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z
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s
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ly
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a
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c
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sid
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e
,
with
t
h
e
p
ro
p
o
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ti
o
n
o
f
su
c
h
re
v
e
n
u
e
in
c
re
a
sin
g
a
n
n
u
a
ll
y
.
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e
fin
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ial
p
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a
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c
e
o
f
th
e
se
in
stit
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o
n
s
a
lso
p
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d
ica
tes
a
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in
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a
sin
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g
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ss
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a
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a
l
y
sis
sh
o
ws
th
a
t
fi
n
a
n
c
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su
b
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y
re
v
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n
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a
s
a
p
o
siti
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imp
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v
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imp
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fin
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s
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Ch
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fin
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a
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c
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fin
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n
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e
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Fin
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
Gen
er
al
co
lleg
es a
n
d
u
n
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ities
I
m
p
ac
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I
n
d
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s
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ev
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s
tr
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T
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is i
s
a
n
o
p
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c
c
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a
rticle
u
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d
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r th
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CC B
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li
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.
C
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p
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A
uth
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:
Haz
ian
ti Ab
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l H
alim
Dep
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tm
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t o
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Acc
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Facu
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Ma
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a
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m
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E
c
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o
m
ics
Un
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s
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d
id
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Su
ltan
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d
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Per
ak
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Ma
lay
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m
ail:
h
az
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ti@
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p
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m
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1.
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RO
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th
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p
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f
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in
s
titu
tio
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s
h
as
b
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n
c
o
n
s
tan
tly
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n
cr
ea
s
in
g
.
Gen
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an
d
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C
h
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ar
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to
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ate
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I
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2
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2
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9
2
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7
3
8
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4
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lt h
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s
[
1
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.
C
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2
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5
4
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[
2
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.
Desp
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s
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b
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th
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allo
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I
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8
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Th
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imp
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f g
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l c
o
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…
(
Ho
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Yu
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1115
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
f
u
n
d
s
ac
r
o
s
s
v
ar
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o
u
s
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ican
tly
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ev
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T
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tr
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[
3
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,
[
4
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.
T
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m
ain
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s
o
f
f
u
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[
3
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.
Mo
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[
5
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T
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I
n
2
0
1
9
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C
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C
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o
u
n
cil
ca
lled
o
n
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
t
o
ac
ce
ler
ate
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
b
u
d
g
et
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
T
h
is
d
ir
ec
tiv
e
aim
ed
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
f
u
n
d
s
,
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
an
d
r
aise
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
s
er
v
ices
[
6
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
m
ay
ass
i
s
t
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
in
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
ef
f
ec
ti
v
en
ess
o
f
f
u
n
d
u
tili
za
tio
n
,
o
p
tim
izin
g
r
eso
u
r
c
e
allo
ca
tio
n
,
an
d
s
tr
ea
m
lin
in
g
th
e
ex
p
e
n
d
itu
r
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
t
h
u
s
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
t
h
e
f
in
a
n
cial
m
an
ag
em
en
t
lev
el
a
n
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
q
u
ality
o
f
s
u
ch
c
o
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
an
d
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
th
eir
b
alan
ce
d
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
m
a
y
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
o
n
th
e
r
ev
e
n
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
C
h
in
ese
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
a
n
d
u
n
iv
er
s
it
ies,
as
r
esear
ch
in
th
is
s
p
ec
if
i
c
ar
ea
r
em
ain
s
lim
ited
w
o
r
ld
wid
e.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
m
ay
v
alid
ate
t
h
e
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
d
icato
r
s
o
f
g
en
er
al
c
o
lleg
es a
n
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
’
s
p
r
im
a
r
y
g
o
al
is
t
o
d
e
v
elo
p
a
s
et
o
f
f
in
a
n
cial
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
in
d
icato
r
s
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
g
o
al
is
to
an
aly
ze
r
ev
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
f
in
an
c
ial
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
is
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
g
o
al.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
ter
tiar
y
g
o
al
is
to
an
aly
z
e
h
o
w
th
e
in
co
m
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
af
f
ec
ts
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
g
e
n
er
al
co
lleg
es a
n
d
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
is
th
e
th
ir
d
g
o
a
l.
W
h
ile
th
er
e
is
ex
ten
s
iv
e
r
es
ea
r
ch
o
n
th
e
r
e
v
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
s
p
ec
if
ic
asp
ec
ts
o
f
teac
h
in
g
o
r
r
esear
ch
o
u
t
p
u
t
in
co
lleg
es
a
n
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
,
th
er
e
is
lack
o
f
ev
id
e
n
ce
o
f
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
i
p
b
etwe
en
r
ev
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
f
in
a
n
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
p
ar
ticu
la
r
ly
co
n
ce
r
n
i
n
g
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
r
e
v
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
n
th
e
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
g
e
n
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
C
u
r
r
en
tly
,
f
in
an
cial
s
u
b
s
i
d
y
r
ev
e
n
u
e,
ca
r
ee
r
r
ev
en
u
e,
an
d
o
th
e
r
r
e
v
en
u
e
co
m
b
in
e
t
o
estab
lis
h
a
d
iv
er
s
if
ied
in
v
estme
n
t
p
atter
n
th
a
t
f
in
an
ce
s
g
e
n
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
in
C
h
in
a
[
7
]
.
Sch
o
lar
s
g
e
n
er
ally
b
eliev
e
th
at
a
co
lleg
e
o
r
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
’
s
r
ev
en
u
e
is
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
f
in
an
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
en
u
e
,
ca
r
ee
r
r
ev
e
n
u
e,
an
d
o
th
er
r
ev
e
n
u
e.
Am
o
n
g
th
es
e
ty
p
es
o
f
r
ev
en
u
e
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
in
an
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
en
u
e
is
th
e
lar
g
est
[
7
]
−
[
9
]
.
I
t
is
b
eliev
ed
th
at
th
e
r
ev
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
is
im
b
alan
ce
d
,
ed
u
ca
tio
n
f
u
n
d
s
ar
e
g
en
er
ally
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t,
a
n
d
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
f
u
n
d
u
tili
za
tio
n
is
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
at
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es a
n
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
[
4
]
,
[
6
]
,
[
8
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
t
h
e
r
e
i
s
a
s
c
a
r
ci
t
y
o
f
s
t
u
d
i
es
t
h
at
c
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
el
y
u
t
i
l
i
ze
t
h
e
th
r
ee
r
o
les
o
f
s
o
cial
s
er
v
ices,
s
cien
tific
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
,
an
d
talen
t
cu
ltiv
atio
n
to
ev
alu
ate
f
in
an
ci
al
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
T
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
s
o
f
t
h
es
e
i
n
s
t
i
t
u
ti
o
n
s
c
a
n
b
e
c
at
e
g
o
r
i
z
e
d
i
n
t
o
t
h
r
ee
p
r
i
m
a
r
y
i
n
d
i
ca
t
o
r
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
s
e
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
s
.
D
e
p
e
n
d
i
n
g
o
n
i
ts
c
o
n
te
n
t
,
e
v
er
y
m
a
j
o
r
i
n
d
i
c
at
i
o
n
c
a
n
b
e
f
u
r
t
h
e
r
b
r
o
k
e
n
d
o
wn
in
to
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
in
d
icato
r
s
[
1
0
]
−
[
1
3
]
.
W
h
e
t
h
e
r
c
o
l
l
e
g
es
a
n
d
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
ti
e
s
c
an
a
c
h
i
e
v
e
s
u
s
ta
i
n
a
b
l
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
h
a
v
e
a
s
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
t
s
o
c
i
e
ta
l
i
m
p
a
c
t
d
ep
e
n
d
s
o
n
t
h
e
i
r
t
al
e
n
t
c
u
l
t
i
v
ati
o
n
,
s
ci
e
n
t
i
f
ic
r
es
e
a
r
c
h
a
n
d
s
o
c
i
a
l
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
4
]
−
[
1
7
]
.
A
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e,
s
cien
tific
,
an
d
o
p
er
a
b
le
s
et
o
f
f
i
n
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
d
i
ca
to
r
s
h
as
n
o
t
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
f
o
r
th
e
m
ajo
r
ity
o
f
th
e
r
esear
ch
o
n
co
lle
g
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
in
ter
m
s
o
f
th
ese
in
d
icato
r
s
[
6
]
,
[
1
8
]
.
W
h
en
ex
am
in
i
n
g
th
e
f
in
an
ci
al
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
c
o
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
em
p
ir
ically
,
i
t
i
s
i
m
p
o
s
s
i
b
l
e
t
o
q
u
a
n
t
i
t
a
t
i
v
el
y
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
e
f
i
n
a
n
cia
l
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
o
r
s
s
i
n
ce
t
h
e
y
c
a
n
n
o
t
b
e
q
u
a
n
t
i
f
i
e
d
[
1
9
]
−
[
2
1
]
.
A
b
e
n
e
f
i
t
s
a
n
a
l
y
s
is
is
l
ac
k
i
n
g
f
o
r
s
e
v
e
r
al
f
i
n
a
n
c
i
a
l
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
s
o
f
c
o
l
l
e
g
es
a
n
d
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
ti
e
s
[
2
2
]
−
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
-
to
-
s
t
a
f
f
r
a
t
i
o
,
p
r
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
n
o
f
f
u
l
l
-
t
i
m
e
t
e
a
c
h
e
r
s
t
o
s
t
a
f
f
,
f
u
n
d
s
p
e
r
s
t
a
f
f
,
t
h
e
a
n
n
u
a
l
g
r
o
w
t
h
r
a
t
e
o
f
t
e
a
c
h
i
n
g
a
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
,
t
h
e
e
m
p
l
o
y
m
e
n
t
r
a
t
e
o
f
s
t
u
d
e
n
ts
,
t
h
e
r
a
ti
o
o
f
k
e
y
d
i
s
c
i
p
l
i
n
es
a
n
d
i
n
p
u
t
o
f
f
u
n
d
s
p
e
r
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
a
r
e
g
e
n
e
r
a
l
l
y
a
c
c
e
p
te
d
a
s
te
a
c
h
i
n
g
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
o
r
s
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
7
]
,
[
1
9
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
s
cien
tific
r
esear
ch
r
ev
e
n
u
e
p
er
f
u
ll
-
tim
e
teac
h
er
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
p
r
o
ject
r
ev
e
n
u
e
to
to
tal
r
ev
en
u
e,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
h
u
m
an
ities
an
d
s
o
cial
s
cien
ce
p
r
o
jects,
th
e
an
n
u
al
g
r
o
wth
r
ate
o
f
to
tal
r
esear
ch
f
u
n
d
in
g
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
n
atio
n
al
k
ey
p
r
o
jects,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
n
atu
r
al
s
cien
ce
p
r
o
jects,
th
e
ch
an
g
e
r
ate
o
f
s
cien
tific
r
esear
ch
r
ev
en
u
e
p
er
f
u
ll
-
tim
e
teac
h
er
,
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
s
cien
tific
r
ese
ar
ch
r
ev
e
n
u
e
to
to
tal
r
ev
e
n
u
e
ar
e
s
o
m
e
ex
am
p
les
o
f
r
es
ea
r
ch
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
in
d
icato
r
s
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
7
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
em
p
lo
y
m
en
t
r
ate
o
f
g
r
ad
u
ates,
s
o
cial
r
ep
u
tatio
n
,
an
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
g
r
a
d
u
ates
ar
e
am
o
n
g
s
o
cial
s
er
v
ice
in
d
icato
r
s
[
1
0
]
,
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
u
s
es
lin
ea
r
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
m
o
d
els
an
d
p
an
el
d
ata
an
a
ly
s
is
f
r
o
m
2
0
1
0
to
2
0
2
1
to
e
x
am
in
e
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
r
ev
e
n
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
n
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
in
C
h
in
ese
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
I
n
s
y
s
tem
th
eo
r
y
,
a
s
y
s
tem
’
s
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
its
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
wh
ich
s
er
v
es
as
t
h
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
o
f
its
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
An
y
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
ch
an
g
es
in
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
’
s
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
ca
n
lead
to
th
e
em
er
g
en
ce
o
f
n
ew
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
th
r
ee
m
ajo
r
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ilit
ies
o
f
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
-
talen
t
cu
ltiv
at
io
n
,
s
cien
tific
r
esear
ch
,
an
d
s
o
cial
s
er
v
ices
-
also
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
ei
r
f
i
n
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
T
h
e
r
e
v
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
in
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
s
er
v
es
as
th
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
f
o
r
t
h
ese
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
an
d
d
ir
ec
tly
in
f
lu
en
ce
s
th
eir
e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
th
e
r
ev
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t
J
E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il
20
25
:
1
1
1
4
-
1
1
2
3
1116
im
p
ac
ts
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
as
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
y
s
cien
tific
r
esear
ch
,
talen
t
cu
ltiv
atio
n
,
an
d
s
o
cial
s
er
v
ices.
Fig
u
r
e
1
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
c
o
n
ce
p
t
u
al
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
illu
s
tr
atin
g
th
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
b
etwe
en
t
h
e
r
e
v
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
Ma
n
y
f
ac
to
r
s
in
f
lu
en
ce
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
ed
u
ca
tio
n
f
in
a
n
cin
g
o
f
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
in
clu
d
in
g
f
in
an
cial
in
v
estme
n
t
in
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
7
]
,
[
2
8
]
.
Fo
r
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
,
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
f
in
an
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
e
n
u
e
is
r
eliab
le
an
d
s
tab
le,
an
d
th
e
g
r
e
ater
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
is
,
th
e
g
r
ea
ter
th
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
at
it
r
ec
eiv
es
f
r
o
m
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t,
an
d
th
e
g
r
ea
ter
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
co
m
p
letin
g
v
ar
i
o
u
s
f
u
n
c
tio
n
al
ac
tiv
ities
in
th
ese
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
[
7
]
,
[
1
6
]
,
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
5
]
,
[
2
9
]
,
[
3
0
]
.
W
h
en
o
th
er
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
r
em
ai
n
u
n
ch
a
n
g
ed
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
in
an
c
ial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
en
u
e
h
as
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t
o
n
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
g
e
n
e
r
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
I
n
cr
ea
s
in
g
f
in
an
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
e
v
en
u
e
ca
n
im
p
r
o
v
e
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
at
g
e
n
e
r
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
s
h
y
p
o
th
esis
H1
as:
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
in
an
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
en
u
e
h
as a
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t o
n
f
in
an
cial
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
A
n
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
ca
r
ee
r
r
ev
e
n
u
e
is
co
n
d
u
ci
v
e
to
th
e
r
ea
s
o
n
a
b
le
s
h
ar
in
g
o
f
h
ig
h
e
r
ed
u
ca
tio
n
co
s
ts
,
b
u
t
if
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
ti
o
n
o
f
c
a
r
e
e
r
r
ev
en
u
e
i
s
to
o
lar
g
e,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
in
an
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
en
u
e
will
n
o
t
b
e
h
i
g
h
[
1
6
]
,
[
2
1
]
,
[
3
0
]
,
[
3
1
]
.
W
h
e
n
o
t
h
e
r
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
t
h
a
t
a
f
f
e
c
t
f
i
n
a
n
c
i
al
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
r
e
m
a
i
n
u
n
c
h
a
n
g
e
d
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
n
o
f
c
a
r
e
e
r
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
n
e
g
a
t
i
v
el
y
i
m
p
a
c
t
s
f
i
n
a
n
c
i
al
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
,
a
n
d
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g
c
a
r
e
e
r
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
r
e
d
u
c
e
s
f
i
n
a
n
c
i
al
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
in
g
e
n
e
r
a
l
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
h
y
p
o
th
esis
H2
: T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
ca
r
ee
r
r
ev
en
u
e
h
as a
n
eg
ativ
e
im
p
ac
t
o
n
f
in
a
n
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
T
h
e
g
r
ea
ter
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
o
th
er
r
e
v
en
u
e
i
n
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
is
,
th
e
s
tr
o
n
g
er
t
h
eir
s
o
cial
f
u
n
d
r
aisi
n
g
a
b
ilit
y
an
d
s
o
cial
in
f
lu
en
ce
,
an
d
th
e
b
etter
th
ei
r
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
[
7
]
,
[
1
6
]
,
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
9
]
,
[
3
2
]
,
[
3
3
]
.
W
h
ile
o
th
er
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
e
ctin
g
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
r
e
m
ain
u
n
c
h
an
g
e
d
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
o
th
e
r
r
e
v
en
u
e
p
o
s
itiv
ely
im
p
ac
ts
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
o
t
h
er
r
ev
en
u
e
ca
n
im
p
r
o
v
e
f
in
a
n
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
g
en
er
al
c
o
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
h
y
p
o
th
esis
H3
:
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
o
th
er
r
e
v
en
u
e
h
as
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t
o
n
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
s
y
s
tem
th
eo
r
y
,
r
ev
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
h
as
a
n
im
p
ac
t
o
n
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
t
h
er
ef
o
r
e
th
ese
h
y
p
o
t
h
eses
wer
e
f
o
r
m
u
lated
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
is
s
u
e
s
o
f
in
ef
f
icien
t
f
u
n
d
u
tili
za
tio
n
an
d
s
u
b
o
p
tim
al
f
in
a
n
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
C
h
in
ese
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es a
n
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
o
n
ce
p
tu
al
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
M
ea
s
urem
ent
T
h
is
p
ap
er
u
s
es
s
ev
en
in
d
i
ca
to
r
s
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
g
e
n
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
6
]
,
[
1
7
]
.
T
ab
le
1
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
p
ar
ticu
la
r
in
d
icato
r
s
.
T
h
e
r
ev
e
n
u
e
o
f
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
in
clu
d
es
f
in
an
cia
l
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
e
n
u
e,
ca
r
ee
r
r
e
v
en
u
e,
an
d
o
th
e
r
r
e
v
en
u
e.
T
h
e
f
in
an
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
en
u
e
m
ain
l
y
in
clu
d
es
ed
u
ca
tio
n
f
u
n
d
in
g
allo
ca
tio
n
,
r
esear
ch
f
u
n
d
in
g
allo
ca
tio
n
,
an
d
o
th
er
f
u
n
d
in
g
allo
ca
tio
n
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
t o
f
th
e
r
ev
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
T
ab
le
2
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Fin
an
cial
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
in
d
icato
r
s
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
M
e
a
su
r
e
me
n
t
I
n
d
i
c
a
t
o
r
s
S
y
mb
o
l
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
o
r
s
D
e
f
i
n
i
t
i
o
n
F
i
n
a
n
c
i
a
l
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
T
a
l
e
n
t
c
u
l
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
S
t
u
d
e
n
t
t
o
s
t
a
f
f
r
a
t
i
o
Y
1
1
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
st
u
d
e
n
t
s
/
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
s
t
a
f
f
F
u
n
d
s
p
e
r
st
a
f
f
Y
12
T
o
t
a
l
f
u
n
d
s
/
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
s
t
a
f
f
P
r
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
n
o
f
f
u
l
l
-
t
i
m
e
t
e
a
c
h
e
r
s
to
st
a
f
f
Y
13
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
f
u
l
l
-
t
i
me
t
e
a
c
h
e
r
s/
n
u
mb
e
r
o
f
st
a
f
f
I
n
p
u
t
o
f
f
u
n
d
s
p
e
r
st
u
d
e
n
t
Y
14
I
n
p
u
t
o
f
f
u
n
d
s
/
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
s
S
c
i
e
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fin
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(
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1117
T
ab
le
2
.
T
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t o
f
th
e
r
ev
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
M
e
a
su
r
e
me
n
t
S
y
mb
o
l
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
o
r
s
D
e
f
i
n
i
t
i
o
n
R
e
v
e
n
u
e
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
P
r
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
n
o
f
f
i
n
a
n
c
i
a
l
s
u
b
s
i
d
y
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
X1
F
i
n
a
n
c
i
a
l
s
u
b
si
d
y
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
/
t
o
t
a
l
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
P
r
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
n
o
f
c
a
r
e
e
r
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
X2
C
a
r
e
e
r
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
/
t
o
t
a
l
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
P
r
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
n
o
f
o
t
h
e
r
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
X3
O
t
h
e
r
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
/
t
o
t
a
l
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
2
.
2
.
Sa
m
ple a
nd
po
pu
la
t
io
n
T
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
c
o
n
s
is
ts
o
f
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
in
C
h
in
a.
C
h
in
ese
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
,
ab
b
r
ev
iated
as
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
,
ar
e
d
i
v
id
ed
in
to
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
a
n
d
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
an
d
ad
u
lt
h
ig
h
er
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
.
Am
o
n
g
th
ese
ca
te
g
o
r
ies,
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
a
n
d
u
n
iv
er
s
i
ties
in
clu
d
e
h
ig
h
er
u
n
d
er
g
r
ad
u
ate
s
ch
o
o
ls
an
d
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
co
lleg
es.
B
ased
o
n
th
eir
af
f
iliatio
n
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
,
th
ey
ar
e
f
u
r
th
er
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
ce
n
tr
al
af
f
iliated
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
an
d
lo
ca
l
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
L
o
ca
l
g
en
e
r
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
r
ef
er
to
g
e
n
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
m
an
ag
e
d
b
y
lo
ca
l
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
ts
.
I
n
2
0
2
0
,
th
er
e
wer
e
2
,
7
3
8
lo
ca
l
g
en
er
al
c
o
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
,
ac
co
u
n
ti
n
g
f
o
r
9
1
.
5
1
%
o
f
th
e
2
,
9
9
2
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
in
C
h
in
a
[
2
]
.
C
h
in
ese
co
l
leg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
ar
e
m
ain
ly
lo
ca
l
g
e
n
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
we
s
elec
ted
lo
ca
l
g
en
e
r
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
f
r
o
m
3
1
p
r
o
v
in
c
es
in
C
h
in
a
as r
esear
ch
s
am
p
les.
2
.
3
.
Da
t
a
c
o
llect
io
n
T
h
e
r
ev
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
d
ata
o
f
lo
ca
l
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
ar
e
s
o
u
r
ce
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
E
x
p
en
d
itu
r
e
Statis
tics
Yea
r
b
o
o
k
an
d
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
Statis
tical
Yea
r
b
o
o
k
f
r
o
m
2
0
1
0
to
2
0
2
1
.
Statis
tical
p
ac
k
ag
e
f
o
r
th
e
s
o
cial
s
cien
ce
s
(
SP
SS
)
s
o
f
twar
e
was
u
tili
ze
d
to
co
n
d
u
ct
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
an
aly
s
is
to
ex
am
in
e
th
e
im
p
a
ct
o
f
th
e
r
ev
e
n
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
n
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
C
h
i
n
ese
lo
ca
l
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es a
n
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
Y
is
th
e
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t
v
a
r
iab
le
t
h
at
r
ep
r
esen
ts
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
s
ep
ar
ately
b
y
talen
t
cu
ltiv
atio
n
,
s
cien
tific
r
esear
ch
,
an
d
s
o
cial
s
er
v
ices.
X
is
a
n
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
le
th
at
r
ep
r
e
s
en
ts
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
in
an
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
e
v
en
u
e
,
ca
r
ee
r
r
ev
en
u
e
,
an
d
o
th
er
r
e
v
en
u
e,
as
in
(
1
)
.
On
th
e
b
asis
o
f
th
is
th
e
r
esear
ch
h
y
p
o
t
h
e
s
i
s
,
a
l
i
n
e
a
r
r
e
g
r
es
s
i
o
n
m
o
d
e
l
i
s
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
e
d
t
o
i
n
v
e
s
tig
a
t
e
t
h
e
r
e
l
at
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
b
et
w
e
e
n
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
s
Y
a
n
d
X
.
=
+
(
1
)
W
h
er
e
,
β
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
c
o
ef
f
icien
t
o
f
th
e
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
i
ab
le.
I
f
β
is
g
r
ea
ter
t
h
an
0
,
t
h
e
r
ev
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
h
as
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t
o
n
f
in
a
n
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
g
e
n
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
.
I
n
cr
ea
s
in
g
r
ev
en
u
e
ca
n
en
h
an
ce
f
i
n
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
at
g
en
er
al
co
lle
g
es a
n
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
α
i
s
a
co
n
s
tan
t in
th
e
m
o
d
el.
2
.
4
.
Da
t
a
a
na
ly
s
is
Data
an
aly
s
is
in
clu
d
ed
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
d
escr
ip
tiv
e
s
tatis
tics
,
u
n
it
r
o
o
t
test
in
g
an
d
co
r
r
elatio
n
an
aly
s
is
[
3
4
]
,
[
3
5
]
.
T
h
e
co
r
r
e
latio
n
b
etwe
en
r
e
v
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
is
an
aly
ze
d
u
s
in
g
co
r
r
elatio
n
a
n
aly
s
is
.
Pan
el
d
at
a
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
an
al
y
s
is
was
co
n
d
u
cted
to
ex
am
in
e
th
e
im
p
ac
ts
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
in
a
n
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
e
n
u
e,
c
ar
ee
r
r
ev
e
n
u
e
an
d
o
th
e
r
r
ev
e
n
u
e
o
n
f
in
an
cial
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Descript
iv
e
s
t
a
t
is
t
ics
SP
SS
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
d
ata
an
aly
s
is
.
T
ab
le
3
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
d
escr
ip
tiv
e
s
tatis
tic
s
.
Ov
er
all,
Fig
u
r
e
2
in
d
icate
s
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
in
a
n
ci
al
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
en
u
e
s
h
o
ws
an
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
tr
en
d
a
n
d
th
en
a
s
t
ab
le
tr
en
d
y
ea
r
b
y
y
ea
r
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
ca
r
ee
r
r
ev
en
u
e
e
x
h
ib
its
a
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
tr
en
d
a
n
d
th
e
n
a
s
tab
le
tr
en
d
an
n
u
ally
,
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
o
th
e
r
r
ev
e
n
u
e
s
h
o
ws
an
o
v
e
r
all
d
ec
lin
e.
Fig
u
r
es
3
-
5
an
d
Fig
u
r
es
6
-
8
in
d
ic
ate
th
at
s
tu
d
en
t
-
to
-
s
taf
f
r
atio
,
f
u
n
d
s
p
er
s
taf
f
,
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
u
ll
-
tim
e
teac
h
er
s
to
s
taf
f
,
s
cien
tific
r
esear
ch
r
ev
en
u
e
p
e
r
f
u
ll
-
tim
e
teac
h
er
,
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
s
cien
tif
ic
r
esear
ch
r
ev
e
n
u
e
to
to
tal
r
e
v
en
u
e,
a
n
d
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
g
r
a
d
u
a
tes
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
an
u
p
war
d
tr
e
n
d
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
s
h
o
ws
th
at
in
p
u
t
o
f
f
u
n
d
s
p
er
s
tu
d
e
n
t
f
ir
s
t
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
an
d
th
e
n
in
cr
ea
s
es
y
ea
r
b
y
y
ea
r
.
I
n
o
th
e
r
wo
r
d
s
,
th
e
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
lo
ca
l
g
en
e
r
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
s
h
o
ws
an
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
tr
e
n
d
f
r
o
m
2
0
1
0
to
2
0
2
1
.
T
h
is
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
th
e
ac
h
iev
em
en
t
o
f
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
r
esear
ch
o
b
jectiv
e
o
f
an
aly
zin
g
th
e
r
ev
e
n
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
f
in
an
cial
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
g
en
er
al
c
o
lleg
es a
n
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
3
.
2
.
Unit
ro
o
t
t
est
T
h
e
tim
e
s
p
an
o
f
th
e
s
am
p
le
in
th
is
p
ap
er
is
1
2
y
ea
r
s
.
B
ef
o
r
e
estab
lis
h
in
g
th
e
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
an
aly
s
is
o
f
p
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[
3
6
]
.
T
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s
p
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test
r
esu
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s
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le
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,
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at
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1118
s
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Dick
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[
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3
.
Descr
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tiv
e
s
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tics
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
M
a
x
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m
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16
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P
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2
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I
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1119
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d
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T
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4
.
Un
it
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s
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f
v
a
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a
b
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1
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n
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n
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f
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n
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v
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f
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%,
5
%
a
n
d
1
0
%,
r
e
s
p
e
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
3
.
3
.
Co
rr
el
a
t
io
n
a
na
ly
s
is
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
in
d
icate
d
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
in
a
n
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
en
u
e
was
co
r
r
elate
d
with
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
e
x
ce
p
t
f
o
r
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
u
ll
-
tim
e
teac
h
er
s
to
s
taf
f
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
s
cien
tific
r
esear
ch
r
ev
e
n
u
e
to
to
tal
r
ev
en
u
e
as
s
h
o
wn
i
n
T
ab
le
5
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
ca
r
ee
r
r
e
v
en
u
e
was
co
r
r
ela
ted
with
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
ex
ce
p
t
f
o
r
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
s
cien
tific
r
esear
ch
r
ev
en
u
e
to
to
tal
r
e
v
en
u
e
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
o
th
e
r
r
ev
en
u
e
was n
o
t c
o
r
r
elate
d
with
f
in
an
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p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
e
x
ce
p
t f
o
r
f
u
n
d
s
p
er
s
taf
f
.
T
ab
le
5
.
C
o
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
icien
t o
f
Pear
s
o
n
co
r
r
elatio
n
a
n
aly
s
is
V
a
r
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a
b
l
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1
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(
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0
4
6
(
0
.
3
9
4
)
N
o
t
e
:
*
*
*
,
*
*
,
a
n
d
*
r
e
p
r
e
se
n
t
si
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
c
e
l
e
v
e
l
s
o
f
1
%,
5
%
a
n
d
1
0
%,
r
e
s
p
e
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
3
.
4
.
Reg
re
s
s
io
n
a
na
ly
s
is
o
f
p
a
nel da
t
a
T
h
is
p
ap
er
s
tu
d
ies
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
r
ev
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
n
f
in
a
n
c
ial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
g
en
er
al
co
l
leg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
On
th
e
b
asis
o
f
t
h
e
r
esear
ch
o
b
jectiv
es
an
d
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
h
y
p
o
t
h
esis
,
p
an
el
d
ata
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
an
aly
s
is
was
u
s
ed
to
b
u
ild
r
an
d
o
m
ef
f
ec
t
o
r
f
ix
ed
ef
f
ec
t
m
o
d
els
to
co
n
d
u
ct
an
in
-
d
ep
th
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
r
ev
e
n
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
Pan
e
l
d
ata
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
a
n
aly
s
is
is
m
ain
ly
d
iv
id
e
d
in
to
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
in
an
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
en
u
e
o
n
f
in
a
n
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
ca
r
ee
r
r
ev
e
n
u
e
o
n
f
in
a
n
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
an
d
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
o
th
e
r
r
ev
e
n
u
e
o
n
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
3
.
4
.
1
.
T
he
imp
a
ct
o
f
t
he
pr
o
po
rt
io
n o
f
f
ina
ncia
l
s
ub
s
idy
r
ev
enue
o
n f
ina
ncia
l per
f
o
rma
nce
T
ab
le
6
p
r
ed
icts
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
i
n
an
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
e
v
e
n
u
e
h
as
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
n
e
g
ativ
e
im
p
ac
t
o
n
s
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ican
t
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p
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ativ
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ativ
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ly
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tain
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T
h
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e,
H3
is
m
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tly
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c
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.
3
.
5
.
Dis
cus
s
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T
h
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p
r
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p
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r
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f
f
in
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s
u
b
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id
y
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ev
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as
a
p
o
s
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im
p
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t
o
n
f
in
an
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f
o
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m
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ce
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im
p
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tio
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ar
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is
m
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ltip
lied
b
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tu
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p
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b
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y
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o
f
lo
ca
l
g
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lleg
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d
u
n
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.
T
h
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in
d
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s
th
at
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u
m
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m
p
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T
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with
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esear
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f
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d
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.
Stu
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h
av
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s
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th
at
th
e
h
ig
h
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th
e
p
r
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p
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a
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o
f
f
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ed
b
y
co
lleg
es a
n
d
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
[
1
6
]
,
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
5
]
,
[
3
7
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
E
v
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&
R
es E
d
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c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
Th
e
imp
a
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o
f reve
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tr
u
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fin
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p
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ma
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f g
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lleg
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a
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d
…
(
Ho
u
Yu
ya
n
)
1121
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
ca
r
ee
r
r
ev
e
n
u
e
h
as
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
n
eg
ativ
e
im
p
ac
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o
n
f
in
a
n
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f
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m
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e
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eg
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lar
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e
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s
ed
to
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m
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ca
r
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r
r
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.
Mo
s
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in
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at
th
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p
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wh
ich
in
ev
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af
f
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f
in
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o
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m
a
n
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o
f
co
lle
g
es a
n
d
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
[
1
6
]
,
[
2
1
]
,
[
3
8
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
o
t
h
er
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e
v
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n
u
e
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ig
n
if
ican
tly
im
p
ac
ts
s
o
m
e
f
in
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m
an
ce
asp
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ts
.
T
h
is
co
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ld
b
e
d
u
e
t
o
th
e
n
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r
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v
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is
n
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with
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b
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ities
[
1
6
]
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[
2
1
]
,
[
3
9
]
,
[
4
0
]
.
T
h
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p
ap
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r
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itiv
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,
wh
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r
ee
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r
ev
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e
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a
n
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ativ
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im
p
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t
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f
in
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ce
.
Ad
d
itio
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ally
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ativ
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in
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n
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.
T
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ac
tical
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ec
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C
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d
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.
T
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e
f
in
d
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s
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w
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at
th
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p
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m
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ce
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s
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is
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-
m
ak
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s
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g
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co
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in
C
h
in
a
s
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d
p
r
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r
itize
in
cr
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s
in
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f
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o
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in
s
titu
tio
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ca
n
im
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talen
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ltiv
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d
s
cien
tific
r
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u
tp
u
t,
r
aise
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b
ar
o
f
f
in
a
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an
a
g
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d
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p
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al
q
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ality
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tr
en
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en
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etitiv
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er
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ciety
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th
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lo
n
g
ter
m
.
T
ab
le
8
.
R
eg
r
ess
io
n
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
o
th
e
r
r
ev
e
n
u
e
an
d
f
in
an
cial
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
D
e
p
e
n
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e
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t
v
a
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a
b
l
e
M
o
d
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l
C
o
e
f
f
i
c
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e
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t
F
P
C
o
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st
a
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t
2
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o
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a
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N
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4.
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O
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T
h
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th
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n
d
ic
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a
s
ig
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if
ican
t
im
p
ac
t
o
f
r
ev
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
n
f
in
a
n
cial
p
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r
f
o
r
m
a
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ce
o
f
g
e
n
er
al
co
lleg
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an
d
u
n
iv
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ities
in
C
h
in
a.
T
h
is
h
elp
s
th
e
s
e
in
s
titu
tio
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s
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
h
o
w
to
allo
ca
te
lim
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eso
u
r
ce
s
to
o
p
tim
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f
u
n
d
u
ti
lizatio
n
an
d
f
in
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o
r
m
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ce
.
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d
itio
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ally
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th
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f
in
d
in
g
s
b
r
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ad
en
th
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f
ield
o
f
f
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a
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ce
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ese
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ch
b
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eth
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p
tim
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i
n
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er
f
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r
m
an
ce
i
n
h
ig
h
er
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
.
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f
in
an
c
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p
er
f
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r
m
a
n
ce
is
ass
ess
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th
r
o
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:
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t
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tiv
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,
s
cien
tific
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esear
ch
,
an
d
s
o
cial
s
er
v
ices.
I
n
d
icato
r
s
f
o
r
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
talen
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cu
ltiv
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in
clu
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s
tu
d
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t
to
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r
atio
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u
n
d
s
p
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f
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ll
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tim
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to
s
taf
f
,
an
d
in
p
u
t
o
f
f
u
n
d
s
p
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r
s
tu
d
e
n
t.
I
n
d
ic
ato
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s
f
o
r
s
cien
tific
r
esear
ch
co
n
s
is
t
o
f
s
cien
tific
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esear
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r
ev
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u
e
p
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f
u
ll
-
ti
m
e
teac
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d
p
r
o
p
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tio
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o
f
s
cien
tific
r
esear
ch
r
ev
en
u
e
to
to
tal
r
e
v
en
u
e.
I
n
d
icato
r
s
f
o
r
s
o
cial
s
er
v
ices
in
cl
u
d
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
g
r
ad
u
ates.
Seco
n
d
,
t
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
is
r
ev
ea
led
th
at
t
h
e
r
ev
e
n
u
e
p
r
im
ar
ily
r
elies
o
n
f
in
an
cial
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iatio
n
s
,
with
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
in
a
n
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
en
u
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
an
n
u
ally
an
d
ev
en
tu
ally
s
tab
ilizin
g
at
g
en
er
al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
in
C
h
in
a.
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
f
in
a
n
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
ese
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
h
as
s
h
o
wn
a
co
n
s
is
ten
t
u
p
war
d
tr
en
d
.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
s
tu
d
y
r
esu
lts
in
d
icate
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
f
in
an
cial
s
u
b
s
id
y
r
ev
en
u
e
h
as
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t
o
n
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
wh
ile
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
ca
r
ee
r
r
ev
en
u
e
h
as
a
n
eg
ativ
e
im
p
ac
t
o
n
f
i
n
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
o
th
er
r
ev
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n
u
e
also
n
eg
ativ
el
y
im
p
ac
ts
f
in
an
cial
p
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f
o
r
m
a
n
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Sin
ce
r
e
v
en
u
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
h
as
an
im
p
ac
t
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n
f
in
an
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
at
g
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al
co
lleg
es
an
d
u
n
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s
ities
in
C
h
in
a,
it
is
im
p
o
r
ta
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t
f
o
r
t
h
ese
in
s
titu
tio
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s
to
s
tr
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f
o
r
m
o
r
e
f
in
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s
u
b
s
id
y
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ev
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e
to
en
h
an
ce
th
eir
f
u
n
d
u
ti
lizatio
n
ef
f
icien
cy
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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1122
an
d
f
i
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an
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p
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f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
er
e
is
p
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ten
tial
f
o
r
f
u
tu
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r
esear
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to
f
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th
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f
i
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Fu
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d
th
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q
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ality
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f
m
an
ag
em
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t
p
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o
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el.
RE
F
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NC
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[
1
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D
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D
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3
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L.
Y
i
b
e
i
,
“
R
e
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a
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t
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me
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T
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Pr
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[
4
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S
.
N
a
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,
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G
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O
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B
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H
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se
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2
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.
[
7
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Y
.
L.
H
u
a
n
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,
“
A
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F
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Ac
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[
8
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X
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A
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stra
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ris,
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n
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lay
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ts,
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ls
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iah
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f
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r
with
t
h
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n
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c
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lan
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h
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r
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rly
c
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re
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r,
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z
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ti
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k
e
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a
s
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d
it
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r
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g
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r
c
u
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n
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tere
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d
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c
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ti
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n
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p
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c
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to
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c
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p
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p
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h
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c
a
n
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c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
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m
a
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:
h
a
z
ian
ti
@fp
e
.
u
p
si.ed
u
.
m
y
.
Mo
h
d
Fa
iza
l
Ba
sr
i
is an
As
so
c
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ro
fe
ss
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r
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p
a
rtme
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t
o
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c
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d
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in
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n
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e
,
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a
c
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lt
y
o
f
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a
n
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g
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
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n
o
m
ics
,
Un
iv
e
rsiti
P
e
n
d
id
i
k
a
n
S
u
lt
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n
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ris
(UP
S
I),
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a
lay
sia
.
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se
rv
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d
a
s
a
Visit
in
g
As
so
c
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ss
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f
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li
ti
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s
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n
tern
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ti
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n
a
l
S
tu
d
ies
,
a
t
th
e
Un
i
v
e
rsity
o
f
Warwic
k
,
UK
.
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h
a
s
a
P
h
.
D
.
i
n
Isla
m
ic
F
i
n
a
n
c
e
fro
m
Du
r
h
a
m
Un
i
v
e
rsity
,
UK
.
Dr
M
o
h
d
F
a
iza
l
wo
rk
e
d
fo
r
Am
Ba
n
k
(M
)
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rh
a
d
fo
r
se
v
e
ra
l
y
e
a
rs
in
h
is
e
a
rly
c
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re
e
r.
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wa
s
a
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
UiTM
b
e
fo
re
jo
in
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n
g
UP
S
I.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
m
fa
iza
l.
b
a
sri@fp
e
.
u
p
si.ed
u
.
m
y
.
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