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Th
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1
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[
4
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On
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ab
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[
5
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[
7
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C
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9
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1
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[
1
1
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.
Alth
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I
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I
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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52
In
d
o
n
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J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ap
r
il
20
2
5
:
99
-
1
06
100
tem
p
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r
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an
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Ar
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Me
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[
1
2
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–
[
1
4
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.
T
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I
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wir
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[
5
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1
5
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.
T
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to
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al
d
r
y
i
n
g
r
ac
k
s
o
f
te
n
r
ely
o
n
m
an
u
al
in
te
r
v
en
tio
n
an
d
d
o
n
o
t
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
a
d
ap
t
to
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
en
tal
v
a
r
iab
les,
lead
in
g
t
o
in
ef
f
icien
cies
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
ed
en
e
r
g
y
u
s
ag
e
[
1
6
]
–
[
1
8
]
.
B
y
lev
er
ag
in
g
I
o
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
th
e
I
I
DR
S
o
f
f
er
s
a
n
o
v
el
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
d
r
y
in
g
e
f
f
icien
cy
an
d
u
s
er
ex
p
er
ien
ce
,
m
ak
in
g
it
a
v
alu
ab
le
co
n
t
r
ib
u
tio
n
t
o
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
h
o
m
e
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
aim
s
to
ac
h
iev
e
t
wo
p
r
im
ar
y
o
b
jectiv
es:
i
)
d
esig
n
in
g
an
d
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
th
e
I
o
T
I
I
DR
S
us
in
g
Ar
d
u
in
o
Me
g
a,
a
n
d
ii
)
i
n
teg
r
atin
g
wir
eless
co
n
tr
o
l a
n
d
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies th
r
o
u
g
h
a
W
i
-
Fi m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
s
ec
tio
n
s
will
d
etail
th
e
s
y
s
tem
’
s
d
esig
n
,
ev
alu
ate
its
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
an
d
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
h
o
w
th
e
I
I
DR
S
s
u
r
p
ass
es
ex
is
tin
g
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
in
ef
f
i
cien
c
y
,
a
d
ap
tab
i
lity
,
an
d
s
m
ar
t
h
o
m
e
in
teg
r
at
io
n
,
a
d
d
r
ess
in
g
t
h
e
g
ap
s
an
d
p
r
o
v
i
d
in
g
a
s
o
p
h
is
ticated
s
o
lu
tio
n
to
th
e
ch
allen
g
es
o
f
clo
th
es d
r
y
in
g
.
2.
RE
L
AT
E
D
WO
RK
T
h
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
I
o
T
I
I
D
R
S
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
p
iv
o
tal
ad
v
an
ce
m
en
t
in
t
h
e
d
o
m
ain
o
f
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
au
to
m
atio
n
,
o
f
f
er
in
g
a
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ativ
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
an
d
co
n
v
en
ien
c
e
o
f
clo
th
es
d
r
y
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es.
E
x
is
tin
g
wo
r
k
s
o
n
th
is
d
o
m
ain
d
elv
e
in
to
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
a
s
o
p
h
is
tic
ated
s
m
ar
t
clo
th
es
d
r
y
in
g
s
y
s
tem
r
o
o
ted
in
I
o
T
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
elu
ci
d
atin
g
its
in
tr
icate
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
ac
t
u
ato
r
s
to
o
r
ch
estra
te
d
r
y
in
g
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
with
p
r
ec
is
io
n
wh
ile
e
n
s
u
r
in
g
u
tm
o
s
t
en
er
g
y
e
f
f
icien
cy
an
d
u
s
er
s
ati
s
f
ac
tio
n
[
1
7
]
–
[
2
0
]
.
T
h
is
u
n
d
e
r
s
co
r
es
a
c
r
itical
p
a
r
ad
ig
m
s
h
if
t
to
war
d
s
a
u
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
an
d
ad
a
p
tiv
e
d
o
m
esti
c
ap
p
lian
ce
s
,
m
ir
r
o
r
in
g
th
e
b
r
o
a
d
er
tr
en
d
o
f
I
o
T
-
d
r
iv
e
n
s
m
ar
t h
o
m
es.
E
x
p
an
d
i
n
g
o
n
th
is
n
ar
r
ativ
e,
s
o
m
e
s
tu
d
y
p
r
esen
ts
a
p
io
n
ee
r
i
n
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
th
at
m
a
r
r
ies
I
o
T
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
with
im
ag
e
r
ec
o
g
n
iti
o
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
to
cr
af
t
d
y
n
am
ic
clo
th
es
d
r
y
in
g
s
y
s
tem
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
d
is
ce
r
n
in
g
a
n
d
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
n
u
a
n
ce
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
cu
es
in
r
ea
l
-
tim
e.
T
h
eir
s
tu
d
y
u
n
d
e
r
s
co
r
es
th
e
f
u
s
io
n
o
f
cu
ttin
g
-
ed
g
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
to
cr
ea
te
s
y
n
er
g
is
tic
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
th
at
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
o
p
tim
ize
d
r
y
in
g
e
f
f
icien
cy
b
u
t
also
m
itig
ate
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
im
p
ac
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
ju
d
icio
u
s
r
eso
u
r
ce
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
I
n
a
s
im
ilar
v
ein
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
4
]
o
f
f
er
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
th
e
d
esig
n
an
d
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
in
tr
icac
ies
o
f
in
tellig
en
t
d
r
y
in
g
r
ac
k
s
y
s
tem
s
,
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
th
eir
r
o
le
in
f
o
s
ter
in
g
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
liv
in
g
p
r
ac
tices
th
r
o
u
g
h
m
eticu
lo
u
s
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
ad
a
p
tiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
.
T
h
eir
r
esear
ch
n
o
t
o
n
ly
ad
v
a
n
ce
s
th
e
te
ch
n
ical
f
r
o
n
tier
b
u
t
also
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es
th
e
b
r
o
ad
e
r
im
p
licatio
n
s
o
f
I
o
T
-
en
ab
le
d
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
in
f
o
s
ter
i
n
g
ec
o
-
c
o
n
s
cio
u
s
life
s
ty
les.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
I
o
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
t
o
th
is
d
is
co
u
r
s
e
b
y
u
n
v
eilin
g
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
s
m
ar
t
clo
th
es
d
r
y
in
g
r
ac
k
s
y
s
tem
em
p
o
wer
e
d
b
y
I
o
T
,
u
n
d
er
lin
in
g
its
p
o
ten
tial
to
tr
an
s
ce
n
d
c
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
d
r
y
in
g
m
eth
o
d
s
b
y
s
ea
m
less
ly
in
teg
r
atin
g
with
u
s
er
s
'
d
aily
r
o
u
tin
es
wh
il
e
m
in
im
izin
g
en
er
g
y
ex
p
en
d
itu
r
e.
T
h
eir
wo
r
k
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es
th
e
im
p
er
ativ
e
f
o
r
a
h
o
lis
tic
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
wa
r
d
s
d
o
m
esti
c
au
to
m
atio
n
,
w
h
er
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
in
n
o
v
atio
n
co
n
v
er
g
es
with
u
s
er
-
ce
n
tr
ic
d
esig
n
p
r
in
cip
les
to
r
ed
ef
in
e
t
h
e
co
n
tem
p
o
r
a
r
y
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
lan
d
s
ca
p
e
[
2
5
]
–
[
2
8
]
.
T
h
e
i
n
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
I
o
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
in
h
o
u
s
eh
o
l
d
ap
p
lian
ce
s
h
as
g
ar
n
er
ed
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
t
atten
tio
n
f
o
r
its
p
o
ten
tial
to
en
h
a
n
ce
co
n
v
e
n
ien
ce
an
d
ef
f
icien
c
y
in
d
aily
task
s
.
E
x
is
tin
g
s
tu
d
ies
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
o
v
er
v
iew
o
f
I
o
T
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
s
m
ar
t
h
o
m
es,
em
p
h
asizin
g
th
eir
r
o
le
in
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
in
g
tr
a
d
itio
n
al
ap
p
lian
ce
s
in
to
in
tellig
en
t
s
y
s
tem
s
[
1
5
]
,
[
2
2
]
,
[
2
9
]
,
[
3
0
]
.
Sp
ec
if
ic
s
tu
d
ies
d
elv
e
in
to
t
h
e
d
esig
n
an
d
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
I
o
T
-
en
a
b
led
h
o
m
e
ap
p
lian
ce
s
,
s
h
o
wca
s
in
g
th
eir
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
in
o
p
tim
izin
g
en
er
g
y
u
s
ag
e
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
u
s
er
ex
p
er
ien
ce
[
3
1
]
,
[
3
2
]
.
M
o
r
e
o
v
er
,
s
o
m
e
wo
r
k
s
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
e
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
I
o
T
in
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
e
n
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
in
r
esid
en
tial
s
ettin
g
s
.
Un
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
u
s
er
p
er
s
p
e
ctiv
es
an
d
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
is
cr
u
ci
al
f
o
r
th
e
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
I
o
T
-
b
ased
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
in
h
o
m
es.
Ad
d
itio
n
al
ly
,
ass
ess
in
g
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
im
p
ac
t
a
n
d
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
im
p
licatio
n
s
o
f
s
m
ar
t
h
o
m
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
is
es
s
en
tial
f
o
r
d
esig
n
in
g
f
u
tu
r
e
-
p
r
o
o
f
s
y
s
tem
s
lik
e
th
e
I
I
DR
S.
B
y
s
y
n
th
esizin
g
in
s
ig
h
ts
f
r
o
m
th
ese
s
tu
d
ies,
we
ca
n
ap
p
r
ec
iate
t
h
e
b
r
o
ad
er
c
o
n
t
ex
t
o
f
I
o
T
-
en
a
b
led
h
o
m
e
ap
p
lian
ce
s
an
d
in
tellig
e
n
t sy
s
tem
s
,
lay
in
g
a
s
tr
o
n
g
th
e
o
r
etica
l f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
f
o
r
r
esear
ch
o
n
th
e
I
I
DR
S.
C
o
llectiv
ely
,
th
ese
s
em
in
al
s
tu
d
ies
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
e
th
e
b
u
r
g
e
o
n
in
g
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
I
o
T
-
e
n
ab
l
ed
d
r
y
i
n
g
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
to
tr
an
s
ce
n
d
tr
ad
iti
o
n
al
p
ar
ad
i
g
m
s
,
u
s
h
er
in
g
in
a
n
ew
er
a
o
f
ef
f
icien
cy
,
s
u
s
t
ain
ab
ilit
y
,
an
d
u
s
er
-
ce
n
tr
icity
in
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
c
h
o
r
es
.
Su
ch
ad
v
an
ce
m
en
ts
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
r
ed
ef
in
e
t
h
e
b
o
u
n
d
a
r
ies
o
f
d
o
m
esti
c
au
to
m
atio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
I
n
n
o
v
a
tin
g
h
o
u
s
eh
o
l
d
efficien
cy
:
th
e
in
tern
et
o
f th
in
gs
in
tellig
en
t d
r
yin
g
…
(
N
o
r
h
a
lid
a
Ot
h
ma
n
)
101
b
u
t
also
h
o
ld
p
r
o
f
o
u
n
d
im
p
li
ca
tio
n
s
f
o
r
s
o
cieta
l
r
esil
ien
ce
an
d
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
tal
s
tewa
r
d
s
h
ip
in
th
e
f
ac
e
o
f
ev
o
lv
in
g
life
s
ty
le
d
em
an
d
s
.
3.
M
E
T
H
O
D
3
.
1
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
d
ia
g
ra
m
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
d
ev
el
o
p
in
g
th
e
I
o
T
I
I
DR
S
u
s
in
g
th
e
Ar
d
u
in
o
Un
o
m
icr
o
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
,
aim
in
g
to
o
p
tim
ize
g
ar
m
en
t
d
r
y
in
g
b
y
p
r
o
tectin
g
clo
th
es
f
r
o
m
r
ain
an
d
en
s
u
r
in
g
id
ea
l
d
r
y
in
g
co
n
d
it
io
n
s
.
T
h
e
Ar
d
u
in
o
Un
o
is
s
elec
ted
f
o
r
its
s
tr
o
n
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
co
m
p
atib
ilit
y
with
v
ar
io
u
s
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
a
n
d
its
p
r
ev
alen
t
u
s
e
in
I
o
T
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
in
co
r
p
o
r
ates
th
r
ee
k
ey
s
en
s
o
r
s
:
a
r
ain
s
en
s
o
r
f
o
r
d
etec
tin
g
r
ain
f
all
,
a
lig
h
t
d
ep
en
d
en
t
r
esis
to
r
(
L
DR
)
s
en
s
o
r
f
o
r
m
e
asu
r
in
g
am
b
ien
t
lig
h
t,
an
d
a
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
a
n
d
h
u
m
i
d
ity
s
e
n
s
o
r
(
DHT
2
2
)
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
tal
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
s
en
s
o
r
s
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
cr
itical
d
ata
th
at
en
a
b
les
r
ea
l
-
tim
e,
ad
ap
tiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l o
f
th
e
d
r
y
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
to
en
h
a
n
ce
ef
f
icien
c
y
an
d
s
af
eg
u
ar
d
g
ar
m
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
Ar
d
u
in
o
Un
o
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
d
ata
to
m
a
n
ag
e
s
y
s
tem
o
p
er
atio
n
s
,
with
v
is
u
al
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
L
E
Ds
th
at
in
d
icate
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
tag
es
o
f
th
e
d
r
y
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
An
L
C
D
Dis
p
lay
s
h
o
ws
d
etailed
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
th
e
d
r
y
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
u
s
er
awa
r
en
ess
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l.
T
h
e
m
o
to
r
d
r
iv
e
r
L
2
9
8
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
DC
m
o
to
r
an
d
DC
f
an
,
wh
ich
ar
e
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
th
e
d
r
y
in
g
r
ac
k
'
s
d
y
n
am
ic
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
DC
m
o
to
r
h
an
d
les
th
e
ex
ten
s
io
n
an
d
r
etr
ac
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
d
r
y
in
g
r
ac
k
,
wh
ile
th
e
DC
Fan
im
p
r
o
v
es
air
cir
cu
latio
n
f
o
r
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
d
r
y
in
g
.
T
h
is
in
te
g
r
atio
n
o
f
ad
v
an
ce
d
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
a
n
d
u
s
er
-
f
r
ien
d
l
y
o
u
tp
u
t
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
aim
s
to
r
ev
o
lu
tio
n
ize
tr
ad
itio
n
a
l
d
r
y
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
o
f
f
er
in
g
im
p
r
o
v
ed
co
n
v
en
ie
n
ce
,
ef
f
icien
c
y
,
an
d
p
r
o
tectio
n
f
o
r
g
a
r
m
en
ts
ag
ain
s
t
ad
v
er
s
e
wea
th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
3
.
2
.
B
lo
c
k
dia
g
ra
m
a
nd
pro
j
ec
t
f
lo
wcha
rt
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
co
m
p
lete
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
ap
p
lied
I
I
DR
S
s
y
s
tem
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
th
e
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
an
d
f
lo
wch
ar
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
o
p
er
a
tio
n
.
T
h
e
b
l
o
ck
d
ia
g
r
am
is
d
e
p
icted
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
a)
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
a
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
o
v
er
v
iew
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
in
co
r
p
o
r
ates
f
o
u
r
d
is
tin
ct
in
p
u
t
d
ev
ices
an
d
th
r
ee
o
u
tp
u
t
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
.
I
n
p
u
t
d
ev
ices
co
n
s
is
t
o
f
a
R
ain
d
r
o
p
s
en
s
o
r
,
an
L
DR
s
en
s
o
r
,
a
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
h
u
m
id
ity
s
en
s
o
r
,
an
d
a
lim
it
s
witch
.
T
h
ese
s
en
s
o
r
s
co
llectiv
ely
g
ath
er
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
d
ata
ess
en
tial
f
o
r
th
e
s
y
s
tem
'
s
o
p
er
atio
n
a
n
d
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es.
C
o
n
v
er
s
ely
,
o
u
tp
u
t
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
s
er
v
e
t
o
co
n
v
ey
p
e
r
tin
en
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
en
ac
t
co
n
tr
o
l
ac
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
o
u
tp
u
t
is
f
ac
ilit
ated
b
y
a
DC
m
o
to
r
,
wh
ich
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
as
th
e
ac
tu
ato
r
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
m
o
v
in
g
th
e
d
r
y
i
n
g
r
ac
k
.
Ad
d
iti
o
n
ally
,
a
2
0
×4
L
C
D
d
is
p
lay
i
s
u
tili
ze
d
to
p
r
esen
t
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ata,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
r
ain
f
all
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
h
u
m
i
d
ity
lev
els.
L
astl
y
,
lig
h
t
em
itti
n
g
d
io
d
e
(
L
E
D)
i
n
d
icato
r
s
ar
e
em
p
lo
y
e
d
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
v
is
u
al
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
,
s
ig
n
alin
g
d
ev
iatio
n
s
f
r
o
m
p
r
ed
ef
in
e
d
th
r
esh
o
ld
s
s
et
f
o
r
s
en
s
o
r
r
ea
d
in
g
s
.
B
y
in
teg
r
atin
g
th
ese
in
p
u
t
an
d
o
u
t
p
u
t
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
m
o
n
ito
r
s
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
in
itiates
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
ac
tio
n
s
,
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icate
s
cr
u
cial
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es
th
e
s
y
s
tem
atic
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ad
o
p
te
d
in
d
esig
n
in
g
an
d
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
th
e
I
I
DR
S,
en
s
u
r
in
g
r
o
b
u
s
t p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
u
s
er
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
o
p
er
atio
n
in
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
ld
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
.
T
h
e
f
lo
wch
ar
t
d
etailin
g
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
o
f
th
e
I
I
DR
S
p
r
o
ject
is
d
ep
icted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ject
co
m
m
en
ce
d
with
a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
k
ey
v
ar
iab
le
s
,
en
c
o
m
p
ass
in
g
t
h
e
L
C
D
d
is
p
lay
o
f
r
ain
d
r
o
p
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
,
am
b
i
en
t
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
v
alu
es,
a
n
d
h
u
m
id
ity
lev
els
in
th
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
s
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
L
DR
s
en
s
o
r
was
em
p
lo
y
e
d
to
m
o
n
ito
r
s
u
n
lig
h
t
a
v
ailab
ilit
y
.
Su
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
g
ath
e
r
ed
s
en
s
o
r
d
ata,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
ly
ac
tiv
ates
th
e
L
E
D
in
d
icat
o
r
s
an
d
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
th
e
d
r
y
in
g
f
a
n
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
is
au
to
m
ated
p
r
o
ce
s
s
en
s
u
r
es
ef
f
icien
t
m
an
a
g
em
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
d
r
y
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
p
r
ev
ailin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
to
en
h
a
n
ce
u
s
er
en
g
ag
em
e
n
t
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
teg
r
ates
a
W
i
-
Fi
m
o
d
u
le
th
at
f
ac
ilit
at
es
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
with
th
e
B
ly
n
k
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
is
in
ter
f
ac
e,
u
s
er
s
r
ec
eiv
e
tim
ely
aler
ts
a
n
d
u
p
d
ates
r
eg
a
r
d
in
g
th
e
d
r
y
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
en
a
b
lin
g
r
em
o
te
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
l
f
r
o
m
an
y
wh
e
r
e
with
i
n
ter
n
et
co
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
.
T
h
e
I
I
DR
S
p
r
o
ject
aim
s
to
o
p
tim
ize
clo
t
h
e
s
d
r
y
in
g
ef
f
icien
cy
wh
ile
en
h
an
cin
g
u
s
er
co
n
v
e
n
ien
ce
an
d
in
ter
ac
tio
n
.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
ad
v
an
ce
d
s
e
n
s
o
r
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies,
au
to
m
ated
c
o
n
tr
o
l
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
s
,
an
d
r
em
o
te
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tio
n
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es
th
e
p
r
o
ject'
s
co
m
m
itm
en
t to
d
eliv
er
in
g
a
s
o
p
h
is
ticated
an
d
u
s
er
-
ce
n
tr
ic
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
m
o
d
er
n
h
o
u
s
eh
o
l
d
n
ee
d
s
.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
NS
T
h
e
I
o
T
I
I
DR
S
was
d
ev
elo
p
ed
to
en
h
a
n
ce
th
e
clo
th
es
d
r
y
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
b
y
ad
a
p
tin
g
to
v
ar
y
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
lim
itatio
n
s
o
f
tr
ad
itio
n
al
d
r
y
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
.
Simu
lati
o
n
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
wca
s
e
h
o
w
I
I
DR
S
ad
ju
s
ts
to
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
s
u
ch
as
ch
an
g
es
in
r
ain
,
lig
h
t,
an
d
h
u
m
id
ity
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
in
teg
r
ates
s
ev
er
al
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
:
an
Ar
d
u
i
n
o
Un
o
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
a
r
ai
n
d
r
o
p
s
en
s
o
r
,
a
L
DR
s
en
s
o
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I
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52
In
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h
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co
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b
in
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o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
m
icr
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o
ller
s
allo
ws
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I
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to
m
o
n
ito
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an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
d
r
y
in
g
c
o
n
d
itio
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s
in
r
ea
l
-
tim
e,
o
p
tim
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g
d
r
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in
g
ef
f
icien
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wh
ile
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ed
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g
en
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
'
s
ab
ilit
y
to
r
etr
ac
t
th
e
d
r
y
i
n
g
r
ac
k
wh
en
r
ain
is
d
etec
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h
elp
s
p
r
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es
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m
g
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ain
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c
o
m
m
o
n
is
s
u
e
with
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ad
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al
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s
.
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d
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ally
,
it
m
an
a
g
es
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u
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id
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b
y
ac
tiv
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g
th
e
f
a
n
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atin
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d
r
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g
ev
e
n
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n
f
av
o
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ab
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th
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h
is
s
im
u
latio
n
an
d
test
in
g
r
ev
ea
l
th
at
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I
DR
S
n
o
t
o
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ly
im
p
r
o
v
es
d
r
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g
ef
f
icien
c
y
b
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t
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tes
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y
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in
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ar
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en
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h
e
s
ch
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atic
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r
a
m
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es
th
e
s
o
p
h
is
ticated
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
th
ese
co
m
p
o
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e
n
ts
,
h
ig
h
lig
h
ti
n
g
th
e
p
r
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ject'
s
tech
n
ical
c
o
m
p
lex
ity
an
d
its
p
o
ten
tial f
o
r
p
r
ac
tical
ap
p
licatio
n
in
s
m
ar
t h
o
m
e
en
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ir
o
n
m
en
ts
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
illu
s
tr
ates
C
o
n
d
itio
n
1
,
wh
er
e
th
er
e
is
n
o
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ain
f
all,
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r
ig
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m
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m
id
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lev
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I
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th
is
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ar
io
,
all
th
r
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L
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Ds
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ed
,
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r
a
n
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n
d
y
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ar
e
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r
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ed
o
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,
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n
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icatin
g
th
at
th
e
en
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ir
o
n
m
en
tal
co
n
d
itio
n
s
ar
e
o
p
tim
al
f
o
r
d
r
y
in
g
.
T
h
e
DC
m
o
to
r
is
in
th
e
OUT
p
o
s
itio
n
,
wh
ich
m
ea
n
s
th
e
d
r
y
in
g
r
ac
k
is
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etr
ac
ted
,
a
n
d
th
e
DC
f
an
i
s
also
in
ac
tiv
e,
r
ef
lectin
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
’
s
en
er
g
y
-
s
av
in
g
a
p
p
r
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ac
h
d
u
r
in
g
f
a
v
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r
a
b
le
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th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
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h
is
s
etu
p
h
i
g
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
s
y
s
tem
'
s
ab
ilit
y
to
ef
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icien
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tili
ze
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
b
y
m
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im
izin
g
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co
n
s
u
m
p
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n
wh
en
co
n
d
itio
n
s
ar
e
id
ea
l.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
Fig
u
r
e
3
d
ep
icts
C
o
n
d
itio
n
2
,
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
r
ai
n
f
all
b
u
t
with
b
r
i
g
h
t
a
n
d
h
ig
h
h
u
m
id
ity
.
Her
e,
th
e
r
e
d
an
d
o
r
an
g
e
L
E
Ds
r
em
ain
o
f
f
,
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ile
t
h
e
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ello
w
L
E
D
lig
h
ts
u
p
t
o
s
ig
n
al
elev
a
ted
h
u
m
id
ity
lev
els.
T
h
e
DC
m
o
to
r
co
n
tin
u
es
to
k
ee
p
th
e
d
r
y
in
g
r
ac
k
in
th
e
OUT
p
o
s
itio
n
,
an
d
th
e
D
C
f
an
s
tay
s
in
ac
tiv
e
to
co
n
s
er
v
e
en
er
g
y
.
T
h
is
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
y
s
t
em
’
s
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
to
ad
ju
s
t
its
o
p
er
atio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
h
u
m
i
d
ity
,
m
ain
tain
in
g
ef
f
icien
cy
wh
ile
c
o
n
s
er
v
in
g
e
n
er
g
y
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Dev
el
o
p
m
en
t
o
f
I
I
DR
S
:
(
a)
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
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d
(
b
)
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lo
wch
ar
t
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
No
r
ain
,
b
r
ig
h
t a
n
d
n
o
t h
u
m
id
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
No
r
ain
,
b
r
ig
h
t a
n
d
h
u
m
id
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
I
n
n
o
v
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tin
g
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efficien
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103
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itio
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3
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ated
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icate
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ed
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s
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n
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t,
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ile
th
e
r
e
d
an
d
y
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L
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Ds
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e
o
f
f
.
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h
e
DC
m
o
to
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k
ee
p
s
t
h
e
d
r
y
in
g
r
ac
k
r
etr
ac
ted
,
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d
th
e
DC
f
an
r
em
ain
s
in
ac
tiv
e,
r
ef
lectin
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
'
s
ef
f
icien
t
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
er
v
atio
n
an
d
d
r
y
i
n
g
o
p
tim
izatio
n
in
th
ese
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
Fig
u
r
e
5
(
C
o
n
d
itio
n
4
)
s
h
o
ws
lo
w
b
r
ig
h
tn
ess
co
m
b
in
ed
with
h
ig
h
h
u
m
i
d
ity
,
wh
er
e
th
e
o
r
an
g
e
a
n
d
y
ello
w
L
E
Ds
ar
e
lit
to
s
ig
n
al
r
ed
u
ce
d
s
u
n
lig
h
t
an
d
h
ig
h
h
u
m
id
ity
le
v
els.
Desp
ite
th
e
DC
m
o
to
r
s
til
l
k
ee
p
in
g
th
e
r
ac
k
r
etr
ac
ted
an
d
th
e
DC
f
an
in
ac
tiv
e,
th
e
h
ig
h
er
h
u
m
i
d
ity
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
p
r
esen
ts
a
m
o
r
e
c
h
allen
g
in
g
d
r
y
in
g
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
en
t
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
lo
w
h
u
m
id
ity
s
ce
n
ar
io
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
u
s
,
wh
ile
b
o
th
co
n
d
itio
n
s
in
v
o
lv
e
m
i
n
im
al
o
p
er
atio
n
al
c
h
an
g
es,
Fig
u
r
e
8
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
s
y
s
tem
'
s
ab
i
lity
to
h
an
d
le
m
o
r
e
d
em
an
d
in
g
d
r
y
in
g
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
No
r
ain
,
n
o
t b
r
ig
h
t,
a
n
d
n
o
t
h
u
m
id
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
No
r
ain
,
n
o
t b
r
ig
h
t a
n
d
h
u
m
id
Fig
u
r
es
6
an
d
7
b
o
th
d
ep
ict
s
c
en
ar
io
s
with
r
ain
f
all
b
u
t
d
if
f
e
r
in
te
r
m
s
o
f
am
b
ien
t
h
u
m
id
ity
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
C
o
n
d
itio
n
5
)
s
h
o
ws
b
r
i
g
h
t
b
u
t
n
o
n
-
h
u
m
id
co
n
d
itio
n
s
with
r
ain
f
all,
wh
er
e
th
e
r
ed
L
E
D
is
o
n
to
i
n
d
icate
r
ain
,
wh
ile
th
e
o
r
an
g
e
an
d
y
ello
w
L
E
Ds
ar
e
o
f
f
.
T
h
e
DC
m
o
to
r
is
in
th
e
I
N
p
o
s
itio
n
,
m
ea
n
in
g
th
e
d
r
y
i
n
g
r
ac
k
is
ex
ten
d
ed
to
p
r
o
tect
clo
t
h
es
f
r
o
m
g
ettin
g
wet,
an
d
t
h
e
DC
f
an
r
em
ain
s
in
ac
tiv
e
as
h
u
m
id
ity
is
lo
w.
C
o
n
v
er
s
ely
,
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
C
o
n
d
iti
o
n
6
)
illu
s
tr
ates
a
s
ce
n
ar
io
wi
th
b
o
th
r
ai
n
f
all
an
d
h
ig
h
h
u
m
i
d
ity
.
Her
e,
th
e
r
e
d
an
d
y
ello
w
L
E
Ds
ar
e
lit
to
s
ig
n
al
r
ain
an
d
h
ig
h
h
u
m
id
ity
,
r
e
s
p
ec
tiv
ely
,
wh
ile
th
e
or
a
n
g
e
L
E
D
is
o
f
f
.
T
h
e
D
C
m
o
to
r
is
also
in
th
e
I
N
p
o
s
itio
n
,
i
n
d
icatin
g
th
e
ex
ten
d
ed
d
r
y
in
g
r
ac
k
,
b
u
t
th
e
DC
f
an
is
a
ctiv
ated
to
m
an
a
g
e
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
h
u
m
id
ity
a
n
d
en
h
an
ce
d
r
y
in
g
ef
f
icien
cy
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
at
wh
ile
b
o
th
co
n
d
itio
n
s
in
v
o
lv
e
an
ex
ten
d
e
d
r
ac
k
to
s
h
ield
ag
a
i
n
s
t
r
ain
,
Fig
u
r
e
9
ad
d
ed
h
u
m
id
ity
r
e
q
u
ir
es
th
e
DC
Fan
to
ass
is
t
with
d
r
y
in
g
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
th
e
s
y
s
t
em
'
s
ad
ap
tab
ilit
y
to
v
ar
y
in
g
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
ch
allen
g
es.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
R
ain
,
b
r
ig
h
t a
n
d
n
o
t
h
u
m
id
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
R
ain
,
b
r
ig
h
t a
n
d
h
u
m
id
F
i
g
u
r
e
s
8
a
n
d
9
b
o
t
h
d
e
p
i
c
t
s
c
en
a
r
i
o
s
w
it
h
r
a
i
n
f
a
l
l
b
u
t
v
a
r
y
i
n
b
r
i
g
h
t
n
e
s
s
a
n
d
h
u
m
i
d
i
t
y
le
v
e
l
s
.
F
i
g
u
r
e
8
(
C
o
n
d
itio
n
7
)
s
h
o
ws
r
ain
with
lo
w
s
u
n
lig
h
t
an
d
n
o
h
u
m
i
d
ity
.
Her
e,
th
e
r
ed
L
E
D
in
d
icate
s
r
ain
,
th
e
o
r
an
g
e
L
E
D
s
ig
n
als
r
ed
u
ce
d
s
u
n
lig
h
t,
an
d
th
e
y
ello
w
L
E
D
r
em
ain
s
o
f
f
.
T
h
e
DC
m
o
to
r
is
in
th
e
I
N
p
o
s
itio
n
,
m
ea
n
i
n
g
th
e
d
r
y
in
g
r
ac
k
is
ex
ten
d
ed
to
p
r
o
tect
clo
th
es f
r
o
m
th
e
r
ain
,
wh
ile
th
e
DC
f
an
is
in
ac
tiv
e
d
u
e
to
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
h
u
m
id
ity
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
C
o
n
d
itio
n
8
)
also
s
h
o
ws
r
ai
n
b
u
t
with
lo
w
b
r
ig
h
t
n
ess
an
d
h
ig
h
h
u
m
i
d
ity
.
All
L
E
Ds
r
ed
,
o
r
a
n
g
e,
a
n
d
y
ell
o
w
ar
e
lit
to
in
d
icate
r
ai
n
,
lo
w
s
u
n
lig
h
t,
an
d
h
ig
h
h
u
m
id
ity
,
r
es
p
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
DC
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ap
r
il
20
2
5
:
99
-
1
06
104
Mo
to
r
r
em
ain
s
in
th
e
I
N
p
o
s
it
io
n
to
k
ee
p
th
e
r
ac
k
ex
ten
d
e
d
,
b
u
t
th
e
DC
Fan
is
ac
tiv
ated
to
m
an
ag
e
t
h
e
h
ig
h
h
u
m
id
ity
an
d
aid
in
d
y
i
n
g
.
T
h
i
s
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
illu
s
tr
ates
th
at
wh
ile
b
o
th
co
n
d
itio
n
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
an
ex
ten
d
ed
r
ac
k
to
s
h
ield
f
r
o
m
r
ain
,
Fig
u
r
e
9
’
s
h
ig
h
er
h
u
m
id
ity
n
ec
ess
itates
t
h
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
ac
tiv
atio
n
o
f
th
e
DC
f
an
to
en
s
u
r
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
d
r
y
in
g
,
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
’
s
ab
ilit
y
to
ad
ap
t to
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
lex
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
v
ar
iab
les.
T
h
e
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
an
d
s
im
u
latio
n
o
f
t
h
e
I
o
T
I
I
DR
S
h
av
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
im
p
licatio
n
s
f
o
r
s
m
ar
t
h
o
m
e
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
b
y
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
its
ab
ilit
y
to
ad
ap
t
to
v
ar
y
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
,
m
ak
i
n
g
it
id
ea
l
f
o
r
r
eg
i
o
n
s
w
ith
u
n
p
r
e
d
ictab
le
wea
th
er
p
atter
n
s
.
B
y
m
in
im
izin
g
m
an
u
al
in
ter
v
en
ti
o
n
an
d
o
p
tim
izin
g
en
er
g
y
u
s
e,
I
I
DR
S
p
r
o
m
o
tes
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
m
an
ag
em
en
t
a
n
d
ex
em
p
lifie
s
t
h
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
I
o
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
in
n
o
v
ate
h
o
m
e
au
to
m
atio
n
an
d
s
m
ar
t
liv
i
n
g
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
.
I
ts
m
o
d
u
lar
d
esig
n
,
u
tili
zin
g
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
lik
e
th
e
Ar
d
u
in
o
Me
g
a
a
n
d
W
i
-
Fi
m
o
d
u
le,
p
o
s
itio
n
s
I
I
DR
S
as
a
p
r
o
to
t
y
p
e
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
s
m
ar
t
h
o
m
e
a
p
p
lian
ce
s
,
o
f
f
er
in
g
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
an
d
a
d
ap
tab
ilit
y
f
o
r
o
t
h
er
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
task
s
.
Fu
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
co
u
l
d
b
u
ild
o
n
th
is
b
y
in
teg
r
atin
g
a
d
d
itio
n
al
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
to
en
h
an
ce
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
an
d
ef
f
icien
cy
,
wh
ile
d
ata
co
llected
f
r
o
m
I
I
DR
S
co
u
ld
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
co
n
tr
ib
u
tin
g
to
m
o
r
e
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
liv
in
g
p
r
ac
tices.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
R
ain
,
n
o
t b
r
i
g
h
t a
n
d
n
o
t h
u
m
id
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
R
ain
,
n
o
t b
r
i
g
h
t a
n
d
h
u
m
id
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
I
o
T
I
I
DR
S
h
as
b
ee
n
m
e
ticu
lo
u
s
ly
d
esig
n
ed
to
g
ath
e
r
an
d
an
aly
ze
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
d
ata
f
r
o
m
s
en
s
o
r
s
s
u
ch
as
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
h
u
m
id
ity
,
lig
h
t,
an
d
r
ain
,
en
ab
lin
g
au
to
m
at
ed
ad
j
u
s
tm
en
ts
th
at
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
d
r
y
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
r
e
d
u
ce
en
e
r
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
an
d
p
r
o
tect
g
ar
m
en
ts
f
r
o
m
a
d
v
er
s
e
wea
th
er
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
.
R
ig
o
r
o
u
s
s
im
u
latio
n
an
d
test
in
g
h
a
v
e
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
I
I
DR
S'
s
ab
ilit
y
to
co
n
tr
o
l
o
p
er
atio
n
s
in
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
e
f
f
icien
t
r
eso
u
r
ce
u
tili
za
tio
n
an
d
r
ed
u
cin
g
o
p
er
atio
n
al
co
s
ts
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
's
in
teg
r
atio
n
with
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
s
an
d
s
m
ar
t
h
o
m
e
s
y
s
tem
s
en
h
an
ce
s
u
s
er
co
n
v
en
ien
ce
a
n
d
p
r
o
m
o
tes
s
ea
m
less
d
aily
r
o
u
tin
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
t
h
e
d
ata
co
llect
ed
allo
ws
f
o
r
l
o
n
g
-
te
r
m
a
n
al
y
s
is
an
d
tr
e
n
d
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
,
f
a
cilitatin
g
p
r
o
ac
tiv
e
m
ain
ten
an
ce
an
d
o
p
tim
izatio
n
,
th
er
eb
y
p
r
ev
e
n
tin
g
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
f
ailu
r
es
an
d
r
ed
u
cin
g
d
o
wn
tim
e.
I
I
DR
S
also
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
to
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
g
o
als
b
y
m
in
im
izin
g
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
a
n
d
waste,
lo
wer
in
g
th
e
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
ca
r
b
o
n
f
o
o
t
p
r
in
t.
Ou
r
r
esear
ch
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es
th
e
im
p
o
r
ta
n
ce
o
f
in
tellig
en
t
s
y
s
tem
s
in
im
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
ef
f
icien
cy
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
s
tewa
r
d
s
h
ip
.
I
I
DR
S
ex
em
p
lifie
s
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ativ
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
I
o
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
in
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
task
s
,
s
ettin
g
a
n
ew
s
tan
d
ar
d
f
o
r
in
tellig
en
t
h
o
m
e
s
y
s
tem
s
an
d
p
a
v
in
g
th
e
way
f
o
r
a
f
u
ll
y
au
to
m
ated
,
in
ter
c
o
n
n
ec
te
d
s
m
ar
t
h
o
m
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
Fu
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
co
u
ld
a
d
ap
t
I
I
DR
S
p
r
in
cip
les
to
o
th
e
r
ap
p
lian
ce
s
,
in
teg
r
atin
g
a
d
v
an
ce
d
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
m
ac
h
in
e
le
ar
n
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
to
en
h
a
n
c
e
ad
ap
tab
i
lity
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
u
ltima
tely
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
a
s
u
s
tain
ab
le,
ef
f
icien
t,
a
n
d
co
m
f
o
r
tab
le
f
u
tu
r
e
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
ex
ten
d
th
eir
ap
p
r
ec
iatio
n
to
th
e
Sch
o
o
l
o
f
E
lec
tr
ical
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
Un
iv
e
r
s
iti
T
ek
n
o
lo
g
i
MA
R
A
(
UiT
M)
,
C
awa
n
g
an
J
o
h
o
r
,
Kam
p
u
s
Pas
ir
Gu
d
a
n
g
f
o
r
th
eir
in
v
alu
ab
le
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
a
n
d
ass
is
tan
ce
d
u
r
in
g
th
is
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
ject,
wh
ic
h
p
l
ay
ed
a
p
i
v
o
tal
r
o
le
in
th
e
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l c
u
lm
in
atio
n
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
F
.
A
l
s
h
e
h
r
i
a
n
d
G
.
M
u
h
a
mm
a
d
,
“
A
co
mp
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
r
n
e
t
o
f
t
h
i
n
g
s
(
I
o
T)
a
n
d
A
I
-
b
a
se
d
sm
a
r
t
h
e
a
l
t
h
c
a
r
e
,
”
I
EEE
Ac
c
e
ss
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
p
p
.
3
6
6
0
–
3
6
7
8
,
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
A
C
C
ESS
.
2
0
2
0
.
3
0
4
7
9
6
0
.
[
2
]
S
.
R
e
k
h
a
,
L
.
Th
i
r
u
p
a
t
h
i
,
S
.
R
e
n
i
k
u
n
t
a
,
a
n
d
R
.
G
a
n
g
u
l
a
,
“
S
t
u
d
y
o
f
se
c
u
r
i
t
y
i
ss
u
e
s
a
n
d
so
l
u
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
i
n
t
e
r
n
e
t
o
f
t
h
i
n
g
s
(
I
o
T)
,
”
Ma
t
e
r
i
a
l
s T
o
d
a
y
:
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
,
v
o
l
.
8
0
,
p
p
.
3
5
5
4
–
3
5
5
9
,
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
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:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
ma
t
p
r
.
2
0
2
1
.
0
7
.
2
9
5
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
I
n
n
o
v
a
tin
g
h
o
u
s
eh
o
l
d
efficien
cy
:
th
e
in
tern
et
o
f th
in
gs
in
tellig
en
t d
r
yin
g
…
(
N
o
r
h
a
lid
a
Ot
h
ma
n
)
105
[
3
]
S
.
S
.
D
h
a
m
g
a
y
e
,
S
.
V
.
S
o
n
e
k
a
r
,
a
n
d
M
.
M
.
B
a
i
g
,
“
E
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
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3
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J.
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4
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P
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[
1
5
]
M
.
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.
G
i
f
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,
I
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,
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e
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.
[
1
6
]
N
.
S
.
P
.
Y
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I
.
S
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
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4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ap
r
il
20
2
5
:
99
-
1
06
106
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S O
F
AUTH
O
RS
No
r
h
a
li
d
a
O
th
m
a
n
is
a
se
n
io
r
lec
tu
re
r
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
ffil
iate
d
with
UiTM
P
a
sir
G
u
d
a
n
g
.
S
h
e
e
a
rn
e
d
h
e
r
m
a
ste
r'
s
d
e
g
re
e
in
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
-
P
o
we
r)
fro
m
Un
i
v
e
rsiti
Tek
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
lay
sia
(UTM
).
Wi
t
h
a
s
p
e
c
ialize
d
fo
c
u
s
in
t
h
e
re
a
lm
o
f
E
lec
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
h
e
r
re
se
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rc
h
in
ter
e
sts
a
re
n
o
tab
ly
c
e
n
tere
d
a
ro
u
n
d
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
a
n
d
p
o
we
r
sy
ste
m
.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
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m
a
il
:
h
a
li
d
a
8
1
4
2
@
u
it
m
.
e
d
u
.
m
y
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As
so
c
.
Pro
f.
Ts.
Dr
.
Z
a
k
i
a
h
Mo
h
d
Y
u
so
ff
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n
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ss
o
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iate
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ro
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r
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t
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u
d
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n
g
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re
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iv
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d
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EN
G
in
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tri
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l
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g
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ri
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n
d
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h
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i
n
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tri
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l
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n
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e
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h
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h
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n
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n
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ti
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n
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a
y
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4
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n
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d
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TM
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d
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n
g
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s
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m
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jo
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sy
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h
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c
a
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o
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ted
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t
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il
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k
iah
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it
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e
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m
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h
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m
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d
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d
z
li
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m
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b
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r
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u
rre
n
tl
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lab
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ss
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t
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t
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ti
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ra
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i,
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k
u
d
a
i
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h
o
r.
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re
c
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d
Dip
l
o
m
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i
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lec
tri
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a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(P
o
we
r)
a
t
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M
Ca
wa
n
g
a
n
Jo
h
o
r
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m
p
u
s
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sir
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u
d
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n
g
in
2
0
2
3
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
fa
d
z
li
k
h
a
m
is@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Nur
Am
a
li
n
a
Mu
h
a
m
a
d
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
se
n
i
o
r
lec
tu
re
r
u
n
d
e
r
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
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ll
e
g
e
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
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a
sir
G
u
d
a
n
g
.
S
h
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
t
h
e
B.
ENG
in
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e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
a
n
d
P
h
.
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.
i
n
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e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
fro
m
UiTM
S
h
a
h
Ala
m
,
i
n
2
0
1
0
a
n
d
2
0
1
4
,
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
ly
.
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r
m
a
in
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
a
r
e
n
a
n
o
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
m
a
teria
ls,
se
m
ico
n
d
u
c
to
r
d
e
v
ice
s
a
n
d
fa
b
rica
ti
o
n
o
f
t
h
in
fil
m
s.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
a
m
a
li
n
a
@u
it
m
.
e
d
u
.
m
y
.
No
o
r
H
a
fiza
h
K
h
a
irul
An
u
a
r
is
a
lec
tu
re
r
in
UiTM
P
a
sir
G
u
d
a
n
g
sin
c
e
2
0
1
4
.
S
h
e
e
a
rn
e
d
a
b
a
c
h
e
lo
r'
s
d
e
g
re
e
in
tele
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
e
n
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
a
t
U
n
iv
e
rsiti
Tek
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
lay
sia
(UTM
)
a
n
d
a
m
a
ste
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
c
o
m
p
u
ter
a
n
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
t
UiTM
.
He
r
re
se
a
rc
h
i
n
tere
st
is
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
se
n
so
r
a
n
d
sy
ste
m
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
.
S
h
e
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
c
o
n
ti
n
u
i
n
g
h
e
r
stu
d
ies
a
t
P
h
.
D.
l
e
v
e
l
a
t
U
n
iv
e
rsiti
Te
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
l
a
y
sia
in
t
h
e
fiel
d
o
f
sy
ste
m
a
n
d
i
n
stru
m
e
n
tati
o
n
.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
n
o
o
rh
a
fiza
h
2
5
7
5
@u
it
m
.
e
d
u
.
m
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.