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I
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UCT
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R
esear
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wo
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wid
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[
1
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6
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[
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Nev
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I
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8
6
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87
n
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9
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C
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eq
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3
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1
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1
3
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C
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ticles
[
1
4
]
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[
1
6
]
th
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ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
u
s
es
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic.
Dif
f
er
e
n
t
au
th
o
r
s
s
u
g
g
est
v
ar
io
u
s
s
tr
ateg
ies,
with
[
1
7
]
u
s
in
g
le
v
eln
ess
an
d
[
1
8
]
r
ely
in
g
o
n
p
o
wer
b
alan
ce
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
p
o
wer
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
s
ee
m
s
to
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
,
as e
v
id
en
ce
d
in
with
[
1
6
]
-
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
d
escr
ib
es
win
d
-
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
'
s
p
o
wer
m
a
n
a
g
em
en
t
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
l.
Fo
r
th
is
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
we
will
f
ir
s
t
p
r
esen
t
th
e
g
lo
b
al
s
y
s
tem
u
n
d
er
c
o
n
s
id
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
n
,
we
will
s
u
g
g
est
a
n
e
n
er
g
y
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
s
tr
ateg
y
th
at
will
d
eliv
er
p
o
wer
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
f
o
r
ea
ch
s
o
u
r
ce
(
win
d
,
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic,
b
atter
y
,
an
d
d
iesel
g
en
er
ato
r
)
f
o
r
a
n
o
p
tim
al,
u
n
i
n
ter
r
u
p
ted
lo
ad
s
u
p
p
ly
.
T
h
e
lo
a
d
is
r
ep
r
esen
te
d
b
y
a
v
ar
iab
le
r
esis
to
r
.
Fin
ally
,
to
v
alid
ate
th
is
m
an
ag
em
en
t stra
teg
y
,
we
co
n
s
id
er
s
o
m
e
s
im
u
latio
n
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
th
at
th
e
s
y
s
tem
will lik
ely
u
n
d
er
g
o
.
2.
G
L
O
B
A
L
SYS
T
E
M
P
R
E
S
E
NT
A
T
I
O
N
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
esen
ts
a
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
tem
th
at
co
m
b
in
es
two
r
e
n
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
c
es:
a
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
g
en
er
ato
r
to
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
an
d
a
win
d
g
en
er
at
o
r
t
o
co
n
v
er
t
win
d
en
e
r
g
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
im
a
r
y
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
is
to
u
s
e
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
win
d
-
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
to
s
u
p
p
ly
el
ec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
t
o
r
e
m
o
te
ar
ea
s
wh
er
e
t
h
e
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
is
p
r
o
h
ib
itiv
ely
ex
p
en
s
iv
e.
M
o
r
e
o
v
er
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
is
eq
u
ip
p
e
d
with
s
to
r
ag
e
b
atter
ies
an
d
a
d
iesel
g
en
er
ato
r
th
at
wo
u
ld
p
r
o
v
id
e
b
ac
k
u
p
p
o
wer
i
n
ca
s
e
o
f
a
lack
o
f
s
u
n
lig
h
t
o
r
win
d
.
T
h
ese
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
s
am
e
d
ir
ec
t
cu
r
r
en
t
DC
b
u
s
v
i
a
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
,
wh
o
s
e
r
o
le
is
to
en
s
u
r
e
p
o
wer
co
n
tr
o
l
a
n
d
a
co
n
s
tan
t
DC
v
o
ltag
e
d
esp
ite
lo
ad
v
ar
iatio
n
s
.
T
h
is
o
v
er
all
s
y
s
tem
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
ch
ain
co
m
p
r
is
es
a
3
k
W
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
e
n
er
ato
r
,
s
elf
-
ex
cited
b
y
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
b
an
k
o
f
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
,
allo
win
g
th
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
w
in
d
en
er
g
y
in
to
elec
tr
ical
en
e
r
g
y
[
2
2
]
-
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
is
g
en
er
ato
r
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
o
n
e
-
th
i
r
d
o
f
its
m
ax
im
u
m
p
o
wer
u
n
d
er
o
p
tim
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
A
p
u
ls
e
-
wid
th
m
o
d
u
latio
n
(
P
WM
)
r
ec
tifie
r
eq
u
ip
p
ed
with
a
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
-
b
ased
d
ir
e
ct
p
o
wer
co
n
tr
o
l
(
DPC
)
co
n
tr
o
l
law
en
ab
les
th
e
asy
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
er
ato
r
to
f
o
l
lo
w
a
g
iv
e
n
ac
tiv
e
p
o
we
r
r
e
f
er
en
ce
wh
ile
m
ain
tain
in
g
a
f
ix
ed
r
ec
tifie
r
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e,
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
[
2
6
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Pro
p
o
s
ed
s
tu
d
ied
DC
m
icr
o
g
r
id
Bo
o
s
t
Co
n
v
ert
er
Bu
ck
Co
n
v
ert
er
MPPT
So
l
ar
Pan
e
l
W
i
n
d
G
en
erat
o
r
PW
M
Rect
i
fi
er
Bu
ck
Co
n
v
ert
er
Bat
t
er
y
B
i
d
i
r
ect
i
o
n
al
D
C/
D
C
C
o
n
v
ert
er
L
o
ad
Bu
s
DC
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J
Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
6
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
20
2
5
:
86
-
95
88
A
r
eg
u
lated
DC
/DC
s
er
ies
c
o
n
v
er
ter
(
ch
o
p
p
er
)
allo
ws
h
av
in
g
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
v
o
ltag
e
u
s
e
f
u
l
to
th
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
to
th
e
DC
b
u
s
.
T
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
c
h
ain
is
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
a
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
ten
s
o
lar
p
an
els,
ea
ch
with
a
p
o
wer
o
f
6
0
W
,
co
n
v
er
ts
s
o
lar
e
n
er
g
y
in
to
elec
tr
i
ca
l
en
er
g
y
.
T
h
e
p
a
n
els
ar
e
c
o
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
DC
/DC
co
n
v
er
ter
(
s
tep
-
u
p
c
h
o
p
p
er
)
e
q
u
ip
p
e
d
with
a
m
ax
im
u
m
p
o
wer
p
o
in
t
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
(
MPPT
)
(
p
er
tu
r
b
a
n
d
o
b
s
er
v
e
with
r
ef
er
en
ce
tr
ac
k
in
g
)
co
n
tr
o
l
to
en
s
u
r
e
o
p
tim
al
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
all
th
e
p
an
els,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
[
3
]
,
[
2
7
]
,
[
2
8
]
.
A
r
eg
u
lated
D
C
/D
C
s
er
ies
ch
o
p
p
er
th
at
en
ab
les
th
e
d
esire
d
v
o
ltag
e
r
e
q
u
ir
e
d
b
y
th
e
c
o
n
n
ec
ti
o
n
to
th
e
DC
b
u
s
.
T
h
e
s
to
r
ag
e
ch
ain
co
m
p
r
is
es
a
lith
iu
m
-
io
n
b
a
tter
y
in
itially
ch
ar
g
ed
an
d
a
b
i
d
ir
ec
tio
n
al
DC
/DC
co
n
v
er
ter
,
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
a
n
e
n
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
s
y
s
tem
th
at
c
h
ar
g
es
an
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
es
th
e
b
atter
y
s
h
o
ws
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
[
2
7
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Dir
ec
t
p
o
wer
co
n
tr
o
l
d
iag
r
am
f
o
r
win
d
en
er
g
y
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Per
tu
r
b
an
d
o
b
s
er
v
e
MPPT
with
r
ef
er
en
ce
tr
ac
k
in
g
S
a
S
b
S
c
i
a
Sel
f
ex
ci
t
ed
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
g
en
era
t
o
r
S
c
S
b
S
a
L
O
A
D
C
dc
ANN
T
ab
l
e
PI
V
re
f
Cu
rren
t
meas
u
reme
n
t
an
d
Po
w
er
es
t
i
ma
t
i
o
n
R
L
C
W
i
n
d
t
u
rb
i
n
e
G
ear
b
o
x
P
P
re
f
q
q
re
f
=
0
V
dc
S
q
S
p
Ɵ
Re
fe
re
nc
e
t
r
a
c
ki
ng
V
Vn
-
V
Vn
-
1
>
0
> 0
V
Vn
-
V
Vn
-
1
>
0
> 0
P
Vn
-
P
Vn
-
1
>
0
> 0
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
No
No
No
Y
e
s
No
Y
e
s
No
No
P
Vn
=
P
r
e
f
P
Vn
=
P
Vn
-
1
P
r
e
f
-
P
Vn
>
0
Y
e
s
R
e
a
d
:
V
V
n
&
I
V
n
C
a
lcul
a
te
P
V
n
P
V
n
=
V
V
n
*
I
V
n
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
No
No
No
Y
e
s
MPPT
V
Vn
-
V
Vn
-
1
>
0
> 0
V
Vn
-
V
Vn
-
1
>
0
> 0
P
Vn
-
P
Vn
-
1
>
0
> 0
P
Vn
-
1
=
P
Vn
V
Vn
-
1
=
V
Vn
Upda
te
Ope
r
a
ti
on
V
r
e
f
=
V
r
e
f
+
∆
V
V
r
e
f
=
V
r
e
f
-
∆V
V
r
e
f
=
V
r
e
f
+
∆
V
V
r
e
f
=
V
r
e
f
-
∆V
V
r
e
f
=
V
r
e
f
+
∆
V
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
S
u
s
ta
in
a
b
le
e
n
erg
y
emp
o
w
ermen
t in
r
emo
te
r
eg
io
n
s
w
in
d
-
s
o
la
r
s
ystem
w
ith
in
tellig
en
t
…
(
R
a
b
a
h
R
o
u
a
s
)
89
2
.
1
.
M
o
del o
f
P
V
a
rr
a
y
I
n
th
e
tec
h
n
ical
liter
atu
r
e
we
f
in
d
s
ev
er
al
m
o
d
els
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
g
en
er
ato
r
s
(
with
o
n
e,
t
wo
o
r
t
h
r
ee
d
io
d
es).
T
h
ey
d
if
f
er
i
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
in
v
o
lv
ed
i
n
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
th
e
f
in
al
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
g
en
er
ato
r
.
T
h
e
s
in
g
le
-
d
io
d
e
m
o
d
el
is
th
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
ly
cit
ed
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e.
T
h
e
eq
u
i
v
alen
t
cir
cu
it
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
ch
ar
ac
ter
izes
it.
I
t
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
cu
r
r
en
t
s
o
u
r
ce
s
y
m
b
o
lizin
g
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
lu
m
in
o
u
s
f
lu
x
in
to
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
,
a
s
h
u
n
t
r
e
s
is
to
r
R
sh
ch
ar
ac
ter
izin
g
th
e
leak
ag
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
at
th
e
ce
ll
s
u
r
f
ac
e
d
u
e
to
th
e
n
o
n
-
id
ea
lity
o
f
t
h
e
PN
ju
n
ctio
n
,
an
d
im
p
u
r
ities
n
ea
r
th
e
ju
n
ctio
n
.
A
s
er
ies
r
esis
to
r
R
s
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
co
n
tact
an
d
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
r
esis
tan
ce
s
[
2
7
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
E
lectr
ical
d
ia
g
r
am
o
f
th
e
ch
o
p
p
er
co
n
v
er
ter
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
E
q
u
iv
alen
t c
ir
c
u
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8
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I
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W
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M
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T
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m
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p
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a
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f
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o
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ly
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ter
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b
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u
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
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N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
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d
u
ctio
n
.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
d
iesel
g
en
er
ato
r
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
a
last
r
eso
r
t.
E
n
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
p
er
ate
in
m
ax
im
u
m
p
o
wer
p
o
in
t
m
o
d
e,
an
d
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
tem
is
is
o
lated
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
we
h
a
v
e
p
r
o
v
id
ed
a
d
is
s
ip
ativ
e
lo
ad
th
at
s
er
v
es
as
an
"o
v
er
f
lo
w"
f
o
r
p
o
s
s
ib
le
o
v
e
r
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
.
T
h
e
o
p
er
atin
g
s
ch
em
e
o
f
t
h
is
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
,
w
h
er
e:
P
W
is
th
e
win
d
p
o
wer
,
P
pv
is
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
p
o
wer
,
P
ch
is
t
h
e
p
o
wer
r
eq
u
ir
ed
b
y
th
e
l
o
ad
,
So
C
is
th
e
ch
ar
g
ed
an
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
ed
s
tate
o
f
t
h
e
b
atter
y
(
s
tate
o
f
ch
ar
g
e)
,
∆P
1
is
th
e
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
b
etwe
en
th
e
win
d
p
o
we
r
an
d
th
e
p
o
wer
r
eq
u
ested
b
y
th
e
lo
ad
,
g
iv
en
b
y
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
eq
u
atio
n
:
1
=
−
ℎ
,
∆P2
is
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
b
et
wee
n
th
e
s
u
m
o
f
th
e
two
p
o
wer
s
,
n
am
ely
th
e
win
d
an
d
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic,
an
d
th
e
p
o
wer
r
eq
u
ested
b
y
th
e
lo
ad
,
g
iv
en
b
y
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
e
q
u
atio
n
:
2
=
(
+
)
−
ℎ
.
Fig
u
r
e
7.
E
n
er
g
y
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
f
lo
wch
ar
t
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
o
v
alid
ate
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
e
d
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
tr
ateg
y
b
y
s
im
u
l
atio
n
test
s
,
s
ev
er
al
p
o
s
s
ib
le
s
im
u
latio
n
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
to
b
e
e
n
co
u
n
ter
ed
b
y
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
tem
wer
e
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lt
s
ar
e
g
i
v
en
i
n
th
e
p
r
esen
ted
f
ig
u
r
es.
T
h
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
ar
e
d
esig
n
ed
to
in
v
o
lv
e
all
th
e
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
f
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
tem
.
4
.
1
.
Ca
s
e
where
∆P
1
>
0
,
∆P
2
>
0
a
nd
So
C
[
1
0
-
9
5
%]
T
h
is
ca
s
e
illu
s
tr
ates
a
s
im
u
latio
n
o
f
t
h
e
o
v
e
r
all
s
y
s
tem
,
wh
er
e
we
m
ad
e
a
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
th
e
ch
ar
g
in
g
p
o
wer
,
g
o
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
6
0
0
W
to
1
4
0
0
W
at
t
=
4
s
,
th
en
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
to
1
2
0
0
W
at
t
=
8
s
.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
b
atter
y
is
ch
ar
g
ed
t
o
5
0
%.
T
h
is
s
ce
n
ar
io
allo
wed
u
s
to
s
ee
th
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
'
s
r
ea
ctio
n
to
th
is
s
itu
atio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
s
8
(
a)
-
8
(
d
)
.
Read
:
P
pv
, P
w
, P
ch
,
So
C
∆
P
1
=
P
w
-
P
ch
∆
P
2
=
(P
w
+
P
pv
)
-
P
ch
∆
P
1
>
0
Y
es
So
C
>
9
5
%
P
ba
t
=
∆
P
1
P
ch
=
P
w
P
LD
=
∆
P
1
P
ch
=
P
w
Y
es
No
No
So
C
<
1
0
%
P
ch
=
P
w
+
P
pv
+
P
g
e
n
P
ch
=
P
w
+
P
pv
+
P
b
a
t
No
Y
es
No
∆
P
2
>
0
Y
es
So
C
>
9
5
%
P
ba
t
=
∆
P
2
P
ch
=
P
w
+
P
pv
Y
es
No
P
LD
=
∆
P
2
P
ch
=
P
w
+
P
pv
E
n
d
St
art
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J
Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
6
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
20
2
5
:
86
-
95
92
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
8.
Simu
latio
n
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
th
e
f
ir
s
t scen
ar
io
: (
a
)
p
o
wer
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
g
lo
b
al
s
y
s
tem
,
(
b
)
p
o
wer
d
eliv
er
ed
b
y
th
e
win
d
g
en
e
r
at
o
r
,
(
c)
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
g
en
er
at
o
r
,
a
n
d
(
d
)
b
atter
y
So
C
cu
r
v
e
4
.
2
.
Ca
s
e
where
∆P
1
>
0
,
∆P
2
>
0
a
nd
So
C
>
95%
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
we
r
ep
ea
ted
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ex
p
er
im
en
t,
b
u
t
th
e
b
atter
y
was
ch
ar
g
ed
to
m
o
r
e
th
an
9
5
%.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
es
9
(
a)
-
9
(
c
)
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
wh
en
th
e
b
atter
y
is
ch
ar
g
ed
(
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
b
)
)
,
th
e
au
x
iliar
y
lo
a
d
d
is
s
ip
ates th
e
s
u
r
p
lu
s
p
o
wer
,
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
c)
.
4
.
3
.
Ca
s
e
where
∆P
1
<
0
,
∆P
2
<
0
a
nd
So
C
<
10%
Fo
r
th
e
last
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
we
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
a
p
o
wer
v
ar
iatio
n
u
n
til
th
e
two
m
ain
s
o
u
r
ce
s
co
u
ld
n
o
lo
n
g
er
s
atis
f
y
th
e
lo
ad
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
h
at
th
e
b
atter
y
is
at
its
m
in
i
m
u
m
s
tate
o
f
ch
a
r
g
e.
T
h
is
s
itu
atio
n
im
p
o
s
es
th
e
tr
ig
g
er
in
g
o
f
th
e
d
iesel
g
e
n
er
a
to
r
,
wh
ic
h
m
u
s
t
s
u
p
p
ly
th
e
lo
a
d
d
em
a
n
d
.
I
t
is
wo
r
th
n
o
tin
g
t
h
at
th
e
g
en
er
at
o
r
is
s
ee
n
as a
co
n
s
tan
t so
u
r
ce
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
es 1
0
(
a)
-
1
0
(
e
)
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
Simu
latio
n
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
th
e
f
ir
s
t scen
ar
io
: (
a
)
p
o
wer
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
g
lo
b
al
s
y
s
tem
,
(
b
)
t
h
e
s
u
r
p
lu
s
p
o
wer
cu
r
v
e
,
a
n
d
(
c)
t
h
e
b
atter
y
So
C
cu
r
v
e
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0
300
600
800
1
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
1
4
0
0
1600
1800
2000
T
i
m
e
(
s
)
P
o
w
e
r
(
W)
P
P
c
h
-re
f
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0
300
600
800
1
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
1
4
0
0
1600
T
i
m
e
(
s
)
P
o
w
e
r
(
W)
P
-w
i
n
d
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0
100
200
300
400
500
T
i
m
e
(
s
)
P
o
w
e
r
(
W)
P
-p
v
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
4
9
.
9
8
4
9
.
9
9
50
5
0
.
0
1
5
0
.
0
2
T
i
m
e
(
s
)
S
o
C
(
%
)
S
o
C
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0
300
600
800
1
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
1
4
0
0
1600
1800
2000
T
i
m
e
(
s
)
P
o
w
e
r
(
W)
P
P
c
h
-re
f
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
T
i
m
e
(
s
)
P
o
w
e
r
(
W)
P
-L
D
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
90
92
94
95
96
98
100
T
i
m
e
(
s
)
S
o
C
(
%
)
S
o
C
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
S
u
s
ta
in
a
b
le
e
n
erg
y
emp
o
w
ermen
t in
r
emo
te
r
eg
io
n
s
w
in
d
-
s
o
la
r
s
ystem
w
ith
in
tellig
en
t
…
(
R
a
b
a
h
R
o
u
a
s
)
93
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
(
e)
Fig
u
r
e
10.
Simu
latio
n
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
th
e
th
ir
d
s
ce
n
ar
io
: (
a
)
p
o
wer
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
g
lo
b
al
s
y
s
tem
,
(
b
)
p
o
wer
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
wi
n
d
g
en
er
ato
r
,
(
c)
p
o
wer
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
g
en
er
a
to
r
,
(
d
)
p
o
wer
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
d
ie
s
el
g
en
er
ato
r
,
a
n
d
(
e
)
So
C
o
f
t
h
e
b
atter
y
Fro
m
0
to
4
s
,
th
e
win
d
g
e
n
e
r
ato
r
alo
n
e
is
s
u
f
f
icien
t
t
o
c
o
v
er
th
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
th
e
lo
ad
(
Fig
u
r
e1
0
(
d
)
)
.
Fro
m
4
s
o
n
war
d
s
,
th
e
win
d
g
en
er
ato
r
ca
n
o
n
ly
s
u
p
p
ly
a
p
a
r
t
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
d
em
a
n
d
ed
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
g
en
er
ato
r
c
o
m
es in
to
p
lay
to
s
u
p
p
ly
th
e
m
is
s
in
g
p
o
wer
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
(
b
)
)
.
At
t
=
8
s
,
an
ad
d
itio
n
al
p
o
wer
d
em
an
d
in
v
o
lv
es
th
e
d
iesel
g
en
er
ato
r
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
(
e)
)
,
as
th
e
b
atter
y
is
d
is
ch
ar
g
ed
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
(
c)
)
.
T
h
ese
th
r
ee
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
s
h
o
w
th
at
o
u
r
alg
o
r
ith
m
h
as
r
esp
o
n
d
ed
ac
cu
r
atel
y
to
th
e
b
a
s
ic
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
its
d
esig
n
.
I
n
d
e
ed
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
was
d
esig
n
ed
to
s
atis
f
y
th
e
lo
ad
d
em
an
d
c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
:
T
h
e
win
d
c
o
n
v
er
s
io
n
s
y
s
tem
as
th
e
lead
in
g
s
o
u
r
ce
,
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
as
a
b
ac
k
u
p
,
an
d
th
e
b
atter
y
as
a
s
to
r
ag
e
s
y
s
tem
in
ca
s
e
o
f
o
v
er
p
r
o
d
u
cti
o
n
o
r
a
b
ac
k
u
p
s
o
u
r
ce
in
ca
s
e
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
s
h
o
r
tag
e.
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5.
CO
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SI
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ra
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Un
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rsity
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Ti
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p
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ty
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c
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tri
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m
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rg
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c
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:
sa
lah
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h
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.
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