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p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
s
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
c
o
o
p
er
ativ
e?
1
.
3
.
Resea
rc
h
O
bje
ct
iv
es
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
is
a
co
n
ti
n
u
atio
n
o
f
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
e
n
titl
ed
m
o
d
u
les
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
i
n
th
e
p
u
r
ch
a
s
e
an
d
s
ale
o
f
co
n
s
u
m
er
co
o
p
er
ativ
es
in
t
h
e
T
an
g
er
an
g
Dis
tr
ict
.
B
y
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
u
le
p
u
r
ch
ase
an
d
s
ale
m
a
k
aa
k
a
n
p
r
o
d
u
ce
co
o
p
e
r
ativ
e
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
co
n
s
u
m
e
m
o
r
e
ag
i
le
is
th
e
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
al
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
th
at
is
f
lex
ib
le,
h
av
e
m
an
a
g
er
i
al
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ilit
ies
a
n
d
j
o
b
r
o
les
ar
e
f
lex
ib
le,
s
o
it
ca
n
ea
s
i
l
y
tak
e
ad
v
an
tag
e
o
f
n
e
w
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
itie
s
,
to
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
p
o
s
iti
v
el
y
to
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
s
o
u
r
ce
s
p
o
w
er
to
b
e
o
p
ti
m
al
an
d
h
a
s
a
co
m
p
e
titi
v
e
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
e.
1
.
4
.
T
he
pu
r
po
s
e
o
f
t
his
s
t
ud
y
is
a
s
f
o
llo
w
s
:
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
m
o
d
u
les o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
p
u
r
ch
a
s
e
an
d
s
ale
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
as
n
ee
d
ed
f
o
r
co
n
s
u
m
er
co
o
p
er
ativ
es
i
n
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ia
w
it
h
a
f
o
c
u
s
T
an
g
er
an
g
R
eg
e
n
c
y
,
to
b
e
ab
l
e
to
ap
p
ly
,
an
d
ca
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t th
e
r
ea
lizatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
v
is
io
n
,
m
is
s
io
n
a
n
d
s
tr
ateg
y
o
f
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
T
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
ar
e
as f
o
llo
w
s
:
a.
C
o
n
d
u
ct
a
n
an
a
l
y
s
is
to
m
ak
e
t
h
e
q
u
est
io
n
n
air
e
in
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
p
u
r
c
h
ase
an
d
s
ale
o
f
m
o
d
u
les co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
th
e
co
n
s
u
m
p
t
io
n
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
w
i
t
h
a
f
o
cu
s
o
n
I
n
d
o
n
esia T
an
g
er
an
g
Di
s
tr
ict.
b.
Kn
o
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
r
es
u
lts
o
f
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
u
les o
n
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
b
u
y
in
g
a
n
d
s
elli
n
g
o
f
co
n
s
u
m
er
co
o
p
er
ativ
es th
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
t b
u
s
in
e
s
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
s
an
d
as n
ee
d
ed
to
co
n
d
u
ct
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
k
n
o
w
led
e
g
e
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
.
1
.
5
.
B
enef
it
s
o
f
Resea
rc
h
W
ith
th
e
r
esear
c
h
co
n
d
u
c
ted
b
y
t
h
e
r
esear
c
h
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es,
th
e
ex
p
ec
ted
b
en
e
f
it
to
t
h
e
c
o
n
s
u
m
er
co
o
p
er
ativ
es in
I
n
d
o
n
es
ia,
w
it
h
a
f
o
cu
s
T
an
g
er
an
g
Di
s
tr
ict,
s
u
ch
a
s
th
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
:
a.
Kn
o
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
s
o
m
e
co
o
p
er
a
tiv
e
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es o
f
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
i
n
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
a
n
d
k
n
o
w
t
h
e
le
v
el
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
ap
p
licatio
n
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
o
n
s
o
m
e
co
n
s
u
m
er
co
o
p
er
ativ
es.
b.
B
y
g
etti
n
g
th
e
r
es
u
lt
s
o
f
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
m
o
d
u
le
s
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
p
u
r
ch
a
s
e
an
d
s
ale,
th
er
e
w
ill
b
e
ac
tiv
ities
f
o
r
p
en
in
g
k
atan
p
en
g
g
u
n
aa
n
ap
p
licatio
n
m
o
d
u
le
s
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
p
u
r
c
h
ase
a
n
d
s
a
le
o
p
tim
a
ll
y
,
s
o
th
at
t
h
e
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
ca
n
b
e
ac
h
ie
v
ed
s
tr
ate
g
ica
ll
y
.
2.
L
I
T
E
R
AT
U
RE
R
E
VI
E
W
2
.
1
.
E
RP
Sy
s
t
e
m
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
is
a
n
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
in
te
g
r
ated
w
it
h
a
n
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
's
cr
o
s
s
-
f
u
n
ctio
n
a
l.
T
h
e
m
a
i
n
g
o
al
is
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
w
a
y
s
o
f
w
o
r
k
in
g
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icie
n
tl
y
a
n
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
l
y
t
h
an
a
n
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
.
T
h
e
ess
en
ce
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
i
s
th
e
o
cc
u
r
r
e
n
c
e
o
f
a
ch
an
g
e
th
at
w
il
l
f
i
n
all
y
ac
h
iev
ed
an
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
in
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
co
s
t,
ti
m
e
a
n
d
r
eso
u
r
ce
u
s
e.
W
ith
th
e
p
r
es
en
ce
o
f
th
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
,
th
e
n
all
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
n
ee
d
ed
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
in
s
tan
t
a
n
d
u
p
to
d
ate,
b
u
t
s
t
ill
n
ee
d
ed
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
to
m
ak
e
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
b
u
s
i
n
ess
tr
a
n
s
ac
t
io
n
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
i
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
d
ata
en
tr
y
o
n
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
E
R
P
p
r
o
g
r
am
.
I
n
g
e
n
er
al,
u
s
er
s
w
h
o
ar
e
alr
ea
d
y
f
a
m
iliar
w
it
h
h
o
w
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
w
o
r
k
s
ar
e
tr
ad
itio
n
all
y
in
co
m
p
leti
n
g
th
e
w
o
r
k
,
w
i
ll
h
av
e
a
ten
d
en
c
y
to
h
a
v
e
a
h
ab
it
to
n
o
t
ca
r
e
ab
o
u
t
th
e
attain
m
e
n
t
o
f
ef
f
icien
t
w
o
r
k
.
I
t
is
ac
tu
all
y
th
at
w
ill
f
o
r
m
th
e
o
ld
m
i
n
d
s
et
a
n
d
b
ec
o
m
e
a
h
ab
it
t
h
at
is
d
i
f
f
icu
lt
to
c
h
an
g
e,
esp
ec
iall
y
f
o
r
u
s
er
s
w
h
o
alr
ea
d
y
f
ee
l
co
m
f
o
r
tab
le
w
it
h
th
e
j
o
b
n
o
w
.
T
o
ch
an
g
e
t
h
at
m
in
d
s
et,
w
e
n
ee
d
a
r
elativ
el
y
lo
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
a
n
d
tak
e
s
t
h
e
ex
a
m
p
le
o
r
ex
a
m
p
les
o
f
th
e
lead
er
s
h
ip
o
f
an
o
r
g
an
iza
ti
o
n
w
it
h
to
u
n
d
er
g
o
a
ch
a
n
g
e
i
n
b
eh
a
v
io
r
an
d
m
in
d
s
e
t.
T
h
e
r
en
e
w
al
o
f
th
e
m
i
n
d
is
n
o
t
ea
s
y
w
o
r
k
.
B
u
t
n
ee
d
t
o
d
o
ex
tr
em
e
th
i
n
g
s
s
u
c
h
as
t
h
at
t
h
e
u
s
er
h
a
s
to
tr
y
to
h
a
v
e
a
co
m
m
i
t
m
e
n
t
to
p
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ed
w
it
h
th
e
c
h
an
g
e
s
to
th
e
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
o
ld
m
in
d
s
et
an
d
p
h
ilo
s
o
p
h
ies
ar
e
w
r
o
n
g
,
an
d
u
s
er
s
b
eg
a
n
to
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6
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6
7
62
h
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el
y
s
ig
n
i
f
i
ca
n
t
v
alu
e
to
ch
a
n
g
es
to
t
h
e
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
is
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
i
n
b
u
s
i
n
ess
.
I
n
b
u
ild
in
g
th
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
,
it
is
w
o
r
th
n
o
tin
g
th
a
t
th
e
r
is
k
o
f
a
h
i
g
h
f
ail
u
r
e
r
ate.
I
f
th
er
e
is
a
f
ailu
r
e
in
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
E
R
P
,
it
w
i
ll p
o
s
e
a
h
ig
h
r
is
k
t
h
at
w
i
ll a
f
f
ec
t
t
h
e
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
'
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
ca
n
e
v
e
n
k
ill t
h
e
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
as a
w
h
o
le.
[
3
]
Stra
teg
ies in
f
a
v
o
r
o
f
s
u
cc
ess
i
n
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
an
d
i
m
p
le
m
en
ti
n
g
a
n
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
ar
e
as f
o
llo
w
s
:
a.
User
Fo
cu
s
a
n
d
Fo
cu
s
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
User
s
tr
y
i
n
g
to
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
ca
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
th
at
is
c
u
r
r
en
tl
y
u
n
d
er
w
a
y
,
s
o
t
h
at
th
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
is
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
to
b
e
f
le
x
ib
le.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
s
h
o
u
ld
f
o
cu
s
o
n
th
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
.
An
d
af
ter
f
o
cu
s
i
n
g
o
n
th
e
u
s
er
ca
n
b
e
m
et
,
th
en
f
o
cu
s
o
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
m
a
y
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
.
b.
Hu
m
an
R
eso
u
r
ce
A
l
lo
ca
tio
n
c.
E
f
f
ec
tiv
e
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
i
n
n
o
v
atio
n
r
eq
u
ir
es
th
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
o
f
th
e
to
p
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t.
T
i
m
,
w
h
o
w
as
in
v
o
l
v
ed
i
n
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
s
o
m
eo
n
e
w
h
o
h
as
th
e
r
ep
u
tatio
n
an
d
in
te
g
r
it
y
in
th
e
f
ield
an
d
h
as
ac
ce
s
s
o
r
a
s
tr
o
n
g
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
in
th
e
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
,
s
o
as
to
k
ee
p
th
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
p
r
o
j
ec
t
is
s
till
r
u
n
n
in
g
o
n
th
e
tr
ac
k
.
T
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
tea
m
s
h
o
u
ld
in
v
o
lv
e
u
s
er
s
,
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
s
p
ec
ialis
t
s
,
th
at
i
s
,
th
o
s
e
w
h
o
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
Or
g
an
izat
io
n
w
ell.
d.
C
o
n
s
u
lta
n
t S
u
p
p
o
r
t
e.
I
d
ea
lly
a
n
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
h
a
s
u
lt
i
m
ate
co
n
tr
o
l o
v
er
th
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t o
f
ex
ter
n
al
co
n
s
u
l
tan
t
s
i
n
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
ai
m
ed
at
th
e
tr
an
s
f
er
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
a
n
d
ex
p
er
ien
ce
o
f
th
e
co
n
s
u
lta
n
t
in
t
h
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
s
ta
g
e.
B
ef
o
r
e
ap
p
o
in
t
in
g
th
e
e
x
ter
n
al
co
n
s
u
lta
n
t
f
o
r
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
i
o
n
o
f
th
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
,
in
ter
n
al
p
ar
t
y
o
r
g
a
n
iz
atio
n
s
h
o
u
ld
h
a
v
e
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
th
i
n
g
s
w
i
ll
b
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
(
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
)
,
s
p
ec
if
y
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
(
g
o
al
s
ett
in
g
)
,
an
d
th
e
ca
lcu
la
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
ad
v
an
tag
e
s
o
f
u
s
i
n
g
an
o
u
ts
id
e
c
o
n
s
u
ltan
t.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
co
n
s
u
lta
n
t
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
tr
ain
i
n
g
to
u
s
er
s
,
d
ev
elo
p
ed
s
tan
d
ar
d
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es,
an
d
o
th
er
n
ec
ess
ar
y
t
h
i
n
g
s
,
s
o
th
at
t
h
e
tr
an
s
f
er
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
an
d
ex
p
er
ie
n
ce
o
f
th
e
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
a
s
d
esire
d
.
f.
T
r
ain
in
g
,
T
r
ain
in
g
is
a
n
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t a
s
p
ec
t i
n
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
tati
o
n
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
So
m
e
f
ac
t
o
r
s
ca
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
ail
u
r
e
o
f
th
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
is
d
u
e
to
p
o
o
r
tr
ain
in
g
m
ater
ial
s
p
r
o
v
id
ed
to
th
e
u
s
er
.
T
h
e
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
l
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
ca
n
b
e
in
f
l
u
e
n
c
ed
b
y
th
e
lev
el
o
f
ab
s
o
r
p
tio
n
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
an
d
u
s
er
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
o
f
th
e
tr
ai
n
in
g
.
2
.
2
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
nce
M
ea
s
ure
m
ent
o
f
E
RP
Sy
s
t
e
m
s
I
n
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
,
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
to
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
u
s
ed
.
[
5
]
Me
asu
r
i
n
g
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
u
s
e
s
ev
er
al
m
et
h
o
d
s
o
f
I
T
Su
p
p
l
y
Ma
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
Sco
r
ec
ar
d
,
I
T
Dev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
Ma
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
Sco
r
ec
ar
d
,
an
d
I
T
I
n
f
r
astr
u
ctu
r
e
Ma
n
a
g
e
m
en
t
Sco
r
ec
ar
d
.
I
n
th
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
w
it
h
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
I
T
Su
p
p
l
y
Ma
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
Sco
r
ec
a
r
d
m
et
h
o
d
,
ca
n
m
ea
s
u
r
e
t
h
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
an
d
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
h
o
w
th
e
av
ai
lab
ilit
y
o
f
t
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
a
n
d
I
T
s
er
v
ices
t
h
at
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
lied
t
o
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
co
o
p
er
ativ
es.
Dev
e
lo
p
m
en
t
o
f
s
y
s
te
m
s
th
a
t
r
u
n
in
-
h
o
u
s
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t a
n
d
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t b
y
th
e
co
m
p
an
y
's
in
ter
n
al
I
T
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t te
a
m
,
r
eq
u
ir
es a
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
ex
p
en
s
e
f
o
r
tr
ain
in
g
a
n
d
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
en
t.
Si
m
ilar
l
y
,
i
n
t
h
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
w
i
th
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
I
T
Dev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
Ma
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
Sc
o
r
ec
ar
d
,
ca
n
en
s
u
r
e
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
s
y
s
te
m
s
an
d
ap
p
licat
io
n
s
ca
n
b
e
r
u
n
i
n
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
w
it
h
th
e
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
n
ee
d
s
o
f
co
n
s
u
m
er
co
o
p
er
ativ
es.
T
im
e
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
b
ec
o
m
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
th
i
n
g
s
to
lear
n
an
d
i
m
p
le
m
en
t.
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
d
o
n
e
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
s
u
m
er
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
m
o
r
e
ef
f
ec
t
iv
el
y
an
d
e
f
f
ici
en
tl
y
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
er
e
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
test
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
tr
ain
i
n
g
o
n
a
r
eg
u
lar
b
asis
.
I
n
m
ea
s
u
r
i
n
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
an
as
s
es
s
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
n
es
s
an
d
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
,
lo
o
k
s
p
r
ett
y
g
o
o
d
u
s
e
o
f
ti
m
e
in
s
t
u
d
y
in
g
an
d
ap
p
ly
in
g
th
e
to
o
ls
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
o
r
n
ew
I
T
s
u
p
p
o
r
t.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
m
ea
s
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
an
d
th
e
tr
ain
in
g
g
iv
e
n
is
es
s
en
ti
al,
in
o
r
d
er
to
an
ticip
ate
p
r
o
b
l
e
m
s
s
u
c
h
as
h
u
m
an
er
r
o
r
,
lack
o
f
m
aster
y
o
f
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
o
th
er
s
s
o
th
at
th
e
r
es
u
lti
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
ac
co
r
d
in
g
by
u
s
er
n
ee
d
s
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
o
p
er
atio
n
s
an
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es.
T
r
ain
in
g
s
u
f
f
icie
n
t
al
s
o
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
m
ak
in
g
u
s
er
s
b
etter
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
th
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es f
o
r
u
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izatio
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'
s
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f
o
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ts
to
p
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d
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ce
a
s
y
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m
t
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id
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a
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r
ate
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d
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p
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d
ate
in
f
o
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m
a
tio
n
o
n
t
h
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
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t
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f
t
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ac
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itie
s
o
f
th
e
C
o
o
p
er
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e
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
C
o
o
p
er
ativ
e
ac
tiv
ities
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
ca
n
b
e
th
e
s
y
n
er
g
y
o
f
al
l
t
h
e
p
ar
ts
t
h
at
e
x
i
s
t
i
n
a
n
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
,
s
u
ch
a
s
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
c
h
ain
(
v
al
u
e
ch
ain
)
,
w
h
er
e
th
e
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
'
s
ac
ti
v
it
ies
b
eg
i
n
w
i
th
a
c
u
s
to
m
er
an
d
m
ar
k
et
d
e
m
an
d
f
o
r
a
ce
r
tain
p
r
o
d
u
ct,
w
it
h
e
x
i
s
ti
n
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
t
h
e
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
w
i
ll
s
ee
k
to
p
r
o
ce
s
s
th
e
r
a
w
m
a
ter
ials
i
n
to
p
r
o
d
u
cts
t
h
at
cu
s
to
m
er
s
w
a
n
t
o
r
d
o
d
ir
ec
t p
r
o
cu
r
em
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
p
r
o
d
u
ct
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
u
p
p
lier
.
T
h
e
s
er
ies
o
f
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
ac
tiv
it
y
in
to
a
m
a
ter
ial
ch
an
g
e
in
t
h
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct,
k
n
o
w
n
as
v
al
u
e
ch
ai
n
(
v
a
lu
e
ch
ai
n
)
.
W
ith
th
e
ac
tiv
ities
o
f
th
e
v
alu
e
c
h
ai
n
ac
tiv
itie
s
,
o
f
co
u
r
s
e,
ca
n
b
en
e
f
it f
r
o
m
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
p
r
ice
an
d
p
r
o
d
u
ct
q
u
alit
y
.
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
p
u
r
ch
ase
a
n
d
s
ale
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
u
le
i
s
th
e
m
a
in
ac
tiv
it
y
i
n
an
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
th
at
ca
n
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
ac
ti
v
it
y
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
.
S
y
s
te
m
B
u
y
i
n
g
an
d
Selli
n
g
C
o
o
p
er
ativ
e
Ko
n
s
u
m
s
i
h
ar
u
s
la
h
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
an
d
m
ee
t
th
e
m
ai
n
n
e
ed
s
o
f
its
m
e
m
b
er
s
to
w
ar
d
s
th
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
co
n
s
u
m
er
g
o
o
d
s
,
th
e
p
r
ice
is
r
elativ
ely
r
ea
s
o
n
ab
le
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct
q
u
alit
y
is
as
s
u
r
ed
,
w
i
th
a
ca
n
m
o
n
i
to
r
in
v
e
n
to
r
y
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
,
r
ec
o
r
d
in
g
th
e
act
iv
itie
s
o
f
s
ales
an
d
p
u
r
ch
a
s
es,
m
a
k
in
g
r
ep
o
r
ts
s
o
m
e
r
ep
o
r
ts
ar
e
u
p
to
d
ate
an
d
in
f
o
r
m
ati
v
e
f
o
r
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
,
s
u
c
h
a
s
t
h
e
s
tate
m
e
n
t
o
f
ca
s
h
f
lo
w
s
,
s
a
les,
p
u
r
ch
as
i
n
g
,
cr
ed
it
b
alan
ce
s
o
f
t
h
e
m
e
m
b
er
s
to
m
i
n
i
m
ize
th
e
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
o
f
er
r
o
r
s
in
d
e
cisi
o
n
-
m
ak
i
n
g
,
as
w
ell
a
s
th
e
p
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
f
i
n
a
n
cial
r
ep
o
r
ts
f
o
r
th
e
p
ar
ties
co
n
ce
r
n
ed
.
T
h
is
,
o
f
co
u
r
s
e,
w
o
u
ld
b
e
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
an
d
e
f
f
icien
t i
n
t
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
t
h
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
m
o
d
u
le
P
u
r
ch
a
s
e
an
d
Sale
w
it
h
th
e
a
v
ailab
ilit
y
o
f
E
R
P
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
3.
M
E
T
H
O
DO
L
O
G
Y
3
.
1
.
Resea
rc
h De
s
ig
n
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
u
s
ed
in
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
is
a
ca
s
e
s
t
u
d
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
an
al
y
s
i
s
,
an
d
ev
alu
at
io
n
an
d
liter
atu
r
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
d
o
cu
m
e
n
ts
-
d
o
cu
m
e
n
ts
p
er
tain
i
n
g
to
th
e
o
r
g
an
izat
io
n
o
f
th
e
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
's
s
tr
ate
g
y
,
m
an
a
g
er
ial
an
d
o
p
er
atio
n
al
p
lan
s
,
as
w
el
l
as
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
t
h
at
e
x
is
t
i
n
th
e
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
.
B
esid
es,
it
al
s
o
u
s
e
s
t
h
e
b
o
o
k
s
tu
d
y
m
et
h
o
d
,
w
h
ic
h
u
s
es
s
e
v
er
al
b
o
o
k
s
a
n
d
liter
at
u
r
e
r
elati
n
g
to
t
h
e
o
b
j
ec
t
o
f
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
,
p
ar
tic
u
lar
l
y
m
at
ter
s
r
elatin
g
to
t
h
e
r
e
s
u
lt
s
o
f
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
u
s
ed
as
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
,
al
s
o
u
s
i
n
g
f
ie
ld
,
w
h
ich
t
h
e
a
u
t
h
o
r
s
d
ir
ec
t
o
b
s
er
v
at
io
n
an
d
th
e
au
t
h
o
r
's
e
x
p
er
ien
c
e
as
a
p
r
ac
titi
o
n
er
an
d
co
n
s
u
lta
n
c
y
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
d
en
g
an
m
e
lak
u
k
an
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
to
e
n
h
a
n
ce
t
h
e
co
m
p
eti
tiv
e
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
e
b
ag
i
k
o
p
er
asi in
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
esp
ec
iall
y
th
e
T
an
g
er
an
g
Dis
tr
ict
.
3
.
2
.
Da
t
a
Co
llect
io
n T
ec
hn
iqu
e
s
T
o
g
et
th
e
d
ata
to
b
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
d
,
s
o
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
co
n
d
u
cted
t
h
r
ee
d
ata
co
llectio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
,
n
a
m
el
y
:
a.
Stu
d
y
o
f
liter
at
u
r
e
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
liter
at
u
r
e
b
y
r
e
ad
in
g
ar
ticle
s
o
r
w
r
i
tin
g
s
r
elate
d
to
th
e
to
p
ic
o
f
r
esear
ch
th
r
o
u
g
h
b
o
o
k
s
,
j
o
u
r
n
als,
an
d
in
ter
n
et.
b.
I
n
ter
v
ie
w
I
n
ter
v
ie
w
s
w
ill
b
e
co
n
d
u
cted
w
it
h
t
h
e
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
an
d
t
h
e
p
eo
p
le
ass
o
ciate
d
w
i
th
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
to
p
ics
i
n
s
ev
er
al
Ko
p
er
asiIn
d
o
n
e
s
ia
T
a
n
g
er
a
n
g
D
is
tr
ict.
c.
Ob
s
er
v
atio
n
A
t
t
h
is
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
d
ir
ec
t
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
tea
m
o
n
t
h
e
p
ar
ts
r
elate
d
to
th
e
r
esear
ch
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
s
th
a
t
ar
e
r
u
n
n
in
g
,
s
ee
w
h
a
t
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
i
s
av
ailab
le
a
n
d
r
eq
u
ir
ed
,
an
d
th
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
u
s
ed
b
y
t
h
e
o
r
g
an
izat
io
n
an
d
s
ee
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
eir
r
elate
d
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es.
d.
Q
u
est
io
n
n
air
es
T
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
i
s
t
h
e
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
o
f
th
e
d
ata
co
llectio
n
is
d
o
n
e
b
y
g
i
v
in
g
a
s
et
o
f
w
r
itte
n
q
u
e
s
tio
n
s
t
h
at
w
il
l b
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
to
R
ev
ie
w
s
th
o
s
e
I
n
v
o
lv
ed
i
n
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
b
u
s
i
n
ess
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
s
.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S DI
SCUS
SI
O
N
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
m
o
d
u
les
o
f
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
s
p
u
r
ch
a
s
e
an
d
s
ale,
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
u
s
in
g
d
ata
co
llectio
n
m
et
h
o
d
u
s
ed
w
a
s
a
q
u
esti
o
n
n
a
ir
e.
T
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
ad
d
r
ess
ed
to
an
y
u
s
er
s
wh
o
u
s
e
t
h
e
m
o
d
u
le
p
u
r
ch
ase
s
an
d
s
ale
s
.
Selectio
n
o
f
a
q
u
e
s
tio
n
n
air
e
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
w
it
h
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
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ict
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o
f
t
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te
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8776
IJ
-
I
C
T
Vo
l.
5
,
No
.
2
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
20
1
6
:
6
0
–
6
7
64
w
it
h
e
x
is
ti
n
g
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
p
r
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ce
s
s
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d
is
ab
le
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
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l
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tio
n
s
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
f
o
r
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
b
etter
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
ai
m
ed
to
o
b
tain
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
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ce
m
ea
s
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r
e
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en
t
m
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d
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le
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f
E
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ase
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m
er
co
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e
r
ativ
es
in
T
an
g
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a
n
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d
is
tr
ict,
th
er
e
ar
e
1
5
u
s
er
o
r
u
s
er
s
w
h
o
u
s
e
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
C
ate
g
o
r
y
ch
o
ice
an
s
wer
s
to
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
s
co
n
ta
in
ed
in
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
a
ir
e:
C
h
o
ice
An
s
w
er
s
C
ate
g
o
r
y
o
f
Qu
est
io
n
No
.
1
a)
Hig
h
l
y
E
f
f
icie
n
t
(
>
5
m
in
u
te
s
)
b)
Ef
f
i
c
ien
t E
n
o
u
g
h
(
>
3
–
5
m
in
u
tes
)
c)
E
f
f
icien
t
(
>
1
–
3
m
i
n
u
tes
)
d)
L
es
s
E
f
f
icie
n
t
(
<=
1
m
i
n
u
tes
)
e)
Ver
y
I
n
e
f
f
icien
t
(
lo
n
g
er
t
h
an
l
ast s
y
s
te
m
)
C
h
o
ice
An
s
w
er
s
C
ate
g
o
r
y
o
f
Qu
est
io
n
No
.
2
a)
Ver
y
Go
o
d
(
6
m
o
d
u
l
es
)
b)
Go
o
d
E
n
o
u
g
h
(
5
m
o
d
u
l
es
)
c)
Go
o
d
(
4
m
o
d
u
l
es
)
d)
L
es
s
Go
o
d
(
3
m
o
d
u
l
es
)
e)
Ver
y
n
o
t G
o
o
d
(
2
m
o
d
u
l
es
)
C
h
o
ice
An
s
w
er
s
C
ate
g
o
r
y
o
f
Qu
est
io
n
No
.
3
a)
Ver
y
E
as
y
(
<
1
w
ee
k
s
)
b)
E
as
y
E
n
o
u
g
h
(
>
1
–
2
w
ee
k
s
)
c)
E
as
y
(
>
2
–
3
w
ee
k
s
)
d)
L
es
s
E
as
y
(
>
3
–
4
w
ee
k
s
)
e)
Ver
y
n
o
t E
as
y
(
>
4
w
ee
k
s
)
C
h
o
ice
An
s
w
er
s
C
ate
g
o
r
y
o
f
Qu
est
io
n
No
.
4
a)
Ver
y
R
ar
el
y
(
<
3
ti
m
e
s
)
b)
R
ar
el
y
(
>
3
-
6
ti
m
e
s
)
c)
Of
te
n
(
>
6
–
9
tim
es
)
d)
Of
te
n
E
n
o
u
g
h
(
>
9
–
1
2
tim
e
s
)
e)
Ver
y
Of
ten
(
>
1
2
ti
m
es
)
C
h
o
ice
An
s
w
er
s
C
ate
g
o
r
y
o
f
Qu
est
io
n
No
.
5
a)
<
1
0
d
ay
s
b)
10
-
20
d
ay
s
c)
20
–
30
d
ay
s
d)
1
-
2
m
o
n
t
h
s
e)
2
m
o
n
th
s
C
h
o
ice
An
s
w
er
s
C
ate
g
o
r
y
o
f
Qu
est
io
n
No
.
6
a)
<
3
tim
e
s
b)
>
3
–
6
tim
e
s
c)
>
6
–
9
tim
e
s
d)
>
9
–
1
2
tim
e
s
e)
>
1
2
tim
e
s
W
eig
h
t r
ati
n
g
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
ea
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
is
:
A
s
co
r
e
o
f
5
is
g
iv
e
n
to
th
e
c
h
o
ice
an
s
w
er
s
o
f
:
a.
Hig
h
l
y
E
f
f
icie
n
t
(
>
5
m
in
u
te
s
)
b.
E
x
ce
lle
n
t
(
6
m
o
d
u
l
es
)
c.
Ver
y
E
as
y
(
<
1
w
ee
k
)
d.
Ver
y
R
ar
el
y
(
<
3
ti
m
e
s
)
e.
<
1
0
d
ay
s
f.
<
3
tim
e
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
-
I
C
T
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8776
P
erfo
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ma
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ce
Mea
s
u
r
eme
n
t E
R
P
S
ystem
Mo
d
u
le
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(
Hen
d
r
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A
lia
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to
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65
A
s
co
r
e
o
f
4
is
g
iv
e
n
to
th
e
c
h
o
ice
an
s
w
er
s
o
f
:
a.
Ef
f
i
c
ien
t E
n
o
u
g
h
(
>
3
–
5
m
in
u
tes
)
b.
Go
o
d
E
n
o
u
g
h
(
5
m
o
d
u
l
es
)
c.
E
as
y
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n
o
u
g
h
(
>
1
–
2
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ee
k
s
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d.
R
ar
el
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>
3
-
6
ti
m
e
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e.
10
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20
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ay
s
f.
>
3
–
6
tim
e
s
A
s
co
r
e
o
f
3
is
g
iv
e
n
to
th
e
c
h
o
ice
an
s
w
er
s
o
f
:
a.
Ef
f
i
c
ien
t
(
>
1
–
3
m
i
n
u
tes
)
b.
Go
o
d
(
4
m
o
d
u
l
es
)
c.
E
as
y
(
>
2
–
3
w
ee
k
s
)
d.
Of
te
n
(
>
6
–
9
tim
es
)
e.
20
–
30
d
ay
s
f.
>
6
–
9
tim
e
s
A
s
co
r
e
o
f
2
is
g
iv
e
n
to
th
e
c
h
o
ice
an
s
w
er
s
o
f
:
a.
L
es
s
E
f
f
icie
n
t
(
<=
1
m
in
u
t
es
)
b.
L
es
s
Go
o
d
(
3
m
o
d
u
l
es
)
c.
L
es
s
E
as
y
(
>
3
–
4
w
ee
k
s
)
d.
Of
te
n
E
n
o
u
g
h
(
>
9
–
1
2
tim
e
s
)
e.
1
-
2
m
o
n
t
h
s
f.
>
9
–
1
2
tim
e
s
A
s
co
r
e
o
f
1
is
g
iv
e
n
to
th
e
c
h
o
ice
an
s
w
er
s
o
f
:
a.
Ver
y
I
n
e
f
f
icien
t
b.
Ver
y
n
o
t G
o
o
d
(
2
m
o
d
u
l
es
)
c.
Ver
y
n
o
t E
as
y
(
>
4
w
ee
k
s
)
d.
Ver
y
Of
ten
(
>
1
2
ti
m
es
)
e.
2
m
o
n
th
s
f.
>
1
2
tim
e
s
Af
ter
w
ei
g
h
t
r
ati
n
g
m
u
ltip
lie
d
b
y
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
u
s
er
s
o
f
ea
ch
c
h
o
ice
an
s
w
er
t
h
e
q
u
e
s
ti
o
n
s
,
it
w
ill
g
et
t
h
e
to
tal
v
al
u
e.
T
h
e
n
t
h
e
t
o
tal
v
al
u
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
a
r
an
g
e
o
f
ca
te
g
o
r
ies
o
f
a
n
s
w
er
s
t
o
ea
ch
q
u
e
s
tio
n
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
a
r
ed
u
ct
io
n
i
n
th
e
to
tal
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
a
n
d
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
to
tal
v
a
lu
e
o
f
t
h
e
to
tal
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
r
es
u
lts
o
f
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e.
T
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
ai
m
ed
at
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
E
R
P
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
u
les p
u
r
ch
ase
s
an
d
s
ale
s
,
ar
e
as f
o
llo
w
s
:
Qu
est
io
n
No
.
1
Ho
w
l
o
n
g
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
h
elp
ac
ce
ler
ate
th
e
co
m
p
letio
n
o
f
w
o
r
k
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
o
ld
s
y
s
t
e
m
?
T
ab
l
e
1.
Qu
esti
o
n
n
a
ir
e
A
n
s
w
e
r
O
p
t
i
o
n
s
U
se
r
A
n
sw
e
r
W
e
i
g
h
t
T
o
t
a
l
S
c
o
r
e
>
5
mi
n
u
t
e
s
0
5
0
>
3
–
5
mi
n
u
t
e
s
1
4
4
>
1
–
3
mi
n
u
t
e
s
10
3
30
<
1
mi
n
u
t
e
s
4
2
8
L
o
n
g
e
r
t
h
a
n
l
a
s
t
S
y
st
e
m
0
1
0
T
o
t
a
l
u
s
e
r
15
T
o
t
a
l
42
T
h
e
to
tal
v
alu
e
f
o
r
q
u
esti
o
n
1
is
4
2
,
it
ca
n
b
e
c
o
n
clu
d
ed
th
a
t
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
ap
p
lied
to
p
u
r
ch
ase
s
an
d
s
ales
m
o
d
u
le
is
e
f
f
icie
n
t a
n
d
c
an
h
elp
ac
ce
ler
ate
th
e
co
m
p
let
io
n
o
f
w
o
r
k
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
i
th
t
h
e
o
ld
s
y
s
te
m
.
Qu
est
io
n
No
.
2
Ho
w
m
an
y
m
o
d
u
les alr
ea
d
y
i
n
teg
r
ated
w
e
ll?
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8776
IJ
-
I
C
T
Vo
l.
5
,
No
.
2
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
20
1
6
:
6
0
–
6
7
66
T
ab
l
e
2.
Qu
esti
o
n
n
a
ir
e
A
n
s
w
e
r
O
p
t
i
o
n
s
U
se
r
A
n
sw
e
r
W
e
i
g
h
t
T
o
t
a
l
S
c
o
r
e
6
mo
d
u
l
e
s
0
5
0
5
mo
d
u
l
e
s
0
4
0
4
mo
d
u
l
e
s
1
3
3
3
mo
d
u
l
e
s
10
2
20
2
mo
d
u
l
e
s
4
1
5
T
o
t
a
l
u
s
e
r
15
T
o
t
a
l
28
T
h
e
to
tal
v
alu
e
f
o
r
q
u
esti
o
n
2
is
2
8
,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
clu
d
ed
th
at
t
h
e
p
u
r
c
h
ase
a
n
d
s
ale
o
f
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
u
les
w
er
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
al
r
ea
d
y
w
ell
i
n
te
g
r
ated
Qu
est
io
n
No
.
3
:
W
h
at
is
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
a
y
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
b
y
t
h
e
u
s
er
in
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
in
g
an
d
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
?
T
ab
l
e
3
.
Qu
esti
o
n
n
a
ir
e
A
n
s
w
e
r
O
p
t
i
o
n
s
U
se
r
A
n
sw
e
r
W
e
i
g
h
t
T
o
t
a
l
S
c
o
r
e
<
1
w
e
e
k
s
0
5
0
>
1
–
2
w
e
e
k
s
3
4
12
>
2
–
3
w
e
e
k
s
10
3
30
>
3
–
4
w
e
e
k
s
2
2
4
>
4
w
e
e
k
s
0
1
1
T
o
t
a
l
u
s
e
r
15
T
o
t
a
l
47
T
h
e
to
tal
v
al
u
e
f
o
r
q
u
e
s
tio
n
3
is
4
7
,
th
e
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
a
y
s
ab
o
u
t
2
-
3
w
ee
k
s
m
ea
n
s
t
h
at
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
is
ea
s
y
to
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
an
d
u
s
e
b
y
t
h
e
u
s
er
.
?
Qu
est
io
n
No
.
4
:
I
s
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
s
til
l o
f
ten
h
as a
n
er
r
o
r
w
ith
in
t
h
e
last
1
y
ea
r
?
T
ab
l
e
4.
Qu
esti
o
n
n
a
ir
e
A
n
s
w
e
r
O
p
t
i
o
n
s
U
se
r
A
n
sw
e
r
W
e
i
g
h
t
T
o
t
a
l
S
c
o
r
e
<
3
k
a
l
i
0
5
0
>
3
–
6
k
a
l
i
11
4
44
>
6
–
9
k
a
l
i
3
3
9
>
9
–
1
2
k
a
l
i
1
2
2
>
1
2
k
a
l
i
0
1
0
T
o
t
a
l
u
s
e
r
15
T
o
t
a
l
55
T
h
e
to
tal
v
alu
e
to
q
u
est
io
n
4
is
5
5
w
it
h
a
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t (
>
3
-
6
ti
m
e
s
)
,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
c
lu
d
ed
th
at
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
ap
p
lied
r
ar
ely
ex
p
er
ien
ce
d
an
er
r
o
r
in
th
e
last
p
er
io
d
o
f
1
y
ea
r
.
Qu
est
io
n
No
.
5
:
Ho
w
lo
n
g
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
a
y
s
o
f
t
r
ain
in
g
t
h
at
h
a
s
b
ee
n
h
e
ld
f
o
r
th
e
u
s
er
(
u
s
er
)
f
o
r
1
y
ea
r
?
T
ab
l
e
5.
Qu
esti
o
n
n
a
ir
e
A
n
s
w
e
r
O
p
t
i
o
n
s
U
se
r
A
n
sw
e
r
W
e
i
g
h
t
T
o
t
a
l
S
c
o
r
e
<
1
0
h
a
r
i
0
5
0
>
1
0
–
2
0
h
a
r
i
4
4
16
>
2
0
–
3
0
h
a
r
i
11
3
33
>
1
–
2
b
u
l
a
n
0
2
0
>
2
b
u
l
a
n
0
1
0
T
o
t
a
l
u
s
e
r
15
T
o
t
a
l
49
T
h
e
to
tal
v
alu
e
f
o
r
q
u
e
s
tio
n
5
is
4
9
,
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
at
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
a
y
s
o
f
tr
ai
n
in
g
h
av
e
b
ee
n
co
n
d
u
cted
f
o
r
th
e
u
s
er
s
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
m
o
r
e
t
h
an
2
0
to
3
0
d
a
y
s
to
1
y
ea
r
.
Qu
est
io
n
No
.
6
:
Ho
w
o
f
te
n
t
h
e
u
s
er
/
u
s
er
r
eq
u
ir
es
as
s
is
ta
n
ce
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
team
in
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
p
r
o
b
lem
s
th
a
t
o
cc
u
r
o
n
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
ea
ch
m
o
n
th
?
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
-
I
C
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I
SS
N:
2252
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8776
P
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67
T
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6
.
Qu
esti
o
n
n
a
ir
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A
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s
w
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r
O
p
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i
o
n
s
U
se
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sw
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r
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h
t
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r
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45
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f
o
r
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
6
is
4
5
,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
clu
d
ed
th
at
th
e
u
s
er
/
u
s
er
r
eq
u
ir
es
6
-
9
tim
e
s
ass
is
tan
ce
s
u
p
p
o
r
t te
a
m
i
n
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
t
h
at
o
cc
u
r
o
n
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
ea
ch
m
o
n
th
.
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
NS A
ND
RE
C
O
M
M
E
NDATI
O
N
S
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
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ce
m
ea
s
u
r
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m
en
t
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R
P
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
u
le
p
u
r
c
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ase
s
a
n
d
s
ale
s
o
n
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
co
o
p
er
ativ
es
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
h
elp
d
ail
y
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p
er
atio
n
s
m
o
r
e
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
an
d
ef
f
icie
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t,
it
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
u
s
er
an
d
f
o
r
th
e
i
n
ter
est
o
f
u
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er
s
,
t
h
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m
a
n
a
g
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ial
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el,
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s
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m
er
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o
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o
ciate
d
w
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t
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l
y
o
n
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
o
r
th
e
u
tili
za
tio
n
o
f
in
f
r
as
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
b
u
t a
ls
o
h
o
w
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
o
p
ti
m
ize
t
h
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er
f
o
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ce
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e
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es a
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al
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ce
s
s
es,
as
w
e
ll a
s
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
u
s
ed
.
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y
m
ea
s
u
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g
t
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a
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c
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o
f
t
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s
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m
m
o
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les
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ch
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s
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ca
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h
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e
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f
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a
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m
p
tio
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co
o
p
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ativ
e
o
p
er
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n
al
ac
ti
v
itie
s
b
etter
.
T
h
is
ca
n
h
a
v
e
a
n
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
co
m
p
etiti
v
e
n
es
s
o
f
t
h
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co
o
p
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ativ
e
a
n
d
i
n
cr
ea
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t
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e
f
f
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c
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to
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m
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n
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Dis
tr
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ate
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ter
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elate
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ex
is
ti
n
g
co
o
p
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e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
w
it
h
a
w
id
er
ar
ea
w
ith
t
h
e
u
ti
lizatio
n
o
f
in
ter
n
et
te
ch
n
o
lo
g
y
.
REF
E
RENC
E
S
[1
]
Ch
a
n
iag
o
A
rif
in
a
l,
1
9
8
2
,
“
P
e
rk
o
p
e
ra
sia
n
In
d
o
n
e
sia
”
,
A
n
g
k
a
sa
.
Ba
n
d
u
n
g
[2
]
T
u
rb
a
n
,
Ef
ra
i
m
,
2
0
0
5
,
“
De
c
isio
n
S
u
p
p
o
rt
S
y
ste
m
a
n
d
In
telli
g
e
n
t
S
y
ste
m
”,
Ed
isi
k
e
7
,
P
re
n
t
ice
Ha
ll
In
c
,
En
g
e
lw
o
o
d
Cli
f
f
s,
Ne
w
J
e
rse
y
(I
S
BN)
[3
]
S
a
n
to
F
.
W
ij
a
y
a
d
a
n
S
u
p
a
rto
Da
n
u
a
rto
,
2
0
0
9
,
“
ER
P
d
a
n
S
o
l
u
si
Bis
n
is”
,
G
ra
h
a
Ilm
u
,
Yo
g
y
a
k
a
rta.
[4
]
S
a
n
to
F
.
W
ij
a
y
a
d
a
n
He
n
d
ra
A
li
a
n
to
,
2
0
1
2
,
“
Ese
n
si
d
a
n
p
e
n
e
ra
p
a
n
ER
P
d
a
lam
Bisn
is
(d
il
e
n
g
k
a
p
i
stu
d
i
k
a
su
s
a
p
li
k
a
si E
RP
d
e
n
g
a
n
m
e
n
g
g
u
n
a
k
a
n
m
e
to
d
e
OO
A
D)”
,
G
ra
h
a
Il
m
u
,
Yo
g
y
a
k
a
rta.
[5
]
Ju
rn
a
l
Na
sio
n
a
l
:
“
S
tra
te
g
i
P
e
n
g
e
lo
l
a
a
n
K
n
o
wle
d
g
e
u
n
tu
k
M
e
n
in
g
k
a
tka
n
D
a
y
a
S
a
in
g
UKM
”
,
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
S
e
m
in
a
r
Il
m
iah
Na
sio
n
a
l
P
ES
A
T
2
0
0
5
,
U
n
iv
e
rsitas
G
u
n
a
Da
r
m
a
,
J
a
k
a
rta,
2
0
0
5
.
[6
]
Ju
rn
a
l
Na
sio
n
a
l
:
“
S
tra
teg
i
m
e
mb
a
n
g
u
n
siste
m
En
ter
p
rise
Res
o
u
r
c
e
Pl
a
n
n
in
g
(
ER
P)
u
n
tu
k
m
e
n
i
n
g
k
a
tka
n
e
fi
sie
n
si
d
a
n
e
fek
ti
fi
t
a
s
p
a
d
a
k
o
p
e
ra
si
k
o
n
su
ms
i
d
i
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
”
,
P
ro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
S
e
m
in
a
r
DISC
–
Un
iv
e
rsitas
M
a
ra
n
a
th
a
–
Ba
n
d
u
n
g
,
2
0
1
2
.
[7
]
Jo
h
n
W
.
S
a
tzin
g
e
r;
Ro
b
e
rt
B.
Ja
c
k
so
n
;
S
tep
h
e
n
D.
Bu
rd
T
it
le
:
“
In
tro
d
u
c
ti
o
n
to
sy
ste
m
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