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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
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N:
2088
-
8
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2373
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i
t
t
a
k
e
s
i
n
t
o
c
o
n
s
i
d
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
d
e
f
o
r
m
a
b
l
e
,
n
o
n
l
i
n
e
a
r
p
i
c
t
u
r
e
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
N
o
n
r
i
g
i
d
r
e
g
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
m
a
y
h
a
n
d
l
e
m
o
r
e
c
o
m
p
l
i
c
a
t
e
d
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
s
u
c
h
a
s
s
t
r
e
t
c
h
i
n
g
a
n
d
b
e
n
d
i
n
g
,
i
n
c
o
n
t
r
a
s
t
t
o
s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
(
“
r
i
g
i
d
”
)
r
e
g
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
m
e
t
h
o
d
s
,
w
h
i
c
h
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
o
n
l
y
t
r
a
n
s
l
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
r
o
t
a
t
i
o
n
.
T
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,
i
t
i
s
e
s
p
e
c
i
a
l
l
y
h
e
l
p
f
u
l
i
n
f
i
e
l
d
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
b
i
o
m
e
d
i
c
a
l
i
m
a
g
i
n
g
,
w
h
e
r
e
p
a
t
i
e
n
t
p
l
a
c
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
o
r
g
a
n
m
o
t
i
o
n
c
a
n
r
e
s
u
l
t
i
n
l
a
r
g
e
d
e
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
a
n
d
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
“
d
e
m
o
n
s
”
m
e
t
h
o
d
m
a
k
e
i
t
a
p
o
p
u
l
a
r
o
p
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
n
o
n
r
i
g
i
d
r
e
g
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
.
I
t
e
m
p
l
o
y
s
a
n
i
t
e
r
a
t
i
v
e
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
t
o
e
s
t
i
m
a
t
e
t
h
e
d
i
s
p
l
a
c
e
m
e
n
t
f
i
e
l
d
t
h
a
t
i
s
u
s
e
d
t
o
t
r
a
n
s
f
e
r
o
n
e
i
m
a
g
e
o
n
t
o
a
n
o
t
h
e
r
,
“
w
a
r
p
i
n
g
”
t
h
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
i
m
a
g
e
t
o
m
a
t
c
h
t
h
e
t
a
r
g
e
t
.
N
o
n
r
i
g
i
d
d
e
v
i
c
e
r
e
g
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
,
d
e
s
p
i
t
e
i
t
s
c
o
m
p
l
e
x
i
t
y
,
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
s
h
o
w
n
t
o
b
e
q
u
i
t
e
u
s
e
f
u
l
i
n
e
n
h
a
n
c
i
n
g
t
h
e
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
o
f
i
m
a
g
e
-
b
a
s
e
d
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
a
p
i
e
s
.
T
h
ir
io
n
s
u
g
g
ested
im
ag
e
m
at
ch
in
g
[
1
]
as
a
d
if
f
u
s
io
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
in
1
9
9
8
.
Usi
n
g
an
a
n
alo
g
y
with
Ma
x
well's
d
ev
ils
,
h
e
p
r
esen
te
d
th
e
id
ea
o
f
d
if
f
u
s
in
g
m
o
d
el
s
to
ca
r
r
y
o
u
t
im
ag
e
-
to
-
im
a
g
e
m
atch
in
g
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
A
d
em
o
n
s
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
im
ag
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
with
lo
ca
lly
ad
ap
tiv
e
r
eg
u
lar
izatio
n
was
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
C
ah
ill
et
a
l
.
in
2
0
0
9
[
2
]
.
I
n
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
,
th
ey
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
h
o
w
th
e
lin
ea
r
co
m
p
lex
ity
a
n
d
i
m
p
lem
en
t
ab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
d
em
o
n
s
alg
o
r
it
h
m
m
ay
b
e
p
r
eser
v
ed
wh
il
e
allo
win
g
f
o
r
im
ag
e
-
d
r
i
v
e
n
lo
ca
lly
a
d
ap
tiv
e
r
eg
u
lar
izatio
n
.
Dem
o
n
r
e
g
is
tr
atio
n
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
T
h
ier
r
y
et
a
l.
in
2
0
1
4
[
3
]
f
o
r
3
D
i
m
ag
es
ac
q
u
ir
e
d
v
ia
s
er
ial
b
lo
ck
f
ac
e
s
ca
n
n
in
g
el
ec
tr
o
n
m
icr
o
s
co
p
y
.
An
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
o
f
a
s
y
m
m
etr
ic
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
T
h
ir
io
n
'
s
d
em
o
n
’
s
m
eth
o
d
,
w
h
ich
was
u
s
ed
to
r
ea
lig
n
3
D
im
ag
es
ac
q
u
ir
ed
v
ia
s
er
ial
b
lo
ck
f
ac
e
s
ca
n
n
in
g
elec
tr
o
n
m
icr
o
s
co
p
y
(
SB
FS
E
M)
,
is
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
th
is
p
a
p
er
.
Pap
iez
et
a
l.
i
n
2
0
1
8
[
5
]
p
r
es
en
ted
a
d
ef
o
r
m
ab
le
im
ag
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
liv
er
ap
p
licatio
n
s
th
at
u
s
es
s
u
p
er
v
o
x
els
f
o
r
lo
ca
l
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
-
p
r
eser
v
in
g
r
eg
u
lar
izatio
n
.
Su
p
er
v
o
x
el
-
b
a
s
ed
m
o
tio
n
r
eg
u
la
r
izatio
n
was
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
o
f
f
er
in
g
i
n
teg
r
ate
d
d
is
co
n
tin
u
ity
p
r
eser
v
ati
o
n
p
r
i
o
r
to
m
o
tio
n
s
s
u
ch
as
s
lid
in
g
.
Mo
r
e
s
p
ec
if
ically
,
th
ey
u
s
e
d
q
u
ick
,
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
-
p
r
eser
v
in
g
g
u
id
e
d
f
ilter
in
g
in
p
lace
o
f
Gau
s
s
ian
s
m
o
o
th
in
g
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
,
lo
ca
lly
ad
a
p
tiv
e
r
eg
u
lar
izatio
n
o
f
th
e
esti
m
ated
d
is
p
lace
m
en
t
f
ield
.
T
h
e
wh
ale
o
p
tim
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
as
f
ir
s
t
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
Mir
jalili
an
d
L
ewis
in
2
0
1
6
[
4
]
.
T
h
e
wh
ale
o
p
tim
izatio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
(
W
OA)
,
a
r
e
v
o
lu
tio
n
ar
y
n
at
u
r
e
-
in
s
p
ir
e
d
m
etah
eu
r
is
tic
o
p
tim
izatio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
th
at
e
m
u
lates
h
u
m
p
b
ac
k
wh
ale
s
o
cial
b
e
h
av
io
r
,
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
.
A
s
y
s
tem
atic
r
ev
iew
o
f
W
OA
was
p
r
o
v
i
d
ed
b
y
Nad
im
i
-
Sh
ah
r
ak
i
et
a
l.
in
2
0
2
3
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
W
OA
was
ex
am
in
ed
cr
itically
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
ad
v
an
ce
m
en
ts
in
W
OA
o
v
er
th
e
last
f
iv
e
y
ea
r
s
we
r
e
th
en
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
ly
r
ev
iewe
d
in
th
is
ar
ticle.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
w
o
r
k
u
s
es
W
OA
-
b
ased
n
o
n
r
ig
id
d
em
o
n
s
r
e
g
is
tr
atio
n
an
d
c
o
m
p
ar
es
it
with
th
e
p
ar
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
izatio
n
[
7
]
(
PS
O)
-
b
ased
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
.
T
h
e
r
est
o
f
th
e
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
ws:
s
ec
tio
n
2
d
is
cu
s
s
es
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
in
v
o
l
v
ed
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
is
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
3
,
th
e
r
esu
lts
ar
e
an
aly
ze
d
an
d
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
4
,
a
n
d
th
e
p
ap
er
co
n
clu
d
es in
s
ec
tio
n
5
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
u
s
e
s
two
m
ajo
r
tech
n
iq
u
es:
n
o
n
r
ig
id
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atio
n
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
an
d
th
e
W
OA.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
in
teg
r
ates
two
ad
v
a
n
ce
d
t
ec
h
n
iq
u
es
to
en
h
a
n
ce
th
e
im
a
g
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
an
d
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es.
No
n
r
ig
id
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
atio
n
r
eg
is
tr
ati
o
n
is
e
m
p
lo
y
e
d
t
o
ac
c
u
r
atel
y
alig
n
im
ag
es
b
y
ac
co
m
m
o
d
atin
g
c
o
m
p
lex
d
ef
o
r
m
atio
n
s
,
allo
win
g
f
o
r
a
m
o
r
e
p
r
ec
is
e
m
a
p
p
in
g
o
f
an
at
o
m
ic
al
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
h
an
d
les
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
s
h
a
p
e
an
d
s
ize,
m
ak
in
g
it
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
u
s
ef
u
l
in
m
ed
ical
im
ag
in
g
.
Similar
ly
,
th
e
W
OA
is
u
tili
z
ed
to
en
h
an
ce
p
a
r
am
eter
tu
n
i
n
g
an
d
s
ea
r
ch
ef
f
icien
cy
wit
h
in
th
e
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
.
I
n
s
p
ir
ed
b
y
th
e
s
o
cial
b
e
h
a
v
io
r
o
f
wh
ales,
th
e
W
OA
o
p
tim
izes
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
b
y
s
im
u
la
tin
g
th
eir
h
u
n
tin
g
s
tr
ateg
ies,
th
u
s
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
o
v
er
all
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
im
ag
e
r
e
g
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
d
y
n
a
m
ic
co
n
tex
ts
.
T
h
ey
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
b
elo
w:
2
.
1
.
De
m
o
ns
re
g
is
t
ra
t
io
n
I
m
ag
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
[
8
]
is
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
co
m
p
u
ter
v
is
io
n
an
d
i
m
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
th
at
alig
n
s
two
o
r
m
o
r
e
im
ag
es
o
f
th
e
s
am
e
s
ce
n
e
tak
en
at
d
if
f
er
en
t
tim
es,
f
r
o
m
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
v
iewp
o
in
ts
,
o
r
b
y
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
en
s
o
r
s
.
I
t
is
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
task
s
s
u
ch
as
o
b
jec
t
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
,
3
D
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
cti
o
n
,
an
d
m
ed
ical
im
a
g
in
g
.
T
h
e
ter
m
“
d
em
o
n
s
”
in
im
ag
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
[
1
]
s
p
ec
if
ic
ally
r
ef
er
s
to
a
ty
p
e
o
f
alg
o
r
ith
m
u
s
ed
f
o
r
n
o
n
r
ig
id
im
a
g
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
.
No
n
r
ig
id
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
is
u
s
ed
wh
e
n
th
e
t
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
b
etwe
en
i
m
ag
e
s
in
v
o
lv
es
lo
ca
l
d
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
,
s
u
ch
as
in
m
e
d
ical
im
ag
es
wh
er
e
o
r
g
an
s
ca
n
s
lig
h
tly
ch
an
g
e
s
h
ap
e
b
etwe
en
s
c
an
s
.
T
h
e
d
e
m
o
n
s
alg
o
r
ith
m
o
p
er
ates
b
y
iter
ativ
ely
d
ef
o
r
m
i
n
g
o
n
e
im
a
g
e
to
m
atc
h
an
o
th
er
.
I
t
esti
m
ates
th
e
d
is
p
lace
m
en
t
f
ield
(
v
ec
to
r
f
ield
i
n
d
icatin
g
h
o
w
p
i
x
els
m
o
v
e
f
r
o
m
o
n
e
im
ag
e
to
th
e
o
th
er
)
b
y
m
in
im
izin
g
a
n
en
e
r
g
y
f
u
n
ctio
n
th
at
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
b
etwe
en
th
e
im
ag
es.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
o
f
ten
im
p
lem
en
ted
v
ia
g
r
a
d
ien
t
d
escen
t
o
r
s
im
ilar
o
p
tim
izatio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es.
T
h
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il
20
25
:
2
3
7
2
-
2
3
8
0
2374
o
v
er
all
g
o
al
o
f
im
ag
e
r
eg
is
t
r
atio
n
[
2
]
,
[
3
]
is
t
o
f
in
d
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
th
at
m
in
im
ize
th
e
d
is
cr
ep
an
cy
b
etwe
en
th
e
im
ag
es
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
ch
o
s
en
s
im
ilar
ity
m
etr
ic.
T
h
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
ch
o
ice
o
f
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
(
co
s
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
p
ac
e,
a
n
d
o
p
tim
izatio
n
s
tr
ateg
y
)
d
ep
e
n
d
s
o
n
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
th
e
im
ag
es
an
d
th
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
(
s
u
ch
as
s
p
ee
d
,
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
a
n
d
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
to
n
o
is
e
o
r
ar
tifa
cts).
I
n
m
ed
ical
im
ag
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
,
in
c
o
r
p
o
r
atin
g
r
eg
u
lar
izer
s
in
to
th
e
c
o
s
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
h
elp
s
t
o
e
n
f
o
r
ce
s
m
o
o
th
n
ess
o
r
co
n
tin
u
ity
in
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
ield
.
T
h
ese
r
eg
u
lar
izer
s
p
lay
cr
u
cial
r
o
l
es
in
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
a
n
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
esp
ec
i
ally
wh
en
d
ea
lin
g
with
co
m
p
lex
d
ef
o
r
m
atio
n
s
o
r
n
o
is
y
d
ata.
W
h
ile
d
em
o
n
s
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
o
f
f
er
s
p
o
wer
f
u
l
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
f
o
r
alig
n
in
g
b
io
m
ed
ical
im
ag
es,
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
s
u
ch
as
o
n
e
-
to
-
o
n
e
m
a
p
p
in
g
s
an
d
d
if
f
eo
m
o
r
p
h
is
m
en
s
u
r
es
th
at
t
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
ar
e
b
io
lo
g
ically
p
la
u
s
ib
le
an
d
clin
ically
m
ea
n
in
g
f
u
l.
T
h
e
s
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
ts
ar
e
c
r
u
cial
f
o
r
ad
v
a
n
cin
g
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
an
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
m
e
d
ical
im
ag
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
in
d
iag
n
o
s
tic
an
d
th
er
ap
eu
tic
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
No
n
r
ig
id
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
is
cr
u
cia
l
in
m
ed
ical
im
ag
in
g
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
e
d
ef
o
r
m
a
b
le
n
atu
r
e
o
f
s
o
f
t
tis
s
u
e
s
an
d
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
p
r
ec
is
e
alig
n
m
en
t
in
v
ar
io
u
s
clin
ical
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
is
is
wh
y
n
o
n
r
ig
id
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
m
ed
ical
im
ag
es,
a
lo
n
g
with
s
o
m
e
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
i
ts
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
an
d
r
ev
iews
i
n
th
e
f
ield
s
o
f
s
o
f
t
tis
s
u
e
d
ef
o
r
m
atio
n
,
tu
m
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
o
th
er
s
.
So
f
t
tis
s
u
es
in
th
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
o
d
y
ca
n
u
n
d
er
g
o
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
d
ef
o
r
m
atio
n
s
d
u
e
to
f
ac
t
o
r
s
s
u
ch
as
o
r
g
an
m
o
v
e
m
en
t,
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
ch
an
g
es,
o
r
p
ath
o
lo
g
ies
s
u
ch
as
tu
m
o
r
s
.
No
n
r
ig
id
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
[
9
]
allo
ws
th
ese
d
ef
o
r
m
atio
n
s
to
b
e
ca
p
tu
r
ed
ac
cu
r
ately
o
v
er
tim
e.
I
n
th
e
d
em
o
n
’
s
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
d
ef
o
r
m
ab
le
im
a
g
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
(
DI
R
)
,
th
e
b
asic
id
ea
is
th
at
ce
n
tr
o
id
s
in
th
e
s
tatic
(
r
ef
er
en
ce
)
im
ag
e
ex
er
t
lo
ca
l
f
o
r
ce
s
(
o
r
“
d
em
o
n
s
”
)
th
at
ca
n
ad
ju
s
t
th
e
g
r
ay
lev
el
in
th
e
m
o
v
in
g
im
a
g
e
to
alig
n
with
th
e
s
tatic
im
ag
e.
Du
r
in
g
ea
ch
iter
atio
n
o
f
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
[
6
]
,
a
d
is
p
lac
em
en
t
v
ec
to
r
=
(
,
,
)
is
ap
p
lied
to
ea
c
h
ce
n
tr
o
id
in
th
e
m
o
v
in
g
im
ag
e
t
o
p
r
o
g
r
ess
iv
ely
d
ef
o
r
m
it
to
war
d
b
etter
alig
n
m
en
t w
ith
th
e
s
tatic
im
ag
e
(
+
1
)
=
(
(
)
−
(
0
)
)
(
0
)
(
(
)
−
(
0
)
)
2
+
|
(
0
)
|
2
(
1
)
2
.
2
.
Wha
le
o
pti
m
iza
t
io
n a
l
g
o
rit
hm
I
n
2
0
1
6
,
Mir
jalili
an
d
L
ewis
[
4
]
cr
ea
ted
t
h
e
wh
ale
o
p
tim
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
(
W
OA)
,
an
o
p
tim
izatio
n
m
eth
o
d
i
n
s
p
ir
ed
b
y
n
atu
r
e
.
I
t
im
itates
h
u
m
p
b
ac
k
wh
ale
s
o
cial
b
eh
av
i
o
r
[
7
]
,
esp
ec
ially
th
e
d
is
tin
ctiv
e
b
u
b
b
le
-
n
et
f
ee
d
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
e.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
u
s
ed
to
r
eso
lv
e
ch
allen
g
in
g
o
p
tim
izatio
n
is
s
u
es
in
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
d
o
m
ain
s
an
d
f
alls
u
n
d
e
r
th
e
la
r
g
er
u
m
b
r
ella
o
f
s
war
m
in
tellig
en
ce
.
B
u
b
b
le
n
et
f
ee
d
in
g
is
a
u
n
iq
u
e
ac
tiv
ity
o
f
h
u
m
p
b
ac
k
wh
ale
s
,
in
wh
ich
th
ey
en
cir
cle
a
s
ch
o
o
l
o
f
f
is
h
in
s
p
ir
al
-
s
h
ap
ed
b
u
b
b
les in
a
n
attem
p
t to
ca
tch
th
em
.
T
h
r
ee
b
asic step
s
ar
e
in
v
o
lv
ed
in
t
h
is
b
eh
av
io
r
:
−
E
n
cir
clin
g
p
r
ey
:
W
h
ales
en
cir
cle
th
eir
p
r
ey
b
y
s
wim
m
in
g
in
a
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
cir
cle;
−
B
u
b
b
le
-
n
et
attac
k
:
T
h
ey
b
u
ild
a
cy
lin
d
r
ical
n
et
b
y
b
lo
win
g
b
u
b
b
les
as
th
ey
p
lu
n
g
e
d
o
wn
an
d
s
wim
u
p
war
d
s
in
a
s
p
ir
al
p
atter
n
;
−
Feed
in
g
:
W
h
ales
s
wim
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
n
et
a
n
d
ea
t tr
ap
p
ed
f
is
h
.
T
h
e
W
OA
m
im
ics
th
e
en
cir
cli
n
g
,
b
u
b
b
le
-
n
et
attac
k
,
an
d
f
ee
d
in
g
m
eth
o
d
s
o
f
h
u
m
p
b
ac
k
w
h
ales
b
y
u
s
in
g
th
ese
b
eh
av
io
r
s
to
d
ir
ec
t
th
e
s
ea
r
c
h
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
T
h
e
th
r
ee
p
r
im
a
r
y
s
tag
es
o
f
th
e
W
OA
alg
o
r
ith
m
ar
e
d
esig
n
ed
t
o
s
im
u
late
th
e
h
u
n
tin
g
b
e
h
av
io
r
o
f
wh
ales m
ath
em
atica
lly
:
2
.
2
.
1
.
E
ncircling
p
rey
On
ce
th
ey
lo
ca
te
th
eir
m
ea
l,
wh
ales c
ir
cle
ar
o
u
n
d
t
h
em
.
T
h
e
b
est p
o
ten
tial so
lu
tio
n
is
r
eg
ar
d
ed
as th
e
p
r
ey
o
r
tar
g
et
in
th
e
o
p
tim
izat
io
n
s
ettin
g
.
W
h
ale
p
o
s
itio
n
s
a
r
e
u
p
d
ated
in
ac
c
o
r
d
an
ce
with
th
e
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
th
e
b
est s
o
lu
tio
n
th
u
s
f
ar
d
is
co
v
er
ed
.
T
h
is
b
eh
a
v
io
r
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
(
2
)
,
(
3
)
:
D⃗
=
∣
C
⃗
⋅
X
⃗
∗
(
t
)
−
X
⃗
(
t
)
∣
(
2
)
X
⃗
(
t
+
1
)
=
X
⃗
∗
(
t
)
−
A
⃗
⋅
D
⃗
(
3
)
wh
er
e
⃗
∗
is
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
v
ec
to
r
o
f
th
e
b
est s
o
lu
tio
n
,
⃗
is
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
v
ec
to
r
o
f
th
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t so
lu
tio
n
,
is
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t iter
atio
n
,
⃗
an
d
⃗
ar
e
co
e
f
f
icien
t v
ec
to
r
s
ca
lcu
lated
as
(
4
)
,
(
5
)
:
A
⃗
⃗
⃗
=
2
a
⃗
⃗
⋅
r
⃗
−
a
⃗
⃗
(
4
)
C
⃗
=
2
⋅
r
⃗
(
5
)
W
h
er
e
a
⃗
⃗
d
ec
r
ea
s
es lin
ea
r
ly
f
r
o
m
2
to
0
o
v
e
r
th
e
co
u
r
s
e
o
f
th
e
iter
atio
n
s
,
an
d
r
⃗
is
a
r
an
d
o
m
v
e
cto
r
in
[
0
,
1
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
R
ev
o
lu
tio
n
iz
in
g
n
o
n
r
ig
id
De
mo
n
s
r
eg
is
tr
a
tio
n
w
ith
th
e
w
h
a
le
o
p
timiz
a
tio
n
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
(
A
b
h
is
ek
R
o
y
)
2375
2
.
2
.
2
.
B
ub
ble
-
net
a
t
t
a
ck
ing
m
et
ho
d
T
wo
m
eth
o
d
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
ac
h
iev
e
th
e
b
u
b
b
le
-
n
et
f
ee
d
in
g
s
tr
ateg
y
:
a
s
p
ir
al
u
p
d
atin
g
p
o
s
itio
n
an
d
a
s
h
r
in
k
in
g
e
n
cir
clin
g
m
ec
h
an
is
m
.
−
Sh
r
in
k
in
g
en
cir
clin
g
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
:
T
h
is
m
ec
h
an
is
m
is
ac
co
m
p
lis
h
ed
b
y
lo
wer
i
n
g
a
⃗
⃗
,
wh
ich
s
h
o
r
te
n
s
th
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
A
⃗
⃗
⃗
s
an
d
p
er
m
its
wh
ales to
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
p
r
ey
m
o
r
e
s
lo
wly
.
−
Sp
ir
al
u
p
d
atin
g
p
o
s
itio
n
:
T
h
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
im
u
lates
th
e
way
wh
ales
m
o
v
e
in
a
h
elix
as
th
e
y
g
et
clo
s
er
to
th
eir
m
ea
l.
T
h
e
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
in
m
ath
em
atics is
:
X
⃗
⃗
⃗
(
t
+
1
)
=
D
⃗
⃗
⃗
′
⋅
⋅
c
os
(
2π
l
)
+
X
⃗
∗
(
t
)
(
6
)
wh
er
e
⃗
⃗
⃗
′
is
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
b
etwe
en
th
e
wh
ale
a
n
d
t
h
e
p
r
ey
,
is
a
c
o
n
s
tan
t
d
ef
in
i
n
g
th
e
s
h
ap
e
o
f
t
h
e
lo
g
ar
it
h
m
ic
s
p
ir
al
,
an
d
is
a
r
an
d
o
m
n
u
m
b
er
in
[
-
1
,
1
]
.
Usi
n
g
a
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
p
,
a
r
an
d
o
m
s
elec
tio
n
is
m
ad
e
b
etwe
en
th
e
s
p
ir
al
m
o
d
el
an
d
th
e
s
h
r
in
k
in
g
en
cir
clin
g
m
ec
h
an
is
m
to
u
p
d
a
te
th
e
wh
ale'
s
p
o
s
itio
n
.
2
.
2
.
3
.
Sea
rc
h f
o
r
p
rey
T
h
e
W
OA
ad
d
itio
n
ally
p
er
m
i
ts
wh
ales
to
s
ea
r
ch
at
r
an
d
o
m
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
.
T
h
is
s
tag
e
is
esp
ec
ially
h
elp
f
u
l
in
b
r
o
ad
e
n
in
g
th
e
s
co
p
e
o
f
th
e
s
ea
r
ch
an
d
p
r
ev
en
ti
n
g
lo
ca
l
o
p
tim
a.
T
h
is
b
eh
av
i
o
r
’
s
m
ath
em
atica
l m
o
d
el
is
as
(
7
)
,
(
8
)
:
D
⃗
=
∣
C
⃗
⋅
X
⃗
r
an
d
−
X
⃗
∣
(
7
)
⃗
(
+
1
)
=
⃗
−
⃗
.
⃗
(
8
)
wh
er
e
⃗
is
a
r
an
d
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
v
e
cto
r
ch
o
s
en
f
r
o
m
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t p
o
p
u
latio
n
.
I
n
c
o
n
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
,
t
h
e
w
h
al
e
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
g
o
r
it
h
m
i
s
a
s
t
r
o
n
g
a
n
d
a
d
a
p
t
a
b
l
e
o
p
t
i
m
i
za
t
i
o
n
t
o
o
l
th
a
t
d
r
a
w
s
i
n
s
p
i
r
a
ti
o
n
f
r
o
m
h
u
m
p
b
a
c
k
w
h
a
l
e
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
i
n
it
s
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
s
ta
t
e
.
T
h
is
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
s
a
n
o
v
e
l
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
f
o
r
s
o
l
v
i
n
g
c
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
i
n
g
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
ati
o
n
p
r
o
b
l
e
m
s
b
e
c
a
u
s
e
o
f
i
t
s
d
i
s
t
i
n
ct
i
v
e
m
e
t
h
o
d
o
f
m
i
m
i
c
k
i
n
g
t
h
e
b
u
b
b
l
e
-
n
e
t
f
e
e
d
i
n
g
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
.
T
h
e
v
e
r
s
a
t
i
li
ty
a
n
d
e
a
s
e
o
f
u
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
W
O
A
m
a
k
e
i
t
a
n
i
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
t
a
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
t
o
t
h
e
f
a
m
i
l
y
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
e
-
i
n
s
p
i
r
e
d
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
a
ti
o
n
a
lg
o
r
i
t
h
m
s
,
a
s
i
t
m
a
y
b
e
e
m
p
l
o
y
ed
s
u
c
c
e
s
s
f
u
l
l
y
i
n
a
v
a
r
i
e
t
y
o
f
co
n
t
e
x
t
s
.
3.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
m
o
n
o
m
o
d
al
i
m
ag
es
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
o
b
tain
e
d
f
r
o
m
a
ten
n
is
v
i
d
eo
[
1
2
]
wer
e
in
itially
s
o
u
r
ce
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
af
o
r
em
en
tio
n
ed
d
ata
b
ase,
as
d
ep
icted
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
s
elec
ted
im
ag
es
wer
e
s
en
t
to
th
e
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
.
Dem
o
n
s
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
was
a
p
p
lied
to
t
h
e
tar
g
et
im
ag
e.
T
h
e
wh
ale
o
p
t
im
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
o
p
tim
ize
d
th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
th
e
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atio
n
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
,
wh
er
e
t
h
e
win
d
o
w
s
ize
o
f
t
h
e
Gau
s
s
ian
f
ilter
was
o
p
tim
ized
in
t
h
e
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
20
--
1
0
0
,
w
h
ile
th
e
s
ig
m
a
v
alu
e
v
ar
ied
f
r
o
m
0
--
2
0
.
M
o
n
o
m
o
d
a
l
T
e
n
n
i
s
V
i
d
e
o
I
m
a
g
e
s
R
e
g
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
O
u
t
p
u
t
i
m
a
g
e
C
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e
b
e
s
t
f
i
t
(
C
o
r
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
)
I
n
i
t
i
a
l
i
z
e
n
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
s
r
a
n
d
o
m
l
y
A
p
p
l
y
O
p
t
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
f
o
r
e
a
c
h
P
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
(
k
1
,
k
2
,
k
3
)
U
p
d
a
t
e
p
o
s
i
t
i
o
n
(
l
o
c
a
l
s
e
a
r
c
h
)
<
n
O
p
t
i
m
i
z
e
d
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
(
k
1
,
k
2
,
k
3
)
P
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
f
o
r
R
e
g
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
Y
e
s
No
D
e
m
o
n
s
r
e
g
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2
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8
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I
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r
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20
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2376
I
n
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
wo
r
k
,
th
e
wh
ale
o
p
tim
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
h
as
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
,
an
d
it
h
as
b
ee
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
e
p
ar
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
izat
io
n
-
b
ased
n
o
n
r
ig
i
d
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
[
1
3
]
,
[
1
4
]
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
in
v
o
lv
es
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
a
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
m
o
n
o
m
o
d
al
ten
n
is
v
id
eo
im
ag
es.
I
t
s
tar
ts
w
ith
d
em
o
n
s
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
an
d
p
a
r
am
eter
i
n
itializatio
n
,
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
an
o
p
tim
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
ap
p
lied
t
o
ea
ch
p
ar
am
eter
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
iter
ates
th
r
o
u
g
h
lo
ca
l
s
ea
r
ch
u
p
d
ates,
ca
lcu
latin
g
th
e
b
est
f
it
v
ia
co
r
r
elatio
n
u
n
til
o
p
tim
ized
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
ac
h
ie
v
ed
.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
A
R
y
ze
n
5
3
.
2
GHz
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
an
d
MA
T
L
AB
R
2
0
1
8
a
w
er
e
u
s
ed
to
test
an
d
ex
ec
u
te
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
wo
r
k
'
s
p
ictu
r
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
,
p
ar
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
izatio
n
,
an
d
wh
ale
o
p
tim
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
th
e
m
o
n
o
m
o
d
al
d
ataset
is
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
e
v
alu
atio
n
p
ar
am
ete
r
was
th
e
c
o
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
icien
t
b
etwe
en
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
im
a
g
e
an
d
th
e
f
in
is
h
ed
im
ag
e
.
T
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
u
n
d
e
r
b
o
t
h
th
e
W
OA
an
d
PS
O
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
was
f
ix
ed
at
1
5
.
T
ab
le
1
lis
ts
th
e
ass
ess
m
en
t
m
etr
ics
as
well
as
th
e
th
r
ee
p
ar
am
eter
s
(
k
1
,
k
2
,
an
d
k
3
)
th
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
tu
n
e
d
f
o
r
th
e
d
em
o
n
s
r
e
g
is
tr
atio
n
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
W
OA.
T
ab
le
1
.
W
h
ale
o
p
tim
izatio
n
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
-
b
ased
n
o
n
r
ig
id
d
em
o
n
s
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
I
t
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
k
1
k
2
k
3
B
e
s
t
f
i
t
n
e
ss
(
c
o
r
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
)
P
r
o
c
e
ss
i
n
g
t
i
me
(
s
e
c
o
n
d
s)
5
35
20
20
0
.
5
9
8
6
1
1
9
.
9
3
10
62
99
20
0
.
6
8
5
0
2
0
1
.
0
5
15
90
96
20
0
.
6
9
2
8
3
2
2
.
2
1
20
99
99
20
0
.
6
9
3
2
4
1
0
.
5
5
25
99
99
20
0
.
6
9
3
2
4
8
8
.
7
3
30
99
99
20
0
.
6
9
3
2
5
9
7
.
6
4
T
ab
le
2
s
h
o
ws
th
at
as
a
r
esu
lt o
f
th
e
p
ar
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
iza
tio
n
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
alg
o
r
ith
m
-
b
ased
n
o
n
r
ig
id
d
em
o
n
s
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
.
T
h
e
o
p
tim
al
v
alu
e
was
o
b
t
ain
ed
af
te
r
th
e
2
5
th
g
en
er
atio
n
at
th
e
b
est
f
itn
ess
v
alu
e
o
f
0
.
6
9
2
5
,
wh
ich
was
th
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
r
e
f
er
en
ce
an
d
r
eg
is
ter
ed
im
ag
es
.
E
s
tab
lis
h
in
g
th
at
th
e
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
er
r
o
r
was sig
n
if
ican
tly
lo
w.
T
ab
le
2
.
Par
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
izatio
n
-
b
ased
n
o
n
r
ig
id
d
em
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ased
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Fig
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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t J E
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&
C
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g
I
SS
N:
2088
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u
r
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3
s
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ale
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ased
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ased
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Fig
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3
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2
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4
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wo
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q
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[
2
8
]
h
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lo
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f
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p
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r
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r
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task
s
:
th
e
W
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[
1
8
]
an
d
PSO
[
1
4
]
.
C
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m
p
ar
ed
with
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tim
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tech
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t
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O
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cc
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f
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lly
to
h
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le
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ag
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ch
allen
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tim
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ca
n
in
f
lu
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h
o
w
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f
f
ec
tiv
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th
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alg
o
r
ith
m
s
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f
o
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m
.
Ov
er
all,
t
h
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d
ata
in
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d
Fig
u
r
es
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clea
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ly
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ased
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am
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O
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ased
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m
s
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p
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d
ac
cu
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ac
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.
F
it
n
e
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v
a
l
u
e
(
c
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rre
latio
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)
Ti
m
e
tak
e
n
(S
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c
o
n
d
s)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
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m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il
20
25
:
2
3
7
2
-
2
3
8
0
2378
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
A
p
r
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is
in
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ev
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m
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in
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v
is
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n
d
m
e
d
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ag
in
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wh
ale
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tim
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b
ased
n
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n
r
ig
i
d
d
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o
n
s
r
eg
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tr
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n
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y
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tili
zin
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th
e
in
tellig
en
ce
o
f
wh
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p
tim
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n
,
th
is
m
eth
o
d
ef
f
icien
tly
m
an
ag
es
im
ag
e
r
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is
tr
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d
ef
ec
ts
,
r
esu
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i
n
in
c
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ea
s
ed
ac
cu
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ac
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a
n
d
e
f
f
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.
I
ts
ap
p
licatio
n
in
b
io
m
ed
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im
ag
i
n
g
h
as
p
r
o
v
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in
v
alu
a
b
le,
im
p
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o
v
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n
g
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
d
iag
n
o
s
tic
p
r
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s
s
es
an
d
tr
ea
tm
en
ts
,
d
esp
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o
m
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co
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p
u
tatio
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al
c
h
allen
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I
m
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
ts
in
th
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
will su
r
ely
lead
to
ev
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g
r
ea
ter
s
p
ee
d
an
d
p
r
ec
is
io
n
as
r
esear
ch
c
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n
tin
u
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e
n
h
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g
t
h
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en
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m
ed
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ag
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h
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g
t
h
e
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ig
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if
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ce
o
f
n
o
n
r
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g
id
d
em
o
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ic
r
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is
tr
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n
in
th
e
AI
an
d
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
in
d
u
s
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T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
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wo
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p
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v
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ex
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g
d
em
o
n
’
s
r
eg
is
tr
atio
n
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
.
Fro
m
th
e
ab
o
v
e
d
is
cu
s
s
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n
,
alo
n
g
with
T
ab
les
2
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d
3
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
3
,
it
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q
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ite
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r
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f
r
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r
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Fig
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[
1
]
J.
-
P
.
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3
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