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lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
s
m
ar
t saf
ety
with
p
ass
wo
r
d
b
ased
GSM
m
o
d
u
le
2.
L
I
T
E
R
AT
U
RE
SU
RVE
Y
A
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
liter
atu
r
e
s
u
r
v
ey
h
as
b
ee
n
co
n
d
u
cted
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
r
esear
c
h
r
elate
d
to
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
is
s
u
r
v
ey
in
clu
d
es
v
ar
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
th
at
f
o
cu
s
o
n
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
asp
ec
t
s
o
f
cir
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
e
r
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
ar
e
s
o
m
e
o
f
th
e
k
ey
r
esear
ch
p
a
p
er
s
th
at
h
av
e
b
ee
n
r
ev
iewe
d
,
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
th
eir
m
et
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
i
es,
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies u
s
ed
,
a
n
d
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
to
th
e
f
ield
.
Kir
ti
et
a
l.
[
1
]
r
e
v
iewe
d
in
p
ap
er
titl
e
“Pass
wo
r
d
b
ased
ci
r
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
er
”
th
at
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
cir
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
er
,
o
n
ly
s
p
ec
if
ie
d
p
ass
wo
r
d
u
s
ed
a
n
d
also
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
o
f
c
h
an
g
in
g
t
h
e
p
ass
wo
r
d
.
Fo
r
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
em
o
r
y
,
8
-
b
it
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
8
0
5
1
f
am
ily
w
h
ich
h
as
an
8
K
B
o
f
R
OM
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
.
Fo
r
p
ass
wo
r
d
en
ter
in
g
m
atr
ix
k
ey
p
a
d
is
in
t
er
f
ac
ed
to
th
e
m
icr
o
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
an
d
r
elay
I
C
d
r
iv
e
r
is
u
s
ed
to
s
witch
th
e
lo
a
d
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
r
elay
s
.
Step
d
o
wn
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
(
2
3
0
/1
2
V)
,
is
u
s
ed
to
d
o
wn
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
to
1
2
V
A
C
an
d
is
co
n
v
er
ted
to
DC
u
s
in
g
a
b
r
id
g
e
r
ec
tifie
r
with
ca
p
ac
itiv
e
f
ilter
f
o
r
r
em
o
v
ed
r
ip
p
les.
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
r
e
g
u
l
ato
r
(
+5
V)
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
an
d
o
th
er
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
Kh
ar
at
et
a
l.
[
2
]
r
ev
iewe
d
in
p
ap
er
titl
e
“I
n
ter
n
et
o
f
th
i
n
g
(
I
o
T)
b
ase
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
an
d
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
cir
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
er
”
th
at
m
o
d
er
n
c
o
n
tr
o
l
ce
n
ter
s
s
y
s
tem
o
p
er
ato
r
s
g
et
alar
m
m
ess
ag
es
f
r
o
m
m
an
y
d
ev
ices
in
r
ea
l
tim
e.
Fro
m
alar
m
s
,
it
is
s
til
l
v
er
y
h
ar
d
t
o
f
in
d
o
u
t
lo
ca
tio
n
a
n
d
ty
p
e
o
f
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
p
r
o
b
lem
.
On
e
n
ee
d
s
an
au
to
m
atic
way
o
f
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
th
e
ev
en
ts
to
id
e
n
tify
wh
eth
er
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
s
o
f
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
o
p
er
atio
n
wer
e
as
ex
p
ec
ted
.
I
n
s
tead
o
f
m
a
n
y
alar
m
m
ess
ag
es,
o
n
ly
o
n
e
r
ep
o
r
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
s
en
t
to
th
e
o
p
er
ato
r
s
with
co
n
cise
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
s
u
cc
ess
o
r
f
ailu
r
e
o
f
a
s
witch
in
g
s
eq
u
en
ce
.
I
n
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
b
r
ea
k
er
,
r
ep
o
r
t
will
o
f
f
er
m
o
r
e
d
etailed
m
ess
ag
e
wh
eth
er
th
e
b
r
ea
k
er
f
ailu
r
e
lo
g
ic
wo
r
k
e
d
o
u
t
p
r
o
p
er
ly
a
n
d
f
in
ally
d
i
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
f
au
lted
s
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
is
k
in
d
o
f
an
aly
s
is
en
ab
les
tr
ac
k
in
g
o
f
ev
er
y
cir
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
e
r
(
CB
)
o
p
er
atio
n
allo
win
g
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
o
f
an
en
tire
s
eq
u
en
ce
o
f
o
p
e
r
atio
n
s
.
I
n
o
u
r
p
r
o
ject
we
s
tu
d
ied
d
esig
n
ed
to
attain
r
ea
l
tim
e
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
cir
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
er
.
Me
asu
r
e
an
d
r
e
co
r
d
lo
a
d
in
g
o
f
y
o
u
r
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
C
B
an
d
p
r
ev
e
n
t
o
v
er
lo
ad
i
n
g
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
wh
o
le
s
y
s
tem
life
.
Nair
et
a
l.
[
3
]
r
ev
iewe
d
i
n
p
ap
er
titl
e
“E
lectr
ic
lin
e
m
a
n
s
af
ety
s
y
s
tem
with
OT
P
b
ased
cir
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
er
”
o
f
I
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
J
o
u
r
n
al
o
f
R
esear
ch
in
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
an
d
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
th
at
f
o
r
lin
em
an
s
af
ety
wh
ile
wo
r
k
in
g
,
s
u
d
d
e
n
elec
tr
ic
s
h
o
c
k
d
o
es
n
o
t
f
ee
l.
T
h
e
c
h
an
ce
s
o
f
cr
itical
ac
cid
e
n
ts
ar
e
alr
ea
d
y
v
er
y
h
ig
h
d
u
e
to
liv
e
wir
es
an
d
p
o
o
r
c
o
o
r
d
in
ati
o
n
b
etwe
en
lin
em
a
n
an
d
s
u
b
s
tatio
n
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
g
iv
es
t
h
e
s
o
l
u
tio
n
f
o
r
s
af
ety
o
f
m
ain
ten
an
ce
s
taf
f
an
d
th
e
lin
em
an
d
etec
t
th
e
f
au
lt
in
th
e
el
ec
tr
ic
lin
e
b
y
SMS
will
b
e
s
e
n
t
to
th
e
s
u
b
s
tatio
n
s
taf
f
f
o
r
s
witch
o
f
f
/
o
n
th
e
li
n
e
an
d
f
u
lly
o
p
e
r
ated
o
n
a
m
icr
o
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
.
1
3
V1
1
V0
Reg
u
l
at
o
r
L
CD
D
i
s
p
l
ay
2
3
0
V
t
o
1
2
V
Po
w
er Su
p
p
l
y
A
d
ap
t
o
r
AC S
uppl
y
MATR
I
X
KE
Y
B
OA
R
D
A
B
C
D
P
CS
PD
0
PD
1
PD
2
PD
3
PD
4
VCC
GN
D
PB
8
PB
7
PB
6
PB
5
PB
4
PB
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
P
C5
PD
4
PD
3
PD
2
PD
1
PD
0
GN
D
AR
E
F
AVCC
PB
5
PB
4
PB
3
PB
2
PB
1
I
N
1
I
N
2
I
N
3
I
N
4
I
N
5
I
N
6
I
N
7
GND
OUT
1
OUT
2
OUT
3
OUT
4
OUT
5
OUT
6
OUT
7
COM
UL
N2003
R
e
la
y
s
R
e
la
y
s
R
e
la
y
s
R
el
ay
D
r
i
v
er
I
C
L
O
AD
L
O
AD
L
O
AD
B
uz
z
e
r
Micr
oc
ontroll
e
r
GSM
Mo
dule
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
Ha
r
d
w
a
r
e
imp
leme
n
ta
tio
n
o
f sa
fety
s
ma
r
t p
a
s
s
w
o
r
d
b
a
s
ed
GS
M mo
d
u
le
…
(
R
a
ke
s
h
G.
S
h
r
iw
a
s
ta
va
)
443
3.
P
RO
B
L
E
M
ST
A
T
E
M
E
NT
B
ased
o
n
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
,
th
e
k
ey
p
r
o
b
lem
a
r
ea
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
id
en
tifie
d
.
On
e
m
ajo
r
co
n
ce
r
n
is
p
r
ev
en
tin
g
u
n
au
t
h
o
r
ized
ac
ce
s
s
an
d
ac
cid
en
tal
ac
tiv
atio
n
o
f
cir
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
er
s
to
m
itig
ate
elec
tr
ical
h
az
ar
d
s
an
d
en
s
u
r
e
s
af
e
wo
r
k
in
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
p
e
r
s
o
n
n
el.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
en
h
an
cin
g
s
af
ety
f
o
r
lin
e
wo
r
k
er
s
d
u
r
in
g
m
ain
ten
an
ce
is
cr
u
cial
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
cir
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
er
s
r
em
ai
n
d
ea
ctiv
ated
u
n
til
task
s
ar
e
co
m
p
leted
,
r
e
d
u
cin
g
th
e
r
is
k
o
f
elec
tr
ical
s
h
o
ck
s
o
r
in
ju
r
ies.
An
o
t
h
er
cr
itical
is
s
u
e
is
p
r
o
tectin
g
s
en
s
itiv
e
eq
u
i
p
m
en
t
an
d
s
y
s
tem
s
f
r
o
m
u
n
au
th
o
r
ized
tam
p
er
in
g
to
s
ec
u
r
e
cr
itical
in
f
r
astru
ct
u
r
e
an
d
p
r
e
v
en
t p
o
ten
tial d
am
a
g
e
o
r
d
is
r
u
p
tio
n
s
.
4.
O
B
J
E
CT
I
V
E
S O
F
P
RO
J
E
C
T
T
h
e
o
b
jectiv
es
o
f
th
is
p
r
o
ject
f
o
cu
s
o
n
e
n
h
an
ci
n
g
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
en
ab
lin
g
r
em
o
te
co
n
tr
o
l,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
r
ed
u
cin
g
co
s
ts
,
an
d
en
s
u
r
in
g
s
ea
m
less
s
y
s
t
em
in
teg
r
atio
n
.
E
n
h
an
ce
d
s
ec
u
r
ity
is
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
p
r
ev
en
tin
g
u
n
au
t
h
o
r
ized
ac
ce
s
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
ass
wo
r
d
p
r
o
tectio
n
,
s
af
eg
u
ar
d
i
n
g
ag
ain
s
t
tam
p
e
r
in
g
an
d
ac
cid
en
tal
ac
tiv
atio
n
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
in
h
az
ar
d
o
u
s
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
,
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
elec
tr
ical
s
af
ety
f
o
r
p
er
s
o
n
n
el.
R
em
o
te
co
n
tr
o
l
allo
ws
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
th
e
cir
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
e
r
f
r
o
m
an
y
lo
ca
tio
n
with
GSM
co
v
er
ag
e,
f
ac
ilit
atin
g
tr
o
u
b
lesh
o
o
ti
n
g
,
m
ai
n
ten
an
ce
,
an
d
lo
a
d
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
with
o
u
t
r
eq
u
ir
i
n
g
p
h
y
s
ical
p
r
esen
c
e,
th
er
eb
y
o
f
f
er
in
g
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
an
d
co
n
v
en
ien
ce
.
R
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
en
ab
les
tr
ac
k
in
g
o
f
th
e
cir
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
e
r
’
s
s
tatu
s
,
r
ec
eiv
in
g
aler
ts
f
o
r
u
n
au
t
h
o
r
ized
ac
ce
s
s
attem
p
ts
o
r
ab
n
o
r
m
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
an
d
im
p
le
m
en
tin
g
p
r
ev
e
n
tiv
e
m
ea
s
u
r
es
f
o
r
p
r
o
m
p
t r
esp
o
n
s
es.
C
o
s
t r
ed
u
ct
io
n
is
ad
d
r
ess
ed
b
y
m
in
im
izin
g
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
m
an
u
al
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
an
d
s
ite
v
is
it
s
,
r
ed
u
cin
g
tr
av
el
e
x
p
en
s
es,
an
d
o
p
tim
izin
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
al
lo
ca
tio
n
.
Fin
ally
,
s
y
s
tem
i
n
teg
r
atio
n
e
n
s
u
r
es
co
m
p
atib
ilit
y
with
o
th
er
s
y
s
tem
s
,
s
u
ch
as
h
o
m
e
au
to
m
ati
o
n
an
d
b
u
ild
in
g
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t
,
f
o
s
ter
in
g
a
m
o
r
e
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
an
d
e
f
f
icien
t s
m
ar
t e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
5.
M
E
T
H
O
DO
L
O
G
Y
5
.
1
.
E
x
is
t
ing
m
e
t
ho
ds
I
n
ex
is
tin
g
m
eth
o
d
,
a
lin
e
m
a
n
n
ee
d
s
t
o
v
is
it
p
o
wer
s
tatio
n
an
d
in
f
o
r
m
t
h
e
in
c
h
ar
g
e
t
o
ON/OFF.
T
h
en
s
tatio
n
in
ch
a
r
g
e
ca
n
b
e
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
to
s
tatio
n
o
p
er
ato
r
an
d
af
te
r
th
e
o
f
f
icial
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
th
e
lin
e
will
b
e
ON/OFF.
B
u
t
th
ese
m
eth
o
d
s
wer
e
s
o
o
l
d
.
T
h
e
r
e
ar
e
th
e
af
ter
latest
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
g
iv
e
th
e
p
ass
wo
r
d
b
ase
m
eth
o
d
o
r
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
ts
s
ca
n
n
er
m
eth
o
d
s
o
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
t
y
p
es
o
f
m
eth
o
d
to
o
p
er
ated
b
u
t
s
o
m
etim
e
lo
s
s
co
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
lo
s
t
s
ig
n
al
o
r
u
n
s
k
illed
wo
r
k
er
th
r
o
u
g
h
lik
ely
n
o
t
p
r
o
p
er
l
y
co
m
m
u
n
icatin
g
s
o
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
s
y
s
tem
g
iv
e
s
u
r
ety
o
f
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
cir
c
u
it b
r
ea
k
er
f
u
lly
s
ec
u
r
ity
b
ase
d
ON/OFF.
5
.
2
.
P
r
o
po
s
ed
m
et
ho
do
lo
g
y
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
a
s
o
lu
tio
n
to
en
s
u
r
e
wo
r
k
er
an
d
s
af
ety
.
T
h
e
l
in
e
ON/OFF
co
n
tr
o
l
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
o
n
l
y
b
y
th
e
lin
e
o
p
e
r
ato
r
.
T
h
is
s
y
s
tem
is
d
esig
n
ed
to
r
e
q
u
ir
e
a
p
ass
wo
r
d
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
cir
c
u
it
b
r
ea
k
er
O
N/OFF.
T
h
e
lin
em
an
ca
n
s
witch
o
f
f
th
e
p
o
wer
an
d
m
ak
e
r
ep
air
s
co
m
f
o
r
ta
b
ly
,
an
d
ca
n
also
tu
r
n
th
e
lin
e
b
ac
k
o
n
b
y
e
n
ter
in
g
th
e
c
o
r
r
ec
t
p
ass
wo
r
d
af
ter
r
et
u
r
n
in
g
to
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
tatio
n
.
Sin
ce
y
o
u
ca
n
ch
a
n
g
e
y
o
u
r
p
ass
wo
r
d
,
y
o
u
ca
n
s
et
y
o
u
r
d
esire
d
p
ass
wo
r
d
an
d
wo
r
k
m
o
r
e
s
af
el
y
.
I
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
,
co
n
tr
o
l
(
ON/OFF)
o
f
th
e
wir
e
is
ass
ig
n
ed
to
th
e
lin
e
o
p
e
r
ato
r
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ject
is
d
esi
g
n
ed
in
s
u
c
h
a
way
th
at
m
ain
ten
an
ce
p
er
s
o
n
n
el
o
r
lin
em
en
m
u
s
t
en
ter
a
p
ass
wo
r
d
to
tu
r
n
th
e
wir
e
o
n
o
r
o
f
f
.
No
w,
if
th
er
e
is
a
p
r
o
b
lem
with
th
e
wir
e,
t
h
e
lin
em
an
en
ter
s
th
e
p
ass
wo
r
d
to
cu
t
o
f
f
th
e
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
lie
d
to
th
e
lin
e
a
n
d
r
ep
air
s
th
e
lin
e
co
m
f
o
r
tab
ly
.
W
h
en
th
e
lin
em
an
ar
r
iv
es
at
th
e
s
u
b
s
ta
tio
n
,
th
e
lin
em
an
s
u
p
p
lies
p
o
wer
to
th
e
lin
e.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ject
u
s
es
a
4
×
3
k
ey
b
o
ar
d
t
o
en
ter
th
e
p
ass
wo
r
d
.
C
o
m
p
ar
e
th
e
en
ter
ed
p
ass
wo
r
d
with
t
h
e
p
r
eset
p
ass
wo
r
d
.
I
f
th
e
en
ter
ed
p
ass
wo
r
d
is
co
r
r
ec
t,
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
wir
e
will
tu
r
n
o
n
o
r
o
f
f
.
I
n
th
is
p
r
o
ject,
ea
ch
wir
e
h
as
a
s
ep
ar
ate
p
ass
wo
r
d
.
Switch
in
g
o
n
an
d
o
f
f
a
lin
e
(
cir
c
u
it b
r
ea
k
er
)
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
a
l
o
ad
.
5
.
2
.
1
.
Co
m
po
nents
d
escript
i
o
n
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
ar
e
t
h
e
d
escr
i
p
tio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
k
e
y
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
u
s
ed
in
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
ly
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
th
at
co
n
v
er
ts
elec
tr
icity
b
etwe
en
d
if
f
er
en
t
v
o
ltag
e
lev
els.
T
h
e
A
C
an
d
DC
v
o
ltag
e
s
ar
e
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
co
n
v
er
tin
g
an
d
co
m
b
i
n
in
g
t
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
s
,
allo
win
g
elec
tr
icity
to
b
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
ed
f
r
o
m
h
ig
h
to
lo
w
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
v
ice
v
er
s
a.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
r
eq
u
ir
es
p
o
wer
t
o
o
p
er
ate
,
with
th
e
m
ic
r
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
p
ec
if
ically
n
ee
d
in
g
5
V
DC
,
wh
ich
is
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
r
ec
tify
in
g
,
f
ilter
in
g
,
an
d
r
eg
u
latin
g
th
e
in
co
m
i
n
g
AC
cu
r
r
en
t
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
7
8
0
5
I
C
.
T
h
e
r
elay
is
a
n
elec
tr
ically
o
p
er
ate
d
s
witch
th
at
c
h
an
g
es
its
co
n
tact
p
o
s
itio
n
s
wh
en
cu
r
r
en
t
f
lo
ws
th
r
o
u
g
h
its
co
il,
g
en
er
atin
g
a
m
ag
n
etic
f
ield
th
at
attr
ac
ts
a
lev
er
.
I
t h
as two
s
witch
p
o
s
itio
n
s
an
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
as a
d
o
u
b
le
-
t
h
r
o
w
(
ch
a
n
g
eo
v
er
)
s
witch
.
T
h
e
b
u
zz
er
is
a
s
m
all,
en
clo
s
ed
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
m
o
u
n
ted
o
n
a
p
r
in
ted
cir
cu
it
b
o
ar
d
.
I
t
o
p
e
r
ates
o
n
DC
v
o
ltag
e,
ty
p
ically
r
a
n
g
in
g
f
r
o
m
3
V
to
2
8
V,
d
ep
e
n
d
in
g
o
n
th
e
m
o
d
el.
T
h
e
Mic
r
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
AT
m
e
g
a3
2
8
P
is
an
8
-
b
it
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
with
3
2
KB
o
f
o
n
-
ch
ip
f
lash
m
em
o
r
y
f
o
r
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
in
g
.
I
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
o
n
e
tim
e
p
ass
wo
r
d
(
OT
P
)
g
en
er
atio
n
an
d
d
eter
m
in
es
wh
eth
er
to
s
witch
th
e
r
elay
b
ased
o
n
p
ass
wo
r
d
v
e
r
if
icatio
n
.
Fin
ally
,
t
h
e
GSM
m
o
d
e
m
o
p
er
ates
wir
eless
ly
o
n
a
GSM
n
etwo
r
k
an
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2
2
5
2
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8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
2
5
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1
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4
48
444
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
s
im
ilar
ly
to
d
ial
-
u
p
m
o
d
em
s
.
I
t
en
a
b
les
d
ata
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
v
ia
r
ad
i
o
wav
es
a
n
d
r
eq
u
ir
es
a
SIM
ca
r
d
f
o
r
o
p
er
atio
n
,
allo
win
g
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
with
GSM
p
h
o
n
es a
n
d
o
th
e
r
GSM
-
en
ab
led
d
ev
ice
s
.
5
.
2
.
2
.
O
pera
t
io
n o
f
a
rc
hite
ct
ure
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
ar
ch
itectu
r
al
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
"Sm
ar
t
s
af
ety
with
p
as
s
wo
r
d
-
b
ased
GSM
m
o
d
u
le
co
n
t
r
o
llin
g
cir
c
u
it
b
r
ea
k
er
.
"
W
e
d
ev
is
ed
a
s
y
s
tem
th
at
r
eq
u
i
r
es
th
e
lin
em
an
t
o
tr
an
s
m
it
th
e
OT
P
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
at
1
2
3
4
.
T
h
is
f
o
r
m
at
is
u
s
ed
to
r
ep
r
esen
t
an
OT
P.
T
h
e
d
ea
ctiv
atio
n
f
ee
d
er
n
u
m
b
er
s
1
,
2
,
a
n
d
3
a
r
e
wh
er
e
th
e
y
s
tan
d
.
A
lin
e
m
a
n
n
ee
d
s
to
g
en
er
ate
a
f
o
u
r
-
d
ig
it
p
ass
wo
r
d
th
at'
s
p
r
o
tecte
d
.
T
h
e
s
am
e
t
h
in
g
h
ap
p
en
s
wh
en
a
lin
em
an
n
ee
d
s
to
s
en
d
th
e
s
am
e
p
ass
wo
r
d
in
'
1
2
3
4
'
to
ac
tiv
ate
th
e
f
ee
d
er
.
T
h
e
f
o
u
r
-
d
ig
it
n
u
m
b
er
m
u
s
t m
atch
to
ac
tiv
ate
th
e
lin
e
th
at
h
as b
ee
n
d
is
ab
le
d
.
W
h
en
th
e
u
tili
ty
wo
r
k
er
tr
an
s
m
its
th
is
d
ata
v
ia
tex
t
m
es
s
ag
e
to
th
e
p
o
wer
s
tatio
n
wh
er
e
th
e
GSM
m
o
d
u
le
is
in
s
talled
,
th
e
m
ain
au
th
o
r
ity
will
r
ec
ei
v
e
a
n
o
th
e
r
m
ess
ag
e
at
th
e
s
am
e
tim
e
c
o
n
tain
in
g
th
e
latest
L
C
'
s
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
,
in
o
r
d
er
to
a
v
o
id
d
if
f
ic
u
lties
in
ca
s
e
th
e
u
tili
ty
wo
r
k
er
f
o
r
g
ets
th
e
p
a
s
s
wo
r
d
o
r
lo
s
es
th
e
p
ass
wo
r
d
,
as
well
as
to
s
av
e
th
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
s
.
T
h
e
lin
em
an
ca
n
'
t
d
o
th
is
with
o
u
t
th
e
b
o
s
s
'
s
b
less
in
g
.
E
v
en
th
o
u
g
h
h
e'
s
tr
y
in
g
to
ch
ar
g
e
th
e
lin
e
with
o
u
t
n
o
tif
y
in
g
th
e
o
p
er
ato
r
,
h
e'
s
g
o
in
g
to
g
et
c
au
g
h
t
b
ec
a
u
s
e
th
e
o
p
er
ato
r
'
s
n
u
m
b
er
will b
e
f
ed
i
n
to
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
,
g
i
v
in
g
th
e
m
h
is
co
m
p
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atch
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a
rc
h
a
r
e
a
s
a
re
VA
NET,
m
a
c
h
in
e
lea
rn
in
g
,
a
n
d
in
tern
e
t
o
f
th
in
g
s
e
lec
tro
n
ics
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
.
S
h
e
h
a
s p
u
b
li
s
h
e
d
se
v
e
ra
l
p
a
p
e
rs i
n
re
p
u
ted
in
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
fe
re
n
c
e
s
a
n
d
jo
u
rn
a
ls.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
i
n
tere
sts
in
c
l
u
d
e
sig
n
a
l
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
a
n
d
C
M
OS
VLS
I
d
e
sig
n
.
S
h
e
h
a
s
se
v
e
ra
l
p
u
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
in
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
in
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
j
o
u
r
n
a
ls.
S
h
e
a
tt
e
n
d
e
d
in
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
fe
re
n
c
e
s.
Sh
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
sw
a
p
n
a
2
k
1
1
@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Pro
f.
Dr
.
Ra
m
e
sh
K
.
R
a
th
o
d
wo
r
k
i
n
g
a
s
a
n
a
ss
o
c
iate
p
r
o
fe
ss
o
r
i
n
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
t
P
CET
’s
P
imp
ri
C
h
in
c
h
wa
d
Co
ll
e
g
e
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Re
se
a
rc
h
,
Ra
v
e
t,
P
u
n
e
(
M
.
S
.
),
h
a
s
a
b
o
u
t
2
3
y
e
a
rs
o
f
tea
c
h
in
g
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
a
t
th
e
u
n
d
e
r
g
ra
d
u
a
te
a
n
d
p
o
stg
ra
d
u
a
te
lev
e
ls.
He
wa
s
a
wa
rd
e
d
P
h
.
D.
i
n
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
fro
m
Ra
sh
tras
a
n
t
Tu
k
a
d
o
ji
M
a
h
a
ra
j
Na
g
p
u
r
U
n
iv
e
rsit
y
.
He
h
a
s
fi
led
3
p
a
ten
ts,
2
c
o
p
y
ri
g
h
ts
,
p
u
b
li
sh
e
d
m
o
re
t
h
a
n
1
2
re
se
a
rc
h
p
a
p
e
rs
in
re
p
u
te
d
j
o
u
r
n
a
ls,
a
n
d
a
tt
e
n
d
e
d
1
0
in
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
fe
re
n
c
e
s.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
ra
m
e
sh
.
ra
th
o
d
@p
c
c
o
e
r.
i
n
.
Pro
f.
Dr
.
S
h
a
m
H
.
M
a
n
k
a
r
wo
rk
i
n
g
a
s
a
n
a
ss
o
c
iate
p
ro
fe
ss
o
r
in
t
h
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
t
P
CET
’s
P
imp
ri
Ch
i
n
c
h
wa
d
C
o
ll
e
g
e
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Re
se
a
rc
h
,
Ra
v
e
t,
P
u
n
e
(M
.
S
.
),
h
a
s
a
b
o
u
t
2
2
y
e
a
rs
o
f
tea
c
h
in
g
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
a
t
t
h
e
u
n
d
e
r
g
ra
d
u
a
te
a
n
d
p
o
stg
ra
d
u
a
te
lev
e
ls.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
P
h
.
D.
in
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
fro
m
S
a
n
t
G
a
d
g
e
Ba
b
a
Am
ra
v
a
ti
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
Am
ra
v
a
ti
.
He
h
a
s fi
led
4
p
a
ten
ts
,
2
c
o
p
y
rig
h
ts,
a
n
d
1
g
ra
n
te
d
p
a
ten
t
o
n
h
is
n
a
m
e
,
p
u
b
li
sh
e
d
m
o
re
th
a
n
1
9
re
se
a
rc
h
p
a
p
e
rs
i
n
re
p
u
te
d
j
o
u
r
n
a
ls,
a
n
d
a
tt
e
n
d
e
d
1
4
in
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
fe
re
n
c
e
s.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
s
h
a
m
.
m
a
n
k
a
r@p
c
c
o
e
r.
in
.
Dr
.
H
e
m
a
n
t
R.
Bh
a
g
a
t
Pa
ti
l
o
b
tai
n
e
d
M
a
ste
r
a
n
d
P
h
.
D
.
d
e
g
r
e
e
s
in
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
fr
o
m
RTM
NU
,
Na
g
p
u
r
(In
d
ia).
He
o
c
c
u
p
ied
v
a
ri
o
u
s
p
o
siti
o
n
s
t
o
se
rv
e
th
e
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
stit
u
tes
f
o
r
a
b
o
u
t
2
2
y
e
a
rs.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
wo
r
k
i
n
g
a
s
a
n
a
ss
o
c
iate
p
r
o
fe
ss
o
r
i
n
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l,
G
o
v
in
d
ra
o
Wan
jari
Co
ll
e
g
e
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
Na
g
p
u
r.
He
a
tt
e
n
d
e
d
i
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
fe
re
n
c
e
s.
He
i
s
a
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
p
ro
fe
ss
io
n
a
l
b
o
d
ies
su
c
h
a
s IS
T
E.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
h
e
m
a
n
t_
b
p
@y
a
h
o
o
.
c
o
m
.
Dr
.
S
a
li
m
A.
Ch
a
v
a
n
re
c
e
iv
e
d
B
.
E
.
d
e
g
re
e
fr
o
m
G
o
v
e
rn
m
e
n
t
Co
ll
e
g
e
o
f
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
S
G
B
Am
ra
v
a
ti
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
Am
ra
v
a
ti
,
i
n
1
9
9
0
a
n
d
M
.
E.
d
e
g
re
e
fro
m
S
G
B
Am
ra
v
a
ti
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
Am
ra
v
a
ti
,
in
2
0
0
8
,
a
ll
in
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Tele
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
.
He
h
a
s
d
o
n
e
h
is
P
h
.
D.
i
n
Vid
e
o
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
(E
T
C)
fro
m
S
a
n
t
G
a
d
g
e
B
a
b
a
Am
ra
v
a
ti
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
Am
ra
v
a
ti
in
2
0
1
7
.
He
o
c
c
u
p
ied
v
a
ri
o
u
s
p
o
sit
io
n
s
to
se
rv
e
t
h
e
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
stit
u
tes
f
o
r
a
b
o
u
t
3
3
y
e
a
rs.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
wo
rk
in
g
a
s
p
ro
fe
ss
o
r
in
t
h
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
T
e
lec
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
G
o
v
in
d
ra
o
Wa
n
jari
Co
ll
e
g
e
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
a
n
d
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
Na
g
p
u
r
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
st
is
i
n
c
o
m
m
u
tati
o
n
s
y
ste
m
.
He
a
tt
e
n
d
e
d
in
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
fe
re
n
c
e
s.
He
is
a
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
p
ro
fe
ss
io
n
a
l
b
o
d
ies
IS
T
E.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
at
e
m
a
il
:
sa
li
m
sa
h
il
9
7
@re
d
iffma
il
.
c
o
m
.
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