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t
tan
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p
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n
g
a
n
d
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
a
l
a
c
ti
v
it
ies
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Data
m
in
in
g
Den
g
u
e
h
e
m
o
r
r
h
ag
ic
f
e
v
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I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
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s
y
s
tem
s
Kn
o
wled
g
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d
is
co
v
e
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y
R
ec
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m
m
en
d
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s
y
s
tem
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
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n
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c
c
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ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
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e
CC B
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SA
li
c
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n
se
.
C
o
r
r
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s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Siriwa
n
Kajo
r
n
k
asira
t
Facu
lty
o
f
Scien
ce
an
d
I
n
d
u
s
tr
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T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
Prin
ce
o
f
So
n
g
k
la
Un
iv
er
s
ity
Su
r
at
T
h
an
i Cam
p
u
s
3
1
Mo
o
6
,
Ma
k
h
am
tia,
M
u
an
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,
Su
r
at
T
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-
8
4
0
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,
T
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d
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m
ail: siriwa
n
.
wo
@
p
s
u
.
ac
.
th
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Den
g
u
e
is
a
m
o
s
q
u
ito
-
b
o
r
n
e
v
ir
al
d
is
ea
s
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
b
y
f
em
ale
m
o
s
q
u
ito
es
m
ain
ly
o
f
th
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s
p
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A
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es
a
eg
yp
ti
an
d
,
to
a
less
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e
x
ten
t,
A
e.
a
lb
o
p
ictu
s
[
1
]
.
T
h
er
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ar
e
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u
n
d
2
.
5
b
illi
o
n
p
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p
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wo
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wid
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f
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ted
with
d
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e
f
ev
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[1
]
,
[
2
]
.
I
t
is
f
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d
in
tr
o
p
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d
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u
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-
tr
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ic
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u
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in
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th
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r
ain
y
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ea
s
o
n
[
2
]
.
Den
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p
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p
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[
2
]
.
Sy
m
p
to
m
s
b
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in
with
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cle
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in
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n
am
ely
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ev
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ase,
s
h
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ck
p
h
ase,
an
d
r
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o
v
er
y
p
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io
d
[
3
]
.
Den
g
u
e
f
e
v
er
s
till
p
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s
a
s
ig
n
if
ic
an
t
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aily
liv
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cl
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wh
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th
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tem
p
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r
atu
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ex
ce
ed
s
2
4
°C
to
3
0
°C
[
4
]
b
u
t c
an
n
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t sp
r
ea
d
if
th
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tem
p
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is
b
elo
w
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°C
[
2
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,
[
4
]
.
Sin
ce
1
9
5
3
to
1
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6
4
,
d
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g
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e
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s
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m
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ies
in
So
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s
t
As
ia
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th
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Asi
a
Pacif
ic,
n
am
ely
in
th
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Ph
ilip
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in
es,
T
h
ailan
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,
Vietn
am
,
Sin
g
a
p
o
r
e,
an
d
in
Ko
lk
ata,
I
n
d
ia
[
5
]
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I
n
2
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1
8
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a
d
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[
6
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.
T
h
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ca
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f
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d
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So
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T
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with
th
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ig
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d
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cid
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r
ates a
r
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Ph
u
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Kr
ab
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Ph
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a
,
Sam
u
t Sak
h
o
n
,
a
n
d
B
an
g
k
o
k
[
7
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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[
8
]
.
S
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at
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[
9
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.
S
c
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.
[
1
0
]
f
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1
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m
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2.
M
E
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H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Da
t
a
c
o
llect
io
n
Data
o
n
m
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s
q
u
ito
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v
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d
wate
r
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tics
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ll
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s
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m
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etails,
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i.e
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ty
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s
:
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lid
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clea
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f
r
eq
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cy
)
[
1
4
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.
T
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m
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v
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s
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v
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s
co
v
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as sh
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u
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[
1
5
]
.
2
.
3
.
Da
t
a
m
ini
ng
t
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iqu
e
Data
m
in
in
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is
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s
ed
with
lar
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ata
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p
atter
n
s
an
d
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
laten
t
in
t
h
at
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ataset
[
1
6
]
.
C
u
r
r
en
tly
,
d
ata
m
in
in
g
h
as
m
an
y
a
p
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in
b
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s
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an
d
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ed
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ap
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s
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
tu
d
y
u
s
ed
ass
o
ciati
o
n
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eth
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wid
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A
p
r
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r
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d
f
r
eq
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t
p
atter
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g
r
o
wth
(
FP
-
Gr
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wth
)
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
[
1
7
]
.
Ap
r
io
r
i
is
an
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
f
r
eq
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in
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ca
tio
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d
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alg
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ith
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s
[
1
8
]
.
FP
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Gr
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wth
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th
e
tr
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b
ased
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o
r
ith
m
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m
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ets th
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eq
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T
r
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[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
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is
k
f
ac
to
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s
f
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f
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ly
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to
f
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n
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am
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tal
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s
)
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s
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f
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er
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m
is
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ata.
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h
e
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if
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r
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
to
f
ac
ilit
ate
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
e
d
ata
c
o
n
s
is
ts
o
f
1
0
f
ac
to
r
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
s
u
b
-
d
is
tr
ict,
wate
r
c
o
n
tain
er
,
d
r
in
k
in
g
wate
r
,
v
ase,
an
t
g
u
ar
d
,
s
au
ce
r
,
lo
tu
s
b
asin
/aq
u
atic
p
l
an
ts
,
o
ld
ca
r
tire
s
,
leaf
s
h
ea
t
h
,
an
d
u
n
u
s
ed
co
n
tain
er
s
cr
a
p
s
.
Af
ter
t
h
at,
we
co
n
s
id
er
ed
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
d
ata
f
o
r
all
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
I
f
th
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
h
as
th
e
m
o
s
t
ac
cu
r
at
e
v
alu
e,
w
e
will
u
s
e
it
to
ap
p
ly
th
e
r
u
les
(
m
o
d
el)
t
o
u
s
e
as
a
b
asis
f
o
r
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
[
2
0
]
.
W
e
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
t
h
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
r
esu
lts
f
r
o
m
ass
o
ciatio
n
r
u
les
f
o
r
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
m
ad
e
ar
e
r
elate
d
to
th
e
r
is
k
f
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
d
en
g
u
e
in
f
ec
tio
n
,
a
s
in
‘
wate
r
co
n
tain
er
s
m
u
s
t
b
e
en
tire
ly
co
v
e
r
ed
with
lid
s
’
o
r
‘
u
s
e
s
an
d
to
g
et
r
id
o
f
th
e
m
o
s
q
u
ito
lar
v
a
in
a
wate
r
lo
g
g
ed
co
n
tain
er
’
.
As
m
en
ti
o
n
ed
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
,
h
o
wev
e
r
,
th
e
r
e
m
u
s
t
b
e
r
u
les
to
k
n
o
w
wh
at
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
to
g
iv
e
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
I
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
t
h
e
m
o
d
els we
r
e
tr
ain
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
W
ek
a
s
o
f
twar
e
v
er
s
io
n
3
.
8
.
3
.
T
h
e
d
ata
u
s
ed
in
th
e
test
ed
m
o
d
els with
th
e
to
tal
o
f
7
2
7
r
ec
o
r
d
s
.
T
h
e
m
in
im
u
m
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
was set a
t
0
.
1
an
d
th
e
m
i
n
im
u
m
co
n
f
i
d
en
ce
at
0
.
9
f
o
r
b
o
th
FP
-
Gr
o
wth
an
d
Ap
r
io
r
i a
lg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
I
d
en
tify
i
n
g
an
d
u
s
in
g
r
is
k
f
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
d
e
n
g
u
e
in
f
ec
tio
n
p
r
ed
ictio
n
2
.
3
.
1
.
Aprio
ri
a
lg
o
rit
hm
T
h
is
p
r
in
cip
le
allo
ws
th
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
ef
f
icien
tly
d
is
co
v
e
r
f
r
eq
u
en
t
item
s
ets
b
y
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
s
m
aller
s
ets f
ir
s
t [
1
8
]
:
a)
Fre
q
u
en
t
s
in
g
le
item
id
e
n
tific
atio
n
:
th
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
tar
ts
b
y
an
aly
zin
g
th
e
tr
a
n
s
ac
tio
n
d
ata
to
f
in
d
in
d
iv
i
d
u
a
l
item
s
th
at
ap
p
ea
r
f
r
e
q
u
en
tly
e
n
o
u
g
h
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
v
id
es th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
b
lo
c
k
s
f
o
r
f
u
r
th
er
an
aly
s
is
.
b)
C
a
n
d
i
d
a
t
e
p
a
i
r
g
e
n
e
r
a
ti
o
n
:
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
t
s
i
n
g
l
e
i
t
e
m
s
,
th
e
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
c
r
e
a
t
e
s
p
a
i
r
s
(
i
t
em
s
e
ts
o
f
s
i
z
e
2
)
th
at
co
u
ld
p
o
ten
tially
b
e
f
r
eq
u
en
t.
c)
C
an
d
id
ate
p
air
co
u
n
tin
g
a
n
d
p
r
u
n
in
g
:
ea
ch
ca
n
d
id
ate
p
air
is
ev
alu
ated
to
ch
ec
k
if
it
ap
p
ea
r
s
to
g
eth
e
r
f
r
eq
u
e
n
tly
en
o
u
g
h
i
n
th
e
tr
an
s
ac
tio
n
s
.
T
h
is
in
v
o
lv
es c
o
u
n
tin
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
tr
an
s
ac
tio
n
s
c
o
n
tain
in
g
b
o
t
h
item
s
with
in
th
e
p
air
.
An
y
ca
n
d
id
ate
p
air
n
o
t
m
ee
tin
g
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
th
r
esh
o
ld
(
ca
l
led
"su
p
p
o
r
t"
)
is
d
is
ca
r
d
ed
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
c
alled
p
r
u
n
i
n
g
,
elim
in
atin
g
u
n
lik
ely
f
r
e
q
u
en
t item
s
ets ea
r
ly
o
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ar
tif
I
n
tell
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
9
3
8
R
ec
o
mme
n
d
er sys
tem
fo
r
d
en
g
u
e
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
u
s
in
g
ma
ch
i
n
e
l
ea
r
n
in
g
…
(
S
ir
iw
a
n
K
a
jo
r
n
ka
s
ir
a
t
)
1109
d)
I
ter
ativ
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
o
r
lar
g
er
ite
m
s
ets
:
if
an
y
ca
n
d
id
ate
p
air
s
s
u
r
v
iv
e
th
e
p
r
u
n
in
g
s
tep
,
th
ey
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
f
r
eq
u
e
n
t
item
s
ets
o
f
s
ize
2
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
th
e
n
u
s
es
th
ese
f
r
e
q
u
en
t
p
air
s
to
g
en
e
r
ate
ca
n
d
id
ate
s
ets
o
f
s
ize
3
(
tr
ip
lets
)
.
T
h
is
in
v
o
lv
es
c
o
m
b
in
in
g
t
h
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
t
p
air
s
b
ase
d
o
n
th
e
Ap
r
io
r
i
p
r
in
cip
le.
Similar
to
s
tep
3
,
th
ese
ca
n
d
id
ate
tr
ip
lets
ar
e
ev
alu
ated
ag
ain
s
t
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
r
esh
o
ld
.
Fre
q
u
e
n
t
tr
ip
lets
ar
e
r
etain
ed
,
wh
ile
in
f
r
eq
u
e
n
t o
n
e
s
ar
e
p
r
u
n
e
d
.
T
h
is
iter
ativ
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
tin
u
e
s
:
‒
Fre
q
u
en
t item
s
ets o
f
a
p
ar
ticu
l
ar
s
ize
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
g
en
er
at
e
ca
n
d
id
ate
s
ets o
f
th
e
n
e
x
t la
r
g
er
s
ize.
‒
E
ac
h
ca
n
d
id
ate
s
et
is
ev
alu
ated
f
o
r
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
,
an
d
p
r
u
n
in
g
elim
in
ates
th
o
s
e
n
o
t
m
ee
tin
g
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
s
u
p
p
o
r
t c
r
iter
ia.
‒
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
tin
u
es
u
n
til
n
o
m
o
r
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
t
item
s
ets
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
(
i.e
.
,
n
o
n
ew
ca
n
d
id
ate
s
ets
ca
n
b
e
g
en
er
ated
b
ased
o
n
ex
is
tin
g
f
r
eq
u
en
t item
s
ets).
2
.
3
.
2
.
F
P
-
G
ro
wt
h a
lg
o
rit
hm
FP
-
Gr
o
wth
ad
o
p
ts
a
d
iv
i
d
e
-
a
n
d
-
co
n
q
u
er
s
tr
ateg
y
.
I
t
b
u
ild
s
a
co
m
p
r
ess
ed
d
ata
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
ca
lled
an
FP
-
T
r
ee
to
ef
f
icien
tly
s
to
r
e
f
r
eq
u
en
t
item
s
ets
an
d
th
eir
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
tr
an
s
ac
tio
n
s
.
T
h
is
t
r
ee
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
allo
ws
f
o
r
f
aster
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
o
f
f
r
eq
u
en
t item
s
ets [
1
6
].
a)
Min
im
u
m
Su
p
p
o
r
t
I
d
en
tific
at
io
n
:
s
im
ilar
to
Ap
r
io
r
i,
FP
-
Gr
o
wth
f
ir
s
t
id
en
tifie
s
f
r
eq
u
en
t
s
in
g
le
item
s
b
ased
o
n
a
m
in
im
u
m
s
u
p
p
o
r
t th
r
esh
o
ld
.
b)
B
u
ild
in
g
th
e
FP
-
T
r
ee
:
f
r
eq
u
e
n
t
item
s
ar
e
o
r
d
er
e
d
b
y
th
eir
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
(
d
escen
d
in
g
)
.
E
ac
h
tr
an
s
ac
tio
n
is
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
(
in
f
r
e
q
u
en
t
item
s
ar
e
r
em
o
v
ed
an
d
r
em
ai
n
in
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
t
item
s
ar
e
ar
r
an
g
ed
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
id
en
tifie
d
o
r
d
er
)
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
tr
a
n
s
ac
tio
n
s
ar
e
in
s
er
ted
in
to
th
e
FP
-
T
r
ee
:
‒
T
h
e
r
o
o
t n
o
d
e
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
en
tire
d
ataset.
‒
E
ac
h
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
n
o
d
e
r
ep
r
ese
n
ts
an
item
an
d
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
tr
an
s
ac
tio
n
s
co
n
tain
in
g
t
h
at
item
.
‒
No
d
es
ar
e
c
o
n
n
e
cted
b
y
ch
ild
-
p
ar
en
t
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
(
a
ch
ild
n
o
d
e
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
n
item
th
at
a
p
p
ea
r
s
af
ter
its
p
ar
en
t
in
a
tr
an
s
ac
tio
n
an
d
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
an
item
is
th
e
s
u
m
o
f
its
o
wn
co
u
n
t
an
d
th
e
co
u
n
ts
o
f
all
its
ch
ild
n
o
d
es).
c)
Min
in
g
f
r
e
q
u
en
t item
s
ets:
T
h
e
FP
-
T
r
ee
f
ac
ilit
ates e
f
f
icien
t e
x
p
lo
r
atio
n
o
f
f
r
eq
u
en
t item
s
ets:
‒
E
ac
h
f
r
eq
u
en
t item
b
ec
o
m
es a
s
tar
tin
g
p
o
in
t f
o
r
e
x
p
lo
r
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
t item
s
ets th
at
in
clu
d
e
it.
‒
Fo
llo
w
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
t item
'
s
p
ath
in
th
e
FP
-
T
r
ee
,
s
u
m
m
in
g
t
h
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t c
o
u
n
ts
alo
n
g
th
e
way
.
‒
Pru
n
e
an
y
b
r
an
c
h
es with
s
u
p
p
o
r
t le
s
s
th
an
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
th
r
e
s
h
o
ld
.
2
.
4
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
a
na
ly
s
is
T
h
e
d
e
n
g
u
e
h
e
m
o
r
r
h
ag
ic
f
ev
er
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
e
r
s
y
s
tem
(
DHFR
S)
was
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
r
esp
o
n
s
iv
e
web
d
esig
n
.
T
h
e
u
s
er
ca
n
ac
ce
s
s
th
e
s
y
s
tem
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
web
s
ite
b
y
u
s
in
g
a
co
m
p
u
ter
o
r
a
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ice.
W
h
en
u
s
ed
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
will
co
n
tact
th
e
s
er
v
er
to
ch
ec
k
t
h
e
ac
ce
s
s
.
T
h
en
th
e
s
er
v
er
will
d
is
p
lay
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
eq
u
ested
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
in
te
r
f
ac
e.
T
h
e
s
er
v
er
will
c
o
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a
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d
p
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e
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si
o
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4
.
7
6
4
±
0
.
4
7
0
Th
e
me
n
u
d
e
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g
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s
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o
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4
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7
2
7
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4
8
9
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a
t
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u
r
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t
n
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ss
4
.
8
5
5
±
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.
3
5
6
C
o
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e
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i
e
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si
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g
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y
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4
.
8
5
5
±
0
.
3
5
6
S
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i
t
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l
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t
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m
4
.
8
0
0
±
0
.
4
0
4
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a
t
i
sf
a
c
t
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o
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n
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se
4
.
8
1
8
±
0
.
4
3
4
S
y
st
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m c
a
p
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n
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t
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z
a
t
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o
n
4
.
7
6
4
±
0
.
4
7
0
3
.
3
.
Dis
cus
s
io
n
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
i
n
v
esti
g
ated
th
e
es
s
en
tial
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
th
e
in
cid
en
ce
o
f
d
en
g
u
e
h
em
o
r
r
h
ag
ic
f
ev
er
in
Su
r
at
T
h
an
i
Pro
v
in
ce
,
an
d
t
o
c
o
m
p
ar
e
o
p
tim
ized
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
f
o
r
f
in
d
in
g
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
to
r
is
k
f
ac
to
r
s
o
f
d
en
g
u
e
f
ev
er
,
a
n
d
th
e
n
to
d
e
v
elo
p
a
r
e
co
m
m
en
d
e
r
s
y
s
t
em
to
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
is
th
e
f
ir
s
t
attem
p
t
to
ap
p
lied
d
ata
m
i
n
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
with
a
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
r
is
k
f
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
d
en
g
u
e
p
r
e
v
en
tio
n
.
Den
g
u
e
is
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
p
r
o
b
lem
wo
r
l
d
wid
e.
I
t
h
as b
ee
n
esti
m
ated
th
at
ab
o
u
t
2
.
5
b
illi
o
n
in
d
i
v
i
d
u
als,
a
s
tag
g
er
in
g
4
0
% o
f
th
e
wo
r
ld
p
o
p
u
latio
n
,
in
h
a
b
it
ar
ea
s
wh
er
e
th
er
e
is
a
r
is
k
o
f
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
d
en
g
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e
f
e
v
er
,
an
d
th
at
th
e
d
is
ea
s
e
b
u
r
d
e
n
h
as in
cr
ea
s
ed
at
least f
o
u
r
f
o
l
d
in
th
e
last
th
r
ee
d
ec
ad
es [
2
1
]
.
No
wad
ay
s
,
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(
I
T
)
is
wid
ely
u
s
ed
a
n
d
ap
p
lied
to
h
ea
lth
s
cien
ce
r
esear
ch
[
2
2
]
an
d
g
l
o
b
ally
c
o
m
p
u
te
r
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
s
to
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e,
r
etr
iev
e,
tr
an
s
m
it,
an
d
m
a
n
ip
u
late
d
ata
o
r
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
An
o
t
h
er
way
to
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
th
e
d
ata
is
b
y
em
p
lo
y
in
g
d
ata
m
in
in
g
.
C
u
r
r
en
tl
y
,
d
ata
m
in
in
g
is
p
r
e
v
alen
t
d
u
e
to
its
tr
em
en
d
o
u
s
s
u
cc
ess
in
v
ar
io
u
s
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
ev
er
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
co
m
p
le
x
ity
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
ts
h
as
cr
ea
ted
n
ew
ch
allen
g
es
f
o
r
th
e
d
ata
m
in
in
g
wo
r
ld
to
h
a
n
d
le
v
a
r
io
u
s
ch
allen
g
es
[
2
3
]
co
r
r
elate
d
wi
th
C
h
en
et
a
l.
[
2
0
]
s
tu
d
ied
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
d
ata
m
i
n
in
g
in
m
an
y
m
ed
ical
task
s
,
s
u
ch
as
in
d
is
ea
s
e
d
iag
n
o
s
is
an
d
a
tr
ea
tm
en
t
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
,
d
iag
n
o
s
is
o
f
d
em
en
tia
am
o
n
g
th
e
e
ld
er
ly
p
e
o
p
le
[
2
4
]
,
a
n
d
t
o
th
e
d
iag
n
o
s
is
o
f
b
alan
ce
d
is
o
r
d
er
s
,
as
well
as
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
f
o
r
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
b
e
r
eq
u
e
s
ted
at
ea
ch
s
tep
o
f
th
e
d
iag
n
o
s
tic
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
F
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
ts
i
n
t
h
i
s
r
es
e
a
r
c
h
,
t
h
e
c
o
n
f
i
d
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n
c
e
l
e
v
e
l
o
f
t
h
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m
o
d
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l
e
x
c
e
e
d
s
9
0
p
e
r
c
e
n
t
,
w
h
i
c
h
i
s
a
n
a
c
c
e
p
t
a
b
l
e
l
e
v
e
l
[
2
5
]
c
o
r
r
e
la
t
ed
w
i
t
h
W
o
n
g
k
o
o
n
e
t
a
l
.
[
1
4
]
f
o
u
n
d
t
h
a
t
s
m
a
ll
w
at
e
r
-
h
o
l
d
i
n
g
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
e
r
s
w
e
r
e
t
h
e
b
r
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e
d
i
n
g
s
o
u
r
c
e
o
f
A
e
.
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e
g
y
p
t
i
.
I
n
o
r
d
e
r
t
h
a
t
J
o
m
o
n
a
n
d
V
a
l
a
m
p
a
r
a
m
p
i
l
[
2
6
]
m
e
n
t
i
o
n
e
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
s
i
g
n
i
f
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ca
n
t
h
a
b
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t
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ts
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f
m
o
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q
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it
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t
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b
b
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p
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a
n
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a
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n
cl
u
d
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n
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o
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t
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n
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r
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c
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as
c
o
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t
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h
e
l
ls
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v
a
r
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o
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s
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y
p
es
o
f
c
o
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e
r
s
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a
n
d
t
r
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e
h
o
l
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.
B
r
e
e
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i
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h
a
s
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o
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s
e
r
v
e
d
i
n
d
r
ai
n
s
,
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
o
o
l
s
,
r
o
c
k
p
o
o
l
s
,
ca
n
a
l
s
,
p
a
d
d
y
f
i
e
l
d
s
,
t
a
n
k
s
,
a
n
d
o
t
h
e
r
m
i
n
o
r
h
a
b
i
t
a
t
s
[
2
7
]
.
W
e
f
o
u
n
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
A
p
r
i
o
r
i
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
s
h
o
w
e
d
e
i
g
h
t
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
ti
o
n
r
u
l
e
s
w
i
t
h
0
.
9
4
-
1
.
0
0
c
o
n
f
i
d
e
n
c
e
.
T
h
e
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
a
n
d
w
at
er
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
e
r
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
a
f
f
e
c
te
d
A
e
d
e
s
l
a
r
v
a
e
.
W
a
t
e
r
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
e
r
w
it
h
d
a
r
k
c
o
l
o
r
,
w
a
t
er
l
e
v
e
l
o
f
2
5
-
5
0
%
,
m
i
s
s
i
n
g
a
lid
,
a
n
d
c
l
e
a
n
i
n
g
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
a
f
f
e
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t
e
d
A
e
d
e
s
la
r
v
a
e
.
Fre
q
u
en
t item
s
et
m
in
in
g
lead
s
to
th
e
d
is
co
v
e
r
y
o
f
ass
o
ciatio
n
s
am
o
n
g
item
s
.
I
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
th
e
tw
o
alter
n
ativ
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
f
o
r
g
e
n
er
atin
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
t
item
s
ets
wer
e
Ap
r
io
r
i
a
n
d
FP
-
Gr
o
wth
.
A
p
r
io
r
i
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
ess
en
tial
in
ass
o
ciatio
n
r
u
le
m
in
in
g
.
Gar
g
an
d
Gu
lia
[
2
7
]
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
it
h
as
b
ee
n
f
o
u
n
d
u
s
ef
u
l
in
m
an
y
ap
p
licatio
n
s
lik
e
m
ar
k
et
b
ask
e
t
an
aly
s
is
an
d
f
in
a
n
cial
f
o
r
ec
a
s
tin
g
.
I
n
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
,
T
h
o
n
g
k
a
m
et
a
l.
[
2
8
]
u
s
ed
th
e
FP
-
Gr
o
wth
h
as
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
in
th
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
m
e
d
ical
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
,
s
u
ch
as
f
o
r
ca
n
ce
r
.
Ap
r
io
r
i
alg
o
r
ith
m
u
tili
ze
s
a
lev
el
-
wi
s
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
wh
er
e
it
will
g
en
er
ate
p
atter
n
s
f
ir
s
t
co
n
tain
in
g
1
item
,
th
en
2
item
s
,
an
d
3
item
s
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
it
will
r
ep
ea
ted
ly
s
ca
n
th
e
d
ata
b
ase
to
co
u
n
t
th
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
o
f
ea
c
h
p
atter
n
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
FP
-
Gr
o
wth
u
tili
ze
s
a
d
ep
th
-
f
ir
s
t
s
ea
r
ch
in
s
tead
o
f
a
b
r
ea
d
th
-
f
ir
s
t
s
ea
r
ch
,
an
d
u
s
es
a
p
atter
n
-
g
r
o
wth
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
[
2
8
]
.
W
e
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
t
h
e
FP
-
Gr
o
wth
tech
n
i
q
u
e
c
o
u
ld
b
u
ild
m
o
r
e
ass
o
ciatio
n
r
u
les
th
an
th
e
Ap
r
io
r
i
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
with
a
to
tal
o
f
1
9
r
u
les.
T
h
e
c
o
n
f
id
en
ce
o
f
FP
-
Gr
o
wth
is
9
0
.
0
0
%,
with
1
.
3
2
-
2
.
6
6
lift
th
at
is
m
o
r
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
th
an
1
.
0
0
.
T
h
e
FP
-
Gr
o
wth
wa
s
b
etter
s
u
ited
with
th
ese
d
ata
th
an
th
e
Ap
r
i
o
r
i a
lg
o
r
ith
m
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
Nag
a
o
et
a
l.
[
2
9
]
,
th
e
b
r
ee
d
in
g
o
f
m
o
s
q
u
ito
lar
v
ae
o
cc
u
r
s
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
r
ain
y
s
ea
s
o
n
,
wh
ich
is
co
n
s
is
ten
t
with
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
th
at
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
e
n
g
u
e
p
atien
ts
in
T
h
ailan
d
g
en
er
ally
b
eg
in
s
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
ab
o
u
t
1
m
o
n
th
a
f
ter
th
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r
ain
o
cc
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r
s
,
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
f
ir
s
t
h
alf
o
f
th
e
r
ain
y
s
ea
s
o
n
[
2
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
W
o
n
g
k
o
o
n
et
a
l.
[
1
4
]
s
tu
d
ied
th
e
r
elate
d
f
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
d
en
g
u
e
f
ev
er
,
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
wa
ter
co
n
tain
er
s
an
d
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
s
ar
o
u
n
d
th
e
h
o
u
s
e.
T
h
e
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ata
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[
2
9
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1
1
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m
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q
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1
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f
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two
s
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m
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s
q
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ty
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m
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t
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f
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f
m
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a
eg
yp
ti,
A
e.
a
lb
o
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s
,
an
d
C
u
lex
s
p
.
D
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g
u
e
f
ev
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d
th
e
s
p
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ea
d
o
f
m
o
s
q
u
ito
lar
v
ae
ar
e
a
th
r
ea
t to
th
e
lo
ca
l p
eo
p
le.
I
n
ar
ea
s
wh
er
e
d
en
g
u
e
is
p
r
ev
alen
t,
s
tan
d
ar
d
p
r
ac
tices
o
f
d
en
g
u
e
p
r
ev
e
n
tio
n
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
in
p
lace
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u
lar
ly
t
o
av
o
i
d
m
o
s
q
u
ito
b
ites
as
well
as
to
p
r
ev
en
t
m
o
s
q
u
ito
b
r
ee
d
in
g
.
T
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
ty
m
em
b
er
s
s
h
o
u
ld
p
r
ac
tice
s
elf
-
p
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o
tectio
n
m
ea
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s
u
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as
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u
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m
o
s
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ep
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o
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u
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et,
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d
o
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s
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s
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ese
m
ea
s
u
r
es
h
elp
p
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ev
e
n
t
m
o
s
q
u
ito
b
ites
.
Me
an
wh
il
e,
Said
et
a
l.
[
3
0
]
m
en
tio
n
ed
g
o
o
d
p
r
ac
tices
with
d
o
m
esti
c
wate
r
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lik
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co
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e
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th
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wate
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an
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wate
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s
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ac
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d
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g
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
R
ec
en
t
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
s
u
g
g
est
th
at
th
e
FP
-
Gr
o
wth
is
m
o
r
e
s
u
ita
b
le
f
o
r
th
e
d
ata
in
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
th
an
Ap
r
io
r
i
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
T
h
e
f
ac
to
r
s
ass
o
cia
ted
with
d
en
g
u
e
in
f
ec
tio
n
,
in
c
lu
d
in
g
co
m
m
u
n
ity
ar
ea
,
d
e
n
s
ely
p
o
p
u
lated
ar
ea
,
an
d
ag
r
ic
u
ltu
r
al
ar
ea
.
T
h
e
co
n
tain
er
f
ac
to
r
s
in
clu
d
ed
b
i
g
jar
s
,
s
m
all
jar
s
,
p
last
ic
tan
k
s
,
wa
s
te
co
n
tain
er
s
,
an
d
ce
m
en
t
tan
k
s
.
W
ater
lev
el
o
f
2
5
-
7
5
%,
d
ar
k
c
o
lo
r
ed
c
o
n
tai
n
er
with
o
u
t
lid
,
n
o
clea
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
co
n
tain
e
r
,
o
r
clea
n
in
g
less
o
f
ten
th
an
twice
a
wee
k
co
n
tr
ib
u
ted
to
h
a
v
in
g
A
e.
a
eg
yp
ti
,
A
e
.
a
lb
o
p
ictu
s
,
an
d
C
u
lex
s
p
.
lar
v
ae
.
T
h
e
ass
o
ciatio
n
r
u
les
f
r
o
m
FP
-
Gr
o
wth
alg
o
r
ith
m
wer
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
DHFR
S.
Ou
r
f
in
d
in
g
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
c
o
n
clu
s
iv
e
ev
id
en
ce
th
at
th
is
p
h
en
o
m
en
o
n
is
ass
o
ciate
d
wi
th
th
e
r
esu
lts
d
is
p
lay
ed
to
a
u
s
er
in
s
tr
u
ct
in
clea
n
in
g
wate
r
co
n
tain
er
s
,
as
well
as
b
ased
o
n
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
th
e
h
o
u
s
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
ab
o
u
t
s
af
ety
r
eg
ar
d
i
n
g
m
o
s
q
u
ito
lar
v
ae
an
d
d
en
g
u
e
f
ev
e
r
in
f
ec
tio
n
s
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
if
we
h
a
v
e
m
o
r
e
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
,
th
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
m
o
d
els
m
ay
ch
a
n
g
e,
an
d
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
m
ay
also
in
cr
ea
s
e.
Fu
tu
r
e
s
tu
d
ies
m
ay
ex
p
lo
r
e
wh
e
th
er
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
u
s
ef
u
l
to
d
en
g
u
e
v
ec
to
r
p
r
e
v
en
tio
n
a
n
d
to
h
ea
lth
s
er
v
ice
co
m
m
u
n
it
ies,
in
p
lan
n
in
g
an
d
o
p
er
atio
n
al
ac
tiv
ities
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
th
an
k
Sep
p
o
J
.
Kar
r
ila
f
o
r
co
n
s
tr
u
ctiv
e
co
m
m
en
ts
o
n
th
e
m
an
u
s
cr
ip
t.
T
h
e
wo
r
k
was
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
Prin
ce
o
f
So
n
g
k
l
a
Un
iv
er
s
ity
,
Su
r
at
T
h
an
i Cam
p
u
s
.
W
e
also
th
an
k
th
e
B
u
r
ea
u
o
f
E
p
id
em
io
lo
g
y
,
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
f
o
r
d
en
g
u
e
ca
s
e
d
ata
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
W
H
O
,
“
D
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3
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d
:
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.
1
0
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2
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.
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O
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.
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:
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:
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w
w
.
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g
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[
2
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S
.
W
o
n
g
k
o
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n
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M
.
J
a
r
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e
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s
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K
.
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a
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p
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a
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n
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c
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B
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o
m
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c
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n
e
,
v
o
l
.
3
3
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
5
5
–
7
0
,
2
0
1
6
.
[
3
]
Z.
H
e
r
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
S
e
v
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r
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t
y
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f
p
l
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sm
a
l
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k
a
g
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l
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s
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f
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f
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r
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g
a
mm
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-
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d
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c
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b
l
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1
0
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4
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2
8
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il
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ly
ti
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ti
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sm
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rt
fa
rm
in
g
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i
n
tern
e
t
o
f
th
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g
s
(I
o
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sm
a
rt
h
e
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lt
h
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d
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m
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rk
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m
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rk
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ti
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g
fo
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S
h
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c
a
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c
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tac
ted
a
t
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m
a
il
:
siriwa
n
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wo
@p
su
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a
c
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th
.
Be
n
ja
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H
n
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suwa
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c
e
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M
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m
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ti
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p
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F
a
c
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lt
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S
c
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d
I
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d
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strial
Tec
h
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g
y
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P
ri
n
c
e
o
f
S
o
n
g
k
la
Un
iv
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rsity
,
S
u
ra
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T
h
a
n
i
Ca
m
p
u
s,
Th
a
il
a
n
d
.
Cu
rre
n
tl
y
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sh
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a
sy
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m
s
a
n
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ly
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Ad
d
p
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y
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e
rv
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P
o
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td
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r
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sm
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rt
h
e
a
lt
h
,
in
tern
e
t
o
f
th
in
g
s
(I
o
T)
,
a
n
d
m
a
c
h
in
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lea
rn
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g
.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
tu
m
h
n
u
su
wa
n
@
g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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Lec
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h
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o
f
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n
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k
la
Un
iv
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S
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m
p
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s,
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Th
a
il
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n
d
.
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ti
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tern
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t
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a
n
d
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b
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rg
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He
c
a
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b
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c
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t
a
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ted
a
t
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m
a
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:
k
rit
sa
d
a
.
p
u
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s
u
.
a
c
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th
.
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wa
p
o
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a
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d
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d
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p
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ti
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m
fro
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la
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iv
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f
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l
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a
n
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in
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M
.
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d
e
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k
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rre
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h
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c
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De
p
a
rtme
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t
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In
fo
rm
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ti
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M
a
n
a
g
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m
e
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t,
F
a
c
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lt
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o
f
Hu
m
a
n
it
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a
n
d
S
o
c
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S
c
ien
c
e
s,
P
r
in
c
e
o
f
S
o
n
g
k
la
Un
i
v
e
rsity
,
P
a
tt
a
n
i
Ca
m
p
u
s.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
st
s
in
c
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d
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n
fo
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m
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ti
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sc
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in
f
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k
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a
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m
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t,
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l
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g
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d
m
in
istratio
n
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a
n
d
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d
u
c
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ti
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l
tec
h
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g
y
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d
o
p
t
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n
a
n
d
u
ti
li
z
a
ti
o
n
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
n
a
wa
p
o
n
.
k
@p
su
.
a
c
.
th
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.