esign and implementation of direction controlled trolly for smart billing using IoT , ” in 2nd International Confer ence on Intel lig ent Data Communication T ec hnolo gies and Internet of Things, IDCIoT 2024 , Jan. 2024, pp. 105–111, doi: 10.1109/IDCIoT59759.2024.10467869. [18] J. Franci s, P . M. T on y , A. Thomas, and M. M. Mahi, “Cartsmart: customer -friendly shopping for modern times, ” in ICCISc 2021 - 2021 International Confer ence on Communication, Contr ol and Information Sciences, Pr oce edings , Jun. 2021, pp. 1–5, doi: 10.1109/ICCISc52257.2021.9484931. T ec hT r olle y-enhancing the r etail e xperience (Dhananjay Chavan) Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.