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ested
L
o
R
aW
A
NT
M
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
[
1
]
f
o
r
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
in
ter
o
p
er
ab
i
lit
y
o
r
u
s
i
n
g
ab
s
o
lu
tel
y
ad
h
o
c
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
w
h
er
e
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
r
ea
lize
cu
s
to
m
iz
atio
n
to
w
ar
d
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
ap
p
licati
o
n
p
r
o
f
iles
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
a
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
u
r
v
e
y
o
n
I
o
T
cl
o
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
s
[
3
]
,
n
o
les
s
t
h
an
4
9
I
o
T
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
s
ar
e
o
n
t
h
e
m
ar
k
et
to
s
atis
f
y
t
h
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
d
i
v
er
s
e
i
n
d
i
v
id
u
al
u
s
er
s
an
d
g
r
o
u
p
s
li
k
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
ts
,
e
n
ter
p
r
is
es,
h
ea
lt
h
ca
r
e
p
r
o
v
id
er
s
,
f
ar
m
er
s
,
tr
an
s
p
o
r
t
o
p
er
ato
r
s
,
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
s
an
d
m
a
n
u
f
ac
tu
r
in
g
s
er
v
ice
s
.
[
4
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
is
r
elati
v
el
y
h
u
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
h
as
n
o
t
h
e
lp
ed
th
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
an
d
en
g
i
n
ee
r
s
m
u
c
h
in
th
eir
atte
m
p
t
to
s
elec
t
th
e
m
o
s
t
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
cl
o
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
w
h
ile
en
d
ea
v
o
r
in
g
to
d
ev
elo
p
I
o
T
-
b
ased
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
to
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
o
f
th
eir
clie
n
ts
/e
m
p
lo
y
er
s
.
T
h
is
is
lar
g
el
y
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
d
ea
r
th
o
f
th
eir
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
ab
o
u
t
th
e
m
u
l
tip
le
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
o
f
th
e
s
e
I
o
T
cl
o
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
s
an
d
o
f
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
d
ec
is
i
v
e
in
t
h
eir
f
i
n
al
p
latf
o
r
m
s
elec
tio
n
.
I
n
p
ar
ticu
lar
,
m
an
y
m
e
tr
ics
in
f
l
u
en
ce
th
e
I
o
T
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
ch
o
ice
f
o
r
th
e
L
o
R
a
p
r
o
to
co
l
s
u
ch
as
ap
p
licatio
n
d
o
m
ai
n
s
,
p
r
o
to
co
ls
,
ce
r
tif
ied
h
ar
d
w
ar
e,
SDK/ la
n
g
u
a
g
e,
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
,
a
n
al
y
s
is
,
a
n
d
co
s
t.
I
n
th
is
ar
ticle,
w
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
t
h
e
I
o
T
cl
o
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
s
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
th
e
L
o
R
a
p
r
o
to
co
l
w
h
ic
h
en
ab
les
lo
w
-
p
o
w
er
an
d
lo
n
g
-
r
a
n
g
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
.
S
e
v
er
al
w
o
r
k
s
h
an
d
li
n
g
L
o
R
a
clo
u
d
p
lat
f
o
r
m
s
ar
e
t
o
b
e
r
ev
ie
w
ed
w
it
h
th
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
m
a
k
i
n
g
a
tec
h
n
ical
a
n
d
a
n
al
y
tical
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
to
e
v
al
u
ate
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
s
o
m
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
als
b
ased
o
n
th
e
m
etr
ic
s
m
e
n
tio
n
e
d
ab
o
v
e.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
t
s
tu
d
y
i
s
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
atte
m
p
t
i
n
t
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
to
s
u
r
v
e
y
p
lai
n
l
y
th
e
I
o
T
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
s
m
o
s
t
u
s
ed
w
it
h
th
e
L
o
R
a
p
r
o
to
co
l.
T
h
e
r
em
ai
n
d
er
o
f
t
h
e
p
ap
er
is
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
ed
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
s
ec
tio
n
I
I
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
t
h
e
L
o
R
aW
A
N
an
d
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
co
n
ce
p
ts
.
I
t
d
ea
ls
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
en
t
k
e
y
is
s
u
e
s
i
n
r
elatio
n
t
o
b
o
th
n
o
tio
n
s
.
Secti
o
n
I
I
I
g
o
es
o
v
er
t
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
w
o
r
k
s
w
h
ich
d
is
c
u
s
s
th
e
I
o
T
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
s
u
s
ed
f
o
r
L
o
R
a
p
r
o
to
c
o
l.
A
n
in
-
d
ep
th
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
ese
w
o
r
k
s
i
s
i
n
clu
d
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
I
V.
Fi
n
all
y
,
s
o
m
e
co
n
cl
u
d
i
n
g
r
e
m
ar
k
s
ar
e
d
r
a
w
n
i
n
s
ec
tio
n
V
w
h
ic
h
en
d
s
w
i
th
s
o
m
e
all
u
s
io
n
s
to
p
o
s
s
ib
le
f
u
t
u
r
e
av
e
n
u
e
s
o
f
r
esear
ch
in
t
h
e
f
ield
.
2.
P
RE
L
I
M
I
NARY
CO
NSI
DE
RATI
O
N
S
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
w
e
p
r
esen
t
t
wo
ess
en
tial
n
o
tio
n
s
u
s
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
p
ap
er
,
n
a
m
el
y
L
o
R
aW
A
N
an
d
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
Fir
s
t,
w
e
w
il
l
d
ef
i
n
e
th
e
b
asic
s
o
f
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
L
o
R
aW
A
N
b
y
i
n
s
i
s
t
in
g
o
n
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
th
at
w
ar
r
an
t
o
u
r
ch
o
ice
o
f
th
e
L
o
R
a
p
r
o
to
co
l.
Seco
n
d
l
y
,
w
e
d
ef
in
e
t
h
e
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
co
n
ce
p
t b
y
h
i
g
h
l
ig
h
ti
n
g
its
p
r
o
v
en
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
.
2
.
1
.
L
o
Ra
WAN
L
o
R
a
i
s
a
lo
w
-
p
o
w
er
,
lo
n
g
-
r
a
n
g
e
w
ir
ele
s
s
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
f
o
r
s
m
all,
lo
w
-
p
o
w
er
ed
d
ev
ices.
T
h
is
m
ak
e
s
it
v
er
y
s
u
itab
le
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
f
o
r
d
ev
ices
w
o
r
k
in
g
o
n
b
atter
ies
b
u
t
also
f
o
r
I
o
T
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
[
5
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
ill
u
s
tr
ate
s
t
h
e
L
o
R
a
W
A
N
s
y
s
te
m
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
:
te
r
m
in
a
l,
g
ate
w
a
y
,
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
er
v
er
,
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
er
v
er
.
First,
th
e
ter
m
in
al
i
s
d
ef
in
ed
as
an
ed
g
e
d
ev
ice
i
n
s
talled
o
n
r
e
m
o
te
s
ites
.
Seco
n
d
,
th
e
g
ate
w
a
y
is
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
tr
an
s
f
er
r
in
g
p
a
ck
ets
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
L
o
R
a
ter
m
i
n
al
s
to
th
e
L
o
R
a
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
er
v
er
s
an
d
v
ice
v
er
s
a.
T
h
e
g
ate
w
a
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is
eq
u
a
ll
y
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
l
e
f
o
r
th
e
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
L
o
R
a
p
h
y
s
ical
la
y
er
p
r
o
to
co
l
to
th
e
p
r
o
to
co
ls
o
f
th
e
b
ac
k
h
au
l
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
ir
d
,
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
er
v
er
d
ea
ls
w
it
h
u
p
p
er
-
la
y
er
p
r
o
to
co
ls
f
o
r
I
o
T
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
I
t
ex
ch
a
n
g
es
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ig
n
ali
n
g
m
es
s
ag
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
M
AC
/
L
2
/
L
3
la
y
er
s
w
it
h
t
h
e
ter
m
i
n
als.
Fi
n
a
ll
y
,
t
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
er
v
er
p
er
m
its
to
h
an
d
le
t
h
e
d
ata
g
ath
er
ed
f
r
o
m
I
o
T
ter
m
i
n
als.
B
r
o
ad
ly
s
p
ea
k
i
n
g
,
d
iv
er
s
e
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
o
p
er
ate
w
i
th
t
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
e
r
v
er
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it d
o
es n
o
t d
ep
en
d
o
n
th
e
I
o
T
n
et
w
o
r
k
p
r
o
to
co
ls
.
W
ith
t
h
e
n
ec
es
s
it
y
o
f
a
lo
w
d
ata
r
ate,
n
et
w
o
r
k
co
n
n
ec
ti
v
i
t
y
,
a
n
d
a
lo
w
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
l
y
i
n
t
h
e
I
o
T
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
t
h
e
L
o
R
a
p
r
o
to
co
l
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
v
er
y
e
f
f
ici
en
t.
L
o
n
g
-
r
an
g
e
co
m
m
u
n
icati
o
n
an
d
lo
w
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
ar
e
m
ad
e
p
o
s
s
ib
l
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
lo
w
d
ata
r
ate
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
f
th
e
I
o
T
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
s
.
L
o
R
a
is
ac
tu
all
y
d
is
ti
n
g
u
is
h
ab
le
f
r
o
m
p
r
ev
io
u
s
w
ir
ele
s
s
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
b
y
i
ts
s
ac
r
if
ici
n
g
th
e
p
ea
k
d
ata
r
ate
[
6
]
in
o
r
d
er
to
r
ea
lize
lo
w
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
a
n
d
lo
n
g
-
r
an
g
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
.
T
h
e
L
o
R
a
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
er
v
er
h
a
s
th
r
ee
ca
teg
o
r
ies
o
f
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
:
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
o
p
er
atio
n
s
,
en
cr
y
p
tio
n
,
an
d
m
ed
iu
m
ac
ce
s
s
co
n
tr
o
l
(
M
AC
)
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
ca
teg
o
r
y
,
i.e
.
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
o
p
er
atio
n
,
co
n
s
i
s
ts
i
n
in
s
tall
in
g
an
d
u
n
i
n
s
talli
n
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
er
v
ic
es
an
d
d
ev
ice
s
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ca
teg
o
r
y
o
f
e
n
cr
y
p
tio
n
s
er
v
es
to
p
r
o
tect
th
e
d
ata
g
ath
er
ed
b
y
L
o
R
a
ter
m
i
n
als.
T
h
e
MA
C
ca
te
g
o
r
y
r
o
le
is
to
en
s
u
r
e
t
h
e
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
o
f
r
ad
io
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
am
e
lio
r
ate
its
n
et
w
o
r
k
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t.
Fo
r
th
at
to
h
ap
p
en
,
ch
an
n
el
s
tat
u
s
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
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I
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A
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20
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54
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56
m
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[
7
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.
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k
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ata
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u
r
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1
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L
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[
8
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L
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N
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tech
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(
L
P
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[
5
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th
at
allo
w
s
L
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ev
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s
to
co
m
m
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icate
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v
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[
9
]
.
L
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R
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s
c
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s
allo
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if
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5
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ar
e:
−
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T
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L
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:
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as
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0
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−
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tally
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id
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al:
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eq
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lo
ca
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in
cl
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:
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tech
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.
−
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x
ten
d
ed
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n
ter
io
r
co
v
er
ag
e:
T
h
e
L
o
R
a®
r
ad
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m
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d
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latio
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ex
ten
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in
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o
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p
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n
t
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e
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ase
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t.
−
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lice
n
s
ed
f
r
ee
tap
e:
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t a
cq
u
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lato
r
s
'
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s
e.
−
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d
ar
d
o
p
en
:
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h
e
L
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R
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s
tan
d
ar
d
tak
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ter
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p
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s
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d
m
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f
ac
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8776
C
lo
u
d
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b
a
s
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p
la
tfo
r
ms fo
r
Lo
R
a
in
tern
et
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f th
in
g
s
:
a
s
u
r
ve
y
(
Mo
u
n
a
Ga
s
s
a
r
a
)
57
−
L
o
w
co
s
ts
:
T
h
e
L
o
R
aW
AN's
o
p
en
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
,
h
i
g
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ti
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−
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it
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:
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o
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aW
A
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f
er
s
t
w
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n
d
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t
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e
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N
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k
as
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k
ass
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h
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ti
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k
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s
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m
p
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it
h
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t
h
as
a
n
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ch
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ter
is
tic
s
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co
m
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r
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m
a
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m
a
te
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[
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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20
21
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54
–
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58
2
.
2
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Clo
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u
ter
s
y
s
te
m
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
co
m
p
u
tin
g
p
o
w
e
r
an
d
d
ata
s
to
r
ag
e,
w
it
h
n
o
d
ir
ec
t
an
d
ac
tiv
e
m
a
n
ag
in
g
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
[
1
2
]
.
Gen
er
all
y
,
t
h
is
ter
m
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
a
v
ailab
ili
t
y
o
f
th
e
d
ata
ce
n
ter
s
to
s
ev
er
al
u
s
er
s
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
I
n
ter
n
et.
T
o
d
ay
,
lar
g
e
clo
u
d
s
p
r
ed
o
m
in
ate
w
h
i
ch
h
a
v
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
e
m
p
lace
m
en
ts
f
r
o
m
ce
n
tr
al
s
er
v
er
s
.
I
n
ca
s
e
t
h
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
to
t
h
e
u
s
er
is
f
a
ir
l
y
clo
s
e,
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
co
n
s
id
er
it
an
ed
g
e
s
er
v
er
.
T
h
r
ee
t
y
p
es
o
f
clo
u
d
ex
is
t
[
1
3
]
.
Firs
t,
en
ter
p
r
is
e
clo
u
d
s
ar
e
clo
u
d
s
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
r
estr
icted
to
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
.
Seco
n
d
,
p
u
b
lic
clo
u
d
s
ar
e
th
e
o
n
es
av
ai
lab
le
to
s
ev
er
al
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
;
h
o
w
e
v
er
.
T
h
e
th
ir
d
an
d
f
i
n
al
t
y
p
e
i
s
th
e
h
y
b
r
id
clo
u
d
w
h
ic
h
i
s
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
a
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t t
w
o
t
y
p
e
s
,
i.e
.
en
ter
p
r
is
e
an
d
p
u
b
lic
clo
u
d
s
.
T
h
e
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
n
o
tio
n
c
o
u
n
t
s
o
n
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
h
ar
i
n
g
to
a
ttain
s
ca
le
ec
o
n
o
m
ie
s
an
d
a
h
i
g
h
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
co
h
er
en
ce
.
A
v
o
id
i
n
g
(
o
r
o
n
l
y
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
)
u
p
-
f
r
o
n
t
I
T
i
n
f
r
a
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
co
s
ts
i
s
allo
w
ed
to
co
m
p
an
ie
s
b
y
ad
v
o
ca
tes
o
f
p
u
b
lic
o
r
h
y
b
r
id
clo
u
d
s
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
p
er
m
it
s
e
n
ter
p
r
is
es
to
o
b
tain
th
e
ir
ap
p
licatio
n
s
an
d
r
u
n
t
h
e
m
f
ast
er
,
w
ith
e
n
h
a
n
ce
d
m
a
n
ag
ea
b
il
it
y
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
m
ain
ten
a
n
ce
co
s
ts
.
T
h
at
r
eq
u
ir
es
I
T
team
s
to
q
u
ick
l
y
r
eg
u
late
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
to
ac
co
m
m
o
d
ate
u
n
p
r
ed
ictab
le
an
d
f
lu
ctu
a
tin
g
d
em
an
d
s
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
“
p
a
y
-
as
-
y
o
u
-
g
o
”
is
t
y
p
icall
y
u
s
ed
b
y
clo
u
d
p
r
o
v
id
er
s
.
W
h
en
ad
m
i
n
is
tr
ato
r
s
ar
e
n
o
t
h
ab
itu
ated
to
clo
u
d
-
p
r
icin
g
m
o
d
els
[
1
4
]
,
th
is
m
o
d
el
ca
n
i
n
d
u
ce
u
n
e
x
p
ec
ted
o
p
e
r
atin
g
ex
p
e
n
s
es.
T
h
e
r
e
m
ar
k
a
b
le
g
r
o
w
t
h
i
n
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
is
b
r
o
u
g
h
t
ab
o
u
t
b
y
t
h
e
w
id
esp
r
ea
d
av
ailab
ilit
y
o
f
h
i
g
h
-
ca
p
ac
it
y
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
.
A
n
o
th
er
co
n
tr
ib
u
ti
n
g
f
ac
to
r
is
th
e
u
b
iq
u
it
y
o
f
h
i
g
h
-
s
to
r
ag
e
d
ev
ices
an
d
lo
w
-
co
s
t
co
m
p
u
ter
s
as
w
ell
as
o
f
au
to
n
o
m
ic
an
d
ef
f
icien
t
co
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
t
h
e
p
er
v
asiv
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
s
er
v
ice
-
o
r
ien
ted
ar
ch
itect
u
r
es
a
n
d
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
v
ir
tu
al
izatio
n
ca
n
b
e
cited
as a
th
ir
d
f
ac
to
r
w
h
ich
h
elp
ed
to
b
o
o
s
t th
is
g
r
o
wth
as s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
A
g
e
n
er
al
m
o
d
el
o
f
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
T
o
s
u
m
m
ar
ize,
th
i
s
s
ec
tio
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h
a
s
h
i
g
h
l
ig
h
ted
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e
es
s
en
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ial
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
b
o
th
th
e
L
o
R
a
W
A
N
an
d
th
e
C
lo
u
d
co
m
p
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ti
n
g
co
n
ce
p
t
s
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
k
n
o
w
n
I
o
T
C
lo
u
d
p
latf
o
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m
s
co
m
b
i
n
i
n
g
t
h
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t
w
o
co
n
ce
p
ts
ar
e
to
b
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
i
n
t
h
e
n
ex
t
s
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
is
to
s
e
lect
t
h
e
b
est
I
o
T
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
f
r
o
m
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
m
b
ased
o
n
s
o
m
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
m
etr
ics s
u
c
h
as p
r
icin
g
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
d
o
m
a
in
s
.
3.
L
O
RA
I
O
T
C
L
O
UD
P
L
AT
F
O
RM
S
Mu
ltip
le
I
o
T
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
s
ex
is
t,
b
u
t
n
o
t
all
o
f
th
e
m
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
lie
d
to
th
e
L
o
R
a
p
r
o
to
c
o
l.
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
w
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
t
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
o
n
th
e
f
o
u
r
m
o
s
t
u
s
ed
L
o
R
a
I
o
T
cl
o
u
d
p
l
atf
o
r
m
s
.
T
h
ese
ar
e:
T
h
in
g
Sp
ea
k
[
1
5
]
,
Op
en
Stack
[
16
]
,
T
h
e
T
h
in
g
s
Net
w
o
r
k
[
17
]
,
an
d
T
h
eth
in
g
s
.
io
[
18
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8776
C
lo
u
d
-
b
a
s
ed
p
la
tfo
r
ms fo
r
Lo
R
a
in
tern
et
o
f th
in
g
s
:
a
s
u
r
ve
y
(
Mo
u
n
a
Ga
s
s
a
r
a
)
59
3
.
1
.
T
hin
g
S
pea
k
T
h
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
P
h
a
m
[
19
]
is
a
lo
w
-
co
s
t
L
o
R
a
p
latf
o
r
m
&
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
in
ten
d
e
d
to
d
ep
lo
y
ad
h
o
c
L
o
R
a
I
o
T
test
-
b
ed
s
w
it
h
a
h
i
g
h
d
e
g
r
ee
o
f
cu
s
to
m
izatio
n
an
d
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
.
B
es
id
es,
it
u
s
e
s
a
f
r
ee
T
h
in
g
Sp
ea
k
[
1
6
]
p
latf
o
r
m
ac
co
u
n
t
to
d
ep
lo
y
th
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
an
d
th
e
g
ate
w
a
y
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
v
is
u
alize
ca
p
tu
r
ed
d
ata
in
r
ea
l
t
i
m
e.
I
n
f
ac
t,
T
h
i
n
g
Sp
ea
k
p
r
esen
ts
a
n
o
p
en
I
o
T
d
at
a
p
latf
o
r
m
f
o
u
n
d
ed
o
n
p
u
b
lic
clo
u
d
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
.
T
h
is
p
latf
o
r
m
p
er
m
its
to
co
llect
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
d
ata,
a
n
al
y
ze
th
e
m
,
an
d
ac
t
iv
ate
a
n
Op
e
n
AP
I
.
I
t
is
b
ased
o
n
ap
p
licatio
n
s
a
n
d
p
lu
g
i
n
s
,
v
i
s
u
aliza
tio
n
,
m
o
n
i
to
r
in
g
,
d
ata
s
to
r
ag
e
an
d
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
u
s
er
'
s
d
ata
w
it
h
a
d
i
v
er
s
it
y
o
f
th
ir
d
-
p
ar
t
y
p
latf
o
r
m
s
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
it
o
p
er
ates
w
it
h
I
o
T
p
latf
o
r
m
s
li
k
e
A
r
d
u
i
n
o
,
io
B
r
id
g
e,
T
w
it
ter
,
T
w
ilio
,
MA
T
L
A
B
a
n
d
T
h
i
n
g
HT
T
P.
I
t
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
co
llect
s
en
s
o
r
d
ata
in
to
ea
ch
c
h
an
n
el
h
a
v
i
n
g
e
ig
h
t
f
ield
s
t
h
at
ca
n
m
an
ip
u
late
a
n
y
t
y
p
e
o
f
d
ata,
o
n
e
s
tatu
s
f
ield
,
an
d
th
r
ee
l
o
ca
tio
n
f
ield
s
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
ap
p
licatio
n
s
a
m
elio
r
ati
n
g
th
e
r
ea
ctio
n
m
e
asu
r
es
s
u
ch
as
T
w
ee
t
C
o
n
tr
o
l
th
a
t
p
er
m
i
ts
to
li
s
ten
to
t
h
e
T
w
itter
v
er
s
e
a
n
d
r
esp
o
n
d
in
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e,
T
im
e
C
o
n
tr
o
l
th
at
allo
w
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
ac
tio
n
s
au
to
m
atica
l
l
y
at
p
r
ed
eter
m
in
ed
ti
m
es
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
T
h
in
g
Sp
ea
k
ap
p
licatio
n
,
T
alk
B
ac
k
t
h
at
p
er
m
its
to
q
u
e
u
e
u
p
co
m
m
a
n
d
f
o
r
u
s
er
'
s
d
ev
ic
e,
an
d
R
ea
ct
w
h
ic
h
r
ea
cts
w
h
e
n
s
o
m
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
ar
e
m
et
b
y
ch
a
n
n
el
d
ata.
T
h
in
g
Sp
ea
k
e
n
ab
les
th
e
p
u
b
lic
clo
u
d
b
y
tr
i
g
g
e
r
i
n
g
f
ac
ilit
ies,
b
u
t it
d
o
es n
o
t p
r
o
m
o
te
co
n
n
ec
ti
n
g
d
ev
ices si
m
u
lt
an
eo
u
s
l
y
.
An
o
th
er
w
o
r
k
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
P
h
a
m
et
al.
[
20
]
d
ea
ls
w
i
th
h
o
w
th
e
s
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
ar
e
b
ein
g
u
tili
ze
d
i
n
th
e
Af
r
ican
r
u
r
al,
s
u
b
-
Sa
h
ar
a
n
co
n
te
x
t.
T
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
d
escr
ib
es
a
lo
w
-
co
s
t,
lo
n
g
-
r
an
g
e
I
o
T
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
w
h
ic
h
tak
es
i
n
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
t
h
e
co
s
t
o
f
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
an
d
s
er
v
ices
in
ad
d
itio
n
to
f
ast
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iati
o
n
,
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
cu
s
to
m
izatio
n
b
y
th
ir
d
p
ar
ties
.
I
n
th
is
w
o
r
k
,
t
h
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
an
d
th
e
g
ate
w
a
y
ca
n
b
e
d
ep
lo
y
ed
w
it
h
i
n
m
in
u
te
s
b
y
s
m
al
l
f
ar
m
s
u
s
i
n
g
a
f
r
ee
ac
co
u
n
t
cr
ea
ted
o
n
t
h
e
T
h
i
n
g
Sp
ea
k
p
latf
o
r
m
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
b
e
ab
le
to
v
is
u
alize
g
at
h
er
ed
d
ata
in
r
ea
l
ti
m
e.
D
u
p
o
n
t
et
a
l.
[
21
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
W
A
Z
I
UP
w
h
i
ch
i
s
t
h
e
f
r
u
i
t
o
f
a
p
r
o
j
ec
t
f
u
n
d
ed
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
E
U
H2
0
2
0
f
r
am
e
w
o
r
k
a
n
d
ai
m
ed
to
d
ep
lo
y
an
o
p
en
i
n
n
o
v
atio
n
I
o
T
p
latf
o
r
m
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
b
r
id
g
i
n
g
t
h
e
No
r
th
/So
u
t
h
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
d
iv
id
e,
w
it
h
a
s
p
ec
ial
f
o
cu
s
o
n
r
e
m
o
te,
lar
g
el
y
is
o
lated
an
d
r
u
r
al,
ar
ea
s
in
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
co
u
n
tr
ies,
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
t
h
o
s
e
l
o
ca
ted
s
o
u
t
h
o
f
t
h
e
Sa
h
ar
a
D
eser
t.
T
h
e
m
a
in
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
is
p
lat
f
o
r
m
i
s
t
o
en
ab
le
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t o
f
I
o
T
ap
p
licatio
n
s
w
it
h
B
ig
Data
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies.
A
L
o
w
-
co
s
t
L
o
R
a
I
o
T
Fra
m
e
w
o
r
k
is
r
ea
lized
b
y
P
h
a
m
in
th
e
W
AZ
I
UP
/W
AZ
I
HUB
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
(
E
U
H2
0
2
0
)
[
22
]
.
T
h
is
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
is
b
ased
o
n
a
L
o
R
a
g
ate
w
a
y
co
n
ce
iv
ed
w
it
h
a
R
asp
b
er
r
y
P
i
2
an
d
an
R
FM
9
5
r
ad
io
m
o
d
u
le.
P
h
a
m
r
ea
lized
s
i
m
p
le
P
C
B
s
f
o
r
R
asp
b
er
r
y
P
I
,
A
r
d
u
i
n
o
Nan
o
,
a
n
d
A
r
d
u
in
o
P
r
o
Min
i
in
o
r
d
er
to
co
n
n
ec
t
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
R
FM
9
5
L
o
R
a
r
ad
io
m
o
d
u
le
a
n
d
t
h
e
R
asp
b
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r
y
P
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o
r
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A
r
d
u
i
n
o
b
o
ar
d
.
T
h
ese
P
C
B
s
ar
e
o
f
f
er
ed
f
r
ee
.
T
h
e
P
C
B
p
r
esen
t
s
a
s
i
m
p
le
R
FM9
5
b
r
ea
k
o
u
t
with
a
h
ea
d
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p
in
d
e
s
ig
n
ed
f
o
r
b
o
th
R
a
s
p
b
er
r
y
(
f
o
r
g
ate
w
a
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co
n
ce
p
ti
o
n
)
an
d
A
r
d
u
in
o
b
o
ar
d
s
.
T
h
is
P
C
B
is
co
n
ce
iv
ed
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
to
b
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
GP
I
O
h
ea
d
er
r
o
w
o
f
th
e
R
asp
b
er
r
y
.
B
y
u
s
i
n
g
a
n
I
n
ter
n
e
t
-
co
n
n
e
cted
R
asp
b
er
r
y
,
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
co
n
f
ig
u
r
e
an
d
m
an
a
g
e
th
e
L
o
R
a
g
ate
w
a
y
.
T
h
e
co
n
ce
iv
ed
L
o
R
a
g
a
te
w
a
y
ca
n
b
e
co
n
n
ec
te
d
to
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
L
o
R
a
en
d
-
d
ev
ice
s
.
An
ex
a
m
p
le
o
f
a
s
i
m
p
le
en
d
-
d
ev
i
ce
is
r
ea
lized
w
ith
a
L
o
R
a
r
ad
io
m
o
d
u
le
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
an
A
r
d
u
in
o
ME
G
A
,
Un
o
,
Min
i,
P
r
o
Min
i,
T
ee
n
s
y
,
o
r
N
an
o
b
o
ar
d
v
ia
t
h
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
S
P
I
p
in
s
.
I
t
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
u
s
e
Nan
o
/P
r
o
Min
i
b
r
ea
k
o
u
t
P
C
B
d
esig
n
ed
b
y
P
h
a
m
[
1
9
]
in
o
r
d
er
to
s
im
p
l
y
co
n
n
ec
t
R
FM9
5
r
ad
io
to
A
r
d
u
in
o
.
B
y
ad
d
in
g
a
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
s
en
s
o
r
(
e.
g
.
L
M3
5
DZ
)
,
th
e
en
d
-
d
ev
ice
b
ec
o
m
e
s
ab
le
to
s
e
n
d
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
r
ea
d
in
g
s
p
er
io
d
icall
y
to
th
e
L
o
R
a
g
ate
w
a
y
co
n
n
ec
ted
t
o
th
e
T
h
in
g
Sp
ea
k
.
3
.
2
.
O
penS
t
a
c
k
T
h
r
ee
d
if
f
er
en
t
C
lo
u
d
la
y
er
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
b
y
t
h
e
W
AZ
I
UP
I
o
T
:
I
n
f
r
astru
ct
u
r
e
as
a
Ser
v
i
ce
(
I
aa
S),
C
o
n
tai
n
er
as
a
Ser
v
ice
(
C
aa
S),
an
d
P
latf
o
r
m
as
a
Ser
v
ice
(
P
aa
S).
Op
en
Stack
[
2
0
]
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
f
ir
s
t
la
y
er
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
Vir
tu
al
Ma
c
h
in
e
s
(
VM
s
)
r
u
n
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
u
ll
p
latf
o
r
m
.
I
aa
s
la
y
er
i
s
es
s
en
ti
al
s
i
n
ce
m
o
s
t
C
lo
u
d
v
en
d
o
r
s
(
R
ac
k
s
p
ac
e,
Am
az
o
n
)
u
ti
lize
VM
s
a
s
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
ta
l s
ellin
g
u
n
its
.
Ku
b
er
n
e
tes [
2
3
]
p
r
o
v
id
es t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
la
y
er
.
T
h
is
la
y
er
p
er
m
i
ts
to
o
f
f
er
an
d
s
er
v
e
co
n
tai
n
er
s
(
f
o
r
e
x
a
m
p
le
Do
ck
er
co
n
tain
er
s
)
to
W
AZ
I
UP
s
er
v
ice
s
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
co
n
tain
er
s
o
f
f
er
u
ltra
-
f
as
t,
li
g
h
t
-
w
e
ig
h
t
v
ir
tu
al
izatio
n
f
o
r
m
icr
o
-
s
er
v
ice
s
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
r
u
n
n
i
n
g
i
n
s
id
e
t
h
e
VM
s
.
Dei
s
[
2
4
]
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
th
e
t
h
ir
d
a
n
d
f
i
n
al
C
lo
u
d
la
y
er
w
h
ic
h
o
f
f
er
s
to
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
s
u
c
h
s
er
v
ice
s
as
t
h
e
co
m
p
ilat
io
n
a
n
d
t
h
e
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
n
ap
p
licatio
n
.
B
esi
d
es,
Deis
p
er
m
i
ts
to
co
m
p
ile
al
l th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
p
u
s
h
ed
b
y
t
h
e
u
s
er
s
an
d
h
o
s
t th
e
m
in
co
n
tai
n
er
s
o
n
K
u
b
er
n
etes
.
Mo
r
e
im
p
o
r
tan
tl
y
,
Op
en
Stac
k
p
r
esen
ts
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
s
t
k
n
o
w
n
o
p
en
s
o
u
r
ce
clo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
s
[
2
0
]
.
I
t
o
f
f
er
s
th
e
ess
e
n
tial
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
n
ee
d
ed
to
b
u
ild
ap
p
licatio
n
s
er
v
ices
o
n
a
n
y
c
lo
u
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
l
ik
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
,
s
to
r
ag
e,
co
m
p
u
ta
tio
n
,
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e,
tele
m
etr
i
c
,
an
d
au
t
h
en
ticatio
n
.
T
h
is
p
l
atf
o
r
m
e
n
ab
les
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
to
b
u
ild
clo
u
d
s
er
v
ice
s
b
u
t
also
to
r
e
n
d
er
th
e
m
e
as
y
,
f
ast,
a
n
d
u
n
at
tach
ed
to
h
ar
d
w
ar
e/
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
p
latf
o
r
m
s
.
Op
e
n
Stac
k
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
co
llectio
n
o
f
i
n
ter
f
ac
e
s
f
o
r
a
s
er
v
ice
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
.
I
t
eq
u
all
y
p
er
m
it
s
to
au
to
m
ate
t
h
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t o
p
er
atio
n
s
,
w
h
ic
h
is
cr
u
c
ial
in
t
h
e
m
i
n
i
m
izat
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
o
p
er
atio
n
co
s
t.
W
h
at
is
s
u
g
g
ested
b
y
So
an
d
h
is
co
llea
g
u
e
s
[
6
]
is
to
u
s
e
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
er
v
ices
o
f
f
er
ed
b
y
Op
en
Stac
k
in
t
h
e
ac
tu
a
l
r
estru
ct
u
r
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
L
o
R
a
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
er
v
er
o
p
er
atio
n
s
s
o
as
to
m
a
k
e
it
s
ca
la
b
le
an
d
f
le
x
ib
le.
I
n
f
ac
t,
th
e
f
u
n
c
tio
n
s
o
f
th
e
L
o
R
a
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
er
v
er
o
n
th
e
Op
e
n
St
ac
k
p
latf
o
r
m
in
te
g
r
ate
f
o
u
r
V
Ms: g
ate
w
a
y
a
g
en
t,
L
o
R
a
co
n
tr
o
l,
L
o
R
a
d
ata,
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
er
v
er
ag
en
t.
T
h
e
g
ate
w
a
y
a
g
en
t
VM
d
ef
i
n
es
th
e
p
r
o
to
co
l
o
f
tr
an
s
p
o
r
t
allo
w
i
n
g
co
m
m
u
n
ic
atio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
L
o
R
a
g
a
te
w
a
y
a
n
d
th
e
L
o
R
a
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
er
v
er
.
I
n
a
s
i
m
ilar
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
877
6
I
n
t J
I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
1,
A
p
r
il
20
21
:
54
–
64
60
v
ein
,
t
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
er
v
er
VM
p
u
ts
th
e
L
o
R
a
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
er
v
er
in
to
co
n
tact
w
i
th
t
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
er
v
er
v
ia
th
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
tr
an
s
p
o
r
t p
r
o
t
o
co
l.
T
h
e
L
o
R
a
d
ata
VM
r
ea
lizes t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
d
ata
p
lan
e
.
T
h
e
L
o
R
a
co
n
tr
o
l
VM
r
ea
lizes
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
s
o
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
p
lan
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
ex
c
h
an
g
ed
co
n
tr
o
l
m
e
s
s
a
g
es
w
it
h
L
o
R
a
g
a
te
w
a
y
s
o
r
ter
m
i
n
als.
Fo
r
v
alid
atio
n
p
u
r
p
o
s
es,
an
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
s
y
s
te
m
h
as
b
ee
n
estab
l
i
s
h
ed
b
y
e
x
p
lo
itin
g
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le
o
p
en
s
o
u
r
ce
s
r
elate
d
to
Op
en
Stack
,
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5
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6
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,
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7
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,
[
1
8
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,
a
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Op
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[
5
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a
n
d
[
2
0
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T
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s”
,
IOP
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
S
e
rie
s: M
a
ter
ia
ls S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
3
1
8
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
1
,
2
0
1
8
.
[6
]
J.
P
e
taja
jarv
i,
K.
M
ik
h
a
y
lo
v
,
A
.
Ro
iv
a
in
e
n
,
T
.
Ha
n
n
in
e
n
a
n
d
M
.
P
e
tt
issa
lo
,
“
On
th
e
c
o
v
e
ra
g
e
o
f
LP
W
A
Ns
:
ra
n
g
e
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
a
t
ten
u
a
ti
o
n
m
o
d
e
l
f
o
r
L
o
Ra
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
”
2
0
1
5
1
4
t
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
IT
S
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s I
T
S
T
,
C
o
p
e
n
h
a
g
e
n
,
p
p
.
5
5
-
5
9
,
2
0
1
5
.
[7
]
L
o
Ra
a
ll
ian
c
e
o
f
f
i
c
ial
site,
[On
li
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
s://
l
o
ra
-
a
ll
ian
c
e
.
o
rg
/sit
e
s/d
e
f
a
u
lt
/f
il
e
s/2
0
1
8
-
0
4
/w
h
a
t
-
is
-
lo
ra
w
a
n
.
p
d
f
,
A
c
c
e
ss
e
d
7
Ja
n
u
a
ry
2
0
2
0
.
[8
]
J.
S
o
,
D.
Kim
,
H.
Ki
m
,
H.
Lee
a
n
d
S
.
P
a
rk
,
“
L
o
Ra
Clo
u
d
:
L
o
R
a
p
latf
o
r
m
o
n
Op
e
n
S
tac
k
,
”
2
0
1
6
IEE
E
Ne
tS
o
f
t
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
s (
Ne
tS
o
ft
)
,
S
e
o
u
l
,
p
p
.
4
3
1
-
4
3
4
,
2
0
1
6
.
[9
]
V
it
o
r
M
a
n
u
e
l
F
ialh
o
,
F
e
rn
a
n
d
o
A
z
e
v
e
d
o
,
“
W
irel
e
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
ti
o
n
Ba
se
d
o
n
Ch
irp
S
ig
n
a
ls
f
o
r
L
o
Ra
Io
T
De
v
ice
s”
,
IS
EL
Aca
d
e
mic
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
t
i
o
n
s
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
s
,
v
o
l.
4
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
0
]
M
a
rc
o
Ca
tt
a
n
i,
Ca
rlo
A
lb
e
rto
B
o
a
n
o
,
a
n
d
Ka
y
.
Rô
m
e
r,
“
A
n
Ex
p
e
rime
n
tal
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
Re
li
a
b
il
it
y
o
f
L
o
Ra
L
o
n
g
-
Ra
n
g
e
L
o
w
-
P
o
w
e
r
W
irele
s
s
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
e
n
so
r
a
n
d
Act
u
a
t
o
r
Ne
two
rk
s
,
v
o
l.
6
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
9
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
1
]
Ka
is
M
e
k
k
ia,
Ed
d
y
Ba
ji
c
a
,
F
re
d
e
ric
Ch
a
x
e
la,
F
e
rn
a
n
d
M
e
y
e
rb
,
“
A
c
o
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
stu
d
y
o
f
L
P
W
AN
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
f
o
r
larg
e
-
sc
a
le Io
T
d
e
p
lo
y
m
e
n
t,
”
ICT
Exp
re
ss
,
v
o
l.
5
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
7
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
2
]
Clo
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
[
On
li
n
e
].
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
s:
//
e
n
.
w
ik
ip
e
d
ia.o
rg
/w
ik
i/
Clo
u
d
_
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
.
[1
3
]
He
y
o
n
g
Wan
g
,
W
u
He
,
a
n
d
F
e
n
g
-
Kw
e
i
Wan
g
,
“
En
terp
rise
Clo
u
d
S
e
rv
ice
A
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
s,”
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
a
n
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
,
v
o
l.
1
3
,
p
p
.
4
4
5
-
4
5
4
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
4
]
F
o
rb
e
s,
[
On
li
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
s:/
/www
.
f
o
rb
e
s.c
o
m
/sit
e
s/c
e
n
tu
ry
li
n
k
/2
0
1
4
/
0
2
/2
7
/w
h
e
re
s
-
th
e
-
ru
b
-
c
l
o
u
d
-
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
s
-
h
id
d
e
n
-
c
o
sts/
#
4
c
d
0
b
d
9
9
5
f
0
0
.
[1
5
]
T
h
in
g
S
p
e
ak
TM
,
[
On
li
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
s://
th
i
n
g
sp
e
a
k
.
c
o
m
.
[1
6
]
Op
e
n
sta
c
k
,
[
On
l
in
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
s://
w
ww
.
o
p
e
n
sta
c
k
.
o
rg
.
[1
7
]
T
h
e
T
h
in
g
s Ne
t
w
o
rk
,
[
On
li
n
e
].
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
s://
w
ww
.
th
e
th
in
g
sn
e
tw
o
rk
.
o
rg
/d
o
c
s/
.
[1
8
]
T
h
e
th
in
g
s,
[
On
li
n
e
].
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
s://
t
h
e
th
i
n
g
s.io
/
.
[1
9
]
Co
n
g
d
u
c
P
h
a
m
,
“
Bu
il
d
in
g
l
o
w
-
c
o
st
g
a
tew
a
y
s
a
n
d
d
e
v
ice
s
f
o
r
o
p
e
n
L
o
Ra
Io
T
tes
t
-
b
e
d
”
,
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
T
e
st
b
e
d
s
a
n
d
Res
e
a
rc
h
In
fra
stru
c
t
u
re
s fo
r t
h
e
De
v
e
lo
p
me
n
t
o
f
Ne
tw
o
rk
s a
n
d
C
o
mm
u
n
it
ies
,
p
p
.
7
0
-
8
0
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
0
]
C.
P
h
a
m
,
A
.
Ra
h
im
a
n
d
P
.
C
o
u
si
n
,
“
L
o
w
-
c
o
st,
L
o
n
g
-
ra
n
g
e
o
p
e
n
I
o
T
f
o
r
sm
a
rter
ru
ra
l
Af
rica
n
v
il
la
g
e
s,”
2
0
1
6
IE
E
E
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
S
ma
rt C
it
ies
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
(
IS
C2
)
,
T
re
n
to
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
1
]
Co
re
n
ti
n
Du
p
o
n
t,
T
o
m
a
s
Bu
re
s,
M
e
h
d
i
S
h
e
ik
h
a
li
sh
a
h
i,
Co
n
g
d
u
c
P
h
a
m
,
A
b
d
u
r
Ra
h
im
,
“
L
o
w
-
Co
st
Io
T
,
Big
Da
ta,
a
n
d
Clo
u
d
P
latf
o
rm
f
o
r
De
v
e
lo
p
in
g
Co
u
n
tri
e
s,”
Eco
n
o
mic
s
o
f
Gr
id
s,
Clo
u
d
s
,
S
y
ste
ms
,
a
n
d
S
e
rv
ice
s
-
1
4
th
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
GECON 2
0
1
7
,
Biarritz,
F
ra
n
c
e
,
p
p
.
2
8
5
-
2
9
9
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
2
]
Co
n
g
d
u
c
P
h
a
m
,
[
On
li
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
s://
g
it
h
u
b
.
c
o
m
/Co
n
g
d
u
c
P
h
a
m
/L
o
w
Co
stL
o
Ra
Gw
#
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
-
a
-
ra
d
io
-
m
o
d
u
le
-
to
-
y
o
u
r
-
e
n
d
-
d
e
v
ice
.
[2
3
]
Ku
b
e
rn
e
tes
,
[
On
l
in
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
:
//
k
u
b
e
r
n
e
tes
.
io
.
[2
4
]
M
icro
so
f
t
A
z
u
re
,
[
On
li
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
:/
/d
e
is.i
o
.
[2
5
]
Ke
rli
n
k
,
[
O
n
li
n
e
].
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
:/
/www
.
k
e
rli
n
k
.
f
r/en
/p
ro
d
u
c
ts/
.
[2
6
]
W
irele
ss
so
l
u
ti
o
n
s
b
y
im
st
g
m
b
h
-
sk
-
im
8
8
0
a
,
[
On
li
n
e
].
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
:/
/w
ww
.
w
irele
ss
-
so
lu
ti
o
n
s.d
e
/p
ro
d
u
c
ts/l
o
n
g
-
ra
n
g
e
-
ra
d
io
/sk
-
im
8
8
0
a
.
[2
7
]
In
stru
c
tab
les
Circu
it
s,
[
On
li
n
e
]
.
Av
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
s://
w
ww
.
in
stru
c
tab
les
.
c
o
m
/i
d
/Use
-
L
o
ra
-
S
h
ield
-
a
n
d
-
RP
i
-
to
-
B
u
il
d
-
a
-
L
o
Ra
WAN
-
G
a
te
wa
y
/
.
[2
8
]
Dra
g
in
o
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
Co
.
,
L
TD,
[
O
n
li
n
e
].
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
s:
//
ww
w
.
d
ra
g
in
o
.
c
o
m
/p
ro
d
u
c
ts/l
o
ra
/i
tem
/1
0
2
-
lo
ra
-
sh
ield
.
h
tm
l
[2
9
]
G
it
Hu
b
,
[
On
li
n
e
].
A
v
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
s://
g
it
h
u
b
.
c
o
m
/t
f
telk
a
m
p
/sin
g
le_
c
h
a
n
_
p
k
t_
f
w
d
.
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