I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Appl
ied P
o
wer
E
ng
i
neer
ing
(
I
J
AP
E
)
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
25
,
p
p
.
300
~
3
0
7
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijap
e
.
v
14
.
i
2
.
pp
300
-
307
300
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//
ija
p
e.
ia
esco
r
e.
co
m/
Fault diag
no
sis
of
electric mo
tors
u
sing
vibra
tion sig
na
l ana
ly
sis
M
a
nd
ee
p
Sin
g
h
1
,
T
ej
i
nd
er
S
ing
h Sa
g
g
u
2
,
Arv
ind
Dhin
g
r
a
3
1
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
a
n
d
I
n
st
r
u
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
Th
a
p
a
r
I
n
st
i
t
u
t
e
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
a
n
d
Te
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
P
a
t
i
a
l
a
,
I
n
d
i
a
2
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
P
u
n
j
a
b
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
C
o
l
l
e
g
e
,
C
h
a
n
d
i
g
a
r
h
,
I
n
d
i
a
3
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
G
u
r
u
N
a
n
a
k
D
e
v
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
C
o
l
l
e
g
e
,
L
u
d
h
i
a
n
a
,
I
n
d
i
a
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
J
an
6
,
2
0
2
3
R
ev
is
ed
J
u
l 2
1
,
2
0
2
4
Acc
ep
ted
No
v
2
8
,
2
0
2
4
In
in
d
u
strial
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
e
sp
e
c
ially
i
n
m
a
n
u
fa
c
tu
ri
n
g
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
s,
e
lec
tri
c
m
o
to
rs
a
re
e
m
p
lo
y
e
d
p
ra
c
ti
c
a
ll
y
e
v
e
ry
wh
e
re
.
Th
e
y
a
re
n
e
c
e
ss
a
ry
fo
r
m
a
n
y
d
iffere
n
t
se
c
to
rs,
wh
ic
h
c
a
n
so
m
e
ti
m
e
s
m
a
k
e
it
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
i
n
g
t
o
p
re
v
e
n
t
m
a
lfu
n
c
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
k
e
e
p
t
h
e
m
o
p
e
ra
ti
n
g
a
t
th
e
ir
b
e
st.
Nu
m
e
ro
u
s
d
e
fe
c
ts
c
a
n
a
ffe
c
t
h
o
w
we
ll
t
h
e
y
w
o
rk
,
b
u
t
b
e
a
rin
g
-
re
late
d
e
rro
rs
a
re
t
h
e
m
o
st
fre
q
u
e
n
t
re
a
so
n
s
fo
r
m
o
to
r
fa
il
u
re
s.
T
h
is
re
se
a
rc
h
u
se
s
tem
p
o
ra
l
a
n
d
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
d
o
m
a
in
a
n
a
ly
sis
o
f
v
i
b
ra
ti
o
n
sig
n
a
ls
to
id
e
n
ti
f
y
m
o
to
r
fa
u
lt
s.
A
p
u
b
li
c
d
o
m
a
in
d
a
tab
a
se
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
u
se
d
f
o
r
th
e
in
v
e
stig
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
a
n
a
ly
sis
.
T
h
e
fi
n
d
in
g
s
sh
o
w
th
a
t
e
lec
tri
c
m
o
to
r
p
r
o
b
lem
s,
i
n
c
lu
d
i
n
g
in
n
e
r
ra
c
e
wa
y
,
o
u
ter
ra
c
e
wa
y
,
a
n
d
ro
ll
in
g
e
lem
e
n
t
fa
u
lt
,
c
a
n
b
e
id
e
n
ti
fied
a
n
d
d
ia
g
n
o
se
d
u
si
n
g
t
h
e
ti
m
e
a
n
d
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
d
o
m
a
in
fe
a
tu
re
s
e
x
t
ra
c
ted
fro
m
t
h
e
v
ib
ra
ti
o
n
sig
n
a
ls.
T
h
e
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
n
e
ss
o
f
th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
is
sh
o
w
n
b
y
c
o
m
p
a
rin
g
it
with
b
o
t
h
th
e
ti
m
e
d
o
m
a
in
a
n
d
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
d
o
m
a
in
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s.
Th
e
a
c
c
u
ra
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
t
ime
d
o
m
a
in
a
n
d
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
d
o
m
a
in
te
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
is
8
5
.
4
%
a
n
d
9
1
.
6
%
re
s
p
e
c
ti
v
e
ly
.
Ho
we
v
e
r,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
se
d
h
y
b
ri
d
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
h
a
s
a
fa
r
b
e
tt
e
r
a
c
c
u
ra
c
y
o
f
9
5
.
8
%
a
s
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
to
th
e
tw
o
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
B
ea
r
in
g
f
au
lts
E
lectr
ic
m
o
to
r
s
Fre
q
u
en
cy
d
o
m
ain
an
aly
s
is
T
im
e
d
o
m
ain
a
n
aly
s
is
Vib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
als
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
T
ejin
d
er
Sin
g
h
Sag
g
u
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
,
Pu
n
jab
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
C
o
lleg
e
Vid
y
a
Path
,
Secto
r
1
2
,
C
h
an
d
i
g
ar
h
,
I
n
d
ia
E
m
ail:
s
ag
g
u
tejin
d
er
@
g
m
ail.
c
o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Vib
r
atio
n
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
an
aly
s
is
is
a
m
eth
o
d
th
at
h
elp
s
in
th
e
d
et
ec
tio
n
an
d
d
iag
n
o
s
is
o
f
f
au
lts
in
elec
tr
ic
m
o
to
r
s
.
T
h
e
b
ea
r
in
g
-
r
elate
d
f
a
u
lts
ar
e
am
o
n
g
th
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
f
au
lts
f
o
u
n
d
in
elec
tr
ic
m
o
to
r
s
.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
tim
e
d
o
m
ain
s
tatis
tical
f
ea
tu
r
es
s
u
ch
as
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
iatio
n
,
r
o
o
t
m
ea
n
s
q
u
ar
e
v
alu
e
,
k
u
r
to
s
is
,
clea
r
an
ce
f
ac
to
r
,
s
h
ap
e
f
ac
to
r
,
im
p
u
ls
e
f
ac
to
r
,
p
ea
k
v
alu
e
,
an
d
cr
est
f
ac
to
r
we
r
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
to
d
etec
t
an
y
b
ea
r
in
g
f
a
u
lt.
W
h
er
ea
s
,
in
th
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
d
o
m
ain
,
ce
p
s
tr
u
m
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
v
ib
r
at
io
n
s
ig
n
al
was
d
o
n
e
to
d
etec
t
an
d
d
iag
n
o
s
e
th
e
ex
is
ten
ce
o
f
an
y
b
ea
r
in
g
f
a
u
lt.
I
o
r
g
u
lescu
et
a
l.
[
1
]
u
s
ed
th
e
f
ast
Fo
u
r
ier
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
(
FF
T
)
o
f
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
als
to
d
etec
t
m
o
to
r
f
au
lts
.
T
h
ey
p
r
esen
ted
a
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
am
p
litu
d
es
o
f
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
s
u
n
d
er
d
if
f
er
en
t
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
ey
d
id
n
o
t
s
p
ec
if
y
th
e
ty
p
e
o
f
f
a
u
lt
p
r
esen
t.
C
h
au
d
h
a
r
i
et
a
l.
[
2
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
t
h
at
wav
elet
an
aly
s
is
p
r
o
v
id
es m
o
r
e
p
r
o
m
in
en
t a
m
p
litu
d
es o
f
f
au
lt f
r
eq
u
en
cies a
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
FF
T
.
Sh
r
iv
astav
a
an
d
W
ad
h
wan
i
[
3
]
u
s
ed
tim
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
to
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
b
ea
r
in
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Ág
o
s
to
n
[
4
]
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
th
at
p
h
ase
an
d
a
m
p
litu
d
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
als
ca
n
id
en
tify
a
f
au
lt;
h
o
wev
er
,
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ca
n
n
o
t
d
etec
t
th
e
f
au
lt
lo
ca
tio
n
.
Ko
r
k
u
a
et
a
l.
[
5
]
p
r
ed
icted
th
e
s
ev
er
ity
lev
el
o
f
im
b
alan
ce
in
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
u
s
in
g
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
al
s
.
Sti
ll,
th
e
an
aly
s
is
was
lim
ited
to
a
f
ew
f
ea
tu
r
e
s
,
i.e
.
,
r
o
o
t
m
ea
n
s
q
u
ar
e
v
al
u
e,
cr
est
f
ac
to
r
,
a
n
d
a
m
p
litu
d
e
o
f
th
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
.
Ma
et
a
l.
[
6
]
p
r
esen
ted
f
a
u
lt
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
b
ea
r
in
g
b
ased
o
n
wav
elet
p
ac
k
et
-
ce
p
s
tr
u
m
;
h
o
wev
er
,
th
ey
o
n
ly
co
n
f
in
ed
th
e
s
tu
d
y
to
th
e
b
ea
r
i
n
g
’
s
o
u
ter
r
in
g
f
ailu
r
e.
R
au
b
er
e
t a
l.
[
7
]
p
r
esen
ted
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
s
co
r
es b
ased
o
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
F
a
u
lt d
ia
g
n
o
s
is
o
f e
lectric m
o
to
r
s
u
s
in
g
vib
r
a
tio
n
s
ig
n
a
l
a
n
a
lysi
s
(
Ma
n
d
ee
p
S
in
g
h
)
301
d
if
f
er
en
t
m
ac
h
in
e
-
lear
n
in
g
v
i
b
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
al
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
ey
co
m
p
ar
ed
f
o
u
r
d
is
tin
ct
s
ets
o
f
class
if
ier
s
to
v
alid
ate
th
eir
r
esu
lts
.
Alam
eh
et
a
l.
[
8
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
f
au
lt
d
et
ec
tio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
b
ased
o
n
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
als
f
o
r
a
p
er
m
an
en
t
m
ag
n
et
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
m
ac
h
in
e.
Var
io
u
s
s
im
u
latio
n
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
,
an
d
f
in
ally
,
f
o
r
f
au
lt
d
etec
tio
n
,
a
g
lo
b
al
d
iag
n
o
s
is
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
is
p
r
esen
ted
.
Yak
h
n
i
et
a
l.
[
9
]
p
r
esen
ted
th
e
co
n
d
iti
o
n
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
u
s
in
g
th
e
tr
a
n
s
ien
t
m
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t
s
ig
n
atu
r
es
m
eth
o
d
an
d
elab
o
r
ated
o
n
th
e
f
au
lt
ty
p
e
a
n
d
lo
ca
tio
n
in
o
r
d
er
to
d
iag
n
o
s
e
th
em
q
u
ick
ly
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
h
av
e
b
ee
n
co
m
p
a
r
ed
u
s
in
g
two
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
tech
n
iq
u
es,
i.e
.
Ad
ap
tiv
e
o
b
s
er
v
er
a
n
d
Ad
ap
ti
v
e
n
o
tc
h
f
ilter
in
g
.
Alam
eh
et
a
l.
[
1
0
]
also
p
r
esen
ted
o
n
e
v
ib
r
a
tio
n
f
au
lt
d
iag
n
o
s
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
in
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
a
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
AB
Si
m
u
lin
k
.
T
h
e
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
o
f
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
h
av
e
s
h
o
wn
th
at
wh
ich
th
e
s
p
ac
e
h
a
r
m
o
n
ics
ar
e
ex
t
r
ac
ted
u
n
d
er
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
a
u
lt
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
u
lts
a
r
e
t
h
e
n
test
e
d
o
n
tw
o
d
if
f
e
r
e
n
t
s
ets
o
f
n
o
is
y
s
im
u
la
te
d
d
at
a
u
n
d
e
r
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
m
ac
h
i
n
e
c
o
n
d
i
ti
o
n
s
.
D
el
g
a
d
o
-
Ar
r
e
d
o
n
d
o
et
a
l
.
[
1
1
]
p
r
esen
ted
a
f
au
lt
d
etec
tio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
b
y
an
aly
zin
g
ac
o
u
s
tic
s
o
u
n
d
a
n
d
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
als
f
o
r
d
etec
tin
g
v
ar
i
o
u
s
f
au
lts
in
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
s
u
n
d
er
s
tead
y
-
s
tate
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Z
h
an
g
et
a
l.
[
1
2
]
an
aly
ze
d
th
e
f
au
lts
o
f
p
er
m
an
en
t
m
ag
n
et
m
o
to
r
s
an
d
p
r
esen
ted
a
d
e
f
au
lt
id
en
tific
ati
o
n
m
eth
o
d
u
s
in
g
th
e
r
esid
u
al
c
o
n
v
o
lu
ti
o
n
al
n
e
u
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
(
R
C
C
N
N)
m
o
d
el.
T
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
el
is
v
e
r
if
ied
u
s
in
g
th
e
R
C
C
NN
m
o
d
el,
wh
ich
im
p
r
o
v
es
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
p
er
m
a
n
e
n
t
m
ag
n
etic
m
o
to
r
b
y
1
3
.
1
%.
Niu
et
a
l.
[
1
3
]
p
r
esen
ted
a
m
o
to
r
-
b
ea
r
in
g
f
au
lt
d
iag
n
o
s
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
u
n
d
er
v
ar
i
ab
le
s
p
ee
d
co
n
d
itio
n
s
u
s
in
g
o
r
d
er
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
e
ef
f
icien
cy
a
n
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
o
r
d
er
a
n
aly
s
is
h
av
e
b
ee
n
v
er
if
ied
o
n
a
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
s
et
-
u
p
.
Par
k
et
a
l.
[
1
4
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
n
o
v
el
h
ea
lth
cu
r
r
en
t
r
esid
u
e
m
ap
f
o
r
th
e
f
a
u
lt
d
iag
n
o
s
is
o
f
a
p
er
m
an
en
t
m
ag
n
et
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
m
o
t
o
r
.
T
h
e
e
x
p
er
i
m
en
tal
v
alid
atio
n
o
f
th
is
r
esid
u
e
m
ap
was
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
u
n
d
er
d
if
f
er
en
t
lo
ad
to
r
q
u
e
an
d
v
a
r
iab
le
s
p
ee
d
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Ga
n
g
s
ar
a
n
d
T
iwar
i
[
1
5
]
a
n
aly
ze
d
t
h
e
v
ib
r
atio
n
an
d
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
s
ig
n
als
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
f
au
lt
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
in
t
h
e
ca
s
e
o
f
in
d
u
cti
o
n
m
o
to
r
s
u
s
in
g
o
th
e
r
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
m
eth
o
d
s
.
Glo
wac
z
[
1
6
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
f
a
u
lt
id
en
tific
a
tio
n
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
th
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
er
m
al
im
ag
e
s
o
f
s
in
g
le
-
p
h
ase
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
s
an
d
co
m
m
u
tato
r
m
o
to
r
s
.
Di
f
f
er
en
t
tech
n
iq
u
es
wer
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
,
an
d
th
e
r
esu
lt
s
wer
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
u
n
d
e
r
o
th
er
f
au
lt
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
B
ed
id
a
et
a
l.
[
1
7
]
co
m
p
ar
ed
two
d
if
f
er
en
t
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es
o
f
a
n
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
u
n
d
e
r
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
f
au
lty
co
n
d
itio
n
s
to
a
n
aly
ze
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
an
d
to
r
q
u
e
r
ip
p
les.
No
u
s
s
aib
a
an
d
Ab
d
elaz
iz
[
1
8
]
an
aly
ze
d
th
e
u
n
b
alan
ce
d
s
u
p
p
l
y
v
o
ltag
e
e
f
f
e
ct
u
s
in
g
ANN
b
ased
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
h
av
e
b
e
en
s
h
o
wn
b
y
b
o
t
h
s
im
u
latio
n
s
as
well
a
s
h
ar
d
war
e.
W
an
g
et
a
l
.
[
1
9
]
d
etec
ted
th
e
g
ea
r
s
f
au
lt
o
f
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
b
y
u
s
in
g
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
AI
tech
n
iq
u
es.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
h
o
wn
u
s
in
g
tim
e
d
o
m
ain
an
aly
s
is
an
d
l
u
m
p
ed
p
a
r
am
ete
r
m
o
d
els.
Similar
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
f
au
lts
h
as
b
e
en
s
h
o
wn
b
y
u
s
in
g
d
if
f
er
en
t A
I
tech
n
iq
u
es a
s
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
1
]
.
Fro
m
th
e
av
ailab
le
liter
atu
r
e,
i
t h
as b
ee
n
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
f
a
u
lts
in
m
o
to
r
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ex
p
licitl
y
d
etec
ted
.
Sti
ll,
th
er
e
ar
e
r
esear
ch
g
ap
s
l
ik
e
th
e
i
n
ab
ilit
y
to
lo
ca
te
th
e
t
y
p
e
o
f
f
a
u
lt
p
r
esen
t
o
r
r
estrict
in
g
th
e
an
aly
s
is
to
o
b
s
er
v
e
th
e
am
p
litu
d
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
o
f
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
p
ec
tr
a
u
n
d
er
n
o
r
m
al
an
d
f
au
lty
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
au
th
o
r
s
h
av
e
tr
ied
t
o
d
etec
t
th
e
f
au
lts
u
s
in
g
tim
e
d
o
m
ain
an
aly
s
is
,
a
n
d
th
en
th
e
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
th
e
f
a
u
lt
is
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
in
g
ce
p
s
tr
u
m
an
aly
s
is
o
f
v
ib
r
atio
n
d
ata.
T
h
is
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
ef
f
icien
t
m
eth
o
d
to
f
in
d
th
e
f
a
u
lt
lo
ca
tio
n
an
d
r
ec
tify
it
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e'
s
d
o
wn
tim
e.
2.
NO
T
AT
I
O
N
T
h
er
e
ar
e
s
o
m
e
cr
itical
p
ar
am
eter
s
u
s
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
is
p
a
p
er
,
wh
ich
ar
e
o
u
tlin
ed
to
en
s
u
r
e
clar
ity
an
d
c
o
n
s
is
ten
cy
.
T
h
e
b
ea
r
in
g
b
all
d
iam
eter
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
s
lo
ad
ca
p
ac
ity
,
wh
ile
th
e
p
itch
d
iam
eter
d
ef
i
n
es
th
e
p
ath
o
f
r
o
llin
g
elem
en
ts
d
u
r
in
g
r
o
t
atio
n
,
af
f
ec
tin
g
k
i
n
em
atics
an
d
lo
ad
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
ta
ct
an
g
le
d
eter
m
in
es
th
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
f
o
r
ce
s
b
etwe
en
th
e
r
o
llin
g
elem
e
n
ts
an
d
r
ac
ewa
y
s
,
im
p
ac
tin
g
ax
ial
an
d
r
a
d
ial
lo
ad
h
an
d
lin
g
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
r
o
llin
g
elem
en
ts
af
f
ec
ts
s
tab
ilit
y
an
d
lo
ad
ca
p
ac
ity
,
an
d
th
e
r
o
tati
o
n
s
p
ee
d
in
f
lu
en
ce
s
wea
r
an
d
lu
b
r
icatio
n
.
B
ea
r
in
g
s
ize
is
d
e
f
in
ed
b
y
its
wid
th
,
i
n
n
er
d
iam
eter
,
an
d
o
u
ter
d
iam
eter
,
with
p
itch
d
iam
eter
an
d
co
n
tact
an
g
le
p
la
y
in
g
k
ey
r
o
les in
lo
ad
d
y
n
am
ics an
d
o
v
er
all
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
T
h
e
k
e
y
n
o
tatio
n
s
u
s
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
p
ap
e
r
ar
e:
is
b
ea
r
in
g
b
all
d
iam
eter
;
is
p
itch
d
iam
eter
;
is
th
e
co
n
tact
an
g
le
o
f
th
e
r
o
llin
g
elem
en
t;
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
o
llin
g
elem
e
n
ts
; a
n
d
is
th
e
r
o
tatio
n
s
p
ee
d
.
T
h
e
b
ea
r
in
g
s
ize
is
u
s
u
ally
ca
lc
u
lated
b
y
id
en
tify
in
g
th
r
ee
p
ar
am
eter
s
:
wid
th
,
in
n
er
d
iam
eter
,
an
d
o
u
ter
d
iam
eter
.
Pit
ch
d
iam
eter
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
cir
cle
d
iam
eter
th
r
o
u
g
h
wh
ich
th
e
ce
n
ter
p
o
in
t o
f
a
b
all
tr
av
els wh
en
th
e
b
ea
r
in
g
r
o
tates.
T
h
e
co
n
tact
a
n
g
le
o
f
a
r
o
llin
g
elem
en
t
,
s
u
c
h
as
a
b
all
b
ea
r
in
g
,
is
th
e
lin
e
o
f
co
n
tact
th
r
o
u
g
h
wh
ich
th
e
r
o
llin
g
elem
en
t tr
ac
es th
e
ch
an
n
els o
f
t
h
e
ass
em
b
ly
u
n
it.
3.
DATA
B
AS
E
AND
M
E
T
H
O
DO
L
O
G
Y
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
wo
r
k
u
s
es
th
e
b
all
b
ea
r
in
g
test
d
ata
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
b
y
C
ase
W
e
s
ter
n
R
eser
v
e
Un
iv
er
s
ity
B
ea
r
in
g
Data
C
en
tr
e.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
ac
ce
ler
atio
n
d
ata
o
f
th
e
2
h
p
elec
tr
ic
m
o
to
r
wer
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
at
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
lo
ca
tio
n
s
ar
o
u
n
d
t
h
e
m
ea
r
i
n
g
s
o
f
th
e
m
o
to
r
.
At
th
e
in
n
e
r
r
ac
ewa
y
,
o
u
ter
r
ac
ewa
y
,
an
d
r
o
ll
in
g
elem
en
t,
f
au
lts
h
ad
b
ee
n
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
r
an
g
in
g
f
r
o
m
0
.
0
0
7
-
0
.
0
4
0
in
c
h
es
in
d
ia
m
eter
.
T
h
en
at
a
m
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
r
an
g
in
g
f
r
o
m
1
7
9
7
-
1
7
2
0
r
p
m
a
n
d
at
a
lo
a
d
o
f
0
-
3
h
p
,
t
h
e
r
ein
s
tallatio
n
o
f
f
au
lted
b
ea
r
in
g
s
was
d
o
n
e
in
to
t
h
is
test
m
o
to
r
,
an
d
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
an
aly
s
is
o
f
v
ib
r
a
tio
n
d
ata
was o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
C
ase
W
e
s
ter
n
Un
iv
er
s
ity
d
ataset
[
2
2
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
25
:
30
0
-
30
7
302
3
.
1
.
T
im
e
do
m
a
in a
na
ly
s
is
T
h
e
tim
e
d
o
m
ai
n
v
i
b
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
als
wer
e
o
b
tain
ed
at
a
s
am
p
lin
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
f
1
2
,
0
0
0
(
1
2
k
)
s
am
p
les
p
er
s
ec
o
n
d
.
T
h
ese
s
ig
n
als we
r
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
o
p
er
ati
n
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
f
a
u
lts
in
th
e
m
o
to
r
i.e
.
a
t
n
o
r
m
al
o
p
er
atio
n
as
well
as
w
ith
in
n
er
r
ac
ewa
y
,
o
u
te
r
r
ac
e
way
,
an
d
r
o
llin
g
elem
e
n
t
f
a
u
lts
in
th
e
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
e
s
tatis
t
ical
f
ea
tu
r
es
wer
e
o
b
tai
n
ed
with
a
f
au
lt
d
iam
eter
o
f
0
.
0
0
7
i
n
ch
es,
at
n
o
lo
ad
an
d
a
s
p
ee
d
o
f
1
7
9
7
r
p
m
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
lete
s
tatis
tical
f
ea
tu
r
es a
r
e
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
1
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
4
]
.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
im
e
d
o
m
ain
f
ea
tu
r
e
s
ex
tr
ac
ted
an
d
t
h
eir
f
o
r
m
u
lae
F
e
a
t
u
r
e
F
o
r
mu
l
a
F
e
a
t
u
r
e
F
o
r
mu
l
a
P
e
a
k
v
a
l
u
e
(
)
S
k
e
w
n
e
ss
1
∑
(
−
)
3
=
1
(
S
t
a
n
dar
d D
e
v
i
a
t
i
o
n
)
3
M
e
a
n
(
)
1
∑
=
1
C
l
e
a
r
a
n
c
e
f
a
c
t
o
r
Pe
a
k V
a
lue
(
1
∑
√
|
|
=
1
)
2
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
d
e
v
i
a
t
i
o
n
√
1
∑
(
−
)
2
=
1
K
u
r
t
o
si
s
1
∑
(
−
)
4
=
1
(
S
t
a
n
dar
d D
e
v
i
a
t
i
o
n
)
4
R
o
o
t
me
a
n
sq
u
a
r
e
(
R
M
S
)
√
1
∑
(
)
=
1
2
I
mp
u
l
se
f
a
c
t
o
r
Pe
a
k V
a
lue
1
∑
|
|
=
1
C
r
e
st
f
a
c
t
o
r
Pe
a
k
V
a
lue
R
M
S
V
a
lue
S
h
a
p
e
f
a
c
t
o
r
R
M
S
V
a
lue
1
∑
|
|
=
1
3
.
2
.
F
re
qu
ency
do
ma
in a
na
l
y
s
is
(
ce
ps
t
rum
a
na
ly
s
is
)
A
ce
p
s
tr
u
m
is
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
tak
in
g
th
e
in
v
er
s
e
Fo
u
r
ier
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
o
f
th
e
lo
g
a
r
ith
m
o
f
a
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
,
i.e
.
ce
p
s
tr
u
m
is
g
iv
en
b
y
(
1
)
.
−
1
{
|
{
[
(
)
]
}
|
}
(
1
)
C
ep
s
tr
u
m
h
as
q
u
ef
r
e
n
cy
(
s
ec
)
as
th
e
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
le,
w
h
ich
is
th
e
r
ec
ip
r
o
ca
l
o
f
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
s
p
ac
in
g
i
n
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
.
C
ep
s
t
r
u
m
a
n
al
y
s
is
ca
n
d
et
ec
t
r
ep
ea
t
ed
p
a
tte
r
n
s
in
a
s
p
e
ct
r
u
m
,
m
ak
in
g
it
h
e
lp
f
u
l
i
n
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
ti
ati
n
g
v
ar
io
u
s
f
a
u
lts
t
h
at
ar
e
d
if
f
i
c
u
lt
t
o
s
e
e
i
n
t
h
e
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
p
r
i
m
a
r
y
s
p
ec
tr
a.
T
h
e
p
ea
k
s
in
th
e
c
ep
s
tr
u
m
p
l
o
t
c
an
b
e
u
s
e
d
t
o
f
in
d
t
h
e
b
e
ar
in
g
f
a
u
lt
p
e
ak
s
i
n
t
h
e
o
r
i
g
i
n
al
s
p
e
ct
r
a
.
Sig
n
if
ican
t
p
ea
k
s
in
th
e
ce
p
s
tr
u
m
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
to
p
o
s
s
ib
le
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
b
ea
r
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
cies,
w
h
ich
ar
e
g
i
v
en
b
y
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
[
2
5
]
:
Fo
r
in
n
er
r
ac
ewa
y
d
e
f
ec
t,
(
)
:
2
60
[
1
+
(
)
]
(
2
)
Fo
r
o
u
ter
r
ac
ewa
y
d
e
f
ec
t,
(
)
:
2
60
[
1
−
(
)
]
(
3
)
Fo
r
r
o
llin
g
elem
e
n
t d
ef
ec
t,
(
)
:
60
{
1
−
[
(
)
]
2
}
(
4
)
4.
ANALY
SI
S
A
ND
RE
SU
L
T
S
4
.
1
.
T
im
e
do
m
a
in a
na
ly
s
is
r
esu
lt
s
A
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
in
th
e
m
ag
n
it
u
d
es
o
f
e
x
tr
ac
ted
tim
e
d
o
m
ai
n
f
ea
tu
r
es
was
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
b
etwe
e
n
th
e
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
al
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
u
n
d
er
n
o
r
m
al
o
p
e
r
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
th
e
o
n
es
with
b
ea
r
in
g
f
au
lts
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
th
e
m
o
to
r
,
w
h
ich
d
ep
icts
an
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
th
e
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
al
am
p
litu
d
e
in
ca
s
e
o
f
f
au
lty
b
e
ar
in
g
s
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Dif
f
e
r
en
t
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
f
th
e
t
im
e
d
o
m
ain
a
n
aly
s
is
h
av
e
b
ee
n
p
r
esen
te
d
in
ter
m
s
o
f
s
ix
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
p
ar
am
eter
s
:
p
ea
k
v
al
u
e,
k
u
r
to
s
is
,
cr
est
f
ac
to
r
,
clea
r
an
ce
f
ac
to
r
,
im
p
u
ls
e
f
ac
to
r
,
an
d
s
h
a
p
e
f
a
cto
r
.
T
h
e
clea
r
a
n
ce
f
ac
to
r
h
as th
e
h
ig
h
est m
ag
n
itu
d
e
in
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
o
u
te
r
r
ac
ewa
y
f
au
lt
,
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
in
n
er
r
ac
e
way
f
au
lt,
an
d
th
u
s
,
th
ese
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
an
o
u
ter
r
ac
ewa
y
f
au
lt
f
r
o
m
o
th
er
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
cr
est
f
ac
to
r
,
clea
r
an
ce
f
ac
to
r
,
an
d
im
p
u
ls
e
f
ac
to
r
,
also
b
ein
g
l
o
west
in
ca
s
e
o
f
r
o
llin
g
elem
en
t
f
au
lt,
ca
n
h
elp
t
o
id
en
tif
y
it.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
o
n
l
y
tim
e
-
d
o
m
ain
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
v
ib
r
atio
n
d
ata
h
elp
s
in
f
au
lt
d
etec
tio
n
b
u
t
d
o
es
n
o
t
p
r
ec
is
ely
d
iag
n
o
s
e
th
e
f
au
lt
p
r
esen
t.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e
,
b
etter
clas
s
if
icatio
n
o
f
f
au
lts
ca
n
b
e
ac
h
iev
e
d
u
s
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
d
o
m
ai
n
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
al
af
ter
th
e
t
im
e
d
o
m
ain
a
n
aly
s
is
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
f
r
o
m
Fig
u
r
e
1
th
a
t
th
e
p
ea
k
v
alu
e
is
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
d
if
f
er
e
n
t f
o
r
n
o
r
m
al
o
p
er
atio
n
s
v
er
s
u
s
in
n
er
r
a
ce
way
f
au
lts
an
d
o
u
ter
r
ac
ewa
y
f
au
lts
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
F
a
u
lt d
ia
g
n
o
s
is
o
f e
lectric m
o
to
r
s
u
s
in
g
vib
r
a
tio
n
s
ig
n
a
l
a
n
a
lysi
s
(
Ma
n
d
ee
p
S
in
g
h
)
303
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Statis
tical
f
ea
tu
r
es e
x
tr
ac
ted
in
tim
e
d
o
m
ain
4
.
2
.
Cepstr
um
a
na
ly
s
is
re
s
ults
At
n
o
lo
ad
o
p
e
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
m
o
to
r
,
i.e
.
at
1
7
9
7
r
p
m
,
in
n
er
r
ac
e
way
f
au
lt
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
=
5
.
4
*
r
u
n
n
in
g
s
p
ee
d
in
Hz
=
1
6
1
.
7
3
Hz;
wh
ic
h
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
6
.
2
*
1
0
-
3
o
r
0
.
0
0
6
2
s
ec
o
n
t
h
e
q
u
ef
r
en
c
y
ax
is
.
Simil
ar
ly
,
o
u
ter
r
ac
ewa
y
f
au
lt
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
=3
.
5
8
4
8
*
r
u
n
n
in
g
s
p
ee
d
in
Hz
c
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
0
.
0
0
9
3
s
ec
,
a
n
d
r
o
ll
in
g
elem
e
n
t
f
a
u
lt
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
=4
.
7
1
3
5
*
r
u
n
n
in
g
s
p
ee
d
in
Hz
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
0
.
0
0
7
1
s
ec
.
W
h
e
n
ce
p
s
tr
u
m
an
al
y
s
is
was
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
,
th
e
p
lo
t
p
ea
k
s
wer
e
o
b
tain
e
d
,
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
f
au
lt
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies
ca
lcu
lated
th
eo
r
etica
lly
.
T
h
is
co
n
f
ir
m
s
th
e
ex
is
ten
ce
o
f
th
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
b
ea
r
in
g
f
au
lt in
t
h
e
elec
tr
ic
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
e
C
ase
W
e
s
ter
n
R
eser
v
e
Un
i
v
er
s
ity
(
C
W
R
U
)
b
ea
r
in
g
d
ataset
is
wid
ely
u
s
e
d
f
o
r
b
ea
r
in
g
f
au
lt
d
ia
g
n
o
s
is
r
esear
ch
.
T
h
is
d
ataset
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
s
v
ib
r
atio
n
d
ata
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
b
ea
r
in
g
f
au
lt
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
in
n
er
r
ac
e
f
a
u
lts
,
o
u
ter
r
ac
e
f
au
lts
,
an
d
b
all
f
au
lts
at
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
au
lt
s
izes a
n
d
lo
ad
s.
As p
er
th
e
(
2
)
,
f
o
r
th
e
g
iv
en
o
n
e
s
am
p
le
o
f
d
ata
th
e
i
n
n
er
r
ac
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
is
fr
=
1
7
9
7
R
PM
=
1
7
9
7
/
6
0
=
2
9
.
9
5
Hz;
C
o
n
tact
a
n
g
le
o
f
r
o
llin
g
elem
e
n
t
o
f
0
d
e
g
r
ee
i.e
.
c
o
s
α
=
1
;
R
o
llin
g
elem
e
n
t
=
9
;
d
=
7
m
m
;
D
m
=
3
5
m
m
.
T
h
e
i
n
n
er
r
ac
e
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
f
ir
=
4
.
5
*
(
1
+
(
7
/3
5
)
)
*
2
9
.
9
5
=
1
6
1
.
7
3
Hz
(
as
p
e
r
(
2
)
)
.
No
w
if
we
an
aly
ze
th
e
FF
T
o
r
th
e
ce
p
s
tr
u
m
p
lo
t
o
f
th
e
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
al,
th
en
t
h
er
e
will
b
e
a
p
ea
k
at
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
o
f
1
6
1
.
7
3
H
z
wh
ich
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
0
.
0
0
6
2
s
ec
o
n
th
e
q
u
ef
r
en
cy
ax
is
.
T
h
i
s
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
er
e
is
d
ef
in
itely
an
in
n
e
r
r
ac
e
f
au
lt
.
T
h
e
ce
p
s
tr
u
m
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
in
n
er
a
n
d
o
u
ter
r
ac
ewa
y
f
a
u
lt
in
th
e
b
ea
r
in
g
is
s
h
o
wn
i
n
Fig
u
r
es
2
an
d
3
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Ho
wev
er
,
t
h
e
ce
p
s
tr
u
m
an
aly
ze
o
f
r
o
ll
in
g
ele
m
en
t
f
au
lt
in
th
e
b
ea
r
in
g
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
ab
o
v
e
-
s
aid
p
ar
am
eter
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
to
a
n
aly
ze
all
th
e
e
x
is
tin
g
m
o
to
r
f
a
u
lts
av
ailab
le.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
C
ep
s
tr
u
m
a
n
aly
ze
o
f
in
n
er
r
ac
ewa
y
f
au
lt in
b
ea
r
in
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
25
:
30
0
-
30
7
304
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
C
ep
s
tr
u
m
a
n
aly
ze
o
f
o
u
ter
r
ac
ewa
y
f
au
lt in
b
ea
r
in
g
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
C
ep
s
tr
u
m
a
n
aly
ze
o
f
r
o
llin
g
elem
en
t
f
au
lt in
b
ea
r
in
g
I
n
th
e
av
ailab
le
d
ata,
th
er
e
we
r
e
a
t
o
tal
o
f
4
8
s
ig
n
als,
3
2
s
ig
n
als we
r
e
tak
en
f
r
o
m
f
au
lty
m
o
t
o
r
s
(
s
am
e
f
au
lt),
an
d
1
6
s
ig
n
als
wer
e
tak
en
f
r
o
m
n
o
r
m
al
m
o
to
r
s
with
n
o
f
au
lt.
All
th
e
s
ig
n
als
h
av
e
b
e
en
ev
alu
ated
u
s
in
g
th
e
ab
o
v
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
an
d
a
co
n
f
u
s
io
n
m
atr
ix
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
ep
ar
ed
to
ca
lc
u
late
th
e
o
v
e
r
a
ll
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
ea
tu
r
es.
A
co
n
f
u
s
io
n
m
atr
ix
is
a
r
ec
o
r
d
o
f
r
esu
lts
ag
ain
s
t
s
o
m
e
h
y
p
o
th
esis
.
W
h
en
th
er
e
is
a
f
au
lt
in
th
e
m
o
to
r
,
a
n
d
th
e
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
al
g
iv
es
th
e
s
am
e
in
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
,
it
is
ca
lled
tr
u
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
(
T
P)
an
d
if
th
e
s
ig
n
al
s
ay
s
th
e
m
o
to
r
is
n
o
r
m
al,
it
is
f
alse
n
eg
ativ
e
(
FN)
.
On
th
e
o
t
h
er
h
an
d
,
if
th
e
r
e
is
n
o
f
a
u
lt
in
th
e
m
o
to
r
an
d
th
e
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
al
g
iv
es
th
e
s
am
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
it
is
ca
lled
tr
u
e
n
eg
ativ
e
(
T
N)
,
a
n
d
if
th
e
s
ig
n
a
l
s
ay
s
th
e
m
o
t
o
r
h
as
a
f
au
lt,
t
h
en
it
is
f
alse
p
o
s
itiv
e
(
FP
)
.
T
h
e
co
n
f
u
s
io
n
m
atr
i
x
o
f
th
e
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
f
au
lt
is
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
2
.
A
d
etailed
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
in
ter
m
s
o
f
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
two
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
d
o
m
ain
s
is
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
3
.
I
t
h
as
b
ee
n
co
n
clu
d
e
d
th
at
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
t
im
e
d
o
m
ain
tech
n
iq
u
e
i
s
8
5
.
4
%,
wh
er
ea
s
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
d
o
m
ain
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
9
1
.
6
%.
H
o
wev
er
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
t
ec
h
n
iq
u
e
h
as
a
f
ar
b
etter
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
o
f
9
5
.
8
%
th
a
n
th
e
two
d
o
m
ai
n
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
F
a
u
lt d
ia
g
n
o
s
is
o
f e
lectric m
o
to
r
s
u
s
in
g
vib
r
a
tio
n
s
ig
n
a
l
a
n
a
lysi
s
(
Ma
n
d
ee
p
S
in
g
h
)
305
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
p
a
r
am
eter
s
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
n
f
u
s
io
n
m
atr
ix
,
T
ab
le
2
.
=
(
+
)
(
5
)
=
(
+
)
(
6
)
=
+
(
+
+
+
)
(
7
)
As
p
er
(
7
)
,
th
e
a
cc
u
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
h
as
b
ee
n
c
alcu
lated
as
9
8
.
5
%.
T
h
is
m
ea
n
s
th
at
th
e
c
o
r
r
ec
tl
y
d
etec
ted
s
am
p
les
(
T
P+T
N)
/
t
o
tal
s
am
p
les:
(
3
1
+1
5
)
/4
8
=
4
6
/4
8
=9
5
.
8
%.
Similar
ly
,
we
ca
n
also
ca
lcu
late
th
e
s
p
ec
if
icity
=
(
1
5
)
/(
0
+
1
5
)
=1
,
wh
ich
s
h
o
ws
th
at
all
ab
n
o
r
m
al
s
am
p
les
h
av
e
b
ee
n
co
r
r
ec
t
ly
d
etec
ted
b
y
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
.
T
ab
le
2
.
C
o
n
f
u
s
io
n
m
atr
ix
F
a
u
l
t
st
a
t
u
s
F
a
u
l
t
d
e
t
e
c
t
e
d
F
a
u
l
t
n
o
t
d
e
t
e
c
t
e
d
A
c
t
u
a
l
f
a
u
l
t
3
1
(
TP)
0
2
(
F
N
)
A
c
t
u
a
l
l
y
n
o
-
f
a
u
l
t
0
0
(
F
P
)
1
5
(
TN
)
T
ab
le
3
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
b
o
th
tech
n
iq
u
es
S
.
N
o
.
M
e
t
h
o
d
A
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
1
Ti
me
d
o
m
a
i
n
8
5
.
4
%
2
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
d
o
m
a
i
n
9
1
.
6
%
3
H
y
b
r
i
d
f
e
a
t
u
r
e
s(
p
r
o
p
o
se
d
)
9
5
.
8
%
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
tech
n
iq
u
es
f
o
r
a
n
aly
zin
g
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
a
m
o
to
r
u
s
in
g
tim
e
d
o
m
ain
s
tatis
t
ical
f
ea
tu
r
e
an
aly
s
is
an
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
d
o
m
ain
ce
p
s
tr
u
m
a
n
aly
s
is
.
As d
ep
icted
b
y
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
r
esu
lts
,
tim
e
d
o
m
ain
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
v
ib
r
atio
n
d
ata
h
elp
s
to
d
if
f
er
en
tiate
b
et
wee
n
n
o
r
m
al
a
n
d
f
au
lty
o
p
er
a
tin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
b
u
t
d
o
es n
o
t
ef
f
icien
tly
d
iag
n
o
s
e
t
h
e
f
au
lt.
W
h
er
ea
s
th
e
ce
p
s
tr
u
m
an
aly
s
is
tech
n
iq
u
e,
wh
ic
h
i
n
clu
d
es th
e
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
p
ea
k
s
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
a
u
lt
f
r
e
q
u
en
cies,
is
a
r
e
liab
le
an
d
ef
f
icien
t
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
f
au
lt
d
iag
n
o
s
is
,
lo
ca
tin
g
th
e
f
au
lt
p
r
esen
t
i
n
th
e
m
o
to
r
b
ea
r
in
g
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
a
h
y
b
r
i
d
m
et
h
o
d
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
,
wh
er
e
h
ig
h
l
y
d
is
cr
im
in
atin
g
f
ea
tu
r
es
f
r
o
m
th
e
t
im
e
d
o
m
ain
an
d
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
d
o
m
ain
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
elec
ted
an
d
u
s
ed
to
class
if
y
th
e
d
ata
f
o
r
f
a
u
lt
d
etec
tio
n
.
I
t
h
as
b
ee
n
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
m
eth
o
d
is
wo
r
k
in
g
b
etter
t
h
an
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
m
eth
o
d
s
.
As
co
m
p
a
r
ed
to
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
,
th
is
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
h
y
b
r
id
f
ea
tu
r
es
h
as
h
ig
h
er
ac
cu
r
ac
y
(
9
5
.
8
%)
in
d
etec
tin
g
th
e
r
ac
ewa
y
f
a
u
lts
in
m
o
to
r
s
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
E
M
E
NT
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
g
r
atef
u
lly
ac
k
n
o
wled
g
e
th
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
o
f
C
ase
W
ester
n
R
eser
v
e
Un
iv
er
s
ity
(
C
W
R
U)
f
o
r
s
h
ar
in
g
th
eir
d
ataset
an
d
th
eir
v
alu
ab
le
s
u
g
g
esti
o
n
s
.
F
UNDING
I
NF
O
R
M
A
T
I
O
N
Au
th
o
r
s
s
tate
n
o
f
u
n
d
in
g
in
v
o
lv
ed
.
AUTHO
R
CO
NT
RI
B
UT
I
O
NS ST
A
T
E
M
E
N
T
T
h
is
jo
u
r
n
al
u
s
es
th
e
C
o
n
t
r
ib
u
to
r
R
o
les
T
a
x
o
n
o
m
y
(
C
R
ed
iT)
to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
in
d
iv
i
d
u
al
au
th
o
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
,
r
ed
u
ce
au
th
o
r
s
h
ip
d
is
p
u
tes,
an
d
f
ac
ilit
ate
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
Na
m
e
o
f
Aut
ho
r
C
M
So
Va
Fo
I
R
D
O
E
Vi
Su
P
Fu
Ma
n
d
ee
p
Sin
g
h
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
T
ejin
d
er
Sin
g
h
Sag
g
u
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Ar
v
in
d
Dh
in
g
r
a
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
C
:
C
o
n
c
e
p
t
u
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
M
:
M
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
So
:
So
f
t
w
a
r
e
Va
:
Va
l
i
d
a
t
i
o
n
Fo
:
Fo
r
mal
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
I
:
I
n
v
e
s
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
R
:
R
e
so
u
r
c
e
s
D
:
D
a
t
a
C
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
O
:
W
r
i
t
i
n
g
-
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
D
r
a
f
t
E
:
W
r
i
t
i
n
g
-
R
e
v
i
e
w
&
E
d
i
t
i
n
g
Vi
:
Vi
su
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
Su
:
Su
p
e
r
v
i
s
i
o
n
P
:
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
a
d
mi
n
i
st
r
a
t
i
o
n
Fu
:
Fu
n
d
i
n
g
a
c
q
u
i
si
t
i
o
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
25
:
30
0
-
30
7
306
CO
NF
L
I
C
T
O
F
I
N
T
E
R
E
S
T
ST
A
T
E
M
E
NT
Au
th
o
r
s
s
tate
n
o
co
n
f
lict o
f
in
t
er
est.
DATA AV
AI
L
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
T
h
e
d
ata
th
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
ar
e
o
p
en
ly
av
ailab
le
in
th
e
C
ase
W
e
s
t
er
n
R
eser
v
e
Un
iv
er
s
ity
B
ea
r
in
g
Data
C
en
t
r
e
at
h
ttp
://cs
eg
r
o
u
p
s
.
ca
s
e.
ed
u
/b
ea
r
in
g
d
atac
en
te
r
/p
ag
es/welco
m
e
-
ca
s
e
-
wester
n
-
r
eser
v
e
-
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
-
b
ea
r
in
g
-
d
at
a
-
ce
n
ter
-
web
s
ite,
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
n
u
m
b
er
[
2
2
]
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
M
.
I
o
r
g
u
l
e
sc
u
,
R
.
B
e
l
o
i
u
,
a
n
d
M
.
O
.
P
o
p
e
sc
u
,
“
V
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
m
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
f
o
r
d
i
a
g
n
o
si
s
o
f
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
e
q
u
i
p
me
n
t
’
s
f
a
u
l
t
s,
”
i
n
2
0
1
0
1
2
t
h
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
O
p
t
i
m
i
za
t
i
o
n
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
a
n
d
El
e
c
t
ro
n
i
c
E
q
u
i
p
m
e
n
t
,
I
EEE,
M
a
y
2
0
1
0
,
p
p
.
4
9
3
–
4
9
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
O
P
TI
M
.
2
0
1
0
.
5
5
1
0
3
3
2
.
[
2
]
Y
.
K
.
C
h
a
u
d
h
a
r
i
,
J
.
A
.
G
a
i
k
w
a
d
,
a
n
d
J.
V
K
u
l
k
a
r
n
i
,
“
V
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
a
l
y
si
s
f
o
r
b
e
a
r
i
n
g
f
a
u
l
t
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
i
n
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
mo
t
o
r
s,
”
i
n
2
0
1
4
Fi
rst
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
&
S
o
f
t
C
o
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
(
I
C
N
S
C
2
0
1
4
)
,
I
EEE,
A
u
g
.
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
1
4
6
–
1
5
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
C
N
S
C
.
2
0
1
4
.
6
9
0
6
6
8
1
.
[
3
]
A
.
S
h
r
i
v
a
s
t
a
v
a
a
n
d
S
.
W
a
d
h
w
a
n
i
,
“
A
n
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
f
o
r
f
a
u
l
t
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s
o
f
r
o
t
a
t
i
n
g
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
ma
c
h
i
n
e
u
s
i
n
g
v
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
si
g
n
a
l
a
n
a
l
y
si
s,
”
i
n
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
R
e
c
e
n
t
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
s
a
n
d
I
n
n
o
v
a
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
(
I
C
R
AI
E
-
2
0
1
4
)
,
I
EEE,
M
a
y
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
1
–
6
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
C
R
A
I
E.
2
0
1
4
.
6
9
0
9
1
6
0
.
[
4
]
K
.
Á
g
o
st
o
n
,
“
F
a
u
l
t
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
mo
t
o
r
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
v
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s,
”
Pr
o
c
e
d
i
a
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
1
9
,
p
p
.
5
4
7
–
5
5
3
,
2
0
1
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
p
r
o
t
c
y
.
2
0
1
5
.
0
2
.
0
7
8
.
[
5
]
S
.
K
o
r
k
u
a
,
H
.
J
a
i
n
,
W
.
-
J.
L
e
e
,
a
n
d
C
.
K
w
a
n
,
“
W
i
r
e
l
e
ss
h
e
a
l
t
h
m
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
s
y
st
e
m
f
o
r
v
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
m
o
t
o
r
s,”
i
n
2
0
1
0
I
EE
E
I
n
d
u
st
r
i
a
l
a
n
d
C
o
m
m
e
rc
i
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
s
t
e
m
s T
e
c
h
n
i
c
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
-
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
R
e
c
o
rd
,
I
EEE,
M
a
y
2
0
1
0
,
p
p
.
1
–
6
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
C
P
S
.
2
0
1
0
.
5
4
8
9
8
9
9
.
[
6
]
J.
M
a
,
J.
W
u
,
X
.
W
a
n
g
,
Y
.
F
a
n
,
a
n
d
T.
Le
n
g
,
“
A
f
a
u
l
t
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
me
t
h
o
d
o
f
r
o
l
l
i
n
g
b
e
a
r
i
n
g
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
w
a
v
e
l
e
t
p
a
c
k
e
t
-
c
e
p
s
t
r
u
m
,
”
Re
se
a
rc
h
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ap
p
l
i
e
d
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
s,
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
5
,
n
o
.
1
2
,
p
p
.
3
4
0
2
–
3
4
0
6
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
1
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
9
0
2
6
/
r
j
a
s
e
t
.
5
.
4
5
8
6
.
[
7
]
T.
W
.
R
a
u
b
e
r
,
A
.
L.
d
a
S
.
Lo
c
a
,
F
.
d
e
A
.
B
o
l
d
t
,
A
.
L.
R
o
d
r
i
g
u
e
s
,
a
n
d
F
.
M
.
V
a
r
e
j
ã
o
,
“
A
n
e
x
p
e
r
i
me
n
t
a
l
me
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
t
o
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
e
mac
h
i
n
e
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
me
t
h
o
d
s
f
o
r
f
a
u
l
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s
b
a
se
d
o
n
v
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
i
g
n
a
l
s,
”
Ex
p
e
rt
S
y
st
e
m
s
w
i
t
h
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
6
7
,
p
.
1
1
4
0
2
2
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
e
sw
a
.
2
0
2
0
.
1
1
4
0
2
2
.
[
8
]
K
.
A
l
a
me
h
,
N
.
C
i
t
é
,
G
.
H
o
b
l
o
s,
a
n
d
G
.
B
a
r
a
k
a
t
,
“
V
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
-
b
a
se
d
f
a
u
l
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
f
o
r
p
e
r
m
a
n
e
n
t
ma
g
n
e
t
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
mo
t
o
r
s,
”
I
FA
C
-
Pa
p
e
rsO
n
L
i
n
e
,
v
o
l
.
4
8
,
n
o
.
2
1
,
p
p
.
1
4
4
4
–
1
4
5
0
,
2
0
1
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
i
f
a
c
o
l
.
2
0
1
5
.
0
9
.
7
2
8
.
[
9
]
M
.
F
.
Y
a
k
h
n
i
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
sp
e
e
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
m
o
t
o
r
s’
f
a
u
l
t
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
b
a
sed
o
n
t
r
a
n
si
e
n
t
mo
t
o
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
s
i
g
n
a
t
u
r
e
s
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s:
A
r
e
v
i
e
w
,
”
M
e
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
n
d
S
i
g
n
a
l
Pr
o
c
e
ss
i
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
1
8
4
,
p
.
1
0
9
7
3
7
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
y
mss
p
.
2
0
2
2
.
1
0
9
7
3
7
.
[
1
0
]
K
.
A
l
a
me
h
,
G
.
H
o
b
l
o
s
,
a
n
d
G
.
B
a
r
a
k
a
t
,
“
S
t
a
t
i
st
i
c
a
l
v
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
-
b
a
s
e
d
f
a
u
l
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
a
p
p
l
i
e
d
t
o
b
r
u
s
h
l
e
ss
D
C
m
o
t
o
r
s,
”
I
FAC
-
P
a
p
e
rsO
n
L
i
n
e
,
v
o
l
.
5
1
,
n
o
.
2
4
,
p
p
.
3
3
8
–
3
4
5
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
i
f
a
c
o
l
.
2
0
1
8
.
0
9
.
5
9
9
.
[
1
1
]
P
.
A
.
D
e
l
g
a
d
o
-
A
r
r
e
d
o
n
d
o
,
D
.
M
o
r
i
n
i
g
o
-
S
o
t
e
l
o
,
R
.
A
.
O
s
o
r
n
i
o
-
R
i
o
s,
J
.
G
.
A
v
i
n
a
-
C
e
r
v
a
n
t
e
s,
H
.
R
o
st
r
o
-
G
o
n
z
a
l
e
z
,
a
n
d
R
.
d
e
J.
R
o
m
e
r
o
-
Tr
o
n
c
o
so
,
“
M
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
f
o
r
f
a
u
l
t
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
i
n
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
mo
t
o
r
s
v
i
a
so
u
n
d
a
n
d
v
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
i
g
n
a
l
s
,
”
Me
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
n
d
S
i
g
n
a
l
Pr
o
c
e
ssi
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
8
3
,
p
p
.
5
6
8
–
5
8
9
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
y
mss
p
.
2
0
1
6
.
0
6
.
0
3
2
.
[
1
2
]
D
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
Z
.
N
i
n
g
,
B
.
Y
a
n
g
,
T
.
W
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
Y
.
M
a
,
“
F
a
u
l
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s
o
f
p
e
r
man
e
n
t
ma
g
n
e
t
mo
t
o
r
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
D
C
G
A
N
-
R
C
C
N
N
,
”
En
e
r
g
y
Re
p
o
rt
s
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
p
p
.
6
1
6
–
6
2
6
,
Ju
l
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
e
g
y
r
.
2
0
2
2
.
0
1
.
2
2
6
.
[
1
3
]
J.
N
i
u
,
X
.
W
a
n
g
,
S
.
L
u
,
J
.
G
u
o
,
F
.
Li
u
,
a
n
d
Y
.
L
i
u
,
“
M
o
t
o
r
b
e
a
r
i
n
g
f
a
u
l
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
si
o
n
e
s
t
i
mat
i
o
n
a
n
d
o
r
d
e
r
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s,
”
Pr
o
c
e
d
i
a
M
a
n
u
f
a
c
t
u
r
i
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
4
9
,
p
p
.
1
6
0
–
1
6
5
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
p
r
o
mf
g
.
2
0
2
0
.
0
7
.
0
1
3
.
[
1
4
]
C
.
H
.
P
a
r
k
,
H
.
K
i
m,
C
.
S
u
h
,
M
.
C
h
a
e
,
H
.
Y
o
o
n
,
a
n
d
B
.
D
.
Y
o
u
n
,
“
A
h
e
a
l
t
h
i
ma
g
e
f
o
r
d
e
e
p
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
-
b
a
se
d
f
a
u
l
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
si
s
o
f
a
p
e
r
ma
n
e
n
t
m
a
g
n
e
t
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
mo
t
o
r
u
n
d
e
r
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
n
g
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s:
I
n
st
a
n
t
a
n
e
o
u
s
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
r
e
s
i
d
u
a
l
map
,
”
Re
l
i
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
En
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
&
S
y
s
t
e
m
S
a
f
e
t
y
,
v
o
l
.
2
2
6
,
p
.
1
0
8
7
1
5
,
O
c
t
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
r
e
ss.
2
0
2
2
.
1
0
8
7
1
5
.
[
1
5
]
P
.
G
a
n
g
s
a
r
a
n
d
R
.
Ti
w
a
r
i
,
“
S
i
g
n
a
l
b
a
s
e
d
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
mo
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
t
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
s
f
o
r
f
a
u
l
t
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s o
f
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
m
o
t
o
r
s
:
A
st
a
t
e
-
of
-
t
h
e
-
a
r
t
r
e
v
i
e
w
,
”
M
e
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
n
d
S
i
g
n
a
l
Pr
o
c
e
ssi
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
1
4
4
,
p
.
1
0
6
9
0
8
,
O
c
t
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
y
ms
sp
.
2
0
2
0
.
1
0
6
9
0
8
.
[
1
6
]
A
.
G
l
o
w
a
c
z
,
“
T
h
e
r
m
o
g
r
a
p
h
i
c
f
a
u
l
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s
o
f
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
f
a
u
l
t
s
o
f
c
o
mm
u
t
a
t
o
r
a
n
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
m
o
t
o
r
s,”
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
Ap
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
o
f
Art
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
I
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
1
,
p
.
1
0
5
9
6
2
,
M
a
y
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
e
n
g
a
p
p
a
i
.
2
0
2
3
.
1
0
5
9
6
2
.
[
1
7
]
T.
B
e
d
i
d
a
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
P
r
e
d
i
c
t
i
v
e
t
o
r
q
u
e
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
m
o
t
o
r
f
o
r
r
o
t
o
r
b
a
r
f
a
u
l
t
s
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s,
”
E
n
e
rg
y
R
e
p
o
r
t
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
4
9
4
0
–
4
9
5
6
,
J
u
n
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
e
g
y
r
.
2
0
2
4
.
0
4
.
0
5
6
.
[
1
8
]
L.
A
.
E.
N
o
u
ssa
i
b
a
a
n
d
F
.
A
b
d
e
l
a
z
i
z
,
“
A
N
N
-
b
a
se
d
f
a
u
l
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
si
s
o
f
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
m
o
t
o
r
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
t
o
r
i
n
t
e
r
-
t
u
r
n
s
h
o
r
t
-
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
s
a
n
d
u
n
b
a
l
a
n
c
e
d
su
p
p
l
y
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
,
”
I
S
A
T
r
a
n
sa
c
t
i
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
4
5
,
p
p
.
3
7
3
–
3
8
6
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
i
sa
t
r
a
.
2
0
2
3
.
1
1
.
0
2
0
.
[
1
9
]
H
.
W
a
n
g
,
R
.
Y
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
J.
X
i
a
n
g
,
“
N
u
mer
i
c
a
l
si
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
g
e
a
r
s
f
o
r
f
a
u
l
t
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
u
s
i
n
g
a
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
i
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
m
o
d
e
l
s,”
Me
a
su
r
e
m
e
n
t
,
v
o
l
.
2
0
3
,
p
.
1
1
1
8
9
8
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
mea
su
r
e
me
n
t
.
2
0
2
2
.
1
1
1
8
9
8
.
[
2
0
]
A
.
C
h
o
u
d
h
a
r
y
,
R
.
K
.
M
i
s
h
r
a
,
S
.
F
a
t
i
ma,
a
n
d
B
.
K
.
P
a
n
i
g
r
a
h
i
,
“
M
u
l
t
i
-
i
n
p
u
t
C
N
N
b
a
s
e
d
v
i
b
r
o
-
a
c
o
u
st
i
c
f
u
s
i
o
n
f
o
r
a
c
c
u
r
a
t
e
f
a
u
l
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
si
s
o
f
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
m
o
t
o
r
,
”
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
Ap
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
o
f
Art
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
I
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
0
,
p
.
1
0
5
8
7
2
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
e
n
g
a
p
p
a
i
.
2
0
2
3
.
1
0
5
8
7
2
.
[
2
1
]
A
.
A
l
l
a
l
a
n
d
A
.
K
h
e
c
h
e
k
h
o
u
c
h
e
,
“
D
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s
o
f
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
m
o
t
o
r
f
a
u
l
t
s
u
si
n
g
t
h
e
m
o
t
o
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
n
o
r
mal
i
z
e
d
r
e
si
d
u
a
l
h
a
r
m
o
n
i
c
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
met
h
o
d
,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
t
ri
c
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
&
E
n
e
r
g
y
S
y
st
e
m
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
4
1
,
p
.
1
0
8
2
1
9
,
O
c
t
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
i
j
e
p
e
s.
2
0
2
2
.
1
0
8
2
1
9
.
[
2
2
]
C
a
se
W
e
s
t
e
r
n
R
e
serv
e
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
,
“
1
2
k
d
r
i
v
e
e
n
d
b
e
a
r
i
n
g
f
a
u
l
t
d
a
t
a
,
”
B
e
a
ri
n
g
D
a
t
a
C
e
n
t
e
r
,
[
O
n
l
i
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
:
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
.
c
a
s
e
.
e
d
u
/
b
e
a
r
i
n
g
d
a
t
a
c
e
n
t
e
r
/
1
2
k
-
d
r
i
v
e
-
e
n
d
-
b
e
a
r
i
n
g
-
f
a
u
l
t
-
d
a
t
a
.
(
A
c
c
e
ss
e
d
:
J
u
l
y
1
8
,
2
0
2
4
)
[
2
3
]
M
.
La
mr
a
o
u
i
,
M
.
E
l
B
a
d
a
o
u
i
,
a
n
d
F
.
G
u
i
l
l
e
t
,
“
C
h
a
t
t
e
r
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
i
n
C
N
C
mi
l
l
i
n
g
p
r
o
c
e
sses
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
w
i
e
n
e
r
-
S
V
M
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
a
n
d
u
si
n
g
o
n
l
y
m
o
t
o
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
s
i
g
n
a
l
s,
”
i
n
Me
c
h
a
n
i
sm
s
a
n
d
M
a
c
h
i
n
e
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
v
o
l
.
2
3
,
2
0
1
5
,
p
p
.
5
6
7
–
5
7
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/
9
7
8
-
3
-
3
1
9
-
0
9
9
1
8
-
7
_
5
0
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
F
a
u
lt d
ia
g
n
o
s
is
o
f e
lectric m
o
to
r
s
u
s
in
g
vib
r
a
tio
n
s
ig
n
a
l
a
n
a
lysi
s
(
Ma
n
d
ee
p
S
in
g
h
)
307
[
2
4
]
A
.
K
.
M
a
h
a
ma
d
a
n
d
T
.
H
i
y
a
m
a
,
“
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
o
f
a
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
n
e
u
r
a
l
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
b
a
se
d
f
a
u
l
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
si
s
o
f
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
mo
t
o
r
d
e
a
r
i
n
g
,
”
i
n
2
0
0
8
I
EEE
2
n
d
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
Po
w
e
r
a
n
d
E
n
e
rg
y
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
,
I
EEE,
D
e
c
.
2
0
0
8
,
p
p
.
1
3
8
7
–
1
3
9
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
P
E
C
O
N
.
2
0
0
8
.
4
7
6
2
6
9
5
.
[
2
5
]
S
.
Lu
,
Q
.
H
e
,
a
n
d
F
.
K
o
n
g
,
“
B
e
a
r
i
n
g
d
e
f
e
c
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
si
s
b
y
s
t
o
c
h
a
st
i
c
r
e
so
n
a
n
c
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
w
o
o
d
s
-
s
a
x
o
n
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
,
”
i
n
L
e
c
t
u
r
e
N
o
t
e
s
i
n
Me
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
1
9
,
2
0
1
5
,
p
p
.
9
9
–
1
0
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/
9
7
8
-
3
-
3
1
9
-
0
9
5
0
7
-
3
_
1
0
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S O
F
AUTH
O
RS
Ma
n
d
e
e
p
S
in
g
h
is
a
n
As
so
c
i
a
te
P
ro
fe
ss
o
r
i
n
th
e
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
I
n
stru
m
e
n
tati
o
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
De
p
a
rtme
n
t,
T
h
a
p
a
r
In
stit
u
te
o
f
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
P
a
ti
a
la.
He
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
se
rv
in
g
a
t
TIE
T
si
n
c
e
M
a
rc
h
2
0
0
3
.
M
a
n
d
e
e
p
S
in
g
h
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
P
h
.
D
.
d
e
g
re
e
fro
m
th
e
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
In
str
u
m
e
n
tatio
n
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
De
p
a
rtme
n
t,
Th
a
p
a
r
I
n
stit
u
te
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
P
a
ti
a
la
,
P
u
n
ja
b
,
in
2
0
1
4
a
n
d
M
.
Tec
h
.
d
e
g
re
e
in
I
n
stru
m
e
n
tatio
n
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
fr
o
m
P
a
n
jab
Un
i
v
e
rsity
,
C
h
a
n
d
ig
a
rh
,
2
0
0
1
.
He
is
a
se
n
io
r
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
IEE
E
a
n
d
a
li
fe
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
M
S
I.
His
c
u
rre
n
t
re
se
a
rc
h
in
t
e
re
st
in
c
lu
d
e
s
Io
T,
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
sy
ste
m
,
a
n
d
b
io
-
m
e
d
ica
l
in
stru
m
e
n
tati
o
n
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
m
d
sin
g
h
@t
h
a
p
a
r.
e
d
u
.
Te
jin
d
e
r
S
in
g
h
S
a
g
g
u
is
a
n
As
sista
n
t
P
r
o
fe
ss
o
r
in
th
e
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
a
t
P
u
n
jab
En
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
C
o
ll
e
g
e
,
Ch
a
n
d
i
g
a
rh
,
sin
c
e
2
0
1
3
.
He
o
b
tain
e
d
h
is
B.
Tec
h
.
(El
e
c
tri
c
a
l)
fro
m
IK
G
P
u
n
jab
Tec
h
n
ica
l
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
Ja
lan
d
h
a
r
i
n
2
0
0
4
,
M
.
E.
(P
o
we
r
S
y
ste
m
s
a
n
d
Driv
e
s)
fr
o
m
Th
a
p
a
r
U
n
iv
e
r
sity
,
P
a
ti
a
la
i
n
2
0
1
0
,
a
n
d
P
h
.
D.
f
ro
m
IKG
P
u
n
jab
Tec
h
n
ica
l
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
Ja
lan
d
h
a
r
i
n
2
0
1
7
.
He
is a l
ife m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
th
e
In
stit
u
ti
o
n
o
f
En
g
i
n
e
e
rs (In
d
ia) an
d
a
se
n
io
r
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
IEE
E.
He
h
a
s
p
u
b
li
sh
e
d
m
o
re
th
a
n
6
0
p
a
p
e
rs
i
n
in
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
jo
u
rn
a
ls
a
n
d
c
o
n
fe
re
n
c
e
s.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
p
o
we
r
q
u
a
li
t
y
,
p
o
we
r
sy
ste
m
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
re
n
e
wa
b
le en
e
rg
y
s
y
ste
m
s.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
teji
n
d
e
rsi
n
g
h
sa
g
g
u
@p
e
c
.
e
d
u
.
in
.
Dr
.
Ar
v
in
d
Dhi
n
g
r
a
is a se
a
so
n
e
d
p
r
o
fe
ss
io
n
a
l
h
a
v
i
n
g
o
v
e
r
2
7
y
e
a
rs o
f
in
d
u
strial
a
n
d
a
c
a
d
e
m
ic
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
.
He
g
ra
d
u
a
ted
fro
m
M
REC
,
n
o
w
M
NIT,
Ja
ip
u
r,
d
id
h
is
M
BA
fr
o
m
IG
NO
U
,
a
n
d
M
.
Tec
h
.
fr
o
m
P
TU
,
fo
ll
o
we
d
b
y
P
h
.
D.
fr
o
m
NIT,
K
u
r
u
k
sh
e
tra.
He
h
a
s p
u
b
li
s
h
e
d
o
v
e
r
8
5
p
a
p
e
rs i
n
v
a
rio
u
s
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
i
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
j
o
u
r
n
a
ls an
d
c
o
n
fe
re
n
c
e
s.
He
h
a
s
d
e
li
v
e
re
d
m
o
re
th
a
n
8
0
talk
s
a
t
v
a
rio
u
s
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
i
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
f
o
ru
m
s.
He
is
a
c
e
rti
fied
e
n
e
rg
y
a
u
d
i
to
r.
He
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
h
o
ld
i
n
g
t
h
e
c
h
a
rg
e
o
f
e
x
e
c
u
ti
v
e
d
irec
t
o
r
,
S
TE
P
G
ND
EC
,
sin
c
e
2
0
1
8
a
n
d
h
a
s
m
e
n
to
re
d
se
v
e
ra
l
su
c
c
e
ss
fu
l
sta
rt
u
p
s.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
l
u
d
e
e
n
e
rg
y
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
a
u
d
it
,
p
o
we
r
q
u
a
li
ty
,
a
n
d
e
n
trep
re
n
e
u
rs
h
ip
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
a
rv
in
d
d
h
in
g
ra
@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.