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Co
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:
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Dep
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co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
lo
wp
ass
f
ilter
s
(
L
PF
s
)
ar
e
u
s
ed
in
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
f
o
r
elim
in
atio
n
o
f
u
n
d
esire
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
s
ev
er
al
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
f
o
r
a
L
PF
s
u
ch
as
s
m
all
s
ize,
lo
w
lo
s
s
in
p
ass
b
an
d
r
eg
io
n
,
an
d
wid
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
.
Plan
ar
f
ilter
s
h
av
e
attr
ac
ted
co
n
s
id
er
a
b
le
atten
tio
n
d
u
e
to
lo
w
c
o
s
t,
s
im
p
le
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es
a
n
d
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
in
teg
r
atio
n
with
o
th
er
m
icr
o
wav
e
cir
c
u
its
[
1
]
.
T
o
s
u
p
p
r
ess
th
e
s
p
u
r
io
u
s
f
r
eq
u
en
cies,
th
e
s
tep
p
ed
im
p
ed
an
ce
f
ilter
s
wer
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
[
2
-
3]
.
T
o
h
av
e
h
ig
h
o
r
d
er
h
a
r
m
o
n
ic
s
u
p
p
r
ess
io
n
,
s
tep
p
ed
im
p
ed
an
ce
h
air
p
in
r
eso
n
ato
r
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
2
]
.
I
n
[
3
]
,
a
co
m
p
ac
t
lo
w
p
ass
f
ilter
with
wid
est
o
p
b
an
d
b
y
u
s
in
g
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
s
tep
p
ed
im
p
ed
a
n
ce
r
eso
n
ato
r
,
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
r
e
p
o
r
te
d
wo
r
k
in
[
3
]
h
as
p
o
o
r
s
elec
tiv
ity
f
r
o
m
p
ass
b
an
d
to
s
to
p
b
an
d
r
eg
io
n
.
O
th
er
m
eth
o
d
s
s
u
ch
as
d
ef
ec
ted
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
(
DGS)
an
d
s
lo
tted
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
to
d
esig
n
o
f
f
ilter
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
,
b
u
t
th
e
m
ain
p
r
o
b
lem
is
co
m
p
l
ex
ity
o
f
f
a
b
r
icatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
4
-
7
]
.
I
n
[
4
]
,
th
e
b
a
n
d
wid
th
o
f
f
ilter
h
as
b
ee
n
in
cr
ea
s
ed
b
y
a
DGS
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e.
T
h
e
f
ilter
b
ased
o
n
DGS
in
[
5
]
h
as
wid
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
.
Y
et,
it
p
r
o
v
id
es
h
ig
h
in
s
er
tio
n
lo
s
s
an
d
g
r
ad
u
al
c
u
to
f
f
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
.
Als
o
,
m
u
lti
-
s
to
p
b
an
d
f
ilter
b
ased
o
n
tr
ee
f
r
ac
tal
s
lo
tted
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
i
n
[
6
]
an
d
L
PF
u
s
in
g
DGS
in
[
7
]
h
av
e
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
.
T
h
e
m
icr
o
s
tr
ip
lo
wp
ass
f
ilter
s
with
co
m
p
ac
t size
an
d
u
ltra
wi
d
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
u
s
in
g
tr
ian
g
u
lar
a
n
d
p
o
l
y
g
o
n
al
p
atc
h
r
eso
n
ato
r
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
8
]
wh
ich
h
av
e
p
o
o
r
s
elec
tiv
ity
.
I
n
[
9
]
,
m
u
ltimo
d
e
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
to
d
esig
n
o
f
wid
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
L
PF
with
h
i
g
h
s
elec
tiv
ity
h
av
e
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
m
u
ltimo
d
e
L
PF
h
as
th
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
r
eg
io
n
with
lo
w
atten
u
atio
n
lev
el.
I
n
[
1
0
]
,
a
n
o
v
el
d
esig
n
o
f
a
L
PF
b
ased
o
n
m
eta
m
ater
ial
was
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
ilter
is
in
v
esti
g
ated
b
ased
o
n
s
q
u
a
r
e
s
p
lit
r
in
g
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
(
SR
R
s
)
with
g
o
o
d
atten
u
atio
n
lev
el
in
th
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
b
u
t
s
u
f
f
er
s
f
r
o
m
lo
w
s
to
p
b
an
d
wid
th
an
d
lar
g
e
s
ize.
I
n
[
1
1
]
,
th
e
p
r
esen
ted
f
ilt
er
u
s
ed
m
ea
n
d
er
e
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
C
o
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m
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T
ec
h
n
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I
SS
N:
2252
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8
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C
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a
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w
id
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to
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micro
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s
ed
r
eso
n
ato
r
with
lu
m
p
ed
a
n
d
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
elem
en
ts
.
I
n
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
ec
tio
n
,
we
a
r
g
u
e
th
e
b
an
d
s
to
p
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
b
ased
o
n
lu
m
p
e
d
an
d
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
elem
en
ts
.
T
h
e
L
P
F
d
esig
n
an
d
th
e
o
b
tain
ed
r
esu
lts
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
th
ir
d
an
d
f
o
u
r
th
s
ec
tio
n
s
,
r
esp
e
ctiv
ey
.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
c
o
n
clu
s
io
n
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
th
e
f
if
th
s
ec
ti
o
n
.
2.
DE
S
I
G
N
O
F
RE
SO
NA
T
O
R
A
n
ew
T
-
s
h
ap
ed
r
eso
n
ato
r
u
s
in
g
m
ea
n
d
er
e
d
lin
e
is
p
r
esen
ted
.
Me
an
d
er
ed
lin
es
ar
e
em
p
l
o
y
ed
an
d
lo
ad
ed
with
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
p
atch
es
to
ac
h
iev
e
th
e
h
ig
h
s
elec
tiv
ity
an
d
lo
w
i
n
s
er
tio
n
lo
s
s
.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
a)
a
n
d
(
b
)
,
th
e
lay
o
u
t
a
n
d
e
q
u
iv
alen
t
cir
cu
it
o
f
b
asic
r
eso
n
ato
r
c
o
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
m
ea
n
d
er
e
d
lin
e
a
n
d
r
e
ctan
g
u
lar
p
atch
is
s
h
o
wn
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
(
a
)
L
ay
o
u
t,
(
b
)
E
q
u
i
v
alen
t
cir
cu
it
,
an
d
(
c)
Simu
lated
S
-
p
a
r
am
eter
s
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
,
L
1
an
d
C
1
ar
e
in
d
u
ctan
ce
an
d
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
o
f
h
ig
h
im
p
ed
an
ce
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
l
in
es.
L
2
is
in
d
u
ctan
ce
o
f
m
ea
n
d
er
e
d
lin
e,
wh
ich
is
ass
u
m
ed
lo
s
s
less
,
an
d
C
2
r
ef
e
r
s
to
th
e
ca
p
ac
itan
c
e
o
f
th
e
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
p
atch
.
T
h
e
v
alu
es o
f
i
n
d
u
cto
r
s
an
d
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
e
d
f
r
o
m
(
1
)
-
(
3
)
as
=
1
(
2
)
(
1
)
an
d
=
1
1
(
)
(
2
)
an
d
th
e
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
o
f
th
e
o
p
e
n
s
tu
b
is
=
√
(
3
)
wh
er
e
Z
si
is
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
im
p
ed
an
ce
o
f
th
e
lin
e,
l
i
is
its
len
g
th
,
c
i
s
th
e
v
elo
city
o
f
lig
h
t
in
f
r
ee
s
p
ac
e
an
d
λ
g
is
th
e
g
u
id
e
d
wav
elen
g
th
at
th
e
cu
t
-
o
f
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
.
T
h
e
v
alu
es
o
f
th
ese
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
af
ter
o
p
tim
izatio
n
o
b
tain
ed
as
L
1
=3
.
1
n
H,
L
2
=3
.
0
5
n
H,
C
1
=0
.
0
7
p
F,
an
d
C
2
=0
.
8
p
F.
T
h
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
ar
e
l
1
=
5
.
2
5
m
m
,
l
2
=1
m
m
,
l
3
=0
.
6
m
m
,
w
1
=3
.
9
m
m
,
w
2
=4
.
1
m
m
,
a
n
d
w
3
=0
.
4
m
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
c)
s
h
o
ws
t
h
e
L
C
a
n
d
E
M
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
b
asic
r
eso
n
at
o
r
.
As
it
is
il
lu
s
tr
ated
,
th
e
a
g
r
ee
m
en
t
b
etw
ee
n
L
C
an
d
E
M
s
im
u
latio
n
r
e
s
u
lts
h
as
b
ee
n
m
et
p
er
f
ec
tly
.
T
h
e
S
21
p
ar
a
m
eter
o
f
th
e
b
asic
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
e
r
eso
n
ato
r
h
as
lo
w
r
ej
ec
tio
n
lev
el
i
n
th
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
.
Als
o
,
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
ze
r
o
(
T
Z
)
o
f
th
e
b
asic r
eso
n
ato
r
is
3
.
1
5
GHz
,
wh
ich
is
o
b
tain
ed
as
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
7
6
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
1,
Ap
r
il
20
20
:
2
4
–
3
0
26
1
(
)
=
0
(
2
2
2
+
1
)
1
2
1
2
4
+
(
1
(
1
+
2
)
+
2
2
(
2
−
0
)
)
2
+
(
2
−
0
)
(
4
)
Hen
ce
,
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
ze
r
o
,
f
z
,
ca
n
b
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
s
ettin
g
th
e
T
1
(
s
)
=
0
,
wh
ich
r
esu
lts
in
f
z
=3
.
3
GHz
.
Als
o
,
th
e
v
ar
ia
tio
n
o
f
c
u
t
-
o
f
f
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
o
f
th
e
b
asic
r
eso
n
ato
r
v
er
s
u
s
w
2
a
n
d
l
2
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
a)
an
d
2
(
b
)
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
As
it
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
,
th
e
cu
to
f
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
h
as
b
ee
n
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
b
y
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
w
2
an
d
l
2
.
B
y
v
ar
y
in
g
th
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
p
atc
h
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
t
h
e
cu
to
f
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
eso
n
ato
r
ca
n
b
e
tu
n
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
C
u
t
-
o
f
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
v
e
r
s
u
s
(
a)
w
2
an
d
(
b
)
l
2
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
a)
an
d
3
(
b
)
s
h
o
w
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
eso
n
ato
r
an
d
its
eq
u
iv
alen
t
L
C
cir
cu
it.
T
h
e
S
-
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
eso
n
ato
r
a
n
d
L
C
m
o
d
el
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
c
)
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
f
r
o
m
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
d
)
,
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
ze
r
o
is
s
h
if
ted
f
r
o
m
4
.
6
GHz
u
p
t
o
3
.
3
GHz
b
y
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
w
2
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
(
T
F)
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
eso
n
ato
r
is
o
b
tain
ed
as
2
(
)
=
0
(
2
2
2
+
1
)
1
2
1
2
4
+
(
1
(
1
+
2
2
)
+
2
2
(
2
−
0
)
)
2
+
(
2
−
0
)
(
5
)
Fro
m
(
5
)
,
f
z
=3
.
3
GHz
is
o
b
tain
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
(
a
)
L
ay
o
u
t,
(
b
)
L
C
e
q
u
iv
alen
t c
ir
cu
it,
(
c)
Simu
late
d
S
-
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
a
n
d
(
d
)
s
im
u
l
ated
S
21
p
ar
am
eter
v
er
s
u
s
w
2
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
7
6
C
o
mp
a
ct
w
id
e
s
to
p
b
a
n
d
micro
s
tr
ip
lo
w
p
a
s
s
fi
lter
u
s
in
g
p
o
lyg
o
n
p
a
tch
es a
n
d
mea
n
d
ered
lin
es
(
A
d
el
Mu
s
a
vy
)
27
3.
DE
S
I
G
N
O
F
B
ANDS
T
O
P
S
T
RUC
T
UR
E
T
h
e
b
an
d
s
to
p
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
(
B
SF
)
ar
e
d
esig
n
ed
b
ased
o
n
two
o
p
en
s
tu
b
s
an
d
h
ig
h
im
p
ed
an
ce
lin
e
lo
ad
ed
b
y
f
o
u
r
h
ex
an
g
u
lar
p
atc
h
es
(
r
eso
n
ato
r
-
I
I
)
.
T
h
e
m
ain
s
ec
tio
n
is
a
h
ig
h
im
p
ed
an
ce
lin
e
h
av
i
n
g
an
im
p
ed
a
n
ce
o
f
1
3
4
Ω
c
o
n
n
ec
te
d
in
s
er
ies
with
a
h
ex
an
g
u
lar
p
atch
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
o
n
ato
r
-
I
I
h
as
b
ee
n
d
esig
n
ed
an
d
s
im
u
lated
with
th
e
Ad
v
an
ce
d
Desig
n
Sy
s
tem
(
ADS)
.
W
h
en
th
e
lay
o
u
t
o
f
th
e
r
eso
n
ato
r
h
as
b
ee
n
g
en
er
ated
,
an
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
m
o
m
en
tu
m
(
E
M)
s
im
u
latio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
to
an
aly
ze
its
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
I
ts
lay
o
u
t
an
d
L
C
eq
u
iv
alen
t
cir
c
u
it
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
s
ar
e
l
4
=3
.
1
3
m
m
,
a
n
d
l
5
=1
.
7
m
m
.
T
h
is
u
n
it
h
as
o
n
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
ze
r
o
at
8
GH
z
with
atten
u
atio
n
lev
el
-
4
3
d
B
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
(
a
)
L
ay
o
u
t,
a
n
d
(
b
)
E
q
u
iv
alen
t c
ir
cu
it
o
f
r
eso
n
ato
r
-
II
T
h
e
co
n
fig
u
r
atio
n
,
L
C
eq
u
iv
alen
t
cir
cu
it
an
d
s
im
u
lated
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
two
u
n
its
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
(
a)
,
5
(
b
)
a
n
d
5
(
c)
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Fo
r
th
e
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
eq
u
iv
alen
t
cir
c
u
it,
th
e
h
e
x
an
g
u
lar
p
atch
h
as
eq
u
iv
alen
t
cir
cu
it
o
f
C
3
,
L
4
,
L
5
,
an
d
C
5
.
T
h
e
h
ig
h
im
p
ed
a
n
ce
lin
e
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
L
3
.
C
3
an
d
C
5
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
b
etwe
en
m
icr
o
s
t
r
ip
h
e
x
an
g
u
lar
p
atch
a
n
d
t
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
lan
e
.
T
h
e
o
p
tim
ized
v
alu
es
o
f
L
C
eq
u
iv
alen
t
cir
cu
it
a
r
e
L
3
=0
.
0
5
2
n
H,
L
4
=0
.
3
1
n
H,
L
5
=0
.
1
8
n
H,
C
3
=0
.
5
p
F,
a
n
d
C
5
=0
.
3
7
p
F.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
two
u
n
its
o
f
r
e
s
o
n
ato
r
-
I
I
is
o
b
tain
ed
as th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
:
3
(
)
=
1
11
0
(
1
+
2
+
11
)
+
11
(
1
+
2
)
(
6
)
wh
er
e
1
(
)
=
3
2
5
3
4
5
6
+
(
3
2
3
4
+
3
5
3
(
4
+
2
5
)
+
3
5
4
5
)
4
+
(
3
(
2
3
+
4
)
+
5
(
3
+
4
+
5
)
)
2
+
1
(
2
3
+
5
+
(
3
2
4
+
3
5
4
+
2
3
5
5
)
2
+
3
2
5
4
5
6
)
11
(
)
=
2
3
2
5
3
4
5
6
+
(
2
3
2
3
4
+
2
3
5
3
(
4
+
4
5
)
+
3
5
4
5
)
4
+
(
3
(
4
3
+
4
)
+
5
(
2
3
+
4
+
5
)
)
2
+
1
(
2
3
+
5
+
(
3
2
4
+
3
5
4
+
2
3
5
5
)
2
+
3
2
5
4
5
6
)
Fro
m
(
6
)
,
f
z1
=7
.
9
GHz
an
d
f
z2
=8
.
5
GHz
is
o
b
tain
ed
.
B
y
co
n
n
ec
tin
g
two
u
n
its
s
y
m
m
etr
ically
co
n
n
ec
ted
at
t
h
e
ce
n
tr
e
o
f
m
a
in
h
ig
h
im
p
ed
an
ce
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lin
e,
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a)
is
o
b
tain
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
e
x
h
ib
its
two
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
ze
r
o
s
,
wh
ich
ar
e
l
o
ca
ted
at
ab
o
u
t 7
.
6
7
GHz
an
d
9
G
Hz
with
atten
u
atio
n
lev
el
n
ea
r
-
6
2
d
B
an
d
-
6
0
d
B
.
T
h
ese
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
ze
r
o
s
ar
e
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
r
eso
n
an
ce
o
f
t
h
e
h
ig
h
im
p
ed
an
ce
s
in
g
le
s
tep
p
ed
s
tu
b
lo
ad
ed
b
y
tr
ian
g
u
lar
p
atch
es
an
d
it
s
r
eso
n
an
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
d
e
p
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
I
n
p
r
ac
tical
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
a
f
il
ter
with
wid
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
an
d
h
ig
h
s
u
p
p
r
ess
io
n
lev
el
is
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
.
T
h
e
b
an
d
wid
th
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
fil
ter
ca
n
b
e
en
h
an
ce
d
b
y
co
n
n
e
ctin
g
o
p
e
n
s
tu
b
s
o
n
b
o
th
s
id
es
o
f
th
e
r
eso
n
ato
r
s
.
T
h
e
lay
o
u
t
a
n
d
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
o
f
two
o
p
e
n
s
tu
b
s
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
o
p
en
s
tu
b
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
a
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
ze
r
o
to
elim
in
ate
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
at
1
4
GHz
.
T
h
e
filt
er
u
s
in
g
o
p
e
n
cir
cu
it
s
tu
b
at
b
o
th
e
n
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
h
ig
h
im
p
ed
a
n
ce
m
ain
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lin
e
ex
h
ib
its
b
etter
s
to
p
b
an
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
.
T
h
e
len
g
th
an
d
wid
th
o
f
th
e
o
p
en
s
tu
b
ar
e
l
5
=1
0
.
2
m
m
a
n
d
w
4
=1
.
1
7
m
m
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
E
ac
h
o
p
en
s
tu
b
ca
n
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
a
s
h
u
n
t
ca
p
ac
ito
r
to
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
At
h
i
g
h
f
r
eq
u
en
cies,
th
e
ca
p
ac
itiv
e
r
ea
ctan
ce
d
ec
r
ea
s
es,
an
d
o
p
en
s
tu
b
ac
ts
a
s
a
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
it
to
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
T
h
is
s
h
o
r
ts
o
u
t
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
i
o
n
an
d
ca
u
s
es
atten
u
atio
n
in
th
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
wh
ich
s
u
p
p
r
ess
es
th
e
h
ig
h
er
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
h
ar
m
o
n
i
cs a
n
d
ex
ten
d
s
th
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
.
T
h
e
b
an
d
s
to
p
u
n
it
in
Fig
u
r
e
8
(
a)
h
as
b
ee
n
a
d
d
ed
to
th
e
r
e
s
o
n
ato
r
.
T
h
e
S
21
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
b
an
d
s
to
p
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
ar
e
d
ep
icted
in
Fig
u
r
e
8
(
b
)
.
At
h
ig
h
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
,
th
e
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
o
f
m
ain
h
ig
h
im
p
ed
an
ce
lin
e
b
lo
c
k
s
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
b
y
h
av
in
g
i
n
fin
ite
s
er
ies
r
ea
ctan
ce
,
wh
er
ea
s
th
e
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
o
f
o
p
en
s
tu
b
s
h
o
r
ts
o
u
t
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
b
y
h
a
v
in
g
in
fin
ite
s
h
u
n
t
s
u
s
ce
p
tan
ce
.
T
h
e
r
ejec
tio
n
lev
el
f
r
o
m
4
u
p
t
o
1
4
GHz
is
b
etter
th
an
-
1
5
d
B
.
So
,
th
e
n
o
n
d
esire
d
p
ass
b
an
d
at
1
4
GHz
h
as
b
ee
n
d
im
in
is
h
ed
.
T
h
is
clea
r
ly
in
d
icate
s
th
e
ab
ili
ty
o
f
th
e
b
an
d
s
to
p
s
tr
cu
tu
r
e
to
elim
in
atio
n
o
f
u
n
wan
ted
h
ar
m
o
n
ics an
d
im
p
r
o
v
ed
s
to
p
b
an
d
wid
th
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
7
6
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
1,
Ap
r
il
20
20
:
2
4
–
3
0
28
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
(
a
)
L
ay
o
u
t,
(
b
)
L
C
e
q
u
iv
alen
t c
ir
cu
it,
an
d
(
c)
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
o
f
two
u
n
its
o
f
r
eso
n
ato
r
-
II
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
(
a
)
L
ay
o
u
t,
a
n
d
(
b
)
t
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
o
f
two
s
y
m
m
etr
ical
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
two
u
n
i
ts
o
f
r
eso
n
ato
r
-
II
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
(
a
)
L
ay
o
u
t,
a
n
d
(
b
)
S
im
u
lated
S
21
p
ar
am
eter
o
f
two
o
p
en
s
tu
b
s
(
a
)
g
=
0
.
1
m
m
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
(
a
)
L
ay
o
u
t,
a
n
d
(
b
)
S
im
u
lated
S
21
p
ar
am
eter
4.
F
I
L
T
E
R
D
E
S
I
G
N
AND
L
A
YO
UT
T
h
e
s
ch
em
atic
s
h
o
win
g
th
e
g
en
er
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
ilter
o
n
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
with
th
e
p
er
m
itti
v
ity
o
f
2
.
2
,
lo
s
s
tan
g
en
t
o
f
0
.
0
0
0
9
a
n
d
th
ick
n
ess
o
f
0
.
5
0
8
m
m
is
g
iv
en
in
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
a)
.
T
h
e
L
PF
o
cc
u
p
ies
1
0
.
5
m
m
×1
2
.
7
m
m
.
Fig
9
(
b
)
s
h
o
ws
th
e
p
h
o
to
g
r
a
p
h
o
f
th
e
f
ab
r
icate
d
f
ilter
.
A
d
d
itio
n
o
f
b
an
d
s
to
p
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
to
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
es
o
n
ato
r
r
esu
lts
in
g
o
o
d
r
ejec
tio
n
lev
el
i
n
th
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
r
e
g
io
n
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
7
6
C
o
mp
a
ct
w
id
e
s
to
p
b
a
n
d
micro
s
tr
ip
lo
w
p
a
s
s
fi
lter
u
s
in
g
p
o
lyg
o
n
p
a
tch
es a
n
d
mea
n
d
ered
lin
es
(
A
d
el
Mu
s
a
vy
)
29
r
eso
n
ato
r
was
em
b
ed
d
ed
b
et
wee
n
s
p
ac
es
o
f
th
e
b
an
d
s
to
p
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
to
av
o
id
s
ize
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
o
f
th
e
f
ilter
.
C
o
n
v
en
t
io
n
al
m
icr
o
s
tr
ip
f
ilte
r
s
ar
e
u
s
u
ally
im
p
lem
e
n
ted
u
s
in
g
ca
s
ca
d
ed
r
eso
n
ato
r
an
d
b
an
d
s
to
p
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
wh
ich
r
esu
lts
in
s
ize
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
an
d
l
o
s
s
es.
T
h
e
f
ilter
was
s
im
u
lated
b
y
ADS
2
0
1
4
an
d
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
y
HP8
5
1
0
B
Netwo
r
k
An
aly
ze
r
.
T
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
an
d
s
im
u
lated
r
esu
lts
will
b
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
th
e
n
ex
t
s
ec
tio
n
.
T
wo
m
icr
o
s
tr
ip
lin
es
co
n
n
ec
ted
at
b
o
th
s
id
es
o
f
th
e
L
PF
ar
e
in
o
r
d
er
to
m
atch
th
e
im
p
e
d
an
ce
at
th
e
in
p
u
t
an
d
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
r
ts
to
5
0
Ω
with
th
e
W
f
=
0
.
7
m
m
,
an
d
l
f
=
2
.
4
m
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
(
a
)
L
ay
o
u
t,
a
n
d
(
b
)
t
est
b
o
ar
d
5.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
(
b
)
s
h
o
ws
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
an
d
s
im
u
lated
S
-
p
a
r
am
eter
s
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
L
PF
.
On
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
ze
r
o
is
lo
ca
ted
at
2
.
9
7
GHz
to
h
a
v
e
h
ig
h
s
elec
tiv
ity
.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
,
e
x
tr
a
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
ze
r
o
es
in
th
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
r
e
g
io
n
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
e
r
v
ed
.
I
n
g
en
er
al,
t
h
ese
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
ze
r
o
s
h
elp
u
s
in
o
u
t
-
of
-
b
a
n
d
r
ejec
tio
n
en
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t.
T
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
i
n
s
er
tio
n
lo
s
s
is
less
th
an
0
.
1
8
d
B
,
wh
ile
th
e
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
is
g
r
ea
ter
th
an
1
2
.
5
d
B
f
r
o
m
DC
u
p
to
3
.
3
9
GHz
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
lated
g
r
o
u
p
d
elay
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
(
c)
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
th
at
th
e
g
r
o
u
p
d
elay
is
less
th
an
0
.
3
2
n
s
in
th
e
p
ass
b
an
d
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
o
v
er
2
0
d
B
atten
u
atio
n
lev
el
in
th
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
r
eg
i
o
n
is
ac
h
iev
ed
f
r
o
m
2
.
9
8
u
p
to
2
1
.
3
GHz
,
s
o
th
at
th
e
u
n
wan
ted
s
ig
n
al
is
elim
in
ated
.
Fo
r
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
,
T
ab
le
1
illu
s
t
r
ates th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
s
o
m
e
p
r
ev
iu
o
s
wo
r
k
s
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
ilter
,
wh
e
r
e
r
o
ll
o
f
f
r
ate
ζ
is
d
ef
in
ed
as
=
m
a
x
−
m
in
−
(
7
)
wh
er
e
α
max
an
d
α
min
r
e
p
r
esen
t
th
e
−
2
0
d
B
an
d
−
3
d
B
atten
u
atio
n
lev
el,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
,
f
c
i
s
th
e
−
3
d
B
cu
to
f
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
,
an
d
f
s
is
th
e
−
2
0
d
B
s
to
p
b
an
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
b
an
d
wid
th
d
iv
id
e
d
b
y
ce
n
ter
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
o
f
s
to
p
b
an
d
is
th
e
r
elativ
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
wid
th
(
R
SB
)
as
=
st
o
p
b
a
n
d
b
a
n
d
wid
t
h
st
o
p
b
a
n
d
c
e
n
t
re
f
re
q
ue
n
c
y
(
8
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
(
a)
Simu
la
ted
a
n
d
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
S
-
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
,
an
d
(
b
)
s
im
u
lated
g
r
o
u
p
d
elay
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
ilter
T
h
e
r
ejec
tio
n
lev
el
d
iv
id
ed
b
y
1
0
is
s
u
p
p
r
ess
io
n
f
ac
to
r
(
SF
)
,
wh
ich
is
d
ef
in
ed
as
=
r
e
j
e
c
t
io
n l
e
v
e
l
10
(
9
)
As
an
ex
am
p
le,
th
e
SF
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
L
PF
with
r
ejec
tio
n
lev
els
o
f
2
0
d
B
is
2
.
T
h
e
n
o
r
m
alize
d
cir
cu
it si
ze
(
NC
S)
is
d
ef
in
ed
as
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
7
6
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
1,
Ap
r
il
20
20
:
2
4
–
3
0
30
=
p
hy
s
ic
a
l
siz
e
(
l
e
n
g
t
h
×
wid
t
h
)
2
(
1
0
)
C
o
m
p
ar
in
g
with
th
e
o
th
er
f
ilter
s
[
2
-
3
]
,
[
5
]
,
[
7
-
1
1
]
,
clea
r
ly
a
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
ze
r
o
clo
s
e
to
th
e
p
ass
b
an
d
is
r
ea
lized
with
T
-
s
h
ap
ed
r
es
o
n
ato
r
an
d
th
e
f
ilter
h
as
s
h
ar
p
r
o
ll
-
o
f
f
r
ate
in
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
to
[
2
-
3
]
,
[
5
]
,
[
7
-
1
1
]
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
wid
th
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
ilter
ca
n
b
e
f
u
r
th
er
ex
ten
d
ed
b
y
u
s
in
g
Sp
l
it
R
in
g
R
eso
n
ato
r
s
as
[
7
]
.
Als
o
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
ilter
h
as
lo
wer
in
s
er
tio
n
lo
s
s
in
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
t
o
o
th
e
r
wo
r
k
s
.
H
o
wev
er
,
th
e
f
ilter
is
s
y
m
m
etr
ical
an
d
m
in
iatu
r
ized
in
d
im
en
s
io
n
wh
ich
is
less
co
s
tly
to
im
p
lem
en
t
in
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
a
n
d
s
im
u
lated
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
f
ilter
h
av
e
g
o
o
d
ag
r
ee
m
en
t
at
lo
wer
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
.
T
h
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
at
h
ig
h
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies
is
d
u
e
t
o
th
e
im
p
e
r
f
ec
t
s
o
ld
er
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
p
o
r
ts
an
d
in
ac
cu
r
ate
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
ilter
.
T
ab
le
1.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
L
PF
with
o
th
er
wo
r
k
s
.
Ref
ζ
R
S
B
SF
I
n
sert
i
o
n
Lo
ss
N
C
S
[
2
]
5
2
.
8
1
.
5
3
2
0
.
3
0
.
1
1
3
×
0
.
0
8
1
[
3
]
1
4
.
1
1
.
5
4
1
.
4
0
.
4
0
.
1
0
3
×
0
.
0
7
1
[
5
]
4
3
.
9
1
.
3
5
5
1
.
5
1
0
.
1
5
×
0
.
1
0
1
[
7
]
20
1
.
6
5
1
.
7
0
.
3
0
.
1
2
×
0
.
0
7
1
[
8
]
1
6
.
6
6
1
.
5
5
1
.
5
0
.
3
6
0
.
0
8
1
×
0
.
0
8
9
[
9
]
15
1
.
5
8
1
.
5
0
.
5
0
.
1
1
×
0
.
0
9
[
1
0
]
17
-
2
0
.
2
0
.
1
1
×
0
.
1
1
[
1
1
]
5
6
.
7
1
.
2
6
7
2
0
.
3
0
.
1
1
6
×
0
.
1
1
5
Th
i
s
w
o
r
k
6
5
.
4
1
.
5
4
2
0
.
1
8
0
.
1
5
8
×
0
.
1
3
1
6.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
An
L
PF
with
cu
to
f
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
2
.
7
2
GHz
b
y
m
o
d
if
ied
T
-
s
h
ap
ed
r
eso
n
ato
r
h
as
b
ee
n
d
esig
n
ed
,
f
ab
r
icate
d
,
a
n
d
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
.
T
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
b
an
d
wi
d
th
,
th
e
b
an
d
s
to
p
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
u
s
in
g
o
p
e
n
s
tu
b
s
an
d
h
ex
an
g
u
lar
p
atc
h
es
h
as
b
ee
n
ad
d
ed
at
th
e
two
s
id
es
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
eso
n
ato
r
.
An
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ate
L
C
eq
u
iv
alen
t
cir
cu
it
o
f
ea
ch
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
h
as
b
ee
n
d
er
iv
ed
a
n
d
its
r
esp
o
n
s
e
h
as
b
ee
n
co
m
p
a
r
ed
with
s
im
u
lated
r
esu
lt.
A
h
ig
h
atten
u
atio
n
o
v
e
r
th
e
s
to
p
b
a
n
d
u
p
to
2
1
.
3
GH
z
h
as
b
ee
n
o
b
tain
ed
s
o
th
at
th
e
u
n
wan
ted
o
u
t
-
of
-
b
an
d
s
ig
n
al
is
elim
in
ated
.
T
h
e
o
b
tain
ed
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
a
t
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
ilter
h
as
g
o
o
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
u
ch
as
lo
w
in
s
er
tio
n
lo
s
s
,
wid
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
an
d
h
ig
h
s
elec
tiv
ity
in
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
to
o
th
er
f
ilter
s
.
Du
e
to
co
m
p
ac
t size,
lo
w
in
s
er
tio
n
lo
s
s
an
d
wid
e
s
to
p
b
an
d
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
L
PF
is
ex
p
ec
ted
to
b
e
ap
p
lied
i
n
m
o
d
er
n
wir
ele
s
s
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
J.
S
.
Ho
n
g
a
n
d
M
.
J.
Lan
c
a
ste
r,
“
M
icro
strip
F
il
ters
f
o
r
RF
/
M
icro
w
a
v
e
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,”
Ne
w
Y
o
rk
,
W
il
e
y
,
2
0
0
1
.
[2
]
S
.
Li
u
,
J.
X
u
,
a
n
d
Z.
X
u
,
“
C
o
m
p
a
c
t
lo
w
p
a
ss
fil
ter
wit
h
wi
d
e
st
o
p
b
a
n
d
u
si
n
g
ste
p
p
e
d
imp
e
d
a
n
c
e
h
a
irp
i
n
u
n
i
ts,”
El
e
c
tro
n
ic L
e
tt
e
rs
.
,
v
o
l
.
5
1
,
p
p
.
67
–
6
9
,
2
0
1
4
.
[3
]
F
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
S
.
Li
o
,
P
.
Z
h
a
o
,
M
.
Du
,
X.
Z
h
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
J.
Xu
,
“
Co
m
p
a
c
t
u
lt
ra
-
wid
e
st
o
p
b
a
n
d
lo
w
p
a
ss
fil
ter
u
sin
g
tran
sfo
rm
e
d
ste
p
p
e
d
imp
e
d
a
n
c
e
h
a
irp
i
n
re
so
n
a
to
r,
”
2
0
1
7
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m
o
n
An
ten
n
a
s
a
n
d
Pro
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
&
US
NC/UR
S
I
N
a
ti
o
n
a
l
R
a
d
i
o
S
c
ie
n
c
e
M
e
e
ti
n
g
,
2
0
1
7
.
[4
]
S
.
Az
izi,
M
.
E.
Ha
lao
u
i,
A.
Ka
a
b
a
l,
S
.
A
h
y
o
u
d
a
n
d
A.
As
se
lma
n
,
“
En
h
a
n
c
e
d
Ba
n
d
wi
d
th
o
f
Ba
n
d
P
a
ss
F
il
ter
Us
in
g
a
De
fe
c
ted
M
icro
strip
S
tr
u
c
tu
re
f
o
r
Wi
d
e
b
a
n
d
A
p
p
l
ica
ti
o
n
s,”
In
t
e
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ter
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
o
l.
8
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
5
2
6
0
-
5
2
6
7
,
De
c
.
2
0
1
8
.
[5
]
F
.
Wei
,
L
.
C
h
e
n
,
a
n
d
X
-
W
.
S
h
i,
“
Co
m
p
a
c
t
l
o
wp
a
ss
fi
lt
e
r
b
a
se
d
o
n
c
o
u
p
led
-
l
in
e
h
a
irp
i
n
u
n
it
,
”
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
L
e
tt
e
rs
,
v
o
l:
4
8
,
p
p
.
3
7
9
-
3
8
1
,
2
0
1
2
.
[6
]
S
.
K.
P
a
ru
i,
S
.
Da
s,
“
M
icro
stri
p
m
u
lt
i
-
sto
p
b
a
n
d
fi
lt
e
r
b
a
se
d
o
n
t
h
r
e
e
fra
c
tal
slo
tt
e
d
re
so
n
a
to
r,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(IJ
ECE
)
,
vol
.
9
,
p
p
.
3
6
5
7
-
3
6
6
3
,
2
0
1
9
.
[7
]
S
.
S
e
n
,
T.
M
o
y
ra
,
a
n
d
D.
S
a
rk
a
r,
“
M
o
d
e
ll
in
g
a
n
d
Va
li
d
a
ti
o
n
o
f
M
icro
wa
v
e
LP
F
Us
in
g
M
o
d
ifi
e
d
R
e
c
tan
g
u
lar
S
p
li
t
Rin
g
Re
so
n
a
to
rs
(S
RR)
a
n
d
De
fe
c
ted
S
tru
c
tu
re
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
Ac
c
e
p
ted
fo
r
p
u
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
,
2
0
1
8
.
[8
]
H.
Cu
i,
J.
Wan
g
,
a
n
d
G
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
m
icro
strip
l
o
wp
a
ss
fil
ter
with
c
o
m
p
a
c
t
siz
e
a
n
d
u
lt
ra
-
wid
e
sto
p
b
a
n
d
,
”
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
L
e
tt
,
v
o
l.
4
8
,
n
o
.
1
4
,
p
p
8
5
6
-
8
5
7
,
J
u
ly
2
0
1
2
.
[9
]
Q.
Li
,
Y.
Zh
a
n
g
a
n
d
Y.
F
a
n
.
,
“
Co
m
p
a
c
t
u
lt
ra
-
wid
e
sto
p
b
a
n
d
lo
w
p
a
ss
fil
ter
u
si
n
g
m
u
lt
im
o
d
e
re
so
n
a
t
o
rs
,
”
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
L
e
tt
e
rs
,
vol
.
5
1
,
p
p
.
1
0
8
4
-
1
0
8
5
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
0
]
B.
Na
siri,
A.
Err
k
i
k
,
J.
Z
b
it
o
u
,
A.
Tajm
o
u
a
ti
,
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(I
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)
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P
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El
e
c
tro
n
ic L
e
tt
e
rs
,
vol
.
46
,
6
8
9
-
6
9
1
,
2
0
1
0
.
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