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G
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a
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e
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stru
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t
c
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re
d
d
e
m
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ti
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ti
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ss
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K
ey
w
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s
:
Facu
lty
en
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ag
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t in
in
ter
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Facu
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ter
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attitu
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ter
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atio
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ac
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I
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atm
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T
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CC B
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C
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A
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g
Su
Pin
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Dep
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tm
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t o
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d
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ca
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an
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ter
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Kr
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1
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c
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1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Glo
b
aliza
tio
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is
an
o
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g
o
in
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p
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s
s
th
at
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ter
s
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ter
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ter
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an
d
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llab
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.
T
h
e
in
ter
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aliza
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o
f
h
i
g
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er
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d
u
ca
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h
as
em
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g
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a
s
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if
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tr
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d
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in
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a
r
ac
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is
tic
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f
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ca
tio
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al
p
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ess
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Ma
n
y
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s
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ca
tio
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al
estab
lis
h
m
en
ts
h
av
e
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ex
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cu
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s
tr
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to
ca
p
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o
n
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p
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ted
b
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is
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ter
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atio
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aliza
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.
I
n
th
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c
o
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tex
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f
in
ter
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aliza
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ef
f
o
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t
s
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f
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m
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b
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ec
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g
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in
d
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ab
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ticip
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to
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s
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cc
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f
u
n
iv
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s
ities
’
in
ter
n
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aliza
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n
in
itiativ
es
[
1
]
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
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p
o
s
its
th
at
teac
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s
,
p
lay
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cr
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d
ex
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u
to
r
s
o
f
in
ter
n
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n
aliza
tio
n
[
2
]
,
[
3
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
d
esp
ite
th
e
ess
en
tial
r
o
le
th
at
f
ac
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th
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s
o
f
in
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,
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lim
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esear
ch
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n
v
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lv
em
e
n
t
in
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ter
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Acc
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co
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in
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Un
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ac
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b
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elate
d
to
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ter
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aliza
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n
en
g
ag
em
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t
[
4
]
.
Fin
k
elst
ein
an
d
Se
th
i
[
5
]
in
v
esti
g
ated
th
e
p
r
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d
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r
s
o
f
f
ac
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lty
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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…
(
Liu
H
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)
1005
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ag
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t
in
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(
FEI
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an
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p
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s
o
n
al
an
d
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titu
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ely
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Mo
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en
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ten
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teac
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g
em
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t
[
6
]
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[
7
]
.
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s
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C
h
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,
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o
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a
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[
8
]
,
[
9
]
.
F
o
r
“
D
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f
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s
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-
cl
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v
i
s
i
b
le
i
n
t
e
r
m
s
o
f
i
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
al
i
z
at
i
o
n
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
A
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
l
l
y
,
m
a
n
y
n
e
w
l
y
es
t
a
b
li
s
h
e
d
l
o
c
a
l
a
p
p
l
i
e
d
c
o
l
l
e
g
es
a
n
d
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
ie
s
a
r
e
i
n
a
p
e
r
i
o
d
o
f
r
e
f
o
r
m
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
e
i
s
a
s
i
g
n
i
f
i
ca
n
t
l
i
m
i
t
at
i
o
n
i
n
r
e
l
e
v
a
n
t
r
e
s
ea
r
c
h
f
i
n
d
i
n
g
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
o
r
e
t
i
ca
l
s
t
u
d
i
es
,
w
h
i
c
h
l
a
c
k
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
t
i
c
a
n
d
i
n
-
d
e
p
t
h
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
,
b
ased
o
n
s
tr
u
ctu
r
atio
n
th
eo
r
y
,
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
th
e
o
r
etica
l
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
to
e
x
p
lai
n
h
o
w
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
in
f
l
u
en
ce
s
FEI
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
eir
i
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
attitu
d
es,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
n
ew
th
e
o
r
etica
l
s
u
p
p
lem
en
t
t
o
e
x
is
tin
g
liter
at
u
r
e.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
em
p
ir
ical
r
esear
ch
,
th
is
p
ap
er
r
e
v
ea
ls
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
b
y
wh
ich
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e,
f
ac
u
lty
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
attitu
d
es
(
FIA
)
,
an
d
FEI
in
ter
ac
t,
o
f
f
er
i
n
g
a
n
ew
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e
f
o
r
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
teac
h
er
b
e
h
av
io
r
.
Fin
ally
,
co
m
b
i
n
ed
with
th
e
ac
tu
al
s
itu
atio
n
o
f
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
C
h
in
a,
th
e
s
tr
ateg
ic
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
p
u
t
f
o
r
war
d
b
y
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
ar
e
ta
r
g
eted
an
d
p
r
ac
tical,
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
p
r
ac
tices
o
f
C
h
in
ese
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
,
esp
ec
ially
lo
ca
l
ap
p
lied
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Resea
rc
h
d
esig
n
A
h
y
p
o
t
h
eti
ca
l
m
o
d
el
is
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
ct
ed
b
as
e
d
o
n
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
es
e
ar
ch
an
d
s
t
r
u
ct
u
r
at
io
n
t
h
eo
r
y
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
t
h
e
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
ty
'
s
i
n
te
r
n
a
ti
o
n
al
at
m
o
s
p
h
e
r
e
a
n
d
FIA
h
av
e
a
p
o
s
iti
v
e
i
m
p
a
ct
o
n
F
E
I
.
Fu
r
t
h
e
r
m
o
r
e,
we
h
y
p
o
th
esiz
e
d
th
at
FI
A
ar
e
t
h
e
m
e
d
ia
ti
n
g
f
ac
to
r
b
etw
ee
n
t
h
e
i
n
t
er
n
ati
o
n
al
a
tm
o
s
p
h
e
r
e
o
f
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
it
y
a
n
d
F
E
I
.
T
h
e
h
y
p
o
t
h
eti
ca
l
m
o
d
e
l
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
B
as
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
h
y
p
o
t
h
e
tic
al
m
o
d
el
,
we
c
o
n
d
u
cte
d
a
q
u
est
io
n
n
a
ir
e
s
u
r
v
ey
.
B
y
a
n
al
y
z
in
g
t
h
e
q
u
e
s
tio
n
n
ai
r
es,
w
e
ai
m
e
d
t
o
v
e
r
i
f
y
t
h
es
e
h
y
p
o
th
eses
.
T
h
is
r
es
e
ar
ch
em
p
l
o
y
e
d
p
at
h
an
al
y
s
is
to
v
al
id
ate
t
h
e
m
e
d
i
ati
n
g
r
o
le
o
f
te
ac
h
e
r
s
'
i
n
te
r
n
ati
o
n
al
at
tit
u
d
es
i
n
t
h
e
r
el
ati
o
n
s
h
i
p
b
etw
ee
n
t
h
e
in
t
er
n
ati
o
n
al
iza
ti
o
n
c
li
m
at
e
an
d
th
e
in
te
r
n
ati
o
n
a
liz
ati
o
n
p
a
r
t
i
cip
ati
o
n
o
f
te
ac
h
e
r
s
at
l
o
c
al
a
p
p
li
ed
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
iti
es.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
R
esear
ch
m
o
d
el
d
iag
r
am
2
.
2
.
Sa
m
ple
a
nd
da
t
a
co
llect
io
n
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
s
u
b
jects
ch
o
s
en
f
o
r
th
e
s
tu
d
y
a
r
e
f
o
u
r
ty
p
ic
al
C
h
in
ese
lo
ca
l
ap
p
lied
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
in
Hen
an
Pro
v
in
ce
,
all
o
f
wh
ic
h
ar
e
r
ep
r
esen
tativ
e
o
f
th
e
ex
em
p
lar
y
ap
p
lied
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
u
n
d
e
r
g
r
ad
u
ate
c
o
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
in
Hen
an
Pro
v
in
ce
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
“
1
4
th
f
iv
e
-
y
ea
r
p
lan
”
p
er
io
d
.
I
n
No
v
em
b
er
2
0
2
3
,
t
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
es
wer
e
m
ain
l
y
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
an
d
c
o
llected
el
ec
tr
o
n
ically
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
“
Qu
esti
o
n
n
air
e
Star
”
we
b
s
ite
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
web
s
ite
is
a
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
o
n
lin
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
s
u
r
v
ey
,
ev
alu
atio
n
an
d
v
o
tin
g
p
latf
o
r
m
,
wh
ich
is
ea
s
y
to
u
s
e.
T
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
es
wer
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
t
ed
to
th
e
W
eCh
at
wo
r
k
g
r
o
u
p
s
o
f
ea
c
h
s
ch
o
o
l,
a
n
d
in
ter
ested
teac
h
er
s
wer
e
in
v
ited
to
f
ill
in
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
es.
A
to
tal
o
f
3
5
0
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
es we
r
e
co
llected
,
with
3
5
0
v
alid
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
es.
T
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
r
ate
o
f
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
es wa
s
1
0
0
%.
2
.
3
.
Resea
rc
h
ins
t
rum
ent
s
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
f
o
r
th
is
s
tu
d
y
was
a
s
y
n
th
esis
o
f
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
es
d
r
awn
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
s
ev
e
r
al
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
u
s
ed
Sch
wietz
’
s
an
d
B
ea
tty
’
s
p
o
s
t
-
test
ed
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
o
n
th
e
Deg
r
ee
o
f
I
n
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
o
f
Un
iv
er
s
ity
T
ea
ch
er
s
as
th
e
b
asic
tem
p
late
[
4
]
,
[
1
3
]
.
I
t
also
d
r
ew
o
n
an
d
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
th
e
r
elev
an
t
r
e
v
is
io
n
s
to
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
m
a
d
e
b
y
Han
g
,
a
n
d
b
y
d
r
awin
g
o
n
th
ese
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
in
a
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il
20
25
:
1
0
0
4
-
1
0
1
2
1006
in
teg
r
ated
m
an
n
er
,
th
e
s
elf
-
a
d
m
in
is
ter
ed
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
h
as
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
b
ein
g
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
an
d
ap
p
licab
le
to
f
u
lly
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
te
ac
h
er
s
'
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
s
an
d
p
a
r
ticip
atio
n
in
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
o
f
th
e
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
m
ain
l
y
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
f
o
u
r
p
ar
ts
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t p
ar
t is th
e
f
ac
u
lty
p
er
s
o
n
al
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
ac
ad
em
ic
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
T
h
is
p
ar
t
m
ain
ly
e
x
am
in
es
th
e
g
e
n
d
er
,
a
g
e,
wo
r
k
in
g
ex
p
er
ie
n
ce
,
h
ig
h
est
d
e
g
r
ee
awa
r
d
ed
(
d
eg
r
ee
ty
p
e,
d
is
cip
lin
e)
,
p
o
s
itio
n
t
y
p
e
(
teac
h
in
g
,
s
cien
tific
r
esear
ch
)
,
d
is
cip
lin
e
ty
p
e,
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
titl
e
lev
el
an
d
o
th
er
item
s
o
f
th
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
r
esp
o
n
d
e
n
ts
.
R
esear
ch
s
h
o
ws
th
at
f
ac
u
lty
’
s
m
o
tiv
atio
n
s
f
o
r
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
also
i
n
clu
d
e
ce
r
tain
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
r
elate
d
to
th
e
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ic
r
e
g
io
n
in
wh
ich
th
e
in
s
titu
tio
n
is
lo
ca
ted
,
as
well
as
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
th
at
h
av
e
a
p
er
s
o
n
al
o
r
cu
ltu
r
al
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
with
th
e
f
ac
u
lty
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
ar
t
is
ab
o
u
t
f
ac
u
lty
co
g
n
itio
n
o
f
t
h
e
in
te
r
n
atio
n
al
d
ev
el
o
p
m
e
n
t
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
an
d
r
elate
d
s
tr
ateg
ies
o
f
th
eir
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
I
t
m
ain
ly
ex
am
in
es
th
e
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
's
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
o
r
in
ter
n
atio
n
a
lizatio
n
in
ter
m
s
o
f
s
tr
ateg
ic
p
lan
n
in
g
,
f
u
n
d
in
g
,
p
r
o
jects
an
d
v
ar
io
u
s
r
eso
u
r
c
es,
wh
ich
is
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e.
T
h
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
s
ca
le
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
t
h
r
ee
asp
ec
ts
,
n
am
ely
s
tr
ateg
ic
p
lan
n
in
g
,
i
n
c
en
tiv
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
an
d
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
im
p
o
r
tan
c
e
ev
alu
atio
n
,
with
a
to
tal
o
f
1
0
item
s
.
T
h
e
th
ir
d
p
ar
t
is
f
ac
u
lty
en
g
a
g
em
en
t
in
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
ac
tiv
i
ties
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
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3
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R
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C
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t
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a
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M
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y
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p
0
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0
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ab
le
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.
I
n
ter
-
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
co
r
r
elatio
n
s
,
d
is
cr
im
in
an
t,
co
n
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e
n
t v
alid
ity
V
a
r
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l
e
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0
4
N
o
t
e
：
*
p
<
.
0
5
;
*
*
p
<
0
1
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
AND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Descript
iv
e
a
na
ly
s
is
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
em
p
lo
y
s
p
ath
a
n
aly
s
is
to
ascer
tain
th
e
ca
u
s
al
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
am
o
n
g
v
ar
ia
b
les.
T
h
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
ar
e
ty
p
ically
q
u
an
tifie
d
u
s
in
g
s
tan
d
ar
d
ize
d
p
ath
co
ef
f
icien
ts
.
I
f
th
e
p
ath
c
o
ef
f
icien
ts
r
ea
ch
a
s
tatis
t
ically
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
lev
el,
i
t
in
d
icate
s
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
ca
u
s
al
ef
f
ec
t
b
etwe
en
th
e
v
ar
iab
les;
if
n
o
t,
it
s
u
g
g
ests
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
a
d
etec
tab
le
ca
u
s
al
in
f
lu
en
ce
.
T
h
e
f
i
n
al
p
ath
m
o
d
el
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
is
v
is
u
ally
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il
20
25
:
1
0
0
4
-
1
0
1
2
1008
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Mo
d
el
o
f
FEI
,
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
ca
m
p
u
s
clim
ate
(
I
C
C
)
,
an
d
FIA
T
ab
le
5
o
f
f
er
s
th
e
s
tatis
tical
an
aly
s
is
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
b
etwe
en
v
ar
iab
les
ac
r
o
s
s
th
r
ee
d
is
tin
ct
m
o
d
els.
Sp
ec
if
ically
,
it
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
c
o
ef
f
icien
ts
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
les
(
X)
t
o
th
e
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
v
ar
iab
les
(
Y)
,
wh
ich
r
ef
lect
th
e
ex
ten
t
o
f
th
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
th
e
in
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t
v
ar
iab
les
o
n
th
e
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
v
ar
iab
les.
E
ac
h
m
o
d
el
with
in
th
e
tab
le
ex
p
l
o
r
es
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
h
y
p
o
th
esis
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ar
d
in
g
h
o
w
th
e
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t v
ar
ia
b
les af
f
ec
ts
th
e
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
les.
T
h
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
ws
th
at
wh
en
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
e
r
e
af
f
ec
ts
FEI
,
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
p
at
h
co
ef
f
icien
t
v
alu
e
is
0
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2
0
5
>0
,
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d
th
is
p
ath
is
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
at
th
e
0
.
0
1
lev
el
(
z=
3
.
8
3
3
,
p
=0
.
0
0
0
<0
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0
1
)
,
in
d
icatin
g
th
a
t
in
ter
n
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n
al
atm
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s
a
s
ig
n
if
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t
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itiv
e
im
p
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t
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n
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
p
ar
ticip
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n
.
W
h
en
in
ter
n
at
io
n
al
attitu
d
e
im
p
ac
ts
in
ter
n
atio
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ticip
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n
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e
s
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d
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ized
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ath
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n
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th
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0
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(
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8
.
5
6
2
,
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.
0
0
0
<0
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0
1
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,
in
d
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g
th
at
in
ter
n
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n
al
attitu
d
e
h
as
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t
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n
in
ter
n
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n
al
p
a
r
ticip
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n
.
W
h
en
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ter
n
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n
al
atm
o
s
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h
er
e
im
p
ac
ts
in
ter
n
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n
al
attitu
d
e,
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
ize
d
p
ath
co
ef
f
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t
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is
0
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6
0
1
>0
,
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d
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is
p
ath
is
s
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n
if
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th
e
0
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0
1
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(
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1
4
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0
8
4
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=0
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0
0
0
<
0
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0
1
)
,
in
d
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th
at
in
ter
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al
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s
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h
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a
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ig
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if
ican
t p
o
s
itiv
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im
p
ac
t o
n
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
attitu
d
e.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
h
y
p
o
th
eses
1
,
2
,
an
d
3
ar
e
v
alid
.
T
ab
le
5
.
Su
m
m
a
r
y
o
f
r
e
g
r
ess
io
n
co
ef
f
icien
ts
o
f
m
o
d
els
X
=
>
Y
U
n
st
a
n
d
a
r
d
i
z
e
d
p
a
t
h
c
o
e
f
f
i
c
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e
n
t
SE
z
(
C
R
)
p
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
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z
e
d
p
a
t
h
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e
f
f
i
c
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t
F
I
A
=
>
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E
I
0
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2
2
0
0
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0
5
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3
.
8
3
3
0
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0
0
0
0
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2
0
5
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C
C
=
>
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0
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6
0
5
0
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0
7
1
8
.
5
6
2
0
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0
0
0
0
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4
5
7
I
C
C
=
>
F
I
A
0
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4
8
9
0
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0
3
5
1
4
.
0
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4
0
.
0
0
0
0
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6
0
1
N
o
t
e
:
=
>
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
e
s
p
a
t
h
i
n
f
l
u
e
n
c
e
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
s
3
.
2
.
M
edia
t
ing
r
o
le
o
f
f
a
cult
y
inte
rna
t
io
na
l a
t
t
i
t
ud
es
B
o
o
ts
tr
ap
p
in
g
is
a
m
eth
o
d
o
f
esti
m
atin
g
co
n
f
id
en
ce
in
ter
v
als
f
o
r
in
d
ir
ec
t
ef
f
ec
ts
th
r
o
u
g
h
r
ep
ea
ted
s
am
p
lin
g
.
I
t
ca
n
esti
m
ate
th
e
in
d
ir
ec
t
ef
f
ec
t
an
d
its
co
n
f
id
en
ce
in
ter
v
al
m
o
r
e
ac
cu
r
ately
,
an
d
is
esp
ec
ially
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
s
m
all
s
am
p
le
s
tu
d
ies.
I
t
ca
n
m
o
r
e
ef
f
e
ctiv
ely
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
er
r
o
r
s
in
th
e
test
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
is
g
en
er
ally
co
n
s
id
er
ed
to
b
e
a
m
o
r
e
ac
cu
r
ate
an
d
f
lex
ib
le
m
eth
o
d
.
I
t
is
also
a
co
m
m
o
n
ly
u
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
in
m
o
d
er
n
test
in
g
o
f
m
ed
iatio
n
e
f
f
ec
ts
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
in
o
r
d
e
r
to
test
th
e
a
u
th
en
ticity
o
f
th
e
m
ed
iatin
g
r
o
le
o
f
FIA
b
etwe
en
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
at
m
o
s
p
h
er
e
an
d
FEI
in
lo
ca
l
ap
p
lied
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
in
C
h
in
a,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
f
u
r
th
er
u
s
e
b
o
o
ts
tr
ap
p
in
g
m
eth
o
d
to
test
th
e
m
ed
iatin
g
ef
f
ec
t
with
5
,
0
0
0
r
e
p
ea
ted
s
am
p
lin
g
s
at
a
9
5
%
co
n
f
id
en
c
e
in
ter
v
al.
T
h
e
test
r
esu
lts
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
6
.
T
ab
le
6
.
T
est tab
le
f
o
r
th
e
i
n
ter
m
ed
iar
y
e
f
f
ec
t o
f
th
e
B
o
o
ts
tr
ap
p
in
g
m
eth
o
d
P
a
t
h
S
i
g
n
S
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
c
e
Ef
f
e
c
t
si
z
e
9
5
%C
I
z
/
t
p
C
o
n
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
Lo
w
e
r
U
p
p
e
r
I
C
C
=
>
F
I
A
=
>
F
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a
*
b
I
n
d
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e
c
t
e
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t
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2
9
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0
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2
0
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0
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3
4
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8
.
5
4
5
0
.
0
0
0
P
a
r
t
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a
l
m
e
d
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a
t
i
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n
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C
C
=
>
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a
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=
>
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0
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8
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1
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F
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b
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s
titu
tio
n
al
p
ar
tn
er
s
h
ip
s
,
an
d
p
er
s
o
n
al
an
d
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
ag
en
d
as
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
o
f
C
h
ild
r
ess
p
o
in
ts
o
u
t
th
at
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
t
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
s
tr
ateg
ies,
in
cr
ea
s
ed
f
in
an
cial
a
n
d
i
n
f
r
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t,
in
s
titu
tio
n
a
l
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
an
d
p
e
r
s
o
n
al
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
p
r
o
m
o
te
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
p
ar
ticip
at
io
n
o
f
teac
h
er
s
in
Am
er
ican
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
[
2
0
]
.
Kn
ig
h
t
[
1
6
]
o
u
tlin
es
s
ev
er
al
d
if
f
er
en
t
way
s
in
wh
ich
in
s
titu
tio
n
al
lead
er
s
ca
n
ef
f
ec
tiv
el
y
co
m
m
u
n
icate
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
o
r
i
n
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
,
in
clu
d
in
g
“e
x
p
licit
co
m
m
itm
e
n
t
f
r
o
m
s
en
io
r
lead
er
s
,
”
“e
x
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
r
ea
s
o
n
an
d
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
”
an
d
“
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
”
o
f
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
d
im
en
s
io
n
in
m
is
s
io
n
s
tatem
en
ts
,
p
lan
n
in
g
,
a
n
d
p
o
licy
d
o
cu
m
en
ts
.
K
n
ig
h
t
[
1
6
]
b
eliev
es
th
at
r
ewa
r
d
in
g
teac
h
er
s
is
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
s
tr
ateg
y
f
o
r
s
tr
en
g
th
en
in
g
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
.
Sto
h
l
[
1
]
b
eliev
es
th
at
th
e
r
ewa
r
d
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
i
n
clu
d
in
g
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
an
d
ten
u
r
e,
is
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
.
C
h
ild
r
ess
b
eliev
es
th
at
ad
m
in
is
tr
ativ
e
lead
er
s
en
co
u
r
a
g
e
f
a
cu
lty
m
em
b
e
r
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
o
lic
y
an
d
in
s
titu
tio
n
al
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
“
cr
itic
al
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
,
in
ce
n
tiv
es,
a
n
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t f
ac
u
lty
in
d
ev
elo
p
i
n
g
an
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
d
im
en
s
io
n
in
teac
h
i
n
g
a
n
d
r
esear
ch
.
”
Po
licy
m
ak
er
s
s
h
o
u
ld
f
ir
s
t
r
ea
ch
co
n
s
en
s
u
s
o
n
th
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
o
f
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
,
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
ac
tiv
ities
,
an
d
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il
20
25
:
1
0
0
4
-
1
0
1
2
1010
an
d
th
e
n
d
esig
n
,
c
o
m
m
u
n
icate
,
im
p
lem
en
t,
m
o
n
ito
r
a
n
d
r
e
war
d
k
e
y
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
i
n
d
ica
to
r
s
at
th
e
n
atio
n
al
an
d
in
s
titu
tio
n
al
lev
els
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
will
h
elp
teac
h
er
s
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
th
e
ex
p
ec
tatio
n
s
an
d
r
ewa
r
d
s
o
f
th
e
in
s
titu
tio
n
[
2
2
]
.
Facu
lty
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
attitu
d
e
h
as
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t
o
n
th
eir
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
p
a
r
ticip
atio
n
.
FIA
r
ef
er
to
th
eir
en
th
u
s
iasm,
in
ter
est,
an
d
co
n
f
id
e
n
ce
in
in
t
er
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
ac
tiv
ities
; th
eir
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
er
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
an
d
/o
r
p
e
r
s
o
n
al
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t;
th
eir
awa
r
en
ess
an
d
co
n
s
cio
u
s
n
ess
o
f
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
(
v
iewin
g
it
as
an
ac
a
d
em
ic
m
is
s
io
n
,
n
o
t
ju
s
t
a
task
)
;
an
d
th
eir
s
en
s
e
o
f
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
v
o
c
atio
n
(
v
iewin
g
in
te
r
n
atio
n
aliz
atio
n
as
p
a
r
t
o
f
a
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
v
o
ca
tio
n
,
n
o
t
ju
s
t
a
jo
b
)
[
2
3
]
–
[
2
6
]
.
M
o
r
r
is
’
s
s
tu
d
y
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
e
r
e
is
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
f
a
cu
lty
’
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
ex
p
er
ien
ce
,
attitu
d
es,
en
g
ag
e
m
en
t
in
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
,
an
d
f
ac
u
lty
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
[
2
7
]
.
Sch
wietz
[
4
]
r
esear
ch
h
as
p
r
o
v
en
t
h
at
f
ac
u
l
ty
wh
o
h
o
ld
a
m
o
r
e
f
av
o
r
ab
le
attitu
d
e
to
war
d
s
in
ter
n
atio
n
ali
za
tio
n
ar
e
lik
ely
to
en
g
ag
em
e
n
t
in
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
to
a
h
i
g
h
er
d
eg
r
ee
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
also
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
at
teac
h
er
s
’
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
attitu
d
e
i
n
teac
h
i
n
g
an
d
r
esear
ch
is
h
ig
h
ly
r
elat
ed
to
th
eir
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
p
ar
tic
ip
atio
n
,
wh
ile
th
eir
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
attitu
d
e
in
cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
teac
h
i
n
g
is
m
o
d
er
a
tely
r
elate
d
.
A
s
u
r
v
e
y
b
y
t
h
e
Ass
o
ciatio
n
o
f
I
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
Un
i
v
er
s
ities
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
awa
r
en
ess
an
d
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
teac
h
er
s
ar
e
lis
ted
as
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
ain
d
r
iv
in
g
f
o
r
ce
s
f
o
r
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
[
7
]
.
R
esear
ch
h
as
also
s
h
o
wn
th
at
p
er
s
o
n
al
willin
g
n
ess
is
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
f
ac
to
r
in
teac
h
er
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
[
2
8
]
.
W
h
en
teac
h
er
s
p
ar
ticip
ate
in
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
ac
tiv
ities
,
th
ey
ar
e
m
o
r
e
lik
el
y
to
p
r
io
r
itize
p
er
s
o
n
al
o
r
d
is
cip
lin
ar
y
m
o
tiv
atio
n
s
[
2
5
]
,
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
e
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
s
an
d
b
elief
s
o
f
f
ac
u
lty
m
em
b
er
s
ar
e
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
h
o
w
th
ey
in
ter
p
r
et
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
[
2
9
]
.
T
h
e
co
g
n
itiv
e
an
d
b
elief
o
f
i
n
teg
r
atin
g
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
in
to
teac
h
e
r
s
’
wo
r
k
is
th
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
o
f
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
[
2
6
]
.
I
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
h
a
s
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t
o
n
teac
h
er
s
’
attitu
d
es
to
war
d
s
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
.
Nav
ar
r
o
[
3
0
]
ar
g
u
es
t
h
at
teac
h
er
s
’
p
e
r
ce
p
tio
n
s
o
f
in
ter
n
ati
o
n
aliza
tio
n
ar
e
p
o
s
itiv
ely
r
elate
d
to
th
eir
p
a
r
ticip
atio
n
in
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
an
d
th
eir
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
s
tr
ateg
y
o
f
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
.
T
ea
c
h
er
s
with
a
d
ee
p
er
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
in
g
an
d
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
is
s
u
es
ar
e
m
o
r
e
lik
ely
to
b
e
ac
tiv
ely
in
v
o
lv
ed
in
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
ac
tiv
ities
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
tiv
e
o
f
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
’
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
s
tr
ateg
ies.
R
esear
ch
h
as
s
h
o
wn
th
at
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
s
o
f
ca
m
p
u
s
cu
ltu
r
e
an
d
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
af
f
ec
t te
ac
h
er
s
’
in
ter
est
in
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
o
r
in
ter
n
ati
o
n
aliza
tio
n
[
3
1
]
.
T
h
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
o
n
teac
h
er
s
’
attitu
d
es
i
s
r
ef
lecte
d
in
two
asp
ec
ts
.
First,
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
en
co
u
r
a
g
es
teac
h
er
s
to
p
ar
ticip
ate
in
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
p
r
o
je
cts
an
d
in
teg
r
ate
an
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e
in
t
o
th
eir
teac
h
in
g
an
d
r
esear
ch
,
th
er
eb
y
en
h
an
cin
g
th
eir
awa
r
en
ess
an
d
s
k
ills
in
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
.
Seco
n
d
,
th
is
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
h
as
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
teac
h
e
r
s
’
p
r
o
f
es
s
io
n
al
g
r
o
wth
an
d
ac
ad
em
ic
ac
h
iev
e
m
en
ts
,
m
a
k
in
g
th
e
m
m
o
r
e
i
n
clin
ed
to
e
n
g
ag
e
in
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
ac
t
iv
ities
an
d
f
o
r
m
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
attitu
d
e
to
war
d
s
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
[
1
4
]
,
[
2
6
]
.
FIA
p
lay
a
p
ar
tial
m
e
d
iatin
g
r
o
le
in
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
in
ter
n
at
io
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
o
n
FEI
.
Ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
Kly
b
er
g
[
2
5
]
,
in
tr
in
s
ic
m
o
ti
v
atio
n
h
as
a
g
r
ea
ter
im
p
ac
t
o
n
teac
h
er
s
’
i
n
ter
n
atio
n
aliz
atio
n
th
an
e
x
tr
in
s
ic
m
o
tiv
atio
n
.
I
n
tr
in
s
ic
m
o
tiv
ati
o
n
is
ass
o
ciate
d
with
th
e
p
u
r
s
u
it
o
f
teac
h
er
au
to
n
o
m
y
,
a
n
d
th
is
p
u
r
s
u
it
o
f
au
to
n
o
m
y
ca
n
e
n
h
an
ce
th
e
in
tr
in
s
ic
m
o
tiv
atio
n
o
f
lear
n
er
s
[
2
6
]
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
B
ea
tty
[
1
3
]
,
teac
h
er
s
’
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
in
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
izatio
n
ef
f
o
r
ts
is
h
ea
v
ily
in
f
lu
en
ce
d
b
y
th
eir
p
e
r
ce
iv
ed
s
elf
-
ef
f
icac
y
an
d
f
av
o
r
a
b
le
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
s
o
f
th
e
s
o
cial
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
v
alu
es
an
d
ac
tiv
iti
es
o
f
teac
h
er
s
ar
e
s
tr
o
n
g
ly
i
n
f
lu
en
ce
d
b
y
th
e
cu
l
tu
r
e
o
f
th
e
ca
m
p
u
s
[
3
2
]
.
R
esear
ch
b
y
L
i
an
d
T
u
[
2
6
]
h
av
e
s
h
o
wn
t
h
at
p
e
r
s
o
n
al
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
m
o
tiv
atio
n
s
h
av
e
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t
o
n
teac
h
er
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
,
with
p
e
r
s
o
n
al
m
o
tiv
atio
n
s
er
v
in
g
as
a
m
ed
i
ato
r
b
etwe
en
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
m
o
tiv
atio
n
an
d
teac
h
er
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
s
tim
u
lates
teac
h
er
s
’
in
tr
in
s
ic
n
ee
d
s
,
s
u
ch
as
a
s
en
s
e
o
f
r
ewa
r
d
an
d
ac
h
iev
e
m
en
t.
Pe
r
s
o
n
al
m
o
tiv
atio
n
is
th
e
d
o
m
in
an
t
f
ac
to
r
af
f
ec
tin
g
teac
h
er
s
’
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
,
a
n
d
tr
a
n
s
f
er
r
in
g
th
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
e
r
e
to
teac
h
er
s
’
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
.
Facu
lty
m
em
b
er
s
b
eliev
e
th
at
s
tr
o
n
g
ef
f
i
ca
cy
b
elief
s
an
d
p
o
s
itiv
e
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
s
o
f
th
e
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
al
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
ar
e
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
f
ac
u
lty
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
[
3
3
]
,
[
3
4
]
.
R
esear
ch
r
esu
lts
o
n
C
h
in
ese
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
s
h
o
w
th
at
b
o
th
p
er
s
o
n
al
an
d
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
tal
m
o
tiv
atio
n
ar
e
p
o
s
itiv
ely
c
o
r
r
el
ated
to
FEI
,
wh
ile
p
er
s
o
n
al
m
o
tiv
atio
n
is
a
m
o
r
e
cr
itical
p
r
ed
icto
r
[
2
6
]
.
Per
s
o
n
al
m
o
tiv
atio
n
p
lay
s
a
co
m
p
lete
m
ed
iatin
g
r
o
le
b
etwe
en
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
o
t
iv
atio
n
an
d
FEI
.
C
h
ild
r
ess
ar
g
u
es
th
at
wid
esp
r
ea
d
f
ac
u
lty
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
o
r
in
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
is
n
o
t
en
d
o
g
en
o
u
s
at
all,
th
e
f
ac
u
lty
m
em
b
er
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
k
n
o
wled
g
e,
s
k
ills
,
an
d
attitu
d
es
as
well
a
s
in
s
titu
tio
n
al
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
to
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
im
p
le
m
en
t
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
[
2
3
]
.
Ad
m
i
n
is
tr
ativ
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t m
o
tiv
ates
FEI
b
y
f
o
s
ter
in
g
p
o
s
itiv
e
co
n
tex
tu
al
b
elief
s
[
3
3
]
,
[
3
4
]
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
e
t
h
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
r
o
le
o
f
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
in
in
f
lu
en
cin
g
FEI
at
lo
ca
l
ap
p
li
ed
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
in
C
h
in
a.
I
t
wa
s
ev
id
en
t
th
at
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
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c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
tern
a
tio
n
a
l
a
tmo
s
p
h
ere
imp
a
ct
o
n
fa
c
u
lty
en
g
a
g
eme
n
t in
i
n
tern
a
tio
n
a
liz
a
tio
n
:
…
(
Liu
H
a
i Ya
n
)
1011
f
o
s
ter
s
f
ac
u
lty
'
s
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
attitu
d
es,
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
en
h
an
cin
g
th
eir
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
i
n
in
te
r
n
atio
n
al
ac
tiv
ities
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
f
ac
u
lty
'
s
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
attitu
d
es
wer
e
f
o
u
n
d
to
p
ar
tially
m
ed
iate
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
an
d
th
eir
en
g
ag
em
en
t
in
in
ter
n
a
tio
n
aliza
tio
n
ef
f
o
r
ts
.
T
h
ese
r
esu
lts
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
f
illi
n
g
th
e
g
ap
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
f
ac
u
lty
in
v
o
l
v
em
en
t
in
i
n
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
ef
f
o
r
ts
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t o
f
lo
ca
l a
p
p
lie
d
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
in
C
h
in
a.
Mo
v
in
g
f
o
r
war
d
,
it
is
im
p
er
ativ
e
f
o
r
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
ad
m
i
n
is
tr
ato
r
s
to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
th
e
p
iv
o
t
al
r
o
le
o
f
f
o
s
ter
in
g
a
co
n
d
u
civ
e
in
ter
n
at
io
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
to
p
r
o
m
o
te
FEI
in
itiativ
es.
Stra
teg
ies
aim
ed
at
en
h
an
cin
g
th
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
,
s
u
ch
as
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
t
in
ter
n
atio
n
ali
za
tio
n
s
tr
ateg
ies,
in
cr
ea
s
ed
f
in
an
cial
s
u
p
p
o
r
t,
an
d
in
s
titu
tio
n
al
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
p
r
io
r
itized
.
A
d
d
itio
n
ally
,
ef
f
o
r
ts
to
cu
ltiv
ate
p
o
s
itiv
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
attitu
d
es
am
o
n
g
f
ac
u
lty
m
em
b
er
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
tar
g
eted
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
s
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
ar
e
ess
en
tial.
B
y
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
th
ese
f
ac
to
r
s
,
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
ca
n
cr
ea
te
an
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t c
o
n
d
u
c
iv
e
to
f
ac
u
lty
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
in
i
n
ter
n
atio
n
aliza
tio
n
,
th
er
eb
y
ad
v
a
n
cin
g
th
eir
g
l
o
b
al
en
g
ag
em
e
n
t
ef
f
o
r
ts
an
d
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
cr
o
s
s
-
cu
ltu
r
al
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
M
.
S
t
o
h
l
,
“
W
e
h
a
v
e
me
t
t
h
e
e
n
e
m
y
a
n
d
h
e
i
s
u
s:
t
h
e
r
o
l
e
o
f
t
h
e
f
a
c
u
l
t
y
i
n
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
h
i
g
h
e
r
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
h
e
c
o
m
i
n
g
d
e
c
a
d
e
,
”
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
S
t
u
d
i
e
s
i
n
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
E
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
1
1
,
n
o
.
3
–
4
,
p
p
.
3
5
9
–
3
7
2
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
0
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
7
7
/
1
0
2
8
3
1
5
3
0
7
3
0
3
9
2
3
.
[
2
]
H
.
d
e
W
i
t
,
“
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
h
i
g
h
e
r
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
:
t
h
e
n
e
e
d
f
o
r
a
mo
r
e
e
t
h
i
c
a
l
a
n
d
q
u
a
l
i
t
a
t
i
v
e
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
S
t
u
d
e
n
t
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
–
5
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
2
6
7
4
/
j
i
s.
v
1
0
i
1
.
1
8
9
3
.
[
3
]
A
.
V
o
n
g
a
l
i
s
-
M
a
c
r
o
w
,
“
I
,
Te
a
c
h
e
r
:
re
-
t
e
r
r
i
t
o
r
i
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
e
a
c
h
e
r
s’
m
u
l
t
i
-
f
a
c
e
t
e
d
a
g
e
n
c
y
i
n
g
l
o
b
a
l
i
z
e
d
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
Bri
t
i
s
h
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
S
o
c
i
o
l
o
g
y
o
f
Ed
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
2
8
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
4
2
5
–
4
3
9
,
2
0
0
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
8
0
/
0
1
4
2
5
6
9
0
7
0
1
3
6
9
3
7
6
.
[
4
]
M
.
S
.
S
c
h
w
i
e
t
z
,
“
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
a
c
a
d
e
mi
c
p
r
o
f
e
ss
i
o
n
:
a
n
e
x
p
l
o
r
a
t
o
r
y
st
u
d
y
o
f
f
a
c
u
l
t
y
a
t
t
i
t
u
d
e
s,
b
e
l
i
e
f
s
a
n
d
i
n
v
o
l
v
e
m
e
n
t
a
t
p
u
b
l
i
c
u
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
i
e
s i
n
P
e
n
n
sy
l
v
a
n
i
a
,
”
P
h
.
D
.
d
i
ss
e
r
t
a
t
i
o
n
,
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
o
f
P
i
t
t
sb
u
r
g
h
,
U
S
A
,
2
0
0
6
.
[
5
]
M
.
F
i
n
k
e
l
st
e
i
n
a
n
d
W
.
S
e
t
h
i
,
“
P
a
t
t
e
r
n
s
o
f
f
a
c
u
l
t
y
i
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
:
a
p
r
e
d
i
c
t
i
v
e
mo
d
e
l
,
”
i
n
T
h
e
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
Ac
a
d
e
m
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