I
AE
S In
t
er
na
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Art
if
icia
l In
t
ellig
ence
(
I
J
-
AI
)
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
202
1
,
p
p
.
8
8
9
~
9
0
0
I
SS
N:
2
2
5
2
-
8938
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/i
j
ai.
v
10
.i
4
.
p
p
8
8
9
-
900
889
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
a
i
.
ia
esco
r
e.
co
m
Facia
l e
m
o
tion re
co
g
nition
using
d
eep conv
o
lutiona
l neural
netw
o
rk
and s
m
o
o
thing,
m
ix
tur
e f
i
lters applied
duri
ng
prepro
cess
ing
sta
g
e
P
ra
g
ny
a
ba
n
M
is
hra
,
P
.
V
.
V
.
S
.
Srini
v
a
s
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
CS
E,
Ko
n
e
ru
L
a
k
s
h
m
a
iah
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
F
o
u
n
d
a
ti
o
n
,
Va
d
d
e
sw
a
r
a
m
,
G
u
n
tu
r
Distr
ict,
A
n
d
h
ra
P
ra
d
e
s
h
,
I
n
d
ia
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Oct
2
0
,
2
0
2
0
R
ev
i
s
ed
Sep
1
8
,
2
0
2
1
A
cc
ep
ted
Oct
1
,
2021
T
h
e
f
a
c
ial
e
m
o
ti
o
n
re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
b
y
th
e
m
a
c
h
in
e
is
a
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
in
g
tas
k
.
F
ro
m
d
e
c
a
d
e
s,
re
se
a
r
c
h
e
rs
a
p
p
li
e
d
d
if
fe
re
n
t
m
e
th
o
d
s
to
c
las
sify
fa
c
ial
e
m
o
ti
o
n
in
t
o
th
e
d
if
f
e
r
e
n
t
c
las
se
s.
T
h
e
e
x
p
a
n
si
o
n
o
f
a
rti
f
icia
l
in
telli
g
e
n
c
e
in
a
f
o
rm
o
f
d
e
e
p
c
o
n
v
o
lu
ti
o
n
a
l
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
tw
o
rk
(CNN
)
c
h
a
n
g
e
d
th
e
d
irec
ti
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
re
se
a
rc
h
.
T
h
e
f
a
c
i
a
l
e
m
o
ti
o
n
re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
u
sin
g
d
e
e
p
CNN
is p
o
we
r
f
u
l
in
term
s o
f
tak
in
g
b
u
lk
in
p
u
t
im
a
g
e
s
f
o
r
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
a
n
d
c
las
sify
w
it
h
h
ig
h
a
c
c
u
ra
c
y
.
It
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
n
o
ti
c
e
d
i
n
a
f
e
w
c
a
se
s
th
e
c
la
s
sif
ica
ti
o
n
m
o
d
e
l
d
o
e
s
n
o
t
j
u
d
g
e
th
e
f
a
c
ial
im
a
g
e
s
i
n
to
a
p
p
r
o
p
riate
c
las
se
s
d
u
e
to
th
e
i
n
f
lu
e
n
c
e
o
f
n
o
ise
s.
S
o
,
it
is
h
ig
h
ly
re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
e
d
to
a
p
p
ly
a
n
o
ise
les
s
i
m
a
g
e
to
th
e
f
a
c
ial
e
m
o
ti
o
n
re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
m
o
d
e
l
f
o
r
c
las
sif
i
c
a
ti
o
n
.
W
e
a
d
o
p
ted
a
m
e
c
h
a
n
is
m
a
n
d
p
ro
p
o
se
d
a
m
o
d
e
l
f
o
r
c
las
si
fy
in
g
f
a
c
ial
i
m
a
g
e
in
to
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
se
v
e
n
c
las
se
s
w
it
h
h
ig
h
a
c
c
u
ra
c
y
.
T
h
e
im
a
g
e
s
a
re
s
m
o
o
th
e
d
b
e
f
o
re
a
p
p
ly
in
g
to
th
e
m
o
d
e
l
b
y
d
iff
e
r
e
n
t
s
m
o
o
th
i
n
g
p
ro
c
e
ss
a
s
p
a
rt
o
f
i
m
a
g
e
p
re
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
.
W
e
c
lai
m
f
a
c
ial
e
m
o
ti
o
n
re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
w
it
h
i
m
a
g
e
s
m
o
o
th
in
g
b
y
d
iff
e
r
e
n
t
f
il
ters
o
r
a
m
i
x
tu
re
o
f
f
il
ter
a
r
e
m
o
re
ro
b
u
st
th
a
n
w
it
h
o
u
t
p
re
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
.
T
h
e
d
e
tail
is ex
p
lain
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
su
b
se
q
u
e
n
t
se
c
ti
o
n
s
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
C
las
s
i
f
icatio
n
Dee
p
co
n
v
o
lu
tio
n
al
n
e
u
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
Facial
e
m
o
tio
n
r
ec
o
g
n
it
io
n
I
m
ag
e
s
m
o
o
th
in
g
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r
th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
P
r
ag
n
y
ab
an
M
is
h
r
a
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t o
f
C
SE
Ko
n
er
u
L
ak
s
h
m
aia
h
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
Fo
u
n
d
atio
n
Vad
d
es
w
ar
a
m
,
Gu
n
t
u
r
Dis
tr
ic
t,
An
d
h
r
a
P
r
ad
esh
,
I
n
d
ia,
5
2
2
5
0
1
E
m
ail:
p
r
ag
n
y
ab
a
n
@
k
l
u
n
iv
er
s
it
y
.
i
n
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
I
m
ag
e
is
a
s
et
o
f
p
i
x
els,
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
t
h
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
(
,
)
s
u
c
h
t
h
at,
∈
(
−
)
an
d
∈
(
−
)
o
f
an
i
m
a
g
e
h
av
in
g
t
h
e
s
ca
lar
q
u
an
ti
t
y
,
i
s
eq
u
i
v
ale
n
t
to
t
h
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
r
ad
iated
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
lace
i
m
ag
e
i
s
tak
en
.
Su
p
p
o
s
e
(
,
)
d
esig
n
ates
a
n
i
m
a
g
e
o
f
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
v
ar
iab
les
w
h
ic
h
i
s
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
d
ig
ital
i
m
ag
e
i
n
a
f
o
r
m
o
f
(
,
)
w
h
er
e
∈
{
0
,
1
,
2
,
.
.
,
M
−
1
}
an
d
∈
{
0
,
1
,
2
,
.
.
,
N
−
1
}
Her
e
M,
N
ar
e
th
e
len
g
t
h
a
n
d
b
r
ea
d
th
o
f
th
e
d
i
g
ital
i
m
ag
e.
Fo
llo
w
i
n
g
i
s
t
h
e
m
atr
ix
r
ep
r
esen
tat
io
n
o
f
ab
o
v
e
i
m
ag
e
d
ef
in
i
tio
n
i
n
(
1
)
:
(
,
)
=
(
(
0
,
0
)
⋯
(
0
,
−
1
)
⋮
⋱
⋮
(
−
1
,
0
)
⋯
(
−
1
,
−
1
)
)
(
1
)
Her
e,
ea
ch
o
f
(
,
)
r
ep
r
es
en
ts
s
p
atiall
y
to
a
p
ix
el
o
f
(
,
)
.
Fo
r
ev
er
y
p
ix
el
(
,
)
s
u
c
h
th
at
0
≤
,
≤
,
.
T
h
e
f
o
u
r
n
ei
g
h
b
o
r
in
g
p
ix
els
o
f
a
n
y
o
f
t
h
e
p
ix
els
(
,
)
ar
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8938
I
n
t J
A
r
ti
f
I
n
tell
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
202
1
:
8
8
9
-
900
890
(
+
1
,
)
,
(
−
1
,
)
,
(
,
+
1
)
,
(
,
−
1
)
.
Of
te
n
,
t
h
e
i
m
ag
e
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
an
al
y
ze
d
i
n
tr
u
e
s
e
n
s
e
d
u
e
to
its
b
ad
q
u
alit
y
a
n
d
a
m
o
u
n
t o
f
th
e
n
o
is
e
p
r
esen
t [
1
]
.
T
h
e
co
r
r
u
p
ted
i
m
ag
e
i
s
p
r
esen
ted
as (
2
)
:
(
,
)
=
(
,
)
+
(
,
)
(
2
)
w
h
er
e
(
,
)
: N
o
is
eles
s
i
m
ag
e
a
n
d
(
,
)
: N
o
is
es p
r
esen
t i
n
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
n
o
is
e
co
r
r
u
p
t
s
p
ar
tiall
y
o
r
in
a
r
eg
u
lar
l
y
at
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
o
r
tio
n
s
o
f
th
e
i
m
a
g
e.
A
s
a
r
esu
lt,
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
m
a
y
n
o
t
b
e
i
n
a
tr
u
e
s
en
s
e.
Fo
r
r
ec
o
v
er
y
,
th
e
q
u
al
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
n
o
is
e
i
m
a
g
e
f
ilter
i
n
g
is
u
s
ed
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
[
2
]
th
er
e
ar
e
s
ev
er
al
f
ilter
s
li
k
e
a
v
er
ag
e,
m
ed
ian
,
g
au
s
s
ia
n
,
an
d
b
ilater
al
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
s
m
o
o
th
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e.
I
n
th
is
s
it
u
atio
n
t
h
e
co
n
v
o
l
u
tio
n
is
u
s
ed
an
d
i
s
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
o
p
er
ato
r
⊛
ap
p
lied
o
n
(
,
)
w
it
h
th
e
i
m
p
u
l
s
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
(
,
)
cr
ea
te
s
m
o
o
t
h
i
m
a
g
e
ℎ
(
,
)
ex
p
lain
ed
as (
3
)
.
ℎ
(
,
)
=
(
,
)
⊛
(
,
)
=
∫
∫
(
′
,
′
)
(
−
′
,
−
′
)
′
′
+
∞
−
∞
+
∞
−
∞
(
3
)
ℎ
[
,
]
=
[
,
]
⊛
[
,
]
(
4
)
T
h
e
h
u
m
a
n
f
ac
e
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
s
o
m
e
s
e
n
s
ib
le
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
w
h
ic
h
ch
a
n
g
e
s
f
r
o
m
ti
m
e
to
ti
m
e
[
3
]
w
it
h
ex
ter
n
al
o
r
in
ter
n
al
i
n
f
lu
e
n
ce
.
I
n
th
i
s
ar
ticle
w
e
h
a
v
e
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
e
f
ac
ia
l
e
m
o
tio
n
r
ec
o
g
n
i
tio
n
m
o
d
el
b
y
ap
p
ly
i
n
g
ar
ti
f
icial
in
telli
g
en
c
e.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
to
t
h
is
m
o
d
el
is
f
il
ter
ed
b
y
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
f
il
ter
s
a
s
a
p
ar
t
o
f
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
th
at
lead
b
y
h
i
g
h
er
ac
cu
r
ac
y
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
o
u
t
s
m
o
o
t
h
in
g
.
T
h
e
f
ac
ial
e
m
o
tio
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
b
eg
in
s
f
r
o
m
Dar
w
in
,
[
4
]
s
aid
th
er
e
ar
e
4
0
h
u
m
a
n
e
x
p
r
ess
io
n
s
cu
r
v
es
a
h
u
m
a
n
f
ac
e
p
o
s
e
s
af
ter
p
er
ce
iv
i
n
g
in
p
u
t
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
T
h
e
ac
tio
n
u
n
it
s
[
5
]
,
[
6
]
o
f
th
e
f
ac
e
ar
e
th
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
ta
l
u
n
it
o
f
th
e
ex
p
r
es
s
io
n
w
h
ic
h
co
n
tai
n
s
e
n
s
i
tiv
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
.
C
o
n
v
o
lu
tio
n
al
n
eu
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
(
C
NN)
co
n
s
is
t
o
f
co
n
v
o
lu
tio
n
al
la
y
er
,
p
o
o
lin
g
lay
er
an
d
f
u
ll
y
co
n
n
ec
ted
n
et
w
o
r
k
[
7
]
is
th
e
m
o
s
t
i
n
t
er
esti
n
g
to
o
l
an
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
t
h
at,
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
p
r
o
m
i
s
i
n
g
r
es
u
lt
[
8
]
f
o
r
an
y
h
i
g
h
-
lev
el
s
cie
n
ti
f
ic
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
C
o
n
v
o
lu
tio
n
al
n
e
u
r
al
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
ar
e
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
f
o
r
f
ac
ial
e
m
o
tio
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
th
at
w
e
ap
p
lied
in
th
e
u
n
d
er
d
escr
ib
ed
r
esear
ch
,
b
u
t
a
ls
o
i
n
s
ev
er
al
c
lass
if
icatio
n
s
s
u
c
h
as
h
u
m
a
n
d
is
ea
s
e
cla
s
s
i
f
icatio
n
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
2
]
,
an
d
pl
an
t
d
is
ea
s
e
cla
s
s
i
f
icatio
n
[
1
3
]
.
B
ef
o
r
e
d
e
ep
C
NN
q
u
ite
p
o
p
u
lar
,
th
e
i
m
a
g
e
cla
s
s
i
f
icatio
n
u
s
es
a
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
i
n
g
al
g
o
r
it
h
m
s
an
d
m
eth
o
d
s
to
cla
s
s
i
f
y
i
n
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
l
ik
e
b
r
ain
tu
m
o
r
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
,
P
lan
t
d
is
ea
s
e
[
1
6
]
,
[
1
7
]
an
d
o
th
er
[
1
8
]
,
[
1
9
]
.
W
e
h
av
e
ad
o
p
ted
a
d
ee
p
C
NN
in
o
u
r
r
esear
ch
.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
t
o
th
e
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
is
p
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
f
ac
ial
i
m
a
g
e
w
h
ic
h
i
s
f
il
ter
ed
b
y
v
ar
io
u
s
f
ilter
s
[
2
0
]
as
a
r
esu
lt
t
h
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
th
e
i
m
a
g
e
is
e
n
h
a
n
ce
d
.
Fil
ter
s
h
av
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
m
ea
s
u
r
es
f
o
r
s
m
o
o
t
h
in
g
t
h
e
i
m
ag
e
b
y
r
e
m
o
v
i
n
g
i
m
p
u
l
s
e
n
o
i
s
e
as
p
er
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
it
u
s
es.
T
h
e
co
n
v
o
lu
tio
n
al
n
eu
r
al
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
ac
ce
p
ts
s
m
o
o
th
ed
i
m
a
g
e
an
d
tr
ain
an
ar
tif
icia
l
in
tel
lig
e
n
ce
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
f
ac
ial
e
m
o
tio
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
t
h
at
is
eith
er
h
ap
p
y
,
s
ad
,
f
ea
r
,
d
is
g
u
s
t,
n
eu
tr
al,
s
u
r
p
r
is
e
an
d
an
g
r
y
.
I
n
th
e
g
en
e
r
al
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
in
cr
e
ases
a
n
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
a
s
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
t
h
e
c
lass
e
s
i
n
cr
ea
s
es
t
h
at
ar
e
m
o
r
e
ch
alle
n
g
i
n
g
.
W
e
claim
o
u
r
m
o
d
el
s
to
o
d
w
ell
f
o
r
a
w
id
e
v
ar
iet
y
o
f
e
m
o
tio
n
class
i
f
i
ca
tio
n
w
ith
h
ig
h
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
in
p
u
t
to
f
ac
ial
em
o
tio
n
r
e
co
g
n
itio
n
m
o
d
el
is
an
i
m
a
g
e.
T
h
e
tr
ain
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
i
s
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
d
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
n
o
i
s
es
ar
e
in
t
h
e
im
ag
e
s
.
I
t
is
b
eliev
ed
th
at
t
h
e
s
m
o
o
th
ed
i
m
ag
e
i
s
m
o
r
e
r
o
b
u
s
t
th
a
n
n
o
t.
T
h
e
f
ilt
er
s
th
a
t
s
m
o
o
th
i
m
ag
e
s
ar
e
a
v
er
ag
e,
m
ed
ia
n
,
g
a
u
s
s
ian
an
d
b
ilat
er
al
ea
ch
f
ilter
h
av
e
it
s
o
w
n
p
r
o
s
an
d
co
n
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
m
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
m
ca
n
n
o
t
w
ell
r
ec
o
v
er
a
h
ea
v
y
n
o
is
e
co
r
r
u
p
ted
im
a
g
e
w
it
h
n
o
is
e
d
en
s
it
y
ab
o
v
e
7
0
%
to
p
r
eser
v
e
th
e
d
etailed
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
an
i
m
a
g
e
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
m
ed
ian
f
ilter
a
n
d
its
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
v
ar
ia
n
t
s
ar
e
ex
te
n
s
iv
el
y
u
s
ed
[
2
2
]
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
i
m
p
u
ls
e
n
o
is
e
f
r
o
m
g
r
a
y
s
ca
l
e
i
m
a
g
es
a
n
d
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
is
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
.
Av
er
ag
in
g
t
h
e
p
i
x
el
i
n
te
n
s
i
ties
with
r
esp
ec
t
to
t
h
e
s
ize
o
f
th
e
f
i
lter
is
a
co
m
m
o
n
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
s
m
o
o
th
i
n
g
t
h
e
i
m
ag
e,
b
u
t
f
u
zz
y
a
v
er
ag
i
n
g
[
2
3
]
r
ed
u
ce
s
i
m
p
u
ls
es
i
n
a
lar
g
e
w
a
y
.
I
d
en
ti
f
y
t
h
e
p
ix
els
b
elo
n
g
i
n
g
to
th
e
b
o
r
d
e
r
s
,
th
e
n
ap
p
l
y
a
r
ed
u
ce
d
s
m
o
o
th
in
g
a
n
d
ap
p
l
y
i
n
g
m
o
r
e
i
n
t
en
s
e
s
m
o
o
t
h
i
n
g
to
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
i
n
g
p
ix
els p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
a
s
tan
d
ar
d
r
esu
lt [
2
4
]
in
th
e
u
l
tr
aso
u
n
d
i
m
ag
e
ap
p
licatio
n
.
T
h
e
m
ed
ian
f
ilter
i
n
g
is
a
g
o
o
d
ch
o
ice
o
f
n
o
is
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
.
An
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
m
ed
ian
f
ilter
i
n
g
al
g
o
r
ith
m
[
2
5
]
u
s
es
t
h
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
o
f
th
e
i
m
a
g
e
to
p
r
o
ce
s
s
t
h
e
f
ea
t
u
r
es
o
f
t
h
e
f
ilter
i
n
g
m
as
k
o
v
er
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e.
Me
d
ia
n
f
ilter
i
n
g
b
ased
o
n
co
m
b
i
n
ed
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
i
m
ag
e
t
h
at
,
co
n
s
is
t
o
f
j
o
in
t
co
n
d
i
tio
n
al
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
d
en
s
it
y
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
,
p
r
in
cip
al
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t a
n
al
y
s
i
s
is
u
s
ed
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
u
n
co
m
p
r
es
s
ed
i
m
a
g
e
d
ata
s
ets.
A
n
e
w
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
e
th
o
d
[
2
6
]
u
s
es
a
m
ed
ian
f
ilter
u
s
i
n
g
p
r
io
r
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
ca
p
tu
r
e
n
atu
r
al
p
ix
els
f
o
r
r
esto
r
atio
n
,
th
is
m
eth
o
d
r
esto
r
es
co
r
r
u
p
ted
im
a
g
es
w
it
h
9
9
%
lev
el
o
f
s
a
lt
-
a
n
d
-
p
ep
p
er
i
m
p
u
ls
e
n
o
is
e.
S
w
itc
h
i
n
g
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
m
ed
ian
an
d
m
ea
n
[
2
7
]
b
y
d
etec
t
in
g
a
f
i
lter
i
s
a
p
r
o
v
ed
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
s
m
o
o
t
h
in
g
.
Gau
s
s
ia
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
u
s
ed
f
o
r
g
a
u
s
s
ian
b
lu
r
[
2
8
]
,
is
a
k
i
n
d
o
f
n
o
r
m
al
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
.
T
h
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
p
ix
e
l
h
av
i
n
g
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
est i
n
te
n
s
i
t
y
i
s
r
ep
lace
d
b
y
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
g
a
u
s
s
ia
n
w
ei
g
h
t a
n
d
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
ally
th
e
lo
w
er
in
ten
s
it
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
A
r
ti
f
I
n
tell
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8938
F
a
cia
l e
mo
tio
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
d
ee
p
c
o
n
vo
l
u
tio
n
a
l
n
e
u
r
a
l n
etw
o
r
k
a
n
d
…
(
P
r
a
g
n
ya
b
a
n
Mis
h
r
a
)
891
is
r
ep
lace
d
b
y
lo
w
g
au
s
s
ia
n
w
ei
g
h
t.
T
h
e
r
ev
ie
w
ar
ticle
[
2
9
]
is
a
g
o
o
d
c
o
llectio
n
o
f
g
au
s
s
ia
n
f
iler
s
u
s
ed
i
n
d
if
f
er
e
n
t a
p
p
licatio
n
s
a
n
d
ex
p
l
ain
ed
th
e
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es o
f
t
h
i
s
f
i
l
ter
w
it
h
r
esp
ec
t to
o
th
er
s
.
T
h
e
n
o
is
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
alo
n
g
w
i
th
p
r
eser
v
i
n
g
ed
g
e
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
[
3
0
]
s
m
o
o
t
h
in
g
ac
h
iev
e
s
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
[
3
1
]
b
ilater
al
f
ilter
.
Her
e
th
e
in
ten
s
it
y
o
f
ea
ch
o
f
t
h
e
p
ix
el
is
s
u
b
s
tit
u
ted
b
y
a
w
ei
g
h
t
ed
av
er
ag
e
o
f
an
in
te
n
s
it
y
ca
lc
u
lated
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
n
ea
r
b
y
p
ix
el
s
.
T
h
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
im
a
g
e
d
en
o
is
i
n
g
[
3
2
]
an
d
s
u
p
p
r
ess
es
m
ix
ed
n
o
is
e
i
n
co
lo
r
i
m
a
g
e
s
[
3
3
]
ar
e
a
f
e
w
o
f
t
h
e
ad
v
a
n
ce
e
x
a
m
p
l
e
u
s
in
g
th
e
b
ilater
al
f
ilter
.
T
h
e
r
e
m
ai
n
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
in
to
th
e
s
e
ctio
n
s
as:
Sec
tio
n
2
:
R
esear
c
h
m
eth
o
d
,
s
ec
tio
n
3
:
R
e
s
u
l
t
an
d
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
an
d
s
ec
tio
n
4
: Co
n
c
lu
s
io
n
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Da
t
a
s
et
des
cr
iptio
n
T
h
e
r
en
o
w
n
ed
d
atasets
FER
2
0
1
3
an
d
C
K4
8
+
d
ata
s
ets
a
r
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tatio
n
in
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el.
C
K4
8
+,
Fer
2
0
1
3
d
ata
s
ets
co
n
s
i
s
t
s
o
f
3
5
4
0
,
3
5
8
8
7
im
a
g
es
r
elate
d
to
s
e
v
en
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
f
ac
ial
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
s
u
ch
a
s
h
ap
p
y
,
an
g
r
y
,
s
ad
,
s
u
r
p
r
is
e,
n
e
u
tr
al,
d
is
g
u
s
t,
an
d
f
ea
r
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
l
y
.
All
th
e
i
m
ag
e
s
ar
e
n
o
r
m
alize
d
,
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
ized
b
y
u
s
in
g
s
tan
d
ar
d
izatio
n
a
n
d
n
o
r
m
aliza
tio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
es,
al
l
t
h
e
i
m
ag
e
s
ar
e
r
esized
in
to
a
f
i
x
ed
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
o
f
4
8
X4
8
to
m
ain
tain
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
it
y
.
2
.
2
.
F
ilte
r
des
cr
iptio
n
T
h
e
b
asic
f
o
cu
s
o
f
o
u
r
r
esear
ch
is
to
o
b
s
er
v
e
f
ac
ia
l
e
m
o
tio
n
class
i
f
icat
io
n
an
d
it
s
a
cc
u
r
ac
y
ac
h
iev
e
m
e
n
t
s
f
o
r
s
m
o
o
t
h
ed
in
p
u
t
i
m
a
g
es.
T
h
e
i
m
a
g
es
u
n
d
er
g
o
n
e
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
m
o
o
t
h
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
is
tab
u
lated
in
ex
p
er
im
e
n
tal
s
ec
t
io
n
.
Fo
r
s
m
o
o
th
i
n
g
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
es,
a
h
y
b
r
id
s
m
o
o
t
h
i
n
g
f
ilter
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
w
h
ic
h
is
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
av
er
ag
e,
m
ed
ia
n
,
g
a
u
s
s
ian
,
b
ilater
al
f
ilter
s
an
d
t
h
eir
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
.
T
h
e
eq
u
atio
n
s
u
s
ed
in
ea
ch
o
f
th
e
f
ilter
s
ar
e
as
m
en
tio
n
ed
is
:
av
er
ag
e
f
ilter
in
g
in
(
5
)
,
m
ed
ia
n
f
ilter
in
g
i
n
(
6
)
,
g
au
s
s
ia
n
i
n
(
7
)
f
o
r
1
D
an
d
in
(
8
)
f
o
r
2
D,
b
ilater
al
in
(
9
)
,
(
,
)
=
∑
1
=
−
1
∑
1
∗
1
=
−
1
(
+
,
+
)
(
,
)
=
1
∑
∑
1
=
−
1
1
=
−
1
(
,
)
(
5
)
(
,
)
=
{
(
(
+
,
+
)
|
(
,
∈
)
)}
(
6
)
(
)
=
1
√
2
2
−
2
2
2
(
7
)
(
,
)
=
1
2
2
−
(
2
+
2
)
2
2
(
8
)
=
1
∑
(
)
(
(
(
)
−
(
)
)
(
(
−
)
)
=
∑
(
(
(
)
−
(
)
)
(
(
−
)
)
(
9
)
2
.
3
.
M
o
del descript
io
n
I
n
th
e
d
e
v
is
ed
m
o
d
el
a
f
ac
ial
e
m
o
tio
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
i
m
ag
e
d
ata
s
et
is
ta
k
en
a
n
d
is
co
n
v
e
r
ted
to
a
h
y
b
r
id
i
m
a
g
e
s
et
b
y
ap
p
l
y
in
g
v
ar
io
u
s
s
m
o
o
t
h
in
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
es.
Step
1
: I
n
itia
ll
y
,
n
r
a
n
d
o
m
i
m
ag
es
f
r
o
m
th
e
i
m
ag
e
s
et
is
s
ele
cted
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
th
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
.
Step
2
:
A
v
er
a
g
e
f
ilter
i
n
g
i
s
a
p
p
lied
o
n
th
e
r
a
n
d
o
m
l
y
s
elec
t
ed
i
m
a
g
es
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
es
u
lted
i
m
ag
es
ar
e
s
to
r
ed
in
h
y
b
r
id
i
m
a
g
e
s
et,
t
h
e
r
an
d
o
m
i
m
ag
e
s
s
elec
ted
ar
e
r
e
m
o
v
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
i
m
a
g
e
s
et.
Step
3
:
T
h
e
s
a
m
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
s
r
e
p
ea
ted
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
m
ed
ian
,
g
au
s
s
ian
,
an
d
b
ilater
al
f
il
ter
s
an
d
a
h
y
b
r
id
i
m
ag
e
s
et
is
f
o
r
m
ed
f
r
o
m
d
if
f
er
en
t f
i
lter
ed
im
a
g
e
s
.
Step
4
: A
s
s
i
g
n
lab
els to
t
h
e
r
esu
lted
h
y
b
r
id
i
m
a
g
e
s
et
Step
5
: D
iv
id
e
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
i
m
a
g
e
s
et
i
n
th
e
r
atio
o
f
8
0
:1
5
f
o
r
tr
ain
i
n
g
a
n
d
test
i
n
g
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
Step
6
:
T
r
ain
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
C
NN
m
o
d
el
w
it
h
s
e
lecte
d
i
m
a
g
es
f
o
r
tr
ai
n
i
n
g
an
d
e
v
al
u
ate
w
it
h
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
es
s
elec
ted
f
o
r
test
i
n
g
f
o
r
tr
ain
i
n
g
an
d
ev
al
u
atio
n
.
2
.
3
.
1
.
Alg
o
rit
h
m
T
h
e
s
tag
e
s
i
n
th
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
i
l
lu
s
tr
ate
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
ev
a
lu
at
in
g
a
f
ac
e
p
ictu
r
e
as
a
n
in
p
u
t
in
to
an
e
m
o
tio
n
clas
s
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
u
s
es
th
r
ee
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
:
h
y
b
r
id
f
ilter
in
g
,
r
an
d
Select,
an
d
FacE
m
o
R
ec
.
T
h
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8938
I
n
t J
A
r
ti
f
I
n
tell
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
202
1
:
8
8
9
-
900
892
h
y
b
r
id
f
ilter
i
n
g
f
u
n
c
tio
n
ch
o
o
s
es
p
ictu
r
es
t
h
at
ar
e
f
ilter
ed
u
s
i
n
g
av
er
ag
e,
m
ed
ian
,
b
ilate
r
al,
an
d
g
au
s
s
ian
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
FacE
m
o
R
ec
cla
s
s
i
f
i
es
p
h
o
to
s
b
ased
o
n
e
m
o
tio
n
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
r
an
d
Se
lect
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
w
h
ich
r
a
n
d
o
m
l
y
p
ick
s
p
h
o
to
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
r
ig
in
a
l
d
ataset
o
n
w
h
ic
h
f
ilter
i
n
g
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
d
o
n
e.
Alg
o
rit
h
m
1
I
n
p
u
t
:
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
C
o
n
s
i
s
t
i
n
g
o
f
S
e
v
e
n
D
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
F
a
c
i
a
l
E
x
p
r
e
s
s
i
o
n
s
O
u
t
p
u
t
:
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
A
f
t
e
r
A
p
p
l
y
i
n
g
D
i
f
f
e
r
n
t
F
i
l
t
e
r
i
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
s
H
y
b
r
i
d
F
i
l
t
e
r
i
n
g
A
l
g
(
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
[
]
)
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
[
]
=
{
ϕ
}
B
e
g
i
n
i
f
l
e
n
(
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
[
]
≠
∅
)
t
h
e
n
//
B
e
g
i
n
i
f
f
o
r
a
l
l
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
s
i
n
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
res
iz
e
(
Im
ag
eS
et
[
],
48
,4
8)
/
/Re
si
ze
s
al
l
im
ag
es
i
nto
si
ze
o
f
4
8
X
4
8
N
o
r
m
a
l
i
z
e
(
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
[
]
)
/
/
N
o
r
m
a
l
i
z
i
e
s
a
l
l
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
s
l
=
l
e
n
(
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
[
]
)
w
h
i
l
e
(
l
>
0
)
B
e
g
i
n
l
o
o
p
img
i
[
]
=
r
a
n
d
S
e
l
e
c
t
(
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
[
]
,
l
)
img
fi
[
]
=
A
v
g
F
i
l
t
e
r
(
i
m
g
i
[
]
,
(
3
,
3
)
)
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
[
]
=
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
[
]
∪
i
m
g
fi
[
]
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
=
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
-
i
m
g
i
[
]
l
=
l
-
l
e
n
(
i
m
g
i
[
]
)
img
j
[
]
=
r
a
n
d
S
e
l
e
c
t
(
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
[
]
,
l
)
img
fj
[
]
=
M
e
d
i
a
n
F
i
l
t
e
r
(
i
m
g
j
[
]
,
(
3
,
3
)
)
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
[
]
=
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
[
]
∪
i
m
g
fj
[
]
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
=
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
-
i
m
g
j
[
]
l
=
l
-
l
e
n
(
i
m
g
j
[
]
)
img
k
[
]=
ra
nd
Se
le
ct
(
I
ma
ge
Se
t
[ ]
,
l
)
img
fk
[
]
=
G
a
u
s
s
i
a
n
F
i
l
t
e
r
(
i
m
g
k
[
]
,
(
3
,
3
)
)
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
[
]
=
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
[
]
∪
i
m
g
fk
[
]
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
=
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
-
i
m
g
k
[
]
l
=
l
-
len
(
i
m
g
k
[
]
)
img
fl
[
]
=
B
i
l
a
t
e
r
a
l
F
i
l
t
e
r
(
I
m
a
g
e
s
e
t
[
]
,
(
3
,
3
)
)
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
[
]
=
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
[
]
∪
i
m
g
fl
[
]
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
=
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
-
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
[
]
l
=
l
-
l
e
n
(
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
[
]
)
E
n
d
l
o
o
p
E
n
d
i
f
End
r
a
n
d
S
e
l
e
c
t
(
I
m
a
g
e
S
e
t
[
]
,
l
)
B
e
g
i
n
_
F
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
d
o
_
l
o
o
p
n
=
r
a
n
d
I
n
t
(
)
whi
le
(
n
>
l
)
r
e
t
u
r
n
(
r
a
n
d
(
I
m
g
[
n
]
)
)
E
n
d
_
F
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
I
n
p
u
t
:
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
C
o
n
s
i
s
t
i
n
g
I
m
a
g
e
s
o
f
S
e
v
e
n
D
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
F
a
c
i
a
l
E
x
p
r
e
s
s
i
o
n
s
A
f
t
e
r
F
i
l
t
e
r
i
n
g
O
u
t
p
u
t
:
C
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
I
m
a
g
e
s
B
a
s
e
d
O
n
E
x
p
r
e
s
s
i
o
n
T
y
p
e
F
a
c
E
m
o
R
e
c
(
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
)
/
/
E
m
o
t
i
o
n
R
e
c
o
g
n
i
z
i
n
g
M
o
d
e
l
B
e
g
i
n
l
=
l
e
n
(
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
)
f
o
r
i
i
n
1
to
l
B
e
g
i
n
L
a
b
I
m
g
S
t
←
L
a
b
e
l
(
H
y
b
r
i
d
I
m
g
S
t
[
img
i
]
)
/
/
A
s
s
i
g
n
s
L
a
b
e
l
s
t
o
I
m
a
g
e
s
T
r
S
t
,
T
s
S
t
←
S
p
l
i
t
(
L
a
b
I
m
m
S
t
,
8
5
,
1
5
)
C
N
N
M
o
d
e
l
←
C
N
N
M
o
d
e
l
(
T
r
S
t
)
E
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
←
C
N
N
M
o
d
e
l
(
T
s
S
t
)
End
r
e
t
u
r
n
C
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
e
d
E
m
o
t
i
o
n
/
/
C
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
e
d
E
m
o
t
i
o
n
s
w
i
l
l
b
e
r
e
t
u
r
n
e
d
end
2
.
3
.
2
.
F
lo
w
cha
rt
f
o
r
t
he
pro
po
s
ed
m
o
del
Fig
u
r
e
1
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
ilter
s
,
a
v
er
ag
e,
m
ed
ian
,
g
au
s
s
ia
n
,
an
d
b
ilater
al
to
th
e
i
m
ag
e
d
ata
s
et
co
n
s
is
t
o
f
f
i
n
ite
i
m
a
g
es.
A
ll
i
m
a
g
es
p
ass
e
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
f
ilter
s
ar
e
eq
u
al
t
o
th
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
i
m
a
g
es
in
t
h
e
ac
t
u
al
d
ataset.
T
h
e
f
ilter
ed
i
m
a
g
es
ar
e
ap
p
lied
to
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
tr
ain
i
n
g
a
n
d
ev
alu
a
tio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
A
r
ti
f
I
n
tell
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8938
F
a
cia
l e
mo
tio
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
d
ee
p
c
o
n
vo
l
u
tio
n
a
l
n
e
u
r
a
l n
etw
o
r
k
a
n
d
…
(
P
r
a
g
n
ya
b
a
n
Mis
h
r
a
)
893
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Dev
elo
p
a
m
o
d
el
w
it
h
a
h
y
b
r
id
d
ataset
w
h
o
s
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
i
s
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
p
r
o
p
er
ev
alu
a
tio
n
p
lan
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
Hig
h
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
s
p
ee
d
s
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
g
r
ap
h
ical
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
u
n
it
(
GP
U)
,
ce
n
tr
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
u
n
it
(
C
P
U)
an
d
m
e
m
o
r
y
ar
e
r
eq
u
i
r
ed
to
b
u
ild
a
h
y
b
r
id
i
m
a
g
e
f
ilter
alg
o
r
it
h
m
a
n
d
to
b
u
ild
a
C
NN
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
ev
alu
a
tin
g
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
o
f
t
h
e
h
y
b
r
id
i
m
a
g
e
f
il
t
er
d
atas
et.
W
e
to
o
k
t
h
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
o
f
Go
o
g
le
C
o
lab
c
lo
u
d
s
er
v
ice
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
o
r
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
th
e
ab
o
v
e
-
m
en
t
io
n
ed
m
o
d
els.
T
h
e
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
clo
u
d
s
er
v
ice
u
s
ed
is
d
escr
ib
ed
as:
Fre
q
u
en
c
y
o
f
C
P
U:
2
.
3
0
GH
z,
GP
U
Used
:
NI
VI
DI
A
(
1
2
GB
)
,
Size
o
f
D
is
k
Sp
ac
e
Su
p
p
o
r
ted
:
2
5
GB
,
E
d
ito
r
Used
:
J
u
p
ite
r
No
teb
o
o
k
.
C
K4
8
+,
Fer
2
0
1
3
d
ata
s
ets
th
at
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
3
5
4
0
,
3
5
8
8
7
im
a
g
e
s
r
elate
d
to
s
ev
e
n
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
f
ac
i
al
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
s
u
ch
a
s
h
ap
p
y
,
an
g
r
y
,
s
ad
,
s
u
r
p
r
is
e,
n
eu
tr
al,
d
is
g
u
s
t,
a
n
d
f
ea
r
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
f
o
r
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tatio
n
.
A
v
er
a
g
e,
m
ed
ia
n
,
g
a
u
s
s
ia
n
,
b
ilater
al
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
ilter
h
y
b
r
id
f
ilter
s
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
f
o
r
f
ilt
er
in
g
th
e
d
ataset
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
e
s
u
lted
i
m
a
g
e
s
ar
e
g
i
v
en
f
o
r
a
C
NN
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
ev
alu
a
tio
n
.
I
t
i
s
o
b
s
er
v
ed
t
h
at
th
e
i
m
a
g
es
t
h
at
w
er
e
co
n
s
id
e
r
ed
as
in
p
u
t
s
to
t
h
e
C
NN
m
o
d
el
af
ter
ap
p
l
y
i
n
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8938
I
n
t J
A
r
ti
f
I
n
tell
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
202
1
:
8
8
9
-
900
894
f
ilter
i
n
g
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
etter
r
esu
lt
s
w
h
en
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
s
w
h
er
e
f
ilter
i
n
g
is
n
o
t
ap
p
lied
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
etter
r
esu
lt
s
w
h
e
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
i
m
ag
e
s
w
h
er
e
f
il
ter
in
g
is
n
o
t
ap
p
lied
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
r
ep
r
esen
ts
ac
cu
r
ac
y
an
d
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
th
at
ar
e
o
b
tain
e
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
w
it
h
o
u
t
f
il
ter
in
g
an
d
w
i
th
a
v
er
ag
e
an
d
m
ed
ian
f
i
lter
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
ap
p
lied
to
C
K4
8
+
d
ataset.
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
(
a
)
r
ep
r
e
s
en
t
s
tr
ai
n
a
n
d
test
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
s
w
it
h
o
u
t
f
ilter
i
n
g
,
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
(
b
)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
tr
ai
n
a
n
d
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
w
h
e
n
Av
er
ag
e
f
ilter
i
n
g
is
ap
p
lied
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
c
)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
tr
ain
an
d
test
lo
s
s
ap
p
lied
w
h
e
n
m
ed
ian
f
ilter
i
n
g
is
ap
p
lied
o
n
C
K4
8
+
d
ataset
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
a
n
d
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
t
h
at
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
w
it
h
g
au
s
s
ian
,
b
ila
ter
al
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
f
ilter
i
n
g
t
ec
h
n
iq
u
es a
p
p
lied
to
C
K4
8
+
d
ataset.
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
(
a
)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
t
r
ain
an
d
test
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
o
f
g
a
u
s
s
ian
f
ilter
in
g
,
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
(
b
)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
tr
ai
n
a
n
d
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
w
h
e
n
b
ilater
al
f
il
ter
in
g
is
ap
p
lied
an
d
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
(
c
)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
tr
ain
a
n
d
tes
t
lo
s
s
ap
p
l
ie
d
w
h
en
h
y
b
r
id
f
ilter
i
n
g
is
a
p
p
lied
o
n
C
K4
8
+
d
ataset
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es
w
ith
o
u
t
f
ilter
i
n
g
a
n
d
ap
p
ly
i
n
g
a
v
er
ag
e
a
n
d
m
ea
n
f
i
lter
in
g
o
n
C
K4
8
+
d
ataset; (
a)
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es
w
it
h
o
u
t a
p
p
l
y
i
n
g
f
ilter
in
g
o
n
C
K4
8
+
d
ataset,
(
b
)
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es
af
ter
ap
p
l
y
in
g
a
v
er
ag
e
f
ilter
i
n
g
o
n
C
K4
8
+
d
ata
s
et
an
d
(
c)
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es a
f
ter
ap
p
ly
in
g
m
ed
ian
f
ilter
i
n
g
o
n
C
K4
8
+
d
ataset
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
A
r
ti
f
I
n
tell
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8938
F
a
cia
l e
mo
tio
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
d
ee
p
c
o
n
vo
l
u
tio
n
a
l
n
e
u
r
a
l n
etw
o
r
k
a
n
d
…
(
P
r
a
g
n
ya
b
a
n
Mis
h
r
a
)
895
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es a
f
ter
ap
p
l
y
i
n
g
g
a
u
s
s
ian
,
b
il
ater
al
an
d
h
y
b
r
id
f
i
lter
in
g
o
n
C
K4
8
+
d
ataset;
(
a)
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es a
f
te
r
ap
p
ly
i
n
g
g
au
s
s
ia
n
f
ilter
i
n
g
o
n
C
K4
8
+
d
ataset,
(
b
)
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
e
s
af
ter
ap
p
l
y
in
g
b
i
later
al
f
ilter
i
n
g
o
n
C
K4
8
+
d
ata
s
et
a
n
d
(
c)
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es a
f
ter
ap
p
ly
in
g
h
y
b
r
id
f
ilter
i
n
g
o
n
C
K4
8
+
d
ataset
T
h
e
Fig
u
r
e
4
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
ac
cu
r
ac
y
an
d
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
t
h
at
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
o
d
el
w
it
h
o
u
t
f
ilter
i
n
g
a
n
d
w
it
h
a
v
er
ag
e
a
n
d
m
ed
ian
f
i
lter
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
ap
p
lied
to
FE
R
2
0
1
3
d
ataset.
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
(
a
)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
tr
ai
n
a
n
d
test
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
s
w
it
h
o
u
t
f
ilt
er
in
g
,
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
tr
ain
an
d
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
w
h
e
n
Av
er
ag
e
f
i
lter
in
g
is
ap
p
lied
an
d
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
(
c
)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
tr
ai
n
a
n
d
test
l
o
s
s
ap
p
lied
w
h
en
m
ed
ian
f
ilter
i
n
g
is
ap
p
lied
o
n
FER2
0
1
3
d
ataset
.
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
ac
cu
r
ac
y
a
n
d
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
s
t
h
at
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
w
i
th
g
a
u
s
s
ia
n
,
b
ilater
al
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
f
i
lter
in
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
ap
p
lied
to
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8938
I
n
t J
A
r
ti
f
I
n
tell
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
202
1
:
8
8
9
-
900
896
FER2
0
1
3
d
ataset.
Fig
u
r
e
5
(
a)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
tr
ai
n
a
n
d
test
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
o
f
g
a
u
s
s
ian
f
i
lt
er
in
g
,
Fig
u
r
e
5
(
b
)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
tr
ai
n
an
d
lo
s
s
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
w
h
e
n
b
ilater
al
f
ilter
i
n
g
is
ap
p
lied
an
d
F
ig
u
r
e
5
(
c)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
tr
ai
n
a
n
d
test
lo
s
s
ap
p
lied
w
h
e
n
h
y
b
r
id
f
il
ter
in
g
i
s
ap
p
lied
o
n
FE
R
2
0
1
3
d
ataset
.
T
ab
le
1
ex
p
r
ess
es
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
co
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
tr
ain
an
d
test
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
lo
s
s
an
d
ti
m
e
ta
k
e
n
f
o
r
ea
c
h
ep
o
ch
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
w
it
h
f
ilter
i
n
g
an
d
w
i
th
o
u
t
f
ilter
in
g
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
f
ilter
i
n
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
ap
p
lied
o
n
FER2
0
1
3
d
ataset.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es
w
ith
o
u
t
f
ilter
i
n
g
a
n
d
ap
p
ly
i
n
g
a
v
er
ag
e
a
n
d
m
ea
n
f
i
lter
in
g
o
n
FER2
0
1
3
d
ataset; (
a)
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es
w
it
h
o
u
t a
p
p
l
y
i
n
g
f
ilter
in
g
o
n
FER2
0
1
3
d
ata
s
et,
(
b
)
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es a
f
ter
ap
p
l
y
in
g
a
v
er
ag
e
f
i
lter
in
g
o
n
FE
R
2
0
1
3
d
ata
s
et
an
d
(
c)
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es a
f
ter
ap
p
l
y
in
g
m
ed
ian
f
ilter
i
n
g
o
n
FER2
0
1
3
d
ataset
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
A
r
ti
f
I
n
tell
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8938
F
a
cia
l e
mo
tio
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
d
ee
p
c
o
n
vo
l
u
tio
n
a
l
n
e
u
r
a
l n
etw
o
r
k
a
n
d
…
(
P
r
a
g
n
ya
b
a
n
Mis
h
r
a
)
89
7
T
ab
le
2
ex
p
r
ess
es
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
co
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
tr
ai
n
a
n
d
te
s
t
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
lo
s
s
an
d
ti
m
e
tak
en
f
o
r
ea
ch
ep
o
ch
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
el
w
it
h
f
ilter
i
n
g
an
d
w
it
h
o
u
t
f
i
lt
er
in
g
co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
f
ilter
i
n
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
ap
p
lied
o
n
C
K4
8
+
d
atase
t.
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
is
a
b
ar
ch
ar
t
o
f
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
le
v
els
t
h
at
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
o
d
el
w
it
h
f
i
lter
in
g
an
d
w
it
h
o
u
t
f
i
lter
i
n
g
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
H
y
b
r
id
f
ilter
i
n
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
ap
p
lied
o
n
C
K4
8
+
an
d
FER2
0
1
3
d
atasets
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
is
a
b
ar
ch
ar
t
o
f
lo
s
s
lev
els
th
at
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
o
d
el
w
it
h
f
il
ter
in
g
an
d
w
it
h
o
u
t
f
i
lter
in
g
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
f
il
ter
in
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
ap
p
lied
o
n
C
K4
8
+
an
d
FER2
0
1
3
d
atasets
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es a
f
ter
ap
p
l
y
i
n
g
g
a
u
s
s
ian
,
b
il
ater
al
an
d
h
y
b
r
id
f
i
lter
in
g
o
n
FER2
0
1
3
d
ataset,
(
a)
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es a
f
te
r
ap
p
ly
i
n
g
g
au
s
s
ia
n
f
ilter
i
n
g
o
n
FER2
0
1
3
d
ata
s
et,
(
b
)
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es
af
ter
ap
p
l
y
in
g
b
ilater
al
f
ilter
i
n
g
o
n
FE
R
2
0
1
3
d
ata
s
et
an
d
(
c)
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
es a
f
ter
ap
p
ly
i
n
g
h
y
b
r
id
f
ilter
i
n
g
o
n
FER2
0
1
3
d
ataset
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8938
I
n
t J
A
r
ti
f
I
n
tell
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
202
1
:
8
8
9
-
900
898
T
ab
le
1
.
FER2
0
1
3
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
co
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
an
al
y
s
is
u
s
i
n
g
v
ar
io
u
s
f
i
lter
s
F
ER
-
2
0
1
3
S
.
N
o
Ty
p
e
o
f
f
i
l
t
e
r
i
n
g
a
p
p
l
i
e
d
T
r
a
i
n
A
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
T
e
st
A
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
T
r
a
i
n
l
o
ss
T
e
st
l
o
ss
Ex
e
c
t
i
me
p
e
r
e
p
o
c
h
1
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
F
i
l
t
e
r
8
6
.
2
6
1
.
8
9
0
.
3
8
3
1
.
2
0
1
1
7
S
e
c
2
M
e
d
i
a
n
F
i
l
t
e
r
8
5
.
8
1
6
2
.
5
4
0
.
9
3
4
1
.
1
6
9
1
6
S
e
c
3
G
a
u
ssi
a
n
F
i
l
t
e
r
8
6
.
3
4
6
2
.
6
7
0
.
3
8
1
1
.
1
9
3
1
6
S
e
c
4
B
i
l
a
t
e
r
a
l
F
i
l
t
e
r
8
4
.
3
4
6
1
.
6
5
0
.
4
3
4
1
.
1
9
3
1
2
S
e
c
5
H
y
b
r
i
d
F
i
l
t
e
r
8
5
.
6
6
6
3
.
3
7
0
.
4
0
0
1
.
1
7
8
1
0
S
e
c
6
W
i
t
h
o
u
t
F
i
l
t
e
r
i
n
g
8
6
.
2
1
6
1
.
5
7
0
.
3
8
2
1
.
1
1
8
1
7
S
e
c
T
ab
le
2
.
C
K4
8
+
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
co
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
an
al
y
s
is
u
s
i
n
g
v
a
r
io
u
s
f
i
lter
s
C
K
4
8
+
S
.
N
o
Ty
p
e
o
f
f
i
l
t
e
r
i
n
g
a
p
p
l
i
e
d
T
r
a
i
n
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
T
e
st
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
T
r
a
i
n
l
o
ss
T
e
st
l
o
ss
Ex
e
c
t
i
me
p
e
r
e
p
o
c
h
1
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
F
i
l
t
e
r
7
8
.
3
9
7
4
.
7
6
0
.
5
2
5
0
.
4
7
0
1
S
e
c
2
M
e
d
i
a
n
F
i
l
t
e
r
7
7
.
3
7
7
.
5
9
0
.
4
6
4
0
.
4
7
4
2
S
e
c
3
G
a
u
ssi
a
n
F
i
l
t
e
r
7
7
.
3
7
7
5
.
7
1
0
.
4
6
7
0
.
4
9
1
1
S
e
c
4
B
i
l
a
t
e
r
a
l
F
i
l
t
e
r
7
7
.
7
7
4
.
9
5
0
.
4
7
3
0
.
4
7
8
1
S
e
c
5
H
y
b
r
i
d
F
i
l
t
e
r
7
9
.
5
9
7
8
.
7
2
0
.
4
3
8
0
.
4
9
1
1
S
e
c
6
W
i
t
h
o
u
t
F
i
l
t
e
r
i
n
g
6
5
.
2
6
9
.
6
8
0
.
7
0
1
0
.
6
0
5
1
S
e
c
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
A
cc
u
r
ac
y
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
a
f
ter
ap
p
l
y
in
g
v
ar
io
u
s
f
i
lter
s
o
n
C
K4
8
+
an
d
FER2
0
1
3
d
ata
s
ets
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
L
o
s
s
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
s
a
f
ter
ap
p
ly
i
n
g
v
ar
io
u
s
f
il
te
r
s
o
n
C
K4
8
+
an
d
FER2
0
1
3
d
ata
s
ets
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.