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]
all
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
No
v
el
al
g
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
i
m
a
g
e
en
cr
y
p
t
io
n
b
y
i
n
t
eg
r
ated
p
ix
el
s
cr
a
m
b
lin
g
p
lu
s
d
if
f
u
s
io
n
[
I
I
SP
D]
u
tili
zi
n
g
d
u
o
c
h
ao
s
m
ap
p
in
g
ap
p
licab
ilit
y
i
n
w
ir
ele
s
s
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
m
a
k
e
s
u
s
e
o
f
f
u
l
l
ch
ao
tic
p
r
o
p
er
ty
o
f
lo
g
is
tic
m
ap
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
s
ti
m
e
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
ca
lc
u
late
s
th
e
p
er
m
u
tin
g
ad
d
r
ess
f
o
r
r
o
w
b
y
b
it
x
o
r
´
ı
n
g
th
e
ad
j
a
ce
n
t
p
ix
e
l
v
al
u
e
s
o
f
o
r
ig
in
al
i
m
a
g
e.
Si
m
ilar
l
y
,
t
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
ca
lc
u
lates
th
e
p
er
m
u
ti
n
g
ad
d
r
ess
f
o
r
co
lu
m
n
b
y
b
it
x
o
r
´
ı
n
g
th
e
ad
j
ac
en
t
p
ix
el
v
al
u
es
o
f
o
r
i
g
in
a
l
i
m
a
g
e.
T
h
e
d
if
f
u
s
io
n
i
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
a
f
ter
s
cr
a
m
b
li
n
g
a
n
d
is
b
ased
o
n
t
w
o
ch
ao
tic
m
ap
s
.
L
i
u
Ho
n
g
j
u
n
,
W
a
n
g
Xi
n
g
y
u
a
n
[
6
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
C
o
lo
r
i
m
a
g
e
en
cr
y
p
tio
n
b
ase
d
o
n
o
n
e
-
ti
m
e
k
e
y
s
an
d
r
o
b
u
s
t
ch
ao
tic
m
ap
s
.
p
iece
w
i
s
e
li
n
ea
r
ch
ao
tic
m
ap
a
s
u
s
ed
f
o
r
t
h
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
o
f
a
p
s
e
u
d
o
-
r
an
d
o
m
k
e
y
s
tr
ea
m
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
.
T
h
e
i
n
itial
co
n
d
itio
n
s
w
er
e
g
e
n
er
ated
b
y
th
e
tr
u
e
r
an
d
o
m
n
u
m
b
er
g
e
n
er
at
o
r
s
,
th
e
MD
5
o
f
th
e
m
o
u
s
e
p
o
s
itio
n
s
.
Ho
n
g
j
u
n
L
i
u
,
X
in
g
y
u
an
W
a
n
g
[
7
]
p
r
esen
ted
C
o
lo
r
i
m
ag
e
en
cr
y
p
tio
n
u
s
i
n
g
s
p
atial
b
it
-
le
v
el
p
er
m
u
tatio
n
a
n
d
h
ig
h
-
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
ch
ao
tic
s
y
s
te
m
.
B
it
-
lev
e
l
p
er
m
u
tatio
n
a
n
d
h
i
g
h
-
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
ch
ao
tic
m
ap
u
s
ed
to
en
cr
y
p
t
co
lo
r
im
a
g
e.
Firs
tl
y
,
co
n
v
er
t
t
h
e
p
lain
co
lo
r
im
a
g
e
o
f
s
ize
(
MN
)
in
to
a
g
r
ay
s
ca
le
i
m
ag
e
o
f
s
ize
(
Mx
3
N)
,
th
en
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
it
in
to
a
b
in
ar
y
m
a
tr
ix
,
an
d
p
er
m
u
te
t
h
e
m
atr
i
x
at
b
it
-
le
v
el
b
y
t
h
e
s
cr
a
m
b
li
n
g
m
ap
p
in
g
g
e
n
er
ated
b
y
p
iece
w
is
e
lin
ea
r
ch
ao
tic
m
ap
(
P
W
L
C
M)
.
Seco
n
d
l
y
,
u
s
e
C
h
e
n
s
y
s
te
m
to
co
n
f
u
s
e
a
n
d
d
if
f
u
s
e
th
e
r
ed
,
g
r
ee
n
a
n
d
b
lu
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
s
i
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
l
y
.
Far
ib
o
r
z
Ma
h
m
o
u
d
i.e
t
[
8
]
all,
p
r
esen
ted
I
m
ag
e
E
n
cr
y
p
tio
n
Usi
n
g
C
h
ao
tic
Si
g
n
a
l
an
d
Ma
x
Hea
p
T
r
ee
.
B
ased
o
n
ch
ao
tic
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
i
g
n
al
a
n
d
Ma
x
-
Hea
p
tr
ee
i
m
a
g
e
is
p
i
x
el
v
alu
es
ar
e
p
er
m
u
ted
.
Z
h
i
-
lian
g
Z
h
u
[
9
]
p
r
esen
te
d
A
ch
ao
s
-
b
ased
s
y
m
m
etr
i
c
i
m
a
g
e
e
n
cr
y
p
tio
n
s
ch
e
m
e
u
s
in
g
a
b
it
-
lev
e
l
p
er
m
u
tatio
n
.
B
it
le
v
el
p
er
m
u
t
atio
n
i
s
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
ch
a
n
g
es
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
i
x
el
b
u
t
al
s
o
alter
s
it
s
v
al
u
e.
Her
e
i
m
a
g
e
cr
y
p
to
s
y
s
te
m
e
m
p
lo
y
i
n
g
t
h
e
A
r
n
o
ld
ca
t
m
ap
f
o
r
b
it
-
le
v
el
p
er
m
u
tatio
n
a
n
d
t
h
e
lo
g
is
tic
m
ap
f
o
r
d
if
f
u
s
io
n
.
T
h
e
r
est o
f
th
is
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
.
Secti
o
n
2
.
b
r
ief
l
y
ex
p
lai
n
t
h
e
co
n
ce
p
t o
f
ch
ao
tic
m
ap
.
Sectio
n
3
.
E
x
p
lain
s
b
asic
s
o
f
ex
p
an
d
-
s
h
r
in
k
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Sectio
n
4
.
d
escr
ib
es
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
if
f
er
en
t
en
cr
y
p
t
io
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
a
n
d
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
r
esu
lts
d
escr
ib
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
5
.
.
Secti
o
n
7
.
co
n
clu
d
es
th
e
p
ap
er
.
2
.
CH
O
AT
I
C
M
AP
An
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
s
tep
in
an
y
d
i
g
i
tal
ch
ao
tic
en
cr
y
p
tio
n
i
s
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
m
ap
.
C
h
ao
ti
c
m
ap
s
h
a
v
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
b
e
h
av
io
r
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
c
o
m
p
le
x
it
y
,
c
h
ao
tic
p
r
o
p
er
ties
c
y
cle
le
n
g
th
,
ch
ao
tic
in
ter
v
al,
p
er
io
d
i
c
w
in
d
o
w
s
,
etc.
,
s
en
s
iti
v
it
y
to
in
it
ial
co
n
d
itio
n
s
a
n
d
r
ea
ctio
n
to
tr
aj
e
cto
r
y
p
er
t
u
r
b
atio
n
s
,
etc.
,
th
at
i
n
f
l
u
en
ce
t
h
e
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e
o
r
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
th
e
ch
ao
tic
en
c
r
y
p
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
.
I
n
f
ac
t,
s
o
m
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
b
r
o
k
en
f
o
r
n
o
t
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
w
ea
k
n
ess
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
ch
o
s
en
c
h
a
o
tic
m
ap
an
d
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
,
it
is
d
esira
b
le
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
o
m
e
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
c
y
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
cr
y
p
to
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
th
e
ch
a
o
tic
m
ap
u
n
d
er
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
.
T
h
is
in
d
ep
en
d
en
c
y
m
ea
n
s
t
h
at,
a
f
u
ll
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
th
e
s
elec
ted
ch
ao
tic
m
ap
is
n
o
t
n
ee
d
ed
to
f
u
l
f
il
l
th
e
s
ec
u
r
it
y
a
n
d
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
o
f
a
g
o
o
d
cr
y
p
to
s
y
s
te
m
.
Fo
r
th
eir
m
at
h
e
m
atica
l
s
i
m
p
lic
it
y
t
h
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
o
p
tio
n
s
:
lo
g
i
s
tic
m
ap
an
d
ten
t
m
ap
.
T
h
e
lo
g
is
tic
m
ap
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
(
1
)
T
h
e
lo
g
is
tic
m
ap
c
h
ao
tic
s
i
g
n
a
l u
s
ed
h
a
s
p
r
i
m
ar
y
v
al
u
es o
f
3.
E
XP
AND
-
SH
R
I
NK
CO
NC
E
P
T
Gen
er
all
y
i
m
a
g
e
is
r
ep
r
esen
te
d
b
y
a
m
atr
i
x
o
f
p
ix
el
s
an
d
e
ac
h
p
ix
el
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
8
b
it
in
ten
s
it
y
v
alu
e.
E
x
p
an
d
-
Sh
r
i
n
k
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
r
o
w
-
e
x
p
an
s
io
n
a
n
d
co
lu
m
n
-
e
x
p
an
s
io
n
.
I
n
r
o
w
-
e
x
p
an
s
io
n
,
i
m
ag
e
o
f
s
ize
m
*
n
is
e
x
p
an
d
ed
i
n
to
b
in
ar
y
i
m
a
g
e
o
f
s
ize
m
*
(
n
*
8
)
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
3
an
d
i
n
c
o
lu
m
n
e
x
p
an
s
io
n
,
i
m
a
g
e
o
f
s
ize
m
*
n
i
s
e
x
p
an
d
ed
in
to
b
in
ar
y
i
m
ag
e
o
f
s
ize
(
m
*
8
,
n
)
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
(
r
o
tated
b
y
9
0
d
eg
r
ee
)
.
I
n
s
h
r
in
k
p
r
o
ce
s
s
m
(
n
*
8
)
o
r
(
m
*
8
)
*
n
b
in
ar
y
i
m
a
g
e
is
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
m
*
n
g
r
a
y
s
ca
le
i
m
a
g
e.
4.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
DS
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
d
escr
ib
es
t
w
o
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
s
alo
n
g
w
it
h
th
e
b
asic
c
h
ao
s
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
im
a
g
e
s
cr
a
m
b
li
n
g
.
Me
t
h
o
d
1
ex
p
lai
n
s
g
e
n
er
al
ch
ao
s
b
ased
p
er
m
u
t
atio
n
,
m
et
h
o
d
2
ex
p
lai
n
s
c
h
ao
s
b
ased
en
cr
y
p
tio
n
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
ex
p
a
n
d
s
h
r
i
n
k
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IJ
-
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h
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a
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Fig
u
r
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en
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Fig
u
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2
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R
o
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ig
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ize
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I
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1
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2
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::::
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I
m
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n
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2
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ith
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g
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v
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itia
l p
ar
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m
eter
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9
9
9
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9
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1
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s
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u
en
ce
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ated
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2
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::::
::::
::::
:::
::::
::
:::,
X
m
*
n
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3
:T
h
e
ch
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tic
s
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u
en
ce
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o
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ted
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n
d
in
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o
r
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er
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d
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e
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et
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X
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2
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::::
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m
*
n
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4
:A
cc
o
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d
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g
to
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et
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al
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n
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u
t i
m
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er
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n
d
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et
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e
n
cr
y
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ted
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m
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g
e.
4
.
2
.
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et
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d 2
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lo
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iag
r
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m
o
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ed
Me
th
o
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in
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g
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n
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t
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m
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er
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n
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ize
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n
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ed
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ize
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s
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m
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3
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ith
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g
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v
en
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n
itia
l p
ar
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m
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an
d
r
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9
9
9
9
9
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g
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q
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1
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ated
.
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2
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n
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et
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X
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::::
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(
n
*
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5
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cc
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d
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g
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et
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al
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e,
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er
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a
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ted
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y
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m
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ted
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ar
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i
m
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n
v
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ted
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ac
k
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le
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ize
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ce
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s
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er
m
u
ted
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y
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le
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m
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r
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lied
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ce
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in
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ted
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ize
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p
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lu
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n
w
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ar
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ize
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ar
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m
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ted
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::::
::::
::::
::
::::
,
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8
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n
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3
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ith
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g
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v
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i
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itia
l p
ar
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m
eter
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d
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9
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9
9
9
b
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q
.
1
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tic
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en
ce
g
en
er
ated
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X
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1
, X
2
,
::::
::::
::::
:::
::::
::
:::,
X
(
m
*
8)
*
n
.
Step
4
:T
h
e
ch
ao
tic
s
eq
u
en
ce
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o
r
ted
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d
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g
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r
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n
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w
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X
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::::
::::
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ar
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ag
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Step
6
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n
all
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o
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tain
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f
r
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s
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
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2
2
5
2
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8776
IJ
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Vo
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–
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106
Fig
u
r
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ARA
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.
1
.
H
is
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o
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ra
m
a
na
ly
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i
s
An
i
m
a
g
e
h
is
to
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r
a
m
ill
u
s
tr
ates
t
h
at
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o
w
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ix
e
ls
in
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m
ag
e
ar
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d
is
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ted
b
y
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lo
ttin
g
t
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e
n
u
m
b
er
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r
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y
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ca
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h
e
d
is
tr
ib
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er
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ex
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6
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2
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ntr
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n
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n
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w
e
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e:
(
2
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
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2252
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8776
C
h
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I
ma
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e
E
n
cryp
tio
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…
(
Dr.
N
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ve
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ku
ma
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107
w
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tes
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x
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at
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o
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p
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i
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r
a
tr
u
l
y
r
an
d
o
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itti
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2
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ich
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h
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.
5
.
2
.
1
.
M
ea
n Squ
a
re
E
rr
o
r
(
M
SE
)
Me
an
Sq
u
ar
e
E
r
r
o
r
(
MSE
)
is
th
e
c
u
m
u
lat
iv
e
s
q
u
ar
ed
er
r
o
r
b
et
w
ee
n
t
w
o
d
i
g
ital
i
m
a
g
es
a
n
d
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
c
h
ec
k
t
h
e
a
v
ala
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ch
e
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ec
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L
et
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d
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p
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cr
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h
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n
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n
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e
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lcu
lated
as i
n
E
q
.
3
[
1
2
]
.
(
3
)
w
h
er
e
M,
N
is
th
e
w
id
t
h
a
n
d
h
ei
g
h
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o
f
d
ig
ital i
m
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d
C
1
(
i,j
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i
s
in
p
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m
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an
d
C
2
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i,j
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is
en
cr
y
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ted
im
a
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5
.
2
.
2
.
P
ea
k
Sig
na
l t
o
No
is
e
Ra
t
io
(
P
SNR)
P
ea
k
s
ig
n
al
-
to
n
o
is
e
r
atio
c
an
b
e
u
s
ed
to
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al
u
ate
a
n
en
cr
y
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tio
n
s
ch
e
m
e.
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SNR
r
ef
lects
th
e
en
cr
y
p
tio
n
q
u
alit
y
.
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t
is
a
m
e
asu
r
e
m
en
t
w
h
ic
h
i
n
d
icate
s
t
h
e
ch
an
g
es
in
p
i
x
el
v
alu
e
s
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
p
lain
te
x
t
i
m
a
g
e
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d
th
e
cip
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er
tex
t i
m
a
g
e.
Ma
th
e
m
a
ticall
y
a
s
i
n
[
1
2
]
.
(
4
)
W
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UACI a
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I
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N
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2
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8776
IJ
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Vo
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3
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No
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2
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20
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4
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112
108
w
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C
1
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i,j
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j
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ar
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1
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1
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3
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ce
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d
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2
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n
tab
les
6
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8
en
tr
o
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m
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d
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cr
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d
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if
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2
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9
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tr
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if
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y
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is
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g
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l
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co
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p
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ith
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0
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d
11.
7
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CO
NCLUS
I
O
N
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h
is
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ap
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ased
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as c
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
-
I
C
T
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8776
C
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IJ
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110
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6
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P
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2
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.
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th
o
d
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
-
I
C
T
I
SS
N:
2252
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8776
C
h
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E
n
cryp
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…
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Dr.
N
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ku
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111
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1
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.
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o
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r
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p
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p
l
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if
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sio
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[
IIS
PD
]
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[8
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a
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su
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Zh
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h
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3
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RS
Dr.
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v
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k
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m
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r
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K
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d
h
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f
ro
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Un
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f
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y
so
re
.
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is
a
A
ss
o
c
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ro
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o
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De
p
a
rtm
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n
t
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tu
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in
El
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c
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Un
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e
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f
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y
s
o
re
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ss
a
n
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k
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rn
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tak
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.
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to
Na
n
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in
De
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d
h
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M
.
T
e
c
h
d
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g
re
e
in
Dig
it
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l
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d
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m
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ter
n
a
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s,
c
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in
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s.
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I
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112
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.