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[
1
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2
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3
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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5
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2
I
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R
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,
Vo
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14
,
No
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2
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20
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3
6
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3
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4
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[
5
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.
C
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s
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ity
to
h
ig
h
lig
h
t th
e
s
p
ec
ial
r
o
le
o
f
th
is
s
cien
ce
in
c
o
m
b
atin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
ig
n
o
r
a
n
ce
[
7
]
.
Geo
g
r
ap
h
y
is
th
e
o
n
l
y
d
is
cip
lin
e
th
at
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
in
teg
r
ate
d
an
d
s
y
s
tem
atic
v
iew
o
f
t
h
e
E
ar
th
as
a
p
lan
et
o
f
p
eo
p
le,
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
t
h
e
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
“th
in
k
in
g
g
l
o
b
ally
an
d
ac
tin
g
lo
ca
lly
”.
Ph
y
s
ical
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
y
is
a
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
co
n
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
s
cien
ce
with
in
th
e
b
r
o
a
d
er
f
ield
o
f
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
y
.
C
u
r
r
e
n
tly
,
h
u
m
an
ac
tiv
ities
h
av
e
im
p
ac
ted
th
e
en
tire
p
lan
et
’
s
ec
o
s
y
s
tem
,
af
f
ec
tin
g
th
e
s
u
s
ten
a
n
ce
o
f
h
u
m
an
s
o
ciety
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
s
itu
atio
n
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
ain
p
r
io
r
ities
o
f
co
n
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
ed
u
ca
tio
n
th
at
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
e
m
p
h
asized
[
8
]
.
T
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
co
m
p
licated
b
y
th
e
d
i
v
er
s
ity
o
f
life
s
ty
l
es.
Ach
iev
in
g
th
is
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
is
a
co
m
p
le
x
task
th
at
r
e
q
u
ir
es
a
h
ig
h
lev
el
o
f
id
eo
lo
g
ical
a
n
d
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
s
k
ill.
Ho
wev
er
,
it
is
ab
s
o
lu
tely
n
ec
ess
ar
y
f
o
r
m
o
d
e
r
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
.
B
io
lo
g
y
estab
lis
h
es
th
e
g
en
e
r
al
an
d
s
p
ec
ial
laws
in
h
er
e
n
t
in
all
m
a
n
if
estatio
n
s
an
d
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
life
,
in
c
lu
d
in
g
m
etab
o
lis
m
,
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
,
h
er
ed
ity
,
v
ar
iab
ilit
y
,
an
d
ad
ap
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
o
r
g
an
is
m
.
I
t
is
a
s
tu
d
y
o
f
a
m
o
r
e
p
er
f
ec
t
an
d
liv
in
g
f
o
r
m
o
f
m
atter
.
E
co
lo
g
y
is
f
o
u
n
d
ed
o
n
th
e
ev
o
lu
tio
n
ar
y
d
o
ctr
in
e,
wh
ich
c
o
n
s
id
er
s
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
ev
o
lu
tio
n
as
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
f
o
r
m
o
f
life
in
its
in
ter
ac
tio
n
with
n
a
tu
r
e.
E
v
o
lu
tio
n
ar
y
an
d
ec
o
lo
g
ical
co
n
ce
p
ts
f
o
r
m
th
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
th
eo
r
etica
l b
a
s
is
o
f
b
io
lo
g
ical
k
n
o
wled
g
e
[
9
]
.
B
io
lo
g
y
less
o
n
s
co
v
er
th
e
g
en
er
al
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
liv
in
g
m
atter
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
m
etab
o
lis
m
,
en
er
g
y
an
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
g
r
o
wth
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t,
d
y
n
am
ic
eq
u
ilib
r
iu
m
an
d
s
elf
-
r
eg
u
latio
n
,
s
p
ec
ies
d
iv
er
s
ity
an
d
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
,
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
f
ac
to
r
s
r
elate
d
to
d
aily
an
d
s
ea
s
o
n
al
ch
an
g
es
[
1
0
]
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
th
e
s
cien
ce
d
is
cip
lin
es
s
tu
d
ied
in
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
h
av
e
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
o
ten
tial,
th
ey
n
e
ed
to
b
e
f
u
r
t
h
er
estab
lis
h
ed
an
d
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
.
T
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
t
h
eo
r
etica
l
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
,
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
a
c
o
h
er
en
t
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
teac
h
er
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
in
n
at
u
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
u
b
jects.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
an
alter
n
ativ
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
d
ev
elo
p
i
n
g
a
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
in
“Na
tu
r
al
Scien
ce
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
”
tailo
r
ed
to
t
h
e
s
o
cio
-
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
an
d
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
c
o
n
tex
t
o
f
Kaz
ak
h
s
tan
.
I
t
p
r
o
p
o
s
es a
n
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
m
o
d
el
an
d
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
tr
ain
i
n
g
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
s
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
m
o
s
t im
p
o
r
tan
t m
et
h
o
d
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
was th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
f
an
aly
s
is
,
wh
ich
was u
s
ed
as a
m
eth
o
d
o
f
s
cien
tific
in
q
u
ir
y
,
an
d
also
as
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
tag
es
o
f
th
e
r
esear
ch
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
f
s
cien
tific
c
o
g
n
itio
n
p
r
o
v
id
ed
in
v
o
lv
es
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
m
en
tally
d
iv
id
in
g
an
o
b
ject
i
n
to
its
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
to
ex
a
m
in
e
th
em
in
d
etail
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
v
ar
io
u
s
c
r
iter
ia.
I
n
th
e
co
u
r
s
e
o
f
th
e
an
aly
s
is
,
th
e
co
r
e
co
n
ce
p
ts
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
y
wer
e
an
aly
ze
d
,
s
u
ch
as
“
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
”
,
“
n
at
u
r
al
s
cien
ce
”
,
“
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
ic
al
s
y
s
tem
”
,
an
d
“
n
at
u
r
al
s
cien
ce
co
n
ce
p
ts
”
,
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
b
asic
p
r
i
n
cip
les
o
f
th
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
teac
h
er
tr
ain
in
g
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
in
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
u
b
jects,
wh
ich
ar
e
r
ef
lecte
d
in
th
e
s
ec
tio
n
s
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
y
.
A
lis
t
o
f
f
o
r
th
co
m
in
g
o
u
tc
o
m
es
o
f
th
e
m
ater
ial
s
tu
d
ied
was
also
co
m
p
iled
,
wh
ich
was su
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
o
u
tco
m
es.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
f
an
aly
s
is
allo
wed
f
o
r
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
r
esear
ch
o
b
jectiv
e,
n
am
ely
to
ar
g
u
e
f
o
r
th
e
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
tr
ai
n
in
g
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
teac
h
e
r
s
t
o
wo
r
k
in
s
ch
o
o
ls
o
n
an
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
;
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
c
o
n
ten
t
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
u
lar
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
r
etr
ai
n
in
g
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
s
wer
e
also
d
ev
elo
p
ed
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
f
o
r
teac
h
er
tr
ain
i
n
g
in
n
at
u
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
u
b
jects
o
n
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
o
f
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
tr
ain
in
g
was
d
ev
elo
p
ed
an
d
a
p
p
r
o
v
ed
;
th
e
c
o
n
ten
t
an
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
-
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
c
o
m
p
lex
o
f
th
e
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
o
g
r
am
w
as
f
o
r
m
ed
.
T
h
e
c
h
o
ice
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
was
s
u
b
s
tan
tiated
,
wh
i
ch
will
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
lev
el
o
f
th
e
s
u
b
ject
an
d
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
co
m
p
eten
c
e
o
f
a
s
ch
o
o
l
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
in
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
tr
ain
in
g
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
A
m
o
d
er
n
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
r
eq
u
ir
es
s
p
ec
ialis
ts
wh
o
ar
e
k
n
o
wled
g
ea
b
le
in
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
d
is
cip
lin
es
an
d
wh
o
c
an
elev
ate
th
e
lev
el
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
th
e
“Na
tu
r
al
Scien
ce
s
”
co
u
r
s
e.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
it
h
as
b
ee
n
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
at
t
h
er
e
h
av
e
o
n
ly
b
ee
n
attem
p
ts
to
i
n
clu
d
e
a
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
co
u
r
s
e
in
th
e
lis
t
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
,
as
th
e
r
e
ar
e
n
o
s
p
ec
ialis
ts
tr
ain
ed
in
teac
h
er
tr
ain
in
g
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
to
teac
h
th
e
s
u
b
ject.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
r
e
f
r
esh
er
co
u
r
s
es
o
n
ly
q
u
alif
y
ch
e
m
is
tr
y
,
p
h
y
s
i
cs,
an
d
b
io
lo
g
y
teac
h
e
r
s
to
tea
ch
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
,
b
u
t
d
o
n
o
t
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
is
s
u
e
o
f
th
eir
co
m
p
lete
an
d
u
p
-
to
-
d
ate
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
I
n
m
o
s
t
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
S
tr
a
teg
ies a
n
d
tech
n
iq
u
es fo
r
crea
tin
g
ed
u
ca
tio
n
a
l p
r
o
g
r
a
ms fo
r
tea
ch
ers
o
f …
(
Zh
a
n
a
r
a
N
u
r
mu
kh
a
med
o
va
)
1371
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
,
s
tu
d
en
ts
s
tu
d
y
m
ath
em
atics,
p
h
y
s
ics,
ch
em
is
tr
y
,
an
d
b
io
lo
g
y
b
ased
o
n
th
em
atic
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
f
o
llo
win
g
t
h
e
u
n
if
ied
s
tate
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
s
tan
d
ar
d
o
f
h
ig
h
e
r
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
in
t
h
e
f
ield
o
f
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
“T
ea
ch
er
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
”
with
a
b
ac
h
elo
r
'
s
d
eg
r
ee
.
Am
o
n
g
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
s
k
ills
th
at
f
u
tu
r
e
g
r
ad
u
a
tes
s
h
o
u
ld
p
o
s
s
ess
,
two
teac
h
er
s
o
f
n
atu
r
al
a
n
d
n
e
ce
s
s
ar
y
s
cien
ce
s
,
s
p
ec
if
ically
cu
ltu
r
al
co
m
p
eten
ce
,
s
tan
d
o
u
t:
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
u
s
e
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
er
n
s
cien
tific
p
ictu
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
wo
r
ld
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
an
d
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
ac
tiv
ities
,
to
ap
p
ly
m
eth
o
d
s
o
f
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
o
f
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
t
h
e
o
r
etica
l
an
d
ex
p
e
r
im
en
tal
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
;
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
co
m
p
eten
ce
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
te
ac
h
in
g
:
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
im
p
le
m
en
t
th
e
b
asic
an
d
elec
tiv
e
cu
r
r
icu
lu
m
in
d
if
f
er
en
t
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
e
p
o
s
itio
n
s
an
d
m
eth
o
d
s
o
f
d
ev
elo
p
i
n
g
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
f
o
r
teac
h
er
tr
ain
in
g
in
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
u
b
jects
h
av
e
b
ee
n
th
e
s
u
b
ject
o
f
r
esear
ch
b
y
Aav
i
k
et
a
l
.
[
1
2
]
.
R
esear
ch
er
s
s
tu
d
ied
th
e
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
o
f
lan
d
s
ca
p
e
co
n
tex
t o
n
m
o
r
p
h
r
atio
in
th
e
p
lan
t Pr
im
u
la
v
er
is
in
E
s
to
n
ia
u
s
in
g
citizen
s
cien
ce
d
ata.
I
t w
as f
o
u
n
d
th
at
m
o
r
p
h
em
es
ar
e
m
o
r
e
lik
e
ly
to
d
ev
iate
f
r
o
m
eq
u
ilib
r
i
u
m
in
s
em
i
-
n
atu
r
al
g
r
ass
lan
d
s
i
n
r
eg
io
n
s
with
h
ig
h
p
o
p
u
latio
n
d
en
s
ity
.
I
n
s
u
c
h
m
ea
d
o
ws,
th
e
S
-
m
o
r
p
h
was a
ls
o
o
b
s
er
v
ed
to
b
e
p
r
e
d
o
m
in
a
n
t.
Sm
aller
p
o
p
u
latio
n
s
ar
e
m
o
r
e
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
le
to
g
e
n
e
r
alize
d
m
o
r
p
h
d
ev
iatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
in
d
icate
th
at
h
ab
itat
f
r
ag
m
e
n
tatio
n
an
d
an
th
r
o
p
o
g
en
ic
im
p
ac
ts
ca
n
s
h
if
t
m
o
r
p
h
o
lo
g
ical
e
q
u
ilib
r
iu
m
in
h
eter
o
z
y
g
o
u
s
p
lan
ts
.
Ab
d
u
laev
a
et
a
l
.
[
1
3
]
s
tu
d
ied
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
s
o
cial
m
ed
i
a
to
en
h
a
n
ce
th
e
lear
n
in
g
p
r
o
c
ess
o
f
f
u
tu
r
e
teac
h
e
r
s
.
A
s
u
r
v
e
y
o
f
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
an
d
a
p
ed
ag
o
g
ical
ex
p
er
im
en
t
u
s
in
g
th
e
VKo
n
tak
te
s
o
cial
n
etwo
r
k
wer
e
co
n
d
u
cted
,
an
d
t
h
e
ad
v
an
tag
es
an
d
p
r
o
b
lem
s
o
f
th
eir
u
s
e
wer
e
an
aly
ze
d
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
we
d
th
at
s
o
cial
n
etwo
r
k
s
in
cr
e
ase
m
o
tiv
atio
n
,
an
d
p
r
o
m
o
te
in
d
iv
id
u
aliza
tio
n
o
f
l
ea
r
n
in
g
,
team
wo
r
k
an
d
co
n
tin
u
ity
o
f
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
eir
u
s
e
is
r
elev
an
t
an
d
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
f
o
r
th
e
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
o
f
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
ac
tiv
ities
o
f
f
u
tu
r
e
teac
h
er
s
.
Kh
aled
et
a
l.
[
1
4
]
s
tu
d
ied
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
an
e
p
ilep
s
y
tr
ain
in
g
co
u
r
s
e
o
n
th
e
k
n
o
wled
g
e
an
d
attitu
d
es
o
f
teac
h
er
s
an
d
co
u
n
s
ello
r
s
in
L
eb
an
ese
s
ch
o
o
ls
.
A
to
tal
o
f
7
3
p
ar
ticip
a
n
ts
co
m
p
leted
a
p
r
e
-
an
d
p
o
s
t
-
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
s
u
r
v
ey
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
wed
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
tr
ain
in
g
o
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
i
n
g
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
ep
ilep
s
y
o
n
lear
n
in
g
,
s
eizu
r
e
m
an
if
estatio
n
s
,
p
s
y
ch
o
lo
g
ical
ef
f
ec
ts
,
f
ir
s
t
aid
an
d
s
u
r
g
ical
t
r
ea
tm
en
t
o
p
tio
n
s
.
Mo
s
t
p
ar
tici
p
an
ts
d
id
n
o
t
s
h
o
w
d
is
cr
im
in
ato
r
y
attitu
d
es to
war
d
s
p
eo
p
le
with
ep
ilep
s
y
.
T
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
at
ed
th
e
p
o
s
iti
v
e
e
f
f
e
ct
o
f
e
p
il
ep
s
y
e
d
u
c
at
io
n
a
m
o
n
g
s
ch
o
o
l
t
ea
ch
er
s
.
R
e
s
ea
r
c
h
b
y
Ab
i
d
i
n
e
t
a
l
.
[
1
5
]
a
n
al
y
ze
d
c
h
an
g
es
i
n
t
h
e
p
ed
ag
o
g
i
ca
l
co
n
t
e
n
t
k
n
o
w
le
d
g
e
o
f
f
u
tu
r
e
b
i
o
l
o
g
y
te
ac
h
e
r
s
b
ase
d
o
n
co
n
c
e
p
t
m
a
p
s
.
T
h
e
s
i
x
p
a
r
ti
ci
p
a
n
ts
cr
ea
t
e
d
c
o
n
ce
p
t
m
a
p
s
o
n
t
h
e
t
o
p
i
c
o
f
s
p
e
cia
ti
o
n
at
t
h
e
b
eg
in
n
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
ei
r
s
tu
d
ies
,
a
f
te
r
m
i
cr
o
t
ea
ch
in
g
a
n
d
p
e
d
a
g
o
g
ic
al
p
r
a
cti
ce
.
T
h
e
r
es
u
lts
s
h
o
we
d
t
h
at
c
o
n
ce
p
t
m
a
p
s
b
e
ca
m
e
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
le
x
,
m
e
a
n
i
n
g
f
u
l
a
n
d
u
n
d
er
s
t
a
n
d
ab
le
.
T
h
e
co
n
cl
u
s
i
o
n
is
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
p
e
d
a
g
o
g
ic
al
c
o
n
te
n
t
k
n
o
w
le
d
g
e
o
f
f
u
t
u
r
e
tea
ch
er
s
ch
a
n
g
es
wit
h
t
h
e
e
x
p
e
r
i
en
ce
o
f
lea
r
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
tea
c
h
i
n
g
.
A
b
ó
s
et
a
l
.
[
1
6
]
s
tu
d
i
e
d
t
h
e
m
o
ti
v
at
io
n
a
l
p
r
o
f
il
es
o
f
p
h
y
s
i
ca
l
e
d
u
c
ati
o
n
tea
ch
er
s
an
d
t
h
ei
r
r
el
ati
o
n
s
h
ip
t
o
j
o
b
s
a
tis
f
ac
ti
o
n
an
d
e
m
o
ti
o
n
al
b
u
r
n
o
u
t.
Us
in
g
clu
s
te
r
a
n
al
y
s
is
,
f
o
u
r
m
o
ti
v
at
io
n
al
p
r
o
f
il
es
o
f
te
ac
h
e
r
s
we
r
e
i
d
e
n
ti
f
i
e
d
b
as
e
d
o
n
th
e
le
v
el
o
f
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
m
o
ti
v
at
io
n
,
c
o
n
t
r
o
lle
d
m
o
ti
v
a
tio
n
an
d
m
o
ti
v
at
io
n
.
T
h
e
g
r
o
u
p
wit
h
h
i
g
h
a
u
t
o
n
o
m
o
u
s
m
o
tiv
ati
o
n
s
h
o
we
d
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
ad
ap
ti
v
e
p
att
e
r
n
o
f
r
es
u
lt
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
c
o
n
f
i
r
m
s
t
h
e
s
elf
-
d
et
e
r
m
i
n
ati
o
n
t
h
eo
r
y
th
at
m
o
r
e
m
o
ti
v
at
io
n
is
n
o
t
alwa
y
s
b
ett
er
i
f
it
is
co
n
t
r
o
ll
ed
r
at
h
e
r
th
a
n
t
h
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
en
t
o
f
c
o
n
t
em
p
o
r
ar
y
n
at
u
r
al
s
cie
n
c
e
r
e
f
l
ec
ts
t
h
e
d
i
v
e
r
s
it
y
o
f
th
e
m
ate
r
i
al
w
o
r
l
d
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
its
l
aws
a
n
d
ca
te
g
o
r
i
es.
T
o
en
s
u
r
e
t
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
f
u
n
cti
o
n
o
f
n
at
u
r
al
s
cie
n
c
e
k
n
o
wl
ed
g
e,
its
co
n
t
e
n
t
m
u
s
t
b
e
co
n
s
t
an
tl
y
r
en
ewe
d
a
n
d
its
c
o
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
r
e
v
is
e
d
d
e
p
en
d
i
n
g
o
n
t
h
e
l
ev
el
o
f
s
ci
en
ti
f
ic
k
n
o
wl
ed
g
e
i
n
p
h
y
s
ics
,
ch
em
is
tr
y
,
b
i
o
l
o
g
y
,
a
n
d
o
t
h
e
r
s
cie
n
c
es
[
1
7
]
.
Ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
t
o
t
h
e
r
es
ea
r
c
h
an
al
y
s
is
,
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
c
o
n
te
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
n
a
tu
r
al
s
ci
e
n
ce
s
cy
cl
e
d
o
e
s
n
o
t
a
d
e
q
u
at
el
y
e
x
p
o
s
e
f
u
t
u
r
e
m
ast
er
s
o
f
s
ci
en
ce
to
t
h
e
i
n
t
er
r
e
lat
io
n
o
f
p
h
y
s
ica
l,
b
io
lo
g
i
ca
l,
a
n
d
c
h
e
m
ic
al
p
h
en
o
m
e
n
a
,
g
en
er
al
b
asi
c
c
o
n
ce
p
ts
,
laws
,
t
h
e
o
r
ies
,
an
d
g
en
er
al
m
et
h
o
d
s
o
f
s
ci
en
tifi
c
r
es
ea
r
c
h
.
As
a
r
es
u
lt
,
f
u
t
u
r
e
tea
c
h
e
r
s
m
a
y
n
o
t
d
e
v
el
o
p
a
u
n
i
f
ie
d
n
at
u
r
al
s
cie
n
c
e
p
ic
tu
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
w
o
r
ld
.
I
n
m
u
l
ti
g
r
a
d
e
t
r
ai
n
i
n
g
,
t
h
e
r
e
is
a
la
ck
o
f
cr
o
s
s
-
d
is
ci
p
l
in
ar
y
s
tu
d
y
,
as
b
i
o
l
o
g
y
an
d
ch
em
is
tr
y
s
t
u
d
e
n
ts
d
o
n
o
t
s
t
u
d
y
p
h
y
s
ics
,
a
n
d
p
h
y
s
i
cs s
tu
d
en
t
s
d
o
n
o
t
s
t
u
d
y
c
h
em
is
tr
y
a
n
d
b
io
l
o
g
y
.
Scien
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
r
en
ewa
l
in
v
o
lv
es
a
s
y
s
tem
ic
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
th
at
r
eq
u
ir
es
ex
p
l
o
r
in
g
wa
y
s
to
alig
n
its
co
n
ten
t
with
co
n
tem
p
o
r
a
r
y
n
ee
d
s
.
I
t
is
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
to
co
n
s
id
er
its
r
o
le
in
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
tal
ed
u
ca
tio
n
an
d
th
e
m
o
d
er
n
s
cien
tific
an
d
tech
n
o
l
o
g
ical
p
r
o
g
r
ess
o
f
s
o
ciety
.
A
d
d
itio
n
ally
,
s
tu
d
en
ts
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
t
o
th
e
s
cien
tific
b
asics
o
f
m
o
d
er
n
te
ch
n
o
lo
g
ies
b
ased
o
n
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
o
f
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
.
T
h
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
r
ev
iv
al
is
also
d
r
iv
en
b
y
v
ar
i
o
u
s
f
ac
to
r
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
th
e
co
u
n
tr
y
'
s
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t,
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
ca
r
city
,
ch
a
n
g
es
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
cu
ltu
r
e,
s
o
cieta
l
s
tr
atif
icatio
n
,
an
d
d
is
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
with
g
r
ad
u
ate
ed
u
ca
tio
n
q
u
ality
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
8
]
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
r
o
les
o
f
teac
h
in
g
s
taf
f
in
s
cie
n
ce
d
is
cip
lin
es
ar
e
also
ev
o
lv
in
g
.
T
h
e
teac
h
e
r
'
s
r
o
le
is
n
o
t
lim
ited
to
teac
h
in
g
s
tu
d
en
ts
h
o
w
to
th
in
k
in
d
ep
e
n
d
en
tly
an
d
f
in
d
a
n
s
wer
s
to
q
u
esti
o
n
s
b
ased
o
n
ex
is
tin
g
k
n
o
wled
g
e.
I
t
also
in
v
o
lv
es
f
o
s
ter
in
g
c
u
r
io
s
ity
an
d
cr
ea
tiv
ity
b
ased
o
n
a
cq
u
ir
ed
k
n
o
wled
g
e
a
n
d
d
e
v
elo
p
in
g
a
b
r
o
ad
er
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e
o
n
s
cien
tific
f
ac
ts
.
T
h
er
e
is
an
u
r
g
en
t n
ee
d
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
co
n
tr
ad
ictio
n
b
etwe
e
n
th
e
co
n
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
tr
ain
in
g
o
f
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
s
an
d
th
ei
r
cu
r
r
en
t
lev
el
i
n
m
o
d
e
r
n
teac
h
i
n
g
in
s
titu
tes.
T
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
to
d
ev
elo
p
a
co
n
ce
p
t
an
d
p
r
o
g
r
am
f
o
r
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
th
e
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
an
d
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
n
ec
ess
ar
y
f
o
r
its
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
in
a
teac
h
in
g
i
n
s
titu
te
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
th
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
tr
ain
in
g
o
f
teac
h
er
s
i
n
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
at
a
m
o
d
er
n
teac
h
in
g
in
s
titu
te.
I
t
ex
a
m
in
es
th
e
f
o
r
m
s
,
m
eth
o
d
s
,
an
d
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
u
s
ed
to
alig
n
th
e
co
n
ten
t
o
f
th
is
tr
ain
in
g
with
m
o
d
er
n
s
o
cieta
l a
n
d
s
tate
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
.
On
e
cu
r
r
en
t tr
en
d
in
th
e
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
an
d
d
esig
n
o
f
s
cien
tific
s
u
b
ject
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il
20
25
:
1
3
6
9
-
1
3
7
8
1372
is
id
en
tify
in
g
b
asic
id
ea
s
th
at
in
teg
r
ate
s
p
ec
if
ic
k
n
o
wled
g
e
ab
o
u
t
n
at
u
r
e.
T
h
ese
id
ea
s
in
cl
u
d
e
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
p
h
y
s
ical,
b
io
lo
g
ical,
an
d
ch
em
ical
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
m
atter
m
o
v
em
en
t,
th
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
an
d
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
m
etab
o
lis
m
,
en
er
g
y
e
x
ch
an
g
e,
an
d
t
h
e
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
wo
r
l
d
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
t
h
e
in
ter
r
elatio
n
s
h
i
p
o
f
an
im
ate
an
d
in
an
im
ate
n
atu
r
e
is
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
to
th
e
h
u
m
a
n
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
th
e
wo
r
ld
[
2
0
]
.
T
h
e
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
em
p
lo
y
v
a
r
io
u
s
f
o
r
m
s
an
d
m
e
th
o
d
s
to
attain
tr
u
th
.
A
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
th
is
f
ield
r
eq
u
ir
es
m
aster
y
o
f
p
h
y
s
ical,
b
io
lo
g
ical,
an
d
c
h
e
m
ical
co
n
ce
p
ts
,
as
well
a
s
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
wo
r
ld
v
iew
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
to
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
lev
el
o
f
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
T
h
e
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
id
ea
s
f
r
o
m
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
en
h
an
ce
s
s
tu
d
en
ts
'
co
g
n
itiv
e
ab
ilit
ies,
p
r
o
m
o
tes
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
lear
n
in
g
m
ater
ial
,
an
d
elim
in
ates
th
e
n
ee
d
to
m
e
m
o
r
ize
lar
g
e
am
o
u
n
ts
o
f
lo
o
s
ely
r
elate
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
T
h
u
s
,
a
s
y
s
tem
o
f
in
ter
r
elate
d
d
ialec
tical
o
b
jectiv
es
d
ev
elo
p
s
.
T
h
e
o
b
jectiv
es
in
clu
d
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
s
cien
tific
lev
el
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e,
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
t
h
e
co
g
n
itiv
e
an
d
r
esear
c
h
in
d
e
p
en
d
en
ce
o
f
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
,
an
d
f
o
s
ter
in
g
a
h
ig
h
lev
el
o
f
m
o
r
al
ity
an
d
c
u
ltu
r
e
o
f
b
eh
av
io
r
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
th
er
ef
o
r
e
ex
p
lo
r
e
s
th
e
p
r
in
cip
les
o
f
s
cien
ce
r
en
ewa
l
f
r
o
m
a
co
n
ten
t,
ac
t
iv
ity
an
d
ax
io
lo
g
ical
p
e
r
s
p
ec
tiv
e.
T
h
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
s
cien
ce
tea
ch
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
h
er
e
ar
e
s
till
u
n
d
er
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
an
d
p
r
esen
t
a
ch
allen
g
e
in
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
an
d
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
o
f
f
u
tu
r
e
teac
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
is
s
u
e
at
h
an
d
is
m
u
ltifa
ce
ted
an
d
co
n
ce
r
n
s
teac
h
er
t
r
ain
in
g
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
cu
r
r
en
tly
p
o
s
s
ess
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
au
to
n
o
m
y
an
d
ar
e
f
r
ee
to
ch
o
o
s
e
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
an
d
cu
r
r
icu
la
[
4
]
.
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
r
e
n
ewe
d
co
n
ten
t
is
b
ased
o
n
cr
iter
ia
an
d
p
r
in
cip
les
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
e
lectio
n
an
d
s
u
b
ject
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
with
in
th
e
s
cien
ce
c
y
cle.
I
t
aim
s
to
cr
ea
te
a
u
n
if
ied
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
f
o
r
m
in
g
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
co
n
ce
p
ts
,
lear
n
in
g
s
k
ills
,
an
d
co
g
n
itiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
co
m
m
o
n
to
s
u
b
jects
in
th
e
n
atu
r
al
cy
cle.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
b
ased
o
n
ac
tiv
ity
th
eo
r
y
.
I
n
th
is
d
ep
ar
t
m
en
t,
th
e
teac
h
i
n
g
o
f
n
at
u
r
al
cy
cle
s
u
b
jects
d
o
es
n
o
t
alwa
y
s
f
o
cu
s
o
n
f
o
r
m
in
g
a
v
is
io
n
o
f
th
e
wo
r
ld
th
r
o
u
g
h
n
a
tu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
els in
v
esti
g
ated
in
ea
ch
d
is
cip
lin
e
m
ay
n
o
t a
lway
s
alig
n
with
a
wo
r
l
d
v
iew
th
at
p
r
i
o
r
itizes
th
e
co
n
s
er
v
atio
n
an
d
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
s
o
ciety
a
n
d
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
E
lim
in
atin
g
t
h
is
d
iv
is
io
n
a
n
d
en
s
u
r
in
g
th
at
ea
ch
s
u
b
ject
in
th
e
s
cien
ce
cy
cl
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
its
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
in
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
o
u
tco
m
e
o
f
s
cien
ce
teac
h
in
g
is
c
r
u
cial
f
o
r
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
r
en
ewa
l
in
th
e
tr
ain
in
g
o
f
f
u
tu
r
e
teac
h
e
r
s
.
T
h
e
m
o
tio
n
o
f
m
atter
ca
n
tak
e
v
a
r
io
u
s
f
o
r
m
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
m
ec
h
an
ica
l,
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic,
ch
em
ical,
an
d
b
io
lo
g
ical.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
ese
f
o
r
m
s
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
to
o
n
e
an
o
th
er
d
u
e
to
th
eir
q
u
alitativ
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
[
8
]
.
All
m
ater
ial
o
b
jects
in
th
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
wo
r
ld
h
av
e
in
ter
n
al
o
r
d
er
a
n
d
s
y
s
tem
atic
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
.
T
h
is
o
r
d
er
is
ev
id
en
t
in
t
h
e
r
e
g
u
lar
m
o
v
e
m
en
t
a
n
d
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
o
f
all
elem
en
ts
o
f
m
atter
,
wh
ic
h
co
m
b
in
e
t
o
f
o
r
m
s
y
s
tem
s
.
T
h
e
m
ater
ial
u
n
ity
o
f
th
e
wo
r
ld
is
id
en
tifie
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
g
en
er
al
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
an
d
m
u
tu
al
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
o
f
o
b
jects a
n
d
p
h
en
o
m
en
a,
as
well
as th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
m
u
tu
al
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
o
f
m
o
b
ile
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
m
atter
,
a
n
d
th
e
m
u
tu
al
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
all
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
lev
els
o
f
m
atter
.
T
h
e
th
eo
r
y
an
d
p
r
ac
tice
o
f
in
ter
s
u
b
jectiv
e
r
elatio
n
s
s
er
v
e
s
ev
er
al
o
b
jectiv
es
an
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
co
o
r
d
in
a
tin
g
ac
ad
em
ic
d
is
cip
lin
es,
d
e
v
elo
p
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
co
n
tin
u
ity
o
f
lear
n
in
g
,
an
d
f
o
s
ter
in
g
a
s
cien
tific
wo
r
ld
v
iew
[
1
0
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
Un
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
t
h
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
an
d
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
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etwe
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s
ee
m
in
g
ly
u
n
r
elate
d
an
d
o
f
ten
c
o
n
tr
ad
icto
r
y
f
ac
ts
an
d
p
h
e
n
o
m
en
a
in
b
o
th
an
im
ate
a
n
d
i
n
an
im
ate
n
atu
r
e
is
aid
ed
b
y
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
m
o
d
u
lar
h
eu
r
is
tic
co
m
p
le
x
es
in
teac
h
in
g
m
ater
ials
.
T
h
ese
co
m
p
lex
es
ar
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
as
s
y
s
tem
s
b
ased
o
n
th
e
p
r
in
cip
les
o
f
in
teg
r
ity
,
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
an
d
h
ier
a
r
ch
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.
C
o
m
p
lex
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in
th
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f
o
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m
o
f
m
o
d
u
les
im
p
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t
in
f
o
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m
ativ
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d
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ev
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o
p
m
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tal
f
u
n
ctio
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s
i
n
s
cien
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ed
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ca
tio
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h
ey
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
m
en
tal
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
atter
n
s
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
an
d
u
s
e
h
eu
r
is
tic
m
e
th
o
d
s
to
f
ac
ilit
ate
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
tal
lear
n
in
g
.
T
h
e
co
n
ten
t
o
f
a
s
et
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
o
r
ass
im
ilatio
n
is
a
f
in
al
p
r
o
d
u
ct
o
f
s
o
m
e
o
n
e
else
'
s
ex
p
er
ien
ce
,
an
d
ce
r
tain
ac
tio
n
s
ar
e
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
ass
im
ilate
it.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
th
is
m
i
s
s
io
n
is
co
n
d
u
cted
b
y
th
e
o
b
jectiv
e
laws
o
f
h
u
m
a
n
ac
tiv
ity
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
,
in
w
h
ich
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
es,
m
o
tiv
es,
an
d
s
atis
f
y
in
g
n
ee
d
s
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
atiza
tio
n
o
f
s
cien
tific
f
ac
ts
,
th
e
b
asic
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
m
atter
,
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
b
o
d
ies,
an
d
r
esear
ch
m
eth
o
d
s
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
s
an
d
tech
n
iq
u
es
u
s
ed
ar
e
v
ar
ied
in
b
o
th
c
o
n
te
n
t
an
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
So
m
e
ar
e
d
e
s
cr
ib
ed
as
r
u
les
f
o
r
d
is
co
v
er
in
g
th
e
m
ea
n
in
g
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
d
e
v
elo
p
i
n
g
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
co
m
p
ar
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
r
ea
c
h
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
.
Oth
er
m
eth
o
d
s
an
d
tech
n
iq
u
es
f
o
cu
s
o
n
o
r
g
a
n
izin
g
th
e
ass
im
ilatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
r
ath
er
th
an
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
ass
im
ilatio
n
o
f
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
in
its
tan
g
ib
le
c
o
n
ten
t
[
2
3
]
.
Heu
r
is
tic
m
eth
o
d
s
a
n
d
te
ch
n
iq
u
es
ca
n
h
el
p
s
tu
d
en
ts
b
ec
o
m
e
s
elf
-
d
ir
ec
ted
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
s
u
p
p
o
r
tiv
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
f
o
r
in
d
iv
id
u
alize
d
lear
n
in
g
.
Heu
r
is
tics
ar
e
d
ef
in
ed
as
p
r
escr
ip
tio
n
s
th
at
s
p
ec
if
y
s
tr
ateg
ies
an
d
tactics
f
o
r
s
ea
r
ch
in
g
f
o
r
a
p
r
o
b
lem
s
o
lu
tio
n
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
h
eu
r
is
tic
m
eth
o
d
s
ar
e
a
s
y
s
tem
o
f
r
u
les
a
n
d
p
r
in
cip
les
th
a
t
estab
lis
h
th
e
m
o
s
t
p
r
o
b
a
b
le
r
u
les
o
f
ac
tio
n
to
s
tim
u
late
in
tu
itiv
e
th
in
k
in
g
a
n
d
th
e
g
en
e
r
atio
n
o
f
n
ew
id
ea
s
.
E
x
am
p
les
o
f
h
e
u
r
is
tic
m
eth
o
d
s
in
clu
d
e
th
e
h
eu
r
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q
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esti
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m
et
h
o
d
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e
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u
ltid
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at
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ix
m
eth
o
d
,
a
n
d
in
v
er
s
io
n
m
eth
o
d
s
.
Heu
r
is
tic
m
eth
o
d
s
ar
e
also
wid
ely
u
s
ed
in
e
d
u
ca
t
io
n
,
s
u
ch
as d
e
b
ates,
h
eu
r
is
tic
g
am
es,
an
d
d
ialo
g
u
e
c
o
n
f
e
r
en
ce
s
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
as
p
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m
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n
iz
in
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tu
r
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ce
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el
ate
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t
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a
n
ci
n
g
t
h
e
ac
t
iv
it
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m
p
o
n
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n
ts
.
T
h
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in
v
o
l
v
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r
e
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le
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I
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&
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2252
-
8
8
2
2
S
tr
a
teg
ies a
n
d
tech
n
iq
u
es fo
r
crea
tin
g
ed
u
ca
tio
n
a
l p
r
o
g
r
a
ms fo
r
tea
ch
ers
o
f …
(
Zh
a
n
a
r
a
N
u
r
mu
kh
a
med
o
va
)
1373
in
t
ell
ec
t
u
al
s
k
il
ls
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
ese
ar
ch
o
n
m
o
d
u
la
r
h
eu
r
i
s
tics
,
w
h
i
ch
wi
ll
b
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
te
d
b
y
s
t
u
d
e
n
ts
at
s
p
e
ci
f
ic
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
s
ites
in
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
e
d
u
c
ati
o
n
i
n
s
ti
tu
ti
o
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s
,
is
e
x
p
e
cte
d
t
o
m
a
k
e
a
s
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g
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if
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ca
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t
co
n
t
r
i
b
u
ti
o
n
to
t
h
is
f
ie
ld
.
T
h
ese
s
t
u
d
ies
m
ay
i
n
cl
u
d
e
t
h
e
m
o
v
e
m
en
t
o
f
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
m
a
tte
r
,
p
r
o
p
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ties
o
f
m
at
te
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e
x
p
lo
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ed
i
n
ch
em
is
tr
y
a
n
d
b
i
o
l
o
g
y
,
c
h
a
r
a
c
ter
is
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o
f
l
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m
att
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,
a
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d
t
h
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d
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o
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ic
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t
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d
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Mo
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n
s
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th
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m
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e
n
t
ati
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d
is
ci
p
li
n
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r
y
li
n
k
s
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o
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ti
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p
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s
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ls
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et
h
o
d
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lo
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t
ex
tb
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o
k
s
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an
d
te
ac
h
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n
g
ai
d
s
t
o
e
n
a
b
l
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h
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f
u
t
u
r
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te
ac
h
e
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t
o
esta
b
lis
h
a
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
s
k
il
ls
to
im
p
l
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e
n
t
co
m
m
u
n
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v
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ac
ti
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es
i
n
s
ch
o
o
l
.
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h
e
s
tu
d
e
n
t
d
esi
g
n
s
a
n
ed
u
c
ati
o
n
al
p
r
o
je
ct,
o
u
tl
in
in
g
t
h
e
n
e
ce
s
s
a
r
y
s
te
p
s
t
o
c
ar
r
y
o
u
t
t
h
e
r
es
ea
r
c
h
w
o
r
k
.
Sp
ec
if
ic
o
b
je
cti
v
es
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
in
c
lu
d
ed
t
o
i
n
d
ic
ate
t
h
e
r
o
le
an
d
p
l
ac
e
o
f
ea
ch
ac
ti
o
n
,
t
h
e
tim
e
o
f
d
e
p
l
o
y
m
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
es
e
a
cti
o
n
s
,
th
ei
r
p
a
r
ti
ci
p
a
n
ts
,
an
d
th
e
c
o
n
d
iti
o
n
s
n
e
ce
s
s
ar
y
f
o
r
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
n
ess
.
T
h
is
wi
ll
all
o
w
f
o
r
t
h
e
d
ef
i
n
i
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
w
illi
n
g
n
ess
o
f
th
e
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
t
o
im
p
l
em
e
n
t
s
c
ien
ti
f
ic
r
es
ea
r
c
h
o
n
p
s
y
c
h
o
l
o
g
i
ca
l
a
n
d
d
i
d
ac
tic
p
r
o
b
l
em
s
.
I
n
a
d
d
iti
o
n
,
th
e
a
b
il
it
y
to
a
n
al
y
z
e
e
d
u
ca
ti
o
n
al
ass
is
ta
n
c
e
e
x
p
e
r
ie
n
ce
b
as
ed
o
n
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
ci
en
ti
f
ic
ac
h
i
ev
em
en
ts
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
d
e
v
el
o
p
e
d
.
T
h
e
a
r
ti
cle
d
is
c
u
s
s
es
t
r
a
in
in
g
ex
p
e
r
i
en
ce
in
v
ar
i
o
u
s
s
c
ie
n
ti
f
i
c
r
esea
r
c
h
m
e
th
o
d
s
,
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
e
n
r
ic
h
m
e
n
t
o
f
ex
p
e
r
i
en
ce
,
s
c
ie
n
ti
f
i
c
e
x
p
la
n
a
t
io
n
,
d
esc
r
i
p
ti
o
n
,
an
d
s
y
s
t
em
ati
za
ti
o
n
o
f
in
n
o
v
at
iv
e
p
r
o
c
ess
es
i
n
t
h
e
e
d
u
ca
ti
o
n
al
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
.
I
t
als
o
co
v
e
r
s
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
li
n
g
e
x
p
e
r
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en
ce
o
f
e
d
u
c
ati
o
n
al
a
n
d
p
r
o
je
ct
ac
ti
v
iti
es,
a
s
we
ll a
s
th
e
b
asics
o
f
m
et
h
o
d
s
an
d
s
ta
g
es
o
f
a
n
al
y
zin
g
r
es
u
lts
o
f
s
ci
e
n
ti
f
ic
r
ese
a
r
ch
i
n
e
d
u
ca
t
io
n
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
th
ir
d
asp
ec
t
o
f
n
at
u
r
al
s
cien
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
is
estab
lis
h
in
g
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t'
s
v
alu
es.
T
h
is
in
v
o
lv
es
estab
lis
h
in
g
a
s
et
o
f
v
alu
es f
o
r
co
m
m
u
n
icativ
e
ac
tiv
ities
th
at
a
f
u
tu
r
e
teac
h
er
s
h
o
u
l
d
p
o
s
s
ess
.
T
h
is
s
et
is
b
ased
o
n
v
alu
es
-
k
n
o
wled
g
e,
wh
ic
h
d
eter
m
in
es
s
tu
d
en
ts
'
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
r
elev
an
t
co
n
ce
p
tu
al
an
d
ter
m
in
o
lo
g
ical
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
o
f
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
u
b
jects,
an
d
v
al
u
es
-
q
u
alities
,
wh
ich
en
co
m
p
ass
m
an
y
in
ter
r
elate
d
an
d
c
o
m
p
lem
en
ta
r
y
q
u
alities
o
f
a
f
u
t
u
r
e
teac
h
er
'
s
p
er
s
o
n
ality
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
is
v
al
u
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
,
wh
ich
en
co
m
p
a
s
s
es
th
e
en
tire
ty
o
f
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
s
tu
d
en
ts
an
d
teac
h
er
s
,
as
well
as
ea
ch
in
d
iv
id
u
al'
s
in
ter
n
al
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
o
f
th
em
s
elv
es
an
d
th
eir
lear
n
in
g
an
d
co
g
n
itiv
e
ac
tiv
ities
.
T
h
is
i
s
co
n
s
id
er
ed
f
r
o
m
p
s
y
c
h
o
lo
g
ic
al,
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
al,
an
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
p
e
r
s
p
ec
tiv
es.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
t
o
id
en
tify
a
s
eq
u
en
ce
o
f
im
p
li
ca
tio
n
s
[
1
5
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
is
v
alu
e
-
b
ased
k
n
o
wled
g
e,
wh
ic
h
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
an
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
-
ed
u
ca
tio
n
d
o
m
ain
wh
e
r
e
lear
n
i
n
g
ca
n
b
e
m
an
ag
e
d
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
is
v
alu
e
-
b
ased
k
n
o
wled
g
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
in
g
,
wh
ich
e
x
ten
d
s
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
-
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
f
ield
in
s
p
ac
e
an
d
tim
e
an
d
h
elp
s
to
estab
lis
h
s
tu
d
en
ts
'
v
is
io
n
o
f
th
e
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
wo
r
l
d
.
T
h
e
th
ir
d
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t is v
alu
e
-
b
ased
tr
an
s
f
er
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e,
wh
ich
i
n
v
o
l
v
es
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t'
s
en
tr
y
in
to
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
a
r
ea
an
d
en
g
a
g
es
th
em
in
ev
alu
atin
g
a
n
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
in
te
r
n
al
a
n
d
e
x
ter
n
al
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
T
h
is
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
also
co
n
s
id
er
s
p
s
y
ch
o
lo
g
ical
asp
ec
ts
s
u
ch
as
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
co
m
m
u
n
icate
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
,
in
d
ep
e
n
d
en
tly
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
an
d
u
tili
ze
v
ar
io
u
s
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
f
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
T
h
e
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
wo
r
ld
v
iew,
b
ased
o
n
v
alu
es,
i
s
th
e
u
ltima
te
an
d
h
ig
h
est ac
h
iev
em
en
t
o
f
s
cien
c
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
tate
o
f
f
u
tu
r
e
teac
h
e
r
tr
ai
n
in
g
i
n
s
cien
ce
s
u
b
jects
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
tr
ain
in
g
p
r
im
ar
ily
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
estab
lis
h
in
g
th
e
v
a
lu
e
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e
an
d
its
ap
p
licatio
n
in
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
T
h
e
r
em
ain
in
g
two
s
ets
o
f
v
alu
es
ar
e
en
tr
en
ch
ed
in
th
e
s
cien
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
e
m
ain
o
u
tco
m
e
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
a
s
et
o
f
s
o
cially
r
elev
an
t
v
alu
es
b
ased
o
n
th
e
d
is
cip
lin
ar
y
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
s
cie
n
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
o
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
m
an
ag
e
t
h
e
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
an
d
ev
alu
atio
n
ac
tiv
itie
s
o
f
teac
h
er
s
an
d
th
e
s
elf
-
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
'
lear
n
in
g
ac
tiv
ities
,
a
s
p
ec
ial
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
m
u
s
t
b
e
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
.
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
b
asis
f
o
r
estab
lis
h
in
g
s
u
ch
a
q
u
ality
ass
es
s
m
en
t
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
is
th
e
tr
an
s
itio
n
to
t
h
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
d
is
cip
lin
es
as
co
n
tr
ib
u
tin
g
to
s
tu
d
en
t
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
in
an
a
x
io
lo
g
ical
asp
ec
t,
estab
lis
h
in
g
o
n
th
is
b
asis
th
e
wo
r
ld
v
iew
o
f
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
s
cien
ce
in
d
ev
elo
p
ed
c
o
u
n
tr
ies
n
ec
es
s
itates
s
p
ec
ialis
t
s
with
a
h
ig
h
lev
el
o
f
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
cu
ltu
r
e
an
d
an
estab
lis
h
ed
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
m
in
d
s
et.
B
asic
an
d
m
u
ltil
ev
el
tr
ai
n
in
g
in
th
e
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
is
es
s
en
tial
in
to
d
ay
'
s
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
-
d
r
iv
en
wo
r
ld
.
T
h
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
y
s
tem
o
f
h
ig
h
er
teac
h
e
r
tr
ain
in
g
i
n
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
h
as
r
ev
ea
led
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
e
x
ter
n
al
p
r
o
b
lem
s
r
elate
d
to
its
m
o
d
er
n
izatio
n
.
T
h
ese
in
clu
d
e
th
e
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
lev
el
o
f
b
asic
tr
ain
in
g
f
o
r
s
cien
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
p
ec
ialis
ts
,
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
u
n
if
ied
s
tate
ex
am
i
n
atio
n
f
o
r
g
r
ad
u
ates
o
f
g
e
n
er
al
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
,
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
s
ch
o
o
l
s
p
ec
ialis
ts
with
n
ew
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
id
ea
s
i
n
s
cien
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
an
d
th
e
s
h
o
r
tag
e
o
f
teac
h
er
s
.
A
d
d
itio
n
ally
,
s
cien
tific
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
o
f
th
e
d
ep
ar
tm
e
n
t
o
f
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
f
o
r
in
n
o
v
ati
v
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
id
e
n
tifie
d
as
a
co
n
ce
r
n
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e
,
th
e
m
o
d
er
n
izatio
n
o
f
h
i
g
h
er
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
teac
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
h
o
u
ld
r
esu
lt
in
an
u
p
d
ated
s
y
s
tem
o
f
tr
ain
in
g
f
o
r
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
th
at
m
ee
ts
th
e
s
o
cieta
l
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
f
o
r
teac
h
in
g
s
taf
f
in
p
u
b
lic
h
ig
h
er
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
teac
h
er
tr
ain
i
n
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
in
s
cien
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
aim
s
to
p
r
o
m
o
te
s
m
o
o
th
in
ter
ac
tio
n
b
etwe
en
n
ew
teac
h
er
s
an
d
cr
ea
tiv
e
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
en
co
u
r
ag
in
g
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
h
ig
h
er
s
tan
d
ar
d
in
teac
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
with
in
th
e
co
m
p
etitiv
e
f
ield
o
f
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
[
1
2
]
,
[
2
8
]
.
T
o
ac
h
ie
v
e
th
is
,
it
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
th
e
in
d
iv
id
u
al
n
ee
d
s
o
f
s
cien
tific
ed
u
ca
to
r
s
in
d
if
f
er
en
t
r
eg
io
n
s
wh
o
p
o
s
s
ess
i
n
n
o
v
ativ
e
th
i
n
k
in
g
an
d
r
esear
ch
s
k
ills
,
an
d
to
d
e
v
elo
p
c
u
s
to
m
ized
tr
ain
in
g
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
ly
.
Dev
elo
p
i
n
g
a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
ed
b
y
a
co
h
esiv
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
an
d
m
atr
ix
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
al
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
is
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
an
d
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
o
cial
ef
f
ec
ts
.
I
t
i
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il
20
25
:
1
3
6
9
-
1
3
7
8
1374
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en
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ctiv
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R
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ter
d
is
cip
lin
ar
y
c
en
ter
h
as
b
ee
n
estab
lis
h
ed
in
R
u
s
s
ia
to
in
teg
r
ate
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
,
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
an
aly
tics
,
an
d
c
o
n
s
u
ltin
g
.
I
t
s
er
v
es
as
a
co
r
n
e
r
s
to
n
e
f
o
r
R
u
s
s
ia
'
s
s
h
if
t
to
war
d
s
an
in
n
o
v
a
tiv
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
tal
p
ath
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
b
o
th
th
eo
r
etica
l in
s
ig
h
ts
an
d
p
r
ac
tical
co
n
tr
i
b
u
tio
n
s
to
th
is
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ativ
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
ep
ar
ati
o
n
o
f
f
u
tu
r
e
tea
ch
er
s
in
th
e
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
r
eq
u
ir
es
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
in
teg
r
ity
.
T
h
is
in
clu
d
es
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
r
e
g
u
l
ar
ities
an
d
s
o
cio
-
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tals
th
at
d
ef
in
e
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
s
o
cio
-
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
ter
ac
tio
n
an
d
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
a
s
p
ac
e
f
o
r
lear
n
in
g
ab
o
u
t
n
ew
s
ch
o
o
l
s
y
s
tem
s
[
2
9
]
.
I
t
also
in
v
o
lv
es
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
in
g
b
asic
co
n
ce
p
ts
an
d
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
p
r
i
n
cip
les
f
o
r
b
u
ild
in
g
a
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
an
d
s
y
s
tem
,
as
well
as
a
th
eo
r
etica
l
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
tr
ain
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
teac
h
er
s
in
th
is
c
o
n
tex
t.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
it in
clu
d
es th
e
s
tag
es o
f
th
e
in
n
o
v
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
its
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
an
d
th
eo
r
etica
l
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
s
f
o
r
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
th
e
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
tr
ain
in
g
f
u
tu
r
e
teac
h
e
r
s
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
s
cien
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
th
e
g
e
n
er
al
s
o
cial
d
esig
n
th
e
o
r
y
[
3
0
]
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
m
o
d
el
o
f
teac
h
in
g
d
e
g
r
ee
s
an
d
m
aster
s
was
f
u
lly
ex
p
lo
r
e
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
id
ea
o
f
in
teg
r
atio
n
,
w
h
ich
co
n
s
id
er
s
th
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
th
e
o
b
ject
o
f
th
e
i
n
ter
ac
tiv
e
s
ea
r
ch
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
tr
ain
in
g
o
f
b
ac
h
elo
r
s
an
d
m
aster
s
was
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
a
s
y
s
tem
atic
an
d
c
en
tr
al
lin
k
in
th
e
en
tire
o
r
g
a
n
i
za
tio
n
al
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
a
teac
h
er
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
.
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
tr
ain
in
g
o
f
m
ast
er
s
was
im
p
r
o
v
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
ac
h
ie
v
ed
b
y
s
elec
tin
g
cy
cles
an
d
co
n
ten
t
o
f
d
is
cip
lin
es,
an
d
elec
tiv
e
co
u
r
s
es p
r
esen
ted
in
th
r
ee
u
n
its
: b
asic,
th
eo
r
etica
l,
an
d
p
r
ac
ti
ca
l.
T
h
e
b
asic u
n
it c
o
m
p
r
is
es th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
an
d
th
e
o
r
etica
l
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
s
o
f
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
tr
ai
n
in
g
,
estab
lis
h
in
g
th
e
s
tr
ateg
y
an
d
tactics
f
o
r
its
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
T
h
e
th
e
o
r
etica
l
u
n
it
co
v
er
s
th
e
m
ain
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
s
,
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
an
d
th
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
co
m
p
eten
ce
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
T
h
e
p
r
ac
tical
u
n
it
is
b
ased
o
n
a
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
tr
ain
in
g
p
ac
k
ag
e
an
d
its
im
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
,
with
t
h
e
id
ea
o
f
co
n
tin
u
ity
allo
win
g
th
e
c
o
n
ce
p
t
to
b
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
in
s
ev
er
al
p
h
ases
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
tr
ain
i
n
g
o
f
g
r
ad
u
ates
an
d
teac
h
er
s
ty
p
ically
in
v
o
lv
es
th
r
ee
m
ain
s
tag
es:
th
eo
r
etica
l
tr
ain
in
g
,
p
r
ac
tical
tr
ain
in
g
,
an
d
s
elf
-
ed
u
ca
ti
o
n
a
n
d
s
elf
-
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
I
t
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t to
n
o
te
th
at
t
h
ese
s
tag
es a
r
e
s
eq
u
en
tial a
n
d
b
u
ild
u
p
o
n
e
ac
h
o
t
h
er
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
im
p
lem
en
t
an
d
co
n
cr
etize
th
e
id
ea
s
an
d
s
ch
em
es
o
f
th
is
p
r
o
ject,
s
o
m
e
co
n
ce
p
tu
al
is
s
u
es
will
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
.
As
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
in
a
teac
h
er
tr
ain
in
g
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
,
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
p
ec
ialis
t
s
s
h
o
u
ld
d
e
v
elo
p
th
eir
s
k
ills
b
ased
o
n
cu
ltu
r
al
p
ar
ad
i
g
m
s
an
d
g
en
er
ally
ac
ce
p
ted
h
u
m
an
it
ies
ed
u
ca
tio
n
[
3
1
]
.
T
h
is
im
p
lies
th
at
th
e
tr
an
s
itio
n
to
p
er
s
o
n
-
ce
n
ter
ed
,
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
ally
-
o
r
ien
te
d
tr
ain
in
g
s
h
o
u
ld
r
ef
lect
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
th
e
m
ain
tr
en
d
s
o
f
s
ch
o
o
l
ed
u
ca
ti
o
n
in
b
io
lo
g
ical,
c
h
em
ical
an
d
p
h
y
s
ical
s
cien
ce
s
,
b
u
t
also
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
n
atio
n
al
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
ar
e
im
p
lem
e
n
ted
an
d
f
o
cu
s
o
n
th
e
s
tr
ateg
ic
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
en
h
an
cin
g
th
e
in
tellect
u
al
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
th
e
y
o
u
n
g
er
g
en
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
t
h
eo
r
etica
l
m
o
d
el
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
tr
ain
in
g
o
f
teac
h
er
s
i
n
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
is
b
ased
o
n
a
s
y
s
tem
atic,
m
u
ltil
ev
el,
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
al
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
I
t
s
er
v
es
as
a
g
u
id
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
o
f
tr
ain
in
g
s
tu
d
en
ts
in
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
m
ea
n
s
o
f
ac
h
iev
in
g
th
e
lea
r
n
in
g
o
b
jectiv
es
with
in
teg
r
ity
,
co
m
p
lex
ity
,
an
d
s
u
cc
ess
.
T
o
en
s
u
r
e
a
co
h
e
r
en
t
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
an
d
s
p
ec
if
ic
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
id
ea
s
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
ac
tice,
it
is
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
to
d
ev
elo
p
a
m
eth
o
d
ical
s
y
s
tem
o
f
teac
h
in
g
an
d
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
its
i
m
p
lem
en
tatio
n
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
o
f
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
s
y
s
tem
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
b
ased
o
n
s
cien
tific
co
n
ce
p
ts
an
d
th
eo
r
etica
l
m
o
d
els.
I
t
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
g
r
ad
u
al
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
a
s
h
if
t
in
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
th
is
s
y
s
tem
to
ac
h
iev
e
th
e
d
esire
d
o
u
tco
m
es.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
v
o
lv
es
p
u
r
p
o
s
ef
u
l,
p
r
o
ject
-
b
ased
,
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
al,
an
d
ef
f
icien
t
asp
ec
ts
.
Sy
s
tem
ic
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es
a
n
d
in
d
iv
id
u
alize
d
a
ctiv
ities
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
m
an
ag
e
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
r
atio
n
all
y
an
d
f
lex
i
b
ly
.
A
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
ical
s
y
s
tem
is
u
s
ed
to
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
r
esear
ch
a
n
d
im
p
lem
en
t
th
e
p
r
i
n
cip
les
o
u
tl
in
ed
in
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t.
I
t
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
d
y
n
am
ic
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
u
n
d
er
ce
r
tain
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
A
s
p
ec
if
ic
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
f
o
r
en
h
an
cin
g
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
tr
ain
in
g
at
d
if
f
er
en
t
lev
els
o
f
s
tu
d
en
t
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
b
ased
o
n
i
ts
d
esig
n
,
will
allo
w
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
ac
tical
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
ce
p
t
a
n
d
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
ical
s
y
s
tem
[
3
2
]
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
asp
ec
t
o
f
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
is
id
e
n
tifie
d
b
y
s
u
b
s
tan
tiatin
g
th
e
ess
en
ce
an
d
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
o
f
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
i
ca
l
tr
ain
in
g
o
f
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
with
a
ce
r
tain
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
co
m
p
lex
,
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
s
p
h
er
e,
s
cien
tific
d
is
cip
lin
e
o
n
th
e
b
asis
o
f
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
s
tan
d
a
r
d
[
3
3
]
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
ic
n
atu
r
e
an
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
s
ig
n
if
ican
ce
o
f
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
tr
ain
in
g
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
s
cien
tific
ed
u
ca
tio
n
ar
e
r
ev
ea
led
.
I
n
ter
m
s
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
y
'
s
lim
itatio
n
s
,
it
i
s
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
n
o
te
th
e
s
ca
r
city
o
f
r
es
ea
r
ch
o
n
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
an
d
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
i
es
f
o
r
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
p
a
r
ticu
lar
ly
in
th
e
co
n
t
ex
t
o
f
Kaz
ak
h
s
tan
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
s
y
s
tem
o
f
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
h
as
lim
itatio
n
s
in
teac
h
er
tr
ain
in
g
,
wh
ich
h
in
d
er
s
th
e
ad
eq
u
ate
p
r
ep
a
r
atio
n
o
f
teac
h
er
s
f
o
r
teac
h
in
g
s
cien
ce
in
s
e
co
n
d
ar
y
s
ch
o
o
ls
.
T
h
ese
lim
itatio
n
s
s
u
g
g
est
ar
ea
s
f
o
r
f
u
r
th
er
r
esear
ch
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
S
tr
a
teg
ies a
n
d
tech
n
iq
u
es fo
r
crea
tin
g
ed
u
ca
tio
n
a
l p
r
o
g
r
a
ms fo
r
tea
ch
ers
o
f …
(
Zh
a
n
a
r
a
N
u
r
mu
kh
a
med
o
va
)
1375
T
h
e
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
in
cl
u
d
es
v
alid
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
co
n
ten
t,
ac
tiv
ities
,
an
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
[
3
4
]
,
[
3
5
]
.
An
in
n
o
v
ati
v
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
tr
ain
in
g
f
o
r
teac
h
e
r
s
in
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
h
as
r
esu
lted
in
s
ev
er
al
ac
tiv
ities
.
T
h
ese
ac
tiv
itie
s
in
v
o
lv
e
d
ef
in
in
g
co
n
ce
p
ts
,
laws,
an
d
th
eo
r
ies
co
m
m
o
n
t
o
all
s
cien
ce
d
is
cip
lin
es
an
d
estab
lis
h
in
g
th
e
s
eq
u
en
ce
f
o
r
d
is
tr
ib
u
tin
g
t
h
eir
c
o
n
ten
t.
I
t
in
v
o
lv
es
en
s
u
r
in
g
th
at
co
m
m
o
n
c
o
n
ce
p
ts
ar
e
in
ter
p
r
ete
d
co
n
s
is
ten
tly
ac
r
o
s
s
s
u
b
jects,
wh
ile
also
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
t
h
eir
u
n
iq
u
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
in
ea
ch
d
is
cip
lin
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
al
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
a
n
d
s
tu
d
y
m
eth
o
d
s
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
er
e
is
a
f
o
cu
s
o
n
m
ain
tain
in
g
co
n
tin
u
ity
in
estab
lis
h
in
g
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
b
asic
co
n
ce
p
ts
in
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
,
as
well
as
g
e
n
er
al
p
e
d
ag
o
g
ical
an
d
co
g
n
itiv
e
s
k
ills
.
T
h
e
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
i
d
en
tif
ies
way
s
to
p
r
esen
t
p
h
y
s
ical,
b
io
lo
g
ical,
an
d
ch
em
ical
p
h
en
o
m
en
a
a
n
d
r
ec
o
g
n
izes
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
th
ese
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
o
n
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
liv
in
g
o
r
g
a
n
is
m
s
.
I
t
in
v
o
lv
es
r
ev
is
in
g
ac
ad
em
ic
co
n
ten
t
to
r
ef
le
ct
r
ec
en
t
s
cien
tific
ad
v
an
ce
m
e
n
ts
an
d
in
co
r
p
o
r
ati
n
g
th
e
b
io
lo
g
ical
s
ig
n
if
ican
ce
o
f
p
h
y
s
ical
an
d
ch
em
ical
p
r
o
c
ess
es
in
th
e
liv
es
o
f
liv
in
g
o
r
g
a
n
is
m
s
.
T
h
e
ap
p
r
o
a
ch
in
v
o
lv
es
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
tr
ain
in
g
f
o
r
g
r
a
d
u
at
es
an
d
teac
h
er
s
in
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
is
is
ac
co
m
p
lis
h
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
an
in
teg
r
ated
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
th
at
c
o
m
b
in
es
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
ical
id
ea
s
,
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
an
d
p
r
in
ci
p
les,
tak
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
co
n
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
tr
en
d
s
in
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t a
n
d
d
r
awin
g
f
r
o
m
b
o
th
d
o
m
esti
c
an
d
f
o
r
eig
n
ex
p
e
r
ien
ce
s
[
3
6
]
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
e
d
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
a
r
e
co
n
s
is
ten
t
with
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
r
esear
ch
o
n
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
t
o
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
Sp
ec
if
ically
,
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
t
h
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
ce
o
f
d
ev
e
lo
p
in
g
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
co
n
ce
p
ts
,
co
n
d
u
ctin
g
r
esear
c
h
ac
tiv
ities
,
an
d
u
tili
zin
g
h
e
u
r
is
tic
m
eth
o
d
s
.
T
h
is
p
ap
e
r
'
s
m
o
d
el
in
co
r
p
o
r
ates
u
n
iq
u
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
an
d
co
n
s
id
er
s
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
Kaz
ak
h
s
tan
.
C
er
tain
u
n
its
,
n
am
ely
b
asi
c,
th
eo
r
etica
l,
an
d
p
r
ac
tical,
ca
n
b
e
i
d
en
tifie
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
cien
tific
an
al
y
s
is
.
T
h
ese
u
n
its
s
er
v
e
as
th
e
m
o
tiv
atin
g
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
th
e
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
f
u
t
u
r
e
teac
h
er
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
tr
ain
in
g
i
n
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
f
iv
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
:
o
b
jectiv
e,
m
o
tiv
atio
n
al,
s
u
b
s
tan
tiv
e,
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
al,
an
d
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
esen
ts
a
m
et
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
f
o
r
tr
ain
in
g
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
s
in
th
e
R
ep
u
b
lic
o
f
Kaz
ak
h
s
tan
u
s
in
g
th
is
co
n
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
e
n
e
ed
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
is
s
u
e
o
f
teac
h
er
tr
ain
in
g
in
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
u
b
jects
in
s
ch
o
o
ls
in
Kaz
ak
h
s
tan
ar
is
es f
r
o
m
th
e
s
ev
er
e
lack
o
f
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
tr
a
in
in
g
in
th
is
f
ield
in
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
tr
ain
in
g
o
f
th
ese
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
als
with
in
th
e
h
ig
h
er
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
is
n
o
w
r
estricte
d
to
ce
r
tifie
d
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
als
o
n
ly
.
T
h
e
lack
o
f
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
i
n
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
tr
ain
in
g
f
o
r
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
s
ch
o
o
ls
,
co
u
p
led
with
th
e
lim
itatio
n
s
o
f
th
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
teac
h
er
tr
ain
in
g
s
y
s
tem
,
h
as
led
to
th
e
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
o
f
an
alter
n
ativ
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
tr
ain
i
n
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
“Na
tu
r
al
Scien
ce
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
”.
T
h
is
d
esig
n
was
im
p
lem
en
ted
b
ased
o
n
th
e
s
o
cio
-
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
an
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
th
e
R
ep
u
b
lic
o
f
Kaz
ak
h
s
tan
,
wh
ic
h
wer
e
tak
en
i
n
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t o
f
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
.
I
n
t
h
e
2
1
s
t
c
e
n
t
u
r
y
,
te
ac
h
e
r
s
h
av
e
b
ec
o
m
e
m
o
r
e
g
e
n
e
r
a
lis
t
i
n
n
at
u
r
e
.
T
h
e
y
p
o
s
s
ess
k
n
o
wl
ed
g
e
o
f
b
o
t
h
h
u
m
an
ities
an
d
s
ci
e
n
ce
s
,
as
well
as
r
el
ate
d
a
n
d
u
n
r
el
ate
d
d
is
c
ip
li
n
es
.
T
h
e
y
a
r
e
a
b
le
t
o
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
p
r
o
f
ess
i
o
n
a
l l
a
n
g
u
ag
es
an
d
p
ar
tici
p
a
te
i
n
i
n
t
er
d
is
ci
p
li
n
ar
y
in
t
er
ac
ti
o
n
s
.
T
h
is
e
n
ab
les
t
h
e
m
t
o
d
ea
l
wi
th
c
o
m
p
le
x
o
b
je
cti
v
es
a
n
d
p
r
o
g
r
ess
p
r
o
f
es
s
io
n
al
ly
i
n
v
ar
io
u
s
f
i
el
d
s
o
f
p
r
ac
ti
ce
.
P
r
o
f
ess
i
o
n
als
i
n
ed
u
ca
t
io
n
s
h
o
u
ld
r
ec
ei
v
e
tr
a
in
in
g
i
n
b
o
t
h
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
a
n
d
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
t
io
n
[
3
7
]
.
As
s
u
c
h
,
n
ew
r
e
q
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
f
o
r
t
h
e
t
r
a
in
in
g
o
f
te
ac
h
e
r
s
ar
e
e
m
e
r
g
i
n
g
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
er
n
er
a
e
m
p
h
asiz
es
r
e
f
le
x
i
v
e
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
k
n
o
wl
ed
g
e
a
cq
u
is
iti
o
n
.
I
t
is
n
o
l
o
n
g
er
s
u
f
f
i
cie
n
t
t
o
s
im
p
l
y
d
e
lv
e
in
to
a
f
iel
d
;
o
n
e
m
u
s
t
als
o
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
t
h
e
s
u
b
tlet
ies
o
f
its
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e,
a
r
ea
s
o
f
p
r
o
g
r
ess
,
an
d
w
a
y
s
t
o
i
n
t
e
g
r
ate
wit
h
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
k
n
o
w
le
d
g
e
.
A
n
y
s
u
b
j
ec
t
t
ea
c
h
er
s
h
o
u
l
d
p
o
s
s
ess
at
le
ast
s
l
ig
h
t
ly
m
o
r
e
k
n
o
w
le
d
g
e
t
h
a
n
a
m
u
lti
-
s
u
b
je
ct
tea
c
h
e
r
.
I
n
t
h
e
c
ase
o
f
s
cie
n
ti
f
i
c
k
n
o
wle
d
g
e
,
s
p
ec
i
f
i
ca
lly
d
esi
g
n
e
d
tea
c
h
e
r
tr
a
in
in
g
is
n
ec
ess
a
r
y
.
T
h
e
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
im
p
l
em
en
tat
io
n
o
f
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
cie
n
t
if
i
c
k
n
o
wl
e
d
g
e
r
eq
u
ir
es
o
r
g
an
iz
ati
o
n
al
tec
h
n
i
q
u
es
f
o
r
g
r
ad
u
all
y
id
e
n
tif
y
i
n
g
an
d
i
n
cl
u
d
i
n
g
e
le
m
e
n
t
s
o
f
n
at
u
r
al
s
ci
en
ce
i
n
t
h
e
t
e
ac
h
i
n
g
o
f
g
e
n
e
r
al
s
u
b
je
cts.
T
e
ac
h
e
r
s
s
h
o
u
l
d
i
d
e
n
ti
f
y
t
h
e
n
at
u
r
a
l
s
ci
en
ce
co
n
c
ep
ts
th
at
a
r
e
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
to
t
h
e
cu
r
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ic
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l
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m
a
n
d
d
esi
g
n
a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
ate
e
d
u
c
ati
o
n
al
ac
ti
v
iti
es
ar
o
u
n
d
t
h
e
m
[
3
8
]
.
T
h
e
y
s
h
o
u
l
d
a
ls
o
c
o
n
d
u
ct
a
n
i
n
i
tial
e
x
a
m
i
n
a
ti
o
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o
f
th
e
s
t
u
d
e
n
ts
'
r
ea
d
i
n
ess
a
n
d
t
h
en
,
af
t
e
r
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
te
ac
h
i
n
g
h
as
b
e
e
n
c
o
m
p
let
e
d
,
t
h
e
y
s
h
o
u
l
d
e
x
a
m
i
n
e
t
h
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r
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lts
o
b
tai
n
ed
b
y
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h
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s
t
u
d
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t
s
a
n
d
a
d
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s
t t
h
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s
u
p
p
le
m
e
n
ta
r
y
m
et
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
co
n
s
id
er
s
th
e
p
r
in
cip
les
an
d
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
f
o
r
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
to
p
r
ep
a
r
e
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
s
f
o
r
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
s
ch
o
o
l
wo
r
k
,
with
th
e
aim
o
f
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
th
e
b
asic
s
k
ills
teac
h
er
s
n
ee
d
to
wo
r
k
in
to
d
ay
'
s
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
An
a
n
al
y
s
is
o
f
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
ev
ea
ls
th
at
o
n
ly
a
m
in
o
r
ity
o
f
teac
h
e
r
s
ar
e
awa
r
e
o
f
th
is
in
n
o
v
atio
n
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
h
as
id
en
tifie
d
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
teac
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s
with
th
e
n
ec
ess
ar
y
s
k
ills
to
im
p
lem
en
t
th
e
m
eta
-
d
is
cip
lin
ar
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
i
n
th
e
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
b
le
m
ca
n
b
e
ad
d
r
ess
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
teac
h
er
tr
ai
n
in
g
in
s
y
s
tem
r
ef
r
esh
er
co
u
r
s
es.
As
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
th
e
teac
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s
h
o
u
ld
p
r
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v
id
e
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atio
n
s
o
f
m
eth
o
d
s
f
o
r
th
e
r
atio
n
al
u
s
e
o
f
b
r
ain
r
eser
v
es
an
d
h
an
d
lin
g
n
atu
r
ally
o
cc
u
r
r
in
g
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
Op
p
o
r
t
u
n
ities
f
o
r
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
to
lear
n
in
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
tly
an
d
to
m
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f
r
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m
p
ass
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lan
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(
r
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)
to
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f
o
r
m
s
,
s
u
ch
as
s
p
ea
k
in
g
an
d
wr
itin
g
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
co
u
r
s
es
f
o
r
s
cie
n
ce
teac
h
er
s
im
p
lem
en
t
b
o
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h
th
e
th
eo
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etica
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an
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ap
p
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co
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p
o
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o
f
th
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m
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b
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ap
p
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eta
-
an
al
y
s
is
is
o
f
p
r
ac
tical
im
p
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T
h
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tu
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f
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i
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m
o
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cien
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Sp
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b
ased
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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1376
o
n
a
liter
atu
r
e
an
aly
s
is
.
A
p
r
o
p
o
s
al
is
m
ad
e
f
o
r
f
o
r
m
in
g
a
co
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m
u
n
ity
o
f
f
u
n
d
am
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tal
co
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ce
p
ts
in
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
,
o
r
g
an
izin
g
s
tu
d
en
ts
’
r
esear
ch
ac
tiv
ities
,
an
d
in
teg
r
atin
g
h
eu
r
is
tic
teac
h
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
in
to
th
e
tr
ain
in
g
o
f
f
u
tu
r
e
teac
h
e
r
s
.
T
h
is
will
en
h
an
ce
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
cu
r
r
icu
la
an
d
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
teac
h
er
tr
ain
in
g
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
an
ex
ten
s
iv
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
y
’
s
f
in
d
in
g
s
,
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
m
a
k
e
m
u
ltip
le
i
n
f
er
en
ce
s
th
at
th
eir
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
teg
r
ated
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
to
tr
ain
in
g
s
cien
ce
teac
h
e
r
s
will
ad
d
r
ess
lim
itatio
n
s
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
u
p
o
n
tr
ad
itio
n
al
teac
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
in
Kaz
ak
h
s
tan
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
s
tatis
tical
an
aly
s
is
is
n
o
t
d
ir
ec
tly
p
r
esen
ted
,
th
e
au
th
o
r
’
s
f
r
am
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
y
s
tem
’
s
d
e
f
icien
cies,
th
e
ex
p
ec
te
d
b
e
n
ef
its
o
f
th
eir
th
e
o
r
etica
l
m
o
d
el,
a
n
d
th
e
p
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
th
ei
r
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
as
an
ad
v
an
ce
m
en
t
o
v
er
ex
is
tin
g
r
ig
id
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
im
p
ly
th
at
th
eir
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
will
en
h
a
n
ce
th
e
q
u
ality
an
d
e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
tr
ain
in
g
.
T
h
ese
in
f
er
en
ce
s
ar
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
t
h
e
s
tu
d
y
’
s
g
o
als,
liter
atu
r
e
r
e
v
iew,
an
d
co
n
ce
p
tu
al
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
.
I
n
ess
en
ce
,
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
th
eir
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
a
n
ec
ess
ar
y
ad
v
an
c
em
en
t
to
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
s
cien
ce
t
ea
ch
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
Kaz
ak
h
s
tan
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
is
lim
ited
b
y
th
e
lack
o
f
r
esear
ch
o
n
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
an
d
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
f
o
r
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
cu
r
r
icu
la
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
Kaz
ak
h
s
tan
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
teac
h
e
r
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
h
as
lim
itatio
n
s
in
ad
eq
u
at
ely
p
r
ep
ar
i
n
g
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
s
ch
o
o
l
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
an
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
cu
r
r
ic
u
la
f
o
r
s
cien
ce
te
ac
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
Kaz
ak
h
s
tan
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
co
n
s
id
er
s
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
n
e
ed
s
o
f
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
a
n
d
h
as
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
h
ig
h
er
teac
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
i
n
n
at
u
r
al
s
cien
ce
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
h
av
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
th
e
o
r
etica
l
an
d
p
r
ac
tical
im
p
licatio
n
s
.
4.
СO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
a
n
o
v
el
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
f
o
r
tr
ain
in
g
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
s
in
Kaz
ak
h
s
tan
.
T
h
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ar
is
e
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
s
u
f
f
i
cien
t
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
tr
ain
in
g
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
in
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
i
n
s
titu
tio
n
s
,
wh
ich
cu
r
r
en
tly
lim
it
s
p
ec
ialized
s
ci
en
ce
teac
h
er
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
to
ce
r
t
if
ied
teac
h
er
s
o
n
ly
.
T
h
e
lim
itatio
n
s
o
f
tr
a
d
itio
n
al
teac
h
er
tr
ain
in
g
m
o
d
els
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
e
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
r
ef
o
r
m
s
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
is
cu
s
to
m
ized
to
th
e
s
o
cio
-
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
an
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
co
n
tex
t
o
f
Kaz
a
k
h
s
tan
.
I
t
p
r
esen
ts
a
th
eo
r
etica
l
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
a
n
d
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
r
ep
ar
atio
n
o
f
m
o
d
er
n
s
cien
ce
teac
h
er
s
b
as
ed
o
n
a
s
y
s
tem
atic
an
aly
s
is
o
f
liter
atu
r
e
a
n
d
b
est
p
r
ac
tices.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
in
clu
d
es
k
ey
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
s
u
ch
as
o
b
jectiv
es,
m
o
tiv
atio
n
s
,
co
n
ten
t,
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es,
an
d
in
te
n
d
ed
o
u
tco
m
es.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
’
s
c
o
r
e
asp
ec
ts
in
clu
d
e
in
teg
r
atin
g
p
h
y
s
ics,
ch
em
is
tr
y
,
an
d
b
i
o
lo
g
y
t
o
d
ev
elo
p
s
cien
tific
wo
r
ld
v
iews,
alig
n
in
g
co
n
ten
t
with
co
n
tem
p
o
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NC
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[
1
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.
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