I
AE
S
I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Art
if
icia
l In
t
ellig
ence
(
I
J
-
AI
)
Vo
l.
4
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
5
,
p
p
.
1
1
8
~
1
2
8
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8938
118
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
jo
u
r
n
a
l.c
o
m/o
n
lin
e/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/I
J
AI
Co
nv
ention
a
l DC
Vo
ltag
e O
pe
ra
tin
g
Sys
te
m
f
o
r
H
ig
h Speee
d
Tra
ction Pow
er Supplies Using
LL
C
-
H
P
Q
C
Co
ntrol
Ch.
L
eni
n B
a
bu
,
P
.
H
a
rina
t
h Re
dd
y
,
T
.
Red
di Se
kh
a
r
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
EE
E,
A
n
n
a
m
a
c
h
a
r
y
a
In
stit
u
te o
f
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
s,
Ra
ja
m
p
e
t
,
Ka
d
a
p
a
,
A
n
d
h
ra
P
ra
d
e
sh
,
I
n
d
ia
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Au
g
u
s
t
3
,
2
0
1
5
R
ev
i
s
ed
Oct
7
,
2
0
1
5
A
cc
ep
ted
No
v
1
3
,
2
0
1
5
In
th
is
p
a
p
e
r
a
h
y
b
rid
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
li
ty
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
to
r
(HP
QC)
is
p
ro
p
o
se
d
f
o
r
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
in
c
o
p
h
a
se
trac
ti
o
n
p
o
w
e
r
su
p
p
ly
a
n
d
m
in
i
m
u
m
d
c
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
v
o
lt
a
g
e
is
a
c
h
iev
a
b
le
f
o
r
h
ig
h
-
sp
e
e
d
trac
ti
o
n
p
o
w
e
r
su
p
p
ly
.
T
h
e
p
a
ra
m
e
te
r
d
e
sig
n
p
r
o
c
e
d
u
re
f
o
r
m
in
im
u
m
d
c
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
v
o
lt
a
g
e
in
H
P
QC
a
s
we
ll
a
s
m
in
i
m
u
m
v
o
lt
a
g
e
ra
ti
n
g
w
it
h
lo
a
d
P
F
is
d
isc
u
ss
e
d
.
T
h
e
d
e
taile
d
d
isc
u
ss
io
n
s
o
f
p
ro
p
o
se
d
c
ircu
it
c
o
n
f
ig
u
ra
ti
o
n
s
o
f
HP
QC
a
re
p
ro
v
i
d
e
d
i
n
se
c
ti
o
n
II,
to
g
e
th
e
r
w
it
h
c
o
m
p
a
riso
n
w
it
h
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
R
P
C.
I
n
c
o
m
p
a
riso
n
w
it
h
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
ra
il
w
a
y
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
to
r
p
ro
p
o
se
d
H
P
QC
c
a
n
a
c
h
iev
e
re
d
u
c
e
d
d
c
li
n
k
v
o
lt
a
g
e
lev
e
l.
It
is
a
lso
v
e
rif
i
e
d
th
ro
u
g
h
sim
u
latio
n
s
re
su
lt
s
th
a
t
th
e
L
L
C
-
HP
QC
w
o
u
ld
o
p
e
ra
te
a
t
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
v
o
lt
a
g
e
w
it
h
th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
p
a
ra
m
e
ter
d
e
sig
n
.
HPQC
is
a
b
le
t
o
p
ro
v
i
d
e
sy
ste
m
u
n
b
a
la
n
c
e
s,
re
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r,
a
n
d
h
a
rm
o
n
ic
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
in
c
o
p
h
a
se
trac
ti
o
n
p
o
w
e
r
w
it
h
re
d
u
c
e
d
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
v
o
lt
a
g
e
.
T
h
e
c
o
p
h
a
se
trac
ti
o
n
p
o
w
e
r
su
p
p
ly
w
it
h
p
r
o
p
o
se
d
HP
QC i
s s
u
it
a
b
le f
o
r
h
ig
h
-
sp
e
e
d
t
ra
c
ti
o
n
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
:
A
p
p
licatio
n
s
DC
v
o
lta
g
e
H
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
tr
ac
tio
n
HP
QC
L
L
C
-
HP
QC
R
P
C
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
2
0
1
5
In
stit
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
C
h
.
L
en
in
B
ab
u
,
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
an
d
C
o
m
p
u
ter
E
n
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
,
An
n
a
m
ac
h
ar
y
a
I
n
s
ti
t
u
te
o
f
T
e
ch
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
Scien
ce
s
,
R
aj
a
m
p
et,
Kad
ap
a,
A
n
d
h
r
a
P
r
ad
esh
,
I
n
d
ia
.
E
m
ail:
c
h
.
len
i
n
b
ab
u
@
g
m
a
il.c
o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
I
n
elec
tr
if
ied
r
ail
w
a
y
s
y
s
te
m
s
r
ail
w
a
y
lo
co
m
o
tiv
e
s
ar
e
tr
ea
ted
as
s
in
g
le
-
p
h
ase
lo
ad
s
,
th
e
s
p
ee
d
an
d
lo
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
th
e
tr
ain
al
w
a
y
s
ch
a
n
g
es
f
r
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
w
h
ich
ca
n
ca
u
s
e
th
e
lo
w
p
o
w
er
f
ac
t
o
r
,
h
ig
h
co
n
te
n
ts
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
t
s
,
an
d
n
e
g
ati
v
e
-
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
cu
r
r
en
ts
i
n
tr
ac
ti
o
n
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
C
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
p
ass
i
v
e
p
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
co
m
p
e
n
s
a
to
r
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
an
d
p
ass
iv
e
f
ilte
r
s
,
ar
e
s
in
g
le
-
p
h
a
s
e
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
ar
e
i
n
s
tal
led
i
n
ea
c
h
f
ee
d
er
o
f
a
tr
ac
tio
n
s
u
b
s
tatio
n
s
ep
ar
atel
y
.
U
s
u
a
ll
y
,
t
h
e
co
u
p
li
n
g
f
ac
to
r
b
et
w
ee
n
t
w
o
f
ee
d
er
s
is
n
eg
lec
ted
d
u
e
to
th
e
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
ea
ch
p
ass
iv
e
co
m
p
en
s
ato
r
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
p
ass
iv
e
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
ca
n
n
o
t
ad
j
u
s
t
th
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
f
le
x
ib
l
y
,
w
h
er
e
o
v
er
-
an
d
u
n
d
er
-
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
o
cc
u
r
f
r
eq
u
en
tl
y
d
u
e
to
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
t
l
y
ch
a
n
g
ed
lo
ad
.
C
o
p
h
ase
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
ly
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
n
e
w
l
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
h
ich
s
o
lv
e
th
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
o
f
ex
ce
s
s
i
v
e
n
eu
tr
al
s
ec
tio
n
s
i
n
s
tal
latio
n
in
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
lies
.
E
li
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
n
eu
tr
al
s
ec
tio
n
s
m
a
y
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
v
elo
c
it
y
lo
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
lo
co
m
o
ti
v
es,
a
n
d
co
p
h
ase
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
th
u
s
h
as
h
i
g
h
p
o
ten
tial
as
h
i
g
h
-
s
p
ee
d
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
l
y
s
y
s
te
m
.
L
o
co
m
o
ti
v
e
l
o
ad
s
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
ac
r
o
s
s
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
s
i
n
g
le
-
p
h
ase
o
u
tp
u
t
to
a
v
o
id
r
is
k
o
f
p
h
ase
m
i
x
in
g
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
d
ev
ice
(
s
u
ch
a
s
R
P
C
)
i
s
t
h
en
co
n
n
ec
ted
i
n
to
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
y
s
te
m
p
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
I
n
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
a
h
y
b
r
id
d
ev
i
ce
co
m
b
in
i
n
g
ac
ti
v
e
a
n
d
p
ass
iv
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
ato
r
s
,
n
a
m
e
d
as
t
h
e
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
co
m
p
en
s
ato
r
(
HP
QC
)
,
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
i
n
co
p
h
ase
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
l
y
.
T
h
e
p
ar
am
eter
d
esig
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
f
o
r
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
HP
QC
v
o
lta
g
e
o
p
er
atio
n
as
w
el
l
as
t
h
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
v
o
lta
g
e
r
atin
g
ac
h
iev
ab
le
is
d
i
s
cu
s
s
ed
.
Des
cr
ip
tio
n
s
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
cir
cu
it
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
s
o
f
co
p
h
a
s
e
t
r
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
w
i
t
h
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
-
AI
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8938
C
o
n
ve
n
tio
n
a
l D
C
V
o
lta
g
e
O
p
era
tin
g
S
ystem
fo
r
Hig
h
S
p
ee
e
d
Tr
a
ctio
n
…
(
C
h
.
Len
in
B
a
b
u
)
119
HP
QC
ar
e
to
g
et
h
er
w
i
th
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
w
it
h
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
R
P
C
.
T
h
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
d
esi
g
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
HP
QC
v
o
ltag
e
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
t
h
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
o
p
er
atio
n
v
o
lta
g
e
ac
h
iev
ab
le
is
in
v
esti
g
ated
.
2.
CO
NVEN
T
I
O
NA
L
AND
P
R
O
P
O
SE
D
SYS
T
E
M
CO
NF
I
G
URA
T
I
O
N
T
h
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
f
R
P
C
w
it
h
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
V/V
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
is
d
ep
icted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
2
2
0
-
k
V
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
h
i
g
h
-
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
is
co
n
v
er
ted
i
n
to
t
w
o
2
7
.
5
-
k
V
s
i
n
g
le
-
p
h
ase
v
o
lta
g
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
,
wh
ich
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
t
w
o
f
ee
d
e
r
s
ec
tio
n
s
,
v
i
a
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
V/V
tr
ac
t
io
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
T
h
e
tu
r
n
’
s
r
atio
o
f
th
e
V/V
tr
ac
t
io
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
is
K
v
.
T
h
e
R
P
C
,
c
o
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
t
w
o
co
n
v
er
ter
s
t
h
at
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
b
ac
k
to
b
ac
k
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
co
m
m
o
n
d
c
ca
p
ac
ito
r
w
it
h
a
s
tab
le
d
c
-
li
n
k
v
o
ltag
e,
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
t
w
o
f
ee
d
er
s
ec
tio
n
s
v
ia
t
w
o
s
tep
d
o
w
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
w
i
th
a
tu
r
n
s
r
at
io
o
f
K
D
.
T
h
e
t
w
o
co
n
v
er
ter
s
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
t
h
e
s
in
g
le
p
h
ase
s
tep
d
o
w
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
v
ia
o
u
tp
u
t
i
n
d
u
c
to
r
s
L
a
a
n
d
L
b
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
.
T
h
e
t
w
o
co
n
v
er
ter
s
ca
n
b
e
c
o
n
tr
o
lled
as
cu
r
r
en
t
s
o
u
r
ce
s
to
s
h
i
f
t
a
ce
r
tai
n
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
ac
ti
v
e
p
o
w
er
f
r
o
m
o
n
e
f
ee
d
er
s
ec
tio
n
to
th
e
o
t
h
er
.
T
h
ese
t
w
o
co
n
v
er
ter
s
ca
n
also
p
r
o
v
id
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
u
p
p
r
ess
io
n
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
.
Hen
ce
,
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
ac
h
ie
v
e
in
te
g
r
ated
co
m
p
en
s
at
io
n
o
f
n
e
g
ati
v
e
-
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
cu
r
r
en
ts
,
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
,
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
ir
cu
it
C
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
E
x
i
s
ti
n
g
co
P
h
ase
T
r
a
ctio
n
P
o
w
er
Su
p
p
l
y
S
y
s
te
m
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
2
th
e
cir
cu
i
t
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
c
o
p
h
ase
tr
ac
tio
n
P
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
l
y
w
it
h
L
L
C
-
HP
QC
is
s
h
o
w
n
.
I
n
co
n
tr
a
s
t
to
C
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e,
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
V
ac
p
h
ase
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
v
ia
a
ca
p
ac
iti
v
e
co
u
p
led
h
y
b
r
id
L
L
C
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e.
As
w
ill
b
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
later
,
th
i
s
r
e
s
u
l
ts
in
t
h
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
co
n
v
er
ter
d
c
b
u
s
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
HP
QC
.
Fo
r
b
etter
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
d
i
s
cu
s
s
io
n
s
,
t
h
e
d
etailed
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
an
d
p
h
y
s
ical
d
e
f
i
n
iti
o
n
s
o
f
R
P
C
in
th
e
co
n
v
en
t
io
n
al
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e
a
n
d
HP
QC
in
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
C
ir
cu
it
C
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
C
o
P
h
ase
T
r
ac
tio
n
P
o
w
er
Su
p
p
l
y
w
i
th
L
L
C
-
HP
QC
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8938
IJ
-
AI
Vo
l.
4
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
5
:
1
1
8
–
1
2
8
120
Sin
ce
tr
ac
t
io
n
lo
ad
s
ar
e
m
o
s
tl
y
in
d
u
cti
v
e,
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
co
n
ten
t
s
ar
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
b
as
ed
o
n
th
e
ass
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
in
d
u
cti
v
e
lo
ad
in
g
s
.
T
h
e
v
ec
to
r
d
iag
r
a
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
V
ac
p
h
ase
co
n
v
er
ter
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
R
P
C
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
H
P
QC
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
w
i
th
ca
p
ac
iti
v
e
co
u
p
led
L
L
C
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
th
e
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
o
f
V
in
v
a
LLC
i
n
HP
QC
ca
n
b
e
les
s
t
h
a
n
t
h
at
o
f
V
in
v
a
LL
in
R
P
C
u
n
d
er
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
a
tio
n
cu
r
r
en
t.
T
h
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
m
ath
e
m
atic
al
e
x
p
r
ess
io
n
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
(
1
)
an
d
(
2
)
i
n
v
a
L
q
i
n
v
a
L
p
i
n
v
a
L
V
V
V
2
2
2
2
La
c
a
p
La
c
a
q
ac
X
I
X
I
V
(
1
)
i
n
v
a
L
L
C
q
i
n
v
a
L
L
C
p
i
n
v
a
L
L
C
V
V
V
2
2
2
2
L
L
C
a
c
a
p
L
L
C
a
c
a
q
ac
X
I
X
I
V
(
2
)
W
h
er
e
PF
PF
I
I
L
c
a
q
1
c
os
s
i
n
3
2
1
an
d
PF
I
I
L
c
a
p
2
1
Sin
ce
t
h
e
h
ig
h
s
p
ee
d
r
ail
w
a
y
lo
co
m
o
ti
v
es
ar
e
o
f
te
n
d
r
iv
e
n
b
y
f
o
u
r
q
u
ad
r
an
t
P
W
M
co
n
v
er
ter
s
th
e
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
o
f
t
w
o
f
ee
d
er
s
ec
tio
n
s
is
n
ea
r
l
y
1
.
I
n
F
ig
u
r
e
2
.
V
inv
a
LL
C
P
o
s
s
es
a
U
o
r
V
s
h
ap
ed
s
u
r
f
ac
e
s
p
ec
if
y
in
g
m
in
i
m
u
m
v
o
lta
g
e
o
p
er
atin
g
p
o
in
t
w
i
th
HP
QC
.
C
o
m
p
ar
e
to
th
at
in
R
P
C
th
e
v
alu
e
i
s
less
t
h
an
1
in
d
icati
n
g
t
h
at
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
o
f
co
n
v
er
ter
is
les
s
th
a
n
th
at
o
f
m
ain
s
u
p
p
l
y
.
T
h
e
v
ec
to
r
d
iag
r
a
m
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
V
ac
p
h
ase
co
n
v
er
ter
in
HP
QC
a
n
d
R
P
C
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
b
el
o
w
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Vec
to
r
Diag
r
a
m
S
h
o
w
i
n
g
th
e
O
p
er
atio
n
o
f
V
a
c
P
h
ase
C
o
n
v
er
ter
in
(
a)
R
P
C
o
f
t
h
e
C
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
S
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
an
d
(
b
)
HP
QC
o
f
th
e
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
S
tr
u
ctu
r
e
Fro
m
(
1
)
an
d
(
2
)
it
ca
n
b
e
c
o
n
clu
d
ed
t
h
at
t
h
e
v
al
u
es
o
f
V
inv
a
L
a
n
d
V
in
v
a
LL
C
ar
e
d
ep
en
d
en
t
o
n
th
e
p
h
ase
i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
o
f
V
a
an
d
V
b
p
h
ases
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
-
AI
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8938
C
o
n
ve
n
tio
n
a
l D
C
V
o
lta
g
e
O
p
era
tin
g
S
ystem
fo
r
Hig
h
S
p
ee
e
d
Tr
a
ctio
n
…
(
C
h
.
Len
in
B
a
b
u
)
121
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Deta
iled
Stru
ct
u
r
e
an
d
P
h
y
s
ical
De
f
i
n
itio
n
s
o
f
(
a
)
E
x
is
t
in
g
S
y
s
te
m
U
s
ed
in
Hi
g
h
Sp
ee
d
T
r
ac
tio
n
(b
)
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
Sy
s
te
m
o
f
HP
QC
in
C
o
p
h
ase
T
r
ac
tio
n
3.
P
ARAM
E
T
E
R
D
E
SI
G
N
P
R
O
CE
DUR
E
F
O
R
M
I
NIM
U
M
DC
VO
T
AG
E
O
P
E
RA
T
I
O
N
O
F
H
P
Q
C
T
h
e
d
esig
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
o
f
p
h
ase
co
u
p
led
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
s
o
f
V
ac
an
d
V
bc
p
h
ases
ar
e
e
x
p
lain
ed
in
th
i
s
s
ec
tio
n
an
d
also
th
e
i
n
v
esti
g
a
tio
n
o
f
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
d
c
v
o
lta
g
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
HP
QC
is
ac
h
iev
ed
.
W
ith
lo
ad
P
F
o
f
0
.
8
5
th
e
m
in
i
m
u
m
v
al
u
e
o
f
V
i
nv
a
LLC
in
HP
QC
i
s
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
at
el
y
4
8
% o
f
V
ac
p
h
ase
v
o
lta
g
e.
T
h
e
o
p
er
atin
g
p
o
in
t
ca
n
b
e
t
u
n
ed
alo
n
g
t
h
e
c
u
r
v
e
b
y
ch
a
n
g
in
g
th
e
V
ac
co
u
p
led
i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
HP
QC
i
s
lo
ca
ted
at
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
v
o
lta
g
e
o
p
er
atio
n
p
o
in
t v
ia
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
p
ar
a
m
eter
d
esig
n
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
.
3
.
1
.
P
ha
s
e
Co
up
led
I
m
pe
da
nce
Desig
n V
ac
T
h
e
v
ec
to
r
d
iag
r
a
m
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
o
p
er
ati
o
n
o
f
V
ac
p
h
ase
co
n
v
er
ter
in
HP
QC
u
n
d
er
m
in
i
m
u
m
v
o
ltag
e
o
p
er
atio
n
is
g
i
v
en
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
o
f
V
inv
a
LLC
o
cc
u
r
s
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
cu
r
r
e
n
t
I
ca
is
in
p
h
ase
w
i
th
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
V
inv
a
LLC
f
o
r
f
u
r
t
h
er
ca
lcu
lat
io
n
o
f
p
o
w
er
an
g
le
as
ca
.
T
h
e
m
at
h
e
m
atica
l
r
elatio
n
ca
n
b
e
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
Fig
u
r
e.
6
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Vec
to
r
Diag
r
a
m
S
h
o
w
i
n
g
th
e
O
p
er
atio
n
o
f
V
ac
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8938
IJ
-
AI
Vo
l.
4
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
5
:
1
1
8
–
1
2
8
122
ca
ac
L
L
C
a
ca
n
i
n
v
a
L
L
C
L
L
C
a
V
X
I
V
V
s
i
n
m
i
n
_
(
3
)
T
h
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
p
h
a
s
e
co
u
p
led
im
p
ed
an
ce
X
LLCa
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
V
in
v
a
LL
C
i
s
d
eter
m
in
ed
as
ca
ca
ac
i
n
v
a
LL
C
LL
C
a
I
V
V
X
si
n
m
i
n
_
(
4
)
T
h
e
u
lti
m
a
te
g
o
al
o
f
p
ar
a
m
eter
d
esig
n
i
s
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
V
ac
p
h
a
s
e
co
u
p
led
in
d
u
ctan
ce
L
a
an
d
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
C
a
f
o
r
p
r
ac
tic
al
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
li
n
k
a
g
e
o
f
X
LL
Ca
w
it
h
C
a
an
d
L
a
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
cir
cu
it a
n
a
l
y
s
is
a
n
d
th
e
eq
u
ati
o
n
is
a
a
a
ca
ca
ac
i
n
v
a
L
C
L
C
a
C
C
L
I
V
V
X
1
s
i
n
2
m
i
n
_
(
5
)
T
h
e
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
L
a
an
d
C
a
w
i
t
h
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
1
5
MV
A
,
V
ac
o
f
2
7
.
5
KV
an
d
lo
ad
P
F o
f
0
.
8
5
s
atis
f
ies t
h
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
w
h
ic
h
is
p
r
ese
n
te
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Var
iatio
n
o
f
L
a
w
it
h
C
a
f
o
r
Min
i
m
u
m
d
c
Vo
ltag
e
O
p
er
atio
n
Fro
m
th
is
F
ig
u
r
e
w
e
ca
n
o
b
s
er
v
e
t
h
at
t
h
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
e
t
w
ee
n
L
a
a
n
d
C
a
f
o
r
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
HP
QC
v
o
ltag
e
i
s
n
o
n
-
l
in
ea
r
i
f
th
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
C
a
e
x
ce
ed
s
t
h
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
ca
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
s
i
m
ilar
to
R
P
C
.
3
.
2
.
P
ha
s
e
Co
up
led
I
m
pe
da
nce
Desig
n V
bc
.
T
h
e
v
ec
to
r
d
iag
r
am
s
h
o
w
in
g
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
V
bc
p
h
ase
co
n
v
er
ter
in
HP
QC
in
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ce
w
ith
th
e
V
in
v
a
LL
C
-
mi
m
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
8
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Vec
to
r
DI
A
GR
AM
SHOW
I
NG
th
e
O
p
er
atio
n
o
f
HP
QC
w
i
th
Mi
n
i
m
u
m
d
c
Vo
lt
ag
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
-
AI
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8938
C
o
n
ve
n
tio
n
a
l D
C
V
o
lta
g
e
O
p
era
tin
g
S
ystem
fo
r
Hig
h
S
p
ee
e
d
Tr
a
ctio
n
…
(
C
h
.
Len
in
B
a
b
u
)
123
Ass
u
m
in
g
co
n
s
ta
n
t
lo
ad
P
F
a
n
d
ca
p
ac
it
y
th
e
v
ec
to
r
V
LLCb
v
ar
ies
alo
n
g
w
i
th
th
e
li
n
e
L
2
w
i
th
v
ar
y
i
n
g
p
h
ase
co
u
p
led
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
X
LL
Cb
.
T
w
o
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
p
o
in
ts
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
cir
cle
a
n
d
th
e
li
n
e
L
2
r
ep
r
ese
n
ts
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
p
o
in
ts
w
h
ic
h
s
ati
s
f
y
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
m
atc
h
i
n
g
w
it
h
V
inv
a
LLC
-
m
i
m
.
T
h
e
m
a
th
e
m
atica
l
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
th
e
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
o
f
cir
cle
an
d
t
h
e
lin
e
L
2
i
s
g
i
v
e
n
as
2
2
2
2
m
i
n
_
co
s
s
i
n
cb
LLCb
bc
cb
LLCb
i
n
v
a
L
L
C
V
V
V
V
(
6
)
A
lt
h
o
u
g
h
b
o
th
p
o
in
t
1
a
n
d
p
o
in
t
2
m
a
y
s
ati
s
f
y
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
m
atc
h
i
n
g
w
it
h
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
d
c
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
HP
QC
o
p
er
atio
n
p
o
in
t
2
is
p
r
e
f
er
r
ed
d
u
e
to
th
e
lo
w
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
o
f
X
LLCb
an
d
lo
w
er
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
s
3
.
3
.
M
ini
m
u
m
Vo
lt
a
g
e
O
pera
t
io
n o
f
H
P
Q
C
Ag
a
ins
t
L
o
a
d P
o
w
er
F
a
c
t
o
r
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
V
in
v
a
LLC
-
m
i
m
i
s
a
k
e
y
f
ac
to
r
f
o
r
d
eter
m
i
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
HP
QC
o
p
er
atio
n
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
v
alu
e
o
f
V
in
v
a
LL
C
i
n
HP
QC
V
in
v
a
LL
C
-
m
i
m
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
as
ac
ca
i
n
v
a
L
L
C
V
V
c
o
s
m
i
n
_
(
7
)
Neg
lecti
n
g
th
e
e
f
f
ec
t o
f
V
ac
p
h
ase
v
o
lta
g
e,
th
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
HP
QC
v
o
lta
g
e
is
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
ca
ac
i
n
v
a
L
L
C
V
V
K
c
os
m
i
n
_
m
i
n
(
8
)
I
t is n
o
w
o
b
v
io
u
s
t
h
at
t
h
e
m
in
i
m
u
m
HP
QC
v
o
lta
g
e
r
atin
g
is
d
ep
en
d
en
t o
n
l
y
o
n
th
e
p
o
w
er
an
g
le
o
f
I
ca
.
T
h
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
f
o
r
lo
ad
p
o
w
er
f
ac
t
o
r
is
PF
PF
PF
ca
2
1
c
o
s
s
i
n
3
2
1
t
a
n
1
1
(
9
)
T
h
e
g
r
ap
h
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
v
ar
iati
o
n
o
f
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
HP
QC
v
o
lta
g
e
r
atin
g
(
K
m
in
)
a
g
ain
s
t lo
ad
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
is
p
lo
tted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
9
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
Gr
ap
h
Sh
o
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
Var
iatio
n
o
f
HP
QC
Mi
n
i
m
u
m
Vo
ltag
e
w
it
h
L
o
ad
P
F
4.
CO
N
T
RO
L
T
H
E
O
RY
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
HP
QC
f
o
r
co
p
h
ase
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
l
y
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
T
h
e
th
eo
r
ies o
f
ac
ti
v
e
an
d
r
ea
cti
v
e
p
o
w
er
ar
e
ca
lc
u
lated
u
s
i
n
g
m
o
d
if
ied
in
s
tan
ta
n
eo
u
s
p
-
q
th
eo
r
ies
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8938
IJ
-
AI
Vo
l.
4
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
5
:
1
1
8
–
1
2
8
124
T
h
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
f
o
r
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
s
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
(
1
0
)
,
in
w
h
ic
h
V
ac
an
d
i
L
ar
e
th
e
lo
ad
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
r
m
s
,
w
h
ile
V
ac
a
n
d
LD
i
ar
e
9
0
◦
d
elay
o
f
lo
ad
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
p
L
an
d
q
L
r
ef
er
to
th
e
in
s
ta
n
ta
n
eo
u
s
lo
ad
ac
tiv
e
(
r
ea
l)
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
(
i
m
a
g
in
ar
y
)
p
o
w
er
Ld
ac
L
a
c
d
Ld
a
c
d
L
ac
L
L
i
v
i
v
i
v
i
v
q
p
.
.
.
.
(
1
0
)
T
h
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
w
er
p
ar
t p
L
ca
n
b
e
s
p
lit in
to
d
c
p
ar
t
dc
p
w
h
ich
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
th
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
a
v
er
ag
e
ac
tiv
e
lo
ad
p
o
w
er
;
a
n
d
o
s
cillatin
g
p
ar
t
ac
p
w
h
ic
h
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
th
e
o
s
cillatin
g
ac
ti
v
e
p
o
w
er
b
et
w
ee
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
lo
ad
an
d
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
as
p
ar
t
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
.
T
h
e
m
a
th
e
m
atica
l
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
ac
dc
L
p
p
p
(
1
1
)
T
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
co
m
p
e
n
s
ati
n
g
p
o
w
er
is
th
e
n
co
m
p
u
ted
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
r
eq
u
i
r
e
m
en
t,
a
s
ex
p
r
ess
ed
in
(
1
2
)
,
w
h
er
e
p
ca
an
d
q
ca
ar
e
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
co
m
p
en
s
a
tio
n
p
o
w
er
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
V
ac
p
h
ase
co
n
v
er
ter
,
w
h
ile
p
cb
a
n
d
q
cb
ar
e
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
ac
ti
v
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
p
o
w
er
f
r
o
m
th
e
V
bc
p
h
ase
co
n
v
er
ter
dc
dc
dc
ac
dc
cb
cb
ca
ca
p
p
q
p
p
p
q
p
q
p
3
2
1
2
1
3
2
1
2
1
(
1
2
)
T
h
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
p
h
ase
co
m
p
e
n
s
ati
o
n
cu
r
r
en
t
s
i
ca
*
a
n
d
i
cb
*
ar
e
ca
lcu
lated
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
eq
u
atio
n
s
(
1
3
)
an
d
(
1
4
)
ca
ca
a
cd
ac
a
cd
ac
ca
q
p
v
v
v
v
i
2
2
1
(
1
3
)
cb
cb
b
a
cd
bac
b
cd
bc
cb
q
p
v
v
v
v
i
2
2
1
(
1
4
)
T
h
e
co
m
p
u
ted
r
ef
er
en
ce
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
i
g
n
al
is
th
e
n
s
e
n
t
to
t
h
e
h
y
s
ter
esi
s
cu
r
r
e
n
t
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
w
h
ic
h
p
u
l
s
e
w
id
t
h
mo
d
u
lated
s
i
g
n
als ar
e
g
e
n
er
at
ed
f
o
r
th
e
elec
tr
o
n
ic
s
w
itc
h
e
s
o
f
V
ac
an
d
V
bc
P
h
ase
co
n
v
er
ter
s
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
C
o
n
tr
o
l b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
t
h
e
HP
QC
f
o
r
co
p
h
ase
t
r
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
l
y
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
-
AI
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8938
C
o
n
ve
n
tio
n
a
l D
C
V
o
lta
g
e
O
p
era
tin
g
S
ystem
fo
r
Hig
h
S
p
ee
e
d
Tr
a
ctio
n
…
(
C
h
.
Len
in
B
a
b
u
)
125
5.
SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
V
E
R
I
F
I
CA
T
I
O
NS
Si
m
u
lati
o
n
s
ar
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
u
s
in
g
M
A
T
L
A
B
to
v
er
if
y
t
h
e
a
b
o
v
e
th
eo
r
etica
l
s
tu
d
ie
s
.
T
h
e
s
ch
e
m
atic
cir
cu
it
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
HP
QC
f
o
r
h
ig
h
s
p
ee
d
tr
ac
tio
n
is
p
r
o
v
id
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
T
h
e
s
u
b
s
tatio
n
V/
V
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
i
s
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
t
w
o
2
0
MV
A
s
in
g
le
-
p
h
a
s
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
,
w
i
th
tu
r
n
i
n
g
r
atio
s
o
f
1
1
0
k
V
/2
7
.
5
k
V
an
d
1
1
0
k
V/1
3
.
7
5
k
V.
T
r
ac
tio
n
lo
ad
s
ar
e
s
i
m
u
lated
u
s
i
n
g
r
e
ctif
ier
R
L
lo
ad
,
w
i
th
li
n
ea
r
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
1
5
MV
A
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
at
io
n
d
e
v
ice
i
s
th
en
co
n
n
ec
ted
ac
r
o
s
s
t
h
e
t
w
o
s
i
n
g
le
-
p
h
a
s
e
o
u
tp
u
t
s
o
f
V/V
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
p
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
5.1.
C
oph
ase
T
ra
ct
i
on
P
o
w
er
Wi
t
h
out Co
m
pensa
t
i
on
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
w
it
h
o
u
t
co
m
p
en
s
at
io
n
is
v
er
i
f
ied
f
ir
s
t.
S
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e1
2
ar
e
th
e
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
s
o
u
r
ce
,
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
v
o
lta
g
e,
an
d
c
u
r
r
en
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
s
f
o
r
co
p
h
ase
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
w
i
th
o
u
t
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
.
F
r
o
m
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
2
w
e
co
n
c
lu
d
e
t
h
at
s
y
s
te
m
s
u
f
f
er
s
f
r
o
m
u
n
b
al
an
ce
,
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
a
n
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ics p
r
o
b
lem
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
C
ir
cu
it Sc
h
e
m
atic
o
f
th
e
S
y
s
te
m
u
n
d
er
I
n
v
est
ig
at
ed
in
Si
m
u
lat
io
n
Ver
i
f
icatio
n
s
Fig
u
r
e1
2
.
S
y
s
te
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
es o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
p
h
ase
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
w
it
h
o
u
t c
o
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
.
(
a)
T
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
p
o
w
er
s
o
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
cu
r
r
en
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
s
.
(
b
)
V
ac
an
d
V
bc
p
h
ase
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8938
IJ
-
AI
Vo
l.
4
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
5
:
1
1
8
–
1
2
8
126
T
ab
le
1
.
R
p
c
C
ir
cu
it P
ar
am
ete
r
s
Used
in
Si
m
u
latio
n
Ver
if
ica
tio
n
s
5.2.
C
oph
ase
t
rac
t
i
on p
o
w
er
w
i
t
h con
vent
i
ona
l
R
P
C
(
V
dc
=
41K
V
)
No
w
s
i
m
u
latio
n
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
o
n
co
p
h
ase
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
w
it
h
R
P
C
to
ex
a
m
in
e
t
h
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
T
h
e
R
P
C
cir
c
u
i
t
p
ar
am
e
ter
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
B
esid
e
C
a
th
e
o
th
er
v
al
u
es
ar
e
ch
o
s
e
n
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
d
esig
n
i
n
Sectio
n
I
I
I
.
As
p
er
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
o
f
d
esi
g
n
ed
R
P
C
th
e
d
c
-
li
n
k
v
o
lt
a
g
e
is
s
elec
ted
s
li
g
h
tl
y
h
i
g
h
er
th
a
n
th
e
p
ea
k
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
V
ac
p
h
a
s
e.
5.3.
C
oph
ase
T
ra
ct
i
on
P
o
w
er
w
i
t
h
P
rop
ose
d
H
PQC (V
dc
=
27 K
V
)
T
h
e
HP
QC
cir
cu
it
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
u
s
ed
i
n
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
s
i
s
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
T
ab
le
2
.
Sin
ce
th
e
lo
ad
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
ar
e
m
o
s
t
l
y
co
n
ce
n
t
r
ated
at
3
rd
an
d
5
th
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
t
al
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
t
h
e
v
a
lu
e
s
o
f
co
u
p
lin
g
i
n
d
u
c
tan
ce
an
d
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
ar
e
s
elec
ted
b
ased
o
n
th
e
5
th
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
.
Sy
s
te
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
es o
f
co
p
h
ase
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
w
it
h
R
P
C
(
V
dc
=
4
1
k
V)
.
(
a)
T
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
p
o
w
er
s
o
u
r
ce
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
s
.
(
b
)
V
ac
an
d
Vb
c
p
h
ase
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
cu
r
r
en
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
s
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
lated
lo
ad
P
F
is
ar
o
u
n
d
0
.
9
4
.
A
s
p
er
o
u
r
ex
a
m
i
n
ati
o
n
,
th
e
m
in
i
m
u
m
HP
QC
v
o
lta
g
e
r
atin
g
K
m
in
is
0
.
6
1
.
W
ith
tr
ac
tio
n
lo
a
d
elec
tr
if
ied
b
y
2
7
.
5
k
V,
th
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
v
al
u
e
o
f
V
in
va
LL
C
i
n
HP
QC
is
1
6
.
7
8
k
V.
T
h
e
d
c
-
lin
k
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
HP
QC
u
s
ed
i
n
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
is
2
7
k
V.
Si
m
u
latio
n
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
f
i
g
u
r
e
1
4
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
w
it
h
d
c
-
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
lo
w
er
th
a
n
2
7
k
V
i
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
HP
QC
,
th
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
b
ec
o
m
e
w
o
r
s
e.
T
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
cu
r
r
en
t
T
HD
an
d
u
n
b
ala
n
ce
ar
e
b
o
th
ab
o
v
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
.
On
th
e
o
t
h
er
h
an
d
,
w
h
en
th
e
d
c
-
li
n
k
v
o
lta
g
e
is
ab
o
v
e
2
7
k
V,
t
h
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
i
s
m
o
r
e
o
r
less
th
e
s
a
m
e
as
th
at
u
s
i
n
g
2
7
k
V.
I
t
m
a
y
t
h
u
s
b
e
co
n
clu
d
ed
th
at
u
n
d
er
th
e
s
i
m
u
lated
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
u
m
d
c
-
li
n
k
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
HP
QC
is
2
7
k
V.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
-
AI
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8938
C
o
n
ve
n
tio
n
a
l D
C
V
o
lta
g
e
O
p
era
tin
g
S
ystem
fo
r
Hig
h
S
p
ee
e
d
Tr
a
ctio
n
…
(
C
h
.
Len
in
B
a
b
u
)
127
T
ab
le
2
.
H
p
q
c
C
ir
cu
it P
ar
am
e
t
er
s
Used
in
t
h
e
Si
m
u
latio
n
Ve
r
if
icatio
n
s
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
lated
s
y
s
te
m
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e1
4
.
C
o
m
p
ar
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
w
it
h
th
e
r
es
u
lt
s
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
i
n
g
R
P
C
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e1
3
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
t
h
e
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
HP
QC
in
co
p
h
ase
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
is
m
o
r
e
o
r
less
t
h
e
s
a
m
e.
Fo
r
f
u
r
th
er
i
n
v
e
s
ti
g
atio
n
s
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
th
e
s
i
m
u
lated
s
y
s
te
m
s
tatis
t
ics
o
f
co
p
h
ase
tr
ac
tio
n
p
o
w
er
w
i
th
o
u
t
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
,
w
it
h
R
P
C
,
a
n
d
w
it
h
HP
QC
ar
e
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
i
n
T
ab
le
3
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
w
i
th
s
i
m
ilar
co
m
p
e
n
s
ati
o
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
th
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
HP
QC
o
p
er
atio
n
v
o
ltag
e
i
s
o
n
l
y
6
6
% o
f
th
at
i
n
R
P
C
.
T
ab
le
3
.
Su
m
m
ar
ized
S
y
s
te
m
Statics
i
n
Si
m
u
latio
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
4
.
Sy
s
te
m
P
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
es o
f
th
e
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
C
o
p
h
ase
T
r
ac
tio
n
P
o
w
er
Su
p
p
l
y
S
y
s
te
m
w
it
h
HP
QC
(V
dc
=
2
7
k
V)
.
(
a)
T
h
r
ee
-
P
h
ase
P
o
w
er
So
u
r
ce
Vo
lta
g
e
an
d
C
u
r
r
en
t W
av
ef
o
r
m
s
.
(
b
)
V
ac
an
d
V
bc
P
h
ase
Vo
ltag
e
an
d
C
u
r
r
e
n
t W
av
e
f
o
r
m
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.