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[
2
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r
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g
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lik
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g
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N
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[
4
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.
T
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p
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lik
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th
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cl
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u
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s
im
s
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[
5
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,
[
6
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,
a
n
d
ed
g
e
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
s
im
u
lato
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[
7
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h
av
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b
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tili
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d
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tly
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ab
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t
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ass
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
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5
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2
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4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
7
,
No
.
3
,
Ma
r
ch
20
2
5
:
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607
-
1
6
1
5
1608
Nu
m
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u
s
tech
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iq
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b
ei
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p
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p
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m
an
ag
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n
g
th
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s
e
n
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ar
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jo
b
s
[
8
]
.
Het
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g
en
o
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s
ea
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lies
t
tim
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f
ir
s
t
(
HE
FT)
[
9
]
,
en
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
-
HE
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[
1
0
]
,
a
n
t
co
lo
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y
o
p
tim
izatio
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(
AC
O)
[
1
1
]
,
p
ar
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
izatio
n
(
PS
O)
[
1
2
]
,
an
d
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g
y
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co
s
t
awa
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s
ch
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ler
em
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in
g
v
a
r
io
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s
o
p
tim
izatio
n
s
tr
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[
1
3
]
.
Mo
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d
etails
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f
d
if
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t
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
f
ail
ed
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
ex
ec
u
tio
n
o
f
b
ig
g
er
wo
r
k
lo
ad
s
with
le
s
s
er
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
tim
e
an
d
co
s
t [
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
I
n
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
th
e
r
esear
ch
is
s
u
e
th
e
wo
r
k
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
a
n
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
er
f
o
r
d
ea
d
li
n
e
-
in
ten
s
iv
e
s
cien
tific
wo
r
k
lo
ad
ex
ec
u
ter
(
E
R
P
-
DI
SW
E
)
u
s
in
g
a
n
e
d
g
e
-
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
m
ain
ly
f
o
c
u
s
es
o
n
r
e
d
u
cin
g
e
n
er
g
y
d
is
s
ip
atio
n
,
an
d
co
s
t
an
d
co
m
p
letin
g
th
e
j
o
b
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
with
in
its
d
ea
d
lin
e
in
an
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
E
R
P
-
DI
SW
E
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
in
g
s
ch
ed
u
ler
m
o
d
el
with
a
f
o
cu
s
o
n
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
o
v
er
all
c
o
s
t
with
en
er
g
y
an
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
tim
e
m
in
im
izatio
n
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
o
f
m
ar
in
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
an
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
.
C
o
m
p
ar
ativ
e
an
aly
s
is
to
ev
alu
ate
th
e
r
esu
lt
s
with
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
s
cien
tific
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
i
n
g
s
ch
e
d
u
ler
m
o
d
els
ha
s
b
ee
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
s
h
o
ws
E
R
P
-
DI
SW
E
attain
s
m
u
ch
-
im
p
r
o
v
ed
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
co
n
ce
r
n
in
g
co
s
t
r
ed
u
ctio
n
,
en
er
g
y
u
s
ag
e,
an
d
m
ak
esp
an
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
i
n
th
e
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
.
Ma
n
u
s
cr
ip
t
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
is
g
i
v
en
.
Sectio
n
2
s
tu
d
ies
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
ch
ed
u
ler
s
an
d
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
er
s
d
esig
n
ed
s
p
ec
if
ically
f
o
r
th
e
ex
ec
u
tio
n
o
f
s
cien
tific
wo
r
k
f
lo
ws.
Hig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
r
esear
ch
g
ap
s
b
y
an
aly
zin
g
th
e
ad
v
a
n
tag
es
an
d
d
is
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t
m
eth
o
d
s
.
Sectio
n
3
,
th
e
wo
r
k
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
er
s
ch
ed
u
le
r
is
d
es
ig
n
ed
as
a
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
el.
Sectio
n
4
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
o
u
tco
m
e
o
f
E
R
P
-
DI
SW
E
with
ex
is
tin
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
e
r
s
ch
ed
u
ler
s
.
I
n
th
e
last
s
ec
tio
n
,
th
e
r
esear
ch
s
ig
n
if
ican
ce
alo
n
g
with
f
u
tu
r
e
e
n
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t is p
r
o
v
id
e
d
.
2.
RE
L
AT
E
D
WO
RK
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
an
aly
zin
g
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
ch
ed
u
ler
s
in
th
e
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
;
an
d
id
en
tify
in
g
th
e
ad
v
an
tag
es,
d
is
ad
v
an
tag
e
s
,
r
esear
ch
s
ig
n
if
ican
ce
,
an
d
lim
itatio
n
s
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
ch
ed
u
ler
in
ex
ec
u
tin
g
m
ar
in
e
wo
r
k
lo
a
d
in
th
e
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
A
t
ask
r
ep
licatio
n
s
ch
e
d
u
ler
(
T
R
A)
m
eth
o
d
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
Yao
et
a
l.
[
1
6
]
t
o
lo
wer
co
s
ts
alo
n
g
with
p
r
o
c
ess
in
g
tim
e
in
clo
u
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
.
R
esear
ch
er
s
p
u
t
f
o
r
war
d
b
o
th
o
p
tio
n
s
in
th
e
tech
n
iq
u
e
to
ad
d
r
ess
co
s
t
-
tim
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
.
T
h
ey
ex
p
l
o
r
e
o
n
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
s
cien
tific
wo
r
k
lo
ad
a
n
d
t
h
r
e
e
r
an
d
o
m
ized
wo
r
k
lo
ad
s
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
s
tu
d
y
'
s
o
u
tco
m
es,
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
h
as
a
3
1
.
6
%
co
s
t
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
an
d
a
1
7
.
4
%
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
tim
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
.
Sin
d
h
u
et
a
l.
[
1
7
]
,
a
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
en
ab
lin
g
jo
b
s
ch
ed
u
ler
s
to
l
o
wer
p
o
wer
u
s
ag
e
a
n
d
co
s
ts
wh
ile
im
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
e
f
f
icien
cy
in
a
n
e
d
g
e
-
b
ased
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
s
y
s
tem
h
as
b
ee
n
s
u
g
g
ested
.
T
h
e
j
o
b
s
h
a
d
b
ee
n
r
eg
a
r
d
ed
as
DAG,
wh
er
e
w
o
r
k
lo
ad
j
o
b
s
will
b
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
eir
d
u
e
d
ates.
T
h
e
Ma
r
k
o
v
d
ec
is
i
o
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
(
MD
P)
was
ad
d
itio
n
ally
u
tili
ze
d
in
t
h
e
ab
o
v
e
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
t
o
allo
ca
te
th
e
o
p
tim
al
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ex
ec
u
tio
n
.
T
h
e
o
u
t
co
m
es
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
it
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
s
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
o
n
th
e
b
asis
o
f
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
A
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
o
r
g
an
izin
g
wo
r
k
s
ch
ed
u
les
was
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
A
b
o
h
am
am
a
et
a
l.
[
1
8
]
f
o
r
a
n
e
dge
-
clo
u
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
R
eso
u
r
ce
p
lan
n
in
g
m
a
y
b
e
s
ee
n
b
y
s
u
ch
a
m
eth
o
d
as
an
alg
o
r
ith
m
ic
p
r
o
b
lem
th
at
u
tili
ze
s
p
er
m
u
tatio
n
s
.
R
e
s
ea
r
ch
er
s
u
tili
ze
d
a
n
ew
iter
atio
n
o
f
th
e
g
e
n
etic
alg
o
r
it
h
m
(
GA)
f
o
r
ca
lcu
latin
g
th
e
a
s
s
ig
n
m
en
ts
in
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
esen
t
th
e
af
o
r
em
e
n
t
io
n
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e.
Dep
e
n
d
in
g
u
p
o
n
e
ac
h
co
m
b
in
atio
n
,
th
e
jo
b
s
ar
e
ass
ig
n
ed
to
a
s
er
v
er
with
ad
eq
u
ate
ass
ets
an
d
a
s
h
o
r
t
m
ak
esp
an
to
ex
e
cu
te.
T
h
e
tr
ials
wer
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t,
an
d
th
e
o
u
tco
m
es
wer
e
c
o
n
tr
ast
ed
ag
ain
s
t
th
e
m
o
s
t
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
s
y
s
tem
s
.
I
n
ter
m
s
o
f
f
ailu
r
e
r
ate,
tim
e,
an
d
co
s
t.
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
ar
e
b
ein
g
e
v
alu
ated
with
o
th
er
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
; th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
m
eth
o
d
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
s
well.
A
jo
b
s
ch
ed
u
le
r
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
Mo
v
ah
ed
i
et
a
l.
[
1
9
]
to
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
th
e
m
ak
esp
an
an
d
p
o
wer
u
s
ag
e
in
an
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
R
esear
ch
er
s
h
ad
d
r
awn
o
u
t
a
p
lan
to
h
an
d
le
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
's
ar
r
iv
al
o
f
n
ew
jo
b
s
in
th
e
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
I
n
o
r
d
er
t
o
en
h
an
ce
h
o
w
well
it
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
,
r
esear
ch
er
s
also
s
u
g
g
est
a
ch
ao
tic
wh
ale
o
p
tim
izer
(
C
W
O)
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
an
d
an
in
teg
er
lin
ea
r
p
r
o
g
r
am
(I
L
P)
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
e
o
u
tco
m
es
wer
e
co
n
tr
asted
u
s
i
n
g
ex
is
tin
g
ev
o
l
u
tio
n
ar
y
o
p
ti
m
izer
m
eth
o
d
s
.
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at,
as
o
p
p
o
s
ed
to
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
jo
b
s
ch
e
d
u
ler
m
eth
o
d
ac
h
ie
v
es
h
ig
h
er
e
f
f
icien
cy
.
T
o
lo
wer
co
s
ts
,
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
a
n
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
tim
e,
Swar
u
p
et
a
l.
[
2
0
]
p
r
esen
ted
a
n
I
n
ter
n
et
o
f
T
h
in
g
s
jo
b
s
ch
ed
u
ler
u
s
in
g
an
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
.
An
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
b
ased
o
n
d
ee
p
-
r
ein
f
o
r
ce
m
e
n
t
lear
n
in
g
h
as
b
ee
n
s
u
g
g
ested
en
a
b
lin
g
a
jo
b
s
c
h
ed
u
ler
u
s
in
g
an
e
d
g
e
-
cl
o
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
t
r
ese
ar
ch
em
p
lo
y
ed
an
in
teg
r
ated
b
u
f
f
e
r
i
n
g
s
tr
ateg
y
f
o
r
a
d
d
r
ess
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
jo
b
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
p
lan
n
i
n
g
o
n
c
o
m
p
u
ter
s
er
v
er
s
.
A
p
ar
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
izer
(
PS
O)
tech
n
iq
u
e
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
L
iu
et
a
l.
[
2
1
]
f
o
r
an
ed
g
e
-
b
ased
jo
b
s
ch
ed
u
ler
.
T
h
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
lo
we
r
s
ex
p
en
s
es
wh
en
th
e
jo
b
s
ar
e
co
m
p
u
ted
.
T
h
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
wa
s
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
in
g
th
e
clo
u
d
s
im
s
im
u
lato
r
,
wh
il
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
wer
e
co
n
tr
asted
t
o
th
o
s
e
o
f
ea
ch
o
f
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
s
ch
ed
u
ler
s
.
T
h
e
o
u
tco
m
es
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
h
o
w
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
an
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ically
th
is
s
tr
ateg
y
m
ax
im
ize
d
b
o
th
c
o
m
p
u
tin
g
co
s
t
an
d
tim
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
Ma
r
in
e
s
cien
tifi
c
w
o
r
kflo
w
ex
ec
u
tio
n
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
visi
o
n
er in
…
(
S
h
ee
t
a
l B
a
g
a
li
)
1609
A
co
s
t
o
p
tim
izer
h
e
u
r
is
tic
s
tr
ateg
y
(
C
OHS)
was
s
u
g
g
ested
b
y
Ko
n
jaan
g
et
a
l.
[
2
2
]
an
d
o
f
f
er
s
a
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
co
s
ts
wh
en
p
la
n
n
in
g
jo
b
ex
ec
u
tio
n
in
a
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
u
n
d
er
th
is
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
h
as to
b
e
b
r
o
k
en
i
n
to
s
m
aller
jo
b
s
to
en
s
u
r
e
ev
er
y
s
u
b
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ca
n
b
e
co
m
p
leted
with
in
th
e
allo
tted
d
u
e
d
ate.
R
esear
ch
er
s
to
o
k
i
n
to
ac
co
u
n
t
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
f
o
r
ass
ess
in
g
th
eir
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e.
R
esear
ch
in
d
icate
s
s
p
litt
in
g
th
e
ass
ig
n
m
en
ts
in
to
s
m
aller
o
n
es
allo
ws
f
o
r
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
q
u
ic
k
er
s
er
v
er
ass
ig
n
m
en
ts
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
o
f
th
ese
as
s
ig
n
m
en
ts
.
As
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
eir
p
r
ev
io
u
s
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
,
r
esear
ch
er
s
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
ex
p
en
s
es b
y
1
.
2
% f
o
r
th
e
cy
b
e
r
s
h
ak
e
wo
r
k
lo
ad
,
3
.
9
%
f
o
r
th
e
m
o
n
tag
e
wo
r
k
lo
ad
,
an
d
3
2
.
5
% f
o
r
th
e
s
ip
h
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
o
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
b
o
t
h
tim
e
an
d
ex
p
en
s
es
,
Ko
n
jaan
g
et
a
l.
[
2
3
]
e
x
p
an
d
ed
th
eir
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
s
u
g
g
ested
C
OHS
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
b
y
ca
r
r
y
in
g
o
u
t
a
m
u
lti
-
o
b
jectiv
e
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
o
p
tim
izatio
n
m
eth
o
d
(
MO
W
OS)
.
B
o
th
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
th
e
h
ig
h
est
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
s
er
v
er
an
d
lo
west
c
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
s
er
v
er
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
u
g
g
ested
in
th
is
pa
r
ad
ig
m
to
c
o
m
p
u
te
th
e
jo
b
s
d
er
iv
e
d
b
y
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
MO
W
OS
o
u
tco
m
es,
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
tim
e
is
s
h
o
r
ten
ed
b
y
1
0
%,
an
d
co
s
ts
a
r
e
cu
t
b
y
8
%.
Ma
s
o
u
d
i
et
a
l.
[
2
4
]
,
f
o
c
u
s
ed
o
n
a
d
d
r
ess
in
g
t
h
e
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
tr
ain
t
is
s
u
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
v
ir
tu
al
m
ac
h
in
e
allo
ca
tio
n
d
esig
n
.
Fu
r
th
er
,
b
o
th
R
u
i
et
a
l.
[
2
5
]
,
an
d
B
ac
an
in
et
a
l.
[
2
6
]
,
s
h
o
wed
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
ed
g
e
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
in
en
h
a
n
cin
g
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
s
er
v
ice
an
d
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
.
Ma
n
g
alam
p
alli
et
a
l.
[
2
7
]
,
s
h
o
wed
th
e
im
p
o
r
t
an
ce
o
f
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
m
u
lti
-
o
b
jectiv
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
p
tim
izatio
n
e
m
p
lo
y
i
n
g
d
ee
p
r
ein
f
o
r
ce
m
en
t
lear
n
i
n
g
(
DR
L
)
aid
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
m
ak
e
s
p
an
with
m
in
im
al
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
;
Ho
wev
er
,
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
VM
p
lace
m
en
t
ac
c
o
r
d
in
g
to
q
u
ality
-
of
-
s
er
v
ice
(
Qo
S)
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
is
n
o
t
d
o
n
e;
th
er
e
b
y
a
d
d
itio
n
al
d
elay
an
d
m
a
k
esp
an
is
ex
p
er
i
e
n
ce
d
.
3.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
d
is
cu
s
s
es
th
e
wo
r
k
in
g
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
er
f
o
r
d
ea
d
lin
e
-
in
ten
s
iv
e
m
ar
in
e
s
cien
tific
wo
r
k
lo
ad
e
x
ec
u
ter
u
s
in
g
an
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
T
h
e
cl
o
u
d
-
b
ased
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
er
is
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
p
h
y
s
ical
m
ac
h
in
es
(
PMs)
an
d
v
i
r
tu
al
m
ac
h
in
es
(
VM
s
)
as
s
h
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
also
h
as
clo
u
d
r
eso
u
r
ce
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
(
C
R
M)
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
an
d
p
lan
ex
ec
u
tio
n
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
ar
r
iv
al
jo
b
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
clo
u
d
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
e
C
R
M
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
VM
p
lace
m
en
t
an
d
m
i
g
r
atio
n
p
lan
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
ar
r
iv
al
jo
b
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Vir
tu
al
m
ac
h
in
e
p
lace
m
en
t o
p
tim
izatio
n
i
n
s
id
e
th
e
p
h
y
s
ical
m
ac
h
in
e
in
a
clo
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t [
1
]
3
.
1
.
Co
m
pu
t
a
t
io
na
l r
eso
urc
e
o
f
edg
e
-
clo
ud
T
h
e
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
d
ata
ce
n
ter
is
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
h
et
er
o
g
en
o
u
s
s
er
v
er
s
in
clu
d
i
n
g
s
er
v
er
s
p
lace
d
in
e
d
g
e
a
n
d
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
s
as
s
h
o
wn
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
d
ata
ce
n
ter
n
etwo
r
k
(
DC
N)
tak
es
th
e
ar
r
i
v
al
lo
ad
f
r
o
m
th
e
u
s
er
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
clo
u
d
g
atew
ay
s
er
v
e
r
.
T
h
en
,
p
u
t
th
em
in
a
d
ata
b
l
o
c
k
s
eq
u
en
ce
(
DB
S)
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
ei
r
ar
r
iv
al
a
n
d
s
er
v
ice
d
ea
d
lin
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
.
Fin
ally
,
f
r
o
m
DB
S,
th
e
v
ir
tu
al
m
ac
h
in
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
(
VM
C
)
s
tar
ts
p
er
f
o
r
m
in
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
er
p
la
n
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
ar
r
i
v
al
jo
b
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
t.
As
a
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
jo
b
s
ar
e
b
ei
n
g
s
u
b
m
itted
to
th
e
clo
u
d
p
l
atf
o
r
m
a
n
d
a
r
r
iv
al
is
h
eter
o
g
en
o
u
s
in
n
atu
r
e;
j
o
b
s
ch
ed
u
lin
g
is
c
h
allen
g
in
g
in
th
e
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
u
s
,
t
o
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
tr
a
d
eo
f
f
o
p
t
im
izatio
n
th
e
s
er
v
er
is
k
ep
t
o
n
d
u
r
in
g
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
,
a
n
d
th
e
r
est
o
f
t
h
e
tim
e
it
is
s
witch
ed
o
f
f
;
th
e
f
o
cu
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ch
ed
u
ler
d
esig
n
is
to
f
u
lly
u
tili
ze
th
e
ac
tiv
e
s
er
v
er
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
u
n
u
tili
z
ed
id
le
s
er
v
er
;
th
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
will
aid
in
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
o
v
er
all
r
eso
u
r
ce
u
tili
za
tio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
7
,
No
.
3
,
Ma
r
ch
20
2
5
:
1
607
-
1
6
1
5
1610
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Pro
p
o
s
ed
ar
c
h
itectu
r
e
f
o
r
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
er
f
o
r
d
ea
d
lin
e
-
in
ten
s
iv
e
m
ar
in
e
wo
r
k
lo
ad
ex
ec
u
tio
n
in
th
e
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
3
.
2
.
Wo
r
k
f
lo
w
m
o
del
T
h
e
m
ar
in
e
wo
r
k
l
o
ad
is
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
h
eter
o
g
en
e
o
u
s
s
u
b
task
s
.
T
h
e
task
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
DAG
with
s
ize
d
ef
in
ed
in
b
it
s
u
s
in
g
p
a
r
am
eter
.
T
h
e
DAG
is
f
u
r
th
e
r
s
eg
m
e
n
ted
in
t
o
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
id
le
an
d
ac
tiv
e
VM
s
with
(
=
)
.
As ev
er
y
task
co
m
es with
s
tr
ict
q
u
ality
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
with
s
tr
ict
d
ea
d
lin
es.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
task
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
ex
ec
u
ted
b
y
th
e
VM
s
with
in
t
h
e
p
r
ed
e
f
in
ed
d
ea
d
lin
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
.
3
.
3
.
P
M
s
a
nd
VM
s
cla
s
s
if
ica
t
io
n
T
h
e
en
er
g
y
-
awa
r
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
er
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
PMs
n
ee
d
ed
an
d
h
o
w
th
e
VM
s
m
u
s
t b
e
p
lace
d
to
ass
u
r
e
th
e
o
v
er
all
en
er
g
y
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
ar
r
iv
al
m
ar
in
e
w
o
r
k
lo
a
d
task
i
s
g
iv
en
in
(
1
)
.
{
,
ℎ
ℎ
,
,
(
)
,
(
)
}
,
=
1
,
2
,
3
,
⋯
,
(
1
)
I
n
(
1
)
,
d
ef
i
n
es
th
e
id
le
s
tate
p
r
o
ce
s
s
er
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
o
f
th
e
PMs,
ℎ
ℎ
d
ef
in
es
th
e
p
ea
k
o
p
er
ati
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
f
ac
tiv
e
s
tates
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
in
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
PMs,
,
(
)
d
ef
in
es
en
er
g
y
u
s
ag
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
in
id
le
s
tate,
(
)
d
ef
in
es
ac
tiv
e
PMs
r
atio
an
d
(
)
d
ef
in
es
ca
p
ac
ito
r
t
r
af
f
ic.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
r
ate
m
a
x
im
u
m
ca
p
ac
ity
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
ℎ
ℎ
as d
ef
in
ed
in
(
2
)
.
ℎ
ℎ
=
ℎ
ℎ
(
2
)
3
.
4
.
C
o
m
pu
t
a
t
io
n o
f
a
t
a
s
k
T
h
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
t
d
ef
in
es d
if
f
er
e
n
t o
p
er
atin
g
f
r
e
q
u
en
cies o
f
V
Ms e
m
p
lo
y
in
g
d
y
n
a
m
ic
v
o
ltag
e
-
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
p
tim
izatio
n
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
o
p
er
ati
n
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
id
le
VM
s
is
g
iv
en
in
(
3
)
.
ℎ
ℎ
≜
>
−
1
>
−
2
>
⋯
>
1
>
≜
0
(
3
)
T
h
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
m
eth
o
d
p
r
o
v
id
es
s
tatic
en
er
g
y
o
p
tim
izatio
n
;
f
u
r
th
er
,
it
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
ten
th
o
f
a
s
ec
o
n
d
q
u
ick
er
o
p
tim
izatio
n
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
in
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
p
r
o
v
id
es
d
y
n
am
ic
o
p
tim
izatio
n
;
th
u
s
,
f
aster
with
m
in
im
al
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
ti
o
n
o
f
PMs as g
i
v
en
in
(
4
)
.
−
=
∗
∗
∗
2
(
4
)
I
n
(
4
)
,
−
r
ep
r
esen
ts
r
u
n
tim
e
en
er
g
y
o
p
tim
izatio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
in
s
id
e
th
e
VM
s
a
n
d
PMs,
d
ef
in
es
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
o
f
th
e
PMs
an
d
2
d
e
f
in
es
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
v
o
ltag
e
u
s
ed
wh
ich
ar
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
in
(
5
)
.
=
ℂ
∗
[
−
1
(
−
)
−
2
]
(
5
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
Ma
r
in
e
s
cien
tifi
c
w
o
r
kflo
w
ex
ec
u
tio
n
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
visi
o
n
er in
…
(
S
h
ee
t
a
l B
a
g
a
li
)
1611
I
n
(
5
)
,
ℂ
d
ef
in
es
a
s
tatic
p
r
ed
e
f
in
ed
p
ar
am
eter
,
ex
p
r
ess
es
th
r
esh
o
ld
v
o
ltag
e
wh
ich
is
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
less
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
r
ea
l
v
o
ltag
e
in
p
u
t
.
Usi
n
g
(
4
)
an
d
(
5
)
,
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
VM
s
in
id
le
s
ta
te
with
≥
0
,
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
co
s
t is m
ea
s
u
r
e
in
(
6
)
.
−
(
)
≜
∑
′
∗
=
0
∗
∗
1
−
3
,
=
1
,
2
,
…
,
(
6
)
I
n
(
6
)
,
−
(
)
is
th
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
co
s
t,
′
=
ℂ
−
1
∗
,
d
ef
in
es
t
h
e
m
a
k
esp
an
o
f
VM
s
an
d
PMs
o
p
er
atin
g
at
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
.
T
h
e
b
o
u
n
d
s
o
f
with
in
will
v
ar
y
b
etwe
en
o
n
e
.
Similar
ly
,
th
e
b
o
u
n
d
o
f
with
in
v
ar
ies
b
etwe
en
ze
r
o
to
.
T
h
e
p
ar
am
eter
d
ef
in
es
v
ar
y
in
g
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
r
a
n
g
e
s
o
f
VM
s
with
+
1
d
iv
er
s
e
b
o
u
n
d
s
.
3
.
5
.
T
a
s
k
re
c
o
nfig
ura
t
io
n
T
h
e
VM
C
is
u
s
ed
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
task
r
ec
o
n
f
ig
u
r
ati
o
n
co
n
s
id
er
i
n
g
PM
wh
ich
h
o
s
ts
VM
s
wit
h
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
.
T
h
e
wo
r
k
ass
u
m
es
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
r
a
n
g
es
f
r
o
m
1
to
2
.
T
h
e
co
s
t
in
v
o
lv
ed
in
r
ec
o
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
f
r
o
m
o
n
e
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
1
to
an
o
t
h
er
2
is
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
p
ar
am
eter
−
as in
(
7
)
.
−
(
1
;
2
)
=
ℇ
∗
1
(
1
−
2
)
−
2
(
7
)
I
n
(
7
)
,
ℇ
/
2
ex
p
r
ess
es
th
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
co
s
t
f
o
r
r
ec
o
n
f
ig
u
r
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
.
T
h
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
1
an
d
2
ar
e
ass
o
ciate
d
with
th
e
lo
wer
an
d
u
p
p
e
r
b
o
u
n
d
o
f
V
Ms
(
)
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
w
o
r
k
i
s
m
ain
ly
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
r
ed
u
cin
g
o
v
er
all
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
s
witch
in
g
co
s
ts
.
3
.
6
.
C
o
mm
un
ica
t
io
n o
f
a
t
a
s
k
I
n
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
co
s
t
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
m
ar
i
n
e
wo
r
k
lo
ad
task
ex
ec
u
tio
n
,
th
e
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ate
p
ar
am
eter
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
in
b
its
/s
e
co
n
d
s
is
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
v
ar
ies
b
etwe
en
o
n
e
to
.
T
h
e
co
s
t
f
o
r
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
o
n
ℎ
lin
k
is
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
u
s
in
g
p
ar
am
eter
−
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
in
watts is
d
ef
in
ed
in
(
8
)
.
−
≡
−
(
)
+
−
(
)
(
8
)
W
h
er
e
−
(
)
d
ef
i
n
es
s
witch
in
g
en
e
r
g
y
co
s
t
a
n
d
−
(
)
d
e
f
in
es
o
v
e
r
all
tr
an
s
f
er
en
er
g
y
co
s
t a
t th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
.
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
co
s
t c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
=
1
is
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
u
s
in
g
(
9
)
.
−
(
)
=
(
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
∗
)
2
+
,
=
1
(
9
)
I
n
(
9
)
,
≜
(
)
−
1
∗
(
−
1
∗
√
2
∗
3
)
2
,
=
1
;
wh
er
e
p
a
r
am
eter
d
e
f
in
es
th
e
h
i
g
h
est
d
ata
b
lo
ck
s
ize
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
in
b
its
an
d
∈
{
1
,
2
}
d
ef
in
in
g
h
o
w
m
an
y
tim
es
it
is
b
ein
g
a
d
m
itted
,
co
d
in
g
g
ain
c
o
n
s
id
e
r
in
g
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
n
o
is
e
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
lin
k
,
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
ar
e
u
tili
ze
d
r
o
u
n
d
-
tr
ip
a
v
er
ag
e
m
ak
esp
an
,
an
d
d
ef
in
es
en
er
g
y
c
o
s
t
u
n
d
er
i
d
le
ℎ
lin
k
.
Hen
ce
,
u
s
in
g
th
is
th
e
d
elay
f
o
r
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
in
a
s
in
g
le
d
ir
ec
tio
n
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
in
ed
in
(
1
0
)
.
(
)
=
∑
∕
=
1
(
1
0
)
Usi
n
g
(
1
0
)
,
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
co
s
t is m
ea
s
u
r
ed
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
o
v
er
all
d
elay
in
(
1
1
)
.
−
(
)
≜
−
(
)
∗
(
∑
⁄
=
1
)
,
(
1
1
)
T
h
en
,
u
s
in
g
(
6
)
,
(
7
)
,
an
d
(
1
1
)
th
e
f
in
al
co
s
t
is
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
m
u
lti
-
o
b
jectiv
e
m
in
im
izatio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
e
d
g
e
-
clo
u
d
in
(
1
2
)
.
=
min
[
−
(
)
+
−
(
1
;
2
)
+
−
(
)
]
(
1
2
)
W
h
er
e,
−
(
)
d
ef
in
es
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
co
s
t,
−
(
1
;
2
)
d
ef
i
n
es
r
ec
o
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
co
s
t,
−
(
)
d
ef
in
es
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
co
s
t.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
o
p
ti
m
ized
em
p
lo
y
i
n
g
th
e
d
r
ag
o
n
f
ly
alg
o
r
ith
m
[
2
8
]
,
[
2
9
]
p
r
o
v
id
es
ef
f
icien
t
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
in
g
o
f
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
ac
h
iev
in
g
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
a
n
d
r
ed
u
cin
g
co
s
t is p
r
o
v
e
d
in
th
e
n
ex
t sectio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
7
,
No
.
3
,
Ma
r
ch
20
2
5
:
1
607
-
1
6
1
5
1612
4.
RE
SU
L
T
AND
ANA
L
YS
I
S
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
(
E
R
P
-
DI
S
W
E
)
is
ex
ec
u
ted
u
n
d
er
th
e
s
ip
h
t
s
ce
n
ar
io
to
e
v
alu
ate
th
e
m
ak
esp
an
,
en
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
ti
o
n
,
an
d
co
s
t.
T
h
e
E
R
P
-
DI
SW
E
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
co
m
p
a
r
ed
with
th
e
MO
W
OS
[
2
3
]
en
er
g
y
m
i
n
im
ized
s
ch
ed
u
ler
(
E
MS)
[
1
1
]
,
m
o
d
if
ie
d
f
ir
ef
ly
alg
o
r
ith
m
-
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
s
ch
ed
u
l
er
(
MFA
-
W
S)
[
2
6
]
,
m
u
lti
-
o
b
jectiv
e
d
ee
p
r
ein
f
o
r
ce
m
en
t
lear
n
in
g
-
p
r
io
r
ity
-
awa
r
e
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
s
ch
ed
u
ler
(
M
ODRL
-
P
W
S
)
[
2
7
]
m
o
d
els.
T
h
e
f
o
u
r
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
task
s
o
f
s
ip
h
t
h
av
e
b
ee
n
c
o
n
s
id
e
r
ed
f
o
r
th
e
e
v
alu
atio
n
o
f
th
e
r
esu
lts
.
T
h
ese
f
o
u
r
task
s
in
clu
d
e
s
ip
h
t
3
0
an
d
s
ip
h
t
1
0
0
.
All
ex
p
er
im
en
ts
ar
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
o
n
a
co
m
p
u
ter
with
I
n
tel(
R
)
C
o
r
e
i5
2
.
2
.
g
ig
ah
er
tz,
1
6
g
ig
a
b
y
tes
o
f
m
e
m
o
r
y
,
W
in
d
o
ws
1
0
,
6
4
-
b
it
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
tem
.
T
o
s
im
u
lat
e
an
d
ev
alu
ate
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
d
s
tate
-
of
-
ar
t
w
o
r
k
f
lo
w
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
in
g
s
ch
ed
u
ler
alg
o
r
ith
m
’
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
we
u
s
ed
clo
u
d
s
im
.
4
.
1
.
M
a
k
esp
a
n per
f
o
rm
a
nce
I
n
F
ig
u
r
e
s
3
an
d
4
,
th
e
m
a
k
esp
an
f
o
r
s
i
p
h
t
3
0
a
n
d
s
ip
h
t
1
0
0
h
as
b
ee
n
ev
al
u
ated
.
I
t
h
as
b
ee
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
e
o
t
h
er
ex
is
t
in
g
m
o
d
els.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
MFA
-
W
S
an
d
E
MS
m
o
d
els
tak
e
m
o
r
e
m
ak
esp
an
f
o
r
t
h
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
task
s
.
T
h
e
MO
DR
L
-
PW
S
m
o
d
el
h
as
r
ed
u
ce
d
t
h
e
m
ak
esp
an
wh
en
co
m
p
ar
ed
wi
th
th
e
MO
W
OS
m
o
d
els.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
E
R
P
-
DI
SW
E
m
o
d
el
h
as
r
ed
u
ce
d
th
e
m
ak
esp
an
b
y
4
2
.
1
2
%
an
d
6
1
.
4
4
%
wh
en
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
d
with
th
e
MO
DR
L
-
PW
S
m
o
d
el
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
s
ip
h
t
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
s
ize
o
f
3
0
a
n
d
1
0
0
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
s
ig
n
if
i
ca
n
t
m
ak
esp
a
n
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
is
d
u
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
o
p
tim
izatio
n
d
o
n
e
u
s
in
g
(
1
0
)
b
y
lev
er
ag
in
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
in
g
s
ch
ed
u
lin
g
o
p
tim
izatio
n
in
an
ed
g
e
-
cl
o
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Ma
k
esp
a
n
f
o
r
s
ip
h
t
3
0
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Ma
k
esp
a
n
f
o
r
s
ip
h
t
1
0
0
4
.
2
.
E
nerg
y
c
o
ns
um
ptio
n per
f
o
rma
nce
I
n
F
ig
u
r
e
s
5
an
d
6
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
f
o
r
s
ip
h
t 3
0
a
n
d
s
ip
h
t 1
0
0
h
as b
ee
n
ev
alu
ate
d
.
I
t h
as b
ee
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
e
o
th
er
ex
is
tin
g
m
o
d
els.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
MFA
-
W
S
an
d
E
MS
m
o
d
els
co
n
s
u
m
e
m
o
r
e
e
n
er
g
y
f
o
r
t
h
e
co
m
p
u
tat
io
n
o
f
th
e
task
s
.
Fu
r
th
er
,
th
e
MO
W
OS
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
s
lig
h
tly
m
o
r
e
th
a
n
MO
DR
L
-
PW
S
;
h
o
wev
er
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
n
am
ely
th
e
E
R
P
-
DI
SW
E
m
o
d
el
h
as
r
ed
u
ce
d
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
b
y
3
.
8
%
an
d
3
.
1
5
%
wh
en
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
with
MO
DR
L
-
PW
S
m
o
d
el
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
s
ip
h
t
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
s
ize
o
f
3
0
an
d
1
0
0
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
ly
.
T
h
e
s
ig
n
if
i
ca
n
t
en
er
g
y
r
ed
u
ctio
n
is
d
u
e
a
d
o
p
tio
n
o
f
o
p
tim
izatio
n
d
o
n
e
u
s
in
g
(
1
0
)
m
ee
tin
g
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
in
r
ec
o
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
co
s
t
d
ef
in
ed
in
(
5
)
b
y
lev
e
r
ag
in
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
in
g
s
ch
ed
u
lin
g
o
p
tim
izin
g
in
th
e
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
E
n
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
f
o
r
s
ip
h
t
3
0
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
E
n
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
f
o
r
s
ip
h
t
1
0
0
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4
.
3
.
Co
m
pu
t
a
t
io
n c
o
s
t
I
n
F
ig
u
r
e
s
7
an
d
8
,
th
e
c
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
co
s
t
f
o
r
Sip
h
t
3
0
an
d
Si
p
h
t
1
0
0
0
h
as
b
ee
n
ev
alu
ated
.
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h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
m
o
d
el'
s
co
s
t
is
h
ig
h
er
wh
e
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
E
R
P
-
DI
SW
E
m
o
d
el.
E
MS
ex
h
ib
its
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
less
er
c
o
s
t
th
an
MFA
-
W
S
an
d
MO
W
OS
an
d
MO
D
R
L
-
P
W
S
ex
h
ib
it
m
u
ch
less
er
co
s
t
th
an
E
MS;
h
o
wev
er
,
th
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
co
s
t
f
o
r
th
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
o
f
ea
ch
task
h
as
b
ee
n
r
ed
u
ce
d
b
y
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
with
a
co
s
t
r
ed
u
ctio
n
6
4
.
9
5
%
7
0
.
6
6
%
o
v
er
MO
DR
L
-
PW
S
m
o
d
el
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
Sip
h
t
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
s
ize
o
f
3
0
an
d
1
0
0
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
s
ig
n
if
i
ca
n
t
co
s
t
r
ed
u
ctio
n
is
d
u
e
to
th
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
co
s
t,
r
ec
o
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
,
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
c
o
s
t a
s
d
ef
in
ed
in
(
5
)
,
(
6
)
,
an
d
(
7
)
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
C
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
c
o
s
t f
o
r
s
ip
h
t 3
0
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
C
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
c
o
s
t f
o
r
s
ip
h
t 1
0
0
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
o
ex
ec
u
te
m
ar
in
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
v
ia
an
ed
g
e
-
clo
u
d
s
y
s
tem
,
it
i
s
s
u
g
g
ested
in
th
e
a
b
o
v
e
in
v
es
tig
atio
n
an
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
e
r
f
o
r
d
elay
-
in
ten
s
iv
e
wo
r
k
l
o
ad
ex
ec
u
tio
n
.
T
h
ey
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
an
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
with
in
th
e
ab
o
v
e
s
ce
n
ar
io
t
h
at
m
in
im
iz
es
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
co
s
ts
,
an
d
m
ak
esp
an
y
et
ca
lcu
la
tin
g
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
's
in
b
o
u
n
d
jo
b
s
.
T
h
e
ex
is
tin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
wer
e
ex
am
i
n
ed
.
As
co
n
tr
asted
to
th
e
p
r
esen
t
d
esig
n
s
,
th
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
E
R
P
-
DI
SW
E
s
y
s
te
m
will
m
in
im
ize
th
e
m
ak
esp
an
,
en
er
g
y
,
an
d
c
o
s
t
esp
e
cially
wh
en
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
th
e
Sip
h
t
wo
r
k
lo
ad
.
B
ec
au
s
e
th
e
MFA
-
W
S
an
d
E
MS
m
o
d
els
wer
e
u
n
ab
le
to
s
h
o
r
ten
th
e
j
o
b
'
s
ex
ec
u
tio
n
ti
m
e
an
d
u
s
e
less
en
er
g
y
,
th
ei
r
co
s
ts
wer
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
in
c
r
ea
s
ed
.
T
h
e
E
MS
co
n
ce
p
t
d
id
n
o
t
s
h
o
r
ten
th
e
m
ak
esp
an
;
in
s
tead
,
it
c
o
n
ce
n
t
r
at
ed
p
r
im
a
r
ily
o
n
cu
ttin
g
co
s
ts
an
d
en
e
r
g
y
.
W
h
en
tak
in
g
i
n
to
ac
c
o
u
n
t
v
ar
y
in
g
w
o
r
k
lo
ad
s
,
th
e
MO
DR
L
-
PW
S
m
o
d
el
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
s
u
p
er
i
o
r
o
u
tc
o
m
es
with
r
e
g
ar
d
to
m
ak
esp
an
,
co
s
t,
an
d
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
b
u
t
it
was
u
n
a
b
le
to
lo
wer
o
v
e
r
all
co
s
ts
.
E
ac
h
o
f
th
e
ab
o
v
e
is
s
u
es
h
av
e
b
ee
n
r
eso
lv
e
d
in
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
m
o
d
el
E
R
P
-
DI
SW
E
,
wh
ich
h
as
im
p
r
o
v
ed
ef
f
icien
c
y
in
r
e
g
ar
d
t
o
co
s
t,
m
ak
esp
an
,
an
d
en
er
g
y
u
s
ag
e
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
m
o
d
el
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
s
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
o
n
e
.
I
m
p
r
o
v
ed
ef
f
icien
cy
is
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
b
y
o
u
tco
m
es
in
ter
m
s
o
f
co
s
ts
,
en
er
g
y
u
s
ag
e,
an
d
m
a
k
esp
an
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e,
th
is
wo
r
k
m
ay
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
f
o
r
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
ad
d
itio
n
al
s
cien
tific
wo
r
k
f
lo
ws,
s
u
ch
as
ep
ig
en
o
m
ics,
m
o
n
tag
e
,
an
d
i
n
s
p
ir
atio
n
.
Fu
tu
r
e
wo
r
k
c
o
n
s
id
er
s
v
alid
atin
g
th
e
m
o
d
el
u
s
in
g
wo
r
k
lo
ad
s
lik
e
m
o
n
tag
e
,
i
n
s
p
ir
al,
an
d
ep
ig
en
o
m
ics.
Alo
n
g
s
id
e
th
is
,
co
n
s
id
er
v
alid
atin
g
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
b
y
c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
o
th
er
p
a
r
am
eter
s
lik
e
d
ea
d
lin
e
an
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
u
tco
m
es.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
S
.
Q
i
n
,
D
.
P
i
,
Z
.
S
h
a
o
,
Y
.
X
u
,
a
n
d
Y
.
C
h
e
n
,
“
R
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p
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l
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c
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m,”
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y
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